非谓语做定、状、补
非谓语动词作定语和宾语补足语总结

非谓语动词作定语和宾语补足语总结非谓语动词是指不带有谓语成分的动词形式,包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词、过去分词。
在句子中,非谓语动词可以用作定语和宾语补足语,用于修饰名词或补充说明动作的情况。
本文将对非谓语动词作定语和宾语补足语的用法进行总结。
一、非谓语动词作定语非谓语动词作定语时,通常与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主动或被动关系。
常见的用法有以下几种:1. 动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语时,说明所修饰名词的用途、目的、结果等。
常见结构为“名词 + 不定式”,不定式可以是带to的原形,也可以是不带to的原形。
例如:- 他有个完全实现梦想的机会。
- 这个女孩太害羞了,从不和人交流。
2. 动名词作定语动名词作定语时,表示该名词的用途、目的、结果等。
常见结构为“动名词 + 名词”。
例如:- 听力训练是学习英语的重要环节。
- 这本书是关于如何提高写作技巧的。
3. 现在分词作定语现在分词作定语时,表示所修饰名词正在进行的动作或状态。
常见结构为“现在分词 + 名词”。
例如:- 拉着行李箱的女人是我的妈妈。
- 那个躺在床上的男孩是我的弟弟。
4. 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语时,表示所修饰名词已经完成的动作或状态。
常见结构为“过去分词 + 名词”。
例如:- 这本被翻阅过许多次的书籍是我的宝贝。
- 我看过的那部电影非常精彩。
二、非谓语动词作宾语补足语非谓语动词作宾语补足语时,用于补充说明宾语的动作或状态。
常见的用法有以下几种:1. 动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语时,说明宾语完成的动作。
常见的结构为“动词 + 宾语 + 不定式”。
例如:- 我喜欢听音乐。
- 她希望学好英语。
2. 动名词作宾语补足语动名词作宾语补足语时,表示宾语的动作或状态。
常见结构为“动词 + 宾语 + 动名词”。
例如:- 我通常喜欢读书。
- 他不值得你浪费时间。
3. 现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾语补足语时,表示宾语正在进行的动作。
非谓语动词作定语和状语

A A. add B. to add C. adding D. added
3). The disc, digitally ______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded
B. recording
C. to be recorded D. being recorded
C Figure” award, a title _____ to ordinary
people for their contributions to
environmental protection.
A. being given B. is given
C. given
D. was given
不定式(to do)
②The question _b_e_i_n_g__d_is_c_u_s_s_e(ddiscuss) at the
meeting now is of quite importance.
③The question __t_o_b_e__d_i_s_cu__s_se_d(discuss) at the
meeting tomorrow is of quite importance.
A. are bought
B. bought
C. have been bought D. buying
解析:此题学生最易错选的答案为A或C。依据上面 陈述,填入A或C句子都有两个谓语动词,而此 处两个动词并非并列谓语,也不是分别出现在主 从句中,故答案有误。该题正确答案为B, bought through a computer为一过去分词短语作后 置定语,句中只有一个谓语can be lower than。当 然此题如改为Prices of daily goods which have been bought through…也是正确的,因为这一动 作出现在从句中。
非谓语动词作主宾表定状补

语法探究----非谓语动词(作主语,宾语,表语)主语宾语表语不定式(to do)否定形式:not to do 表示特定的某一次具体的动作。
①To finish thework in ten days isvery hard.②To change thewhole plan is verydifficult.{说明}有时可用it作形式主语,将作真正主语的不定式后置。
①It is very hard tofinish the work inten days.②It is very difficultto change thewhole plan.常跟在一些动词后作宾语,如decide/refuse/hope/agree/pretend/fail/manage/plan/ promise等①We agreed tomeet here.②He managed tocatch sight of somemountain goats.{说明}在下列结构中,用it作形式宾语而将作宾语的不定式后置。
find/think/consider it+adj. +to do③We thought itbetter to start early.④I find it hard to表示将来的打算或目的。
①His wish is to buya car in the nearfuture.他的愿望是在不久的将来买辆车。
②The next step isto make sure of thetime.下一步是把时间弄清楚。
work with him.--ing形式(doing)否定形式:not doing 表示经常性的抽象的行为。
①Swimming is abest sport insummer.②Living without anaim is like sailingwithout acompass(指南针).{说明}在下列句型中唱常用it作形式主语。
非谓语动词作表语宾补定语和状语

