阅读表达4(2013-3)
2013年考研英语Text4阅读逐句分析
2013年考研英语Text4阅读逐句分析On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday—a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution, the decision was an8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.单词&词组搭配•constitution[ˌkɑːnstɪˈtuːʃn] （出现4次）n.宪法；[僻义] n.身体素质•defeat[dɪˈfiːt] （出现2次）n.失败•knock out（破坏，使...失效）•upset the balance of power between（打破两者之间力量的平衡）本段翻译最高法院周一以5:3的投票结果裁定亚利桑那州移民法多项条款无效——对奥巴马政府来说是场小政策胜利。
不过，在宪法这一更重要的问题上，最高法院以8:0的一致表决使企图打破联邦政府与各州之间权力平衡的奥巴马政府完败。
In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of thefour contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization” and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial. Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they _______.[A] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law[B] disturbed the power balance between different states[C] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies单词&搭配•overturn [ˌoʊvərˈtɜːrn]（出现4次）v.推翻，撤销•contest[kənˈtest]（出现2次）n.竞赛，竞争；[僻义] v.提出异议，质疑•provision[prəˈvɪʒn]（出现3次）n.提供；[僻义]n.规定，条款•controversial[ˌkɑːntrəˈvɜːrʃl] （出现5次）adj.引起争议的•precede[prɪˈsiːd]（出现2次）v.先于...•fashion[ˈfæʃn]（出现25次）n.流行，时尚；[僻义] n.样子，方式；v.使成形，做成•run parallel to（与...平行）•overstep[ˌoʊvərˈstep] 越权，僭越•deprive[dɪˈpraɪv]（出现7次）v.剥夺，使丧失•contradict[ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪkt]（出现1次）v.反驳，使相矛盾本段翻译在这场亚利桑那州政府与联邦政府的对决中，多数法官推翻了颇具争议的亚利桑那州移民方案（命令州级和地方警察执行联邦移民法）中四项受质疑条款里的三条。
2013高考英语二轮 阅读理解25分钟限时训练(3)
2013高考英语二轮（阅读理解）25分钟限时训练（3）及答案阅读理解A篇Bayfield Shopping Coupons （赠券）If you spend $100 or more in our stores you will receive six hours of freeOffer until November 14.Win your choice of $1,000 worth of CDs from JB Music Store. Just buy any twoCompetition ends November 14. Prize drawn on November 21.Check store for more information.Buy one shirt or tie at Daniel’s Menswear, and get another shirt or tie of Choose from any of our dress shirts and we will give you another one at no Hurry! Offer ends November 14. Offer limited to one per customer.Present this coupon at The Book Store to get a 10We have lots of books to choose from, including children’s books, novels, enjoy. Shop now for Christmas. We have plenty of toys as gifts for you andOffer here until November 14.Buy any full-price movie ticket on Tuesdays or Wednesdays, and you can buy Offer good through December 1. Limit one per customer.Buy any meaYou won’t be disappointed! Free soft drink offer ends November 14.46．What are these ads for？A. Food you can order for delivery.B. Places to go on vacation.C. Special offers at a shopping center.D. Things on sale in a big store.47．Which of the following is true according to the ads？A. Spending $50 means 3 hours of free parking.B. One person can buy 4 tickets for the price of three.C. After buying two CDs, you can get another two CDs for free.D. At Mike’s Café, people can get a free drink after spending $6.48．Which of the following is NOT mentioned at this mall？A. Clothes store.B. Music store.C. Restaurant.D. Toy store.49．We can know from this passage __________.A. there are more than one theater in the centerB. if you buy a book there, you may pay less than half the priceC. you may get a free one if you buy a shirt, or a tie, or a pair of shoesD. you won’t get a free soft drink unless you spend more than 10 dollars on the MealB篇Plants are very important living things. Life could not go if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us.If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants.Flowering plants can make seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit. Most non-flowering plants don’t grow from seeds. They grow from spores. Spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as the seeds. When these spores fall on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants.50. The main idea of the passage is that __________.A. plants are important for lifeB. plants cannot grow without airC. there are many plants around usD. we cannot live without water51. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Plants can be divided into main types: flowering plants and non-flowering plants.B. All fruits have seeds in themC. Seeds are protected by the fruits.D. Some plants grow from spores.52. The word “non-flowering ” in this passa ge means __________.A. 开花的B. 有花的C. 多花的D. 