2021年江苏省高考英语总复习：阅读理解(附答案解析)

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2021届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专项练习(二十一) Word版含答案

高考英语二轮阅读理解专项练习（A）Most people aren’t good at creative problem solving for two reasons: (1) They are not trained in how to be creative. (2) They don’t understand group strength well enough to harness （驾驭）their power to maximize group creativity.A key element of creativity is applying existing knowledge to a new problem. The more people getting involved in solving it, the more knowledge there is to work on it. Unfortunately, research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods fail to achieve that goal. When groups get together to exchange ideas, they actually come up with fewer ideas overall than if they each had worked alone.To fix this problem, you should consider the two stages of group problem-solving: divergence（分散）and convergence（集中）. Divergence happens when the group considers as many different potential solutions as possible. Convergence happens when the various proposed solutions are evaluated and reduced to a smaller set of candidate solutions to the current problem.The essential principle of group creativity is that individuals working alone diverge, whereas group members working together converge. In groups, once a member states a potential solution, that makes others think about the problem similarly. That is why groups working together diverge less than individuals working alone.Therefore, be aware of when to diverge and when to converge. For example, early in the problem-solving process, have group members work alone to write down statements describing the problem. Then get them back to discuss their descriptions. The group discussion will lead everyone to accept one or a small number of these statements to work on—this is healthy convergence.When starting to generate solutions, you again want divergence. Have people work alone to start. Then collect people’s initial ideas and send them around to others and allow the divergence to continue as everyone individually builds on the ideas of other members.Finally, let the group discuss the resulting ideas. This discussion will gradually lead the group to converge on a small number of candidate solutions.This simple method works effectively, because it respects what individuals and groups do best.1 .Research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods ______.A.actually limit group creativityB.greatly encourage group creativityC.enable people to form more ideas togetherD.prevent people’s involvement in the problems2 .According to Para. 4, when a member presents an idea, others tend to_____.A.think the other way roundB.follow his way of thinkingC.be more confident in their own ideasD.be less willing to share their own ideas3 .What should group members first do early in the problem-solving process?A.Discuss the problem.B.Simplify the problem.C.Put down group statements together.D.Write down their individual descriptions.4 .How can each group member make changes to his initial solution?A.By adding in collected evidence.B.By reorganizing his own words.C.By drawing on others’ ideas.D.By making his statement briefer.5 .What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A.To advocate a way to make group thinking more effective.B.To demonstrate the difficulty in organizing group thinking.C.To highlight the differences between divergence and convergence.D.To show the advantage of group thinking over individual thinking.（B）If you thought pilots dimmed(调暗) the lights before takeoff to give you some shuteye,think again.Believe it or not,the dim lighting could actually help save your life in case of a plane emergency.The dimmed lights before taking off from the runway and landing are a flight precaution used to help passengers’eyes adjust more quickly during an emergency escape.“Going from abrightly-lit environment to one that’s completely dark would require some time for our eyes to focus and see the escape slide,”Alice Theriault,service director for Air Canada wrote in a press statement.“Since we need to have all the seconds on our side in the event of an emergency,dimming the lights is one of many steps we take to ensure the safety of our customers.”The phenomenon that your eyes see those strange speckles (小斑点) as your sight adjusts to a dark place after being in a light place is called dark adaptation.It normally takes our eyes about 20 to 30 minutes to see best in a dark room.The brighter the lights,the longer it takes for our eyes to adjust,which is why dimming the plane lights could shorten your “dark adaptation” time since you haven’t been sitting under fluorescent bulbs (荧光灯) all flight.Not only does dimming lights add valuable time to the escape process,it also reduces the tension on your eyes if you need to look outside,or see the emergency lighting along the passage.“It helps keep you in the right direction,”Patrick Smith,an airline pilot and author of Cockpit Confidential told The Telegraph.“It also makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks,such as fire or debris,that might affect an escape.”So next time a pilot dims the lights,just know it’s for your safety,even though it creates a gentle atmosphere for your takeoff into the sky.1.The lights are dimmed before takeoff to help passengers .A.take a short breakB.escape in time of emergencyC.create a warm atmosphereD.adapt their eyes to the bright environment2.What is one of the roles of shortening “dark adaptation” time?A.Slowing down the landing.B.Adjusting the plane lights.C.Keeping passengers calm.D.Helping the crew judge outside risks.3.What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to?A.Dimming lights.B.The escape process.C.Reducing tension.D.The passage.4.What is the text mainly about?A.A tip of air travel.B.An emergency event on a plane.C.A warning message on a plane.D.An explanation of an airline safety measure.（C）If you were bringing friends home to visit, you could show them the way. You know the landmarks—a big red house or a bus-stop sign. But what if you were swimming in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean? Could you still find your way home? A loggerhead turtle（海龟）could.According to Dr. Ken Lohmann, loggerheads have a magnetic（磁力的）sense based on Earth’s magnetic field. It helps them locate the best spots for finding food and their home beaches.Scientists already know that several other animals, such as whales and honeybees, can detect （探测到）magnetic fields. The difference between them and loggerheads, however, is the way they learn to use their magnetic sense. Young whales and honeybees can learn from adults. Loggerheads are abandoned as eggs.As newborn loggerheads have no adults to learn from, what helps them figure out how to use their magnetic sense? Lohmann thinks one of the cues was light on the sea.Baby loggerheads hatch only at night. However, a small amount of light reflects off the ocean. The light makes that region brighter. Heading toward the light helps them get quickly out to sea, where they can find food. Lohmann tested whether newborn loggerheads use this light source to set their magnetic “compasses”（罗盘）. He and his team put some newborns in a water tank and recorded which way they swam. Around the tank, the scientists created a magnetic field that matched the Earth’s. They set a weak light to the east of the magnetic field. Then they let the newborns go.At first, the newborns swam toward the light. After the scientists turned off the light, the turtles that had seen the light in the east always swam toward east. When the researchers reversed （颠倒）the magnetic field, these turtles turned around and swam toward the new “east”.This and the follow-up experiments all showed that loggerheads use light from the outsideworld to set their magnetic “compasses” and then remember the “correct” direction. If a turtle hatches on a brightly-lit beach, that would damage its magnetic sense forever and make survival hard for the turtle.Lohmann’s work has led others to protect the habitat of this endangered species. Yet many questions about these creatures remain unanswered, and researchers have a lot to study.1..Loggerheads and whales differ in the way they______.A.bring up their youngB.recognize landmarksC.detect magnetic fieldsD.learn to find directions2. What is needed for newborn loggerheads to set their magnetic sense?A.Weak light reflected off the ocean.B.Help from adult loggerheads.C.Bright sunlight from the sky.D.Food in warmer waters.3 .In the experiment, after the newborns’ magnetic sense was set, their moving direction was determined by ____.A.the lightB.the magnetic fieldC.other unknown factorsD.the light and the magnetic field4. What is the significance of Lohmann’s research work?A.It enables researchers to keep track of turtles.B.It contributes to the studies of the magnetic field.C.It offers a new solution to environmental pollution.D.I t helps protect the loggerheads’ living environment.5.What could be the best title of the passage?A.Experiments on LoggerheadsB.The Survival of the Sea TurtleC.The Loggerhead’s Built-in “Compass”parison of Loggerheads and Other Animals（D）Growing up in one of the poorest communities with most crimes in Los Angeles,US,being raised by a poorly-educated single mother and attending the worst-quality public school,not many people expected much of me,so I chose to expect something of myself.On my 12th birthday,I bought a poster of Harvard University to hang in my room.Being at Harvard became my dream—I saw myself attending class in Sanders Theater,studying in Widener Library and eating in Annenberg Hall.Driven by this dream,I kept studying hard.I’d begin my day by asking myself these two questions—What do I want in my life?Are the things I am doing today going to get me closer to that life?Asking myself the questions gave me the courage to ask over 50 Harvard students for advice on my application essays,it gave me the energy to study just one more hour on my SATs when others were asleep,and it gave me the determination to apply for just one more scholarship when already refused many times.Moreover,reminding myself of my goal each day made it easy to say no to the same choices my friends made,because they would never get me closer to my goal.I found that even being poor could not take away my power to decide what I chose to do with my life.Every day I could feel myself getting closer and closer to my goal as my writing got better,my SAT score increased,and my scholarship offers started coming in.On March 31st,2011,an email arrived from Harvard.The first word was“Congratulations!”.Tears of joy filled my eyes.Who you are today is the result of the decisions you made yesterday,and who you will be tomorrow will be the result of the choices you make today.Who do you want to be tomorrow?1.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?A.It describes the author’s early living conditions.B.It proves that the author once lived an unhappy life.C.It shows how many people treated the author badly.D.It shares the author’s dream with readers.2.What is the author’s attitude to the hardship?A.Disappointed.B.Positive.C.Thankful.D.Sorrowful.3.What did the author want to tell us most?A.A famous university,a successful life.B.The earlier you set yourself a goal,the better.C.What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger.D.Your choices determine who you are.（E）Over a hundred years ago in 1911,something strange was found in the glaciers of Antarctica.Crilffith Taylor—an Australian geologist,had discovered a blood red stream pouring out of the ice cascades (瀑布) of Talor Glacier!Popularly known as the Blood Falls,scientists had not been able to find the reason behind the blood red liquid flowing through the ice—until recently.The mystery of the Blood Falls had finally been solved.When these falls were first discovered,scientists had believed that the red colour came from a large amount of red algae (海藻) concentrated in the water.Red algae contain a pigment (色素) which reflects red light,making the algae appear red.This theory made sense,until it was later found that algae do not play a part in the red color of the flowing liquid at all.What really causes Talor Glacier’s waters appear blood red,is the presence of iron oxide in the liquid.The waters of the Blood Falls are rich in salt and iron content,and when this water comes in contact with the air,it turns red—just like rust!The water in these falls is often referred to as “brine” by scientists because of the high salt content in the water.This reasoning behind the red colors of the falls was found back in 2003.However,the entire mystery had not yet been solved.How is it then,that the Blood Falls are not frozen?Researchers at the University of Colorado and University of Alaska found that inside the glacier,there is a network of channels and reservoirs that move the water around.Salt water has a lower freezing temperature.In addition,when any substance undergoes a change in state,it gives off heat.Therefore,the brine actually warm itself up while it’s freezing!How this works,is that when the brine is flowing through the Talor Glacier,some of it does freeze.As a result of changing state from liquid to ice,the brine gives off heat.This heat is enough to keep the rest of the brine in liquidform,which is why it flows out of the glacier.Incredible new chemistry facts found,and mystery solved!1.According to the text,the red algae theory was once considered .A.ridiculousB.reasonableC.impracticalplex2.Why do the Blood Falls look red in colour?A.Because there is too much salt and iron in the water.B.Because the liquid is rich in red algae.C.Because the flowing liquid reflects red sunlightD.Because the air is thin and rare in Antarctica.3.What is the main reason for the Blood Falls’ not freezing?A.The water continued flowing constantly.B.There is too much salt in the water.C.The brine gives off heat while freezingD.Temperatures aren’t high enough for flowing water.4.What is the passage mainly about?A.The discovery of the blood glacier.B.The birth of the Talor Glacier.C.The flowing red water in Antarctica.D.The mystery of the Blood Falls.参考答案：A篇：ABDCAB篇：BDADC篇：DABDCD篇：ABDE篇：BACD。