改错
1.I found the game excited. exciting
2.In their spare time, they are interesting in interested
planting vegetables in their garden which is
on the rooftop of their house.
A. reducing B.to reduce C.reduced D.reduce
B 6.There is a great deal of evidence(证据) _______ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
friends. A.separated B.spared C.lost D.missed
A 8.---Did you meet anyone ________ at the party
---No, in fact, I found the party rather _________. interesting;boring interested;boring interesting;bored interested;bored
3.My father was so pleasing that he pleased
suggested I go to England for a holiday.
4.My friend Nick told me a story about his
experience back in the US, which was very
D.being completed
have sth. to do 有某事要做 在这个句型中,to do 用主动形式表被动
非谓语动词doing的用法总结

非谓语动词doing的用法总结
非谓语动词doing的用法总结如下:
1. 做主语:Doing exercises regularly helps improve physical fitness.
经常做运动有助于提高身体健康。
2. 做宾语:I enjoy doing yoga.
我喜欢做瑜伽。
3. 做定语:A living room is a place for doing various activities.
客厅是进行各种活动的地方。
4. 做补语:He kept on doing the same mistake.
他一直在犯着同样的错误。
5. 做状语:She left, doing her best to hide her tears.
她离开时,竭尽全力掩饰自己的眼泪。
6. 做同位语:Her favorite hobby, doing crossword puzzles, keeps her mind sharp.
她最喜欢的爱好——填字游戏,使她的头脑保持敏锐。
7. 做宾语补足语:We found him sitting alone in the park.
我们发现他独自坐在公园里。
总结:非谓语动词doing可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、定语、补语、状语、同位语以及宾语补足语的角色。
非谓语动词

非谓语动词:Ving可以作主、宾、表、定、状、补成分Ved可以作表、定、状、补成分不定式(to do形式)可以作主、宾、表、定、状、补成分1、作定语时三者的区别:Ving强调动作正在进行(主动语态表主动进行,被动语态表被动进行)Ved表被动完成To do表即将发生的动作2、作宾补时的区别:Ving强调动作正在进行Ved强调被动完成To do强调将来或表意愿3、作表语时的区别:1)、Ving:具有名词意义的Ving作表语表明主语是什么;具有形容词意义的Ving作表语表明主语怎么样,译为“令人…..的”2)、Ved:用作表语的Ved的被动意味较弱,主要强调动作的完成,此时相当于一个形容词,用来表明主语所处的状态;表感觉的过去分词(如:surprised、excited等),常用作表语,表主语感到怎么样(此类动词常可以用“very”修饰);短暂性动词的Ved形式作表语,常放在Be动词或系动词之后,表示动作的不连续。
3)、不定式(to do):表愿望或即将发生的动作,常放在系动词或者be动词之后,更强调主语与标语结构的对等4、作状语时的区别:Ving可以充当以下的状语成分:时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随状语。
其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致,即句子主语为该非谓语动作的施行者。
Ved可以充当以下的状语成分:时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随状语。
句子主语为该非谓语动作的承受者To do可以充当以下的状语成分:原因、结果、目的状语比较:表时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随状语时:Ving-主语是分词动作的施行者;Ved-主语是分词动作的承受者表原因状语:Ving通常构成“being+形容词”的形式,类似系表结构,强调一种现状;Ved 句子主语是分词动作的承受者;to do只用于形容词之后表结果状语时:Ving引出来的是顺理成章的结果;不定式(to do)引出的是出乎意料的结果,并且其前常会有“only”、“just”修饰,并用“,”隔开。
作定语和状语的非谓语动词

