旅游管理英语(姚宝荣)1~6单元翻译word版本
旅游管理中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)Tourism and the Environment: A Symbiotic RelationshipNowadays, with the improvement of people's living standards and the pursuit of higher spiritual life, tourism is developing rapidly, and it has an increasing proportion in the national economy. Tourism is getting more and more people's attention, followed by the impact of tourism on the ecological environment.The vigorous development of the tourism industry has multiple effects on the environment. They are both positive and negative. In order to adapt the development of tourism to the capacity of tourism resources, and promote the coordinated development of environment protection and tourism, and this paper will state the impact of tourism on the environment from three aspects:1 The negative impact of tourism on the environment;2 The positive impact of tourism on the environment;3 The countermeasure to against the negative impact of tourism on the environment.Tourism development can put pressure on natural resources when it increases consumption in areas where resources are already scarce.The negative impact of tourism on the environmentNegative impacts from tourism occur when the level of visitor use is greater than the environment's ability to cope with this use within the acceptable limits of change. Uncontrolled conventional tourism poses potential threats to many natural areas around the world. It can put enormous pressure on an area and lead to impacts such as soil erosion, increased pollution, discharges into the sea, natural habitat loss, increased pressure on endangered species and heightened vulnerability to forest fires. It often puts a strain on water resources, and it can force local populations to compete for the use of critical resources.1,Tourism causes the environmental pollution.When tourism products are manufactured during the production, it`s adverse to environmental impacts. At first, the development of tourism resources, improper planning of tourist construction, such as opening the way in mountains and destroying the wild plants freely; it will break the completeness of the coordination of ecological environment. The second is in the process of construction of tourist accommodation, the supply of water, electricity and other energy is in disorder. Waste water, waste gas and rubbish are not be cleaned timely, so these will be forming the ecological environment pollution.2,Tourism products affected adversely in consumption process.The most obvious phenomenon is that tourism products in consumption process impacts on the ecological environment pollution and destruction of ecosystems. Tourism products have direct contamination and indirect contamination for the environment of the tourist area.Direct contamination means the tourist’s pollution is generated by tourism activities, such as the sewage left by tourists, feces, garbage, waste bottles, waste paper, cans and other pollution on the ecological environment.Indirect contamination means the pollution of the atmosphere. Tourism can`t be separated from traffic. Transporting tourists from the residence to the scenic is necessary, and a variety of vehicles pour in, the air is full of automobile exhaust. The automobile exhaust is not only polluting the air, but also extremely is harmful to the human body. In addition, the acid rain has already leaded lots of trees to die in some areas. The decline in the quality of the environment embarrassed our environment.3,Historical and cultural heritage have been to damage to varying degrees.Driven by the economic interests, some notable tourist resorts are overload of tourists or made unauthorized construction, it will make a number of precious historical and cultural heritages, such as the unique monuments, natural environment and human landscape suffered destruction. Carving, graffiti, touching artifacts freely and discarding the litter arbitrarily will directly or indirectly lead to the destruction of the heritage. The example is too numerous, like on the walls of the palace in the Forbidden City, some flagstone walkways, the walls of theancient Great Wall and the tower also have tourists uncivilized blot.4,Traditional culture is simple.Rough business culture makes the connotation disappear and the degradation of the art form. In order to obtain economic benefits and cater to the need of tourists adventures, lots of tourist areas have to be given up traditional social, spiritual significance and artistic meaning. Changing the traditional forms of art and design freely lead the traditional culture to rough and simple commercialization. Traditional folk celebrations will not be held at specific time and specific place with specific manner, and it just be held by tourism demand anytime at anywhere, just like these celebrations` existence is based on the tourists demand rather than local social life. Local hand-making products with characteristics of local culture are turning to meet the need of public markets. Mass production and gradually moving towards the shoddy make the loss of traditional art and value.5,Directly or indirectly lead the moral standards in the tourist resort to decline.Tourists around the world have different moral values and way of life. Negative tourists` decadent consciousness and lifestyle can easily make some tourist area residents to lose the virtue of simplicity. It induces desire for venality and worship of money, which ruins the local social climate and affects the stability of the social order. Tourism makes environmental pollution and destruction, which almost is occurred in the process of tourism development, construction and tour operation. Tourism, as a source of pollution and industrial pollution, has "three wastes" in facilities` emissions, which is waste gas, waste water, and waste ballast. The inappropriate layout also causes environmental pollution.6,The pollution on the environment has two aspects of tourism: tourism supply-side and tourism consumers.The environmental pollution of tourism consumers is occurred in the flow of tourists, such as the large population bring crowded and confusion, destructive behavior on the environment, trampling by a large number of the population makes the soil changing, temporary stay of too many people bring exceeded production and living materials consumption and energy use, the atmospheric pollution, noise pollution and visual pollution. Analysis form the tourist point to view environmental pollution, it can be seen that tourism, as a source of pollution, has its own particularity unlike other pollution sources.People who come to enjoy the scenic beauty often litter the places with polythene and left over food without thinking about its adverse impact on the environment. The Dal Lake which was once pristine has lost its nature due to tourist pressure and is now covered with animal carcasses, sewage and weeds. The lake has shrunk as it was unable to handle the pollution caused by constant tourist influx.Tourism industry often involves construction of hotel and lodges. These lodges are created near or on the banks of a lake or a river. The sewage water flows into lake water or sea, polluting its marine ecosystem. Hotel owners who have vested commercial interests does not even take into account the unfavourable consequences on environment. Construction of jetties alters the wave pattern of the lake depositing silt in it. Introduction of mechanized boards to cash in on tourists damages the flora and fauna of ecosystem as the both leave tresses of oil, petrol and diesel in the water. (Roy, 2010)“EDUCA TION - tourists provide an endless supply of people from around the world that can be targeted and educated on everything from forest stewardship to local history and plans for the future.FUNDRAISING - a tourist provides an easy target for fundraising. Tourists pay fees for everything from camping sites and park entry fees, to licenses for fishing and hunting. The more tourists in a controlled area, means the more money that can be collected for things like education, policing and maintenance of national wilderness areas.ACTION - tourists visiting an area do so for many reasons. Maybe they are looking for someplace quiet where they can commune with nature or perhaps they want to see a piece of history. Whatever the reason, when that tourist returns home, s/he will remember the experience and may feel compelled to do something positive for the environment to help save that area.” (Stushnoff, 2009)For example: Physical Environment impact on tourism.Tourism has effects beyond the fuel burnt simply getting on holiday in the first place and many of them are much more immediately visible than the more sinister and intangible threat of emissions. In many places, the physical environment can be heavily affected by the passage of tourists, especially for popular destinations, where the sheer weight of numbers of people visiting can simply prove too much. Often as a tourist venue becomes better known, a round of building work follows the accompanying expansion of the original settlement, usually to the detriment of the local environment – which can often have been the reason for its popularity in the first place. More hotels and more restaurants inevitably mean more strain on the local infrastructure, but they also mean more light pollution too. This is not simply about no longer being able to see the stars so easily. In some parts of the world – the Greek Islands being a well-known case – restaurants along the beaches are very popular tourist draws, but their light-spillage confuses hatching sea-turtles. The young hatchlings are programmed to head for the brightest thing they can see head for the brightest thing they can see –– in nature, the water’s edge –in nature, the water’s edge – and safety. When they and safety. When they follow their age-old instinct today, they are as likely to be heading in exactly the opposite direction direction –– and Tavernas offer no refuge from cats or predatory gulls. (Evans, 2012)The positive impact of tourism on the environment:In order to survive and develop, people always need to exploit natural resources. Lots of development activities on the environment is damaging the environment`s health, but orderly tourism activities can be part of the sustainable use of natural resources, and reduce the ecological damage of resource development. The healthy development of the tourism industry to promote environmental protection mainly has following aspects.