不开花的53. In “shady” place there is __________.A. a lot of sunshineB. a lot of waterC. no waterD. little sunshine参考答案46-53 CDDAABDD******************************************************结束LLetter t o Editor of TV Weekly Dear Sir/Madam,I read Alison Burnham's review of When we were 12, and I do not agree with her.I thought the programme was wonder- ful--I found the old news pictures really interesting--they helped to bring to life the stories the people were telling.The programme reminds me of many things from my own childhood. For example, one day when I was about five, I was going to school on the bus by myself (this was the late 1960s). My mother had given me exactly the right money for a return ticket.I held out my hand with the money in it--one big coin on top of one little coin. The bus conductor took the big top coin only and she gave me a ticket, but it was a pink one for a single journey. I needed a white one for a return journey, but I was too frightened to say anything. When school finished for the day, I couldn't catch the bus home--I had to walk. As a grown-up, whenever I've been in a situation where I need to say something or take some action, this early memory of my bus ride comes back to me, and I'm able to take control of the situation.I would like to say to the director, Bret Ctfrysler, carry on making this kind of programme. Too much TV these days is quiz shows and so-called "reality programmes".I appreciate the human story that can make me laugh and cry. Yours faithfully, Chris Daniels1. What is Chris Daniels' purpose of writing this letter.A. To persuade Bret Chrysler to turn away from quiz shows.B. To entertain other readers with old news pictures.C. To express his appreciation of the programme.D. To have his story told on the programme.2. Chris Daniels tells the story about the bus ticket to_______.A. describe how painful his early experience wasB. draw a direct response from Alison BurnhamC. show how the programme made him thinkD. teach the readers of TV Weekly a lesson3. According to the passage, Chris Daniels had to walk home because_______.A. he hadn't got a return ticketB. he had lost his bus ticketC. he didn't like big crowdsD. he missed the bus home4. What does Chris Daniels now think about his experience on the bus?A. He should have told the conductor then.B. He should have been well treated.C. He regrets going to school alone.D. He wishes it hadn't happened.【解析】本文是作者为感谢TVWeekly节目而给编辑写的一封信，信中谈到自己童年时的真实经历和感受。
高考英语阅读理解专题训练：4阅读理解细节理解四附参考答案
阅读理解-细节理解四1、 A new commodity brings about a highly profitable,fast-growing industry,urging antitrust(反垄断)regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago ,the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants(巨头)that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google,Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime,The giants' success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery, Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant,all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a “God’s eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required—and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the21st century. When considering a merger(兼并),for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms' data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-borm threat. Whenthis takes place,especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply panies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form emments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users' consent.Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if govemments don't wants a data oconomy by a few giants, they must act soon.1.Why is there a call to break up giants?A.They have controlled the data marketB.They collect enormous private dataC.They no longer provide free servicesD.They dismissed some new-born giants2.