专升本汉译英翻译技巧
20.河南专升本英语-翻译
八. 正反对译
例句1：活到老学到老。 翻译：It’s never too old to learn. 例句2：The examination left no doubt that the patient had died of cancer. 翻译：检查结果清清楚楚地说明病人死于癌症。
例题：新图书馆比以前的大两倍。（2015-83） The new library is twice larger than the old one. The new library is three times as large as the old one. The new library is three times the area of the old one.
六. 调整语序
例句1：他只有全神贯注地工作，才能忘记烦恼。 翻译：Only by focusing his attention on work could he forget his own troubles.
例句2：I think it is important to study independently . 翻译：我认为自主学习很重要。
4. 出现关键内容漏译，每处扣一分；出现关键词汇漏译，每处扣一分
例题1：有这么多人的关心，在国外的最初几个月里，她感到 非常幸福。（2015-83）
With so many people caring about her, she feels very happy in the first few months abroad.
因此，如果我们想用外语进行良好的沟通，我们必须理解赋予 那种语言意义的文化。
5. 内容完全错译不给分
例题1：这张照片让我想起了在上海度过的快乐时光。（2016-84） This photo…I remember…Shanghai…happy… 例题2： He spoke on behalf of all staffs of the company. （2018-89） 他说…的所有…的…
佳鑫诺_专接本_汉译英的方法和技巧
汉译英的方法和技巧词汇是语言的建筑材料，句子是语言的核心，单句汉译英试题的关键是选择恰当的词汇和句式。
词汇的选择要注意词义确切，通俗易懂，简洁有力。
句式的选择通常遵循语法原则。
1.必须采用英语的句型结构，确定译成英语的简单句，并列句或复合句。
2.确定谓语动词的时态（现在时，过去时，进行时，完成时等），语态，语气。
3.分析汉语句子的各种成分，按照英语句子的词序排列，句子排列有一条口诀：主，谓，宾（主，系，表）一条线，定语和名词近相连，不是在后就在前，状语很少在中间。
一．翻译方法1.直译例别相信他，他是个坏蛋。
Trust him nothing; he is a bad egg.他是一只披着羊皮的狼。
He is a wolf in sheep’s clothing.2.意译例我不知道他葫芦里卖的是啥药。
I don’t know what he has got up in his sleeve.不必自寻烦恼/杞人忧天。
Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it.3.直译兼意译例一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水吃。
One monk, two buckets of water; two monks, one bucket; three monks, no bucket—more hands, less work;done.豹子改不了身上的斑纹/本性难移The leopard/lepd/ can’t ch ange his spots.二．历年考题2008年81._________ (令我吃惊的是)，he passed the exam.82. Education can greatly _______（丰富你的生活）83. The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to _______（培养好的学习习惯）84. She never dreamed of ______ （被派到国外）for further study soon.85. Only when he got home ______ (才明白发生了什么)2009年76. I have a lot of trouble ______ (告诉她发生的事)77. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was _______（忙着准备考试）78. (不管你同意还是不同意) __________, we will do it in our own way.79. As far as these people are concerned, the most important thing _______ （是立刻把她送往医院）。
专升本英语英译汉技巧
专升本英语英译汉技巧English Answer：Tips for Translating English into Chinese for Undergraduate English.1. Understand the Source Text:Read the English text carefully to grasp its meaning, including the main idea, supporting points, and overall tone.Identify unfamiliar vocabulary, grammar structures, and idioms.Pay attention to the context and use of specific words to avoid misinterpretations.2. Choose Appropriate Vocabulary:Use precise and specific Chinese vocabulary to convey the exact meaning of the English text.Avoid using generic or ambiguous words that can lead to confusion.Consider the cultural context and connotations of Chinese words.3. Correct Grammar and Syntax:Follow Chinese grammar rules and syntax to ensure the translation is grammatically correct.Use appropriate punctuation, sentence structure, and verb tenses.Pay attention to the proper use of conjunctions and transition words to maintain coherence.4. Consider the Style and Tone:Preserve the style and tone of the original English text in the translation.Use formal or informal language as appropriate.Adapt the translation to suit the target audience and purpose.5. Use Translation Aids:Refer to online dictionaries, translation tools, and bilingual corpora to assist with vocabulary and grammar.Seek feedback from native Chinese speakers or experienced translators to ensure accuracy.6. Check for Accuracy:Carefully proofread the translation to check forerrors in vocabulary, grammar, and meaning.Compare the translation with the original English textto ensure it conveys the intended message.Seek feedback from others to identify any potential improvements.Chinese Answer：专升本英语英译汉技巧。
浙江专升本大学英语英译汉技巧
• 例2：The football students can be removed from the university if they fail to pass their examination.
