汉译英中常见四字结构的翻译
汉译英常见“四字格”
汉译英常见“四字格”繁衍生息live and multiply/reproduce改朝换代changes of dynasties穷兵黩武wantonly engage in military aggression; use all one’s armed might to indulge in wars of aggression雅俗共赏appeal to both refined and popular tastes与日俱增increase with each passing day, be steadily on the increase极目远眺look as far as the eye can see按资排辈to assign priority according to seniority求同存异seeking common ground while putting aside differences流连忘返linger on; be too delighted to leave乐不思蜀too delighted to be homesick不屈节操unyielding moral principle赴汤蹈火go through fire and water殊死奋战fight desperately; fight to death可歌可泣moved one to songs and tears英勇卓绝heroic and splendid插科打诨comic parts精微深奥profound and abstruse博大精深extensive and profound源远流长run a long history天下为公The world belongs to all the people.天下兴亡匹夫有责Every man has a duty to his country.预防为主prevention first综合治理comprehensive control/management全面推进entire/all-round push-on重点突破breakthrough at key points亲仁善邻cordiality, benevolence and good neighborliness和睦相处living in harmony with others强不凌弱The strong should not oppress the weak and the rich should not bully the poor.协和万邦All nations live side by side in perfect harmony.海纳百川有容乃大One should be as inclusive as the ocean, which is vast because it admits hundreds of rivers.兼收并蓄embrace everything that is useful光阴似箭Time flies like an arrow. /How time files!吃苦耐劳hard work and enduring hardship勤俭持家run the household industriously and frugally尊师重教respect teachers and attach importance to education当务之急urgent; imminent不谋而合coincide with莘莘学子students青春洋溢young书香浓郁academic/cultural atmosphere充满活力dynamic; vigorous多姿多彩colorful日新月异change with each passing day光芒四射shining; brilliant安居乐业live and work happily and peacefully相知无远近万里尚为邻Distance can never separate real friends. 携手前进join hands名列前茅rank top形容词性四字格举足轻重decisive, vital, significant光辉灿烂glorious and magnificent不可磨灭indelible无边无际boundless广袤富饶vast and fertile宏伟挺拔towering magnificence金壁辉煌splendid and magnificent玲珑剔透exquisitely carved/made/wrought蔚为壮观splendid; spectacular庄严肃穆solemn不屈不挠unyielding, unrelenting, dauntless动词性四字格此起彼伏rise one after another, keep cropping up不宣而战start an undeclared war尽收眼底hold a panoramic view互利互补mutually complementary and beneficial集资办学raise money to set up new schools寓教于乐teach through lively activities因材施教teach students according to their aptitude 按劳分配distribution according to performance廉洁奉公honestly perform one’s official duties呕心沥血spare no efforts画龙点睛bring out the crucial point名词性四字格绿水青山green hills and clear waters墨客骚人men of letters奇花异草exotic flowers and herbs鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey奇峰异石picturesque peaks and rocks浓妆淡抹heavy or light makeup轩然大波a great disturbance, a mighty uproar凤毛麟角rarity of rarities层峦叠嶂range upon range of mountains; the hills rise around…崇山峻岭steep mountains雕梁画栋carved beams and painted pillars名山大川famous mountains and great rivers湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水green hills and clear waters名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites平等互利equality and mutual benefit国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood灵丹妙药panacea/miraculous cure中流砥柱mainstay, chief cornerstone世外桃源a haven of peace长治久安a long period of stability按劳分配distribution according to one’s performa nce一诺千金有诺必践Commitment should always be kept.一如既往unswervingly和衷共济solidarity; fighting together with one accord亡国灭种extinction; being conquered and destroyed万众一心pull together; join hands; make joint efforts; be united as one 浩然气概noble spirit扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government集思广益draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences延年益寿prolong one’s life审时度势size up the trend of events招商引资attract investment急功近利eager for instant success and quick profits扫黑扫黄crack down on gangland and pornography减员增效downsize(and cut payroll) to improve efficiency退耕还林return cultivated land to forest or pasture。