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?A.Data giants’ technology is very expensiveB.Google’s idea is popular among data firmsC.Data can strengthen giants’ controlling positi onD.Data can be turned into new services or products3.By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitrust regulatorscould .A.kill a new threatB.avoid the size trapC.favour bigger firmsD.charge higher prices4.What is the purpose o f loosening the giants’ control of data?A.Big companies could relieve data security pressure.ernments could relieve their financial pressure.C.Consumers could better protect their privacy.D.Small companies could get more opportunities.2 、 El Nin o, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Niños, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Niño in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱)in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Niño may relieve the drought in California, th ey are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.The most recent powerful Niño, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Niños come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施)can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道)make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Niño's harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and woundingpeople. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Niño, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.1.What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?A.It is named after a South American fisherman.B.It takes place almost every year all over the world.C.It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.D.It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.2.What may El Niños bring about to the countries affected?A.Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.B.Droughts become more harmful than floods.C.Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses.D.Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.3.The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that_________.A.more investment should go to risk reductionernments of poor countries need more aidC.victims of El Niño deserve more compensationD.recovery and reconstruction should come first4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A.To introduce El Niño and its origin.B.To explain the consequences of El Niño.C.To show ways of fighting against El Niño.D.To urge people to prepare for El Niño.3、While WeChat is China's biggest mobile messaging app (应用软件),there are many equivalent(相当的) apps in other countries that offer similar features(特征).WhatsApp (US)Users: more than 300 millionPlatforms: Android, 10S, Windows Phone, BlackBerryFeatures:Text chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharingWith more than 300 million active users, WhatsApp is one of WeChat's biggest competitors. Developed by two ex-Yahoo! employees in 2009, WhatsApp originally focused on text chat, but onAug6 it also started push - to - talk service. It's noted for its accessibility, ease of use and the absence of advertisements. The service is free for the first year, after which $0.99 (6.06 yuan) is charged for one-year subscription.Kakao Talk (South Korea)Users: more than 100 millionPlatforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and Bada (an operateing system developed by Samsung)Features: Text chat, group chat, push - to - talk, group calls, file sharingWith more than 100 million users in more than 230 countries, Kakao Talk is a multi - platform ( 多平台 ) texting application that allows users to send and receive messages for free. With Kakao Talk, users can message each other one-on one or in group chats with unlimited numbers of friends. You can also choose from more than 250 animated emoticons (表情符号) and share them with friends.Line (Japan)Users: more than 200 millionPlatforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and PCFeatures:Text chat, group chat, push - to - talk, file sharing, location sharing, gaming, stickers.Line tops the list of the most downloaded free apps in 52 countries. Apart from text and voice messaging, Line provides its users with more than 250 original stickers and emoticons to buy from its own shop. In the first quarter of 2013 alone. it made $ ,7 million just from stickers. The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the LINE Game.1.The first paragraph of the passage is used to _______.A.introduce the most popular mobile messaging apps in ChinaB.talk about new features in the latest mobile messaging appsC.draw readers' attention to various popular mobile messaging appsD.explain how mobile messaging apps have become so popularpared with the other two apps, which of the following features makes Line stand out?A.Group mobile games.B.Free stickers and emoticons.C.Free download of the app.D.Text and group