词汇学 考试题
词汇学试题及答案
词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学是研究语言中词汇的科学，它主要研究的是语言中的（）。
A. 词汇的构成B. 词汇的意义C. 词汇的运用D. 词汇的演变答案：A2. 下列哪一项不是词汇学的研究内容？（）A. 词义的演变B. 词义的分类C. 词义的辨析D. 语法规则答案：D3. 词汇学中，词素是指（）。
A. 构成词的基本单位B. 词的发音单位C. 词的书写单位D. 词的意义单位答案：A4. 在词汇学中，语义场是指（）。
A. 词义的分类B. 词义的演变C. 词义的辨析D. 一组词义相关的词答案：D5. 词汇学研究中，同义词是指（）。
A. 意义完全相同的词B. 意义相近的词C. 形式相同的词D. 用法相同的词答案：B6. 下列哪一项不是词汇学中词义的分类？（）A. 抽象意义B. 具体意义C. 语法意义D. 色彩意义答案：C7. 词汇学中，词义的演变通常包括（）。
A. 词义的扩大B. 词义的缩小C. 词义的转移D. 以上都是答案：D8. 词汇学中，词义的辨析主要研究的是（）。
A. 词与词之间的联系B. 词与词之间的差异C. 词与词之间的相似性D. 词与词之间的对立答案：B9. 在词汇学中，词义的模糊性是指（）。
A. 词义的不确定性B. 词义的明确性C. 词义的多重性D. 词义的单一性答案：A10. 词汇学中，词义的多义性是指（）。
A. 一个词有多种意义B. 一个词只有一种意义C. 一个词的意义是固定的D. 一个词的意义是单一的答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学中的词素是指构成词的________。
答案：基本单位2. 语义场是指一组________的词。
答案：词义相关3. 同义词是指意义________的词。
答案：相近4. 词义的演变包括词义的________、________和________。
答案：扩大、缩小、转移5. 词义的辨析主要研究的是词与词之间的________。
词汇学综合练习
《词汇学》练习试题02PART ONE Multiple Choice（15%）DIRECTIONS: Altogether there are 15 statements in this section. Beneath each statement there are four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one that best completes the statement. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1. Morphology is the study about ___B____.A. words’ soundB. words’ formC. words’ meaningD. words’ collocation2. ____D__ has devoted much of his life to the construction of CL, that is, cognitive linguistics.认知语言学A. PlatoB. ChomskyC. SaussureD. Lakoff3. All the words in the following items are complex words except _____C_.A. cut-throatB. valuableC. wearD. runaway4. Negro, a(n) __A____ in American English, means a black man.A. taboo 禁忌B. euphemism委婉语C. jargon 行话D. colloquialism白话5. _D_____ had been the temporary official language in the UK Island in the 11-12th centuries.A. ChineseB. NorseC. DutchD. French6. The word bazaar from Persian is regarded as a kind of __B____.A. denizenB. alienC. translation loanD. semantic loan7. The following underlined morphemes in the words are all bound morphemes except __B____.A. teachingB. man-madeC. humanismD. assistance8. In shorting, there are various forms for the shortened words, and “dorm” belongs to ___C___.A. initialismB. acronymC. clippingD. blending9. The word “fame” in the sentence “He came to this city seeking money and fame.” refers to its __B____ meaning.A. stylisticB. affectiveC. socialD. reflected10. The word “face” is defined as “the surface of the front of the head from the top of the forehead to the base of the chin and from ear to ear” in the dictionary. Which of the following shows the central meaning ofA. What this generation must do is to face its problems.B. Don't show your face on my property again.C. We saw many new faces on the first day of classes.D. The young girl offered a sweet kiss on his face.11. The word “busyboy” used to refer to a busy person, but now it refers to any officious and meddlesome person, so “busyboy” has undergone ______ in its change of meaning.A. extensionB. narrowingC. euphemismD. degradation12. The idiom “a black sleep” is a kind of _____ idioms in nature.A. nominalB. adjectivalC. verbalD. adverbial13. LDCE is a kind of ______.A. dictionaryB. thesaurusC. corpusD. vocabulary14. In Old English, most words have ______.A. few word endingsB. no word endingsC. many word endingsD. few grammatical functions15. Which of the following groups of antonyms belongs to the same type of antonym with “alive /dead”?A. present /absentB. young /oldC. parents /childrenD. cop /thiefPART TWO Terms （5%）DIRECTIONS: In this part of the test, there are 5 terms from lexicology. Choose the right words or phrases from the list given below to best explain these terms. Write the proper answer on the ANSWER SHEET.A. The branch of linguistics that deals with the lexical component of language.B. The element that carries the main component of meaning in a word and provides the basis from which a word is derived by adding affixes or inflectional endings or by phonetic change.C. The act or an example of substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered harsh, blunt, or offensive, such as “pass away” for “die”.D. The data bank of e-textsE. The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.16. syntax ( )17. corpus ( )18. root ( )19. euphemism ( )20. lexicology ( )PART THREE Morphemes （10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 morphemes in this section. You are required to find the appropriate meaning for each morpheme and write the right choice on the ANSWER SHEET.The possible meanings of morphemes:A. femaleB. metalC. offD. too muchE. a littleF. negativeG. takeH. threeI. smallest