阅读理解--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义6
2014年综合类职称英语——阅读理解(DOC)
第四部分阅读理解授课内容：1.题型介绍及考查目标2.阅读理解的出题形式3.答题技巧4.教材重点文章讲解题型介绍该部分考查应试者对不同体裁和不同题材语言材料的理解能力，以及通过阅读获取材料信息（主旨和细节信息）的能力。
要求应试者阅读3篇具有一定难度级别的文章，每篇文章300-450词，每篇文章后有5道小题，应试者应根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。
考查目标应试者应能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解本专业的或一般内容的英语书面材料。
6大阅读理解能力：1）掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；2）了解阐述主旨的事实和细节；3）利用上下文猜测某些词汇和短语的意义；4）既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的意义关系；5）根据所读材料进行判断和推论；6）领会作者的观点、意图和态度。
阅读理解的出题形式细节题根据上下文猜测词义题主旨题作者观点态度题推理判断题答题技巧细节题1.关键词定位题：根据关键词（时间、地点、数字、名词、专有名词、重要实词或短语等）定位原句，正确选项通常是原句再现、原词再现或同义改写。
例1：American researchers say that lead poisoning may be the cause of tooth damage in ____ children in the U.S.A.almost 1 millionB.more than 2 millionC.almost 2 billionD.about 57 million原文：Children with high levels of lead in their blood may be more likely to have bad teeth. American researchers say that lead poisoning may be the cause of tooth damage in more than 2 million children in the United States.[答疑编号506324040101]【正确答案】B【答案解析】细节题。
2019年职称英语考试阅读综合辅导第四讲-范文word版 (2页)
2019年职称英语考试阅读综合辅导第四讲-范文word版本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==职称英语考试阅读综合辅导第四讲在职称考试中经常会出现一些词汇性选择题。
词汇性选择题主要是考察考生对一个词汇或短语在特定语言环境下的确切含义。
所考的词汇主要有两类：一类是超出大纲词汇表的词汇，以前没有见过的新词，要求考生根据上下文猜测出它的确切含义。
另一类是熟词僻义或者是旧词新义。
在这种情况下，考生以前知道的常规词义往往都不是解。
有的考生想通过查阅词典来找出答案。
实践证明，对于这种考题，查阅词典往往无济于事。
考生一定要切记：只有根据上下文才能选出具体的，合乎文章内容的正确词义。
因此考生在解题时，首先要对文章上下文有一个正确的理解，利用文章中所给出的线索或暗示来推断词义。
根据上下文推断词义主要有以下几种方法：利用定义和释义有时在一篇文章中，作者估计到某个词或词组读者可能不熟悉，就常常在这个词或短语后面直接给出定义或换一种说法进行解释。
例如： They need to make their income meet the cost of living ; so many people plan a family budget . A budget is a list of monthly expenses . Experts in kinetics , in their study of body motions as related to speech , hope to discover new methods of communication . He was a very astute buyer , estimating values very carefully and never allowing himself to be deceived . Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society . These medical students have decided to become pediatricians , that is , doctors specializing in the care and diseases of children . A jettya wall built out into the water , protects the harbor . To boycott a store meansto refuse to shop in the store . Jane is indecisive , that is , she cant make up her mind . I thought they were old - fashioned , thinking too much of old ways and ideas . Hausa , namely a language of the Sudan , is widely used as a trade language throughout western Africa . An autobiography is the story of a persons life written by himself . Holography , or three - dimensional photography , has many industrial applications . Every once in a while in some part of the world or another , the ground suddenly shakes , and we call the event an earthquake . Carbon monoxideis a noxious gas which can cause death . He had a wan look . He was so pale and weak that we thought he was ill . Should the government regulate the cost of resources such as oil and gas ? Some people do not believe that government control is the solution to the problem of the rising cost of fuel . 利用同义词或反义词反义。
阅读理解--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义4
正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)职业培训教育网职业人的网上家园职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义4阅读理解例6：Why do many Italians think that the score 0-0 has a glorious quality? （2007）A.Because it makes no one lose face.B.Because the Italian team is not very strong.C.Because Italians are nice people.D.Because that score is what their team could obtain.原文：The Italians think differently. “To many Italians, the score 0-0 has a glorious quality, suggesting perfection”, says the British football writer Simon Kuper. In the Italian culture, the idea of face is very important. This is why Italian teams are traditionally built around strong defenses. The Dutch footballer Johan Cruyff once said that Italian teams never exactly beat you. It’s just that you often lose to them.[答疑编号505916040604]【答案】A例7：What is the requirement for attending the Mochiyori party?A.You have to interview celebrities.B.You have to buy drinks and snacks.C.You have to get permission from the organizer.D.You have to take to it a course you have cooked.原文：Japanese students like to hold parties. We have two kinds of parties. One is the Mochiyori party. If you want to attend this party, you have to cook a course and take it to the party. The organizer buys drinks and snacks. （Life at Aichi University）[答疑编号505916040605]【答案】D例8：With the Food for Learning program, women get a large package of food as long as __________.A.they attend free literacy classes every day.B.they have no land of their own.C.they bring up their families on their own.D.they live in refugee camps.原文：The Food for Training program helps the teenagers and women change their lives. If they agree to join the program, they receive a large package of food each month. In return, the women are required to attend free literate classes for two hours every day. When Food for Training classes in two regions of Eritrea, 5000 girls and women joined in the first two months. It is especially popular with teenage girls, aged fourteen to sixteen, who have never had a chance to go to school before.老师手写内容：as long as 只要[答疑编号505916040606]【答案】A。