高考英语阅读理解题附答案

高考英语阅读理解题附答案高考英语阅读理解题附答案阅读理解在高考英语中占很重要的位置，为了帮助考生复习阅读理解题。

接下来，店铺为你分享高考英语阅读理解题，希望对你有帮助。

高考英语阅读理解题(一)Sixteen years ago I learned this lesson in the back of a New York City taxi cab.Heres what happened.I hopped in a taxi, and we took off for Grand Central Station.We were driving in the right lane when, all of a sudden, a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us.My taxi driver slammed on his brakes, skidded, and missed the other cars back end by just inches!The driver of the other car, who almost caused a big accident, started yelling bad words at us.My taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy.And I mean he was friendly.So, I said, Why did you just do that?This guy almost ruined your car and sent us to the hospital! And this is when my taxi driver told me what I now call The Law of the Garbage Truck.Many people are like garbage (rubbish) trucks.They run around full of garbage, full of frustration, full of anger, and full of disappointment.As their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump it.And if you let them, theyll dump it on you.When someone wants to dump on you, dont take it personally.You just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on.Youll be happy with what you did.I started thinking, how often do I let Garbage Trucks run right over me?And how often do I take their garbage and spread it to other people at work, at home, or on the streets?It was that dayI said, Im not going to do anymore.Successful people do not let Garbage Trucks take over their day.What about you?If you let more garbage trucks pass you by, youll be happier.Lifes too short to wake up in the morning with regrets.So, Love the people who treat you right.Forget about the ones who dont.高考英语阅读理解题目及答案41.What happened one day when the author was taking a taxi?A.The taxi almost hit another car.B.The taxi driver was injured.C.The author scolded the driver of the other car.D.The author learned a lesson from the driver of the garbage truck.42.How did the taxi driver respond to the behavior of the driver of the black car?A.He yelled back at the driver.B.He sent the driver to the hospital.C.He was friendly towards the driver.D.He dumped some garbage in front of his car.43.What does the taxi driver think of people according to Paragraph 3?A.Many people like to drive garbage trucks.B.Many people dump garbage wherever they like.C.Many people are warm-hearted to make others happy.D.Many people tend to be very much depressed.44.What can we infer from Paragraph 4?A.The author used to have a lot of garbage trucks.B.The author used to complain a lot.C.The author used to have a lot of money.D.The author used to be a good manager.45.According to the passage, what should you do if people dump garbage on you?A.Ignore them and go on with our own work.B.Try our best to persuade them not to do that again.C.Tell them to dump the garbage in the right place.D.Take over their work and carry the garbage to somewhere else.【参考答案】41---45ACDBA高考英语阅读理解题(二)Using tablet computers like Apples iPad and Samsungs Galaxy Note just before bed can lead to a poor nights sleep, according to research.More and more people are taking their tablets to bed with them to surf the web, check Facebook or email before switching off the light. But researchers are warning that the blueish light their screens emit can stop users getting a good nights sleep. That is because this type of light mimics daylight, convincing the brain that it is still daytime. Blue light suppresses production of a brain chemical called melatonin, which helps us fall sleep. This is because our brains have evolved to be wakeful during daylight hours. By contrast, light which is more orange or red in tone does not reduce melatonin production, perhaps because our brains recognize it as a cue that the day is ending.Neurologists (神经病学家) have known for years that staring at screens late in the evening can disrupt sleep. Researchers at the Lighting Research Centre, at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York, are warning that looking at tablet displays for more than two hours leads to a suppression of our natural melatonin levels as the devices emit optical radiation (光辐射) atshort wavelengths - in other words, they emit bluer light.They say: Although turning off devices at night is the ultimate solution, it is recommended that if these devices are used at night displays are dimmed as much as possible and that the time spent on them before bed should be limited.They drew their conclusions after measuring melatonin levels in 13 volunteers, after they had spent time viewing iPads at full brightness at a distance of 10 inches, for two hours. Melatonin levels were significantly lower after they had done this, than they were after the volunteers had viewed their iPads for the same time, but while wearing orange glass goggles, which cut out the blue light.They wrote in the journal Applied Ergonomics that tablet makers could tune the spectral power distribution of self-luminous devices (自发光设备的频谱功率分布) so that they disrupted the sleep patterns of users less.It is not just a good nights sleep that could be jeopardized (危害) by too much late night screen time. Researchers know that persistent disruption to sleep patterns can lead to an increased risk of obesity, and even breast cancer. However, these studies tend to be comparisons of those with chronic (慢性的) sleep disruption, such as long term shift workers, with those who have normal sleep patterns.高考英语阅读理解题目及答案12. What is it that stops users getting a good nights sleep?A. ScreensB. blueish lightC. MelatoninD. Orange or red light13. Based on their findings, researchers have made the following suggestions except that ________.A. Devices like iPads should be turned off at night.B. Tablet makers should make improvements in devices.C. Users should view iPads at full brightness instead of wearing orange glass goggles.D. The time spent on screen before bed should be controlled.14. We can infer from the passage that _________.A. Orange and red light does no good to a good nights sleep.B. Our brains recognize orange or red light in tone as a cue that the day is ending.C. The less melatonin our body produces, the easier we fall asleep.D. Too much late night screen time leads to more than sleep problem.15. The writers purpose for writing this article is to ________.A. inform readers of a recent research.B. complain about problems caused by using iPads before bed.C. offer some suggestions on late night screen viewing.D. advocate late night screen viewing.参考答案12-15 BCDA。

