翻译Topic8沟通的技巧
翻译工作中的沟通技巧总结
PART 04
翻译工作中沟通技巧的培 养与提升
语言能力的持续提高
掌握目标语言
精通源语言和目标语言，包括词汇、语法、句型 等基本语言知识。
了解语言文化
深入了解源语言和目标语言的文化背景、习惯用 法和俚语，提高语言运用能力。
语言表达能力
通过阅读、写作、听力和口语练习，提高语言表 达的准确性和流畅性。
国际会议中的翻译沟通技巧
1 2
快速反应
具备快速理解和反应能力，能够应对会议中突发 的翻译需求。
语言规范
使用规范、正式的语言，确保信息传递的专业性 和准确性。
3
跨文化意识
了解不同国家和地区的文化背景和语言习惯，避 免文化冲突和误解。
文学作品翻译中的沟通技巧
保留原意
准确传达文学作品的思想、意境和风格，保留原作的艺术价值。
总结词
关注语境变化，对语义进行适当的调整和处理。
详细描述
在翻译过程中，译者需要关注语境变化，根据上下文对 语义进行适当的调整和处理，使译文更加符合语境逻辑 和语义规范。
总结词
具备语境转换的准确性，提高译文的准确性和一致性。
详细描述
译者需要具备语境转换的准确性，根据语境的变化对译 文进行适当的调整和完善，确保译文的准确性和一致性 符合目标语言的表达规范和习惯。
2023 WORK SUMMARY
翻译工作中的沟通技 巧总结
汇报人：可编辑
2024-01-01
REPORTING
目录
• 翻译工作概述 • 沟通技巧在翻译工作中的重要性 • 翻译工作中的沟通技巧 • 翻译工作中沟通技巧的培养与提升 • 翻译工作中沟通技巧的实际应用案例
PART 01
翻译工作概述
有效沟通的八个技巧
有效沟通的八个技巧Effective Communication: Eight TechniquesAs human beings, we are social animals and we crave interaction and communication. Effective communication is not only necessary in our personal lives, but it is also an essential element in the workplace. However, communication is not always easy, and it can be challenging even for seasoned professionals. In this article, we will cover eight techniques that will help you improve your communication skills and become an effective communicator.1. Active ListeningActive listening is the foundation of effective communication. It requires and demands your full attention and concentration. It involves the ability to understand the speaker’s point of view and intentions thoroughly. Active listening is n ot just about hearing the words being spoken; it is about understanding the message, tone, and body language that accompanies the message.2. EmpathyEmpathy is the ability to put oneself in another person's position. When we empathize with others, we can better understand their feelings and emotions. Empathy helps us to appreciate others' thoughts and opinions and to establish a deeper human connection. When communicating with others, try to understand their perspective and feelings. It can help build trust and create a more meaningful conversation.3. ClarityClarity is crucial in communication. The message you want to convey should be clear and concise. Use simple language and avoid jargon and technical terms. Get straight to the point and avoid long-winded explanations. Be specific and avoid generalizations or vague statements. Clarity helps to avoid misunderstandings, confusion, and misinterpretations.4. Nonverbal CommunicationNonverbal communication includes body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice, among others. Nonverbal communication can often be more potent than words themselves. It can add depth and meaning to the spoken word and convey emotions and feelings that words alone cannot. When communicating, pay attention to the nonverbal cues and try to match them with your message.5. RespectRespect is an essential element in effective communication. Respect involves treating others with dignity, kindness, and understanding. If you want others to listen to you, you must first listen to them and show them respect and empathy. Respect is a two-way street, and it is important to give it to receive it.6. Open-mindednessOpen-mindedness is essential in communication. It involves being receptive to others' opinions and ideas, even if they differ from your own. Open-mindedness can help to broaden your perspective and enhance your understanding of different viewpoints. When communicating with others, try to keep an open mind and be willing to consider different ideas and opinions.7. FeedbackFeedback is an essential element of effective communication. Feedback involves giving and receiving constructive criticism or praise. Feedback can help improve communication and build trust. Providing feedback should be done with tact and in a supportive manner. Positive feedback should be used to reinforce good behavior, and negative feedback should be used to correct behavior.8. PatiencePatience is essential in effective communication. Communication can be challenging, and it is not always easy to get your message across. Patience involves taking the time to listen to others, repeating your message if necessary, and being willing to let others speak.Patience can help to create a more relaxed and open environment that fosters effective communication and mutual understanding.In conclusion, effective communication is essential in our personal and professional lives. It requires active listening, empathy, clarity, nonverbal communication, respect, open-mindedness, feedback, and patience. These eight techniques can help you improve your communication skills and become a more effective communicator. Effective communication is a skill that can be learned and mastered with practice, so start practicing today!。
专八翻译汉译英常用技巧
• 2）用点画成线，用线画成平面，用平面画 成立体。 • With points you can make a line; with line, planes; with planes, solids. • 3）于是转怒为喜，转赞美为责备挑剔，转 首肯为摇头。 • Then happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nit-picking, and headnodding to head-shaking.
