物理化学知识点(英文)
物理化学英文课件
500
y'
0
y"
-500
-10
-5
0
5
10
x
Inflection Points
At the inflection point x0
dy 0 dx xx0
and
d2y dx 2
xx0
0
Carbon Dioxide Critical Isotherm
600
304 K
500
400
300 Ideal Gas
• molar volume
Vm= V/n
1m
1m 1m
• Force/Area
Pressure
• units
– Pascal = Newton/m2 = Joule/m3
h
– atmosphere = 101325 Pa
– bar = 100000 Pa
– mm Hg
– torr
Temperature
• Advantages
– fits gas data as accurately as desired. – uses the ideal gas law as a base.
• Disadvantages
– infinite number of terms. – virial coefficients are temperature dependent.
a (dm6 atm mole-1) b (dm mole-1)
He
0.034
0.0237
Ar
1.345
0.0322
N2
1.390
O2
1.360
CO2 3.592
物理化学英语词汇
物理化学英语词汇分布 distribution分布数 distribution numbers分解电压 decomposition voltage分配定律 distribution law分散系统 disperse system分散相 dispersion phase分体积 partial volume分体积定律 partial volume law分压 partial pressure分压定律 partial pressure law分子反应力学 mechanics of molecular reactions分子间力 intermolecular force分子蒸馏molecular distillation封闭系统 closed system附加压力 excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式 Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption 负极 negative pole负吸附 negative adsorption复合反应composite reaction盖·吕萨克定律 Gay-Lussac law盖斯定律 Hess law甘汞电极 calomel electrode感胶离子序 lyotropic series杠杆规则 lever rule高分子溶液 macromolecular solution高会溶点 upper consolute point隔离法the isolation method格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律 Grotthus-Draoer’s law隔离系统 isolated system根均方速率 root-mean-square speed功 work功函work content共轭溶液 conjugate solution共沸温度 azeotropic temperature构型熵configurational entropy孤立系统 isolated system固溶胶 solid sol固态混合物 solid solution固相线 solid phase line光反应 photoreaction光化学第二定律 the second law of actinochemistry光化学第一定律 the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应 photosensitized reactions光谱熵 spectrum entropy广度性质 extensive property广延量 extensive quantity广延性质 extensive property规定熵 stipulated entropy过饱和溶液 oversaturated solution过饱和蒸气 oversaturated vapor过程 process过渡状态理论 transition state theory过冷水 super-cooled water过冷液体 overcooled liquid过热液体 overheated liquid亥姆霍兹函数 Helmholtz function亥姆霍兹函数判据 Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍兹自由能 Helmholtz free energy亥氏函数 Helmholtz function焓 enthalpy亨利常数 Henry constant亨利定律 Henry law恒沸混合物 constant boiling mixture恒容摩尔热容 molar heat capacity at constant volume恒容热 heat at constant volume恒外压 constant external pressure恒压摩尔热容 molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒压热 heat at constant pressure化学动力学chemical kinetics化学反应计量式 stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数 stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction 化学反应进度 extent of chemical reaction化学亲合势 chemical affinity化学热力学chemical thermodynamics化学势 chemical potential化学势判据 chemical potential criterion化学吸附 chemisorptions环境 environment环境熵变 entropy change in environment挥发度volatility混合熵 entropy of mixing混合物 mixture活度 activity活化控制 activation control活化络合物理论 activated complex theory。
化学专业英语词汇表
化学专业英语词汇表本文介绍了化学专业需要用到的英语词汇，包括基础的化学术语、常用的化学分支、常用的化学实验和常用的化学反应。
文章采用表格形式列出了中文和英文对照的词汇，并给出了一些例句和注释，以便于理解和记忆。
文章的目的是帮助化学专业的学生和研究者提高英语水平，更好地阅读和撰写化学相关的文献和报告。
一、基础化学术语中文英文例句或注释化学chemistry Chemistry is the science of matter and its transformations. 化学是研究物质及其变化的科学。
元素element An element is a substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances bychemical means. 元素是一种不能通过化学手段分解为更简单物质的物质。
原子atom An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of thatelement. 原子是元素的最小单位，保持了该元素的化学性质。
原子核nucleus The nucleus is the central part of an atom, containing protons and neutrons. 原子核是原子的中心部分，包含了质子和中子。
质子proton A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle, found in the nucleus of an atom. 质子是一种带正电的亚原子粒子，存在于原子核中。
中子neutron A neutron is a neutrally charged subatomic particle, found in the nucleus of an atom. 中子是一种不带电的亚原子粒子，存在于原子核中。
初中物理化学英语名词汇总
初中化学英语名词explosion[ɪk'sploʒən]爆炸(=burst,联系时政)saturated['sætʃə,retɪd]solution[sə'luʃən]饱和溶液unsaturated solution不饱和溶液pure [pjur] substance ['sʌbstəns]纯净物catalyst ['kætəlɪst]催化剂deliquesce[,dɛlə'kwɛs]潮解ozone ['ozon]臭氧electron[ɪ'lɛktrɑn]电子elementary [,ɛlə'mɛntərɪ] substance 单质nitrogen ['naɪtrədʒən]氮气starch [stɑrtʃ]淀粉protein ['protiɪn]蛋白质carbon ['kɑrbən] dioxide [daɪ'ɑksaɪd]二氧化碳steel 钢preparation [,prɛpə'reʃən] of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳制法gold 金properties ['prɑpɚ taɪs] of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳性质air 空气use of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳用途molecule ['mɑlə,kjul]分子phenolphthalein['finɔl'θælin]酚酞reactant [rɪ'æktənt]反应物non-metal element ['ɛləmənt]非金属元素chemical change 化学变化decomposition [,dikɑmpə'zɪʃən] reaction[rɪ'ækʃən]分解反应alloy ['ælɔɪ]合金double decomposition reaction复分解反应valence ['veləns]化合价compound['kɑmpaund] fertilizer ['fɝtl,aɪzɚ]复合肥料mixture['mɪkstʃɚ]混合物composite [kəm'pɑzɪt] materials[met'raɪəls]复合材料nuclear ['njuklɪɚ] change 核电荷chemical property ['prɑpɚtɪ]化学性质chemical formula['fɔrmjələ]化学式compound ['kɑmpaund]化合物chemical equation [ɪ'kweʃən]化学方程式combination [,kɑmbə'neʃən] reaction 化学反应coal 煤slow oxidation[,ɑksə'deʃən]缓慢氧化reduction[rɪ'dʌkʃən] reaction 还原反应fossil['fɑs!] fuel['fjuəl]化石燃料synthetic[sɪn'θɛtɪk] rubber['rʌbɚ]合成橡胶synthetic[sɪn'θɛtɪk] fiber['faɪbɚ]合成纤维chemical fertilizer['fɝtl,aɪzɚ] 化学肥料metal element金属元素crystal ['krɪst!]晶体crystallization[,krɪst!ɪ'zeʃən]结晶alkali['ælkə,laɪ]结晶diamond ['daɪəmənd]金刚石methane['mɛθen]甲烷methanol['mɛθə,nol]甲醇composition of air 空气的组成air pollution 空气污染liquefaction[,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən]of air 空气液化separation[,sɛpə'reʃən]of air 空气分离mineral['mɪnərəl]矿物（新概念词汇）ion['aɪən]离子sulphuric acid ['æsɪd]硫酸（acid酸，新概念词汇）extinguisher [ɪk'stɪŋgwɪʃɚ]灭火器sodium['sodɪəm]chloride['sodɪəm]氯酸钠aluminium[,æljə'mɪnɪəm]铝pesticide ['pɛstɪ,saɪd]农药nano-materials[mə'tɪrɪəls]纳米农药glucose['glukos]葡萄糖hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒən]氢气properties of hydrogen 氢气的性质hydrochloric acid 氢气酸sodium ['sodɪəm] hydroxide [haɪ'drɑks,aɪd]氢氧化钠combustion [kəm'bʌstʃən]燃烧calcium ['kælsɪəm] hydroxide 氢氧化钙dissolved[kəm'bʌstʃən]溶解solution[sə'luʃən]溶液solvent['sɑlvənt]溶剂solute[sɑ'ljut]溶质solubility [,sɑljə'bɪlətɪ]溶解度solubility curve [kɝv]溶解度曲线mass fraction ['frækʃən] of solute 溶质质量分数emulsion [ɪ'mʌlʃən]乳浊液pig iron ['aɪɚn]生铁product ['prɑdəkt]生成物acid ['æsɪd]酸acidity [ə'sɪdətɪ] and basicity [be'sɪsətɪ]酸碱度water 水composition of water 水的组成water pollution 水的污染graphite['græfaɪt]石墨acid rain酸雨litmus['lɪtməs]石蕊food additive ['ædətɪv]食品添加剂petroleum[pə'trolɪəm]石油plastics['plæstɪks]塑料carbon碳properties of carbon 碳的性质carbohydrate['kɑrbə'haɪdret]碳水化合物iron['aɪɚn]铁sodium carbonate ['kɑrbə,net]碳酸钠nature gas 天然气physical ['fɪzɪk!] change 物理变化physical property物理性质amorphous [ə'mɔrfəs] carbon 无定形碳vitamin['vaɪtəmɪn]维生素greenhouse effect [ɪ'fɛkt]温室效应copper['kɑpɚ]洞relative ['rɛlətɪv] atomic [ə'tɑmɪk] mass 相对原子质量rust [rʌst]铁锈relative molecular [mə'lɛkjəlɚ] mass 相对分子质量rare[rɛr] gas 稀有气体nitric ['naɪtrɪk] acid 硝酸atom ['ætəm]原子atomic [ə'tɑmɪk]structure ['strʌktʃɚ]原子结构atomic nucleus ['njuklɪəs]原子核anion ['æn,aɪən]阳离子cation ['kætaɪən]阴离子element 元素symbols['sɪmb!s] for elements元素符号periodic [,pɪrɪ'ɑdɪk] table of the elements 元素周期表salt [sɔlt]盐atomic group [grup]原子团oxidation [,ɑksə'deʃən] reaction[rɪ'ækʃən]氧化反应oxide [rɪ'ækʃən]氧化物oxygen['ɑksədʒən]氧气preparation of oxygen 氧气的制法properties of oxygen 氧气的性质use of oxygen 氧气的性质drinking water 饮用水hard water 硬水carbon monoxide[mɑn'ɑksaɪd]一氧化碳properties of carbon monoxide 一氧化碳的性质drug 药品organic [ɔr'gænɪk] compound ['kɑmpaund]有机物acetic [ə'sitɪk] acia乙酸ethanol ['ɛθə,nol]乙醇nutrient ['njutrɪənt]营养品oil 油proton['protɑn]质子neutron['njutrɑn]中子displacement reaction [rɪ'ækʃən]置换反应law of conservation [,kɑnsɚ'veʃən] of mass 质量守恒定律fat脂肪neutralization [,nutrələ'zeʃən] reaction 中和反应sucrose ['sjukros]蔗糖autoignition 自燃indicator ['ɪndə,ketɚ]指示剂alkali['ælkə,laɪ]碱reactive[rɪ'æktɪv]活泼react[rɪ'ækt]反应filter['fɪltɚ]过滤filtrate['fɪltret]滤液test [tɛst] tube[tjub]试管spirit lamp酒精灯chemical apparatus[,æpə'retəs]化学仪器dropper['drɑpɚ]滴管asbestos [æs'bɛstəs] network['nɛt,wɝk]石棉网Set cylinder['sɪlɪndɚ]集气瓶Glass rod[rɑd]玻璃棒Condenser冷凝管jar [dʒɑr]广口瓶Flask锥形瓶Rubber plug[plʌg]橡皮塞Medicine spoon药匙Filter paper滤纸Forceps镊子Crucible tongs[tɔŋz]坩埚钳beaker['bikɚ]烧杯Graduated cylinder['sɪlɪndɚ]量筒Particle['pɑrtɪk!]微粒light点燃Electrolysis电解Heating加热Molecule[mə'lɛkj ul]分子Sink水槽Boiled煮沸Thermometer['θɝmə,græf]温度计liquefaction[,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən]液化vaporize['vepə,raɪz]汽化solidify[sə'lɪdə,faɪ]凝固condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝华sublime[sə'blaɪm]升华melt[mɛlt]熔化evaporate[ɪ'væpə,ret]蒸发alum ['æləm]明矾Conductive[kən'dʌktɪv]导电Solid固态Battery['bætərɪ]干电池Diamond钻石Alcohol['ælkə,hɔl]酒精dry ice干冰Vapor ['vepɚ]汽态Liquid ['lɪkwɪd] state[stet]液态rust[rʌst]铁锈Liquid ['lɪkwɪd]液体Reduction[rɪ'dʌkʃən] reaction还原反应Dissolve[dɪ'zɑlv]溶解Peroxide[pə'rɑksaɪd]过氧化氢acetic [ə'sitɪk] acid醋酸Potassium [pə'tæsɪəm] permanganate[pɝ'mæŋgə,net]高锰酸钾Biological [,baiə'lɔdʒikəl] Trace Element生物微量元素Caustic ['kɔstɪk]soda烧碱（soda苏打）- Soda ash[æʃ]纯碱Hydrated ['haɪdretɪd] lime[laɪm]熟石灰Quicklime ['kwɪk,laɪm]生石灰Limestone石灰石Activated ['æktə,vetɪd] Carbon活性炭Soda苏打Baking soda小苏打dilute [daɪ'lut]稀释carbonic [kɑr'bɑnɪk] acid碳酸nitric ['naɪtrɪk] acid硝酸sulfuric [sʌl'fjurɪk] acid硫酸hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒən]氢nitrogen ['naɪtrədʒən]氮sodium ['sodɪəm]钠magnesium ['mæg'niʃɪəm]镁aluminum [ə'lumɪnəm]铝phosphorous ['fɑsfərəs]磷sulfur ['sʌlfɚ]硫chlorine ['klorin]氯potassium [pə'tæsɪəm]钾calcium ['kælsɪəm]钙titanium [taɪ'tenɪəm]钛iron ['aɪɚn]铁copper ['kɑpɚ]铜zinc [zɪŋk]锌silver ['sɪlvɚ]银iodine ['aɪə,daɪn]碘初中物理英语名词mechanical motion['moʃən]机械运动motion运动reference['rɛfərəns] object 参照物rest静止velocity[və'lɑsətɪ]速度sound 声音uniform rectilinear[,rɛktə'lɪnɪɚ] motion 匀速直线运动variable['vɛrɪəb!]rectilinear motion 变速直线运动musical sound 乐音noise 噪音pitch[pɪtʃ]音调（frequently频繁的）frequency['frikwənsɪ]频率loudness 响度musical quality['kwɑlətɪ]音色ultrasound：['ʌltrə,saund]超声infrasonic sound[,ɪnfrə'sɑnɪk]次声light 光reflection[rɪ'flɛkʃən]of light 光的反射mirror reflection 镜面反射diffuse[dɪ'fjuz] reflection 漫反射refraction [rɪ'frækʃən] of light 光的折射conves ['kɑnvɛks]lens [lɛnz] 凸透镜concave ['kɑnkev] lens凹透镜convergent[kən'vɝdʒənt] lens 汇聚透镜(凸透镜) divergent [daɪ'vɝdʒənt] lens 发散透镜（凹透镜）force[fors]力elastic [ɪ'læstɪk] force 弹力gravity['grævətɪ]重力weight [wet]物重（重力）center of gravity重心sliding['slaɪdɪŋ] frictional['frɪkʃənəl] force滑动摩擦力Newton’s first law 牛顿第一定律inertia[ɪn'ɝʃə]惯性mass[mæs] 质量density['dɛnsətɪ]密度buoyancy['bɔɪənsɪ] force浮力pressure ['prɛʃɚ]压力（相同，注意理解）pressure压强atmospheric [,ætməs'fɛrɪk] pressure 气压standard atmospheric pressure 标准大气压lever['lɛvɚ]杠杆fixed pulley['pulɪ]定滑轮movable ['muvəb!]pulley动滑轮mechanicl work 机械功power功率mechanicl efficiency[ɪ'fɪʃənsɪ]机械效率kinetic energy：[kɪ'nɛtɪk]动能energy 能量potential energy[pə'tɛnʃəl]势能mechanicl energy 机械能crystal['krɪst!]晶体noncrystal非晶体melt ing['mɛltɪŋ]熔化melting point [pɔɪnt] 熔点vaporization [,vepərə'zeʃən]汽化boiling ['bɔɪlɪŋ]沸腾vaporation蒸发sublimation[,sʌblə'meʃən]升华solidification[sə,lɪdəfə'keʃən]凝固solidifying：[sə'lɪdə,faɪ] point 凝固点liquefaction[,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən] 液化condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝华internal [ɪn'tɝn!] energy 内能heat quantity：['kwɑntətɪ]热量specific[spɪ'sɪfɪk] heat capacity [kə'pæsətɪ]比热容heat engine ['ɛndʒən]热机internal-combustion[kəm'bʌstʃən] engine 内燃机electric [ɪ'lɛktrɪk] charge [tʃɑrdʒ]电荷positive ['pɑzətɪv] charge 正电荷negative ['nɛgətɪv] charge 负电荷series['siriz] connection [kə'nɛkʃən]串联parallel['pærə,lɛl]connection并联electric current ['kɝənt] 电流ampere [æm'pɪr]安培voltage ['voltɪdʒ]电压volt福特ohm‘s law 欧姆定律electric power 电功率rated ['retɪd] voltage 额定电压rated current 额定电流rated power 额定功率electromagnetic [ɪ'lɛktromæg'nɛtɪk] induction [ɪn'dʌkʃən]电磁感应现象induced electric current感应电流lightguide[laɪtgaɪd] fiber ['faɪbɚ]光导纤维elasticity[ɪ,læs'tɪsətɪ]弹性hardness硬度ducility延展性chemical energy 化学能nuclear ['njuklɪɚ] energy 核能law of conservation[,kɑnsɚ'veʃən] of energy 能量守恒定律renewable [rɪ'njuəb!]energy source [sors]可再生能源（注意“核-nuclear”-联系时政）nonrenewable energy source 不可再生能源nuclear fission ['fɪʃən]核裂变nuclear fusion['fjuʒən] 核聚变geothermal [,dʒio'θɝm!] energy地热能tidal ['taɪd!]energy 潮汐能wind energy 风能angle['æŋg!]of emergence [ɪ'mɝdʒəns]出射角light beam[bim]光束/光柱angle of incidence ['ɪnsədns]入射角light ray 光线angle of reflection [rɪ'flɛkʃən]反射角light source[sors]光源angle of refraction[rɪ'frækʃən]折射角mains frequency ['frikwənsɪ]市电频率apparent [ə'pærənt] depth [dɛpθ]视深medium['midɪəm]介质binoculars[bɪ'nɑkjəlɚs]双筒望远（新概念词汇）boiler['bɔɪlɚ]锅炉microwave ['maɪkro,wev]微波mirage[mə'rɑʒ]海市蜃楼，蜃景Celsius temperature scale[skel]摄氏温标mirror 镜change of state 物态变化multiple ['mʌltəp!]image['ɪmɪdʒ]复像multiple reflection 多次反射condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝结，凝聚mutually ['mjutʃuəlɪ] perpendicular[,pɝpən'dɪkjəlɚ]互相垂直的colour 颜色condensation[,kɑndɛn'seʃən] point 凝点，凝结点normal 法线coolant['kulənt]冷却剂object 物，物体cooling curve[kɝv]冷却曲object distance 物距critical ['krɪtɪk!]angle 临界optical ['ɑptɪk!] fibre ['faɪbɚ]光导纤维，光纤degree [dɪ'gri]度optical ['ɑptɪk!] illusion [ɪ'ljuʒən]光幻象，视错觉degree Celsius（ce ntigrade）摄氏度optically ['ɑptɪklɪ] dense medium['midɪəm]光密介质deviation[,divɪ'eʃən]偏向，偏差optically less dense[dɛns] medium 光疏介质物理学physics 误差error 游码rider测量measure (vt.) 