2020普通高等学校高三英语(全国1卷)模拟试题八及答案
2020年普通高等学校招生统一考试模拟卷(八)
英语
本试卷6页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。.
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂。
A
It was several years ago when my wife asked me to meet her at the local department store on Black Friday morning.They had advertised a child's bike that she wanted to purchase for our son.We stood with a very large crowd,waiting for the manager to blow the whistle.After a while the whistle blew.It was like throwing a basket of chum into a tank of sharks.I told my wife that if we obtained a bike,fine,but if we did not,I was OK with that too.
As the boxes of bikes began to gradually decrease,I saw my opportunity to wrap my hands around the corner of one of them.I lifted it off and suddenly felt some mild resistance.I looked up to see one of the largest men I had ever seen in my life.Frightening was not enough to describe his presence.He was decorated with numerous leather belts with metal buttons around both arms and even his neck.Tattoos(纹身)were an obvious passion of his.
I started to loosen the box but he gently pushed it back in my direction and back into my hands.He then directed it into my shopping cart.He looked at me,smiled,and said,“Merry Christmas.”
My wife and I went to the checkout,paid for the bike and went home.All the way home I was thinking that this moment was by far the best Christmas gift I had ever received.The kindness of a human heart in a simple act of a stranger broke all preconceived notions(先入为主)I may have had.I will never forget it.
1．What does the underlined word“chum”mean in Paragraph1?
A．Gifts.B．Food.
C．Goods.D．Souvenirs.
2．Why did the author loosen the box when seeing the man?
A．The author didn't want to buy it.B．The man needed it more.
C．The author was frightened by the man.D．The man got the box first.
3．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Best Christmas Gift.B．The Largest Man I Have Ever Seen.
C．An Unforgettable Bike.D．A Shopping Experience.
B
As technology in the security field advances,so does the intelligence of the burglars in prevailing over this technology.Gone are the days when a simple alarm system,connected to your phone line,was enough to protect you from potential security risks.
Cellular alarm systems(蜂窝报警系统)are a replacement of the traditional wired phone line security networks.These systems work just like your cell phone.A cellular module is placed in the main control panel and it sends signals,without the use of wires,to the monitoring station.The cellular signal is sent via the data part of a cellular signal,much like a text message.
Sensors can be placed anywhere in your house.Whenever there is an emergency,the relevant sensor picks up the unusual activity and sends a cellular signal to the main control panel.The control panel serves more than one purpose,which sends a cellular signal at the same time to the monitoring service at the back end.The monitoring service later informs the relevant authorities in the form of high-pitched sirens(高音警笛声).Typically it takes a few minutes for emergency services to arrive at the scene.Depending on the efficiency of your monitoring service and the local authorities,help should arrive soon and deal with the potential threats.
It allows you to monitor your house remotely.All you have to do is simply access the cameras from your phone and keep a check for any unusual activities while you are not around.With cellular technology securing your house,you don’t have to worry about the power failure or even burglars cutting your phone lines.
Since these systems operate on batteries,you should be careful about when the batteries die out.There might be other appliances including microwave ovens and WiFi in the house that can cause disruption(干扰).Ensure that your cellular alarm system's range is not affected by the presence of these appliances. Many homeowners tend to go for wireless systems due to the ease of installation(安装）factor.However，keep in mind that a non-professional installation might actually leave the system easy to damage. 4．What do the underlined words''prevailing over''mean in Paragraph1?
A．Improving.B．Defeating.
C．Worrying about.D．Looking into.
5．How can the authorities know an emergency is happening?
A．They hear high-pitched sirens.
B．They read the cellular signal.
C．They check the control panel online.
D．They notice the unusual activity via sensors.
6．What can we know about the cellular alarm system?
A．It looks like a phone.B．It is energy-saving.
C．It needs to be improved.D．It is wireless.
7．What's the purpose of the last paragraph?
A．To give cautions about the system.
B．To introduce the benefits of the system.
C．To call on people to watch out for security risks.
D．To teach people to install the system correctly.
C
BluePlanetII's latest episode(情节)focuses on how plastic is having a destructive effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures.Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth,the Mariana Trench,have plastic in their stomachs.Indeed,oceans are drowning in
plastic.
Though it seems that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics,plastics are a remarkably recent invention.The first plastic bags were introduced in the1950s,the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining popularity in the United States.This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change.Plastics pollution research,for instance,is still a very early science.
We put all these plastics into the environment,but we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be.What we do know,though,is disturbing.Ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year.Nearly700species,including endangered ones,are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles,which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish,have been found with plastic in their bellies.Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis.By2050,that figure is expected to rise to100percent.