J. chief21. tripod ( ) 22. minibus ( )23. receive ( ) 24. archetype ( )25. antiwar ( ) 26. deoxygenate ( )27. reddish ( ) 28. uranium ( )29. overwork ( ) 30. millionaires ( )PART FOUR Word Formation （10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 underlined words in this section. You are required to find the appropriate method to form the underlined words given below. Write the right choice on the ANSWER SHEET.A. shorteningB. suffixationC. prefixationD. compoundE. conversionF. reduplicationG. borrowing H. onomatopoeia I. metaphorical shift J. proper names31. Don’t make a pig of yourself even though you feel very hungry.32. There are some go-go industries such as micro-processing and laser technology.33. D-day refers to the unnamed day on which an operation or offensive is to be launched, especially June 6, 1944, the day on which the Allied forces invaded France during World War II.34. This alloy is formed by the fusion of two types of metal.35. It is time-wasting to set about doing this business.36. The little boys head forward to the remote village.37. This helps us to know better about the Middle East bazaar.38. The birds chirp softly, sounding almost like young pups.39. The Christian heaven can be seen as a sort of spiritual utopia.40. Could you consult your parents about the question?PART FIVE Sense relations （10%）required to pick out the right group of words to show the same sense relations in each pair of words, and write down the appropriate choice on the ANSWER SHEET.41. AGREE: DENYA. true: falseB. live: dieC. marry: divorceD. tall: short42. GIGANTIC: ENORMOUSA. hospitable: hostileB. numerous: countableC. terrific: wonderfulD. respectable: disdainful43. SUCCESS: FAILUREA. win: loseB. happiness: wealthC. care: loveD. victory: triumph44. CAMERA: PICTUREA. television: remoteB. VCR: expertiseC. duplicator: carbonD. projector: movie45. FATHER: MOTHERA. right: wrongB. teacher: studentC. north: southD. east: west46. ROSE: LOVEA. dove: peaceB. dark: pitchC. pig: swineD. cat: tigerA. cooker: ovenB. cupboard: trunkC. television: radioD. jug: water48. SCHOOL: EDUCATIONA. hospital: patientB. office: duplicatorC. Hotel: lobbyD. restaurant: food49. SURPRISE: ASTONISHA. little: smallB. fearful: terribleC. busy: business D: happy: joyful50. COP: POLICEMANA. fame: prestigeB. detective: suspectC. bull: cowD. teacher: knowledgePART SIX English Idioms （10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 idiomatic phrases listed in this section. You are required to fill in the blanks with these phrases to show the same rhetorical features with the one before them. Write the right choice on the ANSWER SHEET.A. safe and sound: ( 51 ) ( 52 )B. pass away: ( 53 ) ( 54 )C. eat like a horse: ( 55 ) ( 56 )D. here and there: ( 57 ) ( 58 )E. shed crocodile tears: ( 59 ) ( 60 )PART SEVEN Affixes（10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 words in this part of the test. You are required to add a prefix or suffix to the word to show its opposite meaning. Write the right answer (the whole word) on the ANSWER SHEET.Example: patient (impatient)61. logic ( ) 62. moral ( )63. regular ( ) 64. traditional ( )65. use ( ) 66. connect ( )67. fortune ( ) 68. sufficient ( )69. grade ( ) 70. peace ( )PART EIGHT Applications of lexicology（30%）DIRECTIONS: There are 6 questions or statements in this part of the test. Answer these questions or narrate the statements according to what you’ve learned from lexicology. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.71. Analyze the formation of the word “durables” in terms of root, ste m, and affix, and express the changes of meaning.72. Join one word in group A with another in group B to make a possible compound according to the words below. Note: each word will be used only ONCE, and you’re required to form only five compounds in this part of the test.Group A: r ed green blue white darkGroup B: eyed blooded haired handed minded73. Try to analyze the following words in terms of semantic opposition or componential analysis, that is, [±HUMAN] [±ADULT] [±MALE]. EXAMPLE: man [+HUMAN] [+ADULT] [+MALE]A. womanB. girl74. Analyze the ambiguity in the following sentence. (at least two possible meanings for the sentence)He drove the man to the bank.75. List five synonyms of the word “look”. Here is an example: glare76. Use both ways (affixes and antonym) to find out the words that display the opposite meaning. Write the answer on the answer sheet.true ( untrue ) ( false )agree ( ) ( )perfect ( ) ( )tidy ( ) ( )polite ( ) ( )《词汇学》练习试题02参考答案：一、每小题1分，共15分（1-15题）BDCAD BBCBD