2015年高中英语阅读理解 第三部分 名人故事(五)练习

2015年高中英语阅读理解 第三部分 名人故事(五)练习
2015年高中英语阅读理解 第三部分 名人故事(五)练习

第三部分名人故事(五)

21. Albert Einstein, a Great Scientific Thinker

艾伯特?爱因斯坦—伟大的科学思想家

艾伯特?爱因斯坦,举世闻名的德裔美国科学家,现代物理学的开创者和奠基人。爱因斯坦的狭义相对论成功地揭示了能量与质量之间的关系,解决了长期存在的恒星能源来源的难题。近年来发现越来越多的高能物理现象,狭义相对论已成为解释这种现象的一种最基本的理论工具。其广义相对论也解决了一个天文学上多年的不解之谜,并推断出后来被验证了s的光线弯曲现象,还成为后来许多天文概念的理论基础。大大推动了现代天文学的发展。

Albert Einstein (1879-1955) was one of the greatest and most original scientific thinkers of all time.

Born of Jewish parents at Ulm in Germany, he completed his education in Switzerland and got his Ph. D. at the University of Zurich. He went to live in the United States in 1933 because of the rise of Nazism in Germany and Hitler’s persecution of the Jews.

In 1905, while still at Zurich, he published his Special Theory of Relativity, which was based on things everyone may have noticed. If two trains are standing alongside each other and one train starts to move, a person sitting in the train may wonder whether his own train is moving or the other is moving, and before he finds out what is happening, he can see that one train is moving relative to the other. From this and also from other more complicated facts, Einstein came to the conclusion that all motion is relative and that there is really no such thing as absolute motion. Some of the other conclusions he drew are that nothing can go faster than light, and that if something such as a ruler was moving faster and faster it would seem to get shorter and shorter as its speed was near the speed of light. By 1915, Einstein had made known his General Theory of Relativity. He also improved on Newton’s theory of gravity. Most o f his theories have been tested and found to be true though some may sound strange. For his important work he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics.

Towards the end of his life, Einstein was asked by a group of students to explain his complicated Theory of Relativity. He said, “When you sit with a pretty girl for an hour, it seems like a minute; but when you sit on a hot stove for a minute, it seems like an hour. That is relativity.”

Comprehension Questions:

C. still in Switzerland at the age of twenty-six.

D. still at the University of Zurich at the age of thirty-six.

3. One of the conclusions drawn by Einstein is that ______

A. planes can go faster than trains and buses.

B. people couldn't run as fast as vehicles.

C. light goes the fastest of all things.

D. two trains can never go at the same time.

4. Einstein added that if something such as a ruler was moving, it would seem to get shorter and shorter ______

A. because the ruler itself was short.

B. when it was moving faster and faster.

C. because we can't see it clearly.

D. because the ruler was broken into pieces.

5. Albert Einstein was world-famous for his ______

A. Special Theory of Relativity.

B. General Theory of Relativity.

C. improving on Newton’s theory of gravity.

D. all his work mentioned above.

(DCCBD)

22. Madame Curie, the First Winner of Two Nobel Prizes

居里夫人—第一位两次诺贝尔奖获得者

居里夫人,波兰裔法国籍女物理学家、放射化学家。一位影响过世界进程、伟大无私而又谦逊质朴的女性;在科学探索中坚毅刻苦、锲而不舍并取得卓越非凡功绩的人;第一位两次诺贝尔奖获得者;原子能时代的开创者之一。1903年和丈夫皮埃尔·居里及亨利·贝克勒尔共同获得了诺贝尔物理学奖,1911年又因放射化学方面的成就获得诺贝尔化学奖。

with another scientist, metallic radium. For this she received the 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. So she was the first to get a second Nobel Prize. Comprehension Questions:

1. Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? ______

A. Madame Curie was a chemist and physicist.

B. Warsaw is the capital of Poland.

C. It was Marie’s father who had her interested in science.

D. Marie Curie and Pierre Curie studied at the Sorbonne.

2. According to Marie Curie’s report in 1898, ______

A. there was a new powerful radioactive element existing in some metal.

B. the two elements polonium and radium existed in pitchblende ores.

C. some new powerful radioactive elements might exist in pitchblende ores.

D. she had found out the nature of uranium.

3. The 1930 Nobel Prize for Physics was given to ______

A. Madams Curie.

B. Pierre Curie.

C. the Curies.

D. the Curies and Becquerel.

4. After husb and’s death, Madame Curie ______

A. succeeded in becoming a professor of physics at Sorbonne.

B. took his place and became a professor of physics at the Sorbonne.

C. was a successful professor of physics at the Sorbonne.

D. was successful as a professor of chemistry at the Sorbonne.

5. Madame Curie was the first to ______

A. get a second Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

B. win the Nobel Prize as a woman.

C. win a second Nobel Prize.

D. discover radioactivity.

(DCDBC)

23. Abraham Lincoln, the 16th American President

亚伯拉罕?林肯—美国第16任总统

already left the Union; four more states would soon follow them. The start of the Civil War was only weeks away.

Many people doubted Lincoln's ability to pull the Union together. He was then just a country lawyer. He had only a few years of schooling, and he had served one term in Congress. His only real fame came from a serious of debates over slavery. Lincoln's firm stand against slavery helped him win the Republican nomination for president.

Lincoln did keep the Union together by the only way possible---winning the war. He slowly built the North's army into a powerful fighting force. By such acts as freeing the slaves, Lincoln won wide support.

In 1865, he began his second term. He hoped to bring the South back into the Union without bitterness on either side. Six weeks later, he was murdered, his great task still unfinished.

The following is detailed information about Lincoln’s death.

On April 14th, after a very busy day, the President and his wife went to see the performance of a play at Ford’s Theater in Washington.

In an inn near the theater was a 25-year-old unsuccessful actor named John Wilkes Booth. He was a supporter of the defeated South. As the play was going to start again after the interval, Booth entered the theater and walked slowly towards the President’s box and opened the door. The sound of a shot broke in and Booth leaped from the box onto the stage and hurried out through an exit door. Smoke was seen coming from the President’s box and the theater was filled with shouting, madly excited people. Soldiers hurried in to clear the building, and Lincoln, shot through the head, was carried unconscious to a house across the road from the theater, and laid on the bed. He never recovered consciousness and died next morning. Comprehension Questions:

1. From the passage we know that James Buchanan was probably ______

A. Lincoln's political enemy.

B. one of Lincoln's neighbors.

C. the 15th American President.

D. a minister of the White House.

4. Lincoln's firm stand against slavery ______

A. made it possible for him to be elected President.

B. made the Southern slave owners give up theirs.

C. provided him with a chance to win the war.

D. helped build up an army of his own.

5. Lincoln's leading achievement as President was that ______

A. he worked for the people heart and soul.

B. he was firmly against slavery.

C. he reunited the nation and did away with slavery.

D. he was a warm-hearted and honest man.

(CBBAC)

24. Beethoven And His Moonlight Sonata

贝多芬和他的《月光鸣奏曲》

路德维希?凡?贝多芬(1770-1827),德国最伟大的音乐家之一。出生于德国波恩的平民家庭,很早就显露了音乐才能,八岁开始登台演出。1792年到维也纳深造,艺术上突飞猛进。贝多芬信仰共和,崇尚英雄,创作了大量充满时代气息的优秀作品,如:交响曲《英雄》、《命运》;序曲《哀格蒙特》;钢琴奏鸣曲《悲怆》、《月光曲》、《暴风雨》、《热情》等等。晚年虽然耳聋但依旧坚持创作。贝多芬集古典音乐的大成,同时开辟了浪漫时期音乐的道路,对世界音乐的发展有着举足轻重的作用,被尊称为“乐圣”。

One moonlight evening Beethoven was walking in a street when he suddenly stopped outside a little house. “What is that? It is form my Sonata in F. How well it is played!”

Following a sudden break came the voice of sobbing. “I can’t play any more.

This piece of music is so difficult to play. How I wish I could hear Beethoven himself play it!”

“Ah, my sister, but we are so poor, ”said a young man. “And the ticket to the concert is too expensive.”

Listening silently, the young man laid away his work. The girl, with her head bent slightly forward, and her hands pressed tightly over her breast, sat silently near the piano, lost in thought…

The brother and sister were fully attracted by the music. They both lost themselves in it.

Beethoven rushed to the place there he was staying and spent a whole night writing down the piece of music he had played at the blind girl’s house. That was the origin of the Moonlight Sonata.