职称英语考试之综合类教材：阅读理解（六）
职称英语考试之综合类教材:阅读理解(六)*第⼗九篇 The FamilyThe structure of a family takes different forms around the world and even in the same society. The family‘s form changes as it adapts to changing social and economic influences. Until recently， the most common form in North America was the nuclear family，consisting of a married couple with their minor children. The nuclear family is an independent unit. It must be prepared to fend for itself. Individual family members strongly depend on one another. There is little help from outside the family in emergencies. Elderly relatives of a nuclear family are cared for only if it is possible for the family to do so. In North America，the elderly often do not live with the family ; they live in retirement communities and nursing homes.There are many parallels between the nuclear family in industrial societies，such as North America，and of families in societies such as that of the Inuits，who live in harsh environments. The nuclear family structure is well adapted to a life of mobility. In harsh conditions，mobility allows the family to hunt for food. For North Americans，the hunt for jobs and improved social status also requires mobility.The nuclear family was not always the North American standard. In a more agrarian time，the small nuclear family was usually part of a larger extended family. This might have included grandparents，mother and father，brothers and sisters，uncles，aunts，and cousins. In North America today，there is a dramatic rise in the number of single-parent households. Twice as many households in the United States are headed by divorced，separated，or never-married individuals as are comprised of nuclear families. The structure of the family，not just in North America， but throughout the world，continues to change as it adapts to changing conditions.词汇：nuclear /’nju:kh/ adj. 原⼦核的，中⼼的 harsh /ha：ʃ/ n. 严酷的emergency /I‘mʒ：dʒənsI/ n. 紧急状况 agranan / ə’greərlən/ adj. ⼟地的，耕地的注释：1. lt must be prepared to fend for itself. 它必须能够照料⾃⼰。
2014年职称英语综合类考试教材阅读理解文章及译文(6)
2014年职称英语综合类考试教材阅读理解文章及译文（6）2014年职称英语考试时间为3月29日。
小编为您整理职称英语教材中，阅读理解部分的文章及译文，希望对您有所助益。
Making Light of SleepAll we have a clock located inside our brains. Similar to your bedside alarm clock， your internal clock2 runs on a 24-hour cycle. This cycle，called a circadian rhythm，helps control when you wake，when you eat and when you sleep.Somewhere around puberty，something happens in the timing of the biological clock. The clock pushes forward，so adolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. When your mother tells you it's time for bed，your body may be pushing you to stay up3 for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up even later.This shift4 is natural for teenagers. But staying up very late and sleeping late can get your body's clock out of sync with the cycle of light and dark5. It can also make it hard to get out of bed in the morning and may bring other problems，too. Teenagers are put in a kind of a gray cloud6 when they don't get enough sleep，says Mary Carskadon，a sleep researcher at Brown University in Providence，RI7 .It affects their mood and their ability to think and learn.But just like your alarm clock，your internal clock can be reset. In fact，it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years，researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the body's clock8 were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.But recent discoveries show that the human eye has two separate light-sensing systems. One system allows us to see. The second system tells our body whether it's day or night.注释：1.make light of ：轻视，不在乎。
职称英语等级综合类(B级)试题考试试题、答案及题解
职称英语等级综合类(B级)试题考试试题、答案及题解92部分：阅读判断16 B Ireland is me best place in the world t0 live in for 2005,…．爱尔兰是2005年世界上最适合居住的地方，……这是文章中的第一句话。
题干说的是：在长达2005年里，爱尔兰一直是世界上最适合于人类居住的地方。
因此，不对。
17 C 题干说的是：工作稳定是生活质量中最不重要的衡量标准。
文章第三段提到了工作稳定(job security)，但是没有说工作稳定是生活质量中最不重要的衡量标准。
18 A 题干说的是：在爱尔兰生活费用相当高。
这一信息可以从第四段中的词组“the high cost of living”(很高的生活费用)中找到。
19 C 题干说的是：在津巴布韦，家庭生活不稳定。
文章没有提到。
20 A 题干说的是：爱尔兰名居榜首是因为它把新时期的的成分和一些好的传统结合在一起。
这一信息可以从第七段中找到。
21 B 题干说的是：评价生活质量很容易。
第八段是这么说的：The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do．该杂志承认评价生活质量不是一件简单的事。
因此，不对。
22 B 题干说的是：美国在前十名。
事实是它排在第十三名。
有关此信息可以在最后一段找到。