• 4. 词的省略 • 1）种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和 挤奶，锄草和栽花…… • Planting crops and grapes, brewing and drinking wines, raising and milking cows, weeding the garden and planting flowers…
• 3. 我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大 思想家等等莫不如此。（2005） • Such examples have been set a lot by Chinese laboring people, great statesmen and thinkers of past dynasties. • 相对论是爱因斯坦提出来的。 • The theory of relativity was put forward by Einstein.
• 2. 词类转换 • 1）吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。 • You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses. • 2）这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗 也就衍传了下来。 • Thus, every place, with its own legends and folktales, has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.
交流技巧英语作文带翻译
交流技巧英语作文带翻译IntroductionEffective communication is a critical skill in today’s globalized world. Whether it is for personal or professional purposes, being able to communicate well in English can greatly enhance your interactions and build strong relationships. In this essay, we will explore some essential communication skills and provide helpful tips for successful English communication.Body1. Active ListeningActive listening plays a vital role in effective communication. It involves fully concentrating on the speaker and understanding their message. Here are some key tips for active listening:•Maintain eye contact with the speaker.•Display open body language, such as facing the speaker and nodding in agreement.•Avoid interrupting the speaker and patiently wait for your turn to speak.•Paraphrase and summarize what the speaker said to ensure you understood correctly.Translation:积极倾听在有效沟通中起着重要作用。
unit 8 翻译技巧
反译
由于汉英思维方式的不同，英汉语言的表达习惯 也不尽相同。口译中，有时正译难以措辞或者效 果欠佳。这种情况下，一般要反其道而译之， 在 词义、句式、肯定与否定、主动与被动、先后顺 序等方面采用正反变通方法来处理。这就是反译。 某些特定的词汇和句式采用反译法语言更生动流 畅， 更能表达原意。
1.
因此，一个越来越重要的问题就是，如果要使学生充分 利用他们(上大学)的机会, 就得为他们提供大量关于课程 的更为详尽的信息, 作更多的指导。
Frankly speaking, ideas and goods will travel around the globe with or without our help. 坦率地讲，思想和商品将会在全球流通，不管有没有我 们的帮助。 It has been 20 years since I first came to Shanghai on my first visit to China when I stayed in Jinjiang Hotel. 20 年前，我第一次来上海，那是我首次访华，当时住在 锦江饭店。
This is the last thing we wish to see.
这是我们最不愿意看到的事情。
Several times she wanted to tell him what had happened, but her courage failed her. 好几次她都想告诉他事情的真相，但是她没 有勇气。
口译翻译技巧
顺译
反译 增减法 断句 重复 转换
顺译
在翻译过程中，我们往往要遵循一条原则：按照 原语句子的顺序口译，不轻易改变句子顺序。这 样做的好处就在于：我们可以把更多的精力放在 句子意思的口译上。不过，在句子语序不调整的 情况下，我们还是要注意句子衔接的问题，所以 有的时候要添加一些信息也是在所难免的。
沟通英文作文技巧
沟通英文作文技巧英文：Communication is an essential skill in today's world. Whether it's in the workplace or in our personal lives, being able to effectively communicate our thoughts and ideas is crucial. Here are some tips to improve your English communication skills:1. Practice, practice, practice. The more you speak and write in English, the more comfortable and confident you will become.2. Listen carefully. Pay attention to how native English speakers pronounce words and use idioms and expressions. This will help you to better understand and use these language features yourself.3. Don't be afraid to make mistakes. Everyone makes mistakes when learning a new language. Don't let fear holdyou back from practicing and improving.4. Use visual aids. When communicating complex ideas, use diagrams, charts, or other visual aids to help convey your message.5. Be aware of cultural differences. English is spoken differently in different parts of the world. Be aware of these differences and adjust your communication style accordingly.中文：在今天的世界中，沟通是一项必不可少的技能。
与人沟通交流说话的技巧英语作文
