人教版高一必修一 第二单元知识点全面总结 归纳
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必修一U2 English around the world
Section A
1.more than one 不止一个
Eg:More than one student was tired of his long and tiring speech.
[误区警示]
More than one +n. 意为“不止一个”,在语意上虽为复数,但做主语时,谓语动词用单数,相同用法的还有many a (许多)
【拓展】
(1)more than +num. 意为“超过,多于”,=over
Eg: I said hello to her more than one time, but she still ignored me.
(2)more than +n. “不只是,不仅仅”,
Eg:Both of us are more than workmates .We are close friend.
(3) more than +adj./adv./v./分词意为“非常,很”,
Eg:I was more than grateful for all your help.
I’m afraid I’ve eaten more than enough .
I was more than a little shaken by his deeds.
The result more than disappointed all of us.
(4)more than+句子(句中常含有can ,could),意为“非…所能….;是…难以…的。”
Eg: The road conditions there turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.
[连接]
No more than 仅仅,不超过=only
No more…than.. 和…一样不
Not more than 不超过,至多
No less than 不少于;多达
More ….than …与其说….倒不如说…
Less than 不足,不到;少于
Rather than而不是
Other than 除了
2.voyage n. 航行;尤指航海或航空
The sea became calm after the storm, so they decided to make a voyage . The scientist planned to go on a voyage to the Moon.
[拓展]
Make /take a voyage 去航海,去航行
Go on a voyage 正在航海;正在航行表示动作
Be on a voyage 正在航海;正在航行表示状态
【辨析】voyage ,journey ,trip, tour, travel
Voyage n.[C] 指海上旅行或航行
Eg:he went on a voyage around the world.
【辨析】
Journey n. [C] 常指远距离的陆地旅行,也指“旅程,旅途”
Eg:Wish you a pleasant journey.
Trip n.[C]指短途,短期旅行,远足,也指“因事出行”
They made a trip to the seaside last weekend .
Tour n.[C,U] 指团队观光旅游,也可表示“巡视,巡回比赛”或“演出”Eg:I prefer a walking tour.
The band is on tour in France.
Travel n.[C,U] 常指长距离旅行,或国外旅行,是旅行的总称
The novel is based on his travel in India.
3.even if =even though 即使,虽然
Eg:Even if he suffered from a lot of difficulties, he never gave in .
【误区警示】
①even if/even though 引导让步状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来
Eg:Even if I fail this ,I will try again.
②as if/though 好像,仿佛引导方式状语从句或表语从句
Eg:It looks as if it’s going to rain.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4117810010.html,e up
(1) 走近;上前;赶上
My teacher came up and talked with me face to face.
(2)(被)提出,(被)谈到
Eg: In order to finish the task on time, a good piece of advice came up at the meeting.
(3)(太阳,月亮)升起;露出地面,发芽;出席,到场
Eg:The sun has come up .
She came up for the interview but didn’t get the job.
The spring is coming and green grass is coming up.
[误区警示] come up 做“被提出,被谈到”讲时为不及物动词短语,不能用于被动;come up with 主语为人,“提出”,宾语为表示“建议,计划,方案等”名词
Eg:Your name came up in our conversation once or twice.
She came up with a new idea at the meeting.
【拓展】
Come up to 达到(标准等),比得上
Come on 赶快,加油
Come about 发生
Come across 邂逅,偶遇
Come to 达到;苏醒,共计
Come over走过来,顺便拜访
Come out 出现;真相大白;结果是;出版;开花
Eg: How did the problem come about?
I come across an old friend t the party.
5.actually adv.
(1)(在口语中用于强调事实),实际上,事实上
Eg:I don’t actually remember it.
It seemed as if they fell in love with each other, but actually she disliked him. (2)(表示想法与事实不一致而感到惊奇) 居然;竟然
He is actually over fifty years old.
(3)(礼貌地纠正他人) 实际上,事实上
Growing vegetables looks easy, but actually it takes a lot of learning .
