“定语从句”知识点的归纳
“定语从句”知识点的归纳
定语从句在整个句子中起着定语的作用，用来修饰名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常放在它所修饰的名词和代词之后。
定语从句通常由关系代词和关系副词引导.
一.关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which等:
(注意：whom, that, which在从句中作宾语时可以省略。)
1. who引导的定语从句，修饰人，代替先行词在从句中作主语:
The man who came here just now is a painter.
He is the student who won the first prize.
A cleaner is a person who cleans streets every day .
You can’t wake up a person who pretends to be asleep.
2. whom 引导的定语从句，修饰人，代替先行词在从句中作宾语:
The man ( whom) my father is talking to is my English teacher.
Jim is the boy (whom) I borrowed the book from.
He is the person (whom) the police are looking for.
注: who在非正式英语中也可作宾语, 但可省略,例如:
The man (who) you saw is Mr. Green.
= The man (whom) you saw is Mr. Green.
但是, 如果引导词前面有介词时, 只能用whom, 不能用who:正: The man to whom my father is talking is my teacher.
误: The man to who my father is talking is my teacher.
3. whose引导的定语从句,可以修饰人也可以修饰物, 代
替形容词性的物主代词在从句中作定语，因此，whose的
后面通常要跟名词:
A child whose parents are both dead is called an orphan.
We all hate the boy whose father is very rich and has a car.
Please pass me the book whose cover is green.
The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
4. that 引导的定语从句,可以修饰人也可以修饰物，代替先
行词在从句中主语或宾语:
Children may do something that makes their parents angry.
The letter (that) I got from him was written in English.
Do you know the woman that sells eggs?
Is he the man (that) you are waiting for?
注: that修饰人时,分别可以who和whom替换使用.
5. which 引导的定语从句, 修饰物，代替先行词在从句中
主语或宾语:
The Tea House which was written by Cao YU is my favorite.
Another acronym is F2F which means face to face.
The story (which) he told made us laugh.
Beijing is the place which I was born in.
(=Beijing is the place where I was born .)
注: which有时可以和替换that使用.
二.关系副词有when, where, why等:
1. When 引导的定语从句，修饰时间，代替“介词+先行词”
在从句中作时间状语。
I will never fgorget the day when I joined the party.
She arrived at 12 o’clock when it was raining hard.
2. where引导的定语从句，修饰地点，代替“介词+先行词”在从句中作地点状语.
This is the house where I was born.
He was born in Shanghai where he stayed for 12 years.
3.why引导的定语从句，一般只修饰the reason，在从句中表示原因。
This is the reason why he refused to come to the party.
三.定语从句要注意的几个问题:
1. "介词+ which"结构:
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"
介词+ which"结构替换使用，例如：
I will never fgorget the day when I joined the party?
→I will never fgorget the day on which I joined the party?
She arrived at 12 o’clock when it was raining hard.
→She arrived at 12 o’clock at which it was raining hard.
This is the house where I was born.
→This is the house in which I was born.
He was born in Shanghai where he stayed for 12 years.
→He was born in Shanghai in which he stayed for 12 years.
This is the reason why he refused to join the club.
→This is the reason for which he refused to join the club .
whose引导的定语从句修饰物时也可以和"介词 + which"结构替换使用，例如：Please pass me the book whose cover is green.
→Please pass me the book of which cover is green.
The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
→The desk of which leg is broken is very old.
2. 当which和whom代替先行词在从句作介词的宾语时，
介词的位置:
a). 介词可以放在原来的位置上,但有时也可以放在which和whom
的前面，此时介词后面的关系代词which和whom不能省略。
例如:
The man ( whom) my father is talking to is my English teacher. The man to whom my father is talking is my teacher.
Jim is the student (whom) I borrowed the book from.
Jim is the student from whom I borrowed the book.
Beijing is the place (which) I was born in.