chat.3.One of the popular features of WhatsApp is that users_______.A.can send and receive messages for freeB.can enjoy live video chats within groupsC.don't need to worry about unwanted adsD.regularly set free stickers and emoticons4、 During the past Spring Festival, many children may have received red packets from their families. But Xing Pu, a 40-year-old economist, is asking the government to give red packets to every Chinese citizen.Xing suggested the government give out 1,000 yuan to each Chinese since the government income has increased rapidly in recent years. He said his suggestion would allow everyone to directly enjoy the fruits of the country’s economic success, help the lower-income groups deal with rising prices and increase consumption(消费)around the country.Recent years have seen the government carry out a series of pro-poor(扶贫)and pro-rural(惠农)policies(政策),including increasing spending on public health-care and cutting down the agricultural tax. But the lower-income group still needs more help.Xing said he has borrowed many ideas from practices in countries like theUnited StatesandSingapore. Earlier this year, the governments of the two nations offered cash handouts(救济)to their citizens. As for inC hina, “We can even encourage the rich to donate their 1,000 yuan red packet to the poor,” said Xing.Although Xing’s suggestion has gained wide support among ordinary Chinese on the Internet, many other economists criticized it as unpractical. “To bett er use the increase of money, handing out money is not a solution that holds good for all time. It could be better to improve the public service or cut the price of energy use in daily life,” said Qiao Xinsheng, an economic professor.1.Xing Pu suggested that the government give out 1,000 yuan to each Chinese because ________.A.the poor should get help from the richB.the government should help the richC.the growing economic pie should be shared among the peopleD.the government doesn’t know how to use th e money2.What has the government done to help the lower-income group?A.Spending less on public health care.B.Increasing the agricultural tax.C.Handing out money to every Chinese.D.Carrying out pro-poor and pro-rural policies.3.Xing Pu’s ideas of givi ng red packets to every Chinese citizen mainly came from ________.A.children receiving red packets from their familiesB.the US andSingaporegovernments offering cash handouts to their citizensC.the government’s increasing spending on public health careD.the rising prices in the country4.According to Qiao Xinsheng, what is better than giving out money?A.Supplying food to everyone every day.B.Cutting the price of energy use in daily life.C.Controlling the rising of prices.D.Increasing the government income.5、 Rock music in one form or another is the most popular type of music all over the world. But where did it come from?Rock began in the USA in the early 1950s. At that time, “rhythm and blue” music was very popular with black Americans. “R&B” was a mixture of black religious music and jazz. It had strong rhythms that you could dance to and simple, fast words.Noticing the success of R&B music, white musicians started to copy the same style. By the mid-1950s, this new white R&B music, ca lled rock ’n’ roll, had become very popular. Singers like Elvis Presley and Bill Haley attracted millions of teenage fans. Their music was fast and loud. Many older people thought that rock ’n’ roll was very dangerous.By the early 1960s, even rock ’n’ roll had become old-fashioned. Many of the songs had begun to sound the same. It was at that time that a new group from England became popular — the Beatles.The Beatles first started by singing American style songs, but they soon developed their own style, with more complicated tunes. They also introduced different instruments. Groups like the Beatles had a very important influence on the style of popular music.By the early 1970s, rock ’n’ roll had developed into a new form of music. Electronics had replaced the amplified guitars and drums of rock ’n’ roll. “Rock” had arrived.Rock music had continued to change and develop. It had combined with music from different parts of the world. Today, there are hundreds of different types of rock music, and almost every country has its own form of rock.1.When had rock ’n’ roll become very popular?A.By the mid-1950s.B.By the early 1960s.C.By the mid-1960s.D.By the early 1970s.2.