高考复习(英语)专项练习：50分阅读限时满分练【含答案及解析】 (4)

50分阅读限时满分练(五)(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)A(2021·安徽合肥二模)CVCC’s High School ProgrammeCareer-technical programmes at Cuyahoga Valley Career Centre allow students flexible career paths with advanced knowledge to prepare them for college and work.Electrical SystemsEach student is provided with trade-related classroom training that produces competency and pride that lead to true craftsmanship. Learn how to use many of the latest tools and technologies with hands-on training in our fully equipped lab. The programme’s diversified coursework gives students a strong foundation in electrical systems installation and repair, in addition to receiving skill training, working and earning a paycheque on the job.Engineering TechnologyYou’ll learn engineering concepts and technology such as applied logic, digital electronics, computer-aided design, robotics and computer-integrated manufacturing. The project-based approach lets you apply your skill to real situations. In practice, you’ll pick your own real-world problems to solve and get ready for a college engineering programme.Sports Medicine Exercise ScienceThis science-based programme combines lectures, hands-on labs and critical thinking activities with all of the latest fitness technology. Students have the unique opportunity to learn in exercise and sports environments alongside exercise and sports professionals using advanced medical techniques to prevent and heal injuries. Upon completion of the programme, students may earn college credits at various Ohio universities. Applicants must have a minimum 3.0 GPA(Grade Point Average) and “C” or better in Biology.Education ProfessionEducation Profession introduces college-minded students to the field of education. This foundational course benefits all education majors regardless of specialty. Observation and field experiences provide the first-hand experience you need to decide if a career in education is for you. Admission is with high school counselor(顾问) recommendation only.1.Which programme offers students pay?A.Electrical Systems.B.Engineering Technology.C.Sports Medicine Exercise Science.cation Profession.2.What is special about Sports Medicine Exercise Science?A.It is targeted at college students in Ohio.B.It is aimed at training professional athletes.C.It only admits applicants with recommendation.D.It has academic requirements for applicants.3.What can we infer about the programmes mentioned in the text?A.They are science-related.B.They are technology-centred.C.They stress practical training.D.They guarantee admission to college.B(2021·宁夏银川高三教学质量检测)Chinese cuisine is widely known and enjoyed all around the world. Who doesn’t long for a favourite Chinese dish? But there is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard of in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East—the ancient custom of “tonic food”.Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one’s well-being or avoid sickness. For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame oil(麻油) hot pot every day for the first month after giving birth. It was believed that this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body. Some foods, such as mutton and spinach(菠菜), are seen as “hot”, while others, such as Chinese cabbage and radish(樱桃萝卜), are seen as “cold”. One should be careful not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food. However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat depends on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual’s health.The custom of tonic food for a healthier life also influences the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicines, such as wolfberry(枸杞), can be found on many restaurant menus, either added to fruit tea or as a beneficial addition to a dish. These herbs attract customers, such as over-worked office staff, in need of a modest pick-me-up.So, whether you need to boost your strength with a large helping of chicken soup, or increase your mental powers with a serving of pig’s brain soup, you may find that this ancient Chinese custom could be just the tonic you are looking for.4.What is the present situation of tonic food?A.It is catching less attention.B.It is enjoyed by many young people.C.It is well-known worldwide.D.It is becoming increasingly popular.5.What is believed to benefit new mothers?A.Chinese cabbage.B.Fruit tea.C.Sesame oil hot pot.D.Pig’s brain soup.6.What does the underlined word “catering” mean in paragraph 3?A.Medicine.B.Restaurant.cation.D.Fashion.7.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.The Charm of Chinese CuisineB.The Popularity of Tonic FoodC.An Introduction to Chinese Tonic FoodD.Differences between Hot Food and Cold FoodC(2021·黑龙江齐齐哈尔二模)A new study looks at how pets provide important support through petting, cuddles(拥抱), and a frequent physical presence. This is especially key when people feel lonely.The researchers interviewed 32 people aged 59 to 83. Pets included dogs, cats, birds, etc. More than 90% of the people spoke about touch in the relationship with their pets. “Participants often described touch-based interactions with their pets as being comforting or relaxing in a way that contributed to their overall well-being,” the researchers say. “For our participants, comfort is the sense of being somehow cared for by another being.”Many people in the study spoke about how their pets just seemed to “know” when they weren’t feeling well and they’d move to get physically near them. Different pets were better at providing comfort, some participants insisted. Many said cats were more relaxing than dogs, while others said dogs could be relaxing as long as they were “the right kind of dog”. But almost all pets provided some sort of comfort to their owners when it came to touch.Janette Young, lecturer in health sciences at the University of South Australia, and her team uncovered an interesting thing about the pet-human relationship. People in the study often spoke about how their animals demanded to be petted or seemed to take joy in the interaction. This, in turn, made the humans feel good.The researchers suggest that pets can be “helpful in reducing touch deprivation(匮乏)” and the benefits can come from all kinds of pets. This connection can be particularly important in health care and senior care settings where patients and workers are less likely to be able to see friends and family; yet touch is important and can improve health and happiness.Pets can also offer benefits that in some cases people can’t offer. “Relationships with pets are different to those with humans,” Young says. “Animals don’t judge and are always with us.”8.About what did some participants hold different opinions?A.What pets were better at providing comfort.B.Whether pets could make them feel relaxed.C.How they felt when their pets touched them.D.When pets could notice their owners’ discomfort.9.What did Janette Young find about the pet-human relationship?A.It is full of judgments.B.It turns out temporary.C.It benefits both parties.D.It is determined by pets.10.What may researchers suggest hospitals do?A.Encourage pet connection programmes.B.Raise pets to reduce human touch.C.Select the best pet companions.D.Order workers’ friends to pay visits.11.What is the main idea of the text?A.Humans need spiritual support.B.Pet-human interactions are common.C.Lonely people like living with pets.D.Pets offer humans touch-based comfort.D(2021·山东日照一模)Looking for a place to take a rest, sip a cup of coffee and have a furry companion? Welcome to animal-themed cafes.In recent years, the combination of pets and catering has become incredibly popular in many cities throughout China. While many cafes started out offering the company of cats and dogs, others are expanding their range. Some cafes include animals like squirrels, raccoons(浣熊) and even capybaras(水豚).Many Internet users have commented that their main reason for visiting these businesses is to interact closely with animals they have only seen from afar.“The customers love animals. They are curious about these pets and want to raise one at home but circumstances don’t allow it,” said pet cafe owner Tian Rui. Liu Jing, a Beijing resident who works in finance, loves pigs, but her parents would not endorse her getting one as a pet. The 24-year-old had to admire the animals through videos and images. But now, she can have close contact with an adorable pig every weekend in a pet cafe.Also, these pet cafes serve as a shelter for those who find comfort in being around animals. “In this place, you can get close to the cute little ones in a very comfortable way without having to worry about safety and hygiene(卫生)—overall, it is an extremely comfortable experience,” said Zhao Ming from Tianjin, a frequent pet cafe visitor.Animal lovers also expect the pet cafes to change people’s attitudes towards pets. Animals like ducks, pigs and sheep have been served as food for many years. People hardly see them as pets. But the pet cafes help shift their attitude from seeing them as playthings to regarding them as family members or close friends.“Whether at home or in stores, these little animals are there for companionship and they bring warmth to our hearts. They care and understand just like family members. They give us much more than the love we give to them,” Zhao said.12.Why do people visit pet cafes?A.To pursue inner peace.B.To appreciate animal images.C.To experience a clean environment.D.To have close contact with animals.13.What does the underlined word “endorse” in paragraph 4 mean?A.Believe in.B.Approve of.C.Prevent.D.Suspect.14.We can conclude from paragraph 6 that pet cafes may.A.change our views of animalsB.teach us how to look after pets betterC.show us the importance of having petsD.remind us to value our family and friends15.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Cafes Enjoy Great PopularityB.Ideal Shelters for Lovely AnimalsC.Animals Turn into CompanionsD.Animal Lovers from Different CitiesⅡ.七选五(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)(2021·江苏淮安高三适应性联考)If you’re looking to maximise the amount of fat burning in your next workout, think about having a coffee half an hour before you get started. 16Researchers found that 3 milligrams(毫克) of caffeine per kilogram of body weight can raise the rate of fat burning during aerobic(有氧的) exercise. 17 The coffee dose was shown to increase maximal fat oxidation rate(脂肪氧化率) by an average of 10.7 percent in the morning and 29 percent in the afternoon.The recommendation to exercise on an empty stomach in the morning to increase fat oxidation is common. 18 It is still unknown whether this increase is due to exercising in the morning or due to going without food for a longer period of time.19 Caffeine is often associated with improved athletic performance, though the science behind this link isn’t as comprehensive as it could be. In later cycling tests after the caffeine had been given, thefat-burning capability of the body was measured, showing the impact that caffeine had made on MFO. Maximum oxygen uptake was also raised, as was the intensity(强度) of exercise.The results of the study showed that acute caffeine intake 30 minutes before performing an aerobic exercise test increased MFO during exercise regardless of the time of day.20 Overall, these results suggest that a combination of acute caffeine intake and exercise at moderate intensity in the afternoon provides the best solution for individuals seeking to increase whole-body fat oxidation during aerobic exercise.A.It is based on the results gathered from 15 male volunteers.B.However, this recommendation may lack a scientific basis.C.Evidence is mounting that morning exercise is good for your health.D.A new study suggests it can make a significant difference to fat burning.E.They are clear enough to suggest that there is some kind of association there.F.Researchers have found that if cyclists take more caffeine, they will ride much faster.G.Researchers were keen to look in detail at the relationship between caffeine and exercise.50分阅读限时满分练(五)【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。