Beijing is the place in which I was born.
b).但固定词组中的介词只能放在原来的位置上，而不能放在which和whom的
前面:
He is the person (whom) the police are looking for.
3.which和that在多数情况下可以相互替换使用,但在下列情形下只能用that
作为引导词:
a).如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing,
everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that:
All that we need is money.
He told us something that we should do during the vocation.
b).序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时,关系代词常用that：
The first English movie that I saw was Rush Hour.
This is the best book that I have ever read.
c).如果先等词被some,any, only, few, much, no, very ,last等词修饰，
关系代词常用that:
That is the only way that leads to your success .
d).先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that:
The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.
4.that有时可以代替关系副词 when , where , why和"介词+ which"引导定语
从句表示时间．地点或原因，在口语中that常被省略，例如：
His father died the year that he was born.
= His father died the year when he was born.
或His father died the year in which he was born.
He can’t find the place that he lived forty years ago.
= He can’t find the place where he lived forty years ago.
或He can’t find the place in which he lived forty years ago.
5.当先行词是时间，地点或原因时，如何选择引导词：
此时,引导词的选择主要依据先行词在从句中所起的作用，如果先行词在从句中作主语或者先行词和从句中的动词构成动宾关系时，应选择关系代词
that或which作为引导词；若先行词在从句中做地点状语，时间状语或表示
原因时，则应选择关系副词 where或when作为引导词. 例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
This is the mountain village (which / that) I visited last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
I'll never forget the days(which / that) I spent in the countryside.
Is this the reason why may explain her absence？
Is this the reason that／which may explain her absence？
典型错误:
This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
Is this the reason why may explain her absence？
6.由于定语从句的结构和用法比较复杂，初学者在使用时往往容易犯一些错误，
最常见的有如下七种：
a).在定语从句中加了多余的定语。如：
误：Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come．
正：Some of the boys I invited didn’t come．
译：我邀请的男孩中有几个没有来。
析：应删去them，因为从句的宾语是省略了的whom，who或that。
误：The book that you need it is in the library．
正：The book that you need is in the library．
译：你需要的书在图书馆里。
析：应删去it，因为从句的宾语是关系代词that。
b).把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。如：
误：Anyone who break the law will be punished．
正：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished．
译：任何违犯法律的人将被处罚。
析：应改break为breaks，因为who指anyone，是单数。
误：Those who has finished may go home．
正：Those who have finished may go home．
译：做完了的人现在可以回家。
析：应改has为have，因为who指those，是复数。
误：He is the only one of the teachers who know French．
正：He is the only one of the teachers who knows French．
译：他是我们学校中唯一懂法语的人。
析：应改know为knows，因为one前有the only之类限定词，定语从句在意义上修饰的是the only one，是单数，而不是复数名词the
teachers。
误：This is one of the rooms that is free now．
正：This is one of the rooms that are free now．
译：这是目前空着的房间之一。
析：应改is为are，因为one前没有the only之类的限定词，定语从句在意义上修饰的是名词复数the rooms，而不是单数
one。
c).误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。如：
误：Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．
正：Children who （that）eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．译：吃糖多的孩子往往牙齿不好。
析：应加上关系代词who或that，因为从句少主语，且主语不能
省略。
误：The key opens the bike is missing．
正：The key that／which opens the bike is missing．
译：开这辆自行车的钥匙不见了。
析：应加上关系代词that或which，作主语不能省略。
d).定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词。如：
误：The house where he lives in needs repairing．
正：The house where he lives needs repairing．
或：The house he lives in needs repairing．
译：他住的房子需要修理。
析：应保留where，删去从句中的in，因为关系副词where在从
句中作地点状语，in属多余。或删去关系副词where，因为
where在这里的意思是in which，否则介词in就重复了。
误：I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing．
正：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing．
或：I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing．
译：我仍记得我第一次来到北京那天的情景。
析：应删去on，因为when在这里的意思是on which，否则介词
on就重复了，或把when改为which。
e).在作先行词的时间名词或地点名词后错用了关系代词或关系副词。
误：I still remember the day when we spent together．
正：I still remember the day that／which we spent together．
译：我仍记得我们在一起度过的日子。
析：应改when为that或which，因为先行词the day和从句中谓语动词spent是动宾语关系, 而不是作时间状语。
误：This is the house where we lived in last year．
正：This is the house which／that we lived in last year．
译：这是我们去年住过的那个房子。
析：应改where为which或that，因为从句谓语动词lived后有介词in，其后少介词宾语，而不是地点状语。
f).在先行词reason后错用关系副词why。如：
误：Is this the reason why may explain her absence？
正：Is this the reason that／which may explain her absence？
译：这就是可以解释他缺席的原因吗？
析：应改why为that或which，因为先行词the reason在作主语，而不是作原因状语。
误：I don’t believe the reason why he has given for his being late．正：I don’t believe the reason that／which he has given for his being late．
译: 我不相信他所提供的他迟到的原因。
析：应改why为that或which，因为先行词the reason在作主语，而不是作原因状语。
g).误将强调句型当定语从句。如：
误：It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out．
正：It was in the kitchen that the fire broke out．
