2009年高考湖南卷语文试题及参考答案
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷)1.下列词语中加点的字,读音全都正确的一组是A.倾慕 qing 俊彦yan 渲染 xian 嘉言懿行yiB.轩昂 xuan 萦绕ying 酽茶yan 怦然心动pingC.黏膜nian 囊括nang 笃信du 桑榆暮景muD.脊梁ji 甄别zhen 晋谒ye 披肝沥胆li2.下列句子中有错别字的一句是A.黄帝陵前的这两颗古柏,至今依旧蓊郁苍翠,令观瞻者心中生出无限遐思。
B我们与亲人相伴的每一刻,最不应该吝惜的是那份能慰藉彼此心灵的关爱。
C.狗尾巴草活像狗尾,茎纤细坚挺,叶修长,它们散漫地生长在夏秋两季。
D.只要孩子们如往常般走进学校读书嬉戏,希望就会萌生在灾区人们的心中。
3.下列各句中加点的成语使用不恰当的一句是A.道德是一切制度运行的社会土壤,道德与法律在一个国家的文明框架中,唇齿相依,缺一不可。
B.虽然计算机应用的范围越来越广,但拥有了它并不意味着一切工作都会那么轻而易举,一挥而就。
C.传统节日时一宗重大而特殊的民族文化遗产,其文化内涵和相关习俗不应该与现代社会格格不入。
D.将往昔林林总总的记忆吐露在纸上,我意识到完成了我生活中最重要的行动,我注定为记忆而生。
4.下列各句中没有语病的一句是A.2008北京奥运会开幕式,以“和”字为核心创意,既融入了中国传统文化的精髓,又彰显了奥运新理念,获得了群众的好评如潮。
B.大学毕业生不应该只关注一己之屈伸,一家之饥饱,真正需要关注的是作为接收过高等教育的个体对于群体、社会、他人的责任和义务。
C.小品《不差钱》对“不差钱”的反复宣称,既表达了对某些宰人商家的抗议,也反映了正在奔小康的农民提高自己社会地位的自觉自为。
D.在这部**式作品中,作者阐明了对尊重生命、敬畏自然、坚持信仰,爱憎分明等被现代性所遮敝的人类理想精神的张扬。
5.为上联“心平浪静,秋月芙蓉湘水碧”选择下联,最合适的一项是A,志远天高,春风杨柳莻山青 B情深海阔,夏日荷花潇江红C气壮山威,鲲鹏展翼楚云飞 D身正才卓,冬雪松竹衡岳高二,现代文(一般社会科学类,自然科学类文章)阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成6-8题几个世纪以来,科学一直被看成一种为人类带来幸福的力量,以牛顿力学为代表近代科学引发的工业革命为人类创造了巨大的物质财富;20世纪初,以相对论和量子理论为代表的物理学革命,从宏观和微观的尺度上,把人们对客观世界的认识推向了高峰。
在一片胜利的欢呼声汇总,科学作为以一种新的“偶像”登上神坛。
1845年8月,在日本广岛上空爆炸的原子弹开始打破人们对科学的迷信。
当原子弹造成的种种惨象通过媒体传播时。
那些参与制造原子弹的科学家们陷入了深深地内疚之中。
他们开始感到,科学研究的领域也存在着潘多拉拉盒子。
20世纪后半叶,以DNA双螺旋结构的发现为开端的分子生物学革命逐渐成了科学舞台上的主角。
20世纪60年代初,遗传密码被破译。
1969年,DNA限制性的内切酶被发现。
1971年,斯坦福大学的保罗•伯格将猿猴病毒40(SV40)的DNA引入大肠杆菌并与其DNA重组,获得了一种新的带有SV40基因的大肠杆菌,由于SV40对鼠类动物具有致癌性,还可以在试管内使人的正常细胞转达化为癌细胞,因此伯格的重组大肠杆菌就有可能具有致癌性。
大肠杆菌广泛存于人体肠道内,如果含有SV40基因的大肠杆菌在人群间传播,可能造成难以预料的后果。
美国著名分子病毒学家罗伯特•普兰克了解了伯格有的工作后,立即与他通电话,指出这种大肠杆菌可能成为传播人类肿瘤的媒介,并建议他暂停此项研究。
这使伯格特犹豫,他深知DNA重组技术的革命意义,但他也为此项研究可能带来的严重后果担忧,他与其它生物学家讨论后,他毅然决定暂停此项研究。
但是,DNA重组的研究并未停止,并在其他实验室不断取得新突破。
随着研究的进一步推进,基因重组技术引起的伦理问题日益引起政府和公众的关注。
1974年7月,在美国科学院的支持直,伯格等著明分子生物学家联名发表了一封建议信,呼吁在全世界范围内无条件禁止一切有可能导致无法预知后果的基因重组研究。
因为“伯格信件”的倡议,1975年2月,16个国家的140位著名科学家在美国加州举行会议,与会者一致认为:“尽管基本重组技术会捉进分子生物学的革命性进展,可是运用这项技术所产生的生物新类型,可能对人类健康造成直接和意想不到的危害,因此必须对此严加控制。
”美国哥伦比亚广播公司专门对此做了一个题为《DNA争论:科学反对它自己》的专题节目,向公众普及科学伦理。
在伯格信件中,积极从事该领域研究的杰出科学家主动提出对自己的研究工作进行限制,这在科学史上还是第一次,它显示了那一代科学家巨大的道德勇气和强烈的社会责任感,堪称科学史上的重大事件。
(选自《环球科学》2009年第2期,有删改)6.下列关于“伯格信件”的阐述,与原文意思不符合的一项是A 伯格兴建是伯格等分子生物学家在美国科学院的支持下于1974年7月联名发表的一封建议信。
B 伯格信件提议在全世界范围内无条件禁止一切基因重组研究以避免可能导致的无法预知的后果。
C 在伯格信件中,伯格等杰出科学家主动提粗对他们从事并取得成果的领域的研究工作进行限制。
D “伯格信件”这一科学史上的重大时间显示了那一代科学家巨大的道德勇气和强烈的社会责任感。
7.下列说法,符合原文意思的一项是A . 文章中称科学为一种新的“偶像”,这是对在欢呼中登上神坛的科学的批判。
B. DNA重组技术虽然具有革命意义,但也有可能给人类健康带来严重的后果。
C. 杰出的科学家主动停止了自己的科学研究,日益引起政府和公众的广泛关注。
D. 加州会议与会者一致认为,必须严格控制分子生物学革命产生的生物新类型。
8.本文原标题为“科学反对他自己”,依据文章,对该标题理解不正确的一项是A 科学反对它自己并不意味着反对它的全部,而是反对它有悖于科学伦理的部分。
B 只是限制那些有可能危害人类的科学研究,有赖于科学家的道德勇气与社会责任感。
C 防止科学技术在运用中对人类造成危害,有赖于科学家的道德勇气与社会责任感。
D 新科学反对旧科学,科学就是在不断否定过去的研究成果的过程中得到进步的。
三.文言文阅读(22分,其中选择题每小题3分,翻译题9分,简单题4分)阅读下面的文言文,完成9—13题。
送秦少章赴临安薄序(张耒)《诗》不云乎:“蒹葭苍苍,白露爲霜.”夫物不受变,则材不成,人不涉难,则智不明.季秋之月,天地始肃,寒气欲至.方是时,天地之间,凡植物出于春夏雨露之馀,华泽充溢,支节美茂.及繁霜夜零,旦起而视之,如战败之军,卷旗弃鼓,里疮而驰,吏士无人色,岂特如是而已.于是天地闭塞而成冬,则摧败拉毁之者过半,其爲变亦酷矣.然自是弱者坚,虚者实,津者燥,皆歛其英华于腹心,而各效其成,深山之木,上挠靑云,下庇千人者,莫不病焉,况所谓蒹葭者乎?然匠石操斧以游于林,一擧而尽之,以充栋梁、桷杙、轮舆、輹輹、巨细强弱,无不胜其任者,此之谓损之而益,败之而成,虐之而乐者是也。
吾党有秦少章者,自予爲太学官时,以其文章示予,愀然告我曰:“惟家贫,奉命诗不云乎蒹葭苍苍白露为霜夫物不受变则材不成人不涉难则智不明季秋之月天地始肃寒气欲至方是时天地之间凡植物出于春夏雨露之余华泽充溢支节美茂及繁霜夜零旦起而视之如战败之军卷旗弃鼓里疮而驰吏士无人色岂特如是而已于是天地闭塞而成冬则摧败拉毁之者过半其为变亦酷矣然自是弱者坚虚者实津者燥皆敛其英华于腹心而各效其成深山之木上挠靑云下庇千人者莫不病焉况所谓蒹葭者乎然匠石操斧以游山林一举而尽之以玄栋梁桷杙轮舆輹輹巨细强弱无不胜其任者此之谓损之而益败之而成虐之而乐者是也吾党有秦少章者自余为大学官时以其文章示余愀然告我曰余家贫奉命大人而勉为科举之文也异时率其意为诗章古文往往淸丽奇伟工于举业百倍元佑六年及第调临安主薄举子中第可少乐矣而秦子每见余辄不乐不能为言所不合不能交飮食起居动静百为不能勉以随人令一为吏皆失已而惟物之应少自偃蹇悔祸响至异时一身资养于父母令则妇子仰食于我欲不为吏又不可得自令以往如沐漆而求解矣余解之曰子之前日春夏之草木也令日之病子者蒹葭之霜也。
大人而勉为科举之文也。
”异时率其意为诗章古文,往往淸丽奇伟,工于举业百倍。
元佑六年及第,调临安主薄。
举子中第可少乐矣,而秦子每见余辄不乐。
