湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷二以及答案

湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷二

Part I. Reading Comprehension. (40%)

Section A: Fast Reading

Directions: In this part, you will be asked to go over the passage quickly and then choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D for each question.

What to Expect from College Life

Congratulations! Y ou've been accepted into college. Y ou're excited and maybe a little bit nervous. What can you expect? Read on for our advice.

Prepare yourself for a new life at college

Entering college is like starting a new phase of life where you have to learn to support yourself. Y ou will have to adjust to your new surroundings, try to do everything by yourself and learn to stand on your own two feet. As you negotiate the ups and downs of student life, you will learn how to manage the situations that arise.

Learn to enjoy the hardships

We all know college life is wildly different from middle school. It's the place where teenagers become adults and academia meets society. Ideally, your time at college will help you mature (成熟) physically and mentally, equip you with knowledge and prepare you for your professional career.

It's a challenging process, so it's not realistic to expect everything to always work in your favor. Y ou won't win every prize and you won't be popular with all your classmates all the time. The set-backs and challenges –like failure, betrayal and unjust treatment –are just as important for your growth as the good times. Only once you have experienced these things will you know what society and life is like.

Communicate with others

College is just like a small society, so you have to communicate with your peers to make the most of your time. Social communication is easier to learn than technology. Smile at your classmates, show your concern and speak with them. Then they will be happy to help you in return. T ake on your own responsibilities

Y ou are becoming a fully-functioning adult in society. Don't count on others to make decisions or plans for you. Y ou are your own master. As an active student, you should plan your life and manage your study right from the start of your college life. Face up to your troubles bravely and don't run away.

College is a very important time of your life and you should make the most of it. Y ou will learn as much from the real world as you will from textbooks, as much from practice as theory. If you pay attention, you will acquire precious knowledge, goods sense, social experience and determination.

1. How would you prepare for a new life at college?

A. Learn to support yourself.

B. Adjust to new environment.

C. Try to be independent.

D. All above.

2.In college, the set-backs and______ are of equal importance for college students’growth as the good times.

A. failure

B. betrayal

C. challenges

D. unjust treatment

3. College life may help students’_______ physically and mentally, equip them with

knowledge and get ready for their professional career.

A. mature

B. capable

C. ambitious

D. strong

4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Entering college is like starting a new phase of life.

B. Y ou can win every prize and be popular with all your classmates all the time.

C. Social communication is easier to learn than technology.

D. Y ou will learn as much from the real world as you will from textbooks.

5. To be a fully-functioning adult in society, a college student should not count on others but

take on their own______.

A. decisions

B. plans

C. responsibilities

D. future

Section B: Reading in Depth

Directions: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).

Passage one

As regards social conventions, we must say a word about the well[/color]-known English class system. This is an embarrassing subject for English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the present century class-consciousness has grown less and less, and the class system less rigid. But it still exists below the surface. Broadly speak ing, it means there are two classes, the “middle class” and the “working class”. (We shall ignore for a moment the old “upper class”, including the hereditary aristocracy, since it is extremely small in numbers; but some of its members have the right to sit in the House of Lords, and some newspapers take a surprising interest in their private life. The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers.

The most obvious difference between them is in their accent. Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of “received pronunciation”which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class people speak in many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest barriers of social equality in England is the two-class education system. To have been to a so-called “public school” immediately marks you out as one of the middle class. The middle classes tend to live a more formal life than working-class people, and are usually more cultured. Their midday meal is “lunch” and they have a rather formal evening meal called “dinner”, whereas the working man’s dinner, if his working hours permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening meal is called supper.

As we have said, however, the class system is much less rigid than it was, and for a long time it has been government policy to reduce class distinctions. Working-class students very commonly receive a university education and enter the professions, and working-class incomes have grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less and less clear.

However, regardless of one’s social status, certain standards of politeness are expected of everybody, and a well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets, and treats a labourer with the same respect he gives an important businessman. Servility inspires both embarrassment and

dislike. Even the word “sir”, except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army etc.) sounds too servile to be commonly used.

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6. The middle class mainly refers to people.

A. who were born as aristocrat

B. who have the right to sit in the House of Lords

C. who speak in many different local accents

D. who are prosperous businessmen or who work in some professions

7. The most obvious difference between the working class and the middle class in English is their.

A. dress

B. work

C. accent

D. meal

8. Why isn’t the word "sir" commonly used in Britain?

A. Because it sounds too servile and is likely to cause embarrassment.

B. Because it can only be used in some certain occupations.

C. Because it is an impolite word.

D. Because it shows that the speaker is not a well-bred person.

9. The "upper class" in England today.

A. are extremely small in number so that media pays no attention to them

B. still uses old words like "Sir" in their everyday life

C. includes the hereditary aristocracy

D. refers only to the royal family

10. Which of the following is not true about the English class system?

A. It is an embarrassing subject for English people.

B. Working-class students cannot receive a university education.

C. The class system is much less rigid than it was.

D. The class system still exists below the surface.

Passage two

One of the most interesting paradoxes in America today is that Harvard University, the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, is now engaged in a serious debate about what a university should be, and whether it is measuring up.