作定语和状语的非谓语动词一、作定语1. 不定式一般表示将来的动作。
如:He is a very nice person to talk with.Edison was the first man to invent electric lights.2. -ing分词一般表示:1) 动作正在进行。
如:a sleeping child, developing countries2) 被修饰的名词的性质、特点等。
如:an interesting story, disappointing news3) 被修饰的名词的用途、性能等。
如:a swimming pool, a reading room3. 过去分词一般表示被动动作的完成或结束。
如:a broken cup, fallen leaves试比较:The meeting to be held tomorrow is important.The meeting being held tomorrow is important.The meeting held tomorrow is important.二、作状语:1. 不定式一般表示目的、结果等。
如:To learn English well, he bought many English books and tapes. (目的)He woke up to find the ground covered with snow. (结果)2.-ing分词和过去分词一般表示时间、原因、条件和伴随状况等。
如:Wandering in the street, I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. (时间)Turning left, you will get to the bookstore. (条件)Frightened at the sight, she screamed. (原因)They stood there talking about something.(伴随)试比较:He hurried to the railway station, hoping to catch the train.(伴随)He hurried to the railway station to catch the train.(目的)注:作状语时,不定式、-ing分词和过去分词的逻辑主语一般要和句子的主语一致。
非谓语动词做定语和状语

to get He is lucky _______ here on time. to see I am happy ______ you again. to do Li Ming seemed willing _____ that. to hear I am sorry _______ that.
(作原因状语时常修饰表感情的形容词,表示 产生这种感情的原因.)
I hurried to get there only to find him out.
After that day they were separated, never to see each other again.
(only/ never to do 表示意料之外的结 果)
非
doing
谓语动词
to do
done
主语 to do done
定语
宾语
表语
状语
宾语补 足语
×
diong
×
. + to do
Li Ming was the first person to arrive. He always has a lot of meetings to attend. He is looking for a room to live in.
语态:主动
时态:正在进行 注意:并不是所有的 doing形式时态意义都很明显。
done作定语
done+ n./ pron. Look at the broken glasses.
n./ pron.+ done短语
I have a radio made in China. 语态:被动 时态意义往往不明显。 注意一些动词的固定用法: The little girl dressed in white is Mary. (be dressed in)
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非谓语做定、状、补
当一个句子中已有谓语时,其他动词要以非谓语的形式出现。
(一)非谓语做定语(定语常用来修饰名词) 详见顶尖P13
1.The building ___________ now is our school.
A. being built
B. to be built
C. built ( A )
2.The building ___________ last year was our school.
A. being built
B. to be built
C. built ( C )
3.The building ___________ next year is our school.
A. being built
B. to be built
C. built (B ) (二)非谓语做状语(状语常用来修饰动词或形容词)
1.___________ from the space, the earth is a blue sphere.
A. To see
B. Seeing
C. Seen (C )
2.______from space , we can see the earth is blue .
A. To see
B. Seeing
C. Seen (B )
3.___________ the cat, the mouse ran away.
A. To see
B. Seeing
C. Seen (B ) (三)非谓语做补语(补语常用补充) 详见顶尖P36
使役动词:have sb. do/done
Eg. I have my hair cut./ I have my car stolen.
make sb. do/ done
eg. I speak loudly to make myself heard.
eg. I speak slowly to make myself understood.
get sb. to do/ done
eg. I get the car started. 我启动车子。
leave sb/sth done
eg. I left a lot of homework unfinished yesterday. 我昨天留下很多家庭作业未做。
keep sb. doing/ done
eg. Keep sb. informed of
find sb. doing/ done
eg. When I wake up , I found myself surrounded by enemies.
The boss found the cook(厨师) smoking, so he was fired.。