西南财经大学考博英语真题2011答案解析
2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南财经大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：91
2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南财经大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题You’ll have to change your （）of life now that you have got a baby.问题1选项A.formB.moldC.moodD.mode【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。
form意为“形状，形式”；mold意为“模型，压模”；mood意为“心情”；mode 意为“方式，风格，样式”。
由change your ____ of life（改变你的生活____）可知D选项最符合逻辑，mode of life表示“生活方式”。
句意：既然你有了孩子，你就必须改变你的生活方式。
2.单选题There are several possible explanations for the great job （）in Japan in contrast to the great job mobility in the United States.问题1选项A.creativityB.securityC.credibilityD.stability【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。
creativity创造性；security安全性；credibility确实性；stability稳定性。
句意：与美国巨大的工作流动性相比，日本的工作稳定性高是有一些合理的解释的。
根据下文的mobility 可推测，两者形成对比，所以选项D正确。
3.单选题When making modern cameras people began to （）plastics for metal.问题1选项A.surroundB.substanceC.stretchD.substitute【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
surround “包围”；substance “物质；实质”；stretch “伸展，拉紧”；substitute “替代，代替”。
【最新】2011年考研英语真题及答案完整解析
2011 年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile –or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around __20__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.1．[A]among [B]except [C]despite [D]like2．[A]reflect [B]demand [C]indicate [D]produce3．[A]stabilizing [B]boosting [C]impairing [D]determining4．[A]transmit [B]sustain [C]evaluate [D]observe5．[A]measurable [B]manageable [C]affordable [D]renewable6．[A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In addition [D]In brief7．[A]opposite [B]impossible [C]average [D]expected8．[A]hardens [B]weakens [C]tightens [D]relaxes9．[A]aggravate [B]generate [C]moderate [D]enhance10．[A]physical [B]mental [C]subconscious [D]internal11．[A]Except for [B]According to [C]Due to [D]As for12．[A]with [B]on [C]in [D]at13．[A]unless [B]until [C]if [D]because14．[A]exhausts [B]follows [C]precedes [D]suppresses15．[A]into [B]from [C]towards [D]beyond16．[A]fetch [B]bite [C]pick [D]hold17．[A]disappointed [B]excited [C]joyful [D]indifferent18．[A]adapted [B]catered [C]turned [D]reacted19．[A]suggesting [B]requiring [C]mentioning [D]supposing20．[A]Eventually [B]Consequently [C]Similarly [D]ConverselySection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Ant hony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in theTimes, calls him “a n unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The wi despread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that diffe rence? Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.21. We learn from Par a.1 that Gilbert’s appointment has[A]incurred criticism.[B]raised suspicion.[C]received acclaim.[D]aroused curiosity.22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is[A]influential.[B]modest.[C]respectable.[D]talented.23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers[A]ignore the expenses of live performances.[B]reject most kinds of recorded performances.[C]exaggerate the variety of live performances.[D]overestimate the value of live performances.24. According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?[A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.[B]They are easily accessible to the general public.[C]They help improve the quality of music.[D]They have only covered masterpieces.25. Regarding Gilbert’s role in r evitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels[A]doubtful.[B]enthusiastic.[C]confident.[D]puzzled.Text 2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspira tions. And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managerscautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:”I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”Those who jumped without a job haven’t always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted,” says one headhunter. “The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”26.When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as being[A]arrogant.[B]frank.[C]self-centered.[D]impulsive.27. According to Paragraph 2, senior executives’ quitting may be spurred by[A]their expectation of better financial status.[B]their need to reflect on their private life.