(4)(用于引起鄙人注意或转移话题)说实在的
Actually ,I’m busy at the moment,--can I call you back later?
[拓展]
In actual fact=as a matter of fact =in reality/fact =actually 事实上;实际上
6.base vt. 以…为根据
n. 基部;基地;基础
base…on/upon 把…建立,在…上
be based on /upon 以…为基础;改编自
One should always base his opinion on facts.
In my dairy ,I set down a series of things that are all based on facts.
They settled down at the base of the mountain.
Do you know where the air base is? 空军基地
These politics have a broad base of the masses.
【辨析】
Base 表示具体含义,意为“根基,基础,底座” the base of a building . 底座
Basis 表示抽象含义,意为“基础”, the economic basis 基础
【单词积累】
Basic adj. 基本的,基础的;根本的
Basically adv. 基本地;主要地
7.at present =at the present time= in the present 现在,目前
Eg: At present, I am suffering from a bad back.
I’m getting along well with my new classmates at present.
I’m very busy at present ,and I can’t join in your game .
[拓展]
(1)present 做形容词时位置不同,意义不同;做前置定语,意为“现在的,当前的”;做后置定语时,意为“出席的,到场的”
Eg:Did you see the present government leaders? 你见到现任政府领导人了吗
Did you see the government leaders present ? 你见到在场的政府领导人了吗
(2)做动词,意为“把…交给,颁发”。常构成一下搭配
Present sth to sb 把某物交给某人
Present sb with sth 把某物交给某人
Present sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人
Eg:The headmaster presented a medal to each winner.
=The headmaster presented each winner with a medal.
Now let me present my best friend to you .
[一言辨意]
The present president present at the meeting presented us with presents.
出席会议的现任总统向我们颁发了礼物
8.make use of 利用;使用
Eg:I will make use of my spare time in order to enrich my vocabulary .
You can make any use of it as you like.
[连接]
Make full/good use of 充分利用
Make the best of 充分利用(不利条件)
Make the most of 充分利用(有利条件)
Eg:You should make full/good use of his chance.
[误区警示]
①若把make use of 的宾语变为主语,句子则用被动语态,注意保留介词of 以及后面用动词不定式做目的状语的用法,
Every minute should be made use of to study.
②若把make 提前做定语,注意句式:use…be made of sth
The scientists are now trying to discover what use can be made of such material .
③若把make 提前,且做先行词,其后接定语从句
The book deals with the use the body makes of food.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4117810010.html,tter n. 两者中的后者,与the 连用
Adj.两者中的后者的
Eg:Lisa was getting along well with a boy in her class .The latter came from America.
Of the two, the former is more useful than the latter.
The latter point is very important.
[误区警示]
The latter 做主语时,谓语动词的数取决于他所指代的意义
The city has a concert hall and two theatres. The latter were both built in the 1950s.
[拓展]
The former…the latter…前者…后者….
10.辨析
11.frequently adv.经常,频繁地=very often
Eg:I frequently join in class discussions and talk with my parents about problems of teenagers. [拓展]
总是always
通常usually
经常often/frequently
有时sometimes
偶尔occasionally
很少seldom /rarely
从来都不never
Section B
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4117810010.html,mand
① n.命令,指令;控制;掌握,运用力
Have a good command of 精通
Take the command of 统帅,指挥
Eg: my mother has a good command of several language, such as English, French, Danish. Who will take the command of the army?
②vt .命令=order;指挥=direct
Command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
Eg: If the soldiers couldn’t go through the gate at duck, the general would command them to attack the city.
【误区警示】
①command 做名词,表示掌握且前面有修饰语,应加不定冠词
②command做命令讲(动词或名词),后接各种名词性从句时,从句的谓语动词用(should )+do ,Eg: He commanded that his men (should ) fire. 开火
The general gave a command that they (should ) start at once.