实验experiment 温度计temperature长度length 实验室laboratory 摄氏度degree centigrade单位unit 面积area 温度计thermometer千米kilometer 平方米square meter 体温计clinical thermometer 米meter 体积volume 时间time分米decimeter 立方米cubic meter 小时hour厘米centimeter 升Liter 分钟minute毫米millimeter 毫升Milliliter 秒second微米micron 质量mass 毫秒millisecond纳米nanometer 吨ton 停表stop watch测量工具measuring tool 千克kilogram 力force刻度尺meter ruler 克gram 牛顿Newton最小刻度division value 毫克milligram 测力计dynamometer零刻度线zero graduation line 天平balance 弹簧秤spring balance 测量范围measuring range 砝码weightsⅡ、运动（simple motion）相对运动relative motion 方向direction 路程path静止rest 直线运动rectilinear motion 速度velocity参照物reference 曲线运动curvilinear motion变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion位置position 匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion平均速度average velocityⅢ、热（heat）分子molecules 熔化melting 液化liquefaction分子运动molecular motion 熔点melting point 升华sublimation扩散diffusion 凝固solidification 凝华condensation排斥力repulsive force 凝固点solidifying point 冰箱refrigerator吸引力attractive force 晶体crystal 热传递heat transfer物质substance 非晶体noncrystal 热传导heat conduction物体object 吸收absorb(v.) 热对流heat convection状态state 放出release(v.) 热辐射heat radiation固体solid 汽化vaporization 热量heat液体liquid 蒸发evaporation 比热（容）specific heat （capacity）气体gas 沸腾boiling物态变化state transformation 沸点boiling pointⅠⅠ、光（light）光源light source 入射角incident angle 焦距focal length光的直线传播rectilinear propagationof light反射角reflection angle 会聚converge(v.)小孔成像image byping hole 镜面反射mirror reflection发散diverge(v.)日食solar eclipse 漫反射diffuse reflection 光屏（屏幕）screen月食lunar eclipse 平面镜plane mirror 照相机camera光速velocity of light 潜望镜periscope 幻灯机slide projector真空vacuum 蜡烛candle 电影放映机film projector空气air 光的折射refractionof light 放大镜magnifier玻璃glass 折射光线refracted ray 倒立的inverted水water 折射角refraction angle 正立的erected均匀介质well-distributed medium 透镜lens 缩小的reduced光的反射reflectionof light 凸透镜convex lens 放大的amplified反射定律reflection law 凹透镜concave lens 实像real image入射光线incident ray （主）光轴principal optical axis虚像virtual image反射光线reflected ray 光心optical centerof lens 海市蜃楼mirage法线normal 焦点focus 光的色散dispersion of lightⅤ、磁（magnetism）磁体magnet 小磁针magneticneedle 磁场magnetic field天然磁体natural magnet 磁极magnetic pole地磁场geomagnetic field人造磁体man-made magnet 南极north pole电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current条形磁铁bar magnet 北极South pole 磁感线magnetic induction line 蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet 磁化magnetization 电磁铁electromagnet三、声音（sound）振动vibrate 声波wave of sound 振幅amplitude介质medium 音调pitch 噪音noise传播travel 响度loudness 乐音voice声速velocity of sound 音色musical quality 分贝decibel（dB）回声echo 频率frequency四、力（force）重力gravity 惯性inertia 动力motive force重心center of gravity 平衡equilibrium 阻力resistance摩擦力friction force 压强pressure 动力臂power arm滑动摩擦sliding friction 帕斯卡Pascal(Pa) 阻力臂resisting arm 滚动摩擦rolling friction 液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦static friction 大气压强atmosphericof pressure 滑轮pulley 压力pressure force 标准大气压standardatmospherepressure定滑轮fixed pulley浮力buoyancy force 气压计barometer 动滑轮movable pulley力的图示force diagram 托里拆利Torricelli 滑轮组pulley block 力的大小magnitude of force 阿基米德原理Archimedes principle 功work力的方向direction of force 密度density 功率power力的作用点acting point of force 潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanical efficiency合力resultant force 热气球fire balloon 有用功useful work分力component force 飞艇airship 额外功extra wok力的合成composition of forces 简单机械simple mechanics总功total work形变deformation 杠杆lever 斜面inclined plane牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law 支点pivot五、电（electricity）电荷electric charge 正极positive plate 电压voltage带电体charged body 负极negative plate 伏特V olt摩擦起电electrificationby friction 电路electric circuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positive charge 通路closed circuit 电阻resistance负电荷negative charge 开路open circuit 欧姆Ohm导体conductor 短路short circuit 变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator 电路图circuit map 滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat 半导体semiconductor 串联series connection 欧姆定律Oh m’s law 电源power source 并联parallel connection 电功electric work导线wire 电量electric quantity 电功率electric power电键key(switch) 电流electric current 额定电压rated voltage干电池dry cell 安培Ampere 额定电功率rated power蓄电池storage plate 安培计ammeter。
初中物理化学英语名词汇总
化学中的英语单词explosion[ɪk'sploʒən]爆炸(=burst,联系时政)saturated['sætʃə,retɪd] solution[sə'luʃən]饱和溶液unsaturated solution不饱和溶液pure [pjur] substance ['sʌbstəns]纯净物catalyst ['kætəlɪst]催化剂deliquesce[,dɛlə'kwɛs]潮解ozone ['ozon]臭氧 electron[ɪ'lɛktrɑn]电子elementary [,ɛlə'mɛntərɪ] substance 单质nitrogen ['naɪtrədʒən]氮气starch [stɑrtʃ]淀粉protein ['protiɪn]蛋白质 carbon ['kɑrbən] dioxide [daɪ'ɑksaɪd]二氧化碳steel 钢preparation [,prɛpə'reʃən] of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳制法 gold 金properties ['prɑpɚ taɪs] of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳性质 air 空气use of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳用途molecule ['mɑlə,kjul]分子phenolphthalein['finɔl'θælin]酚酞reactant [rɪ'æktənt]反应物non-metal element ['ɛləmənt]非金属元素chemical change 化学变化decomposition [,dikɑmpə'zɪʃən] reaction[rɪ'ækʃən]分解反应alloy ['ælɔɪ]合金double decomposition reaction复分解反应valence ['veləns]化合价compound['kɑmpaund] fertilizer ['fɝtl,aɪzɚ]复合肥料 mixture['mɪkstʃɚ]混合物composite [kəm'pɑzɪt] materials[met'raɪəls]复合材料 nuclear ['njuklɪɚ] change 核电荷chemical property ['prɑpɚtɪ]化学性质chemical formula['fɔrmjələ]化学式compound ['kɑmpaund]化合物chemical equation [ɪ'kweʃən]化学方程式 combination [,kɑmbə'neʃən] reaction 化学反应 coal 煤slow oxidation[,ɑksə'deʃən]缓慢氧化reduction[rɪ'dʌkʃən] reaction 还原反应fossil['fɑs!] fuel['fjuəl]化石燃料 synthetic[sɪn'θɛtɪk] rubber['rʌbɚ]合成橡胶synthetic[sɪn'θɛtɪk] fiber['faɪbɚ]合成纤维 chemical fertilizer['fɝtl,aɪzɚ] 化学肥料metal element金属元素crystal ['krɪst!]晶体crystallization[,krɪst!ɪ'zeʃən]结晶alkali['ælkə,laɪ]结晶diamond ['daɪəmənd]金刚石methane['mɛθen]甲烷methanol['mɛθə,nol]甲醇composition of air 空气的组成air pollution 空气污染liquefaction [,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən] of air 空气液化separation[,sɛpə'reʃən] of air 空气分离mineral['mɪnərəl]矿物（新概念词汇）ion['aɪən]离子sulphuric acid ['æsɪd]硫酸（acid酸，新概念词汇） extinguisher [ɪk'stɪŋgwɪʃɚ]灭火器sodium['sodɪəm]chloride['sodɪəm]氯酸钠aluminium[,æljə'mɪnɪəm]铝pesticide ['pɛstɪ,saɪd]农药nano-materials[mə'tɪrɪəls]纳米农药glucose['glukos]葡萄糖hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒən]氢气properties of hydrogen 氢气的性质hydrochloric acid 氢气酸sodium ['sodɪəm] hydroxide [haɪ'drɑks,aɪd]氢氧化钠combustion [kəm'bʌstʃən]燃烧calcium ['kælsɪəm] hydroxide 氢氧化钙dissolved[kəm'bʌstʃən]溶解solution[sə'luʃən]溶液solvent['sɑlvənt]溶剂solute[sɑ'ljut]溶质 solubility [,sɑljə'bɪlətɪ]溶解度solubility curve [kɝv]溶解度曲线mass fraction ['frækʃən] of solute 溶质质量分数emulsion [ɪ'mʌlʃən]乳浊液pig iron ['aɪɚn]生铁product ['prɑdəkt]生成物 acid ['æsɪd]酸acidity [ə'sɪdətɪ] and basicity [be'sɪsətɪ]酸碱度water 水composition of water 水的组成water pollution 水的污染graphite['græfaɪt]石墨acid rain酸雨litmus['lɪtməs]石蕊food additive ['ædətɪv]食品添加剂petroleum[pə'trolɪəm]石油plastics['plæstɪks]塑料carbon碳properties of carbon 碳的性质carbohydrate['kɑrbə'haɪdret]碳水化合物iron['aɪɚn]铁sodium carbonate ['kɑrbə,net]碳酸钠nature gas 天然气physical ['fɪzɪk!] change 物理变化physical property物理性质amorphous [ə'mɔrfəs] carbon 无定形碳 vitamin['vaɪtəmɪn]维生素greenhouse effect [ɪ'fɛkt]温室效应copper['kɑpɚ]洞relative ['rɛlətɪv] atomic [ə'tɑmɪk] mass 相对原子质量rust [rʌst]铁锈relative molecular [mə'lɛkjəlɚ] mass 相对分子质量rare[rɛr] gas 