区分三大非谓语动词 2
非谓语动词区分

一; He was seen crying in the next room.(seen的时候crying正在发
1).admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,enjoy,escap e,excuse,face,feel,finish,forgive,imagine,include,
keep,mention, mind,miss,practise,resis,risk,suggest 2).give up,put off,set about/off, insist on, persist in,stick to,see to,look forward to,on the way
The wall wants to be painted again. 这堵墙需要再次粉刷了。 注意:后接doing形式时要用主动式;同时出现,以to be done为
优。 8.介词的宾语不用过去分词。(-ing形式叫动名词) He rushed out without being noticed.(动名词短语的被动式作宾
to, can't help/bear/stand,it's no use/good
3.后接to和接ing形式意义不同的常见动词如:
1)remember/forget接to do 表示动作“没有”发生或 “将要”发生;接doing表示动作“已经”发生。
非谓语动词

分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后,分析非 谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还 是被动关系。
seen 1.______from space , the earth ooks blue . 2.______from space , we can see the earth is blue seeing
看句子是否有连词,最后确定是否选非谓语
A 3. ______to the left , you'll find the post office . C 4. If you _____to the left , you'll find the post office . C 5. ______to the left , and you'll find the post office .
A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned
确定要选非谓语动词之后,第二步要分析其 逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语, 但仍具有动词特点,其逻辑上的动作执行者 就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时 ,其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若 不一致,则须加上自己的逻辑主语。 First ____ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
1.The building ______now will be a restaurant . 2. The building ______next year will be a restaurant . 3. The building ______last year is a restaurant. (build) 1. being built 2. to be built 3. built
非谓语动词用法区别之归纳

·非谓语动词用法区别之归纳非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。
为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义,我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。
(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。
(具体)(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。
(经验)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
(经验)(3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。
3)如果主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness, job,plan problem,purpose, thing,wish等为中心的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
如何区分三种非谓语动词

如何区分三种非谓语动词在英语中,动词的地位非常重要,它可以充当句子的谓语,同时受主语的限制,必须在人称上和主语一致。
另外,动词在句子中的作用不止于作谓语。
动词不定式,动名词和分词(包括现在分词和过去分词)可以出现在句子中除谓语以外的任何一个位置上,充当句子的主语,表语,定语,宾语,状语等成分,这些动词形式称为非谓语动词。
非谓语动词主要的句法功能一览表。
Ⅰ.不定式与动名词作主语的用法比较:1.动词原形不能在句中作主语。
如果某个动词在句中需作主语,我们可以把它们变成动名词或动词不定式,有时它们的意思没多大区别。
但前后要讲究对称。
如:To see is to belive. = Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。
2.一般来讲,在表示比较抽象笼统的一般行为时多用动名词,在表示具体某次动作,特别是将来的动作时,多用不定式。
如:Smoking is bad for health. 吸烟对人身体有害。
(笼统地谈吸烟问题)To finish the job in two days is impossible.要两天之内完成这项工作是不可能.的。
(具体地谈这项工作)3.不定式作主语时,通常用形式主语it于句首,把不定式置于句尾,使句子平稳,以避免头重脚轻。
动名词作主语用后置的情况远不及不定式那么普遍,常限于good, use, a waste of time,useless等词的后面。
如:It is impossible to finish the job in two days.It is no good /use having a car if you can’t drive.如果你不会开车,有车也没用。
It is a waste of time watching TV. 看电视是浪费时间。
4.在There is no……句型中,常用动名词作主语。
There is no doing ……没法做。
英语非谓语动词讲解

英语非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义,我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
★1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。
(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。
(具体)(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。
(经验)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
(经验)注意:不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。
①常用不定式做主语的句型有:常用结构:It+be+ adj./n.+ for sb. to do sth.(常见形容词: difficult , important, necessary, impossible, etc.)It+be+ adj. + of sb. to do sth. =sb. be + adj. + to do sth.(常见形容词:clever, silly, foolish, stupid, wise, kind, rude, impolite, careless, cruel, crazy, etc.)②常用动名词做主语的句型有:It’s no good (use, fun) doing sth.It’s (a) waste of time one’s doing sth. It’s worth while doing sth.★2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。
第8讲:非谓语动词(2)讲义+2022届高考英语一轮复习