“The International Ecotourism Society has defined Ecotourism as the “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the welfare of local people”. The Australian Commission on National Ecotourism Strategy defines ecotourism as”nature as”nature-based tourism that involves education and interpretation of the natural environment -based tourism that involves education and interpretation of the natural environment and is managed to be ecologically sustainable”.In modern times, eco tourism has been expected to help in achieving the following also: involve travel to natural destinations, minimize impact on natural resources, build up environmental awareness, provide impetus and financial support for conservation, financially benefit and empower local people and inculcate respect for local culture.” (Parameswaran, 2012)1,The healthy development of the tourism industry can promote the launching of the environmental protection.Optimizing the industrial structure and protecting of the ecological environment.Rational plan for the healthy development of the tourism industry can replace resource consumption and heavy pollution of traditional industries to achieve the purpose of reducing pollution emissions. Some agricultural regions return farmland to forests, wood to grass and field to lake. On the one hand, local farmers receive more income; on the other hand, these measures can protect the environment and maintain the ecological balance.2, Improve the Environmental Quality.Obviously, one of the foundations for the development of the tourism industry is to have a beautiful and high-quality environment, no tourist wants to go to a place with very bad ecological environment. Tourists want the pure air and water quality, beautiful environment and ecology, green forest and earth. All of these will supervise the tourism management regulate the tourism development mode and improve the quality of green tourism products and development projects of the environment, such as planting more trees in the tourist area, closing forest and raising flowers. All these measures means the rise of the of tourism ecological environment quality.3,Improve the infrastructure and service facilitiesTourism development can improve the local infrastructure, such as airports, railwaystations, bus stations, roads, communications, water systems and sewage treatment systems. It also can contribute to the building of local entertainment, scenic attractions, accommodation and catering services, so as to improve the standards of the local economy and the living environment for local people.4,Protect the environment, natural landscapes and historical monuments.Good environment, natural resources and precious cultural relics are important factors to attract tourists. In order to attract more tourists and increase their level of satisfaction, many scenic areas, wildlife areas, and historical and cultural monuments are developing, we also concern about the issue of environment protection. Lucrative tourism can raise funds through appropriate tourism development; and these funds can be put into the construction of tourism environment, so as to make the Scenic environment and wildlife areas receive better protection, the maintenance and restoration of historical and cultural monuments.5,Beautify the living habitat environment.The development of tourism promotes to green the land and environmental cleanup, and to get the efficacy of beautification of the living environment. During the tourism development process, promoting afforestation, developing the horticultural projects or the design and construction of ecological building and expanding green area, air pollution, noise pollution, water pollution, garbage pollution and other environmental problems can be controlled forcibly, like the Nanjing Confucius Temple, the majority cultural heritage of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, reflects the history and culture of China. For many years, the water quality in Qinhuai River is poor and serious pollution, almost everyone know the dilapidated houses by the river`s two sides. In recent years, this region emphasis on the natural environment restoration and improvement of the river ecosystem in the tourism development process, Nanjing citizens take some action, such as river regulation and waste collection, through the implementation of renovation projects, seek the greening of the Qinhuai River, purify and beautify the riverbanks to re-experience the the Qinhuai clean water and better living environment.6,Strengthen people's awareness of environmental protection.Tourism environmental protection, as a systems engineering, requires government tourism management department, department of tourism operators, residents and tourists to participate. Good tourism promotion of government travel management department can improve the tour operator, environmental protection consciousness of destination residents and tourists.A good environment is an important requirement for tourism development. Tourism development can bring good economic benefits, and help local people out of poverty andbackwardness. After appreciating the good environmental benefits to produce their life, people's environmental awareness will be enhanced unprecedented.For tourists, the travel is a short-term way of life. It`s a kind of longing of escaping their day-to-day working and living environment to the unfamiliar environment. Good tourism activities are impressed, and the beautiful environment let them to beautify our environment and feel the close relationship between the environments and improving the quality of life, finally we should to promote environmental awareness and focus on environmental protection. In fact, in recent years, understanding the nature, observing the nature and the opportunity to experience the nature is popular. These activities will let them realize that the natural environment is the source of beauty and the basic conditions of human beings to create a better life; they can feel aesthetic pleasure during the natural process. The tourists will feel grateful of plants and trees of nature and bound their travel behavior, and to raise awareness of environmental protection.Environmental management departments and the tour operator sector also constantly aware of the importance of the environment during the process of planning and development of tourism projects. It is the basis for the survival of the tourism industry and an important factor for sustainable development of tourism. Government should take all the measures to protect the natural environment, advance environmental protection planning in tourism planning, and take measures in accordance with the importance of the different levels of management with graded protection. The positive interaction between tourism development and environmental protection concept is gradually able to establish and implement.Tourism to Local DevelopmentTourism could have a tremendous beneficial impact on local economies, but many hotels source their food and cleaning products from abroad rather than purchasing them from local producers. An Oxfam study found that hotels in St. Lucia imported more than 70 percent of their produce every year. Local farmers cannot compete internationally and have suffered from a decline in the banana trade, but Oxfam and other organizations are encouraging hotels to source food from local farmers, and by doing so keeping the tourist income within the community and supporting farmer's efforts to diversify their crops. For some hotels and restaurants, shopping locally adds a more authentic flavor to the products that they offer tourism and is a selling point in itself. For example, the Ocean Terrace Inn in St. Kitts prides itself on serving food made using locally sourced ingredients.Tourism to the environmentTourism can be harmful to the environment in a variety of ways. Cruise ships sailing through the Caribbean dump waste into the sea; one 2002 study found that a ship carrying2,000 passengers and 1,000 crew generated the same amount of waste as a small city. This waste, including oil residues, harms marine ecosystems, including coral reefs. Groups such as the Caribbean Tourism Organization are promoting more sustainable tourism projects that attempt to reduce the impact of tourism on the local environment, while the United Nations' Caribbean Environment Program supports this effort with the Cartagena Convention. The Convention aims to protect the Caribbean's delicate marine environment by establishing a series of protocols on combating oil spills, creating protected areas and dealing with pollution from the land. (Media, 2002)The countermeasure to against the negative impact of tourism on the environment.1,Cleaning the contaminated tourism ecological environment.It is necessary to clean the contaminated tourism ecological environment; regardless of t he reason for the pollution is tourism and non-tourism. There must be effective control measur es for the development of tourism in the tourist area in order to fundamentally clean up the are a. For instance, relocating the polluting factories in the tourist area and prohibiting the develo pment of industrial pollution.2,Reconstruction of the ecological environment has been destroyed.In the existing tourist areas and developing tourist area, if a part of tourism ecological en vironment has been damaged, it is affecting the entire aesthetic characteristics of the ecologic al environment. It should be doing construction in the region corresponding ecological enviro nmental. For example, if the tourist area water is contaminated, it should be cleaned up; if the area is lack of green plants, it should be planted. During the reconstruction of the ecological e nvironment, the environmental characteristics of the area should be noticed. It is important to maintain stable ecosystem. So the green plants should be selected to the benefit of the tourist area.3,Application of the tourism ecological environment capacity theory.The destruction and pollution of tourism activities should be avoided. In tourism plannin g and management, tourism overload is the fundamental reason to the tourism pollution of eco logical environment. Tourism activities undermine the development of the tourism industry. S o the tourist ecological capacity should be appropriately controlled during the tourism develop ment and management.4,To take the necessary measures to slow the ecological environment destruction.The sudden natural destruction of tourism ecological environment can be forecasted, but cannot be avoided. But the destruction of nature can be mitigated by certain measures, such as offsite migration of rare and endangered flora and fauna protection, artificial reforestation an d so on.So if one wants to enjoy nature one must preserve it, otherwise all the exotic destinations will become extinct and the world will not be a beautiful place to live in. Eco friendly tourism should be promoted all over the world and if marvels of nature should be preserved, tourism should take into account the principle and process of sustainable consumption.旅游和环境:一个共生关系如今如今,,随着人民生活水平的提高随着人民生活水平的提高,,追求更高的精神生活追求更高的精神生活,,旅游业发展迅速旅游业发展迅速,,在国民经济比例不断上升。