Like the Roman Catholic Church and other ancient institutions, it is asking - still in private rather than in public - whether its past assumptions about faculty, authority, admissions, courses of study, are really relevant to the problems of the 1990’s.

Should Harvard or any other university be an intellectual sanctuary, apart from the political and social revolution of the age, or should it be a laboratory for experimentation with these political and social revolutions; or even an engine of the revolution? This is what is being discussed privately in the big clapboard houses of faculty members around the Harvard Y ard. The issue was defined by Waiter Lippmann, a distinguished Harvard graduate, several years ago. “If the universities are to do their work,” he said, “they must be independent and they must be dis interested… They are places to which men can turn for judgements which are unbiased by partisanship and special interest. Obviously, the moment the universities fall under political control, or under the control of private interests, or the moment they themselves take a hand in

politics and the leadership of government, their value as independent and disinterested sources of judgement is impaired.”

This is part of the argument that is going on at Harvard today. Another part is the argument of the militant and even many moderate students: that a university is the keeper of our ideals and morals, and should not be “disinterested” but activist in bringing the nation’s ideals and actions together.

Harvard’s men of today seem more troubled and le ss sure about personal, political and academic purpose than they did at the beginning. They are not even clear about how they should debate and resolve their problems, but they are struggling with them privately, and how they come out is bound to influence American university and political life in the 1990’s.

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11. The issues in the debate on Harvard’s goals are whether the universities should remain independent of our society and its problems, and whether they should——.

A. fight militarism

B. overcome the widespread drug dependency

C. take an active part in solving society’s ills

D. support our old and established institutions

12. In regard to their goals and purposes in life, the author believes that Harvard men are becoming ——.

A. more sure about them

B. less sure about them

C. more hopeful of reaching a satisfactory answer

D. completely disillusioned about ever

13. The word “paradox” in para graph 1 is ——.

A. a parenthetical expression

B. a difficult puzzle

C. an abnormal condition

D. a self-contradiction

14. The word “sanctuary”in paragraph 3 is——.

A. a holy place dedicated to a certain god

B. a temple or nunnery of middle age

C. a certain place you can hide in and avoid mishaps

D. an academy for intelligent people

15. In the author’s judgement, the ferment going on at Harvard——.

A. is a sad symbol of our general bewilderment

B. will soon be over, because times are bound to change

C. is of interest mostly to Harvard men and their friends

D. will influence future life in America

Passage three

Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a “green labeling” study published by Consumers International Friday .

Among the report’s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings，a German fertilizer described itself a s “ earthworm friendly”， a brand of flour said it was “non-polluting” and a British toilet paper claimed to be “environmentally friendlier”

The study was written and researched by Britain’s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International. It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and

the European Commission.

“ While many good and useful claims are being made , it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy,” said Consumers International director Anna Fielder .

The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain. Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.

The report focused on claims made by specific products , such as detergent (洗涤剂) insect sprays and by some garden products . It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September, 1999.

Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.

“Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing,” said report researcher Philip Page.

“Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73. The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading.” he said.

The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as “environmentally friendly” and “non-polluting” cannot be verified. “What we are now pushing for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO.” said Page.

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16. According to the passage, the NCC found it outrageous that ______

A) all the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standards

B) the claims made by products are often unclear or deceiving

C) consumers would believe many of the manufactures’ claim

D) few products actually prove to be environment friendly

17. As indicated in this passage , with so many good claims , the consumers ___

A) are becoming more cautious about the products they are going to buy

B) are still not willing to pay more for products with green labeling

C) are becoming more aware of the effects different products have on the environment

D) still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment

18. A study was carried out by Britain’s NCC to _______

A) find out how many claims made by products fail to meet environmental standards

B) inform the consumers of the environmental impact of the products they buy

C) examine claims made by products against ISO standards

D) revise the guidelines set by the International Standards Organization

19. What is one of the consequences caused by the many claims of household products?

A) They are likely to lead to serious environmental problems

B) Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the false

C) They could arouse widespread anger among consumer

D) Consumers will be tempted to buy products they don’t need

20. It can be inferred from the passage that the lobby group Consumer International wants to ____.

A) make product labeling satisfy ISO requirements

B) see all household products meet environmental standards

C) warn consumers of the danger of so-called green products

D) verify the efforts of non-polluting products

Part II. Choose the best answer. (10%)

1.On New Y ear’s Eve, New Y ork City holds an outdoor ______ which attracts a crowd of a million or more people.

A. incident

B. event

C. case

D. affair

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4119056552.html,/exam/yy_2804.asp

2._______ difficulties we may come across, we’ll help one another to overcome them.