【拓展】
At one’s command 听从某人吩咐;运用自如
In command of 控制;掌握
Under one’s command =under the command of sb 在某人的指挥下
2.request
①[C,U] 要求;请求
Make a request for
At one’s request =at the request of sb
Eg: Liming made a request for a computer from his parents.
It was obvious that she was there at Tom’s request .
②vt.要求;请求
Request sb to do sth
Request sth from sb
Eg: Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.
We requested some information from them .
The manager requested that all the dusty curtains (should) be wasted.
[误区警示]
①request 后不接双宾语,即不能说request sb sth ,而应说request sth from sb
②request 后可以接各种名词性从句,从句的谓语动词要用(should +do),
The teacher requested that we (should) come an hour earlier.
【拓展】
By request 应邀;依照
On request 应要求
【连接】
后跟名词性从句,从句谓语动词用should +do 的动词有:
一个坚持 insist /insist on doing sth
两道命令order /command
四条建议suggest /propose /advise /recommend
四点要求demand/desire/request/require
Eg: They insisted that we (should)attend the meeting .
He ordered that the house (should) be sold.
I advised my friend that he (should) give up smoking.
It is required that students (should) do some exercise for at least an hour every day. 【直接引语变间接引语】
section C
1.believe it or not 信不信由你在句中做插入语,常用逗号和句子其他部分隔开
Eg: Believe it or not ,the man lost the power of speech after he recovered from illness . Believe it or not ,the actress is actually over seventy years old.
[连接]
I don’t believe it! 我简直无法相信
Believe one ‘s ears/eyes相信某人的耳朵、眼睛
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实/百闻不如一见
常见的插入语有:
Generally speaking 一般说来
What’s more 而且
What’s worse 更糟糕的是
That is (to say) 也就是说
To tell you the truth 跟你说实话
To be honest 老实说
To begin/start with 首先
To make things worse 更糟的是
Judging from 从…来判断
In other words 换句话说
In a word 总之,一句话等
To tell you the truth ,I don’t know if he broke the window on purpose.
2.expression
(1) [C] 词语,短语
In order to learn English well, you’d better frequently use important words and expressions in everyday life.
(2)[C,U]表示,表达,表露;[C] 表情;神色
Give expression to 表现出(愤怒,快乐,高兴等)
Beyond expression 无法形容,表达不出
Facial expression 面部表情
Eg: Smiling cab be an expression of kindness.
You should give expression to your feelings.
The beauty of the West Lake is entirely beyond expression .无法形容
A worried expression crossed her face.
3.play a part in 在…中起作用;参与;在…中扮演角色=play a role in
Eg: Computers play an important part in modern society.
The actress was invited to play a role in this TV play based on a true story.
We all recognize that she has played an important role in carrying out the plan. [连接]
Play the part/role in 扮演…的角色
Have a part to play in 在…中发挥作用
Take part in 参与
How many countries took part in the international conference ?会议
4.recognize
(1) 辨别出,认出,识别
Eg:The moment I answered the phone, I recognized his voice.
So many cars were parked outdoors ,so she couldn’t recognize my car.
(2)承认;公认
…to be
Recognize + ….as…承认…..
That....
It is recognized that ….人们公认…
We all recognized him to be a wise leader.
=We all recognized him as a wise leader .
=He was recognized as a wise leader by us all.
=We all recognized that he was a wise leader.
He didn’t recognize that he had made a big mistake.
It is recognized that the environment pollution has become more and more serious. [辨析]
6.straight adv.直接;挺直;笔直地,成直线地
Adj.直的;笔直的;正直的
Eg:Come straight home after work.
In order not to be late, he took a cab straight to the block where his uncle was living.
The child was too tired to walk straight .
She looked at him straight in the eye.
He drew a straight line under the sentence.
Are you going to be straight with me or not?
[拓展]
Stand straight 直立
Straight away/off 立刻,马上
Come straight to the point 直奔主题(话题)
I’ll phone him straight away.立刻
[一言辨异]
Straight trees are used widely; straight persons have more friends. 树直用途多,人直朋友多