大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 1

Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book-lover or merely there to buy a book as a present.不管你是书籍爱好者，还是只是为了给朋友买一本书作为礼物而光顾书店，在书店里度过的时光总是令人心怡的。

You may even have entered the shop just to find shelter from a sudden shower. Whatever the reason, you can soon become absorbed in some book or other,不管因为什么，你总会很快沉浸于某本书。and usually it is only much later that you realize you have spent far too much time there and must dash off to keep some forgotten appointment without buying a book, of course.

This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is, I think, the main attraction of a bookshop.我想书店的主要魅力就在于能够给我们一个逃离现实生活的机会。

There are not many places where it is possible to do this. A music shop is very much like a bookshop. You can wander round such places to your heart’s content. However, you have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of books in a bookshop.然而，你必须格外小心，不要被书店里品种繁多的书所诱惑。

It is very easy to enter the shop looking for a book on ancient coins and to come out carrying a copy of the latest best-selling novel and perhaps a book about brass rubbing (拓印) ----- something which had only vaguely interested you up until then. This volume on the subject, however, happened to be so well illustrated and the part of the text you read proved so interesting that you just had to buy it. This sort of thing can be very dangerous. Apart from running up a huge account, you can waste a great deal of time wandering from section to section.除了让你大掏腰包之外，你还可能会浪费大量的时间在书店里逛。

1．我们都想当然地以为他会来参加这个晚会，但结果直到晚会结束他都没出现。

We all took it for granted that he would take part in the party, but he didn’t turn up till the end.

2．遗憾的是班上没有一个人能够解出这道难题。

Unfortunately, no one in the class can work out the difficult problem.

3．即便是智力平庸的学生，通过努力学习也可以成为优等生。

Even a student of average intelligence can become a top student by working hard. 4．你应该放弃一些业余爱好，以便能花更多的时间在学习上。

You are supposed to give up some of your hobbies so that you can spend more time on your study.

5．你是感冒了还是怎么了？你应该早点去看医生。

have you caught a cold or something? You should have gone to the doctor earlier.

Model Test 2

About 10 men in every hundred suffer from color blindness in some way; women are luckier as only about one in 200 is affected in this manner. There are different forms of color blindness. A man may not be able to see deep red.

He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades of green. Sometimes a person cannot tell the difference between blue and green. In rare cases an unlucky man may see everything in shades of green ----- a strange world indeed.

In certain occupations color blindness can be dangerous and candidates are tested most carefully.For example, when fighting at night, soldiers use lights of flares to signal to each other. A green light may mean “Advance” and a red light many mean “Danger! Keep back!”You can see what will happen if somebody thinks that red is green! Color blindness in human beings is a strange thing to explain. In a single eye there are millions of very small things called “cones” (视锥细胞). These help to see in a bright light and to tell the difference between colors. There are also millions of “rods” (杆状细胞) but these are used for seeing when it is nearly dark. They show us shape but not color. Wait until it is dark tonight, then go outside. Look round you and try to see what colors you can recognize.

Birds and animals which hunt at night have eyes which contain few or no cones at all, so they cannot see colors. As far as we know, bats and adult owls (猫头鹰) cannot see colors at all but only light and dark shapes. Similarly cats and dogs cannot see

colors as well as we can.

Insects can se ultra violet rays which are invisible to us, and some of them can even see X-rays. The wings of a moth may seem gray and dull to us, but to insects they may appear beautiful, showing colors which we cannot see. Scientists know that there are other colors around us which insects can see but which we cannot see. Some insects have favorite colors. Mosquitoes like blue, but do not like yellow. A red light will not attract insects but a blue lamp will.

1．他25岁时从父亲手里接管了公司，结果证明他比他父亲更成功。

2．众所周知，我们的问题至少部分地是由于没能相互交流而引起的。

3．约翰宣称他在找到一份满意的工作之前绝不结婚。

4．警察开始调查这起交通事故，并试图查明谁应该对此负责。

5．有人提议将这个会议推迟到下个星期。

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 3

Women in Britain are without doubt better off today than they used to be. At the beginning of the 19th century women seemed to have had almost no rights at all. They could not vote, or even sign contracts. Their marriages were arranged by their parents, and once they were married they could not own property. Most of the time they were kept at home, and even when they were allowed to work, they were never given responsible jobs.It is strange to think that, as far as we know, most women were happy with this situation.