[C]their strained relations with the boards.[D]their pursuit of new career goals.28.The word “poached” (Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably means[A]approved of.[B]attended to.[C]hunted for.[D]guarded against.29.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that[A]top performers used to cling to their posts.[B]loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated.[C]top performers care more about reputations.[D]it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?[A]CEOs: Where to Go?[B]CEOs: All the Way Up?[C]Top Managers Jump without a Net[D]The Only Way Out for Top PerformersText 3The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional “paid” media – such as television commercials and print advertisements –still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create “owned” media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media , such marketers act as the initiator for users’ responses. But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media –for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend ,which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities tolearn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.31.Consumers may create “earned” media when they are[A] obscssed with online shopping at certain Web sites.[B] inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them.[C] eager to help their friends promote quality products.[D] enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products.32. According to Paragraph 2,sold media feature[A] a safe business environment.[B] random competition.[C] strong user traffic.[D] flexibility in organization.33. The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned media[A] invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers.[B] can be used to produce negative effects in marketing.[C] may be responsible for fiercer competition.[D] deserve all the negative comments about them.34. Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of[A] responding effectively to hijacked media.[B] persuading customers into boycotting products.[C] cooperating with supportive consumers.[D] taking advantage of hijacked media.35. Which of the following is the text mainly about ?[A] Alternatives to conventional paid media.[B] Conflict between hijacked and earned media.[C] Dominance of hijacked media.[D] Popularity of owned media.Text 4It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “I love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter –nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampe n our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive – and newly single –mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing ? It doesn’t seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wond er if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in theirlives.Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own” (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.It’s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every wee k of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “ the Rachel” might make us look just a littl e bit like Jennifer Aniston.36.Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring[A]temporary delight[B]enjoyment in progress[C]happiness in retrospect[D]lasting reward37.We learn from Paragraph 2 that[A]celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.[B]single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.[C]news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.[D]having children is highly valued by the public.38.It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks[A]are constantly exposed to criticism.[B]are largely ignored by the media.[C]fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.[D]are less likely to be satisfied with their life.39.According to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is[A]soothing.[B]ambiguous.[C]compensatory.[D]misleading.40.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A]Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.[B]Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child rearing.[C]Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.