2019年高考英语真题汇总附带解析

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷Ⅰ) 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.

答案是C。

1．Where does this conversation take place?

A．In a classroom.B．In a hospital.

C．In a museum.

2．What does Jack want to do?

A．Take fitness classes.

B．Buy a pair of gym shoes.

C．Change his work schedule.

3．What are the speakers talking about?

A．What to drink. B．Where to meet.

C．When to leave.

4．What is the relationship between the speakers?

A．Colleagues. B．Classmates.

C．Strangers.

5．Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?

A．She might want a ticket.

B．She is looking for the man.

C．She has an extra ticket.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．How long did James run his business?

A．10 years. B．13 years.

C．15 years.

7．How does the woman feel about James' situation? A．Embarrassed. B．Concerned. C．Disappointed.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8．What has Kate's mother decided to do?

A．Return to school. B．Change her job. C．Retire from work.

9．What did Kate's mother study at college?

A．Oil painting. B．Art history. C．Business administration.

10．What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision? A．Disapproving. B．Ambiguous. C．Understanding.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11．What is the man doing?

A．Chairing a meeting.

B．Hosting a radio program.

C．Conducting a job interview.

12．What benefits Mary most in her job?

A．Her wide reading. B．Her leaders' guidance. C．Her friends' help.

13．Who will Mary talk about next?

A．Her teacher. B．Her father.

C．Her mother.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14．Why does the man seldom do exercise?

A．He lacks motivation. B．He has a heart problem. C．He works all the time.

15．What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?

A．He's an athlete. B．He's a researcher. C．He's a journalist.

16．Why does the woman speak of a study?

A．To encourage the man.

B．To recommend an exercise.

C．To support her findings.

17．How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?

A．300 minutes. B．150 minutes.

C．75 minutes.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18．What did the scientists do to the road?

A．They repaired it. B．They painted it.

C．They blocked it.

19．Why are young birds drawn to the road surface?

A．It's warm. B．It's brown.

C．It's smooth.

20．What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment?

A．To keep the birds there for a whole year.

B．To help students study the birds well.

C．To prevent the birds from being killed.

答案：1－5BABCA6－10CBACC11－15BACAB

16－20ACBAC

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Need a Job This Summer?

The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.

Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.

Jobs for Youth

If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.

Who is eligible：Youth 15-18 years old in select communities (社区)．

Summer Company

Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3，000 to start and run their own summer businesses.

Who is eligible：Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.

Stewardship Youth Ranger Program

You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.

Who is eligible：Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.

Summer Employment Opportunities (机会)

Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.

Who is eligible：Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.

【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了省政府及其合作者提供的面向学生的四则暑期工作公告。

21．What is special about Summer Company?

A．It requires no training before employment.

B．It provides awards for running new businesses.

C．It allows one to work in the natural environment.

D．It offers more summer job opportunities.

解析：选B。细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Summer Company可定位到第二则暑期工作公告。浏览四则工作公告可发现，只有Summer Company部分中提到了awards“奖励”以及$3，000这样的字眼。由此可知，Summer Company的特别之处在于B项“它为经营新业务提供奖励”。

22．What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?

A．15-18.B．15-24.

C．15-29. D．16-17.

解析：选D。细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Stewardship Youth Ranger Program可定位到第三则暑期工作公告。根据本部分中的关键信息句“Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知，这个项目的年龄要求是16岁或17岁，且在今年12月31日前不能满18岁。故选D。

23．Which program favors the disabled?

A．Jobs for Youth.

B．Summer Company.

C．Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.

D．Summer Employment Opportunities.

解析：选D。细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词the disabled (残疾人)可定位到最后一则暑期工作公告中的“persons with a disability”，两者属于典型的同义词替换。这个项目对残疾人在年龄方面给予了特别照顾。故选D。

B

For Canaan Elementary's second grade in Patchogue，N.Y., today is speech day, and right now it's Chris Palaez's turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.