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Beatles?A.It was not an American group.B.This group had their own style.C.This group made American style songs popular.D.The style of popular music had been influenced by this group.3.It can be inferred from the passage that Elvis Presley and Bill Haley________.A.we re singers of “R&B”B.were singers in the mid-1950sC.were members of the BeatlesD.were popular with old people4.What's the best title of the passage?A.Popular MusicB.The History of Rock MusicC.Different Forms of Music in AmericaD.The Beatles6、 I was reading these interesting stories behind a group of great logos in the world. Personally Nike is my favorite one—it’s so simple. And I liked the stories behind them, which made me forget all other things. McDonald’s, Apple, Mercedes Benz and Adidas own great logos as well, and they are among my favorites.NikeIn the Greek myth, Nike is the goddess of victory and the source of inspiration for soldiers. This logo represents the wing in the famous statue of the Greek goddess. Nike’s logo was des igned by Carolyn Davidson in 1971 for $ 35, and was registered as a trademark in 1995.McDonald’sThe logo was designed in 1962 by Jim Schindler to resemble the arch shaped (拱形的) signs on the side of the company’s then walk-up hamburger stand. Later on, the two golden arches were combined together to form the M. The McDonald’s name was added to the logo in 1968.AppleThere are different stories behind Apple’s logo. The first logo was a reference to the religious story of Adam and Eve, in which the apple representedthe fruit of the Tree of Knowledge. One year later, the second logo was designed in 1977 by Steven Jobs and Ronald Wayne, and it described Sir Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree. This logo didn’t stay long. One year later it was replaced almost immediately by graphic designer Rob Janoff’s “rainbow apple”, a rainbow-colored silhouette (轮廓) of an apple with a bite taken out of it. And then the rainbow-colored apple was replaced by the one-colored logo in 1998. It has not been changed so far.Mercedes BenzThe Mercedes Benz logo, which was originally created by Gottlieb Daimler in 1909, consists of a simple description of a three- pointed star that represents its rule of the land, the sea and the air. The company was founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach. Mercedes is the name of Maybach’s elder daughter, while Benz came as a result of a combination with Benz, Cie. and DMG in 1926.1.What does the author think of the stories of the great logos?A.They are boring.B.They are attractiveC.They are out of date.D.They are practical2.What does Nike’s logo stand for?A.The goddess of victoryB.The source of inspiration for soldiersC.The wing of the Greek goddessD.The statue of the Greek goddess3.We can learn that Apple’s present logo is______.A.the religious story of Adam and EveB.Newton’s sitting under an apple treeC.a bitten apple with only one colorD.the rainbow-colored bitten apple4.Which of the following time orders describes the births of the great logos?A.Nike –McDonald’s – Apple – Mercedes Benz.B.Mercedes Benz –McDonald’s – Nike – Apple.C.Mercedes Benz – Apple – Nike –McDonald’s.D.Nike –Mercedes Benz –McDonald’s – Apple.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.B; 4.D解析：1.推理判断题,根据第二段第一句中的“Such s ituation"可知答案在第一段,第一段暗示出分化商业巨头的原因是他们控制了数据市场, 故答案为A项。
【第二阶段】【第13周】历年英语真题阅读2013A-4
新东方《考研英语历年真题详解及复习指南》2013年考研英语阅读理解Part A Text 4Text 4①On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday—a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. ②But on the more important matter of the Constitution, the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.①In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. ②The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization” and that fede ral laws precede state laws are noncontroversial. ③Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.①Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. ②On the overturned provisions the majority held the Congress had deliberately “occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.①However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement. ②That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.