《旅游管理专业英语》(第二版) 讲义 Lesson11 Globalization
GlobalizationGlobalization is a term used to describe the changes in societies and the world economy that are the result of dramatically increased trade and cultural exchange. In specifically economic contexts, it refers almost exclusively to the effects of trade, particularly trade liberalization or "free trade".Between 1910 and 1950, a series of political and economic upheavals dramatically reduced the volume and importance of international trade flows. In the post-World War II environment, fostered by international economic institutions and rebuilding programs, international trade dramatically expanded. With the 1970s, the effects of this trade became increasingly visible, both in terms of the benefits and the disruptive effects.Meanings of Globalization"Globalization" can mean:•The formation of a global village— closer contact between different parts of the world, with increasing possibilities of personal exchange, mutual understanding and friendship between "world citizens", and creation of a global civilization,•Economic globalization —"free trade" and increasing relations among members of an industry in different parts of the world (globalization of an industry), with a corresponding erosion of National Sovereignty in the economic sphere.•The negative effects of for-profit multinational corporations— the use of substantial and sophisticated legal and financial means to circumvent the bounds of local laws and standards, in order to leverage the labor and services of unequally-developed regions against each other.•The spread of capitalism from developed to developing nations.It shares a number of characteristics with internationalization and is used interchangeably, although some prefer to use globalization to emphasize the erosion of the nation-state or national boundaries.Globalism, if the concept is reduced to its economic aspects, can be said to contrast with economic nationalism and protectionism. It is related to laissez-faire capitalism and neoliberalism.History of globalizationSince the word has both technical and political meanings, different groups will have differing histories of "globalization". In general use within the field of economics and political economy, is, however, a history of increasing trade between nations based on stable institutions that allow individuals and firms in different nations to exchange goods with minimal friction.The term "liberalization" came to mean the combination of laissez-faire economic theory with the removal of barriers to the movement of goods. This led to the increasing specialization of nations in exports, and the pressure to end protective tariffs and other barriers to trade. The period of the gold standard and liberalization of the 19th century is often called "The First Era of Globalization". Based on the Pax Britannica and the exchange of goods in currencies pegged to specie, this era grew along with industrialization. The theoretical basis was Ricardo's work on Comparative advantage and Say's Law of General equilibrium. In essence, it was argued that nations would trade effectively, and that any temporary disruptions in supply or demand would correct themselves automatically. The institution of the gold standard came in steps in major industrialized nations between approximately 1850 and 1880, though exactly when various nations were truly on the gold standard is a matter of a great deal of contentious debate.The "First Era of Globalization" is said to have broken down in stages beginning with the first World War, and then collapsing with the crisis of the gold standard in the late 1920's and early 1930's.Globalization in the era since World War II has been driven by Trade Negotiation Rounds, originally under the auspices of GATT, which led to a series of agreements to remove restrictions on "free trade". The Uruguay round led to a treaty to create the World Trade Organization or WTO, to mediate trade disputes. Other bilateral trade agreements, including sections of Europe's Maastricht Treaty and the North American Free Trade Agreement have also been signed in pursuit of the goal of reducing tariffs and barriers to trade.Signs of globalizationGlobalization has become identified with a number of trends, most of which may have developed since World War II. These include greater international movement of commodities, money, information, and people; and the development of technology, organizations, legal systems, and infrastructures to allow this movement. The actual existence of some of these trends are debated.•Increase in international trade at a faster rate than the growth in the world economy•Increase in international flow of capital including foreign direct investment•Greater transborder data flow, using such technologies such as the Internet, communication satellites and telephones•Greater international cultural exchange, for example through the export of Hollywood and Bollywood movies.•Some argue that even terrorism has undergone globalization. Terrorists now have attacked places all over the world.•Spreading of multiculturalism and better individual access to cultural diversity, with on the other hand, some reduction in diversity through assimilation, hybridization, Westernization, Americanization or Sinosization of cultures.•Erosion of national sovereignty and national borders through international agreements leading to organizations like the WTO and OPEC•Greater international travel and tourism•Greater immigration, including illegal immigration•Development of global telecommunications infrastructure•Development of a global financial systems•Increase in the share of the world economy controlled by multinational corporations•Increased role of international organizations such as WTO, WIPO, IMF that deal with international transactions•Increase in the number of standards applied globally; e.g. copyright lawsBarriers to international trade have been considerably lowered since World War II through international agreements such as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Particular initiatives carried out as a result of GATT and the WTO, for which GATT is the foundation, have included:•Promotion of free tradeo Of goods: reduction or elimination of tariffs; construction of free trade zones with small or no tariffso Of capital: reduction or elimination of capital controlso Reduction, elimination, or harmonization of subsidies for local businesses •Intellectual Property Restrictionso Harmonization of intellectual property laws across nations (generally speaking, with more restrictions)o Supranational recognition of intellectual property restrictions (e.g. patents granted by China would be recognized in the US)Anti-globalizationMain article: "Anti-globalization".Various aspects of globalization are seen as harmful by public-interest activists. This movement has no unified name. "Anti-globalization" is the media's preferred term. Activists themselves, for example Noam Chomsky, have said that this name is meaningless as the movement's aim is to globalize justice. Indeed, "the global justice movement" is a common name. Many activists also unite under the slogan "another world is possible", which has given rise to names such as altermondisme in French.There is a wide variety of different kinds of "anti-globalization". In general, critics claim that the results of globalization have not been what was predicted when the attempt to increase free trade began, and that many institutions involved in the system of globalization have not taken the interests of poorer nations and the working class into account.Economic arguments by fair trade theorists claim that unrestricted free trade benefits those with more financial leverage (i.e. the rich) at the expense of the poor.Many "anti-globalization" activists see globalization as the promotion of a corporatist agenda, which is intent on constricting the freedoms of individuals in the name of profit. They also claimthat increasing autonomy and strength of corporate entities increasingly shape the political policy of nation-states.Some "anti-globalization" groups argue that globalization is necessarily imperialistic, is one of the driving reasons behind the Iraq war and that it has forced savings to flow into the United States rather than developing nations.Some argue that globalization imposes credit-based economics, resulting in unsustainable growth of debt and debt crises.The main opposition is to unfettered globalization (neoliberal; laissez-faire capitalism), guided by governments and quasi-governments (such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank) that are not held responsible to the populations that they govern and instead respond mostly to the interests of corporations. Many conferences between trade and finance ministers of the core globalizing nations have been met with large, and occasionally violent, protests from opponents of "corporate globalism".The movement is very broad, including church groups, national liberation factions, left-wing parties, environmentalists, peasant unionists, anti-racism groups, libertarian socialists and others. Most are reformist (arguing for a more humane form of capitalism) and a strong minority is revolutionary (arguing for a more humane system than capitalism). Many have decried the lack of unity and direction in the movement, but some such as Noam Chomsky have claimed that this lack of centralization may in fact be a strength.Protests by the global justice movement have now forced high-level international meetings away from the major cities where they used to be held, and off into remote locations where protest is impractical.Pro-globalization (globalism)Supporters of democratic globalization can be labelled pro-globalists. They consider that the first phase of globalization, which was market-oriented, should be completed by a phase of building global political institutions representing the will of World citizens. The difference with other globalists is that they do not define in advance any ideology to orientate this will, which should be left to the free choice of those citizens via a democratic process.Supporters of free trade point out that economic theories such as comparative advantage suggests that free trade leads to a more efficient allocation of resources, with all those involved in the trade benefitting. In general, they claim that this leads to lower prices, more employment and better allocation of resources.Libertarians and other proponents of laissez-faire capitalism say higher degrees of political and economic freedom in the form of democracy and capitalism in the developed world produce higher levels of material wealth. They see globalization as the beneficial spread of democracy and capitalism.Critics argue that the anti-globalization