第8讲非谓语动词(2)Part 1. 不定式to do (主动,目的,将来时)考点1:有些动词只能跟不定式作宾语agree (同意) , ask (请) , attempt (试图) , decide (决定) , desire (希望) , determine (决心) , expect (期望) , fail (未能) , hope (希望) , intend (打算) , learn (学习) , manage (设法) , offer (愿意) , plan (计划) , pretend (假装) , refuse (拒绝) , wish (希望) , promise (答应),want(想要)would like(想要)等等。
1.We asked them___ (play) in the countryside.2.There were many talented actors out there just waiting (discover).3.I expected __________(meet) your friend, but my car broke down on the way.4.She told me that she had decided __________ (not late) again.5.Almost everyone fails __________ (pass )his driver’s test on the first try.考点2. 名词前有序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,常用不定式. 也包括被the next, the last, the only, the very等限定词时词。
1. He is the oldest actor ever_______(win)an Oscar.2.He loves parties. He is always the first _____ (come) and the last __________ (leave).考点3. it 作形式主语(for sb. to do sth. 与of sb. to do sth.)(1)It + be+形容词+for /of somebody to do something区分介词:for / of1. It is difficult for us to finish the work on time.2. It’s very kind of you to help me.常用for 的形容词:表示客观情况的形容词:difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary等常用of的形容词:表示赞扬或批评的词:careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise, polite, impolite等(2) It took us two hours to finish the job.练习①选用of 或for 填空:1.It is stupid ____ you to tell him everything..2.It's necessary ____ you to lock the car when you do not use it.3.It was kind ____ you to offer me so much help.4.It seemed selfish ____ him not to give them anything.②语法填空1.It will take a long time ________(understand) the science mystery.2.It was polite _________ the child to give up his seat to the elderly woman.3.Is it necessary for him _________ (return) the book immediately?考点4. only to do(……., 结果却….)作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。
非谓语全讲解(无盲区版)

非谓语全讲解一、非谓语动词的概述非谓语有三大方面的内容是需要学习和掌握的,即:它们在句中所能充当的成分、时态和语态的变化以及逻辑主语。
非谓语动词有三种形式:1、不定式:可当作名词、形容词和副词来使用。
不定式在句中能够充当除谓语之外的其它任何成分。
2、动名词:动名词相当于名词,在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
3、分词:分词相当于形容词和副词,在句中主要充当定语、状语、补足语和表语。
非谓语动词作为动词的一种变化形式,仍保留有动词的特征。
比如:有自己的主语、时态和语态的变化。
因此学习非谓语动词有三个重要内容:充当句子成分,时态和语态的变化及逻辑主语。
二、非谓语的具体讲解非谓语之不定式(to do):不定式作为一种动词的变化形式,具有动词的一般特征,即有时态和语态的变化。
不定式时态和语态的构成。
(1)不定式的形式动词+to do作宾语结构此结构中不定式可直接与一个及物动词连用表示将来、目的或不定式的动作发生在谓语之后,动词常为表意愿、目地、企图等的词。
在句中若出现了不定式动作的执行者时,用不定式主动形式,若没有执行者或不定式所修饰的成份是不定式动作的承受者,用被动形式。
例:I want someone to take some photos.I want some photos to be taken.She asked to be given an easy assignment.The book is not allowed to be taken out of the library.I come to see youI hope to see you again(2)不定式的形式(it is +adj+to do 作主语)It is possible to give without loving,but it is not possible to love without giving.It is important to master English well.(3)特殊疑问词+to do (相当于一个名词短语)I do not know whether to answer his letter.I want to know what to do next.(4)动词+it+宾语补足语+to do(不定式作宾语,不能直接放在动词后,要用it作形式宾语,不定式放在宾补后作真正的宾语)I find it difficult to learn English well.Allow sb to do sth \advise sb to do sth (动词+宾语+to do )1、不定式作定语修饰名词(1)宾语关系:指被修饰的名词在逻辑意义上充当不定式的宾语。
非谓语动词记忆口诀有哪些