But he's nervous. “I'm here to tell you today why you should ... should ...”Chris trips on the “-ld，” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “... V ote for ... me ...”Except for some stumbles. Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.

A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls (回想起) how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.

Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains, “especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say，‘I don't know, but I want to know.’”

Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves.

“Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities，” Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小学教师Whaley通过组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信的教学实践。

24．What made Chris nervous?

A．Telling a story. B．Making a speech.

C．Taking a test. D．Answering a question.

解析：选B。细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词nervous可定位到第二段第一句。根据第一段中“... today is speech day, and right now it's Chris Palaez's turn.”和“... he seems like the

kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.”可知，今天是演讲日，现在轮到了Chris，虽然他看起来像那种喜欢在公共场合讲话的孩子，但是他很紧张。由此可知，演讲使Chris紧张。

25．What does the underlined word “stumbles” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Improper pauses. B．Bad manners.

C．Spelling mistakes. D．Silly jokes.

解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据第二段中“you should ... should ...”以及“... V ote for ... me ...”这样的语句特点可知，Chris的演讲不流畅，也就是说有不适当的停顿。这是他表现不好的地方，与划线词后的句意“他完成得非常好”构成转折关系，与短语“except for”相呼应。

26．We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to

________．

A．help students see their own strengths

B．assess students' public speaking skills

C．prepare students for their future jobs

D．inspire students' love for politics

解析：选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves.”可知，Whaley创办这个项目的目的不仅仅是让学生学会阅读和在公共场合演讲，他还希望学生学会自夸。A项意为“帮助学生看到自己的长处”，与原文意思相符。

27．Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?

A．Humorous. B．Ambitious.

C．Caring. D．Demanding.

解析：选C。推理判断题。文章介绍了Whaley老师通过创办“总统竞选项目”，组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信；根据第二段中的“His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.”和“... Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise.”等细节亦可看出Whaley 老师是一个关心学生的人。

长难句：Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.

译文：有一天，惠利问孩子们，如果他们认为自己永远成不了总统的话就举手，于是他想到了这个二年级的总统竞选项目。

分析：本句是一个主从复合句。when至句末是when引导的时间状语从句，从句中又含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。

C

As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric (生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.

Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device (装置) that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.

It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.

In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.

【解题导语】本文是一篇科研报道。来自佐治亚理工学院的研究人员发明了一种智能键盘，可以通过分析用户的打字模式来判断该用户是不是安全访客。

28．Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?

A．To reduce pressure on keys.

B．To improve accuracy in typing.

C．To replace the password system.

D．To cut the cost of e-space protection.

解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device (装置) that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard.”以及第一段最后一句“At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.”可知，研究者研发这种智能键盘是为了降低网络安全保护技术的成本。注意题干、正确选项以及原文中一些词汇的呼应现象：develop与come up with是同义词；expensive与low-cost是反义词；cut the cost 与low-cost相呼应。

29．What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?

A．Computers are much easier to operate.

B．Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.

C．Typing patterns vary from person to person.

D．Data security measures are guaranteed.

解析：选C。推理判断题。题干问的是“是什么让智能键盘的发明成为可能”，也就是问这一发明的核心依据是什么。根据第二段中“These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities ...”可知，正是因为每个人的打字模式不同，这种智能键盘就可以通过分析用户的打字力度及节奏等来判断该用户是不是安全访客。故选C。

30．What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?

A．It'll be environment-friendly.

B．It'll reach consumers soon.

C．It'll be made of plastics.

D．It'll help speed up typing.

解析：选B。细节理解题。根据题干“研究者对于智能键盘有什么期望”可定位到文章最后一句“The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.”，该团队希望在不久的将来将智能键盘推向市场。题干中的expect与原文中的hope呼应；B项中的consumers与market呼应。故选B。

31．Where is this text most likely from?

A．A diary. B．A guidebook.

C．A novel. D．A magazine.

