名从定从连接词辨析
定从和名从
when(=in/on/at…which) , where(=in/on/at…which), why(=for which)。
特殊情况： that/in which/- he worked 1. This is the way_______________ out the problem.
在定语从句中作方式状语的用法，通常是the way+ in which 或that, 且口语中的in which/that常可省略。
(3) 连 接 代 词 有 what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等。它们有各自的含义，起连接作用，并在从 句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语等，不省略。 (4)连接副词有how, when, where, however, whenever, wherever。它们有各自的含义，起连 接作用，在从句中充当状语，不省略。
二 1.who 2.why 3.that 4.whether/if 5.whether/if 6.that 7.whether/if 8.what 9.Why 10.how
三 1.what we can do to grow up happily and healthily 2．that attitude decides everything 3．that we can adapt to changes and enjoy life better 4．that we should make some good friends 5．that so long as we do all the things above well
whom 2. The woman with __________ you shook hands just now is the head of the company. which I referred in my talk. This is the car to ______
定语从句与名词性从句引导词的辨析上课讲义
两种从句中各自特有的引导词
⑤what 连接代词，作成分, “什么,什么事情/东西”
eg. You look as if you’ve had a good time. eg. He looks as if he were from the Mars.
as if/though 引导的表从常跟在特定的动词后， 如 seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等
teens once.
(45-18)
eg. There is no doubt that we benefit much
from the Internet.
(华普五)
两种从句中都有的两个引导词的比较
定从(限): 关系代词，作成分，指物 (单独)
② which
eg. This was my thanks to her and I handed her
eg. I can’t forget the happy time that I’ve spent with my classmates and teachers. (华普四)
作宾语
eg. Jack is not the man that he was.
作表语
名从
在从句中不作成分
eg. That the earth is round is true.
on.
作宾语 (分科综合卷二)
两种从句中都有的两个引导词的比较
定从(限): 关系代词，作成分，指物 (单独)
② which (非限):关系代词，作成分，指物/句子
名从: 连接代词，作成分(定语) (+n)
eg. A team can also score via free throws,
定语从句和宾语从句 (从句辨析)
4.关 系 词 如 何 用？
• 关系代词
• 当关系代词在从句中作 主语时，指人用关系代词who，that; 指物用which,that. 如：The man (who /that sat beside me )was excited. The car (which /that is over there ) is my favorite. • 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，指人用关系代词 whom/that/who( 非正式）,指物用关系代词which/that,口语 中可以省略。 如： The doctor (whom/that/ she visited ) is famous. The blouse (which/that/ she tried on )was small. • 当关系代词在从句中作定语，表示所有关系时，用whose(既 指人也指物） 如： I live in a house (whose door faces west) I know a woman (whose daughter died).
• detail • concentrate • interrupt • cut someone off • draw out • wander • passive • clue
• I can't concentrate on my work when I'm tired. • 我累了就无法集中精力工作。 • He likes to wander over the countryside. • 他喜欢在乡间漫步。
修饰整个句子
定语从句所修饰的词叫作先行词，而引导定语从句的 词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）。关系词一般 紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。
2.定语从句的构成
主从复合句(名词性,状从,定从)综述
5.w_h__atmatters most in learning English is enough practice.
6.w_h__athe referred to in his article was unknown to general readers.
1)We wonder wwhetherr he will come orr nnoott. 2)We’re talking aabbout whheetthheerrwe should go.
P234 要点
• 要点1 • eg. Who will be chosen is still a puzzle. • 要点6 • eg. My advice is that we should set off now. • 要点8 • eg. What you did is none of my business.
_W__h_a_t_e_v_e_r_ he had was seized by the Japanese soldiers. 主从
判断状从和名从(主,表,宾从)的依据:主句是否完整.
连接词的使用判定
1.主句表肯定（已成事实/定局）&从句完 整——that
2.主句带疑问色彩&从句完整——if/whether
who-whoever what-whatever which-whichever…
1._W__h_o__ will go to the energy conference is unknown. W__h_o_e_v_e_rbehaves dishonestly will deserve a bad return.