2021年高考真题-英语(江苏卷)(附答案)

英语试题第一局部：听力〔共两节，总分值20分〕做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节〔共5小题；每题1分，总分值5分〕听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £ 9.18.C. £ 9.15.答案是C。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a supermarket.B. In the post office.C. In the street.2. What did Carl do?A. He designed a medal.B. He fixed a TV set.C. He took a test.3. What does the man do?A. He's a tailor.B. He's a waiter.C. He's a shop assistant.4. When will the flight arrive?A. At 18：20.B. At 18：35.C. At 18：50.5. How can the man improve his article?A. By deleting unnecessary words.B. By adding a couple of points.C. By correcting grammar mistakes.第二节〔共15小题；每题I分，总分值15分〕听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

高考复习(英语)专项练习：(阅读理解)主旨大意题——文章大意类【含答案及解析】

考点分类练(七)主旨大意题——文章大意类A(2021·山东烟台一模)The paper, published in May by the Journal of Marketing Research, analysed purchases made from a single large European retailer and found that free shipping did encourage customers to buy more. But it also increased purchases of items that historically have higher return rates, such as clothing or products from lesser-known brands. Thus, returns also increased as a result of the promotions, to the point where profits were erased.In one part of the paper, during the typically four-week periods when free shipping was offered, online order volumes rose 11%. But when the cost of returns was compared with the sales proceeds(收入), the authors calculated that on balance the results for the promotion periods amounted to an average 0.7% loss.In one analysis that ran for two months, the researchers found that the return rate for customers who bought low-risk products—like office supplies, or products from well-known brands—averaged about 22%.In another analysis, the researchers attempted to better understand motivations of online shoppers by measuring their attitudes towards free shipping. They found two things were happening. First, consumers saw free shipping as compensation for taking a risk on a product. Second, feelings of gratitude for having shipping costs eliminated(消除) made them happy and thus more willing to make a risky purchase.Prof.Neslin advises companies to look at whether their own free-shipping promotions are profitable before they launch such campaigns. Also, he advises companies to identify which products get returned more often than others and try to provide customers with more information about those products, so they can make more informed choices.1.What erased the profits according to the first paragraph?A.The risky customers.B.The European retailer.C.The returned items.D.The lesser-known brands.2.What can we learn from the passage?A.Consumers risked purchasing a product when free shipping came along with it.B.Free shipping encouraged customers to buy products from well-known brands.C.Online order volumes rose only when free shipping was offered as compensation.D.Purchases of office supplies also increased during the typically four-week periods.3.What is the passage mainly about?A.Low-risk products.B.Return rates.C.Increased purchases.D.Free shipping.B(2021·湖北黄冈高三4月模拟)An advance in electronic publishing could make the e-book you are reading seem as dated as a silent film. Publishers hope to explore the growing success of e-books by releasing versions with added soundtracks(电影原声音乐) and musical accompaniments.The noise in the first multimedia books—released in Britain—include the rain hitting a window in a Sherlock Holmes tale. When the plot of a book reaches the most exciting part, background scores will create tension.Supporters argue that sound effects are the next logical development for e-books and will add excitement for younger readers. Critics, however, will argue that the noise will ruin the simple pleasure of having the imagination stimulated by reading.Caroline Michel, chief executive of the literary agency, said the new generation of computer-literate readers was used to multiple sensory input. She said,“Young people have split computer screens where they may be watching television and replying to an email at the same time. If that’s what the market wants then we should respond to the market.”Booktrack’s sound effects work by estimating the user’s reading speed. Each time you “turn” a page, the software reassesses where you have reached in the text and times the sounds to switch on accordingly. If the soundtrack becomes out of sync(同步), a click on any word will reset it.Some authors fear that a soundtrack could destroy the peace and quiet of libraries and ruin the pleasure of reading. David Nicholls, author of Our Day, the best-seller now released as a film, said, “This sounds like the opposite of reading. I have enough trouble reading an e-book because I’m constantly distracted by emails.”Stuart MacBride sells 18% of his books as electronic downloads. He said,“If I’m reading, I will do the noise in my head. I don’t need someone to tell me what teacups clinking sounds like. That would irritate me.”4.What do publishers expect an e-book soundtrack to do?A.Help to release an e-book as a film.B.Help readers improve reading speed.C.Add tension at a book’s exciting point.D.Get readers familiar with the background.5.Who is in favour of added soundtracks for e-books?A.Sherlock Holmes.B.Caroline Michel.C.David Nicholls.D.Stuart MacBride.6.What do we know about Stuart MacBride?A.He was a person who was easy to get angry.B.He knew a great deal of tea.C.Eighty-two percent of his books described crime.D.He imagined sounds related to the story when reading.7.What’s the main idea of the passage?A.Opinions about e-books with soundtracks.B.Response to the need of the book market.C.Reasons for traditional e-books becoming outdated.D.Suggestions on encouraging readers’ imagination.C(2021·湖南长郡十五校高三联考)For most people, graduation is an exciting day of the celebration of years of hard work. My graduation day was not.I remember that weekend two years ago. Family and friends had flown in from across the country to attend the celebration. But just like everyone else in my class, I had watched the economy turn from bad to worse. What I thought would take a week dragged into two, and then four, and 100 job applications later, I found myself in the exact same spot as I was before. And the due date to begin paying back my student loan was drawing closer.You know that feeling when you wake up in fear? That feeling became a constant in my life. Days felt like weeks, weeks like months. And the most frustrating part was no matter how much I tried, I just couldn’t seem to make any progress.So what did I do to maintain my sanity(理智)? I decided to write. Something about putting words on a page made everything seem a little clearer—a little brighter. Something about writing gave me hope. And if you want something badly enough, sometimes a little hope is all you need! So I put my thoughts into a children’s book. And then one day, without any sort of writing degree or contacts in the writing world—just a lot of hard work and perseverance—I was offered a publishing contract for my first book! After that, things slowly began to fall into place. I was offered a second book deal. Then, a few months later, I got an interview and was hired shortly.The moral of this story is... don’t give up. Even if things look bleak now, don’t give up. If you work hard, things will always get better. Oftentimes all we need is the courage to overcome difficulties.8.From paragraph 2, we can learn that the author probably .A.was having an exciting graduationB.was getting into financial difficultiesC.missed the life in the universityD.had just applied for the student loan9.How did the author change the frustrating situation?A.By sending applications.B.By offering contracts.C.By keeping writing.D.By publishing books.10.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “bleak” in the last paragraph?A.Unattractive.B.Hopeless.C.Thrilling.D.Promising.11.What is the passage mainly about?A.Success belongs to the persevering.B.A contented mind is a permanent feast.C.A smooth sea never makes a skillful mariner.D.Misfortunes tell us what fortune is.考点分类练(七)主旨大意题——文章大意类【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