Comprehension Questions:

1. The girl was playing ______ one evening.

A. the violin

B. the Moonlight Sonata

C. a piece composed by herself

D. a piece composed by Beethoven

2. From the story we know that the girl ______

A. was a musician.

B. liked singing.

C. loved music.

D. could not see or hear.

3. How did the girl learn to play? ______

A. She learned to play form Beethoven.

B. She learned to play by listening to a neighbor play.

C. She was taught to play by a woman teacher.

D. She learned to play form her brother.

4. Beethoven composed the Moonlight Sonata ______

A. on a night with the moonlight shining brightly.

B. when he was walking in a street.

C. on a dark evening without moonlight.

D. before he met the blind young girl.

5. Beethoven played the Moonlight Sonata ______

A. to the young man.

B. to the moon.

C. to the blind young girl.

D. at a concert.

(DCBAC)

\

For the first 19 months of her life, Helen Keller (1880-1968) was like other happy babies in every way. Then a sudden illness injured her eyes and ears. From then on, she could neither see nor hear. She did not even learn to talk when other children did.

Think what that would be like! Such a world was full of darkness. You could not see all kinds of flowers and animals. You would not hear songs of a friend’s voice. You would not know what your friend looked like. This was Helen’s world --- still and dark.

There seemed to be no way to teach Helen. For a long time her parents did not know what to do for her. And then, when she was six years old, they sent for a teacher with the name Anne Sullivan, who was almost blind herself. She felt she could help Helen to learn to live like other children.

Anne found it hard to teach Helen. The child was a wild thing! She cried and shouted in a strange voice. She always acted like a young animal, rushing around, throwing things, and hitting anyone she could reach. Indeed, this was a very

difficult pupil for the young teacher. However, Anne was clever. And, in the end Helen came to love her.

Anne began teaching with a kind of spelling that used the sense of touch. Several times each day, she would draw the letters of a word on Keller’s hand. Then she would put in the child’s hand the thing which was named by the word. A few weeks later Keller knew more than 100 words. As time went on, with Anne’s help, she could give talks and write books. Helen had grown to be a clever, busy woman. The wild young child had come to a long way!

Comprehension Questions:

1. Helen Keller could not see or hear because ______

A. her parents themselves could not see or hear.

B. she was born blind and deaf.

C. her eyes and ears were injured by a sudden disease.

D. there was nothing to see or hear around her.

2. At first, because she couldn’t see or hear, Helen did not learn to ______

A. talk.

B. walk.

C. eat.

D. shout.

3. Helen was a very difficult pupil for the young teacher because ______

A. Anne was blind, too.

B. Anne was not strict with the child.

C. the child could not speak or hear.

D. the child was so wild.

高考英语阅读理解练习题集(附答案)

高考阅读理解技巧 一、阅读理解题选材 高考阅读理解题选材,一般遵循三个原则: 1. 文章一般为3篇(含信息匹配题),阅读量在1100单词左右; 2. 题材广泛,包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容; 3. 体裁多样,包括记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文、应用文等。 二、英语阅读文体类型 学会分析体裁的能力对我们做好阅读理解来说是非常重要的。由于不同的文体有不同的段落组织方式和脉络层次,所以我们可以根据这种特点来快速分析文章的体裁: ●记叙文往往按时间顺序展开段落,文章有明显表示时间先后的词语。阅读时抓住时间这条主线,弄清who、 what、where、why与how。文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法,快速抓住文中描写的主要内容,从整体上去把握文章的连贯性,进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。 ●描写文通过细节的描写以画面的方式来反应事物的特征、性质。对这种文章要迅速弄清其主题,主题词往往出 现在各个句子里,贯穿文章的始末;紧围绕这个主题进行阅读,找到文章与之有关的信息,并确定信息与主题的关系。 ●说明文用以解释或揭示事物的状态、特征、演变、结果及其相互之间的关系,这类文体的文章,首句往往是主 题句,开门见山,说明文章的关注对象:弄清作者的思路和段落组织的方式;把握次要信息及其与主题的关系。 英语说明文的总体结构通常为三部份,说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。常见的说明方法: 1,定义与诠释说明; 2,举例与引用说明; 3,分类与图表说明; 4,比较与比喻说明; 5,分析与综合说明; 就高考英语说明文的阅读而言,首先要抓住文章说明的要点,也就是要抓住被说明对象的实质性特征;弄清作者从哪个角度、哪个层面开始说明;并明白文章最后的说明结论。高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的写作手法、说明方法,理清短文结构及段落中心思想是答题关键。 ●议论文通常为三段式,即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点,然后通过一定论据 从各个层面上加以推理论证,最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此,遇到议论文体时,应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨,弄清作者的观点。一般来说,作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出,接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证,最后为结论。还应注意的是:在对论点论证的过程中,每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。 就议论文而言,其论证的常见结构方式有: 1,总分式总---分;分----总;总----分---总; 2,并列式几个论据之间属于平等关系; 3,递进式几个论据之间属于递进关系; 4,对照式把两种事物加以对比,以彰显其中一种。 ●应用文属于实用型文体,如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解,弄清 作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法,力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。