稀有气体nitric ['naɪtrɪk] acid 硝酸atom ['ætəm]原子atomic [ə'tɑmɪk]structure ['strʌktʃɚ]原子结构atomic nucleus ['njuklɪəs]原子核anion ['æn,aɪən]阳离子cation ['kætaɪən]阴离子element 元素symbols['sɪmb!s] for elements元素符号periodic [,pɪrɪ'ɑdɪk] table of the elements 元素周期表 salt [sɔlt]盐atomic group [grup]原子团oxidation [,ɑksə'deʃən] reaction[rɪ'ækʃən]氧化反应oxide [rɪ'ækʃən]氧化物oxygen['ɑksədʒən]氧气preparation of oxygen 氧气的制法properties of oxygen 氧气的性质use of oxygen 氧气的性质drinking water 饮用水hard water 硬水carbon monoxide[mɑn'ɑksaɪd]一氧化碳properties of carbon monoxide 一氧化碳的性质drug 药品organic [ɔr'gænɪk] compound ['kɑmpaund]有机物acetic [ə'sitɪk] acia乙酸ethanol ['ɛθə,nol]乙醇nutrient ['njutrɪənt]营养品oil 油proton['protɑn]质子neutron['njutrɑn]中子displacement reaction [rɪ'ækʃən]置换反应law of conservation [,kɑnsɚ'veʃən] of mass 质量守恒定律 fat脂肪neutralization [,nutrələ'zeʃən] reaction 中和反应sucrose ['sjukros]蔗糖autoignition 自燃indicator ['ɪndə,ketɚ]指示剂alkali['ælkə,laɪ]碱reactive[rɪ'æktɪv]活泼react[rɪ'ækt]反应filter['fɪltɚ]过滤filtrate['fɪltret]滤液test [tɛst] tube[tjub]试管spirit lamp酒精灯 chemical apparatus[,æpə'retəs]化学仪器dropper['drɑpɚ]滴管asbestos [æs'bɛstəs] network['nɛt,wɝk]石棉网Set cylinder['sɪlɪndɚ]集气瓶Glass rod[rɑd]玻璃棒Condenser冷凝管jar [dʒɑr]广口瓶Flask锥形瓶Rubber plug[plʌg]橡皮塞Medicine spoon药匙Filter paper滤纸Forceps镊子Crucible tongs[tɔŋz]坩埚钳beaker['bikɚ]烧杯Graduated cylinder['sɪlɪndɚ]量筒Particle['pɑrtɪk!]微粒light点燃Electrolysis电解Heating加热Molecule[mə'lɛkj ul]分子Sink水槽Boiled煮沸Thermometer ['θɝmə,græf]温度计liquefaction[,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən]液化vaporize['vepə,raɪz]汽化solidify[sə'lɪdə,faɪ]凝固condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝华sublime[sə'blaɪm]升华melt[mɛlt]熔化evaporate[ɪ'væpə,ret]蒸发alum ['æləm]明矾Conductive[kən'dʌktɪv]导电Solid固态Battery['bætərɪ]干电池Diamond钻石Alcohol['ælkə,hɔl]酒精dry ice干冰Vapor ['vepɚ]汽态Liquid ['lɪkwɪd] state[stet]液态rust[rʌst]铁锈Liquid ['lɪkwɪd]液体Reduction[rɪ'dʌkʃən] reaction还原反应Dissolve[dɪ'zɑlv]溶解Peroxide[pə'rɑksaɪd]过氧化氢acetic [ə'sitɪk] acid醋酸Potassium [pə'tæsɪəm] permanganate[pɝ'mæŋgə,net]高锰酸钾Biological [,baiə'lɔdʒikəl] Trace Element生物微量元素Caustic ['kɔstɪk]soda烧碱（soda苏打）- Soda ash[æʃ]纯碱Hydrated ['haɪdretɪd] lime[laɪm]熟石灰Quicklime ['kwɪk,laɪm]生石灰Limestone石灰石Activated ['æktə,vetɪd] Carbon活性炭Soda苏打Baking soda小苏打dilute [daɪ'lut]稀释carbonic [kɑr'bɑnɪk] acid碳酸nitric ['naɪtrɪk] acid硝酸sulfuric [sʌl'fjurɪk] acid硫酸hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒən]氢nitrogen ['naɪtrədʒən]氮sodium ['sodɪəm]钠magnesium ['mæg'niʃɪəm]镁aluminum [ə'lumɪnəm]铝phosphorous ['fɑsfərəs]磷sulfur ['sʌlfɚ]硫chlorine ['klorin]氯potassium [pə'tæsɪəm]钾calcium ['kælsɪəm]钙titanium [taɪ'tenɪəm]钛iron ['aɪɚn]铁copper ['kɑpɚ]铜zinc [zɪŋk]锌silver ['sɪlvɚ]银iodine ['aɪə,daɪn]碘初中物理英语名词mechanical motion['moʃən] 机械运动 motion运动 reference['rɛfərəns] object 参照物 rest静止 velocity[və'lɑsətɪ] 速度sound 声音uniform rectilinear[,rɛktə'lɪnɪɚ] motion 匀速直线运动variable['vɛrɪəb!] rectilinear motion 变速直线运动musical sound 乐音noise 噪音pitch[pɪtʃ]音调（frequently频繁的）frequency['frikwənsɪ]频率loudness 响度musical quality['kwɑlətɪ]音色ultrasound：['ʌltrə,saund]超声infrasonic sound[,ɪnfrə'sɑnɪk]次声light 光reflection[rɪ'flɛkʃən] of light 光的反射mirror reflection 镜面反射diffuse[dɪ'fjuz] reflection 漫反射refraction [rɪ'frækʃən] of light 光的折射conves ['kɑnvɛks] lens [lɛnz] 凸透镜concave ['kɑnkev] lens凹透镜convergent[kən'vɝdʒənt] lens 汇聚透镜(凸透镜) divergent [daɪ'vɝdʒənt] lens 发散透镜（凹透镜）force[fors]力elastic[ɪ'læstɪk] force 弹力gravity['grævətɪ]重力 weight [wet]物重（重力）center of gravity重心sliding['slaɪdɪŋ] frictional['frɪkʃənəl] force滑动摩擦力Newton’s first law 牛顿第一定律inertia [ɪn'ɝʃə]惯性mass[mæs] 质量density['dɛnsətɪ]密度buoyancy['bɔɪənsɪ] force浮力pressure ['prɛʃɚ]压力（相同，注意理解）pressure压强atmospheric [,ætməs'fɛrɪk] pressure 气压standard atmospheric pressure 标准大气压lever['lɛvɚ]杠杆fixed pulley['pulɪ]定滑轮movable ['muvəb!] pulley动滑轮mechanicl work 机械功power功率mechanicl efficiency[ɪ'fɪʃənsɪ]机械效率kinetic energy：[kɪ'nɛtɪk]动能energy 能量potential energy[pə'tɛnʃəl]势能mechanicl energy 机械能crystal['krɪst!]晶体noncrystal非晶体melt ing['mɛltɪŋ]熔化melting point [pɔɪnt] 熔点vaporization [,vepərə'zeʃən]汽化 boiling ['bɔɪlɪŋ]沸腾vaporation蒸发sublimation[,sʌblə'meʃən]升华solidification[sə,lɪdəfə'keʃən]凝固solidifying：[sə'lɪdə,faɪ] point 凝固点liquefaction[,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən] 液化condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝华internal [ɪn'tɝn!] energy 内能heat quantity：['kwɑntətɪ] 热量specific[spɪ'sɪfɪk] heat capacity [kə'pæsətɪ]比热容heat engine ['ɛndʒən]热机internal-combustion[kəm'bʌstʃən] engine 内燃机electric [ɪ'lɛktrɪk] charge [tʃɑrdʒ]电荷positive ['pɑzətɪv] charge 正电荷negative ['nɛgətɪv] charge 负电荷series['siriz] connection [kə'nɛkʃən]串联parallel['pærə,lɛl]connection并联 electric current ['kɝənt] 电流ampere [æm'pɪr]安培voltage ['voltɪdʒ]电压volt福特ohm‘s law 欧姆定律electric power 电功率rated ['retɪd] voltage 额定电压rated current 额定电流rated power 额定功率electromagnetic [ɪ'lɛktromæg'nɛtɪk] induction [ɪn'dʌkʃən]电磁感应现象induced electric current感应电流lightguide[laɪtgaɪd] fiber ['faɪbɚ]光导纤维elasticity[ɪ,læs'tɪsətɪ]弹性hardness硬度 ducility延展性chemical energy 化学能nuclear ['njuklɪɚ] energy 核能law of conservation[,kɑnsɚ'veʃən] of energy 能量守恒定律renewable [rɪ'njuəb!] energy source [sors]可再生能源（注意“核-nuclear”-联系时政）nonrenewable energy source 不可再生能源nuclear fission ['fɪʃən]核裂变nuclear fusion['fjuʒən] 核聚变geothermal [,dʒio'θɝm!] energy地热能tidal ['taɪd!] energy 潮汐能wind energy 风能angle ['æŋg!] of emergence[ɪ'mɝdʒəns]出射角light beam[bim]光束/光柱angle of incidence ['ɪnsədns]入射角light ray 光线angle of reflection [rɪ'flɛkʃən]反射角light source[sors]光源angle of refraction[rɪ'frækʃən]折射角mains frequency ['frikwənsɪ]市电频率 apparent [ə'pærənt] depth [dɛpθ]视深medium['midɪəm]介质 binoculars[bɪ'nɑkjəlɚs]双筒望远（新概念词汇）boiler['bɔɪlɚ]锅炉microwave ['maɪkro,wev]微波mirage[mə'rɑʒ]海市蜃楼，蜃景Celsius temperature scale[skel]摄氏温标mirror 镜change of state 物态变化multiple ['mʌltəp!] image['ɪmɪdʒ]复像multiple reflection 多次反射condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝结，凝聚mutually ['mjutʃuəlɪ] perpendicular[,pɝpən'dɪkjəlɚ]互相垂直的colour 颜色condensation[,kɑndɛn'seʃən] point 凝点，凝结点normal 法线coolant['kulənt]冷却剂object 物，物体cooling curve[kɝv]冷却曲 object distance 物距critical ['krɪtɪk!] angle 临界optical ['ɑptɪk!] fibre ['faɪbɚ]光导纤维，光纤degree [dɪ'gri]度optical ['ɑptɪk!] illusion [ɪ'ljuʒən]光幻象，视错觉degree Celsius（ce ntigrade）摄氏度optically ['ɑptɪklɪ] dense medium['midɪəm]光密介质deviation[,divɪ'eʃən]偏向，偏差optically less dense[dɛns] medium 光疏介质。
物理化学知识点(英文)