①Two of the three objecting Justice—Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas—agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.②The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts.①The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion of federal executive power”. ②The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. ③In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.①Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. ②But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. ③It never did so. ④The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. ⑤Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they__________.[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers[B] disturbed the power balance between different states[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law新东方《考研英语历年真题详解及复习指南》[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies37. On which of the following did the Justices agree, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’ information.[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts__________.[A] violated the Constitution [B] undermined the states’ interests[C] supported the federal statute [D] stood in favor of the states39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement__________.[A] outweighs that held by the states [B] is dependent on the states’ support[C] is established by federal statutes [D] rarely goes against state laws40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administration.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.【答案速查】36. C 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. D【试题透析】36. C[解题思路]由题干中关键词Three provisions of Arizona’s plan可定位至文章第二段，该段首句指出亚利桑那州移民法案中有三项条款被推翻，该法案的目的是使州警察和地方警察执行联邦移民法。
2024届新高考语文二轮复习：语言文字运用 强化练习题4(含答案解析)
2024届新高考语文二轮复习：语言文字运用强化练习题4学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、语言表达阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
作为上合组织重要创始成员国，中国①___________地重视、支持和推动上合组织发展。
2013年以来，习近平主席出席历次上合组织峰会，提出一系列推动上合组织发展和地区合作的重要主张和倡议，得到各方积极响应，中国在上合组织中具有②___________的地位。
“确立构建人类命运共同体的共同理念”正式写入青岛宣言，成为上合组织成员国的上下同欲；共建“一带一路”倡议同成员国发展战略及欧亚经济联盟等区域合作倡议深入对接，为地区发展创造重要机遇。
上合组织各方对习近平主席提出的全球发展倡议都③___________，认为这一倡议对解决当前全球发展困境具有重要意义。
不少成员国积极评价了习近平主席提出的全球安全倡议和认同共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观进而提出独立自主、安危与共以及反对在本地区制造阵营对抗、破坏地区稳定的主张。
习近平主席出席上合组织撒马尔罕峰会，将就新形势下加强上合组织建设、更好应对重大国际和地区挑战与有关各方深入交换意见，有利于共同捍卫真正的多边主义，维持发展中国家的正当权益，将重要的为促进地区安全稳定和发展繁荣作出贡献。
1．请在文中横线处填入恰当的成语。
2．请将文中画框部分改成短句。
可以改变语序、少量增删词语，但不得改变原意。
3．文中画横线的句子有语病，请进行修改，使语言表达准确流畅。
可少量增删词语，不得改变原意。
阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
啊！这宝贵的土地，不事稼穑的剥削阶级只知道想方设法的掠夺它，把它作为榨取劳动者血汗的工具；亲自在上面播种五谷的劳动者，才真正对它具有强烈的感情，把它看做命根子，把它当成哺育自己的母亲。
几个世纪以来，那些当年被迫得走投无路的破产的中国农民，漂流到海外去谋生的时候，都习惯在远行之前，从井里取出一撮泥土，珍重地包藏在身边。
2013年高考语文试题分类解析——文言文
2013年高考试题分类解析——文言文一、（新课标1卷）阅读下面的文言文，完成4—7题。
马文升，字负图，貌瑰奇多力。
登．景泰二年进士，授御史。
历按山西、湖广，风裁甚著。
成化初，召为南京大理卿，满四之乱，录．功进左副都御史，振．巩昌、临洮饥民，抚安流移。
绩甚著。
是时败寇黑水口，又败之汤羊岭，勒．石纪之而还。
进右都御史，总督漕运。
淮、徐、和饥，移江南粮十万石、盐价银五万两振之。
孝宗即位，召拜左都御史。
弘治元年上言十五事，悉议行。
帝耕藉田，教坊以杂戏进。
文升正色曰：“新天子当使知稼穑艰难，此何为者？”即斥去。
明年，为兵部尚书，督团营如故。
承平既久，兵政废弛，西北部落时伺塞下。
文升严核诸将校，黜贪懦者三十余人。
奸人大怨，夜持弓矢伺其门，或作谤书射入东长安门内。
为兵部十三年，尽心戎务，于屯田、马政、边备、守御，数条上便宜。
国家事当言者，即非职守，亦言无不尽。
尝以太子年及四龄，当早谕教。
请择醇谨老成知书史者，保抱扶持，凡言语动止悉导之以正。
山东久旱，浙江及南畿水灾，文升请命所司振恤，练士卒以备不虞。
帝皆深纳之。
在班列中最为耆硕，帝亦推心任之。
诸大臣莫敢望也。
吏部尚书屠滽罢，倪岳代滽，岳卒，以文升代。
南京、凤阳大风雨坏屋拔木，文升请帝减膳撤乐，修德省愆，御经筵，绝游宴；停不急务，止额外织造；振饥民，捕盗贼。
已，又上吏部职掌十事。
帝悉褒纳。
正德时，朝政已移于中官，文升老，连疏求去，许之。
家居，非事未尝入州城。
语及时事，辄颦蹙不答。
五年卒，年八十五。
文升有文武才，长于应变，朝端大议往往待之决。
功在边镇，外国皆闻其名。
尤重气节，厉廉隅，直道而行。
卒后逾年，大盗至钧州，以文升家在，舍之去。
（节选自《明史·马文升传》）4.对下列句子中加点的词解释，不正确的一项是（3分）A.登．景泰二年进士登：升职。
B.录．功进左副都御史录：记载。
C.振．巩昌、临洮饥民振：救济。
D.勒．石纪之而还勒：铭刻5．以下各组句子中，全都表明马文升劝谏皇上修身爱民内容的一组是（3分）①新天子当使知稼艰难②即非值守，亦言无不尽③凡言语动止悉导之以正④文升请命所司振恤⑤减膳撤乐，修德省愆⑥止额外织造，振饥民，捕盗贼A．①②③ B．①⑤⑥ C．②④⑥ D．③④⑤6．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）A．马文升仕途顺利，政绩卓越。
2013年考研英语一第4篇阅读理解
On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona's immigration law Monday—a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution, the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration's effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.周一，最高法院以5:3的投票结果否决了亚利桑那州的移民法律，这对于奥巴马政府温和的移民政策来说是一场胜利。
但对于宪法而言更重要的是，决策以8-0的结果打败了政府想要打乱联邦政府和州之间的力量均衡的努力In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona's controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization” and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial. Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.美国亚利桑那州，大多数人推翻了能使州和本地警力执行联邦移民法律的争议方案提出的4项特权中的3项；宪章原则上规定只有华盛顿能有权利建立统一的国籍归化法则并且联邦法律优先于州法律是毋庸置疑的。