不能为言所不合,不能交飮食起居动静百为,不能勉以随人,令一为吏。
皆失已而惟物之应,少自偃蹇,悔祸随至。
异时一身资养于父母,令则妇子仰食于我,欲不为吏,又不可得。
自令以往,如沐漆而求解矣。
”“余解之曰:”子之前日,春夏之草木也。
令日之病子者,蒹葭之霜也。
凡人性惟安之求,夫安者天下之大患也。
迁之为贵,重耳不十九年于外,则归不能覇,子胥不奔,则不能入郢二子者,方其羁穷忧患之时,阴益其所短而进其所不能者,非如学于口耳者之浅浅也。
自今吾子思前之所为,其可悔者众矣,其所知益加多矣。
反身而安之,则行于天下无可解者矣,能推食与人者,常饥者也;赐之车马而辞者,不畏步者也。
苟畏饥而恶步,则将有苟得之心,为害不旣多乎!故陨霜不杀者,物之灾也;逸乐终身者,非人之福也。
”选自《张耒集》,中华书局1990年版9.对下列句子中加点的词解释,不正确的一项是A 季秋之月,天地始肃季:季节,季候B 及繁霜夜零,旦起而视之零:降落,落下C 予世之介士也介:独特,不合群D子胥不奔,则不能入郢奔:逃亡,出走10.下了各组句子中,加点的词的意义和用法相同的一组是A 其为变亦酷矣吾其还也B 往往清丽奇伟,工于举业百倍亦以明死生之大,匹夫之重于社稷也C 饮食起居、动静百为,不能勉以随人木欣欣以向荣,泉涓涓而始流D 能推食与人者,尝饥者也《齐谐》者,志怪者也11.下列各句对文章的阐述,不正确的一项是A.本文先以《诗经*蒹葭》之句,引出物不受变材不成、人不涉难智不明的观点,再对草木虽遭受严霜缺损却敛英自成的现象加以描述,并抒发感慨。
B.文章叙述秦少章与作者交往,遵奉长辈之命勉为科举之文,科考中第及任职等情况后,再引述他不得已为官的苦闷之言,然后对秦少章加以开导。
C.文章所述秦少章中第后不快乐的原因之一,是他认为一旦为官,就将疲于应对官吏事务而无暇顾及自已,如果稍一显露傲气,祸患就会随之到来。
D.本文为送人赴任的赠序,文章设喻用典,劝勉对方正确看待人事迁变,行文情理皆具而语言平实,体现了苏轼评张耒之文所称“汪洋淡泊”的特点。
12.把文言文阅读材料中划横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
(9分)(1)人不涉难,则智不明。
译文:_________________________________________________________________________ (2)今则妇子仰食与我,欲不为吏,亦不可得。
译文:___________________________________________________________________________ (3)赐之车马而辞者,不畏步者也。
2009年高考湖南卷语文试题及参考答案
2009年高考语文试题湖南卷参考答案及解析2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文(湖南卷)参考答案及解析一、语言知识及运用(15分,每小题3分)1.[答案]C[解析]A.渲染(xuàn) B. 怦然心动(pēng) D. 脊梁(jǐ)2.[答案]D[解析]D.“嘻戏”,词典只有“嬉戏”,而“嘻戏”是网络词语,不规范,出题者出这道题应该是一种对规范用词的引导。
3.[答案]B[解析] 一挥而就。
(挥:指挥笔。
形容才思敏捷,写字、写文章、画画非常快。
)4.[答案]C[解析]A. “获得了群众的好评如潮。
” (句子杂糅了)B.“作为接受过高等教育的个体对于群体、社会、他人的责任和义务。
”(并列不当)D.“作者阐明了对尊重生命、敬畏自然、坚持信仰,爱憎分明等被现代性所遮敝的人类理想精神的张扬。
”(谓语与宾语不搭配)5.[答案]A[解析] 可能有同学选了B,其实根据对联的最基本的平仄要求仄起平收就可以排除B,不选B还因为内容上“芙蓉”与“荷花”重复;同时“芙蓉”与“荷花”在结构上不同,一为联绵,一为偏正;而且在传统上也是“秋月”对“春风”,更合意境。
当然题目也有值得商榷的地方。
“芙蓉”对“杨柳”严格讲来不工整,因为“芙蓉”是联绵词,“杨柳”是联合式复合词。
附录:联绵词小知识在汉语中,有一种词叫联绵词。
联绵词指两个音节连缀成义而不能拆开来讲的词。
包括在单纯词中,它包含了双声的,如:“仿佛”、“伶俐”等,也有叠韵的。
连绵词有三种类型:1、双声词。
双声词指两个音节的声母相同的连绵词。
2、叠韵词。
叠韵词指两个音节的韵母相同的连绵词。
如“骆驼”“徘徊”。
3、非双声叠韵词。
非双声叠韵词指既非双声又非叠韵的连绵词。
如:“芙蓉”在对联中,联绵词必须对应联绵词,不能与其它词性的词相对。
古代严式对更主张在联绵词中必须名词对名词,动词对动词,形容词对形容词。
二. 现代文(一般社会科学类,自然科学类文章)阅读(9分,每小题3分)6.[答案]B7.[答案]B8.[答案]D三.文言文阅读(22分,其中选择题每小题3分,翻译题9分,简单题4分)9.[答案]A[解析] 《礼记》有“季秋之月,菊有黄华”之句。
2009年高考湖南语文试题参考答案
A 卷一、 填空:要求有计算过程。
(每空5分,共15分) 1、图1所示电路中理想电流源的功率为 。
(4分) 2、图2所示电路中电流I 为 -1.5A 。
3、图3所示电路中电流U 为 115V 。
二、 分别用节点法、网孔法和戴维南定理求图4所示电路中的电流I 。
图4 图5 图6 三、 求图5所示电路中的电压U ab 。
(10分)四、 含理想变压器电路如图6,V U S 00100∠=∙,求负载R 上电压有效值U 。
(10分) 五、求图7中各二端网络的等效电阻。
(15分)图7六、电路如图8所示,开关K 闭合前电路已稳定,用三要素法求K 闭合后的u c (t)。
(10分)七、(10分)电路如图9所示。
已知:U=8V ,Z 1=1-j0.5Ω,Z 2=1+j1Ω,Z 3=3-j1Ω。
(1) 求输入阻抗Zi ; (2) 求∙1I 。
图8 图9B卷一、选择题(单选):(20分)1、电阻与电感元件并联,它们的电流有效值分别为3A 和4A,则它们总的电流有效值为( ) 。
A、7AB、6AC、5AD、4A2、关于理想电感元件的伏安关系,下列各式正确的有( )A、u=ωLiB、u=LiC、u=jωLiD、u=Ldi/dt3、耦合电感的顺串时等效电感为( ) 。
A、Leq =L1+L2+2M B、Leq=L1+L2-2M C、Leq=L1L2-M2 D、 Leq=L1L2-M24、单口网络,其入端阻抗形式是Z=R+jX,当X<0时,单口网络呈( )A、电阻性质B、电感性质C、电容性质二、填空:(每空2分,共14分)1、图1.1所示电路中理想电流源吸收的功率为。
2、图1.2所示电路中电阻的单位为Ω,则电流I为。
3、已知i=10cos(100t-30。
)A,u=5sin(100t-60。
)A,则 i、u的相位差为且iu。
4、为提高电路的功率因数,对容性负载,应并接元件。
5、三相对称电路,当负载为星形接法时,相电压与线电压的关系为相电流与线电流的关系为。
2009年语文高考试题及答案
绝密★启用前2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至4页,第Ⅱ卷5至 9页。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项1.答题前,考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,并帖好条形码。
请认真核准条形码的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
3.本试卷共10小题,每小题3分,共30分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合要求。
一、(12分,每小题3分)1.下列词语中加点的字,读音全都正确的一组是A.菁.华(qīng)宁.可(nìng)冠.心病(guān)翘.首回望(qiáo)B. 吐蕃.(fān)庇.护(bǐ)歼.击机(jiān)呱.呱坠地(gū)C. 请帖.(tiě)梵.文(fán)发横.财(hâng)按捺.不住(nà)D.链.接(liàn)创.口(chuāng)倒.春寒(dào)拈.花惹草(niān)【答案】D【解析】A 菁华jīng B 吐蕃bōC梵文fàn2.下列各项中,加点的成语使用不恰当的一项是A.邻里之间的是非大多是由日常生活中的一些琐屑小事引起的,不必寻根究底....,你们还是大事化小,小事化了吧。