解析：选D。文章出处题。根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及第二段中“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device ...”，尤其根据其中的关键词“researchers，low-cost device”等推断，文章是一篇科研报道，最有可能出现在杂志上。故选D。

长难句1：This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.

译文：这款智能键盘可精确测量使用者的打字节奏和手指施加在每个按键上的压力。

分析：本句是一个复合句。and连接两个并列的宾语成分，名词the cadence后是“介词＋

which”引导的定语从句；名词the pressure后的定语从句省略了引导词that/which。

长难句2：Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.

译文：因此，这种键盘能够确定人们的身份，进而确定他们是否应该被授予权限使用所连接的计算机——不管他们是否输入了正确的密码。

分析：本句是一个主从复合句。whether they should be given access to至句末是whether 引导的宾语从句，作determine的宾语；it's connected to是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰the computer；whether someone gets the password right是whether引导的宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。

D

During the rosy years of elementary school (小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.

Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers. The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence：status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.

Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior”．In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys (调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”

Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.

In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion：Not only is

likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage，” he said.

【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章从社会心理学视角讨论青少年小学与中学阶段的成长经历，论述了个体受欢迎程度这一青少年心理健康话题。

32．What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?

A．Unkind. B．Lonely.

C．Generous. D．Cool.

解析：选C。推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词early years of elementary school可定位到第一段第一句中“During the rosy years of elementary school (小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, ...”，根据句意和sharing可推知，作者上小学的时候是一个慷慨大方的人。故选C。

33．What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A．The classification of the popular.

B．The characteristics of adolescents.

C．The importance of interpersonal skills.

D．The causes of dishonorable behavior.

解析：选A。段落大意题。根据第二段主题句“Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers.”可知，受欢迎的人被分为两类：受人喜欢的人和追求地位的人；接着第三、四句分别描述了两类受欢迎的人的特征。故选A。

34．What did Dr. Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids?

A．They appeared to be aggressive.

B．They tended to be more adaptable.

C．They enjoyed the highest status.

D．They performed well academically.

解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中“It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment”可知，Dr. Prinstein的研究发现，最讨人喜欢的孩子往往适应性强。B项中的“adaptable”与第四段中的“adjustment”相呼应。故选B。

35．What is the best title for the text?

A．Be Nice—You Won't Finish Last

B．The Higher the Status, the Better

C．Be the Best—You Can Make It

D．More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness

解析：选A。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了研究发现讨人喜欢与积极的人生结果有关。因此，对人友好，你的人生不会太差。故选A。

长难句：Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences.

译文：尽管那些很酷的孩子可能让人羡慕，但Dr. Prinstein的研究显示了令人不快的结果。

分析：as引导让步状语从句，从句中表语提前。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?

We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”.36.________ According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.

37．________ If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.

Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈).38.________ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.39.________ It gives us a great feeling of peace.

40．________ While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D．To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D．

A．Fresh air cleans our lungs.

B．So what are you waiting for?

C．Being in nature refreshes us.

D．Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.

E．But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?

F．Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.

G．All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了呼吸新鲜空气和接近大自然有益于身心健康。

36．E。关联逻辑法解题。空前一句说我们都是听着人们说的“出去呼吸点儿新鲜空气”长大的；空后一句说答案是肯定的。由此判断，E项“但是新鲜空气真的像你妈妈总说的那样对你有好处吗？”符合语境。

37．A。设题位置法解题。根据空后内容可知，如果人们呼吸的空气是干净的，那么空气中就充满了维持生命的、让人充满活力的氧气。如果在户外锻炼，人的身体会学会深呼吸，让更多的氧气进入肌肉和大脑。所以本段主要说的是呼吸新鲜空气的好处。故选A“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺”符合语境。

38．G。词汇锁定法解题。空后的“these places”与G项中的“recovery centers”相呼应。故选G项“全国各地的康复中心已经开始建造康复花园”符合语境。