Today the position is quite different. Women can now vote, and choose their own husbands. In 1970 a law was passé to give them an equal share of property in the case of divorce, and in the same year the Equal Pay Act gave them the right to equal pay with men for work of equal value.

Yet despite these changes, there is no doubt that there are still great differences in status between men and women. Many employers seem to ignore the Equal Pay Act, and the average working woman is likely to earn only about half what a man earns for the same job. Most women who do work still do unskilled jobs while only a small proportion of the country’s workers are in fact women.There is also great inequality in education. Only a quarter of all university students are women. And at present boys’ schools are undoubtedly much better than girl s’ schools.

1．一旦你许下承诺，你就应该坚持到底，不管这会有多么困难。

2．尽管困难重重，我们仍决定按计划实施这个项目。

3．科学家们必须想出新的方法来增加粮食供应，以满足日益增长的人口需求。4．由于左腿受伤，在没有人帮助的情况下约翰几乎不能行走。

5．西方某些国家禁止18岁以下年轻人喝酒。

Model Test 4

Obviously there are good historical reasons why cities on the coast developed into major business centers. In the days before flying, ships were often the only transport option for doing trade with other countries and everything went by ship, thus giving

rise to commercial ports. Even now, shipping costs are usually far cheaper than air cost. Capital cities are basically concerned with government and if they should be not on the coast, they would be easier to defend in times of invasion and war. Capital cities do have industries, of course, but they tend to financial concerns like banking. Any other industries are usually “light”(e.g. electronics, food and drink) rather than “heavy”industry (e.g. cars, steel). Capital cities also tend to be the most expensive cities to live and work in. Both private and business accommodation costs are usually much higher than elsewhere because of capital city price hikes (提价、升价). One reason for this may gain the business of the government because, not only do governments look after the affairs of their countries, but they also work with foreign governments through embassies in capital cities.

China has thousands of kilometers of seacoast and it is not surprising that other major ports have grown up in the north and the south. Qingdao and Dalian are both developing commercial seacoast cities towards the north while Xiamen, Guangzhou and, in particular, Shenzhen (the first special economic zone (SEZ) with a seaport nearby at Shekou), in the south, are now major commercial centers. Setting up a new business should certainly take into account the position of a city in relation to the rest of the country. Nowadays, the nearness to international airports with direct flights to and from other major cities abroad is also an important consideration.

1．一个科学家要跟上本领域的新发展，你认为必须做什么？

2．比赛的下半场要比上半场精彩得多。

3．从观众的反应来看，他的演讲十分成功。

4．这家公司生产的电脑比其它厂家生产的电脑在质量上要好。

5．如果不是他们的大力支持，我不可能在这么短的时间里完成这项任务。

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 5

Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die, but people now live longer than they used to. Yet, all living things still show the effect of aging, which will eventually result in death.

Aging is not a disease, but as a person passes maturity (壮年期), the cells of the body and the organs they form do not function as well as they did in childhood and adolescence (青春期). The body provides less protection against disease and is more inclined to accident.

A number of related causes may contribute to aging. Some cells of the body have a fairly long life, but they are not replaced when they die. As a person ages, the number of the brain cells and muscle cells decreases. Other body cells die and are replaced by new cells. In an aging person the new cells may not be as viable (能生存的) or as capable of growth as those of a young person.

Another factor in aging may be changes within the cells themselves. Some of the protein chemicals in cells are known to change with age and become less elastic. This is thus the reason old people shrink in height. There may be other more important chemical changes in the cells. Some complex cell chemicals, such as DNA and RNA, store and pass on information that cells need. Aging may affect this process and change the information-carrying molecules (分子) so that they do not transmit the information as well.