B.身处春秋鼎盛....的时代,我们这些身强体壮的青年应该奋发有为,积极向上,刻苦学习,为国家和社会多作贡献。
C.这位代表说的虽不是什么崇论宏议....,但他的话发自肺腑,句句实在,没有套话和假话,因此我们更加重视。
D.今年有四到六成的作品流拍,成交总额同比减少一半,这说明以往超过底价数十倍成交的火爆场面已成明日黄花....。
【答案】B【解析】春秋鼎盛:春秋,指年龄;鼎盛,正当旺盛之时。
2009年湖南高考语文试题及答案(word版)
2009年湖南高考语文试题及答案(word版)一、语言知识及运用(15分,每小题3分)1.下列词语中加点的字,读音全都正确的一组是A.倾.慕qīnɡ俊彦.yàn 渲.染xiàn嘉言懿.行yìB.轩.昂xuān萦.绕yínɡ酽.茶yàn怦.然心动pīnɡC.黏.膜nián囊.括nánɡ笃.信dǔ桑榆暮.景mùD.脊.梁jí甄.别zhēn晋谒.yè披肝沥.胆lì【C】2.下列句子中有错别字的一句是A.黄帝陵前的这两棵古柏,至今依旧蓊郁苍翠,令观瞻者心中生出无限遐思。
B.我们与亲人相伴的每一刻,最不应该吝惜的是那份能慰藉彼此心灵的关爱。
C.狗尾巴草活像狗尾,茎纤细坚挺,叶修长,它们散漫地生长在夏秋两季。
D.只要孩子们如往常般走进学校读书嘻戏,希望就会萌生在灾区人们的心中。
【D】3.下列各句中加点的成语使用不恰当...的一句是A.道德是一切制度运行的社会土壤,道德与法律在一个国家的文明框架中,唇齿..,缺一不可。
..相依B.虽然计算机应用的范围越来越广,但拥有了它并不意味着一切工作都会那么轻而易举,一挥而就....。
C.传统节日是一宗重大而特殊的民族文化遗产,其文化内涵和相关习俗不应该与现代社会格格不入....。
D.将往昔林林总总....的记忆吐露在纸上,我意识到完成了我生活中最重要的行动,我注定为回忆而生。
【B】4.下列各句中没.有语病...的一句是A.2008北京奥运会开幕式,以“和”字为核心创意,既融入了中国传统文化的精髓,又彰显了奥运新理念,获得了观众的好评如潮。
B.大学毕业生不应该只关注一己之屈伸,一家之饥饱,真正需要关注的是作为接受过高等教育的个体对于群体、社会、他人的责任和义务。
C.小品《不差钱》对“不差钱”的反复宣称,既表达了对某些宰人商家的抗议,也反映了正在奔小康的农民提高自己社会地位的自觉自为。
2009高考语文语言运用题汇编之二(含答案)
2009高考语文语言运用题汇编之二(含答案)十、(2009湖南卷)十一、(2009福建卷)15.从下列材料中选取必要的信息,为“心理咨询”下定义。
(3分)①心理咨询是给咨询对象以帮助、启发和教育的活动②这种活动必须运用心理学的理论、知识和方法来妥善处理各种心理问题③这种活动通过言语、文字或其他信息传播媒介来达到咨询目的答:【参考答案】心理咨询是运用心理学的理论、知识和方法,通过言语、文字或其他信息传播媒介,给咨询对象以帮助、启发和教育的活动。
(或,运用心理学的理论、知识和方法,通过言语、文字或其他信息传播媒介,给咨询对象以帮助、启发和教育的活动叫做心理咨询。
)【解析】本道题考查提取有效信息并进行整合和变换句式的能力,既要求考生能够从材料中选取必要的信息并进行整合,为“心理咨询”下定义;同时,又要求考生利用一个长句对主体对象“心理咨询”进行下定义。
作答时,考生需要从三个短句中选择一个句子来作为主体句,然后再抽取出其它两句中的必要信息,将其作为主体句的句子成分,最终形成一个句子长、成分多的长句。
16.阅读下面两则材料,回答问题。
(7分)材料一:近年来清明节祭奠亲友,一些地方从烧冥钞、纸人、纸马,发展到烧纸电视机、纸数码相机,甚至烧纸汽车、纸别墅……材料二:今年清明节前,某市首个在线祭祀网站开通。
清明节时,许多市民纷纷登录该网站,上传纪念图片,发布纪念文章,祭奠逝去的亲友,表达哀思。
⑪用一句话概括以上材料的内容。
(2分)答:【参考答案】⑪答案示例:清明节祭奠亲友的方式发生了变化。
(或,清明节祭奠亲友的方式体现了不同的观念。
)【解析】本题考查压缩语段,要求考生能够从两则材料中筛选出重要信息,然后用一句话进行概括表达。
作答时,考生首先要明确两则材料均是围绕清明节祭奠一事展开的。
两则材料中,材料1侧重阐述的是近几年清明节祭奠出现的趋势,材料2则侧重讲今年清明节祭奠所出现的新变化,材料1与材料2之间存在着时间的前后关系,而事件本身则出现变化,通过筛选、提取与概括,不难得出答案。
2009年全国18套高考语文试题及答案(答案详解)
目录1、2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文2、2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国2)解析3、2009年普通高校招生统一考试(北京卷)逐题详解4、2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文试题(上海解析卷)5、2009年高考安徽卷语文试题详细解答6、2009年普通高等学校招生考试江苏卷语文试题解析7、2009年全国高考天津卷语文试题答案解析8、2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(重庆卷)9、2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试逐题详解(浙江卷)10、2009年全国高考辽宁卷语文试题答案解析11、2009年普通高等学校招生考试(湖北卷)语文试题解析12、2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)试题解析13、2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(四川卷)解析14、2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷)点评15、2009年江西高考语文试题及答案解析16、2009年福建高考语文试题及答案(详解版)17、2009年高考语文(广东卷)答案与详解18、2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(宁夏卷)详解版绝密★启用前2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至4页,第Ⅱ卷5至9页。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项答题前,考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,并帖好条形码。
请认真核准条形码的准考证号、姓名和科目。
每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
本试卷共10小题,每小题3分,共30分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合要求。
一、(12分,每小题3分)1.下列词语中加点的字,读音全都正确的一组是A.菁华(qīng)宁可(nìng)冠心病(guān)翘首回望(qiáo)B.吐蕃(fān)庇护(bǐ)歼击机(jiān)呱呱坠地(gū)C.请帖(tiě)梵文(fán)发横财(hâng)按捺不住(nà)D.链接(liàn)创口(chuāng)倒春寒(dào)拈花惹草(niān)【答案】D【解析】A菁华jīngB吐蕃bōC梵文fàn2.下列各项中,加点的成语使用不恰当的一项是A.邻里之间的是非大多是由日常生活中的一些琐屑小事引起的,不必寻根究底,你们还是大事化小,小事化了吧。
2009高考湖南语文卷试题及参考答案