非谓语动词记忆口诀有哪些英语中的动词分谓语动词和非谓语动词两大类,谓语动词在句子中可以作谓语,非谓语动词在句子中不能作谓语。
下面就是小编给大家带来的非谓语动词记忆口诀,希望大家喜欢!非谓语动词记忆口诀一、非谓语动词的形式“非谓”形式记忆口诀“非谓”形式1、2、3,过去分词最简单;现在分词和动名词,两种形式记心间;不定式形式有三种,“完成”“进行”和“一般”。
非谓语动词的形式共分三种,即过去分词只有一种形式,现在分词有两种形式,动词不定式有三种形式,简称“非谓形式1、2、3”。
见下表(以动词do为例,下同)。
非谓语动词形式1、2、3非谓语动词一般式进行式完成式过去分词done现在分词或动名词doingbeing donehaving donehaving been done动词不定式to doto be doneto be doingto have doneto have been done从上表格中可以看出过去分词最简单,只有一种形式,即一般式done,现在分词分一般和完成两种形式,动词不定式有一般式、进行式和完成式三种形式。
熟记这些形式,是学好和用好非谓语动词的必要前提,必须在“熟”字上下功夫。
当我们在学习和使用非谓语动词时,大脑中首先浮现出“非谓语动词形式1、2、3”这幅图表,答题就有了较好的基础。
二、非谓语动词的功能非谓语动词总共有10种形式,每种形式用法均不同,不仅如此,有些非谓语动词的不同形式在句子中还可以充当同一功能(比如过去分词、现在分词和不定式均可在句中做定语),但存在区别。
以下表格(图2)仅介绍非谓语动词10种形式的主要功能及特点,详细用法可参看有关语法书籍。
非谓语动词各种形式功能表(图2)非谓语动词句中功能主要特点done定语、状语、表语、宾补被动,已经完成doing主语、定语、状语、表语、宾补主动,正在进行being done主语、定语、状语、宾补被动,正在进行having done状语、宾语、不能作定语主动,已经完成having been done状语、宾语、不能作定语被动,已经完成to do主语、宾语、表语、宾补、状语主动,将要发生to be done主语、宾语、表语、宾补、状语被动,将要发生to be doing宾语(常与动词搭配)主动,正在进行to have done宾语(常与动词搭配)主动,已经完成to have been done宾语(常与动词搭配)被动,已经完成说明:1.doing和to do 都可以作主语、宾语和表语,但to do 表示将要进行的“某一次”动作,doing则表示经常的动作(例1);它们都可以用作状语,但doing表示伴随或行为方式,而to do常表示目的(例2);2.doing/being done 和having done/having been done都可以在句中作状语,但dong/being done表示的动作常与谓语动词的动作同时或几乎同时发生,而having done/having been done表示的动作则发生在谓语动作之前(例3、例4);3.done,being done, to be done 这三个被动形式都可以在句子中作定语,但它们的时间概念有明显不同(例4-6);4.动词不定式的进行式和完成式常与一些动词搭配(例8、例9)。
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有些动词后既可接不定式做宾语,也可接动 名词做宾语,两者意义差别不大.这些词有 like, hate, begin, start, love, continue 等. ① 区别: like 和 hate 等. ② start, begin后面,一般接不定式和动名词无
多大区别。但在下列情况下,多用动词不定式: a.自然界变化: It started to rain. Snow started to melt as spring came. b. 心理活动,在understand, know, realize等词前 I began to realize my mistakes. c. begin, start本身为进行时:
I have nothing to do but wait. Do you have anything to say? 不定代词something, nothing, little, much, a lot, anything 等习惯上用不定 式做宾语. 以“即将发生的动作”修饰事物时,可 用不定式做定语. He will write more books in the years to come.
forget to do 忘记要做某事
forget doing 忘记做过了某事 remember to do 记得要做某事
remember doing 记得做过了某事 stop to do 停下(某事)去做某事 stop doing 把某事停下来
go on doing 继续做同一件事
go on to do
It is useful for you to learn some spoken English.
It is very kind of you to come here. It is foolish of him to do such a thing. It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.
1) adj.做表语.常见的adj.有important, difficult, easy, hard, possible, impossible等 Eg. It is impossible to do it well. It’s easy to get the work finished before five. 2)V.做谓语.常见的v.有take, require, need, cost, amuse, delight, irritate(激怒), annoy(打扰,扰乱) Eg. It took us three hours to finish the work. It requires another three persons to do the work.
3) n.做表语.
Eg. It’s a great pleasure to help you.
It’s an honour to be invited to you birthday party.