五年级阅读理解练习题

五年级阅读理解练习题(附答案) 《》 1小群是个双目失明、失去母亲的苦孩子。他非常热爱这个世界,这都因为父亲就是小群的眼睛。 2很小的时候,父亲让小群触摸柔软的凉凉的东西,说:“这是水,可以流动,长江、黄河和大海都是这样的水组成的,水多了便浩荡奔腾,可以发出震耳欲聋的声音。”不久,小群真的由父亲和父亲的一位朋友带到海边去玩,父亲还教会了小群游泳。 3难度最大的是向小群解说颜色。小群生下来就面对着一个黑暗的世界,怎么让他理解这个世界的五光十色呢?比方给他解释红色:太阳就是红色的,它发光,能把黑夜变成白昼;它发热,在寒冷的冬天也能把人晒暖和。“我懂了,”小群说,“红色就是让人感到光亮和温暖!”“不全对。”父亲细致地解析,“血也是红色的,但它不会发出什么光来;人血也是温热的,鱼血却是冷的,但鱼血也是红色的。红色并不总同光和热联系在一起。”小群困惑了起来。父亲再作耐心的解析:“发热发光的是太阳,而不是红色;只是太阳能发光发热,同时又是红色的。红色只不过是有视力的人看到的一种颜色。”经过这样的循循善诱,小群才逐渐有所领悟。 以后,(虽然 )父亲也这样反复地给小群讲解天空的蓝色,大地的黄色,作物的绿色,(但是 )小群却对同光和热有点联的红色情有独钟。 4渐渐地,小群觉得世界( 不是 )陌生黑暗的,(而

是 )熟悉多彩的。他懂得世界上有许多用不着看便能感受的事情。可是有一次,小群真生父亲的气了。那次,小群让父亲买个红色的米老鼠书包,当书包买回来小群背着上学的时候,一位阿姨赞赏地对小群说:“小群这个绿色书包可真漂亮!”小群回家便对父亲喊:“爸爸,我让您给我买红书包,您怎么给我买绿色的呢?您知道我看不见便骗我!”说着,小群便哭了起来。 5父亲听了,愣住了,半天没吱声,过了好一会儿才为小群擦眼泪,说:“爸爸对不起你,小群……那天买书包时售货员说只剩一个米老鼠的书包,所以绿的也买下了……小群,爸爸是爱你的。”小群感到爸爸用他那慈爱的大手抚摸着自己的脸庞和头发,小群就在那一刻理解了爱! 6时光就这样慢慢地流过,小群读书的成绩越来越好,当小群学会了按摩、能够自食其力的时候,父亲却突发脑溢血去世了。父亲的匆匆离去让小群痛不欲生。小群想,今后谁还能做自己的眼睛呢? 7然而,就在给父亲开追悼会的时候,小群听到了一句话,这句话犹如红太阳的光芒照亮了小群的一生。一位叔叔在追悼父亲时说:“他从来没有放弃过追求和奋斗,他对身边的人充满爱心,作为一位双目失明的人,他让我们每一个结识他的人都从他身上汲取了力量和勇气……” 8就在这一刹那,父亲对生活、对自己的那份热爱和勇气仿佛一下子全贯注在了自己的身上。“父亲呀,”他默默地祈祷,“我会长出一双明亮的眼睛的,就在我的心上!”

提高高中生英语阅读能力的几点策略

提高高中生英语阅读能 力的几点策略 Document number:NOCG-YUNOO-BUYTT-UU986-1986UT

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