2009高考湖南语文卷试题及参考答案2009年高考语文试题(湖南卷)参考答案及解析(2009-06-10 07:33:58)转载▼标签:教育文化高考考试语文湖南试卷参考答案解析杂谈分类:2009年高考试卷、试题、解析2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文(湖南卷)参考答案及解析一、语言知识及运用(15分,每小题3分)1.[答案]C[解析]A.渲染(xuàn) B. 怦然心动(pēng) D. 脊梁(jǐ)2.[答案]D[解析]D.“嘻戏”,词典只有“嬉戏”,而“嘻戏”是网络词语,不规范,出题者出这道题应该是一种对规范用词的引导。
[解析] 一挥而就。
(挥:指挥笔。
形容才思敏捷,写字、写文章、画画非常快。
)4.[答案]C[解析]A. “获得了群众的好评如潮。
” (句子杂糅了)B.“作为接受过高等教育的个体对于群体、社会、他人的责任和义务。
”(并列不当)D.“作者阐明了对尊重生命、敬畏自然、坚持信仰,爱憎分明等被现代性所遮敝的人类理想精神的张扬。
”(谓语与宾语不搭配)5.[答案]A[解析] 可能有同学选了B,其实根据对联的最基本的平仄要求仄起平收就可以排除B,不选B还因为内容上“芙蓉”与“荷花”重复;同时“芙蓉”与“荷花”在结构上不同,一为联绵,一为偏正;而且在传统上也是“秋月”对“春风”,更合意境。
当然题目也有值得商榷的地方。
“芙蓉”对“杨柳”严格讲来不工整,因为“芙蓉”是联绵词,“杨柳”是联合式复合词。
附录:联绵词小知识在汉语中,有一种词叫联绵词。
联绵词指两个音节连缀成义而不能拆开来讲的词。
包括在单纯词中,它包含了双声的,如:“仿佛”、“伶俐”等,也有叠韵的。
连绵词有三种类型:1、双声词。
双声词指两个音节的声母相同的连绵词。
2、叠韵词。
叠韵词指两个音节的韵母相同的连绵词。
如“骆驼”“徘徊”。
3、非双声叠韵词。
非双声叠韵词指既非双声又非叠韵的连绵词。
如:“芙蓉”在对联中,联绵词必须对应联绵词,不能与其它词性的词相对。
湖南省2009年全国高考语文试题
公司合同管理制度第一章总则第一条为了实现依法治理企业,促进公司对外经济活动的开展,规范对外经济行为,提高经济效益,防止不必要的经济损失,根据国家有关法律规定,特制定本管理办法。
第二条凡以公司名义对外发生经济活动的,应当签订经济合同。
第三条订立经济合同,必须遵守国家的法律法规,贯彻平等互利、协商一致、等价有偿的原则。
第四条本办法所包括的合同有设计、销售、采购、借款、维修、保险等方面的合同,不包括劳动合同。
第五条除即时清结者外,合同均应采用书面形式,有关修改合同的文书、图表、传真件等均为合同的组成部分。
第六条国家规定采用标准合同文本的则必须采用标准文本。
第七条公司由法律顾问根据总经理的授权,全面负责合同管理工作,指导、监督有关部门的合同订立、履行等工作。
第二章合同的订立第八条与外界达成经济往来意向,经协商一致,应订立经济合同。
第九条订立合同前,必须了解、掌握对方的经营资格、资信等情况,无经营资格或资信的单位不得与之订立经济合同。
第十条除公司法定代表人外,其他任何人必须取得法定代表人的书面授权委托方能对外订立书面经济合同。
第十一条对外订立经济合同的授权委托分固定期限委托和业务委托两种授权方式,法定代表人特别指定的重要人员采用固定期限委托的授权方式,其他一般人员均采用业务委托的授权方式。
第十二条授权委托事宜由公司法律顾问专门管理,需授权人员在办理登记手续,领取、填写授权委托书,经公司法定代表人签字并加盖公章后授权生效。
第十三条符合以下情况之一的,应当以书面形式订立经济合同:1. 单笔业务金额达一万元的;2. 有保证、抵押或定金等担保的;3. 我方先予以履行合同的;4. 有封样要求的;5. 合同对方为外地单位的;第十四条经济合同必须具备标的(指货物、劳务、工程项目等),数量和质量,价款或者酬金,履行的期限、地点、和方式,违约责任等主要条款方可加盖公章或合同章。
经济合同可订立定金、抵押等担保条款。
第十五条对于合同标的没有国家通行标准又难以用书面确切描述的,应当封存样品,有合同双方共同封存,加盖公章或合同章,分别保管。
2009年高考湖南省试题及答案(文数)
D.建立其全球整车生产的零部件工业基地
2.中国整车生产厂被迫减产是由于该公司在灾区有
A.研发中心B.一般零部件厂C.核心零部件厂D.整车厂
第二次世界大战后,美国通过大量技术投入和大规模专业化生产,成为世界最大的大豆生产国和出口国。巴西自20世纪70年代开始种植大豆,在积极培育优良品种的同时,鼓励农民组建农场联合体,实现了大豆的规模化生产与经营。目前,巴西的大豆产量、出口量仅次于美国。中国曾是世界最大的大豆生产国和出口国,近些年大豆的质量下降(品种退化,出油率低),生产成本较高,成为世界最大的大豆进口国。据此完成3~5题。
D.强大的制造能力是中国企业出口的核心竞争力
14.月饼是中国传统的节日食品,随着生活水平的提高,人们对中秋月饼的消费日益多样,除枣泥、豆沙等传统月饼外,消费者也开始购买海鲜、木瓜、冰激凌等新式月饼,多样化的月饼消费
A.取决于月饼消费观念的多样化B.导致了月饼消费结构升级
C.促进了月饼生产的多样化D.促进了月饼质量的提高
3.巴西大豆总产量增加的潜力大于美国,主要是因为巴西
A.技术力量较雄厚B.气候条件较优越
C.可开垦的土地资源较丰富D.劳动力较充足
4.在国际市场上,巴西大豆价格低于美国的主要原因是巴西
A.专业化水平较高B.科技投入较大
C.劳动生产率较高D.劳动力价格较低
5.中国要提高大豆质量需
A.加大科技投入B.扩大种植面积
日本某汽车公司在中国建有多个整车生产厂和零件生产厂。2011年3月11日东日本大地震及随后的海啸、核辐射灾难,使该公司在灾区的工厂停产。受其影响,该公司在中国的整车生产厂也被迫减产。据此完成1~2题。
1.该公司在中国建零部件生产厂,主要目的是
2009年高考湖南省试题及答案(文数)
1.How does music affect your life?Music is the universal language. Sometimes, it may communicate more clearly than words. Music can affect our physical, mental and emotional states of being. We express our thoughts and feelings through music. Music can express love, longing, happiness, unity, anger, frustration. It can make us laugh or cry. When we are down, listening to music will make us feel happy and strong.There are many kinds of music such as pop music and classical music. Personally speaking, I’m fond of pop music, because it belongs to young people. I like putting on my earphones when I’m walking on the road or doing my homework. This helps me relax myself or focus on what I’m doing. When I was in high school, there was so much pressure from study that I sometimes felt like giving up. It was music that helped me out. The appealing songs gave me strength and courage, taught me about love and dreams and accompanied me when I was at my worst. I think music has become an important part in my life. I can hardly bear a life without music.2.Talk about your favorite movie.There