Physical Chemistryequation of state 状态方程idea /perfect gas 理想气体kinetic theory of gases 气体分子动理论model fitting模型拟合root mean square rate 根均方速率zeroth law of thermodynamics 热力学第零定律translational energy 平动能phase diagram 相图isotherm等温线isobar 等压线distribution function 分布函数most probable rate 最概然速率mathematical average rate 数学平均速率fluctuation 涨落现象free path 自由程mean free path 平均自由程reduced mass 折合质量effusion 隙流law of effusion 隙流定律compressibility factor（Z）压缩因子Boyle temperature Boyle温度Internal pressure 内压力Virial coefficient 维利系数Critical temperature 临界温度Critical point临界点Wilson cloud chamber 威尔逊云雾室reduced pressure、volume、temperature对比压力，体积，温度corresponding state 对比状态law of corresponding state对比状态定律compressibility factor chart压缩因子图potential energy 位能chemical thermodynamics化学热力学classicial thermodynamics 经典热力学phenomenological themodynamics 唯象热力学isolated system 隔离系统closed system 封闭系统open system 敞开系统thermodynamic variable 热力学变量extensive property 广度性质capacity property容量性质intensive property 强度性质thermodynamic equilibrium state 热力学平衡态thermal equilibrium 热动平衡mechanical equilibrium 力学平衡phase equilibrium 相平衡chemical equilibrium 化学平衡state function 状态函数process and path 过程与途径isochore等容线homogeneous system 多组分均相系统heterogeneous system 复相系统isothermal process等温过程isobaric process 等压过程isochoric process 等容过程adiabatic process绝热过程﹪﹪cyclic process环状过程thermodynamic energy 热力学能internal energy 内能first law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first kind of perpetual motion machine 第一类永动机free expansion 自由膨胀quasistatic process 准静态过程reversible process可逆过程irreversible process 不可逆过程reversible cyclic process可逆循环过程enthalpy 焓heat capacity 热容adiabatic process equation 绝热过程方程heat capacity ratio 热容比polytropic process 多方过程efficiency of the heat engine 热机效率transformation coefficient 转换系数coefficient of refrigeration 冷冻系数heat pump热泵throttling process节流过程differential throttling effect 微分节流效应inversion temperature转化温度isenthalpic curve 等焓线inversion curve 转化曲线thermochemistry 热化学chemical affinity 化学亲和力extent of reaction 反应进度molar enthalpy of reaction反应的摩尔焓变stand state 标准态elementary substance 单质standard molar enthalpy of formation标准摩尔生成焓standard molar enthalpy of combustion 标准摩尔燃烧焓second law of thermodynamics 热力学第二定律second kind of perpetual motion machine 第二类永动机heat reservoir 恒温热储器spring 弹簧entropy 熵。
(完整版)物理化学专业英语词汇
一些物理化学专业英语词汇BET公式BET formulaDLVO理论DLVO theoryHLB法hydrophile-lipophile balance methodpVT性质pVT propertyζ电势zeta potential阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro’number阿伏加德罗定律Avogadro law阿累尼乌斯电离理论Arrhenius ionization theory阿累尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation阿累尼乌斯活化能Arrhenius activation energy阿马格定律Amagat law艾林方程Erying equation爱因斯坦光化当量定律Einstein’s law of photochemical equivalence爱因斯坦－斯托克斯方程Einstein-Stokes equation安托万常数Antoine constant安托万方程Antoine equation盎萨格电导理论Onsager’s theory of conductance半电池half cell半衰期half time period饱和液体saturated liquids饱和蒸气saturated vapor饱和吸附量saturated extent of adsorption饱和蒸气压saturated vapor pressure爆炸界限explosion limits比表面功specific surface work比表面吉布斯函数specific surface Gibbs function比浓粘度reduced viscosity标准电动势standard electromotive force标准电极电势standard electrode potential标准摩尔反应焓standard molar reaction enthalpy标准摩尔反应吉布斯函数standard Gibbs function of molar reaction标准摩尔反应熵standard molar reaction entropy标准摩尔焓函数standard molar enthalpy function标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数standard molar Gibbs free energy function 标准摩尔燃烧焓standard molar combustion enthalpy标准摩尔熵standard molar entropy标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation enthalpy标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数standard molar formation Gibbs function标准平衡常数standard equilibrium constant标准氢电极standard hydrogen electrode标准态standard state标准熵standard entropy标准压力standard pressure标准状况standard condition表观活化能apparent activation energy表观摩尔质量apparent molecular weight表观迁移数apparent transference number表面surfaces表面过程控制surface process control表面活性剂surfactants表面吸附量surface excess表面张力surface tension表面质量作用定律surface mass action law波义尔定律Boyle law波义尔温度Boyle temperature波义尔点Boyle point玻尔兹曼常数Boltzmann constant玻尔兹曼分布Boltzmann distribution玻尔兹曼公式Boltzmann formula玻尔兹曼熵定理Boltzmann entropy theorem玻色－爱因斯坦统计Bose-Einstein statistics泊Poise不可逆过程irreversible process不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes 不可逆相变化irreversible phase change布朗运动brownian movement查理定律Charle’s law产率yield敞开系统open system超电势over potential沉降sedimentation沉降电势sedimentation potential沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium触变thixotropy粗分散系统thick disperse system催化剂catalyst单分子层吸附理论mono molecule layer adsorption单分子反应unimolecular reaction单链反应straight chain reactions弹式量热计bomb calorimeter道尔顿定律Dalton law道尔顿分压定律Dalton partial pressure law德拜和法尔肯哈根效应Debye and Falkenhagen effect德拜立方公式Debye cubic formula德拜－休克尔极限公式Debye-Huckel’s limiting equation等焓过程isenthalpic process等焓线isenthalpic line等几率定理theorem of equal probability等温等容位Helmholtz free energy等温等压位Gibbs free energy等温方程equation at constant temperature低共熔点eutectic point低共熔混合物eutectic mixture低会溶点lower consolute point低熔冰盐合晶cryohydric第二类永动机perpetual machine of the second kind第三定律熵third-law entropy第一类永动机perpetual machine of the first kind缔合化学吸附association chemical adsorption电池常数cell constant电池电动势electromotive force of cells电池反应cell reaction电导conductance电导率conductivity电动势的温度系数temperature coefficient of electromotive force 电动电势zeta potential电功electric work电化学electrochemistry电化学极化electrochemical polarization电极电势electrode potential电极反应reactions on the electrode电极种类type of electrodes电解池electrolytic cell电量计coulometer电流效率current efficiency电迁移electro migration电迁移率electromobility电渗electroosmosis电渗析electrodialysis电泳electrophoresis丁达尔效应Dyndall effect定容摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant volume定容温度计Constant voIume thermometer定压摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant pressure定压温度计constant pressure thermometer定域子系统localized particle system动力学方程kinetic equations动力学控制kinetics control独立子系统independent particle system对比摩尔体积reduced mole volume对比体积reduced volume对比温度reduced temperature对比压力reduced pressure对称数symmetry number对行反应reversible reactions对应状态原理principle of corresponding state多方过程polytropic process多分子层吸附理论adsorption theory of multi-molecular layers 二级反应second order reaction二级相变second order phase change法拉第常数faraday constant法拉第定律Faraday’s law反电动势back E.M.F.