movement uses anecdotal evidence to support their view and that worldwide statistics instead strongly support globalization. One effect being that the percentage of people in developing countries living below $1 (adjusted for inflation) per day have halved in only twenty years [1] (). Life expectancy has almost doubled in the developing world since WWII and is starting to close the gap to the developed world where the improvement has been smaller. Child mortality has decreased in every developing region of the world [2] (). Income inequality for the world as a whole is diminishing [3] ().Many pro-capitalists are also critical of the World Bank and the IMF, arguing that they are corrupt bureaucracies controlled and financed by states, not corporations. Many loans have been given to dictators who never did any reforms, instead leaving the common people to pay the debts later. They thus see too little capitalism, not too much. They also note that some of the resistance to globalization come from special interest groups with conflicting interests like Western world unions.Globalization in questionThere is much academic discussion about whether globalization is a real phenomenon or only a myth. Although the term is widespread, many authors argue that the characteristics of the phenomenon have already been seen at other moments in history. Also, many note that those features that make people believe we are in the process of globalization, including the increase in international trade and the greater role of multinational corporations, are not as deeply established as they may appear. Thus, many authors prefer the use of the term internationalization rather than globalization. To put it simply, the role of the state and the importance of nations are greater in internationalization, while globalization in its complete form eliminates nation states. So, these authors see that the frontiers of countries, in a broad sense, are far from being dissolved, and therefore this radical globalization process is not yet happening, and probably won't happen, considering that in world history, internationalization never turned into globalization —(the European Union and NAFTA are yet to prove their case.)However, the world increasingly shares problems and challenges that do not obey nation state borders, most notably pollution of the natural environment, and as such the movement previously known as the anti-globalisation movement has transmogrified into a movement of movements for globalisation from below; seeking, through experimentation, forms of social organisation that transcend the nation state and representative democracy. So, whereas the original arguments of anti-global critique can be refuted with stories of internationalisation, as above, the emergence of a global movement is indisputable and therefore we can speak of a real process towards a global human society of societies.。
职教英语 (旅游管理)
unit5ROOM SERVICE (l) Warm-upMatch.TowelShampooToothpasteToilet paperTooth brushHairdryer35Listening and speakingListening 1Listen and number the pictures.Dialogue 1Room CleaningH:Housekeepr,G:GuestH:Housekeeping, May i come in?G:yes.what is it?H:sorrytoditurb you,but l’d like to clean the room,can ldo it now?G:well.i’m expecting some friends now.could you come backe later?H:sure,what time would be convenient?G:what about 11am?H:no problem.G:by the way,how long will it take toclean the room?H:lt will be readey in half an hour.Role play 1A:sorry to distub/teouble you.l’d like to clean the room.can l do it now? B：well,i’expecting some friend/afriend.A:sure,what time would be convenient/better?B:what about 2pm/6pm?A:no problem.36Wordes and expressionsClean 打扫 housekeeping客房服务Convenient 方便的 invite 邀请Disturb 打扰，扰乱 ready 准备好的Expect等待，期待Listening 2Listen and fill in the blank and match it with the picture.1.make up the2.Have a3._______________the bathroom.4.Turn on the_______________.5.________________the curtain.( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )Dilogue 2Turn-down svrviceH:Housekeepr,G:GuestH:Turn-down svrice.may l come in?G:yes,please.H:l’ll make up the bed and do some cleaning.G:Great!would you piease clean the bathroom?l’ve just had a shower.H:no problem.G:thank you very mach.H:lt’s getting daek.may l turn on the lights and draw the curtains?G:that would be very kind of you.H:will that be all,sir?G:yes,you are so nice.H:l’m at your service.38Role play 2A:would you please clean the bathroom/make up the bed?l’ve just had a shower/a nap. B:no problem,sir/madam.A:thank you very much.B:lt’is goetting dark.may l turn on the lights and draw the curtains?A:that sounds nice.Word and ExpressionsCurtain窗帘turn-down做晚床的Dark 黑暗draw the curtain拉窗帘Draw 拉，拖turn on打开（开关等）Shower淋浴Listening 3Listen and choose the correct answer.1.A.hairdryer B.shampoo C.towerl2.A.toothbrushes B.towels C.newspapers3.A.toothpaste B.key C.toilet paper4.A.toothbrush B,toothpaster C.shampooDialogue 3Shanging ToiletruesH:Housekeepr,G:GuestH:good morning,madam.did you ring for sevice?what canl do for you?G:could you bring me some new towels,please?thesehaven’t been changed.H:l’m sorry ldidn’t notice that,madam.l’ll bring you someclean towels immediately.G:Thank you.(two minutes later,the bousekeeper brings clean towels.)H:what else can l do for you a bottle of shampoo at once.G:thank you very much.Role play 3A:Good morning ,madem/sir.what can l do for you?B:Could you bring me some new towels/shampoo/tooth paste/toilepaper,please?A:no problem.B:thank you.Words and experssionsBottle 瓶toothbrush牙刷Empty 空的toothpaste牙膏Hairdrdyer 吹风机towel 毛巾Notice 注意shampoo 洗发水Terridle 糟糕，讨厌shelf架子Toiletry 卫生间用品at once立刻，马上Pre-reading activities1.Which word can be used to talk about the job housekeeping Department?A.EasyB.lmaporyantfortable2.Guests will more often contact the staff in___Department in a hotel.A.RecreationB.financeC.housekeepingTaxtHousekeeping DepartmentHousekeeping Department is a basic but importantDepartment in a hotel.lt is responsible for cleaning therooms and making them tidy and comfortable. LtAlso helps to set up and making them tidy andcomfortable. Lt also help to set up and to take apartbanquets and meetings.the Housekeeping Departmentincludes housemaids,housemen,floorcleks,maintenance men and window washeres,floorclerks,housemaids and housemen allhave directcontact with guests so that their job is especially important.very little carelessness,such as an untidy bed sheet can upset a guest and affect his impression of the hotel.Words and epressionsAffect影响maintenance维修，维护Apart 分离，分开recreation娱乐，消遣Basic 基本的sheet床单，被单Carelessness 粗心，大意tidy整洁的Comfortable 舒适的，安逸的unchanged没有更换的Contact 接触，联系untidy不整洁的，凌乱的Direact 直接的upset使心烦Especially 尤其，特别washer洗涤工Finance 财政，金融set up准备，安排Housemaid 客房女服务员take apart整理；拆卸houseman 客服男服务员Exercises1.choose the best according to the passage.1)housekeeping Department staff should make the rooms____.A.clean and comfortableB.untidy but comfortableC.tidy but uncomfortableD.dirty but comfortable2)which department in a hotel will set up and take apart banquets?A.food and beverage department.B.Recreation department.C.Front office department.D.Housekeeping department.3)Which one is NOT a member of housekeeping Department.A:A housemaid B.Afloor clerkC.housemenD.window washers4)The following staff has direct contact with guestes except_____.A.floor clerksB.housemaidsC.housemenD.window washers5）oneexample of carelessness is________.A.a tidy bathroomB.an untidy bed sheetC.an empty ashtrayD.a new towel2.choose the correct word to complete the sentences.1)By/On the way,how long will it take to clean the room?2)May l turn at/on the lights and draw the curains?3)Did you ring to/for service?4)L’ll get you bottle of/off shampoo at once.5)An untidy bed sheet can upset aguest and affect his impression of/in the hotel.3.match and make up a dialogue.Guest’s lnguiry or requiry or Requirement.1)could you bring me a new towel,plerse?this hasn’t been changed.2)L’m expecting afriend now.could you do the turn-down service later?3)Would you please clean the bathroom?l’ve just taken a bath4)How long will it take to clean the bathroomHousekeeper’s AnswerA.lt will be ready in 15 minutes.B.Sure,what time would be convenient?C.l’m sorry ldidn’t notice that.l’ll bring it immediately.D.No problem41WritingTranslate the chinese given in the brackets and practice.1.A:_____________for you(什么时间方便）B:what about 11am?2.A:l’ll____________(铺床）and do some cleaningB:Great！Would you please clean the bathroom?3.A:may l_____________(开灯）and draw the curtains?B:the wlod be good4.A:could you bring me some new towels,please?these haven’t been changed. B:l’m sorry___________(我没有注意到这一点），madam.l’ll bring you some clean ones immediately.5.A:why is housekeeping department so important?B:because its work can____________(影响客人对酒店的印象）。
旅游专业英语词汇表
旅游专业英语词汇表Last revision on 21 December 2020旅游专业英语词汇表关键词：一. 旅游概述Clothes,bearing and appearance 服装仪表guidebook 旅游指南guild practice 导游实践international tourism 国际导游itinerary 旅行计划,节目local guide 地陪,地方导游local tourist organization 地方旅游组织low season 淡季minimum tour price 最低旅游价格multilingual guide 会多种语言的导游national guide 全陪,全程导游national tourist organization 全国旅游组织off-peak season 淡季off season 淡季on season 旺季peak season 旺季professional (staff) 旅游专业人员programme 节目receiving country 旅游接待国regional tourist organization 区域旅游组织season-high 旺季season-low 淡季selling season 旺季shoulder period/season 平季sightseeing 游览slack season 淡季state-list famous historical and culture cities 国家级历史文化名城tour arrangement 旅游安排tour brochure 旅游小册子tour catalog 旅游团目录tour code number 旅游代号编码tour escort/conductor/director 旅游团陪同tour leader 领队,团长tour operation 旅游业务tour route 旅游路线tour talker 自动导游磁带机tourism 旅游业,旅游tourism activities 旅游活动tourism circles 旅游界touring 游览touring club 旅游俱乐部tourist 游客tourist association 旅游协会tourist authority/office 旅游局tourist council 旅游委员会tourist destination 旅游目的地tourist destination area 旅游目的地地区tourist destination country 旅游目的国tourist map 旅游地图tourist organization 旅游组织tourist periodical 旅游周刊tourist spots 旅游点tourist trade 旅游界travel 旅行travel business 旅游业务travel expert 旅游专家travel industry 旅游业travel journalist 旅游记者travel press 旅游报纸travel publication 旅游出版物travelling 旅游travelling expense 旅费travel-see tourism 旅游(美)travel trade 旅游业travel writer 旅游作家trip 旅行World Tourism Day 世界旅游日World Tourism Organization 世界旅游组织Tourist Administration 旅游局China's National Tourism Administration 中国旅游局...Provincial Tourism Administration ...省旅游局...Autonomous Region Tourism Administration 自治区旅游局...Municipal Tourism Administration 市旅游局...Autonomous Perfecture Tourism Administration 自治州旅游局...County Tourism Administration 县旅游局二. 饭店种类inn 旅馆,饭店lodge 小旅馆tavern 酒店caravansary 马车店,大旅馆hostel 招待所hotel 饭店,酒店motel(=motor hotel)汽车饭店(旅店)budget hotel 廉价旅馆economy hotel(one-star hotel)一星级饭店some comfort hotel(two-star hotel)二星级饭店average hotel(three -star hotel)三星级饭店high comfort hotel(four -star hotel)四星级饭店deluxe hotel(five-star hotel)五星级饭店三. 