[D]We sometimes neglect the happiness from child rearing.Part BDirections:The following paragraph are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs E and G have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)[A] No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr Menand points out, became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees.[B] His concern is mainly with the humanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should posses. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. At Harvard, Mr Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read”-they form a sort of social glue.[C] Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. There are simply too few posts. This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects: English departments awarded more bachelor’s degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. Fewer students requires fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of theses-writing, manyhumanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained.[D] One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they can cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts educations and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. Many students experience both varieties. Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification.[E] Besides professionalizing the professions by this separation, top American universities have professionalised the professor. The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll. Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969a third of American professors did not possess one. But the key idea behind professionalisation, argues Mr Menand, is that “the kn owledge and skills needed for a particular specialization are transmissible but not transferable.”So disciplines acquire a monopoly not just over the production of knowledge, but also over the production of the producers of knowledge.[F] The key to reforming higher education, concludes Mr Menand, is to alter the way in which “the producers of knowledge are produced.”Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike, increasingly detached from the societies which they study, investigate and crit icize.”Academic inquiry, at least in some fields, may need to become less exclusionary and more holistic.”Yet quite how that happens, Mr Menand dose not say.[G] The subtle and intelligent little book T he Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree. They may then decide to go elsewhere. For something curious has been happening in American Universities, and Louis Menand, a professor of English at Harvard University, captured it skillfully.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)With its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing.(46) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature.Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter, we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and (47) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire, Allen concluded : “ We do not attract what we want, but what we are.” Achievement happens because you as a person embody the external achievement; you don’t “ get” success but become it. There is no gap between mind and matter.\Part of the fame of Allen’s book is its contention that “Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.”(48) This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.This ,however, would be a knee-jerk reaction to a subtle argument. Each set of circumstances, however bad, offers a unique opportunity for growth. If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed. In fat, (49)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation .Nevertheless, as any biographer knows, a person’s early life and its conditions are often the greatest gift to an individual.The sobering aspect of Alle n’s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves. (50) The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now webecome authorities of what is possible.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51.Directions:Write a letter to a friend of yours to1) recommend one of your favorite movies and 2) give reasons for your recommendation Your should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2Do not sign your own name at the end of the leter. User“LI MING” instead.Do not writer the address.(10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160---200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explai n it’s intended meaning, and3)give your comments.Your should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)旅程之“余”2011年考研英语一真题答案及详解Section I Use of English1-5 CDBBA 6-10 BADCA 11-15 BCDCB 16-20 DADAC1.C解析：语义逻辑题。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南财经大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：85