39．C。关联逻辑法解题。空前介绍了接近大自然、看绿色植物对病人的康复有益；空后一句说“它给我们一种非常好的内心平和的感觉”。由此推断，设空处应表达置身于大自然的好处。故选C项“置身于大自然使我们精神焕发”符合语境。

40．D。设题位置法解题。空后一句说，虽然阳光会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害，但阳光也能带来有益的维生素D。这应该是呼吸新鲜空气附带的好处。故选D项“呼吸新鲜空气的另一个附带好处是阳光”符合语境，且D项中的“sunlight”与空后的“the sun's rays”相呼应。

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They__41__ with them lots of waste. The__42__ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the__43__ of Kilimanjaro.

Hearing these stories, I'm__44__ about the place—other destinations are described as “purer”

natural experiences.

However, I soon__45__ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of__46__ among tons of rubbish. I find a__47__ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are__48__ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be__49__．

The best of a Kilimanjaro__50__，in my opinion, isn't reaching the top. Mountains are__51__ as spiritual places by many cultures. This__52__ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as__53__ go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters，__54__ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather__55__—low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I__56__ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4，000 meters is the highland__57__：gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.__58__ you climb into an arctic-like zone with__59__ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.

Does Kilimanjaro__60__ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观情况，旨在呼吁人们关注自然和生态，探索人与自然的和谐相处之道。

41．A.keep B．mix

C．connect D．bring

解析：选D。根据文章首句中“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”以及下一句可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以他们攀登的时候带来了(bring)大量的垃圾。

42．A.stories B．buildings

C．crowds D．reporters

解析：选C。根据文章首句中的“40，000 people”并结合空后的“might damage the beauty of the place”可知，此处指人群(crowds)有可能破坏了这个地方的美景。

43．A.position B．age

C．face D．name

解析：选C。根据上文“damage the beauty of the place”和“The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing”可知，冰川的消失正在改变乞力马扎罗山的地貌(face)。

44．A.silent B．skeptical

C．serious D．crazy

解析：选B。根据下文“other destinations are described as ‘purer’ natural experiences”可知，其他目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验，所以作者对乞力马扎罗山被严重破坏的报道表示怀疑(skeptical)。be skeptical about“对……表示怀疑”。

45．A.discover B．argue

C．decide D．advocate

解析：选A。根据下文可知，不久，“我”就发现(discover)，自从读到关于营地里有很多垃圾的令人不安的报道以来，情况已经发生了很大变化。

46．A.equipment B．grass

C．camps D．stones

解析：选C。根据下文“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可知，此处指营地里(camp)有很多垃圾。

47．A.remote B．quiet

C．tall D．clean

解析：选D。上文提到营地里有很多垃圾的情况已经发生了很大变化，此处指“我”发现了一座干净的(clean)山，营地和沿途都有厕所。此处旨在说明乞力马扎罗山营地的变化。

48．A.new B．special

C．significant D．necessary

解析：选C。根据上文“tons of rubbish”可知，此处指环境的挑战是巨大的。new“新的”；special“特别的”；significant“有重大意义的，重大的”；necessary“必要的”。故选C。

49．A.paying off B．spreading out

C．blowing up D．fading away

解析：选A。根据上文“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可知，挑战虽大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎正在取得成效(pay off)。spread out“伸展，散开”；blow up“爆炸”；fade away“逐渐消失”。

50．A.atmosphere B．experience

C．experiment D．sight

解析：选B。根据下文“reaching the top”可知，作者认为乞力马扎罗山最好的爬山体验(experience)并不是登顶。atmosphere“气氛”；experiment“实验”；sight“视线”。

51．A.studied B．observed

C．explored D．regarded

解析：选D。根据空后的“by many cultures”可知，山在很多文化中被看作是(regard)灵魂之地，be regarded as“被看作是……”。study“研究”；observe“观察”；explore“探索”。