It’s a good idea to do the work in another way. 动名词做主语时,it也可作形式主语.用于这种形 式的是一些特定的adj.和n.,但这类次较少.adj.: enjoyable, good, worthwhile, nice ,worth, useless, 等;n.: no use, no good, fun, a hard/difficult job, a wonder, a waste of time 等
当名词被the first ,the last以及the only 等序数词 以及形容词最高级修饰时,常用不定式作定语,而 不管动作是否已完成.
He is the only person to know the truth.
She is always the first to come and the last to leave.
在某些形容词如clever, good ,nice, kind ,foolish, careless, right, wrong, rude, impolite等词之后的不定式前,常加of短语,这 是对人做某事的赞扬,责备或感激等。
动词不定式(短语)做主语时,可用it做形 式主语,通常是一些特定的形容词,动词 和名词.
Eg. It’s worthwhile doing it.
It’s no use doing it.
It’s a waste of time trying to persuade him not to smoke.
作宾语
I’m preparing to take the examination next week. When the boy was only four, his father decided to make an artist of him.
主动语态
现 在 分 词 一般式 完成式 doing having done \
被动语态
being done having been
过去分词
done done
作主语:
To obey law is everyone’s duty. To do such things is foolish.
不定式作主语时,谓语用单数,为了平衡句子, 通常用it作形式主语,构成句型: It’s +n.(adj.)+ for(of) sb. +to do sth.
解释: 1. 独立主格结构中,如果使用 “独立主语 + 介宾”且介词是in时, 则其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分 (如物主代词或冠词),也不用复数。 但with的复合结构不受此限制。 2. 所 以如果使用独立主格结构,答案为: Stick in hand; 而如果使用with的复 合结构,则答案为:With sticks in their hands. 3. 综上所述,正确答案 为A。
He had no choice but to wait.
He could do nothing but wait.
作表语
不定式:具体的,将要发生的动作
动名词:抽象的,习惯性的动作
分词: 现在分词:令人...的 过去分词:感到...的 The situation is encouraging.
He felt encouraged by the teacher’s words.
动名词 主语
动词不定 式
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
分词
宾语
表语 定语 状语 补语
动词不定式的基本形式
主动语态
一般式 完成式 进行式 to do to have done to be doing
被动语态 to be done
to have been done \ \
完成进行式 to have been doing
分词的基本形式
1.( ),the girl raced on to the second runners. A. stick in hand B. With a stick in her hand C. Sticks in hand D. Sticks in hands 问题补充: .( ),the girls raced on to the second runners. A. stick in hand B. With a stick in her hand C. Sticks in hand D. Sticks in hands
She looked disappointed.
The news is very disappointing.
Our work is serving the people. His hobby is collecting stamps.
做定语
不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后.
She was very busy and had no time to visit her friends. Ladies and gentlemen ,I have something important to tell you .
regret to do
继续做另一件事 遗憾地要做某事
regret doing 后悔做了某事 can’t help to do不能帮助做某事 can’t help 情不自禁做某事 doing 注意:这组短语后接不定式时一般表示将 来,此动作还没有发生;而接动名词时, 常表示过去,此动作发生在过去
need, require, want译作“需要”时,跟 v-ing作宾语,主动表被动,相当于to be done.
个别介词例外: 需要注意的是,此句型中but/
except 前必须要有实义动词do时,but / except 后的不定式to才能省略,否则to则不省.我们用一
句话概括就是:
有do无to,有 to无 do.
She has no choice but to wait for the news. There was nothing she could do but cry.
The students are preparing for the examination to take place soon.
分词做定语:
分词前置: 单个的分词做定语
To find out who stole the money is not easy. It’s not easy (for you )to find out who stole the money.
如果要表示不定式动作的执行者,要在不定式 短语前加上一个for sb.的短语,语法上称为 不定式的复合结构.
People are beginning to take some measures to stop pollution.