与人沟通交流说话的技巧英语作文The Art of Communication: Mastering the Skills of Effective Conversation.Communication is an essential aspect of human interaction, and mastering the skills of effective conversation can significantly enhance our relationshipsand personal success. In this article, we will explore the key elements of communication and how to use them to create meaningful and productive conversations.1. Active Listening.Active listening is the cornerstone of effective communication. It involves paying close attention to what the other person is saying, understanding their point of view, and responding appropriately. When we actively listen, we show respect and interest in the other person, which fosters a sense of connection and trust.To practice active listening, try to avoid interrupting the speaker and focus on understanding their message. Reflect on what they are saying by paraphrasing or asking clarifying questions. This not only helps you confirm your understanding but also encourages the speaker to elaborate further.2. Clear Expression.Effective communication requires clear and concise expression. It's essential to choose your words carefully and avoid using vague or ambiguous language. Use specific examples and stories to illustrate your points and make your message more memorable.When expressing yourself, it's also important to maintain a positive tone. Avoid negative language that can create tension or conflict. Instead, focus on solutions and positive outcomes to foster a cooperative and supportive conversation.3. Nonverbal Communication.Nonverbal communication, such as facial expressions, body language, and tone of voice, plays a crucial role in communication. These elements often convey messages that words cannot express, and they can significantly impact how others interpret our words.Maintaining eye contact, smiling, and using open body language can convey warmth and engagement. Conversely, avoiding eye contact, crossing arms, or adopting a closed posture can communicate disinterest or defensiveness. Matching your nonverbal cues to your verbal message helps ensure a consistent and authentic communication style.4. Understanding Cultural Differences.Cultural differences can significantly affect communication style and expectations. It's essential to be aware of these differences and adapt your communication accordingly. For example, some cultures value directness and assertiveness, while others prefer a more indirect and subtle approach.By understanding the cultural context of your communication, you can avoid misunderstandings and冲突 and build more effective relationships. Research the cultural norms of the other person's background and adjust your communication style accordingly.5. Empathy and Understanding.Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of others. It's a crucial skill in effective communication because it helps us connect with others and build meaningful relationships.By expressing empathy, we show that we care about the other person's feelings and perspectives. This creates a safe and supportive environment for conversation, encouraging the other person to open up and share their thoughts and feelings.To cultivate empathy, practice active listening and reflecting on the other person's message. Try to putyourself in their shoes and imagine what they might be feeling or experiencing. By doing so, you can better understand their perspective and connect with them on a deeper level.In conclusion, effective communication is a complexskill that requires practice and attention to detail. By actively listening, expressing yourself clearly, using nonverbal cues effectively, understanding cultural differences, and cultivating empathy, you can significantly enhance your communication abilities and build stronger relationships with others. Remember, communication is atwo-way street, and it requires effort and patience from both parties to be successful.。
英语专八翻译技巧
英语专业八级翻译指导:英译汉需注意问题一、不合习惯的说法不同的民族有不同的习惯和表达方法。
一句话，一个词，在一个国家表达的是好意，引起人们好的联想和情感，在另一个国家转达的可能是坏意，引起人们不好的联想和情感。
如果翻译不注意，就有可能引起误解或不快。
而如果我们注意这些差异，在译文中加以运用，就可以收到较好的效果。
在翻译不涉及政治、经济等重要问题，只涉及生活习惯、日常用语时，可以更灵活些，按照译入语的习惯说法表达意思。
1、见面问候中国人见面时喜欢问：吃过了吗？Have you had breakfast（lunch，supper）？到哪去？Where areyougoing？这都不是外国人在见面问候时会问的问题。
如果见面就问外国人“到哪里”，人家会以为你要了解人家的私事，对你会产生反感。
外国人喜欢问：“你好吗？”这句话可以有不少表达方法，如How are you？How do you do ？How have you been doing？Hello！Hey！等。
用哪一句来表达你的问候，取决于你与被问候人的关系密切程度。
总之，这一类的问候语，直译可能会让人感到莫名其妙，还是按外国人的习惯翻译较好。
2、对病人的问候中国人喜欢对病人深表同情。
但外国人则轻易不愿表现出其弱的一面，对他们表达过分同情的话未必会收到好的效果。
例如：中国人在听说一个人生病后可能会说：得知贵体欠佳，深感不安和关切。
直译：I was rather disturbed by and concerned about yourillness.但这样翻译会使感到病情很重，只能加重病人的顾虑，达不到安慰病人的目的。
按照英文的表达习惯，可译为：I am sorry tohear about your illness and wish you a speedyrecovery.这样翻译既表达了讲话者的难过心情，又表达了希望病人尽快康复的愿望。