A. Wherever

B. Whatever

C. However

D. Whenever

3. The hours_____ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affected their relationship with real-life people.

A. in which

B. on which

C. when

D. that

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4119056552.html,/exam/yy_2804.asp

4. Without proper lessons, you could _______ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.

A. keep up

B. pick up

C. draw up

D. catch up

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4119056552.html,/exam/yy_2804.asp

5. If this kind of fish becomes ______, future generations may never taste it at all.

A. minimum

B. short

C. seldom

D. scarce

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4119056552.html,/exam/yy_2805.asp

6. The bank is reported in the local newspaper _____ in broad daylight yesterday.

A. being robbed

B. having been robbed

C. to have been robbed

D. robbed

7. ______ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment.

A. Since

B. For

C. As

D. With

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4119056552.html,/exam/yy_2805.asp

8. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii have the longest life _____:

77.2 years.

A. scope

B. rank

C. span

D. scale

9. We hadn’t met for 20 years, but I recognized her ____ I saw her.

A. for the moment

B. the moment when

C. at the moment when

D. the moment

10.Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak ______ Chinese.

A. smooth

B. fluent

C. fluid

D. flowing

11. There is no _____ to the house from the main road.

A. access

B. avenue

C. exposure

D. edge

12. The ______ stuck on the envelope says “By Air”.

A. diagram

B. label

C. signal

D. mark

13. Reading _____ the lines, I would say that the Government are more worried than they will admit.

A. behind

B. between

C. along

D. among

14. Things might have been much worse if the mother _____ on her right to keep the baby.

A. has been insisting

B. had insisted

C. would insist

D. insisted

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4119056552.html,/exam/yy_2807.asp

15. Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when ______ alone.

A. seen

B. is seen

C. to be seen

D. having been seen

16. The football game comes to you ______ from New Y ork.

A. lively

B. alive

C. live

D. living

live是现场直播的意思。

这句话是说那场足球赛是从奥运会比赛场地现场直播。

17. None of us expected the chairman to _____ at the party. We thought he was still in hospital.

A. turn in

B. turn over

C. turn up

D. turn down

18. We’d better to _____ a table for five for dinner this evening.

A. preserve

B. reserve

C. retain

D. sustain

19. How is it _____ your roommate’s request and yours are identical?

A. in all

B. at best

C. for all

D. by far

目前为止,你和室友的要求有哪些是一样的.

20. The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have ____ supplies of petroleum.

A. proficient

B. efficient

C. potential

D. sufficient

Part III. T ranslate the following sentences into Chinese. (20%)

1. The bridge was named after the hero who gave his life for the cause of people.

这座桥是以为了人民的事业而献身的英雄命名。

2. These people have saved（节约） during their whole lives to provide for their old age. provide for：为…做准备，为…提供生活费

有些人为年老时做准备而节省了一辈子。

3. Having spent her last ounce of strength, she cannot go on, but I have understood what she has done.

她耗尽了最后的那点力气，再也说不下去了。但我已经明白她做了些什么。

4. My father didn’t mind whom I married, so long as I could stand on my own feet and wasn’t dependent on my husband.

只要我能自立。不依靠我丈夫，我爸就不会介意我嫁给谁。

5. Our efforts were not in vain and the situation began to improve.

我们的努力没有白费,局势开始好转了。

Part IV. T ranslate the following short paragraph into English. (20%)

学习一种新的舞步和学习一种语言一样，都能促进大脑发展。如果这种舞蹈还是一种良好的体育运动，则益处加倍。许多研究表明，经常进行体育锻炼的孩子，在学业上比不活动的同学更优秀。但直到最近，人们还是认为因参加体育运动而获得的学业优势来自于增强的自信、更好的心态，以及运动后所带来的集中注意力的能力。

Learning a new language can improve the brain, and so can learning a new dance step。But until recently, the academic advantages that one has gained by taking part in sports was thought to come from……

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4119056552.html,/tresearch/a/1128484002cid00002

Learning a new dance step may boost the brain in the same way that learning a language can, he says. And if the dance is a good physical exercise as well, the benefits multiply. Numerous studies show that children who engage in regular physical activity do better in school than their inactive classmates. But until recently, the academic edge gained by participating in sports was thought to come from the increased self-confidence, the better mood, and the ability to concentrate that comes from burning off steam in exercise. Now, however, some scientists have revised their way of thinking, and point to possible physical connections.

Part V. Writing. (10%)

Directions：For this part，you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic To Be Busy Or To Be Idle ．Y ou should write at least 100words，and base your composition on the outline（given in Chinese）below：

1．有人认为忙了好，可以让生活充实。

2 有人喜欢悠闲，认为会休息才会工作。

3 我的观点。

To Be Busy or To Be Idle

Many poeple we know prefer to live a busy life. They enjoy making tight schedules and do everything in a hurry. They simply like the feeling of being engaged in their work. They often stick to one principle: work hard and play hard.

Still, there are other people who find great fun in their idle time. They hate to hurry all the time, and arguing that they take their time to just reach high efficiency. In fact most of them are productive despite their loose schedules, only a few lead a non-productive life. Feeling empty in their heart, they kill time in various ways.

I agree with the "work hard and play hard" principle because only in this way you can complete your work in time and be able to relax yourself after a good days' work.