客房种类(1)single room 单人房(一张单人床)double room 双人房(二张单人床)double double 双人房(二张双人床)big single room大床房(一张双人大床)tripe room 三人房(三张单人床)(2)economy room(ER) 经济间standard room(SR) 标准间superior room(UR) 高级套房standard suit(ss) 套间deluxe room(DR) 豪华间presidential suit(PS) 总统套房(3)studio room 工作室型客房(设沙发床或躺椅)multi-functional room 多功能客房combined type rooms 组合客房四. 饭店计价方式(1)European plan(EP) 欧式计价(只计房租,不包括餐饮等费用)(2)American plan(AP) 美式计价(计算房租并包括每日三餐费用在内)(3)modified American plan 修正美式计价(计算房租且包括两餐费/早餐,午餐,晚餐中选两餐)(4)continental plan(CP) 欧陆式计价(计算房租且包括欧陆式早餐餐费)(5)Bermuda plan(BP) 百慕大计价(计算房租,包括美式早餐餐费)五. 常用旅游英语词汇standard rate 标准价en-suite 套房family suite 家庭套房twin room you 带两张单人床的房间double room 带一张双人床的房间advance deposit 定金reservation 订房间registration 登记rate sheets 房价表tariff 价目表cancellation 取消预定imperial suite 皇室套房presidential suite 总统套房suite deluxe 高级套房junior suite 简单套房mini suite 小型套房honeymoon suite 蜜月套房penthouse suite 楼顶套房unmade room 未清扫房on change 待清扫房valuables 贵重品porter 行李员luggage/baggage 行李registered/checked luggage 托运行李light luggage 轻便行李baggage elevator 行李电梯baggage receipt 行李收据trolley 手推车storage room 行李仓briefcase 公文包suit bag 衣服袋travelling bag 旅行袋shoulder bag 背包trunk 大衣箱suitcase 小提箱name tag 标有姓名的标签regular flight 正常航班non-scheduled flight 非正常航班international flight 国际航班domestic flight 国内航班flight number 航班号airport 机场airline operation 航空业务alternate airfield 备用机场landing field 停机坪international terminal 国际航班候机楼domestic terminal 国内航班候机楼control tower 控制台jetway 登机道air-bridge 旅客桥visitors terrace 迎送平台concourse 中央大厅loading bridge 候机室至飞机的连接通路airline coach service 汽车服务shuttle bus 机场内来往班车中国菜单怎么翻译（一）[1] 冷菜类[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]Chinese FoodCold Dishes：Marinated Jellyfish and Chinese Cabbage in Vinaigrette ：Mushrooms with Duck Feet：Shredded Tofu with Sauce：Boiled Chicken with Sauce：Tossed Black and White Fungus：Bitter Melon in Plum Sauce：Chinese Broccoli with Wasabi：Korean Cabbage in Chili Sauce：Kimchi：Rabbit Meat with Tangerine Flavor：Clear Noodles in Chili Sauce：Bitter Melon with Wasabi：Shisamo in Black Bean Sauce：Pork Lungs in Chili Sauce：Ox Tongue in Chili Sauce：Pig Ear in Chili Sauce：Spiced Beef Shank：Sliced Duck Rolls with Egg Yolk：Preserved Eggs in Ginger Sauce：Pig Feet Seasoned with Soy Sauce：Sliced Pork in Soy Sauce：Chinese Broccoli with Soy Beans：Sliced Sea Whelks with Hotbed Chives：Traditional Beijing Bean Paste：Peanuts Pickled in Aged Vinegar：Golden Mushrooms and Mixed Vegetables：Celery with White Fungus：Marinated Pork Intestines：Marinated Tofu：Marinated Goose Heads：Marinated Goose Wings：Marinated Goose Feet：Marinated Goose Gizzard：Marinated Eggs：Marinated Pork Tripe：Marinated Beef Shank：Marinated Ox Tongue：Marinated Meat Combination：Marinated Duck Meat：Dried Radish with Green Soybean：Shredded Pig Tripe in Chili Sauce：Beef Tendon：Honey-Stewed BBQ Pork：Roast Duck：Assorted Pickles：Chicken Feet with Pickled Peppers：Tofu with Preserved Eggs：Roast Suckling Pig：Sweet and Sour Bamboo Shoots：Crispy Celery：Marinated Bran Dough with Peanuts and Black Fungus ：Black Mushrooms with Pine Nuts：Sliced Kelp in Garlic Sauce：Black Fungus with Pickled Capsicum：Whelks and Cucumber：Goose Liver with White Gourd：Spicy Roast Beef：Spicy Smoked Dried Tofu：Spicy Smoked Fish：Spicy Kidney Beans：Marinated Salmon：Baked Chicken in Salt：Poached Salted Shrimps Without Shell：Braised Goose Feet in Rice Wine Sauce：Pickled Cucumber Strips：Jellyfish in Vinegar：Marinated Pig Tongue：Squid Rolls Stuffed with Bean, Ham and Egg Yolk ：Egg Rolls Stuffed with Eel：Goose Slices in Salted Spicy Sauce：Bitter Melon Salad：Fresh Abalone in Spicy Sauce：Shrimps and Litchi Salad：Spicy Beef Shank：Spicy Cuttlefish：Chicken Feet Galantine：Crispy Crucian Carp in Scallion Oil：Goose Gizzard in Garlic Sauce：Vegetarian Chicken with Day Lily：Fresh Squid in Ginger Sauce：Steamed Lotus Root Stuffed with Sweet Sticky Rice ：Spicy Marinated Duck：Songtian Green Beans：Abalone Salad：Cold Sea Whelks with Dressing：Vegetarian Duck：Duck Seasoned with Soy Sauce：Spicy Beef Tendon：Liquor-Soaked Chicken：French Beans in Coca-Cola：Chinese Yam with Osmanthus Sauce：Crucian Carp with Black Bean Sauce：Fish Aspic：Spicy Salted Duck：Preserved Eggs with Chili：Cucumber with Hot and Sour Sauce：Spicy Pork Ribs：Black Fungus with Cucumber and Vermicelle ：Hot and Sour Fern Root Noodles：Small Cucumber with Soybean Paste：Mixed Bitter Vegetables：Fern Root Noodles with Jellyfish：Black Fungus in Vinegar：Chrysanthemum with Sauce：Honeyed Walnuts：Pickled Goose, Hangzhou Style：Spicy Tea Tree Mushrooms：Honeyed Peanuts：Goose Liver with Scallion and Chili Oil：Sea Moss with Sauce：Mixed Seaweed：Bitter Melon with Egg Yolk：Sausage Stuffed with Salty Egg：Sliced Turnip with Sauce：Crown Daisy with Sweet Garlic：Eggplant with Chili Oil：Crispy Crucian Carp：Duck Tongue Aspic：Marinated Duck Tongue：Duck Gizzard with Chinese Toon：Marinated Duck Wings：Duck Rolls Marinated in Rice Wine：Duck Liver in Salted Spicy Sauce：Goose Liver Aspic：Braised Pigeon with Black Bean Sauce：Crispy Seaweed：Chinese Cabbage with Fried Shrimps：Tofu with Chinese Toon：Chinese Toon with Sauce：Sweet and Sour Chinese Cabbage：Jellyfish in Ginger Sauce：Fresh Walnuts with Leek：Taihu Silver Fish with Peanuts：Marinated Lily Bulbs and Pumpkin：Duck Wings Seasoned with Soy Sauce：Turnip Sprouts：Spinach with Eight Delicacies：Bamboo Shoots and Green Beans：Bitter Melon in Sauce：Black Fungus with Mustard Sauce：Fried Peanuts：Fried Silver Fish with Peanuts：Braised Chicken, Dezhou Style：Steamed Sliced Chicken with Ham：Smoked Salmon：Pork Skin Aspic：Tossed Mung Clear Noodles in Sauce：Pork with Garlic Sauce：Boiled Pork in Anchovy Sauce：Pork Hock Seasoned with Soy Sauce：Beef Seasoned with Soy Sauce：Beef Tendon in Chili Sauce：Marinated Beef Brisket in Spiced Sauce：Shredded Duck with Pickled Peppers：Mashed Eggplant with Garlic：Tomato Slices with Sugar：Sweet Garlic：Pickled Potherb Mustard：Cucumber in SauceHot DishesPork：Braised Pork Cubes with Tofu and Chinese Cabbage：Braised Pork with Abalone：Braised Dongpo Pork with Abalone Sauce：Stewed Pork Cubes and Tofu Skin in Brown Sauce：Steamed Rice Rolls with BBQ Pork Intestines and Vegetables：Fried Pork with Chili Soy Sauce，Chaozhou Style：Spare Ribs with Bitter Melon，Chaozhou Style：Steamed Preserved Pork in Black Sauce：Shredded Pork with Vegetables, Sichuan Style：Stewed Diced Pork and Sweet Potatoes：Braised Dongpo Pork：Braised Pork with Preserved Vegetables：Braised Pork with Bamboo Shoots：Fried Pig Kidney with Onion：Sautéed Spicy Pork with Dried Beans：Griddle Cooked Spare Ribs and Chicken：Gulaorou (Sweet and Sour Pork with Fat)：Braised Spicy Pig Feet：Baked Pig Feet with Black Pepper：Stewed Pork Ball in Brown Sauce：Crispy BBQ Suckling Pig：Sautéed Sliced Pork with Pepper and Chili：Sautéed Sliced Pork with Black Fungus：Pan-Fried Pork Filet：Braised Spare Ribs in Brown Sauce：Braised Pig Feet in Brown Sauce：Spare Ribs with Spicy Salt：Deep-Fried Spare Ribs with Spicy Salt：Braised Dongpo Pork with Melon：Sautéed Shredded Pork in Sweet Bean Sauce：Baked Spare Ribs：Sautéed Minced Pork with Bean Sprouts in Curry Sauce ：Sautéed Preserved Pork with Fermented Soy Beans：Sautéed Preserved Pork with Dried Tofu Slices：Sautéed French Beans with Minced Pork and Olive Pickles ：Sautéed Preserved Pork with Dried Radish：Braised Pork，Mao’s Family S tyle：Steamed Sliced Pork Belly with Rice Flour：Braised Ham in Honey Sauce：Stewed Spare Ribs in Honey Sauce：Sautéed Sliced Pork, Eggs and Black Fungus：Steamed Spare Ribs with Pumpkin and Taro：Stewed Spare Ribs with Kelp en Casserole：Stewed Spare Ribs with Potatoes en Casserole：Sautéed Diced Pork with Assorted Mushrooms：Sautéed Chicken Gizzard and Tripe with Assorted Mushrooms ：Braised Spare Ribs：Deep-Fried Spare Ribs with Minced Garlic and Spicy Salt：Braised Tenderloin (Pork) with Dried Bamboo Shoots：Steamed Pork with Salted Egg Yolk, Taiwan Style：BBQ Spare Ribs with Pineapple：BBQ Spare Ribs：Sweet and Sour Spare Ribs：Sizzling Spare Ribs with Curry Sauce：Sizzling Mixed Meat：Fried Spare Ribs, Wuxi Style：Spare Ribs with Champagne and Fresh Fruit：Steamed Pork and Salted Fish Cutlet：Sautéed Spare Ribs in Orange Sauce：Sautéed Pork with Pepper, Hunan Style：Steamed Pork Ball with Crab Soup：Sautéed Shredded Pork with Potherb Mustard：Dried Wheat Gluten with Pork Stuffing：Yu-Shiang Shredded Pork (Sautéed with Spicy Garlic Sauce) ：Sautéed Spare Ribs with Cumin：Braised Pig's Knuckle in Brown Sauce：Sautéed Pig's Kidney：Sautéed Preserved Pork with Celery：Sautéed Squid with Shredded Pork and Leek：Fried Sweet and Sour Tenderloin (Lean Meat)：Yu-Shiang Shredded Pork (Sautéed in Spicy Garlic Sauce)：Sautéed Pork with Mushrooms：Roast Pork with Mixed Vegetables：Sautéed Pork with Chinese Broccoli：Sautéed Shredded Pork with Ginger Shoots：Sautéed Pork in Hot Pepper Sauce：Curry Pork：Pork Tripe Stuffed with Meat：Stewed Pork Hock：Braised Intestines in Brown Sauce：Deep-Fried Pork Hock with Pancake：Deep-Fried Meat Balls with Choice of Sauces：Stewed Pig Feet with Preserved Tofu：Stewed Pig Feet with Black Bean Sauce：Fried Boiled Pork with Black Fungus：Fried Boiled Pork with Sea Cucumber：Sautéed Pork Kidney with Mashed Garlic：Braised Pork Hock in Brown Sauce：Sautéed Shredded Pork Filet with Coriander：Fried Shredded Pork Filet in Soy Bean Paste with Pancake ：Sautéed Fried Meat Balls with Brown Sauce：Braised Pork Tripe Shreds with Mashed Garlic in Sauce：Four-Joy Meatballs (Meat Balls Braised with Brown Sauce) ：Deep-Fried Pork Filet：Soft-Fried Pork Filet：Fried Shredded Pork Filet with Hot Pepper：Quick-Fried Pork Filet Slices with Sauce：Sautéed Shredded Pork with Bean Sprouts：Braised Pork Intestines with Mashed Garlic：Fried Pork Intestines with Hot Pepper：Quick-Fried Pork Tripe Slices：Stir-Fried Pork Tripe Slices with Chili：Sautéed Pork Tripe Slices with Coriander：Quick-Fried Pork Intestines in Brown Sauce：Sautéed Sliced Pork with Scallion and Bean Sprouts：Sautéed Pork Slices with Pickled Turnip：Steamed Spare Ribs with Rice Flour：Braised Pork Slices with Bean Sprouts：Braised Dongpo Pork Hock with Brown Sauce：Braised Pork，Sichuan Style：Steamed Pork with Rice Flour：Steamed Pork Slices with Red Bean Paste：Sautéed Diced Pork with Green Peas：Sautéed Vermicelli with Spicy Minced Pork：Sautéed Shredded Pork with Celery：Sautéed Shredded Pork with Green Pepper：Sautéed Shredded Pork and French Beans：Sautéed Shredded Pork with Bamboo Shoots：Deep-Fried Eggplant with Pork Stuffing：Crispy Rolls of Shreded Pork, Sea Cucumber and Bamboo Shoots ：Roasted Suckling Pig：Braised Pig Tendon in Brown Sauce：Steamed Pig Brains：Scrambled Eggs with Pig Brains：Sautéed Spare Ribs with Greens：Crispy Spare Ribs with Spicy Salt：Steamed Spare Ribs with Taro：Braised Spare Ribs：BBQ Spare Ribs Off the Bone：Sautéed Streaky Pork with Cabbage in Chili Sauce：Spare Ribs in Wine Sauce：BBQ Boneless Spare Ribs：Grilled Pork with Spicy Sauce：Sautéed Chinese Broccoli with Ham：Braised Pork with Chestnuts：Sautéed Gristles：Sautéed Sour Beans with Minced Pork：Braised Streaky Pork with Turnip Peel：Sautéed Preserved Pork with Red