DAACA二、每小题1分，共5分（16-20题）EDBCA三、每小题1分，共10分（21-30题）HIGJF CEBDA四、每小题1分，共10分（31-40题）IFABD EGHJC五、每小题1分，共10分（41-50题）DCADB AADBA六、每小题1分，共10分（51-60题）51. toss and turn 52. slow and sure 53. go to heaven 54. kick the bucket 55. sleep like a log 56. as tricky as a monkey57. pros and cons 58. far and near59. a paper tiger 60. an old fox七、每小题1分，共10分（61-70题）61. illogic 62. immoral63. irregular 64. nontraditional65. useless 66. disconnect67. misfortune 68. insufficient69. degrade 70. anti-peace八、每小题5分，共30分（71-76题）71. dur (root) + -able (suffix) →durable (stem, adj.) + conversion →durable (stem, n.) + -s (inflectional affix, plural form) →durables72. red-handed, green-eyed, blue-blooded, white-haired, dark-minded73. A. woman [+HUMAN] [+ADULT] [- MALE]B. girl [+HUMAN] [- ADULT] [- MALE]74. He drove the man to the bank so that he could catch the last ship.He drove the man to the bank so that he could save the money in time.75. look: stare, peer, peep, glimpse, glance, peek, glare, gaze76. agree ( disagree ) ( deny )perfect ( imperfect ) ( faulty )tidy ( untidy ) ( disorderly )polite ( impolite ) ( rude )happy ( unhappy ) ( sad )。
新编英语词汇学参考答案
新编英语词汇学参考答案一、选择题1. A. 词汇量是指一个人掌握的词汇数量。
2. B. 词汇的语义场是指词汇在语义上的分类。
3. C. 词汇的形态变化包括派生、合成和转换。
4. D. 词汇的习得是指通过学习掌握新词汇的过程。
5. E. 词汇的语义关系包括同义、反义、上下位等关系。
二、填空题6. 词汇的派生是指通过添加词缀来形成新词。
7. 词汇的合成是指将两个或多个词汇组合成新词。
8. 词汇的转换是指词汇在不同词性间的转换。
9. 词汇的习得可以通过阅读、听力、口语和写作等多种方式。
10. 词汇的语义关系有助于理解词汇的含义和使用。
三、简答题11. 词汇的习得对语言学习者的重要性是什么？词汇的习得对语言学习者至关重要，因为词汇是语言的基本构成单位。
掌握足够的词汇量有助于提高语言理解能力、表达能力和沟通效率。
此外，词汇习得还有助于学习者更好地理解语言的文化内涵和使用习惯。
12. 词汇的形态变化有哪些类型？词汇的形态变化主要包括三种类型：派生、合成和转换。
派生是通过添加词缀来形成新词；合成是将两个或多个词汇组合成新词；转换是词汇在不同词性间的转换，例如名词转动词。
13. 词汇的语义场是如何帮助我们理解和使用词汇的？词汇的语义场通过将词汇按照语义关系进行分类，帮助我们更好地理解和记忆词汇。
例如，通过了解“家具”这一语义场，我们可以快速记忆和使用与家具相关的词汇，如“桌子”、“椅子”、“床”等。
四、论述题14. 论述词汇习得策略在语言教学中的作用。
词汇习得策略在语言教学中起着至关重要的作用。
首先，有效的词汇习得策略可以帮助学习者扩大词汇量，提高语言运用能力。
其次，通过教授不同的词汇习得策略，教师可以激发学生的学习兴趣，使他们更加主动地参与到语言学习中。
此外，词汇习得策略还可以帮助学习者更好地理解词汇的语义和用法，从而提高语言的准确性和流畅性。
15. 分析词汇的语义关系对语言理解和表达的影响。
词汇的语义关系对语言理解和表达具有重要影响。
2023年10月自学考试00832英语词汇学真题试题
2023年10月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码:008321.请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
2.答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
选择题部分注意事项:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
I . Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(1%X30=30%)1.Chook is a word of _______, which means chicken.A.American EnglishB.British EnglishC.Scottish EnglishD.Australian English2.When dough and bread is used as a slang, it means_____.A.moneyB.headC.drunkD.cooking utensil3.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.According to semanticists, a word is a unit of meaning.B.According to grammarians, a word is a free form that can function in a sentence.C.In visual terms, a word can be defined as a meaningful group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper.D. In terms of spoken language, a word is viewed as a sound or combination of sounds which are made involuntarily with human vocal equipment.4. Between 1250 and 1500, with Britain having trade relations with the low countries, especially Holland, as many as 2,500 words of _______origin found their way into English.A. FrenchB. DutchC. LatinD.Scandinavian5. Which of the following is the new word resulting from rapid growth of science and technology in the English vocabulary?A. fast foodB. TV dinnerC. moon walkD.stir fry6. The word denaturalization can be broken down into_minimal meaningful units.A. fourB. fiveC. sixD. seven7. In the word internationalists, the root is__.A. inter-B. -nation-C.-tion-D.-s8. The word antecedent can be broken down into________.A. ante-,-ced-, -entB.ante-,-ce-,-dentC. an-,-te-,-ced-,-entD.an-,-te-,-ce-,-dent9. Of the following words, the word“_____” does NOT have a derivational prefix.B. subseaC.contradictD. handcuff10. The formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class is called __.A. affixationB. functional shiftpoundingD. phrase clipping11. The majority of prefixes are characterized by their non-class-changing nature. Accordingly, we shall classify prefixes on a_____basis.A. morphemicB. morphologicC. syntacticD.semantic12. Of the following words, the word“_____”is NOT a deverbal noun formed by suffixation.A. decisionB. friendshipC.existenceD. protection13. The meanings of many words often relate directly to their origins. Such words have_____ motivation.A. onomatopoeicB. morphologicalC.semanticD.etymological14.The_meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core ofword-meaning.A. grammaticalC. conceptualD. associative15. The word home, whose conceptual meaning is a “dwelling place”, reminds