2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南财经大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be （）to work hard, with the result that tax revenues might actually shrink问题1选项A.cultivatedB.licensedC.motivatedD.innovated【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
cultivated“有教养的”；licensed“得到许可的”；motivated“有动机的”；innovated“改革的，创新的”。
句意：如果商人被收太重的税，他们将不再努力工作，结果就是税收收入会缩水。
选项C符合题意。
2.单选题The secretary （）the foreign minister of an interview he was to give that afternoon.问题1选项A.remindedB.reassuredC.consultedD.insured【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。
remind意为“提醒，使想起”，remind sb. of sth.意为“提醒某人某事”；reassure意为“使……安心，打消……的疑虑”；consult意为“商议，商量”；insure意为“保证”。
句意：秘书提醒外交部长那天下午他要进行一次采访。
3.单选题I have searched all the book stores in this town. The book you asked for is not （）. 问题1选项A.tediousB.vividC.availableD.sufficient【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。
tedious意为“冗长的，啰唆的，单调乏味的”；vivid意为“生动的，逼真的”；available意为“可找到的，可购得的，可获得的”；sufficient意为“足够的，充足的”。
西南财经大学考博英语真题2010答案解析
西南财经大学考博英语真题2010答案解析PartⅠV ocabulary1.A 译文：英国和法国即将举行会议商讨欧洲经济问题。
解析：固定搭配，hold a conference 举行会议，磋商。
2.C 译文：在电话中听到了儿子的声音时，她所有的恐惧和担忧便消失了。
解析：retire退休，离开；relay转播，接替；dissipate驱散，消散；tighten紧绷。
3.A 译文：新生训练营给即将来的学生提供了了解他们的新环境和新地方的机会。
解析：固定搭配，freshman orientation 入学教育，新生训练营。
Acquaintance熟人；directory目录；dictation命令，口述。
4.C 译文：每周都会有一次会议，会议鼓励工人将他们的不满报告给经理。
解析：annoyance烦恼，生气；disadvantage缺点，不利条件；grievance不满，不平，委屈；criticism批评，苛求。
5.D 译文：老师对这个学生在处理电脑时的才能感到惊讶。
解析：verse诗篇；version版本；variability变化性；versatility对才多艺，才能多。
6.D 译文：她的信写得很潦草，字迹又不清楚，几乎难以辨认。
解析：unintelligible莫名其妙的，无法了解的；vague含糊的，模糊的；ambiguous模棱两可的；illegible难辨认的，难读的。
7.A 译文：当第二天早上我走进餐厅时，发现前一天晚上的剩菜还放在桌上。
解析：虽然四个词都有“剩余，遗留下的”意思，但只有A ―remains ―可以表示“剩饭，剩菜”的意思。
8.A 译文：我们应该订阅那本新杂志。
解析：固定搭配，get a subscription to 订购，订阅。
prescription药方，处方；inscription 刻印；conscription征用，征兵。
9.C 译文：我希望改变我的研究生学习的专业，因为我了解到清华的计算机专业的竞争的激烈性。
西南大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析
西南大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly,courteous,and helpful most Americans were to them.To be fair,this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American.There are,of course, exceptions.Small-minded officials,rude waiters,and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US.Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.For a long period of time and in many parts of the country,a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence.Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another.Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion,and brought news of the outside world.The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality.Someone traveling alone,if hungry,injured,or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers.It reflected the harshness of daily life:if you didn't take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would.And someday,remember,you might be in the same situation.Today there are many charitable organizations which specializein helping the weary traveler.Yet,the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US,especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails.I was just traveling through,got talking with this American,and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner-amazing.Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon,but are not always understood properly.The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial,but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.As is true of any developed society,in America a complex set of cultural signals,assumptions,and conventions underlies all social interrelationships.And,of course,speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns.Visitors who fail to translate cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions.For example,when an American uses the word friend,the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor's language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest.Yet,being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.55.In the eyes of visitors from the outside world,________.