译：大火发生在厨房。
析：应将where改that，因为此题是强调句型，而非定语从句。
误：Was it because it snowed last night when you didn’t come？
正：Was it because it snowed last night that you didn’t come？
译：你是否因昨晚下雪而没有来？
析：应将when改为that，因为此题是强调句型，而非定语从句。四.补充内容:
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
1. 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确.
This is the house which we bought last month. （限制性）
非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的
意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开.
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.（非限制性）
2. 当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的:
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
My house, which I bought last year, has a lovely garden. This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
3. 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：
He seems not to be listening to me, which makes me very angry.
注:在非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that;另外,在非限制性定语从句中,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。
定语从句专项练习题
一．把下列各组句子合并成一句
1.The letter is from my uncle. I received it yesterday.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
2.The teacher saw what happened. He was standing nearby.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
3.The girl is not here now. She told me the news.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
4.This is the tree. He climbed the tree yesterday.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
5. Do not drink water. The water has not been boiled.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
6. The student is in the room. His name is Tom.
_________________________________________________________.
7. John is a very kind-hearted man. You can turn to him for help.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
8. The book is written by that famous writer. I am very interested in it.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
9. Tom is the boy. I went to the cinema with him together.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
10. Have you remembered the factory? We worked in it last year.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
11. It is the car. I spent all my money on it.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
12. The house is 7 kilometers away. I was born in it.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
13.This is the very farm. My father used to work on it.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________.
二.单项选择定语从句的用法
1.This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. this
2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom
B. which
C. who
D. /
3. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up to the police.
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. all
4. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.
A. which
B. whom
C. whose
D. this
5. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.
A. whom
B. who
C. /
D. he
6. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.
A. who live next door
B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door
D. that lives next door
7. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that
B. when
C. where
D. there
8. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born?
A. where
B. in that
C. that
D. which
9. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
10. Do you still remember the day _____ we first met?
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. on that
11. October 1,1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. in which
12. October 1,1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. which
B. when
C. where
D. in which
13. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?
A. which
B. where
C. in which
D. what
14. Is this museum _____ they visited last month?
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. the one
15. I still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit
in the evening.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
16. Do you know the man _______?
A. whom I spoke
B. to who spoke
C. I spoke to
D. that I spoke
17.This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed
B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at
D. where they stayed
18. Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. on which
19. That is the day ______I'll never forget.
A. which
B. on which
C. in which
D. when
20. The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where
B. to which
C. which
D. in which
21. The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which
B. in which
C. on which
D. by which
22. The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.
A. to whom
B. on whom
C. with which
D. with whom
23. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?