• 作为足球运动员的学生如果考试不及格就 要被开除。
顺译法（又名句型对应法）
• 顾名思义，顺译法（句型对应法）就是按 原文句子结构的排列顺序进行翻译，这种 译法适合于原文叙述层次与汉语相近的长 句翻译，如只含名词性从句的复合句、前 置的状语从句或从句在后的长复合句等等。
• As an obedient son, I had to accept my parents’ decision that I was to be a doctor ,though the prospect interested in me not at all.
• His arrival at this conclusion was the result of much thought.
• 他得出这结论是深思熟虑的结果。
2.英语动词→汉语名词
• 有些动词在汉语里虽有相对应的动词词义， 但在某种特定的语言场合下不能使用该动 词词义，或由于需要选择另一种更好的译 文，因而将其转化为汉语的名词。如：
• 3. 表达。 考生要从内容和语言两方面来考 虑译文，尤其注意不能扭曲原意，不能错 译或漏译。
• 4. 审校。这是英汉翻译过程中必不可少的 环节。考生将自己的译文与原文进行对照， 看看译文是否忠实于原文，是否通顺易懂， 是否符合汉语规范。
二、英汉翻译的基本方法
• 直译与意译 • 直译指基本保留原有句子结构，照字面意
• 4. it 结构的语序调整：在英语里，主语可以后置，
专升本汉译英翻译技巧
In spite of/despite her parents’ strong opposition/objection
实例分析:常考结构与用法
14.______________________ _______________________ ___________(为了确保他参 加会议), I called him up in advance.
have been translated into multiple/many different languages
实例分析: （二）短语及习惯表达法
1.The finding of this study failed to _______________________ (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在 内).
实例分析:短语及习惯表达法
5. The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is____________ (与缺乏锻 炼密切相关).
• 考试目的
•
翻译题做题基本步骤
• 步骤1
• 根据汉语题干意思确定句型、句子基本结构， 特别是是否需要倒装等。此外，还需要注意修饰 成分（定、状、补）的位置以及核心语法（虚拟 语气、比较状语从句、倒装句、非谓语动词、时 态、语态等）。
翻译题做题基本步骤
• 步骤2
• 确定译文的选词、词序等的组织与表达。此 处要注意词语以及重点短语结构的选取。考生需 要熟悉掌握考试大纲所要求的全部单词词组。
实例分析:常考结构与用法
17. Fred bought a car last week. It is______________________ (比我的车便宜一千英镑).
英译汉-汉译英翻译技巧
英译汉-汉译英翻译技巧英译汉技巧一、英译汉翻译的基本程序1.通读并透彻理解原文。
翻译之前仔细研读原文，解决好“翻译什么”的问题。
边读边琢磨，确切理解原文所述事物本身的含义与之相关的外延联想，如原句的中心意思是什么，有没有褒贬义或寓意，对其中的修饰语的把握等。
2. 组织语言。
考生要根据上下文的语境选择适当的词汇和表达手段。
3. 表达。
考生要从内容和语言两方面来考虑译文，尤其注意不能扭曲原意，不能错译或漏译。
4. 审校。
这是英汉翻译过程中必不可少的环节。
考生将自己的译文与原文进行对照，看看译文是否忠实于原文，是否通顺易懂，是否符合汉语规范。
二、英汉翻译的基本方法1. 直译与意译直译指基本保留原有句子结构，照字面意思翻译；意译是在不损害原文内容和精神的前提下，为了表达的需要，对原文做相应的调整。
如：Good marriage doesn’t just happen. They take a lot of love and a lot of work.Good marriage doesn’t just happen. They take a lot of love and a lot of work.直译：好的婚姻不会仅仅发生—它们需要大量的爱和大量的工作。
意译：幸福的婚姻不是凭空发生的---它需要你为它付出大量的爱和做大量的工作。
或：美满的婚姻不会从天上掉下来---你必须为它付出大量的爱，做大量的工作。
很显然，本句话的意译要比直译更符合汉语表达习惯。
当然，一句话并不限于一种译法，要根据具体需要而定。
一般来说，在英汉翻译考试中，如果直译能达意就用直译，如果直译效果不好，就应该考虑意译。
只要译文内容忠实，意思明白就行了。
2. 顺译法（又名句型对应法）顾名思义，顺译法（句型对应法）就是按原文句子结构的排列顺序进行翻译，这种译法适合于原文叙述层次与汉语相近的长句翻译，如只含名词性从句的复合句、前置的状语从句或从句在后的长复合句等等。
专升本翻译常见句型结构
专升本翻译1、基本及特殊句型2、各种从句（引导词的特殊用法）3、重要单词及词组4、主动句与被动句的互译一、专升本翻译常考句型总结及练习1、in order to \ so as to3、so…that\Such….that4、would rather do…than do5、prefer doing to doing6、prefer to do…rather than do7、not only…but also他不仅乐于接受别人的观点，而且也很耐心。
（08）Not only did Mike learn the Chinese language, but also bridge the gap between his culture and ours. (08)成功不仅取决于个人能力，而且取决于合作的意愿。
（04）Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. (04 英)8、either…or9、neither…nor10. as well as11.倍数的翻译（1）as…as这口钟大约有三个人那么高。
（2003）（2）数字+times as +形原型+as +比较对象。
太阳的大小是地球的33万倍。