（A）rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US（B）small-minded officials deserve a serious comment（C）Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors（D）most Americans are ready to offer help56.It could be inferred from the last paragraph that________.（A）culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship （B）courteous convention and individual interest are interrelated （C）various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends （D）social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions57.Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers ________.（A）to improve their hard life（B）in view of their long-distance travel（C）to add some flavor to their own daily life（D）out of a charitable impulse58.The tradition of hospitality to strangers________.（A）tends to be superficial and artificial（B）is generally well kept up in the United States（C）is always understood properly（D）has something to do with the busy tourist trails答案及试题解析55.（D）意为：大部分美国人乐于助人。
2007年西南财经大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】
2007年西南财经大学考博英语真题及详解Part I Vocabulary(15points,0.5point each)Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A.B.C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes thesentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single pencilline through the center.1.A number of______clients have expressed their interest in our business.A.possibleB.potentialC.originalD.relevant【答案】B【解析】potential潜在的。
possible可能的，可以接受的。
original最初的，原始的。
relevant有关系的。
2.I’m pleased to hear of your job offer—all that hard work at school has obviously______.A.paid offB.taken its tollC.made a differenceD.shown up【答案】A【解析】pay off回报，成功。
take its toll造成损失。
make a difference有很大不同。
showup露面。
3.Based on the______that every business is now free to formulate its own strategy in light of the changing market.I would predict a marked improvement in the efficiency of China’s economy.A.guidanceB.instructionC.premiseD.quantity【答案】C【解析】on the premise that在…的前提下。
MBA英语真题及答案详解(0000)
2011年MBA全国考试英语真题和解读Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, Cor D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that w ould require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on”systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12 .the approach would create a “walled garden”n cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem”in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transacti on runs”.Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach。
08、09年西南大学考博英语真题答案
第1套西南大学2011年博士研究生入学考试英语参考答案Part I1—5 BBCAC 6—10 AACAC 11—15 BBDBB 16—20 ACAAAPart II21—25 AABBD 26—30 CDDBA 31—35 DCBCC36—40 ACCAB 41—45 BCCDC 46—50 BDCABPart III51—55 DCDAC 56—60 CBCDC 61—65 ABABA 66—70 BBBADPart IV对初入职场的年轻人来说，位居次要是大有好处的。
匹斯堡杰出的企业家中有许多人在职业生涯开始时都谦卑从事，认为这才是成功的保证。
他们拿起扫把，用职业生涯的第一个小时来打扫办公室。
我注意到现在办公室都配备有清洁员，所以很不幸，我们的年轻人就错过了职业教育很有益处的一部分。
但是如果碰到有那么一个早晨，专职清洁员没有来上班，那么未来很有经商天赋的男孩会毫不犹豫的拿起扫把，经受锻炼。
如果有必要的话，打扫一下办公室对新人并不是一件坏事。
我就曾是这些“清洁员”中的一份子。
Part VThe life-long benefits of teaching children good money habits make it well worth the effort. Children who are not taught these lessons pay the consequences for a life-time. Some parents don’t teach children about money because they think they shouldn’t talk about money with children, don’t have the time, or think they don’t have enough money. Parents should take the time to teach children about money regardless of their income and should start when children are young.Most people have strong feelings and opinions about money, based on childhood experiences and the values and beliefs of their families. Most often, theses experiences, values, and beliefs are different for each parent. it is vital for the healthy development of children that parents talk about these feelings and opinions and establish a consistent approach to teaching children about money.Part VI (略)西南大学2010年博士研究生入学考试英语参考答案Part I1—5 BDDCA 6—10 BDBCC 11—15 ACCDC 16—20 ADBCBPart II21—25 DBCDA 26—30 BADAD 31—35ADABC36—40 CDBCA 41—45 CBDAD 46—50 ACDBAPart III51—55 DACAA 56—60 BDBDC 61—65 BDDCA 66—70 DCADAPart IV因为书籍有小说类，传记类，诗歌类，我们应区别地充分地使用它们，这说起来简单。