readers of their “family, friends, warmth, safety", etc. This shows the__meaning of a word.A. connotativeB. stylisticC. affectiveD. collocative16. The primary meaning of the word neck is_____.A. that part of the garmentB. the narrowest part of anything: bottle, land or channelC. that part of man or animal joining the head to the bodyD. a narrow part between the head and body or base of any object17. Which of the following pairs of antonyms belongs to contradictory terms?A. hot / warmB. sell/ buyC. husband / wifeD.true / false18. The pair of words flower /rose shows such a sense relation as_____.A. polysemyB. synonymyC. antonymyD. hyponymy19. The word butcher began with the meaning of “one who kills goats”, but now it means “one who kills animals”. This process is called____.A. extensionB. narrowingC.elevationD. degradation20. Which of the following words is an example of narrowing of word-meaning?A. disease (meaning: discomfort → illness)B. journal (meaning: daily paper→periodical)C. knight (meaning: servant→ rank below baronet)D. company (meaning: one who shares bread→ a company)21. From which of the following examples can we see transfer of sensations?A. the lip of a woundB. the hope of a familyC. pitiful and doubtfulD.sweet music22. Which of the following statements is NOT true about lexical context?A. It is one type of extra-linguistic context.B. It may provide clues for inferring word meaning.C. It refers to the words that occur together with the word in question.D. The meaning of the word is often affected and defined by the neighbouring words.23. What does the word quick mean in the following context?John, one of the group, has just told a joke. Everyone laughs except Adam. Then Adam laughs. One of the students says: I do think Adam's quick.A. Quick in development.B. Quick to hear the joke.C. Slow in learning things.D. Slow to understand the joke.24.What does the word do mean in the phrase do the flowers?A. work outB. brushC.arrangeD.study25.Which of the following is an idiom?A. Till the cows come home.B. Till the sheep come home.C. Till the horses come home.D. Till the pigeons come home.26.Which of the following is NOT a variation of idiom?A. synecdocheB. replacementC.dismemberingD. shortening27. As cool as a cucumber is a_____.A. true IdiomB. complete idiomC.semi-idiomD. regular combination28. Chop and change is an idiom ______in nature .A. verbalB. nominalC. adjectivalD. adverbial29. Collins COBUILD English Usage is a(n)______.A. unbridged dictionaryB. desk dictionaryC. pocket dictionaryD. specialized dictionary30. Which of the following is NOT usually included in the usage section of a dictionary?A. styleB. usage levelC. definitionD.colouring非选择题部分注意事项:用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。
词汇学试题及答案
词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. 下列哪个词属于多义词？A. 桌子B. 苹果C. 跑D. 书2. 词汇的最小单位是：A. 词B. 语素C. 词组D. 句子3. 词汇的同义关系指的是：A. 词与词之间意义相同或相近B. 词与词之间意义相反C. 词与词之间意义无关D. 词与词之间意义有联系但不相同4. “绿色”一词在“绿色食品”中属于：A. 颜色词B. 形容词C. 抽象名词D. 专有名词5. “网络”一词在现代汉语中属于：A. 古汉语词汇B. 外来词C. 新词D. 专业术语6. 下列哪个词属于反义词？A. 快-慢B. 男-女C. 长-短D. 老-少7. 词汇的构成方式不包括：A. 合成B. 派生C. 借用D. 音译8. “美丽”一词的词性是：A. 名词B. 动词C. 形容词D. 副词9. “电脑”一词的构词方式是：A. 合成B. 派生C. 借用D. 音译10. 下列哪个词属于外来词？A. 电视B. 电话C. 网络D. 汽车二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. 词汇学是研究语言中________的学科。
12. 词义的演变通常包括词义的________、________和________。
13. 词义的________是指词义在特定语境下临时改变的现象。
14. 词汇的________是指词义的扩大，能够涵盖更多的事物或现象。
15. 词汇的________是指词义的缩小，只能指特定的事物或现象。
三、简答题（每题5分，共10分）16. 简述词汇的构成方式有哪些？17. 简述词义演变的类型。
四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）18. 论述词汇学在语言教学中的重要性。
19. 论述词汇的同义关系和反义关系在语言表达中的作用。
五、案例分析题（共40分）20. 请分析“手机”一词的词义演变过程，并讨论其对现代汉语词汇发展的影响。
（20分）21. 以“环保”为例，分析词汇的派生构成方式及其在现代社会中的应用。
词汇学考试整理
词汇学考试整理词汇学整理⼀、选择题25 题 25分1.从规约⾛向描述的⾥程碑词典是：OED2.同义词的特征？（）Synonymous word group a common denotative component brings the words together.3.习语的特征？Idioms are usually semantically opaque and are characterized by structural invariability.4.古代英语Archaic words are words no longer in common use, however they are retained for special purpose, they are sometimes employed in poetry, business letters, legal documents, religious speeches, and prose, (marked arch. Or aic. ) whereas obsolete words just refer to the words completely out of current use . marked obs. (olete.) or dated in a dictionary.5.语境的分类Linguistic (or verbal )contexts or extra-linguistic （or nonverbal）can determine the meanings of words, esp. those of polysemous words.(or verbal )contexts:Lexical context,Lexical context refers to the lexical items combined with a given polysemous word.