主从复合句
名从+状从+定从
名从、定从、时态、非谓语
名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词连词（5个）在从句中均不充当任何成分，：that表明内容的确定性（宾语从句或表语从句中that 有时可以省略）whether,if （均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）as if ,as though （均表示“好像”，“似乎”）连接代词（9个）做主语或宾语：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever 做定语或表语whose,连接副词（7个）做壮语：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however不可省略的连词：1. 介词后的连词2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。
但在下列情况下，只可用whether：1. whether引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 常与"or not"或to do 连用；if 则不可。
5. 引导同位语从句Whether he will come is not clear.Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
高考综合复习：高考透析“名从”和“定从”
高考综合复习：高考透析“名从”和“定从”审稿：白雪雁责编：张敏名词性从句考点透析1．that无词义，在从句中不做成分。
当that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，that不能省。
(1)That he will refuse the offer is impossible．(2)It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey．2．whether，if都可引导名词性从句，但需注意下列几点：(1)在句首引导主语从句时，只能用whetherWhether we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather．(2)if不能引导表语从句What the doctor really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．(3)if不能引导介词后的宾语从句Everything depends on whether we can make a plan that they will agree to．(4)如果宾语从句是否定句时，只能用ifI asked Pave if he hadn't decided what he would say at the meeting．(5)discuss后的宾语从句只能用whether引导。
doubt作“怀疑”解、后接宾语从句时，如果主句是肯定的，宾语从句用whether或if引导，如果主句是否定的，宾语从句只能用that引导。
①We discussed whether the medicine will cause side effect．(我们讨论了这种药是否会引起负作用。
)②I doubt whether／if he is fit for his office．③I don't doubt that he can do it very well．3．wh～词既有词义(该词基本的词汇意义)，又在名词性从句中充当成分，因此，在选择wh～词时，既要考虑该词的基本意义，又要考虑它在从句中的作用。
高考英语复习-名词从句和定语从句
名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
Ⅰ．主语从句：在句子中充当主语主句谓语动词要用单数第三人称。
Whoever comes is welcome.1．that引导主语从句。
that引导主语从句时，仅起连接作用，不作任何成份，不能省略。
有时为了保持句子平衡，把that从句后置，由形式主语it来代替。
That she was chosen made us very happy.It made us very happy that she was chosen.it作形式主语，有几种固定句型：（1）It + be + adj. + that - clauseIt is natural / strange / important / necessary that...很自然／奇怪的是／重要的是／必要的是……从句中的谓语动词用（should)+动词原形It is important that he (should) attend the meeting.（2）It + be + n. + that - clauseIt is a fact that ... 事实是……It is an honour that... 非常荣幸……It is common knowlege that... ……是常识It is a pity that... 很遗憾……（3）It + be + 过去分词+ that - clauseIt is reported that...据报道……It is believed that... 据相信……It has been proved that... 已证实……It is said that... 据说……特别提示在表示建议、要求、命令等意义的被动结构中，that从句中的谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held this afternoon.（4）It + seem / happen等不及物动词+ that - clauseIt seems / seemed that... 似乎……It happens / happened that... 碰巧……It appears that... 好像……It seems that he is wrong.2．whether引导的主语从句“是否”从句在句首时必须用whether，置于句尾时，可换用if．Whether he will come is not clear.It is not clear whether / it he will come.3．wh - 疑问词引导主语从句。
从句与连接词
连接词，仅仅是起连接作用，在从句中不充当成分；定从中没有连接词，名从的连接词有三个：that、if、whether状从的都是连接词关系词是在句子中充当成分的，如关系代词在从句中充当名词性的主宾表成分。
连接词只表示两个句子的连接，表明前后的逻辑关系，而关系词不仅表示连接，而且在句中具有替代功能，充当句子的一部分。
一、疑问代词和疑问副词在从句中分别被称为连接代词和连接副词（宾语从句）；从属连词（状语从句）；关系代词和关系副词（定语从句）。
宾语从句中表示疑问。
例如：I don't know who you are.（宾语从句） They have left when I got there.（状语从句），I like the boy who is in blue.（定语从句）区别：分别举例如下：I know the place where he was born .（用关系副词，因为等于I know the place in the place he was born）再比如：I know the place which he was born in.（用关系代词。
因为等于I know the place he was born in the place.）当然句子中不可以有重复的词语，所以在定语从句中使用了关系代词和关系副词你只要记住无论是关系代词还是关系副词都是从句中的句子成份。
定语从句是一个完整的句子。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语。
而关系副词在从句中充当状语。
二、whether与 if的用法区别两者的用法异同注意以下几点：(1) 两者均可引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，常可互换：He asked if [whether] we wanted a drink. 他问我们是否想喝一杯。
He didn’t tell me if [whether] he would come. 他没有告诉我他是否会来。