52．A.view B．quality

C．reason D．purpose

解析：选A。在几公里的空间里，登山者经历五个生态系统，这种观点(view——山被看作是灵魂之地)在乞力马扎罗山体现得尤其明显。quality“品质”；reason“原因”；purpose“目的”。

53．A.scientists B．climbers

C．locals D．officials

解析：选B。根据文章首句“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, ...”可知，爬山的人(climbers)可以经历五种生态系统。scientist“科学家”；local“本地人”；official“官员”。

54．A.holding on to B．going back to

C．living up to D．giving way to

解析：选D。在乞力马扎罗山的不同海拔高度，生长着不同的植被。乞力马扎罗山的底部是一片热带雨林，它在海拔3000米的地方突然中断，取而代之的是低矮的植物。give way to“被……代替”，符合语境。hold on to“坚持”；go back to“回到”；live up to“不辜负”。

55．A.changes B．clears

C．improves D．permits

解析：选A。上文介绍了五种生态系统中的两种；再根据下文“low clouds envelop the mountainsides”可知，在这里，气候又发生了变化(change)——低垂的云笼罩着山坡，山坡上长满了茂密的草。clear“清除”；improve“改善”；permit“允许”。

56．A.match B．imagine

C．count D．add

解析：选C。根据空后的“twelve shades of green”可知，作者数出了(count)12种绿色。match“匹配”；imagine“想象”；add“增加”。

57．A.village B．desert

C．road D．lake

解析：选B。根据冒号后的“gravel (砾石), stones and rocks”可知，海拔4000米以上是高

原荒漠(desert)：砾石、石头和岩石。village“村庄”；road“道路”；lake“湖泊”。

58．A.Obviously B．Easily

C．Consequently D．Finally

解析：选D。最后(finally)，你会爬进一个像北极一样的地带，那里终年积雪，冰川可能很快就会消失。obviously“明显地”；easily“容易地”；consequently“因此，所以”。

59．A.permanent B．little

C．fresh D．artificial

解析：选A。由上文“climb into an arctic-like zone”可知，攀登者到了一个像北极圈的地方，所以此处指常年积雪。permanent“永久的，永恒的”，符合语境。

60．A.enjoy B．deserve

C．save D．acquire

解析：选B。根据下文“I found the opposite to be true”可知，作者在这里进行反问：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，络绎不绝的游客正在破坏和平的氛围，它值得(deserve)这样赞誉吗？enjoy“享受……的乐趣”；save“节省，保存”；acquire“获得”。

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence 61.________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62.________ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20，000-25，000 polar bears worldwide.

Modern methods 63.________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64.________ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65.________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66.________ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67.________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 68.________ (high) than they actually are. Of 69.________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70.________ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。

61．that。考查名词性从句。本句含有一个同位语从句，解释了名词evidence“证据”的具

体内容，设空处在从句中不充当成分，也无意义，应用连接代词that。

62．poorly。考查词性转换。修饰动词studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。

63．of/for。考查介词。a method of/for doing sth.“做某事的方法”。

64．to perform。考查非谓语动词。此处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。句意：自20世纪80年代中期以来，人们就在使用现代的方法来跟踪北极熊的种群数量，这些方法在很大范围内连续执行起来非常昂贵。

65．have reported。考查时态和主谓一致。句中的时间状语“In recent years”多与现在完成时连用；主语some Inuit people为复数意义，因此应填have reported。

66．belief。考查词性转换。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，设空处应填believe的名词形式belief“看法，信念”。

67．noting。考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth.“通过做某事回应”。

68．higher。考查形容词比较级。根据空后的than可知，设空处应用high的比较级形式higher。

69．the。考查冠词。Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations意为“在这19个已知的北极熊亚种群当中”，此处特指确认的19个亚种群，应用定冠词the。

70．are。考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；six指代“six polar bear subpopulations”，为复数意义。

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was

in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone's surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.