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子23 C 本文的标题是：即使是聪明人也会失败。
第二和第三段都跟Edison直接相关。
第二段描述的是他的发明创造。
24 D 本段是。
Edison对失败的看法。
第一句话的意思是：生活中的许多失败是半途而废，这些人不知道其实他们放弃时离成功已经是近在咫尺了。
25 A 本段的第一句话是这么说的：没有人喜欢失败，但是聪明的发明家会从中吸取教训。
注意：一个段落的第一句话常常是主题句。
26 B 本段的第一句话是这么说的：两个世纪来，发明家表现出的一个共同品质是弃而不舍。
2023年职称英语考试综合类AB级精选试题
第一套:第一部分: 词汇选择(第1-15题, 每题1分, 共15分)下面共有15句子, 每个句子均有一种词或短语划有底横线, 请从每个句子背面所给旳四个选项中选择一种与划线部分意义最相近旳词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。
He was a very cute boy but now he seems to have no interest in anything.A) clever B) honestC) brave D) dull原则答案: a2. Data from Voyager II have presented astronomers with a puzzle about why our outermost planet exists.A) problem B) mysteryC) question D) point原则答案: b3. The film originated from a short story.A) resulted B)derived原则答案: b4. After supper we usually take a stroll around the park for about an hour.A) walk B) restC) bath D) breath原则答案: a5. This is a subject that has now moved into the political domain.A) extent B) zoneC) area D) competition原则答案: c6. She is noted for her generous contribution for the relief of the poor.A) charged B) accusedC) famous D) responsible原则答案: c7、 He rolled up his trouser leg to exhibit his wounded knee.C) show D) examine原则答案: c8、 8.You startled me when you shouted.A) threatened B) frightenedC) interrupted D) troubled原则答案: b9、 It is said the houses along this street will soon be demolished.A)pulled down B) pulled upC) pulled off D) pulled in原则答案: a10、 She tried to probe my mind and discover what I was thinking.A) solved B) exploredC) involved D) exploded原则答案: b11. The parents have to restrain their daughter from running out into the street.A)disallow B) reduceC) prevent D) confine原则答案: c12. He expressed concern that the ship might be in distress.A) despair B) difficultiesC) need D) danger原则答案: d13. 13.Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.A) shaken B) fallenC) damaged D) trembled原则答案: c14. Thick clouds obscured the stars from view.A)darkened B) heldC) blackened D)prevent原则答案: d15. The river was contaminated with waste.A) blackened B) pollutedC) widened D) mixed原则答案: b第二部分: 阅读判断(每题1分, 共七分)阅读下面这篇短文, 短文后列出了七个句子, 请根据短文旳内容对每个句子作出判断。
职称英语考试：综合类-阅读理解
职称英语考试：综合类-阅读理解In the digital realm, the next big advance will be voice recognition. The rudiments are already here but in primitive form. Ask a computer to “recognize speech,” and it islikely to think you want it to “wreck a nice beach.” But in a decade or so we'll be able to chat away and machines will soak it all in. Microchips will be truly embedded in ourlives when we can talk to them. Not only to our computers, we’ll also be able to chat with our automobile navigation systems,telephone consoles,browsers,thermostats.VCRs,microwaves and any other devices we want to boss around.The techniques of voice recognition______.A、are mature enough for extensive useB、are in its initial stage of developmentC、will aid people to chat through computersD、will assist people to recognize each other's voice【准确答案】 B【答案解析】答案选B.本段的第一句、第二句提供了答案。
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职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义6
阅读理解
例5：Means of communication, like telephones, cables and radio, send information about prices, supplies and changing conditions in different parts of the world.
老师手写内容：
ways n.方式，方法
例6：Nocturnal creatures, such as bats and owls, have highly developed senses that enable them to function in the dark.
老师手写内容：
living things 生物
night n.夜晚，晚上
例7：I am a resolute man.Once I set up a goal, I won't give it up easily.
例8：The first of these methods is the persistence method; the simplest way of producing a forecast.The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change.For example, if it is sunny and 87 degree today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degree tomorrow.If two inches of rain fell today, the persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow.However, if weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persistence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use.
5）利用标点符号：---，：，（）等。
这些符号总会暗示一些语义关系。
例1：They will be on the night shift --- from midnight to 6 a.m.next week.
老师手写内容：
change n.改变
例2：The men had worked there for a decade （ten years） since he graduated.
例3：He was a very astute buyer, estimating values very carefully and never allowing himself to be deceived.
老师手写内容：
cheat v.欺骗
6）利用语法和语义搭配
例1：In paragraph 2, the phrase “come down with” could be best replaced by ____.（2005）
A.shake off
B.get rid of
C.get
D.cure
原文：If tha t’s not enough, employees can take advantage of five family days a year that can be used if the kids come down with the flu or an aging parent needs ferrying to an important doctor’s appointment.
老师手写内容：
children n.孩子们
influenza n.流行性感冒（简写flu）
disease n.疾病
[答疑编号505916040902]
【答案】C。