汉语四字格的英文翻译方法
闻名遐迩 famous 独具匠心 original 中流砥柱 mainstay, chief cornerstone 鱼米之乡 a land of milk and honey 世外桃源 a haven of peace
叠词的翻译
叠词的形态格式
叠词是汉语的一种特殊词汇现象，使用非 常普遍。汉语的名词、数词、量词、形容 词、副词、动词以及象声词都有重叠变化， 其主要形态格式有一下十类： 1.AA：天天、看看、洋洋、哄哄 2.AAB：毛毛雨、洗洗手、刷刷牙、写写字 3.ABB：眼巴巴、水汪汪、凉丝丝、亮堂堂 4.AABB:高高兴兴、认认真真、三三两两、 滴滴答答
汉语词汇重叠后，一般无词性变化。但是 词义大都会发生变化。叠词词义变化可归 纳为三种情况。 1.增义：增加语义 2.强义：加强语意 3.弱义：减缓语意
叠词的翻译
虽然英语有重叠元音或辅音而形成的词汇， 有类似于重叠的单词连续反复，以及象声 词重叠的现象。但是，与汉语的重叠变化 来说相去甚远，它们远不足以翻译汉语的 叠词。因此，大多数情况下，只能舍弃其 形式而译其意义，用比较切近、自然的译 文表达出原文的语意和体现重叠后词的词 义变化。尽管如此，我们还是可以从中找 出一基本的翻译方法。
（一）并列关系
方法：将前后两个词语分别译成相应的英 语译文，然后中间用并列连词”and”连接即 可。
名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers 名胜古迹 scenic spots and historical sites 青山绿水 green hills and clear waters 平等互利 equality and mutual benefit 扬长避短 play up strengths and avoid weaknesses 反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government 集思广益 draw on collective wisom and absorb all useful ideas
英汉互译中的四字结构
英汉互译中的四字结构
英文中的四字结构是指由四个字组成的短语或句子结构。
这种结构在英语中用于表达各种含义和用途。
以下是一些常见的英文四字结构及其对应的中文翻译：
1. A piece of cake - 小菜一碟，易如反掌
2. Time flies by - 光阴似箭，光阴荏苒
3. Catch someone's eye - 引起人的注意
4. Keep your chin up - 振作起来，保持乐观
5. Bite the bullet - 迈出第一步，忍受痛苦
6. Break the ice - 打破僵局，破冰
7. Make ends meet - 收支相抵，维持生计
8. A drop in the bucket - 沧海一粟，杯水车薪
9. A penny for your thoughts - 诉诸心声，心里话
10. Actions speak louder than words - 比言语更具说服力
这只是一小部分常见的英文四字结构和中文翻译。
实际上，英文中有很多四字结构，尤其是习语和俚语，它们通常有一定的隐喻和象征意义。
翻译时需要根据语境和意义进行恰当的表达。
高中英语高频四字格词组翻译汇总！翻译、写作都能用到！
【导语】汉语博⼤精深，往往⼏个字，⼀个词就能表达⽆穷的意境，但如果在翻译题中遇到了这些词汇，我们该如何翻译呢？为⼤家总结了⾼中英语翻译题中经常出现的四字格汉语词汇的翻译，这些词如果⽤在作⽂中也会让阅卷⽼师眼前⼀亮，⼤家⼀定要好好学习哦~1. 挨家挨户from door to door例题：医⽣挨家挨户上门巡访，省去了许多⽼年⼈去医院的⿇烦.(save)Doctors’ door-to-door visits save many old people’s trouble of going to hospital.2. 爱不释⼿can’t bear standing part with/putting it down /leaving it aside例题：这部有关第⼀次世界⼤战的历史⼩说引⼈⼊胜，我简直爱不释⼿。
（so…that）The historical novel about/describing World War I / the First World War is so attractive that I can’t bear (to do …)/stand parting with it / putting it down (back ,aside )/ leaving it aside .3. 安于现状be satisfied with reality/ present situation例题：我们⾼中⽣应该有远⼤的志向，不应该只满⾜于现状。
（satisfy）We senior high students should have great ambition and (should) not be satisfied with reality/present situation.4. 摆脱烦恼get rid of/ to be free from worries例题：得知他⼼情不好，我建议他与朋友聊聊天，以去除烦恼。
汉译英_成语的翻译 2
二、 将四字词组译成短语，如介词短语、
副词短语、不定式短语
这种方法往往是套用英语中最简单的词
组或句型。
某位领导的讲话要求外交人员“立场坚
定、目光远大、头脑敏捷、业务熟练、 才华出众、风格高尚”， “A Chinese diplomat should be firm in stand, broad in vision, swift in wit, qualified in profession, outstanding in talent, noble in character.”
三、套用英语中意思相同及功能对等 的习语
四字词组中有很大一部分是固定词组，即成语。成语
往往带有浓厚的民族色彩和地方色彩。翻译时除了要 忠实地表达原文意义之外，还要尽可能保持原文成语 的形象比喻，丰富联想，修辞效果以及其民族、地方 特点等。有的成语和英语中的习语在内容和形式上都 相符合，双方不但有相同的意义和修辞色彩，并且有 相同或大体相同的形象比喻。汉译英时，如果遇到这 种情况，不妨直截了当地套用英语同义习语。这样的 译文可能会增色不少，基本能实现四字词组的美学价 值转移。
谚语俗语
亡羊补牢
Mend the fold after the sheep is stolen. 外来语 一尘不染 Free of dust 心花怒放
Be wild with joy\be elated
新生成语
分秒必争
Seize every minute and second Race against time 百花齐放
香港人、爱护香港人的旭日辉映下，满怀信心，升锚 启航，向着振兴中华，祖国统一的宏伟目标乘风奋进。 We are embarking on a new era. With the respect and trust from the entire nation, we will be much more equipped to sail forward with confidence and with conviction.We will play a part in facilitating the reunification of the entire nation, and bringing a better life to all in the nation.