1．面对这样一个对手，他成功的可能性很小。

2．大部分老师都反对网上选课这一提议。

3．只要你能够全心全意地投入到你的工作中去，你肯定会成功的。

4．他对调整自己适应这个新环境感到有些困难。

5．这个小孩是这场空难中惟一幸免于难的人。

Model Test 6

In no country other than England, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day! Day may break as a balmy spring morning; but

at mid-day conditions may be really wintry with the temperature down by about 8 degrees or more centigrade. And then, in the late afternoon the sky will be clear, the sun will begin to shine, and for an hour or two before darkness falls, it will be summer. In England one can experience almost every kind of weather except the most extreme. Not only do we get several different sorts of weather in one day, but we may very well get a spell of winter in summer and vice-versa (反之亦然).

This uncertainty about the weather has had a definite effect upon the Englishmen’s character, it tends to make him cautious, for example. The foreigner may laugh when he sees he Englishman setting forth on a brilliantly sunny morning wearing a raincoat and carrying an umbrella, but he may well regret his laughter later in the day! The English weather has also helped to make the Englishmen adaptable. It has been said that one of the reasons why the English colonized so much of the world was that, whatever the weather conditions they met abroad, they had already experienced something like them at home!

And, of course, the weather’s variety provides a constant topic of conversation. Even the most taciturn (沉默寡言的) of Englishmen is always prepared to discuss the weather. And though he sometimes complains bitterly of it, he would not, even if he could, exchange it for the more predictable climate of other lands.

1．和我们所期待的相反，他没有申请那所著名的大学，而是选择了就业。2．我叔叔很喜欢音乐，尤其是古典音乐。

3．他们建立了一所学校来纪念在战争中牺牲的人们。

4．这个小镇看起来和它十年前的样子完全不同。

5．当听到自己被解雇的消息，她嚎啕大哭起来。

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 7

In some way the employment is like a persuasive speech because the applicant seeks to persuade the employer to employ him or her.Several suggestions might prove helpful to the applicant as preparation is made for the actual interview.

A job applicant has the responsibility for finding out certain types of information prior to the interview. First, the applicant should know what kind of job he wants and how that job relates to his career objective. It is important that the applicant be able to state his reasons for wishing to work for a particular company. Second, the applicant should seek as much information as possible concerning the company.Relevant information for the applicant to locate includes such items as the location of the home and regional offices, the financial status of the company, plans for expansion, and company philosophy. Information about major corporations is available in reference books and periodicals.

After gathering information concerning the companying, the applicant is ready for the interview. The interviewer’s first impression comes from the interviewee’s appearance. For most interviews, appropriate dress for men is a conservative dark colored suit with a long-sleeve white or light blue shirt and a conservative tie.For women a conservative, tailored suit or dress is appropriate. Both men and women should have neat, conservative length hair.

Although hairstyle and dress are matters of personal taste, many personnel directors form initial impressions from these characteristics.For example, one recent college graduate, who felt himself qualified, interviewed for a public relations job. However, the personnel considered this young man’s long hair, sloppy dress, and overly casual manner unsuited for this particular position.

1．发生了这样的事情，我承认我应该感到羞愧。

2．他日夜兼程以便能尽快回家。

3．他宁愿被惩罚也不愿意对老师说谎。

4．他假装自己是个百万富翁的儿子骗那个女孩和自己结了婚。

5．由于经济和精神压力，彼得的身体最后终于垮掉了。

Model Test 8

The old-fashioned general store is fast disappearing. This in, perhaps, a pity, because shopping today seems to lace that personal element which existed when the shopkeeper knew all his regular customers personally. He could, for instance, remember which brand of tea Mrs. Smith usually bought or what sort of washing-powder Mrs. Jones preferred. Not only was the shop a center of buying and selling, but also a social meeting place.

A prosperous general store might have employed 4 or 5 assistants, and so there were very few problems in management as far as the staff were concerned.But now that the supermarket has replaced the general store, the job of the manager has changed completely. The modern supermarket manager has to cope with a staff of as many as a hundred, apart from all the other everyday problems of running a large business.

Every morning the manager must carry out an inspection of his store to make sure that everything is ready for the business of the day.He must see that everything is running smoothly. He will have to give advice and make decisions as problems arise, and he must know how to get his huge staff to work efficiently with their respective responsibilities.

No matter what he has to do throughout the day, however, the supermarket manager must be ready for any emergency that may arise. They say in the trade that you are not really an experienced supermarket manager until you have dealt with a flood, a fire, a birth and a death in your store.