A. who
B. who's
C. which
D. whose
24. I'm interested in ______you have said.
A. all that
B. all what
C. that
D. which
25. I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.
A. which
B. who
C. what
D. as
26. He talked a lot about things and persons ______they remembered
in the school.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. what
27.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.
A. why
B. which
C. for that
D. when
28. He told me all _______ he knew.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. it
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有：when, where, why, how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
英语定语从句用法总结
英语定语从句用法总结 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后关系代词的用法：1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3. 作定语用whose, 如： It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语 He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. 4. 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.
This is no longer the dirty place we met yesterday. 3. why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it. + which; where = in he arrived. The office where he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why we did it. 2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或 宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点 状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导 非限制性定语从句。而why 只
定语从句-知识点归纳与练习
定语从句-知识点归纳与练习 一、定语从句 1．I will never forget the people and the things_______ I saw on the Great Wall. A．who B．which C．whom D．that 【答案】D 【解析】 句意：我永远不会忘记我在长城看到的人和事。本句考察定语从句的关系词。A. who关系词，先行词为人；B. which关系词，先行词为物；C. whom关系词，先行词为人，在句中作宾语； D. that关系词，先行词为人或物。在定语从句中，当先行词既指人也指物时，如：the people and the things，关系词采用that。故选D。 2．﹣Look！This is the photo I took in Beijing World Gardening Expo（世界园艺博览会）in 2019． ﹣Wow，so great！ A．what B．who C．where D．that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：—看！这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会拍的照片。 考查定语从句的关系代词，what不用在定语从句中，who先行词为人，在从句中作主语或者宾语，where先行词为地点，在从句中作状语，that先行词为人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语，the photo为先行词，从句中缺宾语，句意理解为﹣﹣看！这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会上拍的照片．﹣﹣哇，很不错．故选D。 3．A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．whom B．whose C．who D．which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语，且指人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who；结合句意和选项可知选C。 【点睛】 在定语从句中，当先行词是人时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或who，引导词在定语从句中做宾语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或whom，引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词whom。例如，（1） The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister. （2）The person that/whom you talked to just now is Tom’s father.=The person to whom you talked just now is Tom’s father. 在定语从句中，当先行词是物时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词
定语从句用法总结
定语从句用法总结 一.定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.其中划线部分为定语从句。 二.分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。 eg: is the school (that/which)we visited last year. （限制性定语从句） weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect. （非限制性定语从句） days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.（间隔性定语从句） ] 注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。 三.构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。 先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。 引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses, ( 引导词为：that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other 四．基本原则 定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词 is the book that I like it best .(it 与book指同一物，所以要去掉。) 五．定语从句中常见考点：
高中英语定语从句知识点及练习复习过程
高中英语定语从句知识点及练习
高中英语---定语从句 一定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 二关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door. Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、 The season that/which comes after spring is summer. The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 注意：指物时，常用以下结构来代替： The house whose windows are broken is empty. =The house the windows of which are broken is empty. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间（that, who不可以），也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。 The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who，若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which；关系代词是所有格时用whose。
定语从句最全面的知识点整理