Vegetables：Steamed Preserved Pork in Bamboo Tube：Fried Pork Slices with Salted Pepper：Braised Pork with Vermicelli：Braised Pigtails with French Beans：Braised Pig Feet with Dried Cowpeas：Steamed Spare Ribs in Black Bean Sauce：Stewed Meat Ball with Egg YolkBeef：Sautéed Beef Filet in XO Sauce：Sautéed Beef Ribs：Sautéed Beef Filet with Bell Peppers：Scalded Beef：Sautéed Sliced Beef and Vegetables in Oyster Sauce ：Grilled Beef with Shanghai Greens：Braised Oxtail in Chili Sauce, Sichuan Style：Sautéed Beef Filet in Chili Sauce, Sichuan Style：Sautéed Beef with Scallion：Braised Beef Brisket with Tomato：Sautéed Shredded Beef in Chili Sauce：Griddle Cooked Beef and Wild Mushrooms：Stewed Beef en Casserole：Stewed Beef Balls with Chili Sauce：Stewed Beef Brisket with Radish：Sautéed Beef Filet with Hot Green Pepper：Sautéed Sliced Beef in Oyster Sauce：Pan-Fried Beef Ribs with Black Pepper：Sautéed Beef Filet with Black Pepper：Sautéed Diced Beef Filet with Black Pepper：Sautéed Beef Filet with Black Pepper：Pan-Fried Beef Steak with Black Pepper：Braised Oxtail in Red Wine：Braised Beef with Carrots：Sautéed Sliced Beef with Onion and Ginger：Sautéed Beef Filet with Chinese Broccoli：Pan-Fried Beef with Crispy Garlic：Braised Beef Brisket en Casserole：Consommé of Beef Balls：Sautéed Sliced Beef with Yam：Beef with Chili Grilled on Stone Plate：Sautéed Beef with Seasonal Vegetable：Poached Sliced Beef in Hot Chili Oil：Crispy Beef Filet：Sizzling Beef Kebabs：Sizzling Calf Ribs with Papaya：Sizzling Beef Steak：Sautéed Beef Filet with Potatoes：Sautéed Beef and Green Peas in Spicy Sauce：Sautéed Beef with Fresh Mushrooms：Sautéed Beef Filet with Bell Peppers：Steamed Beef Ribs in Black Bean Sauce：Sautéed Beef with Black Pepper and Taro：Braised Beef with Taro：Sautéed Preserved Beef with Leek and Pepper：Braised Beef with Bamboo Shoots：Sautéed Shredded Beef with Onion：Sautéed Diced Beef with Cashew Nuts：Beef Filet with Tomato Sauce, Chinese Style：Beef Steak with Tomato Sauce, Chinese Style：Grilled Beef with Cumin：Braised Beef Brisket with Cumin：Sautéed Beef Filet, Country Style：Sautéed Diced Beef with Green Beans：Steamed Beef in Black Bean Sauce：Sautéed Beef with Mixed Vegetables：Yu-Shiang Beef (Sautéed with Spicy Garlic Sauce) ：Sautéed Beef with Chinese Broccoli：Sautéed Beef with Snow Peas：Sautéed Beef with Pepper and Onions：Beef with Dried Orange Peel：Dry-Braised Shredded Beef, Sichuan Style：Beef, Hunan Style：Sautéed Shreded Beef with Ginger Shoots：Sautéed Beef with Sesame：Sautéed Beef in Hot Pepper Sauce：Beef Tenderloin with Mixed Vegetables：Braised Beef Tendon in Brown Sauce：Stir-Fried Shreded Beef with Vegetables：Stir-Fried Beef Filet with Broccoli：Braised Beef Filet in Iron Pot：Stir-Fried Beef Filet with Mushrooms：Stir-Fried Beef Filet with Green Asparagus：Braised Beef Filet in Black Bean Sauce：Ox Head with Hot Chili Oil：Spicy Ox Tripe：Braised Beef Filet with Scallion：Beef BBQ with Spicy Sauce：Sautéed Beef with Greens：Sautéed Beef with Bitter Melon：Sautéed Shredded Beef：Sautéed Beef with Lemon：Sautéed Beef with Pickled Vegetable：Sautéed Mongolian Beef：Sautéed Calf Ribs with Spicy Salt：Sautéed Beef with Cabbage in Chili Sauce：Sautéed Beef with Litchi：Sautéed Shredded Beef with Wild Pepper：Sautéed Shredded Beef with Hot Pepper and Celery：Pan-Fried Superior Steak ( with black pepper sauce / vanilla sauce) ：Pan-Fried New Zealand Calf Chop：Boiled Beef：Braised Beef with Potatoes：Fried Beef with Scrambled Eggs：Steamed Beef with Rice Flour：Steamed Ox Tripe with Curry：Sautéed Ox Tripe with CorianderPoultry and Eggs：Sautéed Chicken with Hot and Green Pepper：Grilled Chicken Legs：Grilled Mustard Flavored Chicken Breast：Sautéed Chicken Gizzards with Pepper：Braised Chicken with Chestnuts：Chicken in Hot Spicy Sauce, Sichuan Style：Crispy Chicken：Sautéed Sliced Chicken：Braised Shredded Chicken with Ham and Dried Tofu：Deep-Fried Chicken：Braised Chicken with Sliced Abalone and Ham：Sautéed Chicken Balls with Mushrooms and Bamboo Shoots ：Sautéed Chicken Slices in Egg-White：Stewed Chicken in Scallion and Black Bean Sauce：Griddle Cooked Chicken with Pepper：Griddle Cooked Chicken Gizzard：Kung Pao Chicken：Stewed Chicken Tendon with Chinese Wolfberry：Braised Chicken with Ginseng：Minced Chicken Soup：Pan-Fried Chicken with Ginger and Scallion：Steamed Chicken with Lily Flowers and Fungus：Curry Chicken：Pan-Fried Chicken Wings in Coca-Cola Sauce：Steamed Chicken Feet：Salt Baked Chicken, Hakka Style：Sautéed Spicy Chicken Balls with Lotus Roots：Braised Chicken in Black Bean Sauce：Fried Chicken Cubes with Preserved Tofu：Stewed Chicken in Beer：Poached Sliced Chicken：Steamed Sliced Chicken with Mushrooms and Vegetables ：Sautéed Sliced Chicken with Shepherd's Purse：Braised Chicken with Fresh Mushrooms：Chicken with BBQ Sauce en Casserole：Salted and Steamed Chicken with Ginger：Stewed Chicken and Vegetables en Casserole：Roast Chicken Kebabs：Sautéed Sliced Chicken with Vegetables：Chicken, South China Style：Sautéed Diced Chicken with Chili and Pepper, Sichuan Style ：Deep-Fried Crispy Chicken Breast：Sizzling Chicken in Black Bean Sauce：Sizzling Chicken Feet：Braised Chicken with Ginseng：Grilled Spring Chicken：Crispy Chicken with Shrimp Paste and Almonds：Sautéed Boneless Chicken with Almonds in Orange Dressing ：Sautéed Diced Chicken and Cashew Nuts：Deep-Fried Chicken with Garlic：Yu-Shiang Chicken Slices (Sautéed with Spicy Garlic Sauce) ：Stewed Chicken in Sauce：Sautéed Chicken Feet in Maggi Sauce：Sautéed Diced Chicken with Cucumber：Sautéed Chicken with Mixed Vegetables：Sautéed Chicken with Chinese Broccoli：Sautéed Chicken with Snow Peas：Sweet and Sour Chicken：Chicken with Dried Orange Peel：Dry-Braised Chicken in Chili Sauce：Sautéed Chicken with Lemon：Chicken，Hunan Style：Sautéed Chicken with Ginger Shoots：Sautéed Sliced Chicken with Pea Sprouts：Deep-Fried Chicken Chunks：Stewed Chicken with Three Cups Sauce：Chicken with Scallion in Hot Oil：Crispy Chicken：Braised Chicken Breast in Pumpkin Soup：Sautéed Quail Breast with Coriander：Stewed Chicken with Jujubes, Peanuts and Chestnuts：Stir-Fried Chicken Slices with Broccoli：Stir-Fried Chicken Slices with Mushrooms：Sautéed Chicken Slices with Coriander：Sautéed Chicken Slices with Green Asparagus：Stir-Fried Diced Chicken with Walnuts：Stir-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Leg：Special Flavored Shredded Chicken：Steamed Chicken with Chili Sauce：Yu-Shiang Diced Chicken (Sautéed with Spicy Garlic Sauce) ：Chicken with Ginger and Scallion Oil：Sautéed Chicken Balls with Greens：Sautéed Chicken with Black Bean Sauce：Sautéed Sliced Chicken with Ginger and Pineapple：Steamed Tofu with Egg, Chicken and Shrimp：Braised Chicken in Sweet and Sour Sauce：Honey-Stewed Chicken with Ginger Shoots：Curry Chicken with Apple：Pepper Chicken：Sautéed Chicken Gristle with Scallion in Maggi Sauce：Steamed Spring Chicken：Chicken Wings and Legs with Brown Sauce：Steamed Chicken Skin with Shrimp Paste：Roast Chicken：Red-Cooked Chicken, Fuliji Style：Red-Cooked Chicken, Daokou Style：Chicken Seasoned with Brown Sauce：Smoked Chicken：Spiced Chicken：Chicken with Spicy Salt：Chicken with Chili and Sichuan Pepper：Red-Cooked Chicken with Tea Falvor：Grilled Ham and Chicken：Boiled Chicken with Sesame and Spicy Sauce：Beggars Chicken (Baked Chicken)：Chicken with Glutinous Rice Stuffing：Steamed Chicken with Stuffing：Deep-Fried Chicken in Tin Foil：Steamed Whole Chicken：Steamed Chicken with Truffle：Fried Chicken Gizzards：A Chicken Prepared in Three Ways：Chicken and Crab Roe with Shrimp Balls：Sliced Chicken with Chicken Livers and Ham：Sautéed Chicken Slices with Water Chestnuts：Sautéed Chicken Slices with Seasonal Vegetable：Steam Pot Chicken Wings：Steamed Whole Duck：Steamed Duck with Bamboo Shoots and Ham：Two-Coloured Crispy Duck with Minced Shrimps Stuffing：Quanjude Roast Duck：Roast Duck with Fish-Like Dough：Duck Meat with Snow Peas and Mushrooms：Sautéed Duck with Ginger Shoots：Braised Duck with Shredded Konjak：Spiced Duck with Tofu：Salt Baked Duck in Lotus Leaf：Fried Diced Duck：Stir-Fried Duck Intestines with Green Pepper：Stewed and Seasoned Duck Slices, Duck Feet and Duck Liver ：Smoked Duck, Sichuan Style (with Lotus-Leaf-Like Pancake) ：Frangrant Smoked Duck Kernel：Salt-Baked Duck in Lotus Leaf：Duck Intestines with Chili Sauce：Duck Feet with Mustard：Stir-Fried Duck Tongues with Sichuan Chili：Braised Chicken with Assorted Meat and Thread Moss：Shredded Roast Duck with White Fungus：Smoked Duck Rolls with Honey Sauce：Stir-Fried Duck Wings with Coriander：Sautéed Shredded Duck in Soy Sauce：Braised Duck with Black Mushrooms and Vegetables：Beijing Roast Duck：Sautéed Roast Duck with Bell Pepper：Stewed Duck with Aweto：Deep-Fried Smoked Duck with Egg Crust：Braised Duck with Preserved Vegetables：Stewed Duck with Ginseng and Chinese Wolfberry：Sautéed Sliced Duck with Asparagus in Black Bean Sauce ：Sautéed Duck Hearts：Sautéed Sliced Duck in Soy Sauce：Braised Duck with Mixed Vegetables：Pan-Fried Duck Breast in Cherry Sauce：Pan-Fried Duck Breast with Honey Sauce：Steam Pot Duck with Aweto：Deep-Fried Boneless Duck with Taro Puree：Sautéed Diced Duck Meat in Potato Basket：Braised Duck Gizzards with Black Pepper：Braised Four–Delicacies of Duck：Stewed Duck with Soya Beans：Sautéed Minced Duck on Lettuce Leaf：Braised Duck with Plum Sauce：Sautéed Salted Duck with Hot Spicy Sauce：Crispy Boneless Duck：Deep-Fried Duck in Lotus Leaf：Crispy Shredded Duck：Deep-Fried Goose Liver Roll with Taro：Braised Goose Feet with Sea Cucumber：Braised Dried Goose and Lettuce in Spicy Sauce：Grilled Goose Liver with Matsutake：Pan-Fried Goose Liver：Pan-Fried Goose Liver with Wild Mushrooms：Fried Goose Liver，Sichuan Style：Roast Goose, Chaozhou Style：Braised Pigeon：Stewed Quail with Aweto：Braised Quail Breast with Black Bean Sauce：Crispy Quail with Sesame：Sautéed Pigeon Breast in XO Sauce：Steamed Pigeon with Mushrooms and Ham：Sautéed Minced Pigeon with Sliced Vegetables ：Crispy Pigeon：Roast Pigeon：Steamed Pigeon in Lotus Leaves：Braised Pigeon Breast in Red Wine：Sautéed Pigeon Breast in Lemon Sauce：Pan-Fried Pigeon Breast：Sautéed Minced Pigeon on Lettuce Leaf：Sautéed Sliced Pigeon Breast with Vegetables：Stewed Pigeon with Gastrodia Tuber：Fried Sliced Pigeon with Ham：Salted Duck Egg：Marinated Egg：Boiled Egg：Egg Preserved in Rice Wine：Poached Egg：Fried Eggs：Fried Eggs with Chopped Chinese Toon Leaves ：Crab Meat with Egg White：Scrambled Egg with Shrimp Paste：Scrambled Egg with Leek：Scrambled Egg with Scallion：Steamed Egg with Clams：Scrambled Egg with Chicken Liver：Scrambled Egg with Mushroom：Scrambled Egg with Ham：Bird’s Nest with Pigeon Egg：Quail Egg with Vegetables：Fried Minced Meat and Quail Egg：Pan-Fried Eggs with Minced Pork and Vegetables ：Egg CustardLamb：Sautéed Lamb Slices with Scallion：Sautéed Lamb Filet with Garlic：Braised Lamb Chops with Carrots：Sautéed Diced Lamb with Scallion：Roast Lamb Tenderloin：Roast Lamb Leg：Pot-Stewed Lamb Leg：Sautéed Sliced Lamb with Pepper and Parsley：Lamb with Tofu Skin en Casserole：Fried Lamb Chops Wrapped in Paper：Dried Lamb with Wild Truffles：Grilled Lamb Chops：Roasted Lamb：Mongolian Boiled Lamb：Mongolian Hot Pot：Braised Lamb in Brown Sauce：Stewed Lamb in Brown Sauce：Double Boiled Lamb Soup：Sautéed Spicy Lamb：Sautéed Lamb Tripe：Roast Whole Lamb：Fried Lamb with Cumin：Lamb Spine Hot PotVegetables：Sautéed Lily Bulbs and Seaweed in XO Sauce：Sautéed Pumpkin with Lily Bulbs：Poached Chinese Cabbage with Chestnuts：Scalded Seasonal Vegetable：Sautéed Chinese Broccoli：Sautéed Lettuce：Sautéed Seasonal Vegetable：Sautéed Bitter Melon Peel in Black Bean Sauce：Sautéed Snow Peas with Scallion：Sautéed Green Peas and Sweet Corn：Braised Shanghai Greens with Black Mushrooms：Sautéed Indian Lettuce with Diced Fish in Black Bean Sauce ：Braised Asparagus with Scallops：Sautéed Bitter Melon。