《13年4月3日GMAT阅读预测机经-李老师》
2013年4月3日GMAT阅读考试预测李琳老师简介：【特色】纯正美式发音、激情、幽默【经历】北外英语专业高材生，多伦多大学进修。
曾在多伦多教育局任英语老师，贝尔公司等担任管理职位，回国后在CRI Easy FM中国国际广播电台任新闻主播和双语谈话节目主持人。
本月预测重点：语文部分包括41个多项选择题，内容涉及阅读理解、评论性推理和句子改错三种类型。
3月2日换库后，为大家整理这个月的GMA T阅读机经，这篇GMA T阅读机经是关于环境与经济的文章，考生朋友可以看看，下面的内容为考古内容，分享给大家，希望对大家有所帮助，文中观点仅供参考。
[V1]第一篇是关于环境与经济的文章。
中心名词实在不记得了关于ecoxxxx的有些学者认为人们为了谋求经济利益使得ecological system degradation了。
举个了关于hotel resort的例子说明在一些海岸线附件建酒店影响生态(这里高亮，问作者提到hotel resort 的目的是什么)。
接下来有个学者XX，认为传统的观点有问题。
提出要evaluate有些自然环境是否能带来实际的经济效益。
另一个学者又说了一个观点。
突然脑残不记得了。
但两个学者的观点不一致。
考古未确认12.环境保护与经济效益V1:一片说环境保护应该用经济效益来衡量V2: 大概内容是。
环境保护与经济效益的关系?其中有个小小的例子是沿着河有开发的宾馆什么的。
然后行文最后的态度(个人理解)是，环境保护与经济效益并驱还有很长的路要走。
V3：主题是围绕“要考虑到生态环境系统的经济价值”这个观念。
第一段首先定义了这个价值，然后描述了一下怎么怎么被人们忽略。
第二段就分别讲了两个人来解释为什么需要普及应用这个观念。
题目能记得清的是在第一段作者举了一个“costal hotel”的例子，问举例作用V4: 环境保护是MoneyXXX的。
通常人们会偏好于实际的、量化的利益，譬如建设旅游景点而非建设保护地。
2013年高考诗歌鉴赏题汇编(试题+答案解析)
2013年高考语文试题分类汇编—-诗歌鉴赏一、2013年新课标。
阅读下面这首宋词，完成8—9题.鹊桥仙陆游华灯纵博，雕鞍驰射，谁记当年豪举①？酒徒一半取封候，独去作江边渔父。
轻舟八尺，低篷三扇,占断苹洲烟雨②。
镜湖③元自属闲人，又何必君恩赐与！【注】①这三句是追忆当年军中的生活。
博，古代的一种棋戏。
②占断：占尽。
苹洲烟雨：指长满苹草、烟雨空濛的风光.③镜湖:即鉴湖,在今浙江绍兴.唐天宝初，贺知章请求回家乡会稽当道士，玄宗诏赐他镜湖一角。
8．上阕最后两句是什么意思？它表达了作者什么样的情感？（5分）9．词的结尾借用了贺知章的故事，这有什么用意？请简要分析。
（6分)【参考答案】8．（5分）那些整天酣饮的酒徒一个个封侯拜将，而自己只能做一个闲散的江边渔翁。
表达了对自己壮志未酬而只能隐居的无奈和牢骚.9．（6分）用来含蓄地表达对统治者的不屑和愤慨之情.皇帝既置我于闲散，镜湖风月原本就属于闲散之人，又何必让皇帝来恩赐呢？再说，天地之大，何处容不下我一个闲散之人，谁有稀罕你皇帝的恩赐!二、2013年天津卷 14.阅读下面这首词，按要求作答。
（８分)鹧鸪天•送廓之秋试①[宋］辛弃疾白苎②新袍入嫩凉。
春蚕食叶响回廊，禹门③已准桃花浪,月殿先收桂子香。
鹏北海，凤朝阳.又携书剑路茫茫。
明年此日青云去，却笑人间举子忙.【注】①秋试:科举时代秋秀举行的考试。
②白苎（zhù）:用白色苎麻织成的布。
③禹门:即龙六,古时以“鱼跃龙门”喻指考试得中.(1）“白苎新袍入嫩凉”句中的“嫩”字带给你怎样的感觉？(２分）（2)“鹏北海，凤朝阳。
又携书剑路茫茫"怎样体现了辛词的豪放特点？（３分）（3）请举一例分析本词虚实相生的艺术手法.（３分）【参考答案】14.（8分）（１)轻微、新鲜、清爽等。
（２）大鹏、丹凤、意象豪迈；北海、太阳、路茫茫、意境开阔；携书佩剑,显示出既儒雅又刚健的气概。
（３）例：“白苎新袍入凉”“春蚕食叶响回廊”是实写,点明进令和环境；“明年此日青云去,去笑人间举子忙”是虚写,想象金榜题名后轻松愉悦的心情.虚实相生，表达对应考者的良好祝愿.三、2013年福建卷 6、阅读下面的诗歌，完成后面题目。
2013年text4 英语一
2013年text4 英语一一、文章概述2013年的英语一考试中，text4是阅读理解部分的一篇文章。
本文主要讲述了关于智能手机的发展趋势及对人类生活的影响。
文章结构清晰，逻辑严密，语言表达流畅，内容丰富，是一篇具有一定难度的英语文章。
以下将从文章的主要内容、重点句子、文中所涉及的语言现象和解题技巧等角度对该文章进行详细分析。
二、文章内容1.文章主题：智能手机的发展趋势及对人类生活的影响2. 主要内容：文章首先介绍了智能手机的发展历史和现状，然后阐述了智能手机对人类生活的影响，最后展望了智能手机的未来发展趋势。
三、重点句子1. "With the installation of thousands of applications, these little gadgets have been turned into a mixture of organizer, music player, gaming console, portable GPS device, thesaurus, and link to the Internet and many other things."2. "The impact of smart phones on our lives is tremendous and mostly positive."四、语言现象1. 并列句和插入语的运用2. 时态的转换3. 被动语态的使用五、解题技巧1. 熟悉常见的词汇搭配和句型结构，能够更好地理解文章的整体意思。
2. 注意上下文的逻辑关系，理清文章的脉络，从而更好地理解文章的详细内容。
3. 注意文章中的重点句子和段落，抓住核心观点，有利于解答问题和理解文章整体内容。
六、总结2013年text4 英语一的文章内容丰富，结构清晰，语言流畅，适合考生进行阅读理解练习。
通过对文章主要内容、重点句子、语言现象和解题技巧等方面的分析，有助于考生更好地掌握文章的核心内容和解题技巧，为考试取得更好的成绩提供帮助。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
三、补全文章中空缺的内容
此题要求：根据上下文要求和行文逻辑，补全短 文中空缺的内容。该题型的设问方式一般为： please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases. 答题技巧： 1.把握上下文语境，弄清其间的逻辑关 系，再根据 这些关系猜测出空缺处的内容；确定要填写的是 短语还是句子； 2、答完后要检查一下，看上下文是否通顺， 能否恢复文章作者原本想表达的思想、内容或意图 ，还要看一看有没有注意语法规则以及时态的变化 等。
1.Review what we’ve learned this class. 2.Finish the exercises(P59).
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
1.短文信息简短问答
五 种 主 要 题 型
2.确认指代关系
3.归纳、或推断性问答
4.补全文章中空缺的内容 5概括主旨大意、 写作的主要意图
主要题型？
考纲解读：
2013年阅读表达部分较之2012年的作了一点微调。 1、措词更加准确、明了。例如： 2012年：归纳、评价等开放性问答 根据题目要求，对短文信息进行归纳整合，并作出 合理判断或评价。 2013年： 归纳或推断性问答。 根据题目要求，对短文信息进行归纳概括，或作出 合理判断与评价。
2012年江西省高考英语阅读表达评分细则
1、超过规定字数不给分（0 分）； 2、语法和拼写错误每个小题扣0.5分； 3. 首字母大小写都不扣分； 4. 给两个答案者0分； 5. 表达无意义、无法辨认或无法理解者不给分; 6. 重义不重词：表达意义到位，不在乎用什么词表达。
一、短文信息简短问答
此题要求：根据题目要求就短文内容简要回答问 题。 问题多为wh-questions。常见题的提问方式有： ① What cause…? ② What does the writer really mean by saying…? ③ Why does the author mention…? ④Which is the result of…? ⑤Where in the passage does the author describe ？
【Have a try 】
Passage 2
Happy Leap Day（闰日）! Leap Day, you ask? Yes, it‘s February 29． You may notice this date didn’t appear on last year‘s calendar, or the year before that, or…That’s because Leap Day happens once every four years. A leap year has 366 days instead of the usual 365 days that an ordinary year has．An extra day is added to the calendar in a leap year, and here's why: Question:How often does the leap day/ leap year happen? （ no more than 4 words） Answer: once every four years.