3、对待他人的表扬和感谢在受到表扬或感谢时，中国人往往比较谦虚，会说：“这没什么。
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Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Active listening
强度
共情
积极倾听的技巧
责任
Prentice Hall, 200110
赞同
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Management skills: Effective listening
有效的倾听
• 目光接触 • 赞评性的点头及恰当的面部表情 • 避免分心的举动或手势 • 提问 • 用你自己的话复述 • 避免中途打断说话者 • 不要多说 • 共情
Prentice Hall, 20018
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Understanding communication: other issues
当代沟通问题
男性与 女性间的沟通
全球化之中的沟通
Prentice Hall, 20019
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
任务要求
角色要求
人际需求 结构尺寸
组织压力因素
领导技巧
Prentice Hall, 200124
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Stress management (see Chap 7 p241)
个人压力因素
家庭
个人的
经济的
Prentice Hall, 200125
协商区
甲方的诉求范围
结算范围
乙方的诉求范围
甲方的目标 点
乙方的阻力 位
Prentice Hall, 200129
甲方的阻力 位
乙方的目标 点
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Management skills: Negotiation
提高谈判技巧
• 研究你的对手 • 用积极的方式开始 • 解决问题而不是人 • 忽略最初出价 • 寻求双赢的解决方案 • 考虑第三方支援
Prentice Hall, 200121
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Conflict management
如何激发冲突
• 冲突合法化 • 使用沟通 • 从外部招聘 • 使用结构变量 • 任命一个“魔鬼代言人”
Prentice Hall, 200122
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Stress management (see Chap 7 p243)
压力
生理
心理
Three General Symptoms
Prentice Hall, 200126
行为
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
沟通障碍
顾虑
过滤
选择性知觉
语言
Prentice Hall, 20017
情绪
信息超载
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Understanding communication: the barriers
克服沟通障碍
• 控制情绪 • 注意非语言暗示 • 运用反馈 • 简化用语 • 积极倾听
谈判的两种战略
协商的特性
分开协商
整体协商
• 可用资源 • 主要动机 • 首要利益 •关系焦点
Prentice Hall, 200128
• 固定数额 • 我赢，你输 • 反对 • 短期
• 可变数量 • 我赢，你赢 • 一致 •长期
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Negotiation
沟通差异
冲突来源
结构差异
个人差异
Prentice Hall, 200118
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Conflict management
冲突处理风格
高
强制
协作
妥协
断然
逃避
低
Prentice Hall, 200119
合作性
适应
高
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Conflict management
冲突与单位绩效
高
单 位 绩 效
A
B
C
低 现状 A B C
冲突等级 低或无 优化 高
Prentice Hall, 200120
冲突等级
冲突类型
内部特征
功能失调
缺乏兴趣 停滞
功能
可行的, 创新
功能失调
破坏性, 混沌
高 结果
Prentice Hall, 20014
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Understanding communication: the process
人际沟通过程
编码
信息
发送者 （信息源）
通道
信息
噪声
解码 接受者
Prentice Hall, 20015
反馈
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Effective delegating
授权的概念
权威 高层 管理者 中层管理者 基层管理者 操作者
有效授权讲权力通过组织的阶层垂直向下传递
Prentice Hall, 200114
Interpersonal skills: Effective delegating
Prentice Hall, 200116
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Conflict management
三种冲突观
人际关系
交互作用
传统
Prentice Hall, 200117
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Conflict management
Prentice Hall, 200111
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Effective feedback
专注于特定的行为
保持 客观的反馈
保持目标导向
有效的反馈
提供 及时的信息反馈
确保理解
Prentice Hall, 200112
专注于 接受者可以控制的
Prentice Hall, 20012
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Chapter Guide
• 理解沟通
– 沟通过程 – 沟通渠道 – 克服沟通障碍
• 人际关系的技巧
– 有效的反馈 – 积极倾听 – 有效的授权 – 冲突管理 – 压力管理 – 谈判和交涉
Prentice Hall, 20013
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Stress management (see Chap 7 p240)
约束
要求
什么是压力？
不确定性
Prentice Hall, 200123
重要性
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Stress management (see Chap 7 p241)
Prentice Hall, 200130
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Presentation
作有效的陈述
• 准备陈述 • 做开场白 • 表明你的观点 • 演示结束 • 回答问题
Prentice Hall, 200131
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Stress management (see Chap 7 p243)
压力管理
• 甄选和安排 • 工作再设计 • 参与 • 健康计划 • 员工援助
Prentice Hall, 200127
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Interpersonal skills: Negotiation
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
Understanding communication: the process
沟通
• 沟通是指意义的传递和理解。 • 没有沟通就不会有最好的想法、建议、
计划 • 沟通可以有很多形式:
– 口语 vs. 书面 – 言语 vs.非言语 – 人际 vs. 组织
章节小结
• 沟通 对管理者的重要性
• 沟通过程 • 克服沟通障碍 • 积极倾听的技巧 • 如何给出有效反馈
Prentice Hall, 200132
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing
有效的授权 • 分析和解决冲突的步骤 • 管理者激发冲突的原因 • 分开协商vs.整体协商
Understanding communication: various methods
人际沟通方法
Prentice Hall, 20016
书面沟通 语调沟通 小道消息 非语言暗示 电子媒体
Gao Junshan, UST Beijing