介绍旅游管理的英文作文
介绍旅游管理的英文作文Title: Exploring the Dynamics of Travel Management。
Introduction。
Travel management is a multifaceted field that encompasses various aspects of planning, organizing, and executing travel-related activities. It plays a crucialrole in the tourism industry, facilitating seamless experiences for travelers while ensuring the efficient operation of travel services. In this essay, we delve into the intricacies of travel management, examining its key components, challenges, and the evolving landscape of the industry.Understanding Travel Management。
At its core, travel management involves the coordination of resources and services to meet the diverse needs of travelers. This includes everything from itineraryplanning and accommodation arrangements to transportation logistics and destination activities. Effective travel management requires a comprehensive understanding of customer preferences, budget constraints, and regulatory requirements.Key Components of Travel Management。
旅游服务实用英语unit 1
Lily: How many pieces of luggage do you have? Mr. Smith:48 and here they are. Shall we take them to the bus? Lily: No, you needn’t. I’ll ask the porter to take care of them. Mr. Smith: Thank you very much. Lily: Ladies and gentlemen, attention, please. Our bus is waiting outside. Now please follow me to the bus. (After they get on the bus, Lily counts the tourists. And then they will head for the hotel.) Lily: May I have your attention please? I wonder if everyone is on the bus. Mr. Smith: Sorry, but Jenny is not on. Ah, here she comes. Lily: Since everybody is on the bus, shall we go now? Mr. Smith: Yes,
Useful Patterns
1. How was your trip?你们旅途过得怎么样？ 2. Is everybody here now?大家都在这儿吗？ 3. Excuse me, sir. But are you Mr. William Smith?对不起，请问您是威 廉史密斯先生吗？ 4. I guess you must be Lily, our local guide.我想你一定是我们的地陪导 游丽丽吧。 5. I am Lily from China International Travel Service, Beijing branch.我是 丽丽，来自中国国际旅行社北京分社。 6. You have a group of 25, right?你们团共有25人，对吗？ 7. Ladies and gentlemen, attention, please.女士们，先生们，请注意了。 8. May I have your attention please?大家请注意好吗？ 9. I wonder if everyone is on the bus.我想知道大家是否都上了车。
旅游管理专业英文自我介绍（精选6篇）
旅游管理专业英文自我介绍（精选6篇）旅游管理专业英文篇1After completing my military service, I have been looking for a challenging goal for me to achieve. And I found that the Intermediate of General English Proficiency Test fits my new achievement properly.I graduated from T aipei Commercial Junior College, majored in business administration. Instead of spending much time in playing, I devoted myself to my studies and paid attention to all meaningful things happened in daily life. By the way, I learned a lot from Mr. Wang, the professor of my business class. He is my good friend till now an often gives some appropriate suggestions toward my problem confusion.My father is, in the same way, a good consultant to me. As he said: I am in poor education, little for you; to clarify, what he have given is far beyond his words, I do think so. I was born in a country of Ping Tung Country, farming is our career of generations. There are four people in my family, Mother is housewife and my brother is a student of an Agriculture College.I am optimistic and active, and I am confident that I can pass the test旅游管理专业英文自我介绍篇2I am a student majoring in T ourism Management in college. Upon graduation, a new beginning will come, waiting for me to continue to work hard to meet the challenge. Time shuttle, with a childhood dream, the ideal of youth leave school, go to work. I was thinking of four years, the knowledge structure and the psychology. Four years of mature growth. Strong learning benefits in the University of science and technology innovationatmosphere, four of which made me melt into a compound talents.The main task of the school is to learn, so I have a strong professional knowledge, and knowledge of the theory into practice, the final grades ranked the highest grade, scholarships for outstanding students of two, three and two times, won the title of professional three good student. I study computer, has almost fanatical the love of the computer, in the mastery of basic software and hardware maintenance process, has a unique experience. Smoothly through the national Ministry of labor and social security of high-tech office software application module qualification test in senior operator. Personal interests lead, into the school I attended the school of painting and Calligraphy Association, by the director The vice president, it is hard for me to pay and affirmation."There will be wind and waves, sail sea, full of enthusiasm, tenacious character, hard-working attitude, waiting for my opportunities and challenges! Seize this opportunity, contributing to the unit.旅游管理专业英文自我介绍篇3My name is * * *, the major of tourism management. I am a cheerful, confident sunshine girl. Cheerful personality makes me energetic, good with people; calm and confident so I have the courage to challenge themselves to try to learn new things. I will go after four years of learning journey, full of four years university life, cultivate my rigorous scientific thinking method, I also created a positive and optimistic attitude towards life and the pioneering spirit of innovation. In the university I constantly improve themselves, improve their own quality. On the basis of learning professional courses and public courses, I read, a solidfoundation for myself. I read a lot of extracurricular Books, constantly adding new knowledge, edify sentiment, to broaden their horizons. Moreover, I often attend the English corner activities, exercise the ability of spoken English, but also make many foreign friends.In thought, I have to party, on the one hand, strengthen ideological and moral construction of themselves, armed themselves from the thought; on the other hand, with the purpose of serving the people, to help others, social services, demands on themselves to be members of the strict requirements. Finally in the third year to join glory the Communist Party of Chinese, and in the year after the smooth positive.I actively participate in school organization during the period of school activities, exercise a certain communication ability. I served as the director of Public Relations Association and the University of * * * * literary society. Because of the ministers of the organization especially good at arts and sports, I served as the Department of Arts minister, Academy of art director and school dance association of Latin dance coach, and Football Team cheerleaders, organize and participate in the school held many performances and sports competitions. Haikou is the Golden Coast Lawton Hotel and Meritus Mandarin Hotel wedding celebration exclusive dance artists.School activities are enthusiastic to participate in the * * * * to * * * * * * * * * years by the school competition and the competition prize. * school activities are enthusiastic to participate in the * * month * * * * the game won the prize. As a student I have also repaired their focus on the social practice. In application, combined with the practice of the theory in thesummer to play I * * * * * * * * * * * *. skilled candidates in the summer internship I work in a company, has a solid foundation and strong interest in this aspect I made a lot of good solutions.As a graduating student, I am still very young, but I understand: a young man, can be through continuous learning to improve themselves, to prove himself in practice. I believe that a good self-learning ability and unremitting spirit can make me for my work. I am cheerful, generous, have strong communication ability and practical ability, good at interpersonal communication. To master the knowledge of good manners and hospitality experience, the flexibility and agility, flexibility to work in an emergency.旅游管理专业英文自我介绍篇4Dear Sir/Madam: Hello!my name is , is a student in College, Department of Tourism tourism management major, graduating. Thank you for taking the time to read my cover letter. College is a beautiful environment, strong teachers University, has a long history (teaching cases, papers, courseware, teaching) and excellent tradition in such a reputation for rigor, known for educating school under cultivation, both in knowledge, and in terms of personal qualities, I benefited from.In school, we have the following courses, travel regulations, the outline to tourism science, tour guide duties, basics of Hubei tour, national guide basic knowledge courses.As well as computer and Putonghua training. This will not only enrich their own or develop their own variety of skills. Most importantly, rigorous style of study and correct learning attitude shaped my simple, stable, innovative character.In addition, I also actively participate in various socialactivities, seize every opportunity to exercise their own. * Year of College, I deeply feel that working with other students, benefit me in the competition; to challenge the practical difficulty, let me grow up in frustration.Grandparents taught me diligence, responsibility, kindness, integrity; training at the University I am being pragmatic and pioneering style.I love your organization engaged in the cause, eagerly look forward to your leadership, building blocks for this glorious cause; and in the practice of continuous learning and progress. Collect pen at, I would like to say: regardless of whether you choose me, dear leader, I hope you can accept my sincere thanks! Looking forward to your early reply. I wish you success in your work! This salute!