are many kinds of movies, such as action, documentary, crime, science fiction, cartoon, disaster, romance and so on. I like watching all kinds of them and have watched many movies. The one I will never be fed up with is “The Pursuit of Happyness”. In my eyes, it is not simply a movie but a lesson of how to stick to our dreams. The main character in the movie is Chris Gardner, a man whose wife left him leaving him struggling for a life with a little kid. He was almost broke and found a job with great difficulty. They once lost their house and had to spend nights in the subway station. Even the situation was very bad, Chris never lost his heart in future and passed his optimistic attitudes to his son. He told his son that “You got a dream, you gotta protect it. People can’t do something themselves,they wanna tell you you can’t do it. If you want something, go get it”. He finally succeeded and moved to a big house with his son. The film tells me how important it is to fight for my own dreams and never be a quitter in face of difficulties.3.As your life-long partner, what qualities do you think he or she musthave?As my life-long partner, I hope he will be honest, loyal, warm-hearted, hardworking, dutiful, responsible and capable, and most of all, he will always love me. Honesty is a basic quality, because I believe only if a man is honest can I totally depend on him. It will be miserable to live with a liar. Loyalty is necessary in marriage life. It is not easy for two persons to meet, fall in love and get married. When the passion of love decreases, loyalty is the only thing to keep them together till death do they apart. Being loyal to each other can make them trust each other unconditionally. A warm-hearted man will always be happy to help others and he willbe far away from selfishness. I don’t care if my future husband is rich or not, he must be hard-working, so we can create our happy life together. He must be dutiful, so he can take well care of our parents and set a good example for our child. A responsible and capable man will give me the sense of safety and the guarantee of a good life. As I said, the most important thing is that he must love me. Maybe he is not so handsome or always considerate, but as long as he loves me, we can overcome any difficulty in life. With love, we can accompany each other till we are too old to think, but we still can see love from each other’s eyes.4.Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of advertising.Everything has two sides, and advertising is no exception. We should see the good side of it in order to make the best of it. At the same time, we should also see the bad side of it in order to protect us from its harms.On the one hand, ads can provide a lot of information for us, telling us what new products and new opportunities are available now. Consumers can compare so as to choose the best, and it saves time and is more convenient for life. Various ads are competitions between various companies, so they can help decrease the prices and improve the quality of products. The sales promotion in ads can help companies sell more products and catch more market. As an industry, advertising offers many jobs for people and it is important to the development of some local newspapers, radio stations and TV stations because it costs a lot of money. Besides, there are many good and beautiful ads, which help us enjoy life and make the world much more beautiful.On the other hand, ads can be harmful to our life. Some fake ads cheat