汉翻英：四字结构
（一）并列关系，这一类四字结构的特点是前后两个词组是并列关系，且词类相同，只须用语义合词类对应的英语表达即可。
名山大川famous mountains and great rivers名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水green hills and clear waters奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations平等互利equality and mutual benefit扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralization集思广益draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace andharmony政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud流连忘返linger on with no thought of leaving for home国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation 开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences（二）语意重叠，对于此类结构，只需翻译其中一项语义就行。
汉语四字成语的英译
浅析汉语四字成语的英译[摘要]：在进行新希望大学英语综合教程阅读部分的教学过程中，发现许多句子如果用直译的方法翻译过来，有些生硬，别扭，相反如果翻译成汉语的四字成语，会感觉到恰如其分，想到这样的对应关系，会让人有心头一喜的感觉。
下面就将所有总结与大家分享，不足之处，敬请各位同仁批评指正。
[关键词]：四字成语汉译英英译汉一、概要汉语中的许多成语，习语，读起来朗朗上口，听起来通俗易懂，用起来随心应手，尤其是四字成语，最为多见，数量也最多，约占汉语的90%以上。
而英语是一种非常理性的语言，最看重清晰明确，最忌逻辑混乱与文字堆砌，不像汉语那样过分借重辞藻来加强文义，烘托氛围，所以将汉语中的四字成语翻译成英文会是一个很繁杂的工程。
许多学者都是从汉语的构成结构为出发点，来研究其翻译的。
但是这会出现许多的问题，这也是傅一勤在从《林语堂当代汉英词典》到《新时代汉英大词典》——以中文四字成语的英译为例这篇文章中提到的问题，因中文的四字成语常具有句子的形态，很容易让人把它当作一个独立的短句或谓语（即无主语的句子）来翻译，因此常造成在表面上看起来似乎没有问题、而在实际应用上却格格不入的翻译，完全不能适用，必须另起炉灶，重新翻译。
比如明哲保身 use ones wits to ensure one’s own survival（and shirk moral responsibility）；be worldly wise and play safe：他一向信奉明哲保身的处世哲学。
he has always believed in the philosophy of self-preservation.所以笔者认为从英译汉的角度来研究汉语四字成语的翻译会更恰当，更实用。
二、英汉四字成语对照喉头哽咽：get a huge lump in one’s throat迫不及待：could not wait for someone to do something出乎意料：against all expectation， mike finished high school with top grades.不出所料：the show lived up to all our expectations--- it was so wonderful.梦中情人：mrs. green fields had hoped for a similar romance when she met her love on the internet.衣着得体仪表堂堂：the man was well-dressed， and she was not disappointed in his physical appearance.和谐相处共度一生：the lonely young woman felt she’d finally found the man with whom she can live with in harmony. 如意郎君：mr. right失声痛哭：looking at my mom， i almost burst out crying. 经济拮据：i knew money was tight.钻石戒指：there was a tiny ring with a diamond chip in the center.言归正传： let’s get down to business.点头同意：i could only nod my head in agreement.百分之百同意：i’m 100% in agreement with you.温柔和睿智：gentle wise spirit毫无音信：a few weeks went by with no response.收支平衡：make both ends meet毫不例外：i was no different.反过来讲：in return， tugs brought new meaning to the term adoration.形影不离：wherever i went， he wanted to be there too，. 病入膏肓：two men ，both seriously ill， occupied the same hospital room..时机成熟：as soon as it seemed appropriate ，the other man asked if he could be moved next to the window.美丽如画：the novelist’s vivid description made us imagine the picturesque and beautiful scenery at the shores.生机勃勃：i like spring very much because it enlivens all nature.轻而易举：michael was broke when he started his business，but now he can buy 10 houses for his mother with ease.又惊又喜：at this news， the look on his face was a mixture of surprise and happiness.束手无策：as he was digging， other helpless parentsarrived， clutching their hearts， saying：“my son， my daughter！”三、结语从上面可以看出，汉语的四字成语有时候相当于英语的一个名词，形容词，动词，或者相当于汉语的形容词短语，介宾短语，或者无主句等等。
四字词语的翻译
四字词语的翻译
例2：花园里面是人间的乐园，有的是吃不 完的大米白面，穿不完的绫罗绸缎，花不 完的金银财宝。
The garden was a paradise on earth, with more food and clothes than one can consume and more money than one can spend.