(see the examples of "make " on ) Grammatical context,In grammatical context, the syntactic structure of the context determines various individual meanings of a polysemous word. (see the examples of "take " in various settings on )However, it is not sufficient to indicate all the individual meanings of a given word.(see the examples concerning the different meanings of the same pattern "get+n." on )Verbal contextThe verbal context, in its broadest sense, may cover an entire passag , or even an entire book, and in some cases even the entire social or cultural setting, as stated at the beginning of the chapter.context of situation:1)The actual speech situation in which a word (or an utterance, or a speech event) occurs.(see the example of "operation" on2) The entire cultural background against which a word, or an utterance or a speech event has to be set (see the example of "peasant" and "farmer" on6.?两个单词有相同的部分，根据什么来猜意义？Componential analysis and semantic features7.理据？Motivation can be classified into three types:1) Phonetic motivation;Words motivated phonetically are called echoic words or onomatopoeic words, whose pronunciation suggests the meaning.2) Morphological motivation;We say that the word is morphologically motivated, for a direct connection can be observed between the morphemic structure of the word and its meaning.If we know the meaning of the affix and the base, then we can immediately the meaning of this word.3) Semantic motivation.Semantic motivation refers to motivation based on semantic factorsThe figurative usage can provide semantic motivation; the figurative meaning can be readily understood by those who know the literal meaning.8.研究多义的两个⽅法They are : 1) diachronic ; 历时⾓度2) synchronic.共时⾓度1) diachronicThe study of the growth or change in the semantic structure of a word, or the study of how the semantic structure of a word has developed from a primary meaning to the present polysemic state, . with derived meaning springing from the original meaning. This way of study is called diachronic approaches.(primary meaning and the present polysemic meaning )Synchronically, we are interested in the comparative value of individual meanings and the interrelation between the central meaning and secondary meaning.9.习语的⽂体特征？Stylistic featureMost idioms are stylistically neutral, but quite a number of them belong to informal spoken English.A few idioms suggest a dignified and elevated tone, and are used on formal occasions, .Some idioms phrases are slangy.Stylistic feature of idioms, however, are constantly shifting, and what is slang today may informal tomorrow.10.词义变化的内部要素（原因）？Linguistic cause: (P172-175)Change of meaning is frequently brought about by two tendencies in a linguistic system; towards ellipsis and toward analogy.Ellipsis as a cause of semantic change often occurs in habitual collection, such as adjective +noun, or attributive noun + noun, in which the noun is deleted and only the first element (the attributive) is left, but retaining the sense of the whole phrase.The analogical tendency is also constantly at work. New meanings developed in one part of speech are passed on to other parts of speech from the same lexical base. 11.词素的分类？12.修辞?明喻Simile： It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other 明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进⾏对⽐，表明本体(tenor)和喻体(vehicle)之间的相似关系，两者都在对⽐中出现。
词汇学语言考试题及答案
词汇学语言考试题及答案1. 词汇学是研究语言中词汇的哪一方面？A. 语音B. 语法C. 词汇D. 语义答案：C2. 词汇学中，词根是指什么？A. 词的最小意义单位B. 词的发音单位C. 词的书写单位D. 词的语法单位答案：A3. 词汇学研究中，词缀的作用是什么？A. 改变词义B. 改变词性C. 改变词形D. 以上都是答案：D4. 以下哪个词不是复合词？A. 黑板B. 电脑C. 老师D. 飞机答案：C5. 词汇学中，同义词是指什么？A. 意义完全相同的词B. 意义相近的词C. 意义相反的词D. 形式相同的词答案：B6. 词汇学中，反义词是指什么？A. 意义完全相同的词B. 意义相近的词C. 意义相反的词D. 形式相同的词答案：C7. 词汇学研究中，词义的演变叫做什么？A. 词义变化B. 词义发展C. 词义演变D. 词义扩展答案：C8. 词汇学中，词义的缩小指的是什么？A. 词义变得更加具体B. 词义变得更加抽象C. 词义变得更加广泛D. 词义保持不变答案：A9. 词汇学研究中，词义的扩大指的是什么？A. 词义变得更加具体B. 词义变得更加抽象C. 词义变得更加广泛D. 词义保持不变答案：C10. 词汇学中，词义的转移指的是什么？A. 词义变得更加具体B. 词义变得更加抽象C. 词义从一个领域转移到另一个领域D. 词义保持不变答案：C。
词汇学期末考试题及答案
词汇学期末考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学研究的核心对象是（）。
A. 语音B. 语法C. 词汇D. 语义答案：C2. 词义的最小单位是（）。
A. 语素B. 词C. 短语D. 句子答案：A3. 以下哪个词属于多义词？（）A. 桌子B. 苹果C. 跑D. 笔答案：C4. 词义的演变通常不包括（）。
A. 词义扩大B. 词义缩小C. 词义转移D. 词义创新答案：D5. 以下哪个词属于外来词？（）A. 沙发B. 电脑C. 汽车D. 火车答案：A6. 词义的引申通常是基于（）。
A. 词的本义B. 词的引申义C. 词的转用义D. 词的比喻义答案：A7. 以下哪个词属于同义词？（）A. 快速和迅速B. 桌子和椅子C. 红色和蓝色D. 学习和平息答案：A8. 以下哪个词属于反义词？（）A. 高和矮B. 桌子和椅子C. 红色和蓝色D. 学习和平息答案：A9. 以下哪个词属于成语？（）A. 马到成功B. 桌子C. 红色D. 学习答案：A10. 以下哪个词属于专业术语？（）A. 电脑B. 桌子C. 红色D. 学习答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学是研究语言中的词汇及其变化规律的学科。
2. 词义的演变包括词义扩大、词义缩小和词义转移。
3. 多义词是指一个词具有两个或两个以上相关或不相关的意义。
4. 外来词是指从其他语言借用过来的词。
5. 词义的引申通常是基于词的本义。