consumers and the products they help sell may even threaten people’s lives. Some ads are not based on the quality of the goods. They may mislead and tend to make people spend more on unnecessary things. Young people can be easily mislead by those colorful ads and tend to buy some expensive things just to show off. Ads on TV are really annoying sometimes. They often interrupt the programs we are watching and just jump out again and again. What’s worse, the ads on streets, walls and posts are a serious pollution to the living environment. The cost of ads will finally pass onto consumers, that is, we need to pay for the ads.5.Why do many people like keeping pets?Pets are playing a more and more important role in modern society. Some people keep pets because they feel lonely and need company, and pets can give them fun and comforts. Other people keep pets for security for some pets can help them keep their house safe. Still some people buy pets just to be in fashion. For example, we can always see some girls in fashionable clothes walks on the street with a cute pet walking beside them. Many pets such as dogs are intelligent and loyal. They can do many things for their masters. Finally, some people keep animals at home just out of love or pity. Their hearts are full of love, so they may keep the abandoned animals wandering on the streets.I’d like to take dogs as an example. Dogs are more loyal to their owners than other pets are. They will stay with their owners even when they are very poor. Also, dogs are more intelligent. They can carry out human instructions and perform fairly complicated functions. For example, they can be good assistants to blind people by taking care of their life. They can also be helpful to the policeman, because they can help find out drugs or look for missing people. Moreover, the dog is capable of protecting the house and its master. (It is better if you use your personal story with your pet as an example)6.Are you for or against following the fashion trend? State your reason Make reference to the opinions on P83, and hope you can develop more personal ideas.For “following the fashion trend”:I think we might as well follow fashion trends so long as we do not go to extremes. There are various reasons for people to follow fashion. To begin with, a new trend often involves new ideas, which may promote the development of human civilization. For example, when jeans and T-shirt first appeared, they might have looked strange to most observers, but later on people found them to be convenient and practical. Second, as often as not, fashion followers just need a way to show their determination to avoid tradition. Sometimes they do something different because they are not satisfied with their status or position. They want to show their difference by wearing different or even unusual dresses. The third argument I’d like to put forward is that the choice of a certain style can usually show one’s taste. We can often hear such comments as “Her dress shows a good taste”. Sometimes the fashionable clothes may give them more advantages over others in front of some opportunities. Here is my fourth reason. Some people wear fashionable, expensive clothes to show they have lots of money or are in a high position. In this way, they may feel more confident about themselves. You may not like this, but it is cruelly true that some people judge you not by your personality or intelligence, but rather by your appearance. Just as a saying goes, “Clothes make the man.” Indeed