And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas.Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat.I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster,worth mentioning in the same breath as climate change.But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean trash deniers(否认者),at least so far.To do something about it,we don't have to remake our planet energy system.
This is not a problem where we don't know what the solution is.We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it.We know how to deal with it.We know how to recycle.We can all start by thinking twice before we use single-use plastic products.Things that may seem ordinary,like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag-when taken collectively,these choices really do make a difference.
8．Why is plastics pollution research still a very early science?
A．The plastics pollution research is too difficult.
B．Plastics have produced less pollution than coal.
C．Plastics have gained popularity too fast for science to catch up.
D．The world couldn't possibly function without plastics.
9．How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph3?
A．By citing quotes from leading experts.B．By making a comparison and contrast.
C．By listing examples from his own experience.D．By presenting solid statistics.
10．What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?
A．We reap what we sow.B．The shortest answer is doing.
C．All things are difficult before they are easy.D．Actions speak louder than words.
11．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The oceans become choked with plastic.B．Ocean plastic is a global issue. C．BluePlanetII has left viewers heartbroken.D．Plastics gain in popularity all over the world.
D
“If I only had a little humility,I’d be perfect,”the media giant Ted Turner supposedly said sometime in the1990s.Why be modest?Aristotle said:“All men by nature desire to know.”Intellectual humility is a particular instance of humility,since you can be down-to-earth about most things but still ignore your mental limitations.
Intellectual humility means recognising that we don’t know everything.Actually,it means we should acknowledge that we're probably biased in our belief about just how much we understand and seek out the sources of wisdom that we lack.
The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless knowledge at our fingertips. But,by making us lazy,they have opened up a space that ignorance can fill.The psychologist Tania
Lombrozo of the University of California explained how technology enhances our illusions(错觉)of wisdom.She argues that the way we access information is critical to our understanding—and the more easily we can recall an image,word or statement,the more likely we’ll think we’ve successfully learned it,and so withdraw from effortful cognitive processing.Logical puzzles presented in an unfriendly font(字体),for example,can encourage someone to make extra effort to solve them.Yet this approach runs counter to the nice designs of the apps and sites that populate our screens,where our brain processes information in a“smooth”way.What about all the information that presents online? Well,your capacity to learn from it depends on your attitudes.Intellectually humble people don’t hide or ignore their weaknesses.In fact,they see them as sources of personal development,and use arguments as an opportunity to refine their views.People who are humble by nature tend to be more open-minded and quicker to resolve disputes,since they recognise that their own opinions might not be valid.
At the other end of the scale lies intellectual arrogance.Such arrogance almost always originates from the egocentric bias–the tendency to overestimate their own virtue or importance,ignoring the role of chance or the influence of other people’s actions on their lives.This is what makes these people credit success to themselves and failure to circumstance.From an evolutionary perspective,intellectual arrogance can also be seen as a way of achieving dominance through forcing one’s view on others. Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental resources in discussion or working towards group consensus,thus making it hard for groups to work successfully.
The Thrive Center for Human Development in California,which seeks to help young people tum into successful adults,is funding a series of major studies about intellectual humility.Their hypothesis is that humility,curiosity and openness are key to a fulfilling life.“Without humility,you are unable to learn,”Laszlo Bock,Google’s Head of People Operations,notes.
12．The passage is mainly about______.
A．the harm arrogance does to us
B．the key elements to a fulfilling life
C．the significance of intellectual humility
D．the way people access information online
13．Technology enhances our illusions of wisdom because it______.
A．enables people to think critically
B．offers too much unreliable information
C．allows easy access to abundant information
D．makes it hard for people to recall information
14．According to Para.3,intellectually humble people______.
A．value others’opinions more than their own
B．use online information to better themselves
C．are unwilling to show their strengths
D．prefer to solve difficult problems
15．The author will probably agree that______.
A．intellectual arrogance is the result of evolution
B．intellectually arrogant people often lack team spirits
C．successful people are often unaware of their limitations
D．circumstances don’t favor intellectually arrogant people
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fiction books tend to be much more popular than self-improvement books.Fiction books are designed and written in such a way as inspires you to continue reading them.On the other hand,non-fiction books in the self-improvement field are intended to help you settle a problem or reach a specific goal.In most cases, these types of books aren't written in the form of stories.16Self-improvement books can open up all kinds of future chances for you.You'll learn new things,be inspired,and develop a deep love for practical knowledge and wisdom.17
You'll be able to use the ideas and advice that you learn in your daily life.And once you do this,you'll be likely to get positive results.