反渗透reverse osmosis反应分子数molecularity反应级数reaction orders反应进度extent of reaction反应热heat of reaction反应速率rate of reaction反应速率常数constant of reaction rate范德华常数van der Waals constant范德华方程van der Waals equation范德华力van der Waals force范德华气体van der Waals gases范特霍夫方程van’t Hoff equation范特霍夫规则van’t Hoff rule范特霍夫渗透压公式van’t Hoff equation of osmotic pressure 非基元反应non-elementary reactions非体积功non-volume work非依时计量学反应time independent stoichiometric reactions 菲克扩散第一定律Fick’s first law of diffusion沸点boiling point沸点升高elevation of boiling point费米－狄拉克统计Fermi-Dirac statistics分布distribution分布数distribution numbers分解电压decomposition voltage分配定律distribution law分散系统disperse system分散相dispersion phase分体积partial volume分体积定律partial volume law分压partial pressure分压定律partial pressure law分子反应力学mechanics of molecular reactions分子间力intermolecular force分子蒸馏molecular distillation封闭系统closed system附加压力excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption 负极negative pole负吸附negative adsorption复合反应composite reaction盖·吕萨克定律Gay-Lussac law盖斯定律Hess law甘汞电极calomel electrode感胶离子序lyotropic series杠杆规则lever rule高分子溶液macromolecular solution高会溶点upper consolute point隔离法the isolation method格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer’s law隔离系统isolated system根均方速率root-mean-square speed功work功函work content共轭溶液conjugate solution共沸温度azeotropic temperature构型熵configurational entropy孤立系统isolated system固溶胶solid sol固态混合物solid solution固相线solid phase line光反应photoreaction光化学第二定律the second law of actinochemistry光化学第一定律the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应photosensitized reactions光谱熵spectrum entropy广度性质extensive property广延量extensive quantity广延性质extensive property规定熵stipulated entropy过饱和溶液oversaturated solution过饱和蒸气oversaturated vapor过程process过渡状态理论transition state theory过冷水super-cooled water过冷液体overcooled liquid过热液体overheated liquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholtz function亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍兹自由能Helmholtz free energy亥氏函数Helmholtz function焓enthalpy亨利常数Henry constant亨利定律Henry law恒沸混合物constant boiling mixture恒容摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant volume恒容热heat at constant volume恒外压constant external pressure恒压摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒压热heat at constant pressure化学动力学chemical kinetics化学反应计量式stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction 化学反应进度extent of chemical reaction化学亲合势chemical affinity化学热力学chemical thermodynamics化学势chemical potential化学势判据chemical potential criterion化学吸附chemisorptions环境environment环境熵变entropy change in environment挥发度volatility混合熵entropy of mixing混合物mixture活度activity活化控制activation control活化络合物理论activated complex theory活化能activation energy霍根-华森图Hougen-Watson Chart基态能级energy level at ground state基希霍夫公式Kirchhoff formula基元反应elementary reactions积分溶解热integration heat of dissolution吉布斯－杜亥姆方程Gibbs-Duhem equation吉布斯－亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmhotz equation吉布斯函数Gibbs function吉布斯函数判据Gibbs function criterion吉布斯吸附公式Gibbs adsorption formula吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy吉氏函数Gibbs function极化电极电势polarization potential of electrode 极化曲线polarization curves极化作用polarization极限摩尔电导率limiting molar conductivity几率因子steric factor计量式stoichiometric equation计量系数stoichiometric coefficient价数规则rule of valence简并度degeneracy键焓bond enthalpy胶冻broth jelly胶核colloidal nucleus胶凝作用demulsification胶束micelle胶体colloid胶体分散系统dispersion system of colloid胶体化学collochemistry胶体粒子colloidal particles胶团micelle焦耳Joule焦耳-汤姆生实验Joule-Thomson experiment焦耳-汤姆生系数Joule-Thomson coefficient焦耳-汤姆生效应Joule-Thomson effect焦耳定律Joule`s law接触电势contact potential接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process节流膨胀throttling expansion节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion 结线tie line结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption 界面interfaces界面张力surface tension浸湿immersion wetting浸湿功immersion wetting work精馏rectify聚（合）电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value绝对反应速率理论absolute reaction rate theory 绝对熵absolute entropy绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律Kohlrausch’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions 可能的电解质potential electrolyte可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程reversible process可逆过程方程reversible process equation可逆体积功reversible volume work可逆相变reversible phase change克拉佩龙方程Clapeyron equation克劳修斯不等式Clausius inequality克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤control step库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled拉普拉斯方程Laplace’s equation拉乌尔定律Raoult law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula雷利公式Rayleigh equation冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation离解压力dissociation pressure离域子系统non-localized particle systems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation of ion离子的电迁移率mobility of ions离子的迁移数transport number of ions离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas接触电势contact potential接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process节流膨胀throttling expansion节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion结线tie line结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces界面张力surface tension浸湿immersion wetting浸湿功immersion wetting work精馏rectify聚（合）电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value绝对反应速率理论absolute reaction rate theory绝对熵absolute entropy绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律Kohlrausch’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions 可能的电解质potential electrolyte可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程reversible process可逆过程方程reversible process equation可逆体积功reversible volume work可逆相变reversible phase change克拉佩龙方程Clapeyron equation克劳修斯不等式Clausius inequality克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤control step库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled拉普拉斯方程Laplace’s equation拉乌尔定律Raoult law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula雷利公式Rayleigh equation冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation离解压力dissociation pressure离域子系统non-localized particle systems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation of ion离子的电迁移率mobility of ions离子的迁移数transport number of ions离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas理想气体的绝热指数adiabatic index of ideal gases理想气体的微观模型micro-model of ideal gas理想气体反应的等温方程isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions理想气体绝热可逆过程方程adiabatic reversible process equation of ideal gases 理想气体状态方程state equation of ideal gas理想稀溶液ideal dilute solution理想液态混合物perfect liquid mixture粒子particles粒子的配分函数partition function of particles连串反应consecutive reactions链的传递物chain carrier链反应chain reactions量热熵calorimetric entropy量子统计quantum statistics量子效率quantum yield临界参数critical parameter临界常数critical constant临界点critical point临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration临界摩尔体积critical molar volume临界温度critical temperature临界压力critical pressure临界状态critical state零级反应zero order reaction流动电势streaming potential流动功flow work笼罩效应cage effect路易斯－兰德尔逸度规则Lewis-Randall rule of fugacity露点dew point露点线dew point line麦克斯韦关系式Maxwell relations麦克斯韦速率分布Maxwell distribution of speeds麦克斯韦能量分布MaxwelIdistribution of energy毛细管凝结condensation in capillary毛细现象capillary phenomena米凯利斯常数Michaelis constant摩尔电导率molar conductivity摩尔反应焓molar reaction enthalpy摩尔混合熵mole entropy of mixing摩尔气体常数molar gas constant摩尔热容molar heat capacity摩尔溶解焓mole dissolution enthalpy摩尔稀释焓mole dilution enthalpy内扩散控制internal diffusions control内能internal energy内压力internal pressure能级energy levels能级分布energy level distribution能量均分原理principle of the equipartition of energy能斯特方程Nernst equation能斯特热定理Nernst heat theorem凝固点freezing point凝固点降低lowering of freezing point凝固点曲线freezing point curve凝胶gelatin凝聚态condensed