1．一场大雪使那个小村庄与外界隔离了。

2．就颜色而言，我倾向于买那件蓝色的外套。

3．在一定程度上我同意你对形势的估计。

4．这种尖屋顶是中国南部房子的典型特征。

5．从家务劳动中解脱出来以后，许多家庭妇女都在外面找到了满意的工作。

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 9

Brazil has become one of the developing world’s great successes at reducing population growth ----- but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.

Brazil’s population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.

Martine attributes it to, among other things, soap operas (通俗电视连续剧) and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil’s most popular television network, shows 3 hours of soaps 6 nights a week, while 3 others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.

“Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values ----- not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working,” says Martine. “They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package.”

Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. “This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction,” says Martine.

1．我不明白你这样做有什么意义。

2．这两篇文章在内容和风格上都十分相似。

3．政府决定采取有效措施美化这个城市。

4．要是你早点通知我他要来就好了！

5．既然你选择了生活在这个城市，你就得忍受这里炎热的天气。

Model Test 10

Some people believe that computers will someday play an important part in educating children. computer-assisted instruction (CAI) has already been used in industry. The student sits at a typewriter terminal. He answers questions or requests information from a computer connected to the terminal. The computer has been programmed to ask questions and present information in a carefully organized way. When the student gives a wrong answer he can get a hint from the computer, or a slightly different question that will help him along.

The fantastic speed of modern computers opens up many new uses for them. Forecasting the weather for only a single day requires collecting and analyzing a great number of facts.The high-speed computer may make possible long-range weather forecasts.

Another important use of computers may come in medicine. Doctors can easily recognize the signs, or symptoms, of common diseases. But there are unusual diseases that most doctors rarely see. The symptoms of these diseases can be recorded in a computer memory. Then the doctor can call on the computer for help with the unusual cases. Another use of computers is to store the medical histories of patients. Then, in an emergency, the doctor can get the patient’s history from the computer and be ready to treat him at once.

There seems to be almost no limit to the work that computers can do. And that work is transforming the lives of all of us.

1．我和我丈夫都不知道应该如何处理这么复杂的问题。

2．他为自己的儿子为祖国所作出的贡献感到骄傲。

3．他将我们的反对意见置之一旁，坚持要将这一政策付诸实践。

4．无论那个罪犯藏在哪儿，警察都决心将他逮捕。

5．因为没有经验，开始他总是落在别人的后面。

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 11

The “generation gap” exists as a wall, only because the children of today will not listen. They will not attempt to communicate with their parents; and, therefore, they have built this “wall” separating themselves from their parents.

To the children of today, their parents take too long to get used to the new ideas and philosophies of the world. It seems that children don’t understand that, to their parents, all the ideas and philosophies of today are changes, whereas, to the children, they are their ways of life, not changes; and changes take time to get accustomed to. Children often forget that their parents were once children, also. This can be easily imagined since children only see their parents as adults.Children often feel their parents never experienced a child’s world. So, as a result, they feel that their “growing-up” is a totally strange experience to their parents.

The whole trick to parent-child communication is to listen and learn. No harm has ever been done by this. Children still have the freedom to either chew up what they hear, and spit it out, or chew it up and store it. The children will be surprised to find that what their parents have been through and what they’ve learned are common to what the children are experiencing now. Parents, they’ll find, are not “another kind of animals”, but the same kind as themselves, only a little older and a lot cleverer. 1．我们能否举行这次野炊活动主要取决于天气情况。

2．你最好是提前预定房间以免你到达时没有空房。

3．今年我厂的产量要比去年的多出五倍。

4．他刚一到火车站，火车就开始启动了。

5．他肯定没打算出国，因为他立志献身于祖国的教育事业。

Model Test 12

Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, belief and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this sense, every group has a culture, however savage (野蛮), undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.

To the professional anthropologist (人类学家), there is no intrinsic superiority of one

culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages.

People once thought of the languages of backward groups as savage, undeveloped form of speech, consisting largely of grunts and groans.While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of “backward” languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the transfer of ideas. They fall behind the Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, but only in their vocabularies,which reflect the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however, two things are to be noted: 1. All languages seem to possess the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in “backward”languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly numerous and complicated.