This year the factory spends five times as much money in developing new products as it did five years ago. (08)（3）数字+times + 形比较级+than（4）increase to\ byreduce\ decrease to\ by12、one…the other13、some…others\ other+名14、make+名+形\名15、not…until16、as if17、it is no use\good (in) doing…18、感官动feel \think \make\ let \have + it + 形+ to do \ that19、it is + 时间段+ since …20、it is + 时间点+ when…21、it will be + 时间+ before22、it is ….that \ who(强调结构)23、it is + 名\形(+ for sb) + that \ to doIt is obvious that the development of science and technology is vital to the modernization of China. (06)It is self-evident that the development of science and technology is vital to the modernization of China. (04 英)It is useful to be able to predict the extent to which a price change will affect supply and demand. (05)In Britain today it is easier for young people to commit crimes because they have more freedom to go where they like and more money to do what they like. (03)24、it is up to sb + to do sth\句子25、be used to + 名\动名词used to do26、the +形or副比较级+主+谓+其他，the +形or副比较级+主+谓+其他.27、more and more + 形\ 副原型28、it is …time that +从句（虚拟）29、it is said that…it is hoped thatit is reported that…It is estimated that about 80% of the world’s population cannot afford to have proper food, housing or medical care. (09)30、whether …or (not)Whether we like it or not, the world we live in has changed a great deal in the last hundred years. (07)It won’t make much difference whether you leave or stay. (05)31、as far as …is concernedbe worth doing就这个方法本身而言，它值得一试。
浙江专升本英译中技巧总结
英译中翻译技巧一、翻译总的原则1. 表达应建立在理解的基础上。
2．翻译时既要忠实于原文，又要符合汉语的习惯。
3．翻译不可太拘泥于原文的形式。
二、翻译技巧1．词法翻译1.1增词译法为使译文在语法、语言形式上符合译文习惯和在文化背景、词语联想方面与原文一致起来，使得译文在与原文在内容、形式和精神等三方面都对等起来，需在原文的基础上添加必要的词、词组、分句或完整句。
e.g. 1) They were frank and candid with each other in a relaxed way.译文：他们相互之间开诚布公、直言不讳而且气氛十分轻松。
2)Suppose the preparatory work should not be completed.译文：准备工作完成不了，那可怎么办？3)Our rushing is understandable, but costly.译文：人们的忙碌是可以理解的，但是为此付出的代价却是昂贵的。
试比较：1) 他喜欢指出别人的缺点，但用意是好的。
译文：He likes to point out other people’s shortcomin gs, but he means well.(增加主语)2)屋里准有人，我听见有人声。
译文：There must be someone in the room, for I heard a voice. (增加连接词)说明：增词译法在英译汉中主要是添加原文中虽无形式却意在其中的成分；在汉译英中一般是增添原文中为了语言简洁而被省去的成分如，主语、宾语、物主代词、连接词、介词等1.2减词译法就是把原文中需要的译文中不需要的词、词组等在翻译时加以省略，以适应译文语法和习惯表达法的需要。
e.g. 1)One must make painstaking effort before one could succeed in mastering aforeign language.(省略主语)译文：要掌握一门外语，非下苦功不可。
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考试简介
• 考试形式
• 汉译英 (CБайду номын сангаасinese-English Translation) 部分 共5个句子，一句一题，句长为20词左右。句中 的一部分已用英文给出，要求考生根据全句意思 将汉语部分译成英语。译文须符合英语的语法结 构和表达习惯，用词准确。
考试简介
• 考试形式
• 英译汉（English -Chinese Translation）部 分采用一篇300词左右的短文，要求考生将文中 划线的五个句子译成汉语，译文须忠实原文，语 言通顺、流畅。 主要测试学生理解、表达和实际应用能力。
实例分析:常考结构与用法
3. In my sixties, one change I notice is that ________________ (我比以 前更容易累了).
I feel/get tired more easily than before
实例分析:常考结构与用法
4. I am going to purchase this course, _______________________ (无论我要做出什么样的牺 牲).
实例分析:短语及习惯表达法
3. ____________________ (多 亏了一系列的新发明)， doctors can treat this disease successfully.