定语从句整理 定语从句分为限定性和非限定性 1.定语从句修饰先行词 2.关系代词：that, who, whom, whose, which, as 关系副词：where, when, why 3.关系词在句中的作用1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分 4.关系代词在从句中做主语或者宾语； 5.关系副词做状语，相当于：介词+which。 when是时间状语，where是地点状语，一些特殊先行词后面也用where，比如 point, situation, part, condition,case 表示到了某种地步，某种程度也用where. * where和when都可以换成介词+which，但是不是所有介词+which都可以换成where或者when。 *不是所有介词都可以放在which或者whom前面，一些动词短语比如：look for, look after，take care of turn in, pay attention to, depend on, listen to就不能拆开使用，且介词后面不能用who或者that 关于关系词的省略 1)who, whom, that, which, 做宾语时可省。 2)that做表语可省 be动词后 3)that做宾补可省 4)*关系副词when在time, year, day后面可省，也可换成that,但不 普遍 5)*关系副词where在place, 和anywhere, somewhere这种--where 的后面时候可以省略，也可换成that但不普遍 6)*关系副词why放在the reason后面，即可换成 for which, that 又可省略，此较普遍。但放在a reason后面可省，但貌似不可以换成that 7)the way后面可以用in which, that 也可省略 关于that 可以用that的情况； that 在定语从句中的功能非常多 1.可以代词关系代词 who, whom, which, 既可以做主语又可以做宾语，做宾语时可以省略；限从中可以说遇到关系代词就可以换成that， whose除外，因为whose的名词所有格（。。。的）whose= of which 2.关系副词why修饰the reason可换成that,也可省。 Notice:见到the reason不一定非要选why, 做宾语时候选which/that, 也可省。 3.that在某些特殊情况下代替 where， when但不普遍。 4.the way后面可以用in which, that 也可省略 必须用that的情况 (做宾语依旧可省） 1.先行词是不定代词 everything, anything, nothing, 等不定代词 *不含something 2.先行词被every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等限定词修饰 3.先行词被序数词修饰 the first, the second..... 4.先行词被最高级修饰 the best, the most 5.先行词被the very, the most修饰时
定语从句用法归纳完整版
定语从句用法归纳标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]
定语从句用法归纳 篇一：定语从句的用法一、定语从句的有关概念所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学习定语从句，首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念，它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时，定语从句通常是后置的，所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 那什么是关系词呢其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上，英语中的各类从句，不管性质如何，它们都需要有一个词来“引导”，正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样，人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字，叫它关系词，因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，以表明两者之间的修饰关系，同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。二、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系 为了更好地理解定语从句，我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前，我们先来看看关系词有哪些。根据关系词在定语从句中的作用，我们可以将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等，英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。类似地，关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当状语等，英语中比较常用的关系副词只有三个，即when, where和why。许多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊，关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单，简单得可以划一个等号。因为，关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词，它与先行词指的就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解，下面我们来看几个例子吧。I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词，who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句；在定语从句中，who是关系词，它在定语从句中用作主语，从意义上说，它在
中学英语定语从句知识点归纳学习资料
中学英语定语从句知 识点归纳
That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop. 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。 The first thing that we should do is to get some food. 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 * 3）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。例如： My necklace is not the only thing that's missing. 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 * 4）当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或 who ，以避免重复。例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat? 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？ * 5）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that 。例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known .你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。 2、只用which不用that的情况： * 1) 关系代词前有介词时； e.g. This is the room in which Lu Xun lived. * 2)非限定性定语从句中；作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。 e.g. That necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday. He has a daughter, who works in a hospital. * 3) 先行词本身是that时； e.g. The clock is that which tells the time 非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。 Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。（非限) There is somebody here who wants to speak to you这里有人要和你说话(限制性) * 4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。 He did very well in the competition, which made his parents very happy. * 关系代词whom，which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面， That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room which we had lived in for ten years. * 像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.