This study of language, in turn, further explain the claim that all cultures are to be viewed independently, and without ideas of rank.

1．假如有足够的财力和人力支持，我们也能出色完成任务。

2．有人认为越有钱就越幸福，但事实并非总是如此。

3．他对胜利的坚定信念使他安然度过了这场灾难。

4．开始他企图抵赖自己与这起抢劫案有关，但最后他还是向警察招供了。5．他听从了医生的建议戒掉了香烟。

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 13

The eye is very similar to a camera: to take a picture there must be enough light, but not too much. On a camera, the opening of the lens can usually be adjusted. If there is not much light outside, you open the lens diaphragm (光圈) wide. If the sun is shining brightly, you close the lens diaphragm. This is what your eye pupil does automatically. When the light is bright, your pupil grows small; when there is not much light, the pupil grows larger.

In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed. This is done by changing the distance between the lens and the film inside the camera. Your eye has muscles which make such changes automatically (自动地). If you are looking at something far away, things which are close by will not appear very clear. However, if you are looking at some object close to you, distant objects will appear indistinct.

What you see depends, to a great extent, on what you are in the habit of looking for. You might see many things in front of your eyes, but they will not mean anything to you if you cannot recognize them. A paper covered with complicated mathematical problems, for example, will not mean much to someone unfamiliar with higher mathematics.

1．消费者常常被广告误导，结果买的东西往往超过所需。

2．阿伦是个沉默的小伙子，但一谈到体育他就变得十分健谈。

3．大气层是由一些气体按照一定的比例混合而成的。

4．店主错把一张50元钞票当成10元钞票给了我。

5．爱因斯坦(Einstein)是我惟一知道的能和周围世界达成妥协的人。

Model Test 14

The question of whether war is unavoidable is one which has concerned many of the world’s great writers.Before considering this question, it will be useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition

among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition, which has been defined as a process by which social entities function is the disservice of one another.

Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. Theses definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups in inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies. Many authors have argues for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for occupancy of areas free from meat-eating animals. Those who fail in this competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials.The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all.

1．他发誓绝不辜负父母对他的期望。

2．一位忠于职守的教师应该献身于自己的工作。

3．他很自私，他不肯帮助朋友就是一个很好的例子。

4．在这样一个快乐的聚会上，他的沉默使他显得有点格格不入。

5．在很多大城市，汽车已经取代自行车成为了人们的主要交通工具。

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 15

Why, do you suppose, was there always more of anything? I can think of some reasons. First, the hunters and collectors had the place to themselves. In the Old Stone Age, there were no farmers or ranchers (牧场主), let alone lumber (木材) companies or miners to turn envious eyes on their lands.Nor were there any empire builders interested in adding to their territory. There weren’t even any nations looking around for open spaces for their surplus populations.

Second, there was no surplus population. There were never too many people to live off the lands as hunters and collectors. Whenever a group grew too big for its hunting territory, all it had to do was to look around for another one. Usually this didn’t take too long. Archaeologists (考古学家) tell us that there were probably only about 5 million people in the whole world until just before the end of the Old Stone Age. Africa alone could probably have supported 3 million hunters and collectors very comfortably. Chances are that even by the end of the New Stone Age Africa’s population was only about 1 million.

The third reason why there was always plenty of everything was that nobody took more of anything than was absolutely necessary. Of course, you could always argue that anybody who killed more game than was needed would have been a fool. For one thing, it would have spoiled before it could be eaten. For another, it would have been an open invitation to jackals, vultures, and other scavengers to hang about the camp. These are poor companions at the best of times.

1．父亲差不多用了一年时间才习惯了大城市的生活。

2．让我们吃惊的是，他居然被警察起诉谋杀。

3．他说话的方式经常使我想起他的祖父。

4．同学们认为她不仅是个好老师，而且是个好朋友。

5．联合国敦促各国政府通过和平手段来解决问题。

Model Test 16

Apart from choosing a partner for life, perhaps the most important decision that

one takes in life concerns the choice of a career. It is a good idea if young people realize that there is a big difference between a career and a job. A job can mean anything from doing the washing up in a restaurant during the university vacation to working in a corner shop. It may be that a particular job lasts for years, but unless it involves some aspect of special training leading to qualifications, it remains a job and not a career.There are of course exceptions to this generalization. For example, many pop singers are self-trained, but the successful ones think of their development as their career.

