非谓语 第二讲

• 6.---- You should have thanked her before you left. • ---- I meant ____, but when I was leaving, I couldn’t find her anywhere. • A . to do B. to C. doing D. doing so • 7.In some parts of London, missing a bus means ____ for another hour. • A . waiting B. to wait • C. wait D. to be waiting
It is no use crying over spilt milk. = Spilt water cannot be gathered up again. It is no good trying to explain. It is a waste of time talking to the parrot. There is no use in hurrying there. There is no point in my going out to date someone
Tom’s refusing to accept the invitation upset me. The noise of the desks being opened and closed can be heard out in the street. He was awakened by someone knocking on the door. PS:当名词的复合结构作主语时，当动名词的 逻辑主语是物而不是人时，当动名词的逻 辑主语是不定代词时，最好用普通格
2).在介词后做宾语： 习惯期待和坚持
be used to/ be accoustomed to look forwad to stick to
反对致力于贡献
object to devote to contribute to
3).在特定的句型中做宾语： 如：做某事遇到了麻烦/困难，做某事很开心 Have difficulty/trouble/problems/fun/ pleasure/a hard time/ a good time/difficult Time (in) doing sth I have a hard time getting used to living in a big house. I have trouble keeping track of the time. I have trouble keeping up in my class.
非谓语 第二季
动名词
动名词具有名词和动词特性： 名词：在句中主要充当主语，宾语，表语， 定语。 动词：有时态和语态。
一般 完成 doing being done
having done having been done
否定式： not + 动名词
动名词时态语态的意义
1.被动语态的意义：动名词和被修饰的名词或代词 之间关系为被动时 1).用 being done 或者 having been done : I have not the least objection to the child being punished. The house showed no sign of having been damaged. My friend insist on being sent to the mountain area to serve the children there.
高考真题重现 1.Tony was very unhappy for __ to the party. A. having not been invited B. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invited
2). 用主动形式 doing 表示被动： The garden needs watering.= to be watered. He deserves praising.= to be praised. You hair wants cutting,= to be cut,you’d better have it cut tomorrow. 当主语是物，动词是want,need, require, demand, bear, stand，deserve, be worth 时 用doing表被动。
8.I don’t know whether you happen ______, but I’m going to study in the USA this September. A.to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard 9.The flu is believed ______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused
2.完成时的意义：如动作没明确表示出时间是与谓 语同时发生或在谓语之前发生，用一般式。如动 作发生在谓语动词的动作之前，通常用完成式。 We are interested in playing chess. I’m sorry for not having kept my promise. PS:但在某些词后，常用一般式，尽管其动作是在 谓语所表示的动作之前发生。如：on, forget， regret, remember等 On hearing the bad news, she cried. I’ll never forget seeing that film for the first time.
动名词做定语
说明被修饰名词的用途和性能: • a reading room = a room which is used for reading • running shoes =shoes for running • Keep the following in mind: • a working method =a method of working • a drawing board a sewing machine • a swimming pool a waiting room • a dining car a driving license • a walking stick a singiporters hurried to the airport, only ______ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 11.It seems that he has no pen ___. A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with
动名词做宾语
1) 在动词后面做宾语： 建议考虑继续练 suggest/advise, consider, keep,practise can’t stand, delay, deny 难忍推迟又否认 避免错过被欣赏 avoid, miss, appreciate/ enjoy 不要介意冒险和想象mind, risk, imagine 禁止不完成就逃亡 forbid, finish, escape 承认没想到 admit, fancy 准许盼原谅 permit, look forward to, excuse/pardon
疑难杂症
1.部分动词后跟动名词不定式意思一样： start / begin / continue / cease+ to do=doing 2.部分动词后跟动名词和不定式意思不同：
1).forget/regret/remember + to do/doing 2).stop/going on to do/doing 3).try to do/doing 4).mean to do /doing 5).cannot help to do/doing 6). chance to do/doing
动名词做主语
1).动名词在句首在主语： Hating people is like burning down your house to get rid of a rat. Getting mad at others means other people are getting control of your emotions. Being deeply loved by someone gives you strength; while loving someone deeply gives you courage.
动名词的逻辑主语
Clint insisted on reading the letter. Clint insisted on me/my reading the letter. I object to making private calls on this phone. I object to his/him making private calls on this phone. Would you mind telling us the whole story? Would you mind Tom/Tom’s telling us the whole story?
动名词做表语
• Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. • The problem is quite puzzling. • Reading is permitting a man to talk a long time, and refusing you the right to answer.