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西南财经大学考博英语真题2011答案解析PartⅠV ocabulary1.A 译文：从主干道不能进他们的屋子。
解析：固定词组，access to 进入，通往…的道路。
2.B 译文：每年尼亚加拉大瀑布观光胜地吸引着不计其数的人前去。
解析：tourist attraction观光胜地；attention注意力；appointment约定，任命；arrangement 布置，整理。
3.C 译文：每年迪士尼要替换掉差不多8000棵草木，因为迪士尼不愿意张贴禁止游客踩踏草木的标语。
解析：put down放下，记下；put out熄灭，出版；put up张贴；put off推迟。
4.B 译文：整个世界的犯罪数量在增加，我们有理由相信接下来的十年内这种趋势会继续。
解析：emergency紧急情况；trend趋势；pace步速；schedule计划。
5.C 译文：路上的大洞阻碍了交通。
解析：set back推迟，使受挫；stand back退后；hold up 阻挡，阻碍；keep down控制，镇压。
6.A 译文：我们的一贯政策是通过和平手段求团结。
解析：固定短语，consistent policy 一贯的政策；continuous连续的，持续的；considerate 体贴的；continual频繁的。
7.D 译文：如果这种鱼变得供不应求，后代就可能再也尝不到这种鱼了。
解析：固定词组，become scarce 供不应求；minimum最小的；short不足的；seldom 难得，不常；scarce不足的，缺少的。
8.B 译文：希望、目标、恐惧和渴望在男女之间、贫富之间变化很大。
解析：固定搭配，vary widely大相径庭，变化很大。
9.C 译文：农业是人类进步的一步，因为在机器时代之前没有任何事物可以与之相比。
解析：固定词组，be comparable to 比得上；10.B 译文：在中国家庭中，祖父母和其他的亲戚在教育孩子的过程中有着不可或缺的作用。
解析：incapable无能力的；indispensable不可缺少的；insensible无知觉的；infinite无限的。
11.A 译文：飞机引擎的轰鸣声宣告着即将迫近的空袭。
解析：roar轰鸣声；exclamation感叹，惊叫；whistle鸣汽笛，吹口哨；scream尖叫声。
12.A 译文：以前让病人感到精疲力竭和需要长期的恢复的手续现在让人们很轻松很舒服。
解析：exhausted疲惫的，精疲力竭的；abandoned被抛弃的；injured 受伤的；deserted 荒芜的。
13.D 译文：我刚要划火柴时便想起了汤姆的警告。
解析：固定词组，strike a match 划火柴。
14.C 译文：你不应该在空白处写东西，因为这本书属于图书馆。
解析：interval 间隔，间距；border 边境；margin页边的空白；edge边缘。
15.A 译文：他非常确信他绝对不可能在两天之内完成任务。
解析：absolutely 绝对地；exclusively专有地；fully充分地；roughly概略地。
16.D 译文：有些疾病是由一些水产动物传播的。
解析：transplant移植；transform改变；transport运输；transmit传播。
17.C 译文：这个床在我们家里世代相传，最初是属于我曾祖母的。
解析：hand out分发，施舍；hand over交出，移交；hand down世代相传；hand round 分发，顺次传递。
18.A 译文：1974年和1997间，海外游客的数量增长了27%。
解析：expand by 增长了，而expand to 表示“增长到”，后面接具体的数字。
19.C 译文：二十世纪见证了极大的世界政治、经济和文化传播。
解析：tradition传统；transportation交通，运输；transmission传播；transformation变化，变形。
20.B 译文：这就是那位在我住院的时候照顾我的护士。
解析：固定词组，attend to 照顾；accompany陪伴；entertain娱乐，招待；shield遮蔽，包庇。
21.D 译文：他为能被选中参加这个比赛而骄傲，他向我们保证他会尽最大的努力。
解析：assume承担，假定；insure guarantee assure这三个词意思相近，均可表示“保证”之意。
但在意义用法上有所区别：insure 意思是为防不测向保险公司付钱投保；guarantee 对某事物的品质或人的行为"提出担保"，对事物、商品等无质量,性能等方面的欺诈行为做出保证，guarantee sb sth；assure用来表示向某人保证某事将要发生，既可以用来确证某事，也可以表示使某人确信，assure的宾语通常是人或人称代词，所以不能直接搭用that -clause。
其常用结构为：assure sb of sth，assure sb that-clause.22.D 译文：眼神交流很重要，因为错误的交流可能造成交流障碍。
解析：tragedy悲剧；vacuum真空；question问题；barrier障碍。
23.A 译文：这张票可以让你免费坐船观赏湖景。
解析：entitle sb to sth/to do sth 授予，归于某人做某事的权利；appoint sb to任命；grant sb sth 给予某人某物；credit sth to sb给予某人某物。
24.A 译文：尽管很多人认为观点冲突是件不好的事，但有时候也有好处，利用观念冲突可以让人们测试其态度和行为的相对价值。
解析：定语从句的介词运用，by通过，利用。
25.B 译文：相同的因素推动着工资和价格的一起上涨，一个加强另一个解析：emphasize强调，着重；reinforce加强，强化；multiply使增加；increase增加。
26.A 译文：地球下积聚的能量肯定会以某种形式释放出来，例如地震。
解析：accumulated 积累的，积聚的；gathered只作为gather的分词，不可用于定语；assembled 组合的，安装的；collected镇定的，收集的。
27.B 译文：广告上说这种材料不会缩水，但事实不是如此。
解析：contract 缩紧，收缩；shrink收缩，缩水；slim变细；dissolve溶解。
contract 、shrink均可表示收缩，但只有shrink 可表示“缩水”之意。
28.D 译文：他对明年赢得奥运金牌的机会很乐观。
解析：be optimistic about对某事乐观积极。
29.B 译文：新年前夕，纽约市举行的户外活动吸引了很多的人。
解析：hold an outdoor event 举行户外活动30.C 译文：律师建议他放弃这个案子，因为他的胜算不大。
解析：case 案件。
PartⅡReading ComprehensionPassage 131.答案D解析：文章第二段提到what follows that “but”can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day”or “your noise was giving me a headache”leaves the person who has been injuredfeeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology。
可知答案为D。
32.答案B解析：根据第三段的“I am sorry you are upset ,this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.我因为被别人做的事情弄得心烦意乱而抱歉”。
这句话表明你让我很烦，但这是我的错我不怪你。
所以依据此意，B符合。
33.答案C解析：第三段提到“Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. 泛泛的道歉并不能让道歉者意识到自己的行为对别人的伤害或侮辱，也达不到让道歉者承诺以后不会这样做的目的。
所以根据此意，可知泛泛的道歉是无用的。
即答案C的意思。
34.答案B解析：最后一段从年龄的角度谈到了道歉的复杂性。
所以B“道歉时，年龄因素应该考虑在内”符合文意。
35.答案D解析：文章从一开始便讲了应该怎样道歉和应该避免泛泛的道歉。
最后又从年龄的角度讲到道歉的复杂性，这一切都表明道歉并不是我们所认为的那么简单。
所以答案为D。
Passage 236.答案C解析：细节题。
第二段最后一句“large companies，especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience”指出了“很多大公司倾向于雇用既有正规的教育背景又有工作经脸的人才”因此选项C符合题意。
37.答案B解析：逻辑推理题。
第三段的主旨是讲专业学历，例如MBA degree等可以作为一块很好的段门砖(The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially...）。
但是第四段又提到：Although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper level management. 即：他们通常要找通才来进行中高层管理。
而即使是MBA degree五年后也保证不了被提升（不被淘汰）。
因此选项B符合题意。
38.答案A解析：词汇语意题。
第四段最后一句“They want someone who isn't constrained(限制)by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture,” says Scheetz . Scheetz所指的是“不为细节所束缚的人”，文中的"nuts and bolts”加地”指具体细节；而选项中A的“strategic mind”指的是“顾全大局”的人，正好符合句意。