(江苏专用)2021高考英语二轮增分策略专题三阅读理解第二节分类突破1细节理解_事实细节题优选习题

一、细节理解——事实细节题(2021·江苏，A)语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。

文中作者向读者推荐了一本有关历史的书并介绍了其相关信息。

56．What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text?A．A biography. B．A travel guide.C．A history book. D．A science fiction.答案 C解析细节理解题。

由倒数第二段中的“While CHRONOLOGICA tells the s tories...this book also gives...〞可知CHRONOLOGICA是一本书，再根据文章开头所说的这是一次穿越时间的迷人旅行(a fascinating journey through time)可判断这是一本历史书。

应选C项。

57．How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?A．By giving details of its collection.B．By introducing some of its contents.C．By telling stories at the beginning.D．By comparing it with other books.答案 B解析推理判断题。

通读文章可知，作者提到了这本书的局部内容——罗马的建立，因特网的缔造，罗马皇帝及百年战争等。

应选B项。

一、题型解读事实细节题常以应用文的形式出现在考题中，涉及的话题有：广告类，活动安排类，书籍电影介绍类，演出信息类等。

设问方式以5W1H(what，who，when，where，why和how)等开头的特殊疑问句。

二、解题技巧——题干定位，寻找信息题干定位法是做事实细节题最根本的也是最常用的方法。

事实细节题主要考察对某句话或某几句话的理解，可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进展比拟和分析，便可以确定最正确答案。

2021年全国统一高考英语试卷(甲卷)(附答案详解)

2021年全国统一高考英语试卷（甲卷）一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）(2021·全国·历年真题)AA Take a view, the Landscape(风景) Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of todayˈs most respected landscape photographers. Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.1.Who would most probably enter for Take a view?A. Writers.B. Photographers.C. Painters.D. Tourists.2.What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?A. They are winter images.B. They are in black and white.C. They show mountainous scenes.D. They focus on snow-covered forests.3.Where can the text be found?A. In a history book.B. In a novel.C. In an art magazine.D. In a biography.(2021·全国·历年真题)BPort Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding(繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf(犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity(圈养).Paul Beer, head of rhino secti on at Port Lympne, said: "Obviously weˈre all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. Sheˈs healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. Itˈs still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up.I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day."The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32 kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a "critically endangered" status.4.Which of the following best describes the breeding programme?A. Costly.B. Controversial.C. Ambitious.D. Successful.5.What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhino?A. She loves staying with her mother.B. She dislikes outdoor activities.C. She is in good condition.D. She is sensitive to heat.6.What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have?A. They had their first born in January.B. They enjoyed exploring new places.C. They lived with their grandmothers.D. They were brought to the reserve young.7.What can be inferred about Port Lympne Reserve?A. The rhino section will be open to the public.B. It aims to control the number of the animals.C. It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.D. Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.(2021·全国·历年真题)CWhen I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant donˈt worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: "Safe! Safe! Safe!" And thatˈs what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, Iˈd given it up.When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. Iˈve traveled back several times since, most recently t his past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving(穿梭) among thekids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail-thin teenager, in a baggy white T-shirt, skidded(滑) up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. "I was a local here 20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. "Safe, man. Safe.""Yeah," I said. "Safe."8.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?A. He felt disappointed.B. He gave up his hobby.C. He liked the weather there.D. He had disagreements with his family.9.What do the underlined words "Safe! Safe! Safe!" probably mean?A. Be careful!B. Well done!C. No way!D. Donˈt worry!10.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?A. To join the skateboarding.B. To make new friends.C. To learn more tricks.D. To relive his childhood days.11.What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. Children should learn a second language.B. Sport is necessary for childrenˈs health.C. Children need a sense of belonging.D. Seeing the world is a must for children.(2021·全国·历年真题)DWho is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.Letˈs state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. Itˈs said that histo ry is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made bygeniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别) are "really, really smart." Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are "really, really smart." Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesnˈt take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not. Here's the good news. In a wired world w ith constant global communication, weˈre all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with "intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world."12.What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?A. They're unfair.B. They're conservative.C. They're objective.D. They're strict.13.What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?A. They think themselves smart.B. They look up to great thinkers.C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs.14.Why are more geniuses known to the public?A. Improved global communication.B. Less discrimination against women.C. Acceptance of victorsˈ concepts.D. Changes in people's social positions.15.What is the best title for the text?A. Geniuses Think AlikeB. Genius Takes Many FormsC. Genius and IntelligenceD. Genius and Luck二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）(2021·全国·历年真题) Swap, Donˈt shop!You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? 16 . It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 17 , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.● 18 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 19 . Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.●Set a starting time. Maybe you say "go", or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 20 . And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!A. Less people than thatB. Hold a clothing swapC. If two people are competingD. Just keep music playing throughoutE. Donate whatever clothes are left overF. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spotsG. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）(2021·全国·历年真题) It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.Burchill was 21 at the hotel on business and planning to 22 some friends in the area. They had asked him to 23 some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was 25 that it would be too warm, he 26 it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was 27 and well chilled (冷却) and he 28 .That's when things went 29 . "I remember walking down the long 30 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls," Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-star hotel. "The seagulls immediately went 32 . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni everywhere. The curtains were falling down. The lamps were falling down. It was a real 34 ."Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞)."I have 35 and I admit responsibility of my 36 ," he said in the letter. "I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel."His letter 40 . Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.21. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing22. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make23. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste24. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost25. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried26. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid27. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready28. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted29. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind30. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table31. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation32. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild33. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in34. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge35. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured36. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions37. A. hands in pocket B. nose in the airC. hat in handD. feet on the ground38. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly39. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew40. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.(2021·全国·历年真题) The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that hassurvived China's long history. It 41 (build) originally to protect the city 42 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible 43 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After 44 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 45 (good) than to ride on a piece ofhistory!We 46 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 47 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 48 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gatesand 49 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going abouttheir 50 (day) routines.五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.(2021·全国·历年真题)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作业，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