state凝聚相condensed phase浓差超电势concentration over-potential浓差极化concentration polarization浓差电池concentration cells帕斯卡pascal泡点bubble point泡点线bubble point line配分函数partition function配分函数的析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state碰撞截面collision cross section碰撞数the number of collisions偏摩尔量partial mole quantities平衡常数（理想气体反应）equilibrium constants for reactions of ideal gases平动配分函数partition function of translation平衡分布equilibrium distribution平衡态equilibrium state平衡态近似法equilibrium state approximation平衡状态图equilibrium state diagram平均活度mean activity平均活度系统mean activity coefficient平均摩尔热容mean molar heat capacity平均质量摩尔浓度mean mass molarity平均自由程mean free path平行反应parallel reactions破乳demulsification铺展spreading普遍化范德华方程universal van der Waals equation其它功the other work气化热heat of vaporization气溶胶aerosol气体常数gas constant气体分子运动论kinetic theory of gases气体分子运动论的基本方程foundamental equation of kinetic theory of gases 气溶胶aerosol气相线vapor line迁移数transport number潜热latent heat强度量intensive quantity强度性质intensive property亲液溶胶hydrophilic sol氢电极hydrogen electrodes区域熔化zone melting热heat热爆炸heat explosion热泵heat pump热功当量mechanical equivalent of heat热函heat content热化学thermochemistry热化学方程thermochemical equation热机heat engine热机效率efficiency of heat engine热力学thermodynamics热力学第二定律the second law of thermodynamics热力学第三定律the third law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律the first law of thermodynamics热力学基本方程fundamental equation of thermodynamics热力学几率thermodynamic probability热力学能thermodynamic energy热力学特性函数characteristic thermodynamic function热力学温标thermodynamic scale of temperature热力学温度thermodynamic temperature热熵thermal entropy热效应heat effect熔点曲线melting point curve熔化热heat of fusion溶胶colloidal sol溶解焓dissolution enthalpy溶液solution溶胀swelling乳化剂emulsifier乳状液emulsion润湿wetting润湿角wetting angle萨克尔－泰特洛德方程Sackur-Tetrode equation 三相点triple point三相平衡线triple-phase line熵entropy熵判据entropy criterion熵增原理principle of entropy increase渗透压osmotic pressure渗析法dialytic process生成反应formation reaction升华热heat of sublimation实际气体real gas舒尔采－哈迪规则Schulze-Hardy rule松驰力relaxation force松驰时间time of relaxation速度常数reaction rate constant速率方程rate equations速率控制步骤rate determining step塔费尔公式Tafel equation态－态反应state-state reactions唐南平衡Donnan equilibrium淌度mobility特鲁顿规则Trouton rule特性粘度intrinsic viscosity体积功volume work统计权重statistical weight统计热力学statistic thermodynamics统计熵statistic entropy途径path途径函数path function外扩散控制external diffusion control完美晶体perfect crystalline完全气体perfect gas微观状态microstate微态microstate韦斯顿标准电池Weston standard battery维恩效应Wien effect维里方程virial equation维里系数virial coefficient稳流过程steady flow process稳态近似法stationary state approximation无热溶液athermal solution无限稀溶液solutions in the limit of extreme dilution物理化学Physical Chemistry物理吸附physisorptions吸附adsorption吸附等量线adsorption isostere吸附等温线adsorption isotherm吸附等压线adsorption isobar吸附剂adsorbent吸附量extent of adsorption吸附热heat of adsorption吸附质adsorbate析出电势evolution or deposition potential析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state稀溶液的依数性colligative properties of dilute solutions稀释焓dilution enthalpy系统system系统点system point系统的环境environment of system相phase相变phase change相变焓enthalpy of phase change相变化phase change相变热heat of phase change相点phase point相对挥发度relative volatility相对粘度relative viscosity相律phase rule相平衡热容heat capacity in phase equilibrium相图phase diagram相倚子系统system of dependent particles悬浮液suspension循环过程cyclic process压力商pressure quotient压缩因子compressibility factor压缩因子图diagram of compressibility factor亚稳状态metastable state盐桥salt bridge盐析salting out阳极anode杨氏方程Young’s equation液体接界电势liquid junction potential液相线liquid phase lines一级反应first order reaction一级相变first order phase change依时计量学反应time dependent stoichiometric reactions 逸度fugacity逸度系数coefficient of fugacity阴极cathode荧光fluorescence永动机perpetual motion machine永久气体Permanent gas有效能available energy原电池primary cell原盐效应salt effect增比粘度specific viscosity憎液溶胶lyophobic sol沾湿adhesional wetting沾湿功the work of adhesional wetting真溶液true solution真实电解质real electrolyte真实气体real gas真实迁移数true transference number振动配分函数partition function of vibration振动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration蒸气压下降depression of vapor pressure正常沸点normal point正吸附positive adsorption支链反应branched chain reactions直链反应straight chain reactions指前因子pre-exponential factor质量作用定律mass action law制冷系数coefficient of refrigeration中和热heat of neutralization轴功shaft work转动配分函数partition function of rotation转动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration转化率convert ratio转化温度conversion temperature状态state状态方程state equation状态分布state distribution状态函数state function准静态过程quasi-static process准一级反应pseudo first order reaction自动催化作用auto-catalysis自由度degree of freedom自由度数number of degree of freedom自由焓free enthalpy自由能free energy自由膨胀free expansion组分数component number最低恒沸点lower azeotropic point最高恒沸点upper azeotropic point最佳反应温度optimal reaction temperature最可几分布most probable distribution最可几速率most propable speed1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of VolumePressureT emperature Changes and Catalysts i. 体积压力温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s(pdf) Orbital s(pdf)轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes Atomic Numbers and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性/电子亲合性[势]83. metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. metallic Solids 金属晶体106. metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名组成和结构116. Charges Coordination Numbers and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (BoronAluminiumGalliumIndiumThallium) 硼族（硼铝镓铟铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (CarbonSiliconGermaniumTinLead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite Carbon Monoxide Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (PhosphorusArsenicAntimonyand Bismuth) 氮族（磷砷锑铋）142. Ammonia Nitric Acid Phosphoric Acid 氨硝酸磷酸143. Phosphorates phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen Sulfur Selenium and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation 偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coefficient variation 变异系数（CV）190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点197. end point 滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration 浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction 化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion 水合氢离子213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积215. ionization 电离216. proton condition 质子平衡217. zero level 零水准218. buffer solution 缓冲溶液219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数。
物理化学专业英语