there are many reasons for us to follow fashion, though I don’t mean that we have to do it all the time.Against “following the fashion trend”:I’m against following new fashions blindly. Though some people may give various reasons for adopting new trends, I think there is more harm than good in it. First, many fashionable things are not really practical. Do you think a lady wearing high-heeled shoes can walk fast or climb a mountain? Second, most fashion trends don’t last long. What’s high fashion this year may go out of style next year. This naturally leads to my third point. Fashion causes a lot of waste. If expensive clothes are thrown away next year, it’s undoubtedly a waste of money. In my opinion, students should spend their time and money on study. By acquiring more knowledge, they will eventually prove to be more useful to society, and, in turn, they’ll be rewarded sooner or later. If students lose themselves in fashion, what they’ll suffer is not only a loss of money but also career opportunities. In western countries, a guy with his hair dyed green may find himself rejected at one job interview afteranother. I think the above arguments are enough to come to this conclusion: Don’t follow fashion blindly. The most important thing is that what you wear should fit your personality and your status, and, you should feel comfortable.7.Talk about your ideas on money.In my opinion, money is important but surely not the most important thing in our life. If we want to live, we need to have enough money to buy food, clothes, water, and electricity and so on. If we want to live a better life, we need to make more money to improve our living standards. Of course, without money, we cannot buy a lot of things, but there are many more things that cannot be bought by money. Money can buy a big comfortable house, but it cannot buy a warm loving family. Money can buy lost of delicious food, but it cannot buy a good appetite. Money can buy expensive medicine and good treatment, but it can never buy health. Money can buy a luxurious life, but it cannot buy real happiness.The way we spend money directly influences the value of money. We should spend some money in helping those who need help, such as the poor people, the old people and the homeless people. In this way, we will feel that we are needed and we can make others happy. Money is not just pieces of thin cold paper, but a symbol of care and love. Our life will become more meaningful when we see the smiles and hear thanks.8.What are the causes of crimes?Every day, there are many crimes happening in the world. We can see the news about blackmail, theft, murder, drug-trafficking, kidnapping and even terrorism. They bring great damage to our world, for some people get injured or lose some money or even their lives. It is important to find out the reasons of crimes. According to my opinion, the factors can be poverty, the gap between the rich and the poor, lack of education, emotional outbreaks (anger, hatred or jealousy) and loose law enforcement.Among these factors, the most important reason for crimes is related to money. Some people are so poor that they cannot afford basic life necessities such as food and clothes, so they choose to commit crimes to make a lot of money in a short time. Some people are just jealousy of the rich people and they have no abilities to make as much as money as they do, so they want to steal from the rich. Some people are rich enough, but they still want to have more, so they choose the wrong way just