旅游管理专业英文自我介绍篇5My name is , I School of tourism management students.My personality is very outgoing, a Sunshine girl, and I'm also an energetic girl slowly filling, the experience of feeling always useful not to finish, there is a positive feeling, I am good with people, face life with a confident heart, dares to challenge yourself.During college, I continued to improve themselves, improving their own quality. as well as specialized courses and courses on the basis of my reading, has laid a solid foundation for yourself. I read a lot of books and continue to add new knowledge, cultivate and broaden their horizons.Not only that, I often take part in English corner activities organized by the school, practice their English speaking abilities, have made many foreign friends. During school I actively participate in school clubs, exercise a certain degree oforganization and communication skills.I have and literary and social organization, Director-General of the Association of public relations of the University. Due to the particularly good at art and sporting, I served as Minister of the Department of art, art director and Dance Association dance coach and the football team cheerleader, organized and participated in many theatrical performances organized by the campus activities and sporting activities.Haikou Golden Coast Lawton Hotel Mandarin orchard and the wedding celebration exclusive dance artists. During school I also actively participated in social activities, improve my social skills, and expand my knowledge. Because College public relations Association etiquette training, I work more than attended the opening ceremony of the ceremonial reception, do car show models. years x months also participated in the reception of the first annual Conference of the Economic Forum in Asia, and Hot Springs Hotel x certificate issued by the General Manager himself.I am a cheerful, generous, have strong communication and organizational skills and practical abilities, good communication. Mastery of ritual knowledge and working experience, flexible, responsive and flexible in dealing with the emergency. My ability is very strong, responsive, is a reassuring one.旅游管理专业英文自我介绍篇6I am students majored in tourism management. Graduation is coming, and a new start coming, waiting for me to continue to strive to meet the challenges.Time shuttle will leave schools with the ideal of childhood dreams, youth, on jobs. Four years I thought, knowledge structure and psychological, growth and maturity of up to fouryears. Benefits to the University a strong atmosphere of learning, innovation, fused four years made me a compound talents.In the school's main task is to study, so I have a strong professional knowledge and to apply theory to practice, the final final performance ranked highest in the year, access to excellent students scholarship twice a second, third, won the title of school-level student.My major is computer, on computers with an almost fanatical love, proficiency in the use of basic software and hardware maintenance, has a unique experience. Passed the national social and labor and Social Security Department of high-tech Office application software module advanced operator examination for the qualification.Hobbies under the lead of, into the school I attended the school of painting and calligraphy Association, by the Director-General to the Vice President, it is an affirmation of my pay and efforts.According to status of Polytechnic School atmosphere is not strong, organized a series of activities enrich campus life, was voted the first Philatelic Society for outstanding students. Organized intercollegiate and recreational activities, to achieve the desired objective, among teachers and students consent, individuals have been awarded the post West political scene the two schools of painting and calligraphy competition outstanding leaders.Static, such as Virgin, deliberate, 174cm height and outstanding skill, so I got on the pitch, basketball team at small forward with his teammates sweat, the taste of victory. Recitation is my university life an important sentiment.In addition, served as class Secretary and Assistant Instructorduring active service for students, outstanding contributions, won the title of excellent student cadres. Cleave, and set my cloudy sail straight and bridge the deep, deep sea, with full enthusiasm and strong character, diligent attitude and wait for my opportunities and challenges! seize this opportunity for units to make their modest.。
旅游中级英语(一)
远程教育学院期末复习大纲模板注：如学员使用其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点一、根据词义拼写单词1. free for use; available2. the work of providing food and drinks for meetings or social events3. something that is passed down from preceding generations4. freedom from time-consuming duties, responsibilities or activities5. serving to induce or motivate6. responsive to change; adaptable7. a capacity for belief8. a famous living person9. a tax you pay on something you buy10. the price you pay to travel somewhere by bus, train, plane, etc.11. a plane, bus, or train that makes regular short journeys between two places12. the cases, bags, etc. that you carry when you are travelling13. a large box-like car that can carry a lot of people14. a long and difficult journey, made especially on foot as an adventure15. a female person who serves passengers on a ship or aircraft16. a type of small magazine that contains pictures and information on a product or a company17. a customer or someone who receives services18. a method or way of expressing something19. containing a lot of connected parts or many complicated details20. having a legal forcethe place that someone or something is going to21. the system or type of money that a country uses22. someone whose job is to help and support people with problems23. the place where your bags are checked for illegal goods when you go into a country customs24. a person or company that represents another person or company, especially in business agent25. a shop, company, or organization through which products are sold26. a person or campany who seels good wholesale27. land that is rough and uneven28. a place where a lot of people go for holidays29. using, speaking, or written in several different languages30. likely to happen31. a large box-like car that can carry a lot of people二、单项选择：三、正误判断：1.The value of “balance of life”in Indonesia is positive to the eco-tourismdevelopment in this country.印度尼西亚“生命平衡”的价值观对于该国生态旅游发展是有积极作用的。
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Unit 1 The Sunshine IndustryTranslate into Chinese.1）Unlike physical “products”, say a car, you can never “test drive” a tourism product, say a destination. Decisions whether your client is going to buy your product or not have always been based on information and word of mouth.与物理的“产品”不一样，例如汽车，你永远不能“试驾”旅游产品，比如目的地。
决定你的客户是否会购买你的产品或不一直购买，已经是基于信息和口碑。
3) Consumers now have many more choices because the Internet gives moreproviders more opportunities to create direct consumer relationships and allows a wide variety of pricing.现在的消费者有更多的选择，因为互联网让更多的供应商有更多的机会去创造与消费者的直接关系，并且允许各种各样的定价。
5) The most important question is not whether the new technology will replace thetraditional ways of booking holidays, but rather how quickly this transition will occur.最重要的问题不在于新技术是否将取代传统的预订度假的方式，而是这种转变如何迅速发生。
Translate into English1) 尽管网络经济发展迅速，但网上营销观念还没有被中国的广大旅游企业所接受。
网上促销、网上预订，尤其是网上结算，对许多旅游企业来说还是陌生的。
Although the Internet economy has developed rapidly, online marketing concept has not been accepted by all the tourism enterprises of China. Online promotion and online booking, especially online settlement, is strange for many tourism enterprises.3) 旅游电子商务的前景相当广阔，尤其在酒店和机票这两个领域。
网络经济的优势就在于它不需要库存，一切都可以通过电话和鼠标完成。
Tourism electronic commerce has bright prospects, especially in the two areas of the hotel and air ticket. The advantage of the network economy is that it doesn't need to inventory; everything can be done by telephone and mouse.4）自1978年实行改革开放以来，我国旅游业取得了迅速发展，旅游设施和交通有了改进，不少历史名胜风景胜地均得到修复。
旅游业已经成为我国第三产业的一个重要组成部分。
Since 1978 since the implementation of reform and opening up, China's tourism industry has made rapid development, tourism facilities and traffic has improved, many historical scenic resorts were repaired. Tourism has become an important part of the third industry in china.Unit 2 Tourist TransportationTranslate into Chinese.1)No smoking will be permitted until the captain turns off the “No Smoking” sign,and at no time is smoking permitted in the lavatories.禁止吸烟将会被允许直到机长关闭“禁止吸烟”的标志，并且决不允许在洗手间内吸烟。
3)Clearly marked lavatories are located throughout the passenger cabin. Toiletriessuch as lotion and aftershave are available for use by our passengers. Please do not dispose of paper towels, plastic cups, or empty toothpaste tubes in the toilet bowl. These items should be thrown away in the designated trash bin next to the sink.清楚标明厕所位于整个客舱。
化妆品如乳液和须后水可以被我们的乘客使用。
请不要将纸巾，塑料杯，或空的牙膏扔到马桶里。
这些东西应该被丢弃在指定的垃圾桶旁边的水池中。
5)We obtain world-renowned products directly from the manufacturers and sellthem at very low prices and duty-free on our flight. Please check the brochure in your seat pocket.我们直接从制造商那儿获得世界著名的产品并且用非常低的价格出售他们，并且我们的航班免税。
请检查您的座椅口袋的小册子。
Translate into English1)几乎所有的机场都有一个共同点，那就是距离所在的城市较远，乘客常常要话几十分钟到一个小时甚至更多的时间才能到达机场。
Almost all airports have one thing in common, that is far from the city, passengers often spend dozens minutes to an hour or more time to get to the airport.2)除了私家车，乘客还可以乘坐公共交通工具到机场，但公共汽车和地铁较为不便，尤其在当乘客携带了大量行李的情况下，出租车的费用又较高，因此，有很多航空公司开通了巴士服务，专门将客人接送到机场。
In addition to private cars, passengers can take public transportation to the airport, but the bus and subway more inconvenience, especially in the case of when passengers carrying a large amount of luggage, the cost of the taxi and higher, therefore, there are many airlines launched a bus service, dedicated to the guest shuttle to the airport.4）机场安检集中探测武器、爆炸物和化学物品等，但也阻止未经授权人员进入控制区。
Airport security detects weapons, explosives and chemicals etc. and prevent unauthorized personnel into the control area.Unit 3 Tour OperatorsTranslate into Chinese.1)Travel may be one of the several means of satisfying a need, and although needsare felt by us, we do not necessarily express them, and we may not recognize how travel actually satisfies our particular needs.旅行可能是满足需要的几种方式之一，虽然需要是我们的感受，我们不一定要表达出来，我们可能没有意识到实际上的旅行怎么满足我们的特殊需要。
2)Before anyone can choose to undertake a holiday, they must become aware of thedestinations from which they can choose, and obtain information about these destinations.在任何人可以选择进行一个假期之前，他们必须意识到他们可以选择的目的地，并获得关于这些目的地的信息。
Translate into English2) 旅游批发商成功经营的关键因素之一就是制定合理的价格。
旅游产品的价格必须符合市场的需求，必须比其他同类产品的价格更具竞争力。
Tourism wholesaler’s management one of the key factors to success is to set reasonable prices. Tourism product price must conform to the demand of the market, must be more competitive price than other similar products.5）旅游批发商认识到海外旅游市场的巨大潜力，致力于提高市场占有率，同时为开拓市场，还积极鼓励国内旅游者到海外旅行。
Tourism wholesalers to realize overseas tourist market of huge potential, working to improve market share, to expand the market, at the same time also actively encourage domestic tourists to travel abroad.Unit 4 Travel AgentsTranslate into Chinese.1)Travel agents may specialize not only in the selection of products they offer, but inthe markets they serve. The clearest distinction is between those that focus on business travel and those that concentrate on leisure travel.旅行社可能不仅专门在他们所提供的生产产品中选择，而且还有他们的市场服务。