2021届高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解_推理判断题一含解析

阅读理解——推理判断题(一)ATeenage life is quite dramatic but that doesn't mean you cannot enjoy your life in these years.Even with your daily troubles，your life is not very hard if you know how to deal with them.I know exactly how you feel.Teenage life can be hard.You are not a kid anymore，because you are smart enough to observe and analyze your surroundings.However，you are still not an adult because there are still lots of experiences that you need to have and lessons that you need to learn from these experiences.To top it all，the hormonal(荷尔蒙的)imbalance in your body can really mess you up.I have been there.I was in it for six years exploring what life is about!As a teenager，I had a major problem completing my chores on time.And at that time，all that I needed to do was to finish my assignments，study for the upcoming tests and clean my room.Now，I have much more things to do: cooking，cleaning and working while striking a balance between all my relationships related to work，family and friends.That really is a lot of work.So，I will just give you one golden tip，quoting from Benjamin Franklin，“Never leave that till tomorrow which you can do today.”Life becomes much easier now because I finish all my work on time and I have enough time to let my hair down.Half the problems of a teenager appear because we hate doing things.We'd rather go and have fun than sit down and take on our responsibilities.That is why you have so much trouble in your life；your parents won't let you go out with friends because you haven't cleaned your room or your teacher is always criticizing you because you haven't finished your assignments.[语篇解读] 作者通过自己的经历告诉我们：如果你懂得如何处理日常烦恼，你的青少年生活就没有那么难了。