hearts. 知人知面不知心 The golden rule 金科玉律 To go through fire and water. 赴汤蹈火
To have one foot in the grave. 风烛残年 To apprehend danger in every sound. 风声鹤泪草木皆兵 Remember the past and it will guide your
exhausted 随波逐流 to swim with the stream
层峦叠嶂 peaks rising one after another 优胜劣汰 survival of the fittest 延年益寿 prolong one’s life 灵丹妙药 panacea / miraculous cure 长治久安 a long period of stability
the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory
高瞻远瞩的决策
a visionary/far-sighted decision
招商引资
attract investment
誉满全球，举世闻名
world-renowned
天长地久 eternal like skies 自给自足 self-sufficient 根深蒂固 deep-rooted 筋疲力尽
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汉译英中常见四字结构的翻译
在汉语中有很多类似成语的四字结构，它们没有成语那么深的寓意，但表达形式很像成语，令很多翻译初学者头疼，其实很多时候我们遇到这种结构是不要想太多，准确理解其真正含义，用相应的英语单词或者表达翻译就是了。
一般四字格中总会有两个词语组成一个汉语词语，看前后两个字组成的词语的逻辑关系来采用不同的方法来翻译即可，但切记先得判断清楚四节结构的词类以及前后两个词组的关系。
（一）并列关系，这一类四字结构的特点是前后两个词组是并列关系，且词类相同，只须用语义合词类对应的英语表达即可。
名山大川famous mountains and great rivers
名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites
湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills
青山绿水green hills and clear waters
奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formation s
平等互利equality and mutual benefit
扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses
反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government
简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralizati on
集思广益draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ide as
国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace an
d harmony
政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well
国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood
辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new 徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud 流连忘返linger on with no thought of leaving for home
国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situat ion
开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead
求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences （二）语意重叠，对于此类结构，只需翻译其中一项语义就行。
广袤无垠的中华大地the boundless expanse of the Chinese territ ory
高瞻远瞩的决策a visionary/far-sighted decision
贯彻落实重大决策carry out/ implement a series of major polic y decisions
层峦叠嶂peaks rising one after another
优胜劣汰survival of the fittest
延年益寿prolong one’s life
灵丹妙药panacea / miraculous cure
长治久安a long period of stability
求真务实pragmatic
审时度势size up the trend of events
招商引资attract investment
誉满全球举世闻名world-renowned
功在当代，利在千秋in the interest of the current and future generations
继往开来，承前启后(continue the past and open up the futur
e ) break new ground for the future
路遥知马力，日久见人心Time will tell.
吃的苦中苦，方知甜中甜no sweet without sweat
车到山前必有路，船到桥头自然直in the end things mend /ther
e’s always a way out
急功近利eager for instant success and quick profits
大黑扫黄crack down on gangland and pornography
德高望重of high ability and integrity
互利互补mutually complementary and beneficial
互谅互让mutual understanding and accommodation
遵纪守法observe the relevant code of conduct and the law （三）目的关系，对于目的关系的可以采用动词不定式或者介词短语来表达
目的状语。
减员增效downsize (and cut payroll) to improve efficiency (for e fficiency)
退耕还林return cultivated land to forest or pastures
集资办学raise money to set up new schools
结党营私form cliques for private gain
扭亏为盈turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one （四）途径方式，可以采用介词through, according to, with等介词短语表达相应的方式状语。
寓教于乐teach through lively activities
因材施教teach students according to their aptitude
按劳分配distribution according to performance
以商养文support /sponsor cultural activities with the profits fro m doing business
（五）偏正词组，对于偏正关系的四字格必有一主一次，将其中一个词语
处理为修饰性成分，而将另外一个处理为中心词。
廉洁奉公honestly perform one’s official duties
环境绿化environmental greening
超前消费premature consumption; Over-consume; excessive cons
umption
以强凌弱the strong domineering over the weak
以人为本people foremost; People-oriented
（六）动宾关系
优势互补complement each other’s advantages
自主经营，自负盈亏make one’s own management decisions,
take full responsibility for one’s own pro
fits and losses
（七）条件关系
不进则退no progress simply means regression.
（八）省略意象
瞻前顾后overcautious and indecisive
源远流长have a long history
呕心沥血spare no efforts
画龙点睛bring out the crucial point
花天酒地go on the loose
汗马功劳exploits
闻名遐迩famous
独具匠心original
中流砥柱mainstay, chief cornerstone
鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey
世外桃源a haven of peace
浩如烟海的文化典籍numerous volumes of literature。