to satisfy their eagerness for more and more money. We can often see some kids stealing on the street. Most of them come from a poor family and receive poor education, so they are easily cheated by bad people and are forced to do bad things for them.If we want to eliminate crimes, the essential matter is to improve the social welfare and education levels. There is still a long way to go.9.Describe an accident or a disaster you yourself have experienced orone you have heard or heard about.The most unforgettable disaster in my mind is the Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008.I remember clearly that it happened on May 12th. It was supposed to be a common day, but the sudden disaster changed many people’s life forever. At that time, I was at school, far from Sichuan, but still I felt something. For a short moment, I just felt a little dizzy and my computer suddenly had no response. A few minutes later, I learnt from the news that there was a serious earthquake in Wenchuan. Then I called my parents and friends quickly to make sure they were all right. The following several days, all the news on TV or Internet were about the earthquake and the rescue job. The pictures showed that the situation there was very terrible. Many houses collapsed, some villages were destroyed and thousands of people lost their home as well as their families.One of my roommates comes from Sichuan, and she was so anxious after she learnt the news. What’s worse, she could not contact her families. We hugged her, comforted her and encouraged her. At last, she knew that her families were all fine and only their chimney fell down. There were student unions calling for donations everywhere on campus. And there were many students gathering on the school square who lighted candles to pray for people in disaster areas. Natural disasters are cruel, but people’s care and love can be great relief to those unfortunate people.10.W hat are you afraid of? How do you overcome your fears?When I was a child, I was afraid of many things, such as the darkness, water, insects, heights and public speaking. The shadows ahead would scare me stiff and I wouldn’t dare walk in the open field at night. I always screamed loud when an insect stopped on my clothes. I dared not go close to a swimming pool or look down from floors over five. I would even tremble and couldn’t speak a word in front of the public. With the time goes by, I gradually overcome some of them and I am dealing with the rest now. I believe I can overcome all of them. Now, I’d like to share my measures with you, and hope they can also be useful to you.First, I would write my fears down and give the reasons. When I look at what I’ve written down, I know that my fears are so ridiculous, and there is nothing to be afraid of actually. Then, I would face my fears again and again until I get used to it. Although this is really hard to do, it is indeed helpful. For example, I would observe insects closely, then I find them quite beautiful. Another efficient method is to take a deep breath and calm down, and keep telling myself “I can do it”, “I am the best”, “I am very bra ve” or “I am not a child anymore”. It can give me courage and help me overcome the nerves I feel. Besides, when I feel frightened, I’d like to do things I like to distract my attention from what I’m afraid of, such as listening to music or sing the songs aloud. Finally, I have learnt that some food such as nuts, meat and cheese can help us release our tension, but I’ve never tried.。