【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结
【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结 一、定语从句 1．This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．what D．who 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用that。 结合句意和语境可知选A。 点睛：限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况： 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如： Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的 客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如：She is the only person that understands me. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如： Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前 面的那个人是谁？Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间？ 当先行词人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：She admired the way （that） they solved the questions. 2．Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students. A．which B．who C．where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。 本题考查定语从句。A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。 【点睛】 做定语从句的题时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指
初中英语定语从句的用法归纳
初中英语定语从句用法归纳 定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语)先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语)
定语从句语法知识点基本汇总
定语从句 一、that引导的定语从句 1. that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door.他就是住在隔壁的那个人。 Where is the man(that/whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？The person (that/whom) you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。The season that/which comes after spring is summer.春天之后的季节是夏季。 I don’t like stories that/which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢结尾悲伤的故事。 The dress(that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well.安买的衣服不太合身。 2.限制性定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的情况 （1）当先行词为all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, some, the one等词时。 Everything that he said was true. 他所说的一切都是真的。 There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 有我能为你效劳的事吗？ That’s all that I know. 我知道的就这么多。 （2）当先行词被the very（恰恰,正好）the only, any, few, little, no, all修饰时。 This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy. 这正是我要买的语法书。 The only thing that is constant is change. 唯一不变的是变化。 There was little that we could do to help her. 我们没有什么能帮助她的。 （3）当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best that has been used against pollution.这是曾经用过的最好的抗污染的办法。This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。 （4）当先行词是first，last，next等序数词或被序数词修饰时。 The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 What is the first American film that you have seen? 你看过的第一部美国电影是什么？（5）当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense? 有常识的人谁会相信这种无聊的
定语从句用法归纳
定语从句用法归纳 定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导，但须记住： 1.what不能引导定语从句. 2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。 一.指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that. 试分析： the old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist. miss wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to beijing . the man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. （=the man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.） 注： ?指人时有时只用who不宜用that。 1．先行词为one、ones或anyone （1）the comrade i want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard. （2）anyone who breaks the law should be punished. 2．先行词为these时 these who are going to beijing are the best students of our school. 3．在there be 开头的句子中 there is a student who wants to see you. 4．一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who，以免重复。 the student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards. 5．在非限制性定语从句中 i met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from japan. b．主句以who开头的句子中,只用that,不用who。 二．指物的关系代词有which、whose(=of which)、that. 试分析： 1.i like the books which / that were written by lu xun. 2.the desks (which/that) we made last year were very good. 3.this is the house in which we lived last year. (= this is the house which /that we lived in last year.) 4.i live in the room whose windows face south. (= i live in the room ,the windows of which face south.) 注： a. 介词如果位于作为其宾语的关系代词之前时，只能用whom、which不能用who或that. (1). the girl about whom they were talking is our monitor. (2). the book in which there are many interesting things was written by li ming. b. 部分短语动词中的介词不可与动词拆开，在定语从句中其介词不可前置，只能放在其动词后。 is this the book which she is looking for? the old man who/whom they are waiting for is professor li. the child who/whom she is looking after is wang ping’s son. c．指物时，下列情况下只能用that ，不宜用which。 （1）先行词为不定代词，如all、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、the one等。
高中英语定语从句知识点归纳
定语从句的连接词不可以用what． 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 指人，在从句中做主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. … (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. / 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning @ 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow (6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow ^ 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) The school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) We”ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/wh o) we have often talked about. "
高考高中定语从句知识点汇总
定语从句知识点汇总 一、先行词 二、关系词 1.关系代词： 2.关系副词： 三、分类 1.限制性定语从句：对先行词有限制，区分的作用，并与先行词有着不可分割的关系，不能省略 2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明的作用，可省略不会影响主句的意思，与主句用逗号隔开 3.区别： 4.非限制性定语从句的特殊情况 4.1有些既可以做限制性，又可以做非限制性的定语从句，其含义不同
There are 20 students in this class who are from the north of China. There are 20 students in this class,who are from the north of China. 5.关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句 四、关系词的用法 1.which,that which指物，在从句中作主语，宾语 that指人或物，指人可与who，whom互换；指物可与which互换 2.who,whom 从句中的介词提到关系代词词前，whom作宾语，不能用who代替 In our class there are 46 students, of whom half wear glasses. 先行词为指人的one,ones,anyone或those时，关系代词用who；双重定语从句中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个指人的关系代词用who。 3.whose 表示“……的”。可指人或物。用来指物时， whose+名词=限定词+名词+of which=of which+限定词+名词 The house whose windows face south is ours. The house the window of which face south is ours.=The house of which the window face south is ours. 4.as 作为关系代词可指人或物，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语。 一般用于such...as 、the same...as 、as...as结构中，表示“像”的意思 We have found such materials as are used in their factory.