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2021年江苏省高考英语总复习：阅读理解1．As we continue to explore farther out into our solar system and beyond，the question of humans living on other planets often comes up．Manned bases on the Moon or Mars for example，have long been a dream of many．There is a natural desire to explore as far as we can go，and also to extend humanity's presence on a permanent（永久的）or at least semi ﹣permanent basis．In order to do this，however，it is necessary to adapt to different extreme environments．On the Moon for example，a colony must be self﹣sustaining（自立的）and protect its inhabitants from the airless，harsh environment outside．Mars，though，is different．While future bases could adapt to the Martian environment over time there is also the possibility of modifying（改变）the surrounding environment instead of just co﹣existing with it．This is the process of terraforming ﹣adjusting Mars' atmosphere and environment to make it more Earth﹣like．But the bigger question is，should we？One of the main issues is whether Mars has any native life or not and if it does，should it be preserved（保护）as much as possible？If the answer is yes，then large﹣scale human settlements on Mars should be completely off﹣limits．Small colonies might be fine，but living on Mars should not be at the expense of any native habitats，if they exist．If Mars is home to any indigenous life，then terraforming should be a non﹣issue；it simply should not be done．What if Mars is lifeless？Even if no life exists there，that untouched and unique alien environment needs to be preserved as it is as much as possible．We've already done too much damage here on our own planet．By studying Mars and other planets and moons in their current natural state，we can learn so much about their history and also learn more about our own world．We should appreciate the differences of other worlds instead of just transforming them to suit our own ambitions．（1）What is the best title for the text？A．Are Mars and Earth So Different？B．Should we terraform Mars？C．Can we adapt to Mars？D．Is there life on Mars？（2）What does the author think we should do if life is found on Mars？A．Ensure that it's not harmed．B．Discuss with the Martians．C．Change the unpopulated regions．D．Reconsider the advantages and disadvantages．（3）What does the underlined word "indigenous" in paragraph 3 mean？A．Complex．B．Intelligent．C．Foreign．D．Native．（4）How does the author develop his ideas in the text？A．By referring to others' research．B．By showing the benefits of terraforming．C．By arguing in support of one viewpoint．D．By examining the conditions of different planets．3．The year 2019 saw the end of the hit sitcom The Big Bang Theory．Now，another popular comedy，Modern Family，follows in their footsteps．After 11 seasons the final episode aired on April 8，bringing an end to a sitcom "widely recognized as one of the funniest and most decorated sitcoms of this century"，according to EOnline．Hitting our screens in 2009，the show claimed 22 Emmys in total，an American award that recognizes excellence in television．At its peak the show attracted over 9 million viewers for its relatable family dynamic，loveable characters and mockumentary（伪纪录片）style．In this format，characters can convey their own thoughts and feelings directly to the audience via a short sit﹣down interview．Over the course of the series，fans have witnessed the Pritchett﹣Dunphy﹣Tucker clan （家族），an extended Los Angeles family，overcome the trials and tribulations of any modern family，including death，adoption and mental health．The big family's highs and lows have made it so relatable that we see them as part of ourown family and care about their stories．From fights between siblings （兄弟姐妹）to parental disagreement about children's education，the show，despite being a comedy，deals with serious modern issues that are familiar to the audience．Despite its success，showrunners admitted that the sitcom had been running on fumes（后劲不足的）during the last few seasons．The final episode went as expected，with the growing branches of each family going their separate ways following one giant on﹣screen embrace involving every cast member．As the camera cut to each departing family member，Jay Pritchett，the patriarch（大家长）of the family，expressed an important theme of the show．"Life is full of change．I learned a long time ago you can fight it，or you can try to make the best of it．And that's a whole lot easier if you've got people helping you face whatever life throws at you，" he said emotionally．Just as the final episode concluded，fans were treated to one last heartfelt moment．As each family switched off their porch （门廊）light，Claire asks Phil （a couple in the show）what they'll do now that their kids have grown up and moved on．Phil said，"Leave the porch light on ﹣they come back，" a subtle（巧妙的）hint that the show might someday return．（1）How can we define Modern Family？A．A mockumentary series about an extended family's history．B．Sit﹣down interviews about people's emotional problems．C．A comedy encouraging people to adapt to changes．D．A sitcom about funny family stories and social issues．（2）Why has Modern Family appealed to the audience so much？A．It applies a variety of shooting formats．B．It won the most Emmy Awards．C．Its characters，plot and style are quite relatable．D．It teaches them how to deal with challenges in life．（3）What does the underlined phrase "trials and tribulations" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？A．fearsB．problemsC．changesD．boundaries（4）What does Modern Family convey to us，according to Jay Pritchett？A．Parenting and education are important．B．Fighting is the best way to handle changes．C．Life will be easier if you are able to get help．D．Changes in life shape a harmonious family．3．Loneliness hurts．It is psychologically distressing and so physically unhealthy that being lonely increases the likelihood of an earlier death by 26 percent．But psychologists think it hurts so much because，like hunger and thirst，loneliness acts as a biological alarm bell．On March 26，just as the COVID﹣19 pandemic gripped the world，researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology posted a report on bioRxiv．It is the first study in humans to show that both loneliness and hunger share signals deep in a part of the brain that governs very basic impulses for reward and motivation．So，our need to connect is apparently as fundamental as our need to eat．The researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI）to compare brain responses to loneliness and hunger．40 adult participants underwent a 10﹣hour session depriving （剥夺）them of food and another 10﹣hour session denying them social contact．Both sessions served as a control（对照）condition for each other．The social﹣isolation condition was challenging to arrange．Some people are lonely in a crowd，while others enjoy solitude To induce（引起）not just objective isolation but subjective feelings of loneliness，the researchers had the participants spend their time from 9 A．M．to7 P．M．in a room at the laboratory without phones，laptops or even novels in case fictionalcharacters provided some social support．Puzzles were allowed，as was preapproved nonfiction reading or writing．Researchers then focused on a midbrain region called "the substantia nigra"，a center of dopamine （多巴胺）release involved with motivation and desire．The dopaminergic response shows a strong wanting．In the scanner，participants saw images of their preferred forms of social interaction and of their favorite foods，as well as a control image of flowers．It was then found that the substantia nigra responded only to cues of what they hadbeen deprived of．The magnitude of the response correlated with the subjects' self﹣reports of how hungry or lonely they were，though the feelings of hunger were consistently stronger．Finally，the researchers used machine learning to confirm their findings．A software classifier trained to recognize neural patterns during fasting （斋戒）proved able to recognize similar neural patterns from the social﹣isolation condition even thoughit had never "seen" them．So there seems to be an underlying shared neural signature between the two states．Even before the COVID﹣19 pandemic，an obvious next question for the work was whether different forms of social media could satisfy the need for social connection．Those researchers were never able to get funding for such a study．But now it seems they will．（1）The report posted on March 26．A．is based on the social﹣isolation condition during the pandemicB．is the first study on the effect of loneliness on human beingsC．reflects the similarity between loneliness and hungerD．shows human need for reward and motivation（2）What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？A．Why inducing feelings of loneliness was challenging．B．How loneliness was created among participants．C．Why participants were denied access to phones．D．How researchers compared brain responses．（3）We can infer that participants' substantia nigra showed response（s）to the image of flowers．A．littleB．variousC．strongD．consistent（4）What does the underlined "it" in Paragraph 6 refer to？A．The neural signature．B．Fasting．C．Machine learning．D．The classifier．4．Dolphin （海豚）or not a dolphin？That is the question! You see，there are several types of dolphins．Some are saltwater dolphins while others are river dolphins．"What are the 32 types of dolphins？" When people are asking the question，they are actually referring to the saltwater dolphins in oceans and seas．The river dolphins living in fresh water are not included in these species （物种）．But what would be the answer in this case if we ask，"Dolphin or not a dolphin？" The answer would obviously be yes．River dolphins still belong to the dolphin family．Among the 32 types of dolphins，some do not actually wear the word "dolphin" in their names，such as the tucuxi，while others actually have the word "whale" as part of their names even if they are not whales but in fact，belong to the dolphin family，for example，the melon ﹣headed whale and the killer whale．So what would be the answer to the question "dolphin or not a dolphin？" in these cases？It would be yes．All these species do belong to the dolphin family．Another question that people ask is，"Are the sea animals that perform at aquariums （水族馆）all dolphins？" So，it always seems to come back to the question，"Dolphin or not a dolphin？" Well the answer is no in this case．The sea animals that perform there are not all dolphins．The beluga which people tend to think belong to the dolphin family because they show what seems like a smile，like most dolphins，are in fact a species of the whale family．Now that you read these facts about dolphins，you probably realize that certain sea animals may appear to be part of the dolphin species and that others seem to be part of the whale family but in either case，it is not obvious and can be surprising when you identify a sea animal as being a dolphin or not a dolphin．That is the question!（1）Which of the following actually belongs to the whale family？A．The tucuxi．B．The beluga．C．The killer whale．D．The melon﹣headed whale．（2）What do we know about the majority of the dolphins？A．They perform for audience．B．They appear friendly．C．They look like whales．D．They live in fresh water．（3）What paragraph could be added about dolphins before the last paragraph if you were the author？A．The living area．B．Dolphin training．C．The eating habits．D．Further identification．（4）This article can be classified as．A．popular scienceB．literary fictionC．a news reportD．a travel diary5．Experience all the most famous sights in Copenhagen with our Hop On﹣Hop Off and City Sightseeing tours equipped with audio guide in II languages．Choose between three different routes that will take you through different and diverse areas of the city：The Classic Copenhagen tour，the Urban Green tour or the Colorful Copenhagen tour．It is up to you if you want to stay on board for a full ride or if you want to get off and explore sights on the way．You can hop off and on as much as you like．If you prefer a non﹣stop tour，then Copenhagen Panorama is perfect for you．This tour will take you to all the main attractions．It is live guided in English and includes photo stops at The Little Mermaid，Amalienborg Palace and the Opera．Danes love being close to the water and this is no exception in Copenhagen．The water side of the city is very lively，and citizens love to spend their spare time along the canals．Explore the harbor and canals of Copenhagen with a canal tour．Choose between the classic I hour live guided Grand Tour or the Hop On﹣Hop Off boat tour with audio guide and experience Copenhagen and its beauty from the water side．If you can't decide between bus and boat﹣no worries．You can get both．A ticket thatcombines bus and boat will give you the very best opportunity to discover Copenhagen at your own pace．With our combination tickets you even save money compared to buying separate tickets．A ticket to our combination tours allows you to experience all that Copenhagen has to offer from the water as well as from the land．Of course，you can freely switch between our buses and boats at various spots across the city if you go for the hop﹣on hop﹣off option．Experience all the main attractions in the city：The Little Mermaid，the royal castle Amalienborg Palace，picturesque historical buildings like the colorful Nyhavn and feel the free spirit of Freetown Christania and the hygge at Frederiksbergs green areas．Our buses and boats take you easily to all the top attractions in Copenhagen!（1）The text is most probably taken from．A．a research paperB．a text bookC．a travel brochureD．a user guide（2）What can we learn from the first paragraph？A．You can hop on a bus or boat for limited times．B．The Colorful Copenhagen tour is a non﹣stop tour．C．Sightseeing tours are equipped with video guide in 11 languages．D．