答案：

I became interesting

interested in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon

where

when I

was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly ∧

a

football fell just in

front of me but

and almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it

hardly

hard back to the playground. To

everyone's surprising

surprise，the ball went into the net. All the football

player

players on the playground

cheered loudly，

say

saying that I had a talent for football. From

now

then on, I started to play my

＼

football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请你写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：

1．写信目的；

2．个人优势；

3．能做的事情。

注意：

1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．结束语已为你写好。

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Yours，

Li Hua

One possible version：

Dear Sir/Madam，

My name is Li Hua. I'm a Chinese student who is taking a summer course in London now. I'm glad to learn that your gallery will hold a Chinese painting exhibition. I would like to do some voluntary work for the exhibition. So I am writing this letter asking to be a volunteer.

I am good at English and familiar with Chinese paintings. I would like to volunteer to help visitors, introduce Chinese cultural exchanges. My aim is to let China go to the world and let the world understand China. I would appreciate it if you could agree to my request.

Yours，

Li_Hua 附：录音稿(听力材料原文)

(Text 1)

W：Excuse me, sir. Visiting hours are over now. Your wife must get some rest.

M：Oh, I'm sorry, doctor. I didn't hear the bell or I would have left earlier.

(Text 2)

M：Hello, my name is Jack. I need to get in shape. How do I register for the classes?

W：We'll need you to join the gym, and then you can find out which classes fit your schedule the best.

(Text 3)

W：I'll see you at the theater.

M：Better still. Let's meet in the Red Lion Bar to have a nice little talk.

W：Good idea. And I'd love to have a drink there.

(Text 4)

M：Hello, my name is John Arber, and I'm calling to ask about the position advertised in Friday's Daily Mail.

W：Yes, the position is still open. You could come over and have a talk with us.

(Text 5)

M：I have an extra ticket to the concert tonight. Would you like to join me?

W：Thanks, but I already have one. You can ask Emily. She might be interested.

(Text 6)

W：Did you know James went out of business?

M：Really? When was that?

W：Last month.

M：That's too bad. He had owned that business for fifteen years. What happened?

W：I don't know. But life must be pretty tough for his family now. His sons are still so young. One is thirteen, and the other is ten.

M：Well, maybe things are not as bad as they seem to be.

W：I hope so.

(Text 7)

W：Guess what! My mother's decided to go back to school.

M：Why?

W：Well, she always loved art but learned business administration at college, because her parents thought it was difficult for an artist to find a job.

M：So she wants to study art now?

W：Yeah, oil painting. It's been her dream for a long time.

M：It's nice to return to learn what she loves. But, Kate, I still think old age should be about peace and relaxation. Hurrying to school every day and having to pass exams sounds a bit too much for her.

W：You know, she retired last year. And I'm leaving for the university soon. She needs to find something interesting to do.

M：Well, maybe, if it's what she wants.

(Text 8)

M：Dear listeners, for today's show I have with me, my colleague, Mary Laney. She has been a radio TV reporter for many years. Mary, welcome to our show.

W：It's a pleasure to be here.

M：Would you please tell our listeners who most influenced your decision to become a reporter?

W：Both my parents had a great influence upon my choice of work. Instead of trying to pick out a job for me, they helped me learn those things that led me to it.

M：How did they do that?

W：My father always told me that an education was one of the greatest advantages I could have —one that would always stay with me. He used to tell me that readers were leaders and encouraged me to read all I could. As a result, I've always kept up with the newspapers, faithfully read news magazines and learned to really enjoy books，all of which have been an invaluable help to me in radio and television reporting.

M：What about your mother?

W：Well, my mother helped me in a much different way.

(Text 9)

M：We all know that exercise is good for us, but sometimes it seems too hard to leave the sofa.

W：I can see that. You seldom do exercise.

M：Plus, having the doctor tell us to get two and a half hours of exercise a week doesn't really help our motivation much.