18The secret is to understand your present situation and to have a clear vision of what you hope to achieve in the future.The ideal self-improvement book will be one that fits your present needs.19 In this way,you can identify all the problems you're facing.Once you've recognized a problem,try to figure out the cause behind it.Then keep the problem and the cause in mind when you come to choose a book.
A keyword search of an online bookseller's listing will usually throw up dozens or even hundreds of results.20For example,you can read the foreword,look at comments and consider whether the book can give you the answers you need.The whole process may take you some time but it'll be worth it. A．And what's the most exciting thing?
B．They read specifically for self-improvement and success.
C．So you need to take a good look at yourself and your life.
D．Then,how can we choose a right self-improvement book?
E.This leads many people to believe the books are boring to read.
F.After picking the book,keep your desired answer in mind as you read.
G.However,there are many things you can do to narrow these results down.
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Winters are always long and cold in North China.The winter of2008was especially tough in onesouthwestern city,21it became extremely cold and itwas also a difficult time for me.What was worse,a(n)22injury happened to me and it might keep me in bedfor several months,“Just in time for the Spring Festival,”my mother said to me,sighing.But how could I feel the23when the snow was so heavy and I had months of physical24ahead?
One day I was doing my housework25there wasa tap against the window from a branch of the troublesome fruit tree.On hearing this,with my eyes closed,slowly,I began to recall the fall of1995when somebody placed apipe from my pump next to the26.The earth was so wet that it27 immediately with most its bare rootsupward.Seeing this,my mother28to pull it out,but I refused．“How hard it’s trying!”I said,29the direction of its strong holding of the earth.“It is30 of a chance to survive.”With tools,we31dry soilaround the tree and put up some supports into the ground,making it32upright.
Several months had passed before Icould be33of it.Surprisingly,when spring returned,my “rescue34”had grown some leaves and many35.In2009that little rescue stick had grown into a toweringtree.What an unbelievable miracle of life!
The day before the Spring Festival,the36at thewindow was continuing,the more fierce wind, the37sound,as if to remind me to look up and appreciate its powerful life.
That night I slept peacefully having a(n)38.In the dream some flowers were coming out
39.The next morning I stood against the window.40the window was the tree bursting with life. Anyway,I had awonderful Spring Festival that year.
21．A．where B．which C．when D．that 22．A．admirable B．terrible C．favorable D．slight
23．A．duty B．joy C．cold D．failure 24．A．treatment B．report C．exercise D．experiment 25．A．while B．as C．when D．that 26．A．window B．tree C．branch D．wall
27．A．stood up B．came out C．got out D．fell down 28．A．decided B．pretended C．failed D．continued 29．A．attaching to B．watching over C．looking into D．pointing to 30．A．confident B．proud C．worthy D．certain
31．A．threw B．turned C．needed D．placed
32．A．bend B．drop C．stand D．swing 33．A．aware B．tired C．worthwhile D．proud
34．A．tool B．stick C．pipe D．pump
35．A．roots B．nuts C．flowers D．stems 36．A．tapping B．striking C．attacking D．hitting
37．A．more B．most C．better D．best
38．A．idea B．walk C．rest D．dream 39．A．politely B．shyly C．passively D．wildly
40．A．On B．Outside C．Inside D．Besides
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How to Avoid the Coronavirus?Wash Your Hands
As a New York Times reporter in China,I covered the SARS outbreak in2002and200341．a new virus was first detected in Guangdong.My two children attended elementary school in Beijing throughout the outbreak.
The International School of Beijing,where my children were students,42．(be)one of the few in Beijing that stayed open.
The school conducted several simple precautionary43．(measure):a serious note to parents warning them that students would44．(screen)for fevers with ear thermometers at the school door.There was
no45．(share)of food at lunch.The teacher led the kids to wash their hands46．(frequent)throughout the day at classroom sinks,while singing a“hand washing song”47．(ensure)they did more than a quick pass under the faucet(水龙头)with water only.
With all these,I observed something of48．public health miracle:Not only did no child get SARS,but it seemed no student was infected49．anything at all for months on end.
The World Health Organization declared the SARS outbreak contained in July2003.But,oh,those habits persisted.The best ways of50．(prevent)against SARS or the new coronavirus are the ones that Grandma taught us.
第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（?）,并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
How is it going?Hearing that you have trouble make small talk with strangers in China,I’d like to offer you my advices.
Firstly,it is normal to feel a bit of nervous when approaching someone new.Everyone gets little shy first;after all,you don’t know how the person is like.The only way was to get over being shy and approach us.Secondly,Chinese people,especially youngsters,are general friendly,kind and enthusiastic.You can talk about almost everything range from sports,film stars,hot movies to music. Thirdly,there are some sensitive topics such like age,weight and income,which should be avoided.