Of course, it has to be said that certain careers require fairly low level qualifications before a person can enter a training program or gain experience on the job. In Britain, being a policeman or a nurse only requires a person to have the basic school leaving certificate of 4 or 5 GCSEs. Unfortunately, with the same kind of qualifications, a policeman can earn a quite reasonable salary, while ordinary nurses are among the worst paid professionals of that society. Of course, certain careers take years of training, for example, if one wants to become an accountant, a doctor or a lawyer. Even senior teachers, particularly those working in universities, may be in full-time educational training for 8 years.

It is essential that young people choose their career carefully. It is no good wanting to be a doctor if one cannot stand the sight of blood! It is pointless considering the teaching profession if one does not like young people. Some people even have the most peculiar and unrealistic ideas of what they want to do. Take for example the case of a young man who rang up a radio program about careers recently and said he wanted advice on how to become a lion tamer!

1．约翰先生说，在给我答复前要和他的妻子商量一下这件事。

2．这所学校十分重视课外活动在儿童教育中的作用。

3．在离开教室之前你要确保教室里所有的灯都已经关了。

4．我们看到他那张滑稽的脸都禁不住笑了起来。

5．十分明显，我和他之间在这个话题上没有什么共同语言。

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 17

“Culture consists of all shared products of human society.”(Robertson, 1981) This means not only such material things as cities, organizations and schools, bus also non-material things such as ideas, customs, family patterns, languages. Putting it simply, culture refers to the entire way of life of a society, “the ways of a people.”Language is a part of culture and plays a very important role in it. Some social scientists consider it the keystone of culture. Without language, the maintaining of culture would not be possible. On the other hand, language is influenced and shaped by culture, it reflects culture. In the broadest sense, language is the symbolic representation of a people, and it comprises their historical and cultural backgrounds, as well as their approach to life and their ways of living and thinking.

We should not go further into the relationship between language and culture. What needs to be stressed here is that the two interact, and that understanding of one requires understanding of the other.

Social scientists tell us that cultures differ from one another, that each culture is unique. As cultures are diverse, so languages are diverse. It is only natural then that with difference in cultures and differences in languages, difficulties often arise in communicating between cultures and across cultures. Understanding is not always easy.

Learning a foreign language well means more than merely mastering the pronunciation, grammar, words and idioms. It means learning also to see the world as native speakers of that language see it, learning the ways in which their language reflects the ideas, customs, and behaviors of their society, learning to understand their “language of the mind”. Learning a language, in fact, is inseparable from learning its culture.

1．这两家公司在经过长时间的谈判后达成了协议。

2．妈妈利用这个好天气给房子做了一次彻底的打扫。

3．无论做什么，都要牢记国家的利益。

4．真正重要的并不是你读了多少书，而是你读了些什么书。

5．许多山区的孩子因为贫穷被剥夺了受教育的权利。

Model Test 18

A new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already we’re partly there. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise.More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation cant be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long held notions about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between individuals and employers ----- all these are being challenged.

We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrow’s achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes.But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else.If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. It will be the way you do your job.

1．他花了几个小时才让法官相信他是无罪的。

2．一家人就靠他微薄的薪水维持生计，所以他没有足够的钱送自己的女儿上大学。

3．莎丽(Sally)迫不及待地要告诉她的父母她被北京大学录取的消息。

4．他很小的时候就对科学表现出了浓厚的兴趣，并渴望将来成为科学家。5．我认为一个幸福的婚姻主要是在于夫妻间的相互尊重和忠诚。

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 19

Some people seem to have a knack (诀窍) for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others. So what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.

First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves.They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes.

Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance t use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask them to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.

Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them.

1．昨天我在书店碰到了一个多年失去联系的老朋友。

2．考虑到他只学了一年英语，他说得的确不错。

3．这个教授在做讲座时从来都不看任何资料。

4．他将自己的成功归因于父母的支持和自己的努力。

5．不要对他要求太高了，毕竟他还是个孩子。