All the main scenic spots are covered in the Copenhagen Panorama tour．（3）If you want to fully explore Copenhagen at your own pace，which might be the best choice？A．Choose the classic I hour live guided Grand Tour．B．Get a combination ticket that combines bus and boat tours．C．First buy a bus ticket and then buy a boat ticket for all the attractions．D．Explore the idyllic harbor and canals of Copenhagen with a canal tour．6．Rivers are the veins of the Earth，transporting the water and nutrients （营养物）needed to support the planet's ecosystems，including human life．While many nutrients are essential to the survival of life，there is one element transported by water in rivers that holds the key to life and to the future of our planet ﹣carbon．Carbon is everywhere and understanding the way it moves and is either released or stored by the Earth system is a complex science in itself．Carbon starts its journey downstream when natural acid rain，which contains carbon dioxide from the atmosphere，melts minerals in rocks．This helps transform carbon dioxide to bicarbonate （碳酸氢盐）in the water that then flows in our rivers．This is a very long process，which is one of the main ways carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere．Carbon is transported by rivers to oceans and once that carbon reaches the ocean，it is stored naturally in deep sea sediments （沉淀物）for millions of years．As carbon travels down a river，different processes may impact whether it continues to flow downstream or whether it is released into the atmosphere．For example，human engineering，like extensive dam construction，will result in dramatic changes to how water and sediments travel down the river．Some carbon that fails to reach the sea may return to the atmosphere in some way，which causes more warming．Earth's climate is closely related to the carbon cycle．We all know about the essential role of plants in consuming carbon dioxide，but do we know enough about rivers？Changing the chemistry and the course of rivers may have significant impacts on how they transport carbon．Remember：wherever we live，we all live downstream．（1）Where is the carbon in rivers originally from？A．The atmosphere．B．The rocks．C．The acid rain．D．The upstream areas．（2）Why is human engineering mentioned in Paragraph 3？A．To show how important to life carbon is．B．To explain how necessary it is to build dams．C．To show how a natural process is interrupted．D．To explain how humans fight global warming．（3）What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph？A．We'd better move upstream to live．B．We should protect plants along rivers．C．We'd better seek more help from plants．D．We should be cautious about river management．（4）What is the best title for the text？A．What Humans Do with RiversB．How Rivers' Transporting Carbon CountsC．What the Carbon Cycle Means to UsD．How Living Downstream Affects the Earth7．The TED speaker series features "ideas worth spreading"．With over 1，400 to choose from，we've selected a few that are perfect for students．1．Larry Smith：Why you will fail to have a great careerWe humans may have an unfavorable habit of making excuses for ourselves or of being too confident about ourselves．Accordingly，Larry Smith，a professor of economics at the University of Waterloo in Canada，tells us why most of us will fail to have a great career．Luckily，as he puts it，there is a way out﹣follow your heart，as long as it is good for your career．2．Andy Puddicombe：All it takes is 10 mindful minutesBetween dance team，volunteering and oh，right﹣lectures，your life's crazy factor （因素）is about to go way up．In this entertaining and informative talk，Mindfulness，expert Andy Puddicombe teaches us how to be "more healthy，more mindful and less distracted" by taking just 10 minutes out of the day to be "more present"．3．Shane Koyczan：To this day…for the bullied（欺凌）and beautifulThis talk is sure to stay with you．Shane Koyczan's 'To This Day' is an affecting spoken ﹣word poem about bullying and being different that gained over 10 million views on YouTube．In this talk，Koyczan gives a live reading of the poem，along with some stories about his background．4．Susan Cain：The power of introverts（性格内向者）Does a cup of tea and a good book sound like a perfect Friday night？In this personal talk，Susan Cain argues that introverts have talents and abilities．Our culture may value being outgoing，but the world needs all kinds．（1）What does Larry Smith advise students to do for a good career？A．Don't be too optimistic．B．Learn from others' lessons．C．Never make excuses for yourself．D．Match your interests with your career．（2）What is Andy Puddicombe's talk mainly about？A．How to concentrate．B．The need for teamwork．C．How to be a good volunteer．D．The importance of good health．（3）Which TED speaker makes people who are not social feel confident？A．Andy PuddicombeB．Susan CainC．Shane KoyczanD．Larry Smith8．We all know what a brain is．A doctor will tell you that the brain is the organ of the body in the head．It controls our body's functions，movements，emotions and thoughts．But a brain can mean so much more．A brain can also simply be a smart person．If a person is called brainy，he is smart andintelligent．If a family has many children but one of them is super smart，you could say，"He's the brains in the family．" And if you are the brains behind something，you are responsible for developing or organizing something．For example，Bill Gates is the brains behind Microsoft．Brain trust is a group of experts who give advice．Word experts say the phrase "brain trust" became popular when Franklin D．Roosevelt first ran for president in 1932．Several professors gave him advice on social and political issues（问题）facing the U．S．These professors were called his "brain trust"．These ways we use the word "brain" all make sense．But other ways we use the word are not so easy to understand．For example，to understand the next brain expression，you firstneed to know the word "drain"．As a verb，to drain means to remove something by letting it flew away．So a brain drain may sound like a disease where the brain flows out the ears．But，brain drain is when a country's most educated people leave their countries to live in another．The brains are，sort of，draining out of the country．However，if people are responsible for a great idea，you could say they brainstormed it．Here，brainstorm is not an act of weather．It is a process of thinking creatively about a complex topic．For example，business leaders may use brainstorming to create new products，and government leaders may brainstorm to solve problems．If people are brainwashed，it does not mean their brains are nice and clean．To brainwash means to make some accept new beliefs by using repeated pressure in a forceful or tricky way．Keep in mind that brainwash is never used in a positive way．（1）According to the text，if you're the CEO of Bai Du you can be called．A．the organ of Bai DuB．the brain drain of Bai DuC．the brains behind Bai DuD．Bai Du's brain trust（2）Roosevelt successfully won the election probably because．A．he got his brain trustB．he got the help of word expertsC．he was smart at giving adviceD．he was the brains behind America（3）From the passage，we can infer that．A．to drain a lake means to fill it with a lot of waterB．brainy and brainwash are never used in a negative wayC．brainstorming is not a good choice for a political leader for lack of creativityD．a country suffers a "brain drain" when educated people move to other countries（4）The author explains the "brain" expressions by．A．making commentsB．making comparisonsC．using examplesD．analyzing origins9．While most consumers wish to reduce plastic waste，it's not an easy goal to achieve．That's because the cheap and long﹣lived material is found in almost every daily necessity．Now，an Indonesian﹣based company has come up with a delicious solution．David Christian，the co﹣founder of Evoware，says after investigating various materials，the company settled on seaweed．Unlike corn，commonly used for containers，seaweed does not require water，fertilizers，or large amounts of space．According to Evoware，as much as 40 tons of seaweed can be grown in an area the size of a baseball field．Since Indonesian farmers harvest more seaweed than they can sell，it's easy to find the material．The seaweed packaging is safe to consume and can entirely dissolve（溶解）in hot water．While the eatable wrappers（包装纸）may not have any taste，Dubbed Ello Jello，the single﹣use cups invented by Evoware，are available in four tastes﹣orange，lychee，peppermint，and green tea．The best part？You can order the powder and make them at home! Though currently（目前）they cannot stand hot liquids，Evoware is working on making heat﹣resistant（耐热的）cups as well．While the seaweed products seem like a perfect replacement，it's a hard﹣sell in Indonesia．According to Christian，"The awareness and sense of urgency to minimize the use of single﹣use plastic is still very low．This makes our bioplastic seem unnecessary．" Also a factor is the cost，which is higher than using plastic．However，Evoware believes they can reduce the price once the company moves to mass production．Hopefully，Evoware will succeed in convincing people worldwide that switching to their products will go a long way in protecting our beautiful planet．（1）How does seaweed differ from corn？A．It sells better．B．It's less expensive．C．It takes less labor to process．D．It needs less resources to grow．（2）What nature do seaweed wrappers have？A．They melt in cold water．B．They are easy to break down．C．They can only be made at home．D．They can resist heat．（3）What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 refer to？A．Evoware's current cups．B．Plastic containers．C．Heat﹣resistant cups．D．Eatable packaging．（4）What can we infer from Christian's words in the last paragraph？A．The price of plastics will go down．B．Indonesians care little about the planet．C．It takes much effort to promote the new product．D．The seaweed products need much improvement．10．By the end of the century，if not sooner，the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate，according to a new study．At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms（海洋微生物）called phytoplankton．Because of the way light reflects off the organisms，these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface．Ocean colour varies from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton．Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance．Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface，where they pull carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）into the ocean while giving off oxygen．When these organisms die，they bury carbon in the deep ocean，an important process that helps to regulate the global climate．But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend．Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow，but also nutrients．Stephanie Dutkiewicz，a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science，built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century．In a world thatwarms up by 3℃，it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur．The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer．But in some waters，such as those of the Arctic，a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton，and these areas will turn greener．"Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing．" she said，"but the type of phytoplankton is changing．"（1）What are the first two paragraphs mainly about？A．The various patterns at the ocean surface．B．The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton．C．The way light reflects off marine organisms．D．The cause of the changes in ocean colour．（2）What does the underlined word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？A．Significant．B．Beneficial．C．Sensitive．D．Unnoticeable．（3）What can we learn from the passage？A．Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem．B．Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener．C．Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate．D．Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes．（4）What is the main purpose of the passage？A．To explain the effects of climate change on oceansB．To analyse the composition of the ocean food chainC．To assess the consequences of ocean colour changesD．To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton11．Welcome to the Mercedes﹣Benz Museum!Discover at first hand what has been moving the world for over 125 years．Take a fascinating stroll （闲逛）of automotive history．Carried by lift to a height of 34 meters，you will travel back in time to the year 1886．This is when the Mercedes﹣Benz legend was born with the pioneering invention by Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz ﹣the automobile．Be fascinated by the history，present and future of mobility ﹣on 9 levels and 16，500 square meters．Experience the automotive legends in the Legend rooms on level 4 and cross ﹣epochal （划时代的）topics in the Collection rooms on level 3．Both tours will finally take you to the innovations for the future in the "Fascination of Technology"．Enjoy with all your senses：take the Mercedes﹣Benz legend home．The museum shop in the passage on Level 0 offers more than 1，000 products and gifts．Try our own home﹣made museum cake or satisfy yourself with regional dishes at the restaurant﹣before or after your tour through the museum．Opening hoursTuesday to Sunday from 9 a．m．to 6 p．m．﹣ticket desk closes at 5 p．m．Closed on Mondays．Contact and reservationsMercedes﹣Benz Classic Customer CenterPhone：+49（0）711﹣17 30 000Fax：+49（0）711﹣17 30 400E﹣mail：classic@daimler．comAddressMercedes﹣Benz Museum，Mercedesstraße 100 70372 Stuttgart，GermanyRestaurantTuesday to Sunday from 10 a．m．to 7 p．m．Closed on Mondays．CafébarTuesday to Sunday from 10 a．m．to 6 p．m．Closed on Mondays．Museum ShopTuesday to Sunday from 10 a．m．to 6 p．m．Closed on Mondays．Online shoppingYou can shop online in comfort 24 hours a day at www．mercedes﹣benz﹣。