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
假定你叫李华，作为一名学生会主席，你发邮件邀请美国老师Peter来学校讲一堂课，并告诉他准备以下内容。
内容包括：
1.自我介绍；
2.对两国中学教育理念和方式的异同进行比较；
3.谈谈对学校的印象。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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参考答案：
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
1—15BCA BADA CDBA CCBB
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
16—20EADCG
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)
21—40ABBAC BDADC DCABC ACDDB
第二节
41．when
42．was
43．measures
44．be screened
45．sharing
46．frequently
47．to ensure
48．a
49．with
50．prevention
第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)
1.第二句make→making
2.第二句advices→advice
3.第三句去掉a bit后的of
4.第四句中get后加a
5.第五句how→what
6.第六句was→is
7.第六句us→them
8.第七句general→generally
9.第八句range→ranging
10.第九句like→as
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
Dear Peter,
I am Li Hua,president of the Student Union.I am writing to formally invite you to give a lecture. Would you please be so kind as to prepare for the content as follows?
Firstly,it would be nice if you could do a brief self introduction to our audience as a starter. Secondly,please make a general comparison of the similarities and differences on the educational ideas and teaching methods between China and https://www.360docs.net/doc/3d12759758.html,stly,your impression of our school will be appreciated as the closing of the lecture.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
高三历史高考模拟检测试题及答案
高三第一次模拟测试 历史 第一卷 一、选择题（本大题有25小题，每小题3分，共75分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求） 1．孔子主张“仁者，爱人”，墨子主张“兼爱”“非攻”，孟子主张“政在得民”。这些主张产生的共同的社会背景是 A．社会动荡矛盾尖锐 B．百家争鸣趋于合流 C．奴隶制度全面崩溃 D．封建制度最终形成 2．下图为陕西出土的东汉牛耕画像石，对该“画像石”说法不正确的是 A.表明东汉开始出现二牛一人的犁耕方式 B.是研究中国古代农业的第一手材料 C.还可以用于研究中国古代艺术发展情况 D.反映了中国古代农业的精耕细作水平 3．右图为宋代济南刘家功夫针铺印记。其上部文字为：“济南 刘家功夫针铺”；中部文字为“认门前白兔儿为记”；下部文字为 “收买上等钢条，造功夫细针，不误宅院使用，转买兴贩，别有加 饶，请记白”。作为直接证据，它可用以研究宋代的①商业广告②印刷技术③商标意识④专利技术
A．①② B．②③ C．①②③ D．①②③④ 4．朱元璋在总结元亡时说：“主荒臣专，威服下移，由是法度不行，人心涣散，遂至天下大乱。”。朱元璋认为元亡的主要原因是 A.皇权旁落，丞相专权 B.干弱枝强，地方割据 C.法度不行，人心涣散 D.元行暴政，农民暴动 5．京剧艺术是中华民族的文化瑰宝，是具有鲜明民族特色和高度美学成就的戏剧艺术。下列关于京剧的表述，不正确的是 A．最早形成于北京地区 B．是中国古代戏曲成熟的标志 C．清朝时期成为广泛流行的新剧种 D．有许多南方戏曲的特点 6．据统计，19世纪40代下半期，广州对外贸易的绝对值出现下降的趋势，对英国的贸易总额由3100万元下降到1600万元，来广州的美国商船由93艘下降到70艘。上述现象出现的主要原因是 A．广东人民抵制洋货 B．《南京条约》开放五口通商 C．自然经济的逐步瓦解 D．清政府限制广州对外贸易 7．“天兵来杀妖，全为穷乡亲。打下南京城，就把田地分。”这首反映太平天国运动的歌谣中，对其隐含的信息表述不正确的是 A．反对专制腐朽的旧制度 B．有宗教化的宣传领导组织 C．革命的目标是占领南京 D．有平均分配土地的倾向 8．从1895年开始，在短短的lO多年时间里，张謇的企业从一个扩大到20多个，形成了一个以纺织为主跨行业的资本企业集团。这主要得益于 A．外资企业刺激和洋务企业的诱导 B．群众性的反帝爱国运动高涨 C．列强放松对中国的经济侵略 D．清政府放宽对民间办厂的限制 9．孙中山先生认为：“世界潮流，浩浩荡荡，顺之则昌，逆之则亡。”纵观孙中山的一生，他顺应世界潮流的做法有①提出三民主义②提倡实业救国③推动国共第一次合作④领导北伐战争
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