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物理化学专业英语电泳electrophoresis Dyndall effect molar heat capacity under constant vol ume Constant voIume thermometer molar heat capacity under constant pressur e constant pressure thermometer localized particle system丁达尔效应定容摩尔热容定容温度计定压摩尔热容定压温度计定域子系统动力学方程kinetic equations动力学控制独立子系统对比摩尔体积kinet ics control independent particle system reduced mole volume对比体积reduced volume对比温度对比压力对称数reduced temperature reduced pressure symmetry number对行反应reversible reactions对应状态原理principle of corresponding state多方过程polytropic process多分子层吸附理论adsorption theory of mul ti-molecular layers二级反应second order reaction二级相变second order phase change法拉第常数法拉第定律faraday cons tant Faraday’s law反电动势back E.M.F.反渗透reverse osmosis molecularity reaction ord ers extent of reaction反应分子数反应级数反应进度反应热heat of reaction反应速率rate of reaction反应速率常数范德华常数范德华方程范德华力范德华气体范特霍夫方程范特霍夫规则constant of reaction rate van der Waals constant van der Waals equation van der Waals force van der Waals gases van’t Hoff equation van’t Hoff rule van’t Hof f equation of osmotic pressure范特霍夫渗透压公式非基元反应非体积功non-elementary reactions non-volume work time independent stoichiomet ric reactions Fick’s first law of diffusion非依时计量学反应菲克扩散第一定律沸点boiling point elevation of boiling point沸点升高费米-狄拉克统计Fermi-Dirac statistics分布分布数分解电压分配定律分散系统分散相分体积distribution distribution numbers decomposition vo ltage distribution law disperse system dispersion phase partial volume par tial volume law分体积定律分压partial pressure partial pressure law mechanics of molecular reaction s分压定律分子反应力学分子间力intermolecular force分子蒸馏molecular distillation封闭系统closed system附加压力excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式adsorption 负极负吸附negative pole negative adsorption Freundlich empirical formula of复合反应composite reaction盖・吕萨克定律盖斯定律甘汞电极感胶离子序杠杆规则高分子溶液高会溶点Gay-Lussac lawHess law calomel electrode lyotropic series lever rule macromolecularsolution upper consolute point隔离法the isolation method格罗塞斯-德雷珀定律隔离系统Grotthus-Dr aoer’s lawisolated system根均方速率root-mean-square speed功功函work work content conjugate solution azeotropic temperature共轭溶液共沸温度构型熵configurational entropy孤立系统固溶胶isolated system solid sol solid solution固态混合物固相线光反应solid phase line photoreaction光化学第二定律光化学第一定律光敏反应光谱熵广度性质广延量广延性质规定熵the second law of actinochemistry the first law of actinochemistry photosensitized reactions spectrum entropyextensive property extensive quantity extensive property stipulated e ntropy oversaturated solution oversaturated vapor过饱和溶液过饱和蒸气过程process过渡状态理论过冷水过冷液体过热液体transition state theorysuper-cooled water overcooled liquid overheated liquid Helmholtz func tion Helmholtz function criterion Helmholtz free energy亥姆霍兹函数亥姆霍兹函数判据亥姆霍兹自由能亥氏函数焓Helmholtz functionenthalpy Henry constant Henry law亨利常数亨利定律恒沸混合物恒容摩尔热容constant boiling mixture molar heat capacity at constant volume恒容热heat at constant volume恒外压constant external pressure mola r heat capacity at constant pressure恒压摩尔热容恒压热heat at constant pressure化学动力学chemical kinetics stoichi ometric equation of chemical reaction stoichiometric coefficient of chemic al reaction化学反应计量式化学反应计量系数化学反应进度化学亲合势化学热力学化学势extent of chemical reaction chemical affinity chemical thermodynamics chemical potential chemical potential criterion chemisorptions化学势判据化学吸附环境environment entropy change in environment环境熵变挥发度volatility混合熵混合物活度entropy of mixing mixture activi ty activation control活化控制活化络合物理论activated complex theory活化能activation energy霍根-华森图基态能级Hougen-Watson Chart ene rgy level at ground state Kirchhoff formula基希霍夫公式基元反应elementary reactions积分溶解热integration heat of dissolution Gibbs-Duhem equation Gibbs-Helmhotz equation吉布斯-杜亥姆方程吉布斯-亥姆霍兹方程吉布斯函数Gibbs function Gibbs function criterion吉布斯函数判据吉布斯吸附公式Gibbs adsorption formula吉布斯自由能吉氏函数Gibbs f ree energyGibbs function polarization potential of electrode极化电极电势极化曲线极化作用polarization curves polarization limiting molar conductivity极限摩尔电导率几率因子计量式计量系数价数规则steric factor stoichiometric equation stoichiometric coefficient rule of valence简并度degeneracy键焓bond enthalpy胶冻胶核broth jelly colloidal nucleus demulsific ation胶凝作用胶束胶体micelle colloid dispersion system of colloid胶体分散系统胶体化学胶体粒子胶团collochemistry colloidal particlesmicelle焦耳Joule焦耳-汤姆生实验焦耳-汤姆生系数焦耳-汤姆生效应焦耳定律J oule-Thomson experiment Joule-Thomson coefficient Joule-Thomson effect Joule`s law接触电势contact potential接触角节流过程节流膨胀contact angle thr ottling process throttling expansion coefficient of throttling expansion 节流膨胀系数结线tie line结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附界面interfaces surface t ension dissociation chemical adsorption界面张力浸湿浸湿功精馏immersion wetting immersion wetting work rectify聚(合电解质polyelectrolyte1。
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Physical Chemistry
equation of state 状态方程
idea /perfect gas 理想气体
kinetic theory of gases 气体分子动理论
model fitting模型拟合
root mean square rate 根均方速率
zeroth law of thermodynamics 热力学第零定律
translational energy 平动能
phase diagram 相图
isotherm等温线
isobar 等压线
distribution function 分布函数
most probable rate 最概然速率
mathematical average rate 数学平均速率
fluctuation 涨落现象
free path 自由程
mean free path 平均自由程
reduced mass 折合质量
effusion 隙流
law of effusion 隙流定律
compressibility factor（Z）压缩因子
Boyle temperature Boyle温度
Internal pressure 内压力
Virial coefficient 维利系数
Critical temperature 临界温度
Critical point临界点
Wilson cloud chamber 威尔逊云雾室
reduced pressure、volume、temperature对比压力，体积，温度corresponding state 对比状态
law of corresponding state对比状态定律
compressibility factor chart压缩因子图
potential energy 位能
chemical thermodynamics化学热力学
classicial thermodynamics 经典热力学
phenomenological themodynamics 唯象热力学
isolated system 隔离系统
closed system 封闭系统
open system 敞开系统
thermodynamic variable 热力学变量
extensive property 广度性质capacity property容量性质intensive property 强度性质
thermodynamic equilibrium state 热力学平衡态thermal equilibrium 热动平衡
mechanical equilibrium 力学平衡
phase equilibrium 相平衡
chemical equilibrium 化学平衡
state function 状态函数
process and path 过程与途径
isochore等容线
homogeneous system 多组分均相系统heterogeneous system 复相系统
isothermal process等温过程
isobaric process 等压过程
isochoric process 等容过程
adiabatic process绝热过程﹪﹪
cyclic process环状过程
thermodynamic energy 热力学能
internal energy 内能
first law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律
first kind of perpetual motion machine 第一类永动机free expansion 自由膨胀
quasistatic process 准静态过程
reversible process可逆过程
irreversible process 不可逆过程
reversible cyclic process可逆循环过程
enthalpy 焓
heat capacity 热容
adiabatic process equation 绝热过程方程
heat capacity ratio 热容比
polytropic process 多方过程
efficiency of the heat engine 热机效率transformation coefficient 转换系数
coefficient of refrigeration 冷冻系数
heat pump热泵
throttling process节流过程
differential throttling effect 微分节流效应
inversion temperature转化温度
isenthalpic curve 等焓线
inversion curve 转化曲线
thermochemistry 热化学
chemical affinity 化学亲和力
extent of reaction 反应进度
molar enthalpy of reaction反应的摩尔焓变
stand state 标准态
elementary substance 单质
standard molar enthalpy of formation标准摩尔生成焓standard molar enthalpy of combustion 标准摩尔燃烧焓second law of thermodynamics 热力学第二定律
second kind of perpetual motion machine 第二类永动机heat reservoir 恒温热储器
spring 弹簧
entropy 熵。