6. 同义词是指意义相同或相近的词。
7. 反义词是指意义相反或相对的词。
8. 成语是指由四个或四个以上汉字组成的固定短语，具有特定的意义和用法。
9. 专业术语是指在特定领域内使用的具有特定意义的词。
10. 词汇的创新是指根据语言发展的需要，创造出新的词汇。
三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述词汇学的研究内容。
词汇学主要研究语言中的词汇及其变化规律，包括词的构成、词义的演变、词的分类、词的用法等方面。
2. 简述词义演变的类型。
2024年自考-自考专业(英语)-英语词汇学考试历年真题常考点试题4带答案
2024年自考-自考专业(英语)-英语词汇学考试历年真题常考点试题带答案（图片大小可任意调节）第1卷一.单选题(共20题)1.We are interested in the weather because it _______ us so directly—what we wear, what we do and even how we feel.A.benefitsB.affectsC.guidesD.effects2.“Woman” becomes “ Frau” in German, “femme” in French and “f ùnǔ” in Chinese. This example shows that in different languages the same concept can be represented by different ______ .A. soundsB.formsC.unitiesD.meanings3.Modern economics ________ the country ’s agricultural poli cies.A.undergoesB.understandsC.underliesD.undertakes4.Idioms nominal in nature have a(n) ______ as the key word in each and function as a noun in sentences.A.verbB.adjective5.Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary ’ , 3rd Edition (1980), is among the best-known British ______ dictionaries.A.unabridgedB.deskC.pocketD.bilingual6.______ of meaning is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become generalized.A.DegradationB.ElevationC.ExtensionD.Specilization7.Each of us should _______ aside a few minutes to have a rest every day.A.pushB.provideC.turnD.set8.You should help them ________ when your friends quarrel with each other.e into sighte to termse into playe to power9.Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary (1987) has some unique features such as definition, extra column and ______.A. pronunciationB.grammar codesage examplesnguage codes10.Modern English vocabulary develops through the following channels EXCEPT ______.A.creationB.borrowingC.semantic changeD. lexical change11.The Indo-European language family is made up of the languages of the following EXCEPTA.EuropeB.the Far EastC.IndiaD.the Near East12.If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get ________.A. concentratedB.confusedC.confirmedD.convinced13.What he told us was more of a(n) ________ than a reality.A.illusionB.demonstrationC.illustrationD.reputation14.Aliens are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling. Which of the following words comes from Chinese?A.BazaarB.KowtowC.RajahD.Blitzkrieg15.To write up his novel, John is looking for an environment free ________ outside distraction.A. onB.withC.fromD.in16.It took a few seconds for her eyes to ________ to the darkness.A.allocateB.adoptC.applyD.adjust17.Which of the following is NOT one of the extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in meaning?A.Cultural reason.B.Historical reason18.The differences between synonyms exist in the following areas EXCEPT ______.A.denotationB.connotationC.referenceD.application19.Generally, a dictionary covers the following contents EXCEPT ______.A. spellingB.pronunciationC.definitionD.syntactical rules20.In grammatical context, the meaning of a word may be influenced by the ______in which it occurs.A.structureB.sentenceC.phraseD.clause第2卷一.单选题(共20题)1.Among the following words, “ ______ ” contains a negative prefix.A.amoralB.de-composeC.antiwarD.foretell2.Which of the following words does NOT have suffixes?A.NorthwardB.WidenC.HappyD.Worker.3.One can figure out the meaning of “ airmail ” to be “ mail by air ” by its ______.B.morphological motivationC.semantic motivationD.etymological motivation4.Which of the following is partially converted?A. A whiteB.A drunkC.The poorD.Finals5.Washing the food down with water as a substitute ________ chewing is not a good habitA.ofB.forC.toD.from6.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Grammatical meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs and stylistic features ofwords.B.Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.C.Affective meaning indicates the listener ’ s attitude towards the person or thing in questionD.Collocation cannot affect the meaning of words.7.Police are ________ the disappearance of two children.A. looking upB.looking throughC.looking intoD.looking on8.We were told that the stone figure _______ back to the 16th century was of great value.A. datedB.datingingD.kept9.Which of the following is NOT one of the context clues?A.DefinitionB.PolysemyC.SynonymyD.Antonymy.A. whatB.thatC.whichD.why11.Happiness doesn ’t alway s _______ money.A.go throughB.go in forC.go withD.go over12.There is an ambiguity in the sentence “ He is a hard businessman ” due to ______.A.polysemyB.homonymyC.synonymyD.antonymy13.A mong the following words, “ ______ ” does NOT have inflectional affixes.A. likedB.children’sC.happierD.it’s14.We cannot leave this tough job to a person ________.A.who nobody has confidenceB.in whom nobody has confidenceC.for whom nobody has confidenceD.who everyone has confidence of15.It has been years ________ I returned home.A.afterB.thatC.sinceD.when16.Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of idioms?A.The part of speech of each element in an idiom is very important.B.The constituents of idioms can eplaced. ’ t be rC.The word order in an idiom can ’ t be changed.D.An idiom functions as one word.breaks he wanted.A.longB.shortC.muchD.little18.The professor worked for 7 hours at a ________.A.stretchB.extendC.expandD.prolong19.Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of new words in the present-day English vocabulary?A.The rapid development of modern science and technology.B.Social, economic and political changesC.The invasion of foreign countries.D.The influence of other cultures and languages.20.How many monomorphemic words are there in the following words? cats boss work improper triedA.1B.2C.3D.4第1卷参考答案一.单选题1.参考答案： B本题解析：affect 多作为动词来用，表示影响。
词汇学复习题答案
词汇学复习题答案一、单项选择题1. 词汇学研究的核心内容是（）。
A. 语言的语音系统B. 语言的语法结构C. 语言的词汇系统D. 语言的语用功能答案：C2. 以下哪个选项不属于词汇学的研究范畴？（）A. 词汇的构成B. 词汇的演变C. 词汇的分类D. 语音的音位变化答案：D3. 词汇学中，对词义的研究主要关注（）。
A. 词义的来源B. 词义的演变C. 词义的分类D. 所有上述选项答案：D4. 词汇学中，词的构成要素包括（）。
A. 音位B. 词根C. 词缀D. 所有上述选项答案：D5. 词汇学研究中，对词汇的分类主要依据（）。
A. 词的形态B. 词的语法功能C. 词的意义D. 词的使用频率答案：B二、填空题1. 词汇学是研究语言中词汇的构成、意义、使用和发展变化规律的学科。
2. 词汇学的研究对象包括词、短语、成语等语言单位。
3. 词义的演变通常包括词义的扩大、缩小、转移和分化。
4. 词汇的分类可以根据词的语法功能、语义特征和使用场合等标准进行。
5. 词汇学的研究方法包括比较法、历史法和结构法等。
三、简答题1. 简述词汇学的主要研究内容。
答：词汇学的主要研究内容包括词的构成、词义、词汇的分类、词汇的使用和发展变化等。
2. 词汇学与语法学的主要区别是什么？答：词汇学主要研究词汇的构成、意义和使用，而语法学则研究句子的结构和成分之间的关系。
3. 词汇学中，词义的研究有哪些主要方法？答：词汇学中，词义的研究方法包括语义场分析、词义演变分析、词义对比分析等。
四、论述题1. 论述词汇学在语言教学中的作用。
答：词汇学在语言教学中的作用主要体现在帮助学习者理解词汇的构成和意义，掌握词汇的使用规则，提高词汇学习效率，以及通过词汇学的研究方法，促进学习者对语言的深入理解和应用能力的提升。
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湖北中医学院《英语词汇学》试卷适用专业及层次（由出卷教研室填写）：英语专业本科姓名：班级：学号：（此试卷共5页，答案请填写在答题纸上，请将最佳答案填在答题纸对应的题号下，答案填写在试卷上者答题无效）(09-10学年第1学期 2010.1)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1.The relationship between the sound and meaning of a word is .A. logicalB. arbitrary，conventionalC. certainD. objective2. The Indo-European language family is made up of most of the languages in the following places except .A. EuropeB. the Near EastC. IndiaD. Africa3. Words produced through affixation constitute of all the new words.A. 20% to 30%B. 30% to 40%C. 40% to 50%D. 10% to 20%4.The chief function of prefixation is to .A. change meanings of the stemsB. change the word-class of the stemC. change grammatical functionD. all the above5. The “house” in “the peasant housed him” belongs to theconversion .A. between noun and adjectiveB. between noun and verbC. between verb and adjectiveD. none of the above6.A concept has referring expressions.A. oneB. manyC. a fewD. none of the above7. The grammatical meanings of a word refer to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationship such as .A. part of speech of wordsB. singular and plural meaning of nounsC. tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional formsD. all the above8. The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with from angles.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four9.In radiation，the secondary meaning of a word is derived from the primary meaning of a word by .A. transferB. extensionC. specializationD. all the above and others10. A legal term “ Alibi” signifying “plea that the accused is not at the place when the crime is committed” now means “excuse”. This change ofword-meaning is called .A. transferB. narrowingC. extensionD. degradation11.Context clues have ones in all.A. sevenB. sixC. eightD. five12. is not the characteristics of idioms.A. TersenessB. ExpressivenessC. VividnessD. Complication13. idioms are characterized by semantic and structural stability.A. All theB. FewC. None ofD. Not all the14.Linguistic dictionaries usually cover such areas as .A. spelling and pronunciationB. meaning and grammatical functionC. usage and etymologyD. all the above15.The main body of a dictionary is of words. （）A. pronunciationB. spellingC. definitionD. usageII . Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）16. According to suffixation theory，“villager” is called denominal noun and “employer” is called noun.17. Lexical meaning and meaning make up the word meaning.18. Absolute synonyms are restricted to highly .19. Narrowing of meaning is the opposite of meaning.20. Linguistic context includes lexical context and .III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes；2）types of meaning；3）language branches and 4）features of idioms.