Thanks/Due to series of new inventions
实例分析:短语及习惯表达法
3. Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research _________ .（能 应用于新技术的开发）
no matter what sacrifice I am going to make/ whatever sacrifice I will make/no matter how much I would sacrify
实例分析:常考结构与用法
5. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life ______________ (是 用他们能够借到多少来衡 量的)，not how much they can earn. is measured by how much they can borrow
实例分析:常考结构与用法
16. Although he was interested in philosophy, _____________________ (他的父亲说服他) majoring in law.
his father persuaded/ talked him into majoring in law
nothing is more attractive to me than reading
实例分析:常考结构与用法
2.To make donations or for more information, please _______________________ (按以下地址和我们联系).
contact us at the following address
大学生音乐节 college music festivals 企业 enterprise 校园音乐 campus music
专升本考试翻译解题技巧 及专项训练 (汉译英)
考试简介
• 考试要求
• 翻译（Translation）部分测试考生的语言理解和 书面表达能力。翻译部分共10题，汉译英和英译 汉各5题，共30分，其中汉译英15分，英译汉15 分，考试时间为30分钟。
实例分析:常考结构与用法
6. I can’t boot my computer now. Something __________ （一定出了毛病）with its operating system.
must be wrong/out of control
实例分析:常考结构与用法
7. _________（与我成长的地 方相比）, this town is more prosperous and exciting.
实例分析:短语及习惯表达法
5. The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is____________ (与缺乏锻 炼密切相关).
翻译题做题基本步骤
• 步骤3
• 检查。一定要对照原文，首先检查译文是否 正确表达了汉语题干的内容，是否有错译和漏译； 其次，检查是否有语言或语法上的明显错误，如： 时态、语态、单复数、拼写等。
易考点
结构与用法
短语及习 惯表达法
定语从句
名词性从句
虚拟语气
实例分析:（一）常考结构与用法
1. Since my childhood I have found that___________________ _______________________ (没有什么比读书对我更有 吸引力).
decided to start their own business
实例分析:短语及习惯表达法
4. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are____________ (更有可 能增加体重).
more likely to put on weight
To ensure that he would attend the meeting
实例分析:常考结构与用法
15. The magnificent museum ___________________ (据说建成于) about a hundred years ago.
is said to have been built
实例分析:常考结构与用法
12. We look forward to __________________ (被邀 请出席开幕式).
being invited to attend the opening ceremony.
实例分析:常考结构与用法
13. The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own __________________ (不顾 她父母的强烈反对).
have been translated into multiple/many different languages
实例分析: （二）短语及习惯表达法
1.The finding of this study failed to _______________________ (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在 内).
could be applied to the development of the new technology
实例分析:短语及习惯表达法
3. Through the project, many people have received training and _______________________ ______(决定自己创业)
take people’s sleep quality into account
实例分析:短语及习惯表达法
2.Because of the leg injury, the athlete ______________________ (决定退出比赛).
decided to quit the match
实例分析:常考结构与用法
17. Fred bought a car last week. It is______________________ (比我的车便宜一千英镑).
£1,000 cheaper than mine
实例分析:常考结构与用法
18. This TV program is quite boring. We ______________(不妨听听 音乐)
In spite of/despite her parents’ strong opposition/objection
实例分析:常考结构与用法
14.______________________ _______________________ ___________(为了确保他参 加会议), I called him up in advance.
Compared with the place where I grew up
实例分析:常考结构与用法
8. You’d better take a sweater with you ______________________ (以防天气变冷)
in case it turns cold
实例分析:常考结构与用法
• 考试目的
•
翻译题做题基本步骤
• 步骤1
• 根据汉语题干意思确定句型、句子基本结构， 特别是是否需要倒装等。此外，还需要注意修饰 成分（定、状、补）的位置以及核心语法（虚拟 语气、比较状语从句、倒装句、非谓语动词、时 态、语态等）。
翻译题做题基本步骤
• 步骤2
• 确定译文的选词、词序等的组织与表达。此 处要注意词语以及重点短语结构的选取。考生需 要熟悉掌握考试大纲所要求的全部单词词组。
might as well listen to the music
实例分析:常考结构与用法
19. This TV program is quite boring. We ______________(不妨听听 音乐)
might as well listen to the music
实例分析:常考结构与用法
difficulty (in) catching up with his classmates