题号 2分
1.5 分 7人 0 0 8人 0
1分
0.5 分 10人 1人 6人 0 0 0 12人 6人 0 0
0分
高三英语专题复习
考纲内容？
《2013年江西省普通高考英语科考试说 明》的阅读表达部分中要求考生阅读一 篇短文(一般300字左右) ，并根据所给 题目要求在规定的词数内进行作答，超 过规定词数的不给分。 题目数量为5个，每小题2分，共计10分。 答题参考时间10---15分钟
Question:What is the main idea of the passage? (no more than 10 words) Answer:Scientific advances will enable humans to live longer.
Passage 4
Question: What's the main idea of the
【Have a try】
Passage 3 （首段）Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Some experts say that scientific advances will one day enable humans to last tens of years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span.
答题技巧
1、运用略读、扫读等技巧快速阅读全文，获取 主要信息。搜寻关键词、主题句，并且理清文章 脉络，把握语篇实质。 2、注意选项的表意,要恰如其分地概括文章的主题 注意： 1、首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答就是 文章主旨； 2、如果要求归纳某一段落的主旨大意，则一般 可以把该段的主题句作为答案。 3、提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示：therefore, thus, but, however, in short等。
first paragraph? (Please answer within 10 words.) 1.To ensure the protection of our global village from pollution for us and for future generations, it is the duty of every individual and people to take an active part in environmental protection.
备考建议：
1.同学们首先理解与掌握我省考试说明对阅读表达题的要 求； 2、要对我省高考英语试卷中的阅读表达题的评分标准 进行研究、分析，掌握“游戏规则”； 3、 认真阅读文章，特别要抓住所提问题相关的信息；特 别要抓关键词； 4、答案最好自己概括总结，要避免照抄原文。措辞时， 可先整合筛选重要信息，剔除可有可无的字句，然后运用 复合词、短语代替句子，用简单句代替复合句等小技巧使 得答案完整简洁。 5、书写整洁，不要出现简单的拼写错误，例如：多一个 字母或少一个字母等情况； 6、不要出现简单的语法错误； 7、特别不要超过所规定的字数。
2、2013年对此题作了一个更明确的要求，即：要求 考生阅读一篇短文，并根据所给题目要求在规定的 词数内进行作答，超过规定词数的不给分。
3、 其余基本与2012年意思相同。
知彼？
2011年江西省高考英语阅读表达评分细则
1. 首字母大写、冠词正确、标点符号与否不扣分； 2. 答案内容正确但答案字数超过要求者每小题扣除1分； 3. 答案内容正确但出现语法错误者每小题扣除0.5分； 4. 答案内容正确但是出现拼写错误者每小题扣除0.5分； 5. 抄写无关答案的句子或者题干者不给分。
二、概括主旨大意类题型
此题要求：简要概括短文或某一段落的主旨大意， 或指出作者的写作意图和态度。 此类题目的设问方式常见有如下几种： what’s the main idea of the article? what does the passage mainly talk about？ what is the purpose of the writer writing this passage? what’s the best title of the passage?
答卷中有代表性的答案： 1. I will wait patiently for 12 years. 2. You should wait patiently for 12 years. 3.Waiting patiently for 12 years to collect. 4. To wait patiently for 12 years. 5. You should spend 12 years collecting it. 以上答案都为正确,2分。 1.collect stamps from 2000 to 2011.1.5分 2. you should wait for a long time. 1分 3. began in 2000, end in 2011. 0.5分 4. Buy stamps every new year. 0分 5. collect a full set of them. 0(抄问题）
答题技巧：
1、抓住所提问题的相关信息用自己的语言简要回 答； 2、回答问题时必须找准问题在原文中的位置； 注意：
1、要审清楚题目； 2、回答问题时同学们应尽可能用完整的句子回答。
Passage 1
(NMET2012江西)
[4]China issues zodiac animal stamps (十二生肖邮票) every year to celebrate the Lunar New Year. They are extremely popular and a lot of collectors wait patiently for 12 years to collect a full set of them. Hong Kong’s Lunar New Year special stamp series began in 2000 with the Year of Dragon and the twelfth and final set was issued in 2011, the Year of Rabbit. Recently some Western countries have issued zodiac animal stamps, which attract a lot of attention as well. 78．WhatAnswer: you should wait for to collect a full set should we do if you want 12years. of zodiac animal stamps? （no more than 7 words）