（10%）A B21.celtic （）a. reiteration22.minibus （）b. juxtaposition23.extension （）c. narrowing24.meat（flesh of animals）（）d. alliteration25.elevation （）e. Irish26.degradation （）f . rhyme27.might and main （）g. knight（rank below baronet）28.wear and tear （）h. morphological motivation29.pick and choose （）i. churl（uncultivated or mean person）30.rain or shine （）j. mill（place where things are made）IV . Study the following words or expressions and identify1）types of bound morphemes underlined；2）types of word formations；3）types of meaning and 4）types of meaning of idiom.（10%）31. cooked （）32. employer （）33. meeting-room （）34. record-breaking （）35. cut and dried （）36. tooth and nail （）37. to wolf （）38. telex （）39. takes（verb）（）40. home —— a dwelling place （）V. Define the following terms.（10%）41. allomorph42. blending43. adjective suffix44. connotative meaning45. motivationVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the answer sheet.（12%）46. What are the differences between homonyms and polysemants？47. What are the extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in meaning？48.How does context provide clues for inferring word-meaning？VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the answer sheet.（18%）49. He is as poor as a church mouse.Pick out the idiom in this sentence，then point out its structure，grammatical function and figure of speech.50.（1）“I met a writer who is the relation of a politician.”A B C（2）“I met a newspaper reporter who is the brother of senator Buckley.”A B CStudy these two sentences，and explain what relationship is between each corresponding part in the two sentences？Which sentence is better？Why？（100 Words）湖北中医学院《英语词汇学》试卷答题纸姓名： 班级： 学号：I. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%, 2×15)II .Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%，2×5）16．17． 18．19．20． III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B （10%，1×10）21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.IV . Study the following words or expressions and identify the types （10%，1×10）31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.V. Define the following terms. (10%, 2×5)41．42．43．44．45． VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. (12%, 4×3)46．47．48．VII. Analyze and comment on the following.（18%, 9×2）49.50.英语词汇学试卷参考答案I.1.B 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.D 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.D 15.CII.16.deverbal 17.grammatical 18.specialized vocabulary 19.widening20.grammatical contextIII. 21.e 22.h 23.j 24.c 25.g 26.i 27.d 28.f 29.a 30.bIV. 31.inflectional affixes32.suffixes/derivational affixes33.noun compound，n + n34.adjective compound，n +v-ing35.idiom adjectival in nature/adjective idiom36.idiom adverbial in nature/adverb idiom37.conversion，noun to verb38.blending，head +head39.grammatical meaning40.conceptual meaningV.41.One of the variants that realize a morpheme.42. The formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word.43. The suffix that is added to the stem，whatever class it belongs to，the result will be an adjective.44. Connotative meaning refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptual meaning.45. Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.VI.46.（1）Homonym refers to different words which happen to share the same form and polysemant is the one and same word which has several distinguishable meanings.（2 分）（2）Homonyms are from different sources. A polysemant is from the same source.（1 分）（3）The various meanings of a polysemant are correlated and connected to one central meaning. Meanings of different homonyms have nothing to do with one another.（1 分）47. 要点：（1）Historical reason，ideas，scientific knowledge and so on. Change in the course of time. word-meaning also changes.（2 分）（2）Class reason. Different classes have different languages and attitudes.（1 分）（3）Psychological reason. People change word-meaning owing to various psychological motives.（1 分）48. 要点：Context clues vary a great deal but can be summed up as follows：（1）Definition（2）Explanation（3）Example（4）Synonymy（5）Antonymy（6）Hyponymy（7）Relevant details（8）Word structureVII.49.（1）The idiom is “as poor as a church mouse”.（2 分）（2）Its structure is：as+ a+ as+ n.（3 分）（3）Its grammatical function：adjective idiom as predicative in this sentence.（2 分）（4）simile（2 分）50.（1）The relationship between corresponding parts is hyponymy.（3 分）（2）Subordinates are used in sentence（2），thus sentence（2）is better. Subordinates are concrete，precise and vivid.（6 分）。