话题词汇
2023届高考英语热点话题相关词汇清单(共八类)
高考英语热点话题词汇1.传统文化【根底词汇】traditional〔传统的〕culture〔文化〕history〔历史〕festival〔节日〕paper cutting 〔剪纸〕heritage〔遗产〕TaiChi〔太极拳〕Beijing Opera〔京剧〕exhibition〔展览〕unique〔独特的；独一无二的〕splendid〔壮美的；绚烂的〕understand〔理解〕treasure〔珍宝〕introduce〔介绍〕rich〔丰富的〕learn about〔了解〕be interested in 〔对......感爱好〕be eager to〔渴望〕【高级词汇】inspiring〔令人鼓舞的〕pass down〔使流传〕carry forward〔发扬光大〕appeal to〔对......有吸引力〕in terms of〔就......而言；谈及〕have a good knowledge of〔对......特别了解〕from generation to generation〔世世代代〕have a great influence/impact on〔对......有很大影响〕2.航天和最新的科学技术【根底词汇】universe〔宇宙〕space〔太空〕explore〔探究〕astronaut〔宇航员〕crew〔机组人员〕astronomy〔天文学〕satellite〔卫星〕land〔着陆〕rocket〔〕launch〔放射〕orbit〔轨道〕national〔国家的；民族的〕progress〔开展；进程〕manned spaceship〔载人宇宙飞船〕space station〔空间站〕science and technology〔科学技术〕advanced〔高级的；先进的〕achievement〔成就〕a new step〔一个新的台阶〕space suit〔航天服〕Tiangoing Class〔天宫课堂〕【高级词汇】far beyond〔远远超出〕conquer〔制服；克服〕strengthen〔增加；加强〕lag behind〔落后〕look back on〔回忆〕move forward〔前进〕contribute to〔作出奉献；促成〕highlight〔最精彩的局部/时刻〕deliver lectures〔发表演讲〕in the long run/term〔从长远来看〕broaden our horizons〔拓宽我们的视野〕3.冬奥【根底词汇】skate〔滑冰〕ski〔滑雪〕mascot〔桔祥物〕international〔国际的〕sport〔运动〕event〔大大事；活动〕athlete〔运发动〕volunteer〔志愿者〕encourage〔鼓舞；鼓舞〕champion〔冠〕host〔主办活动〕symbol〔象征〕represent〔代表〕National Stadium〔国家体育馆〕teamwork spirit〔团队精神〕be proud of〔对......感到骄傲〕pete for〔竞争；角逐〕gold medal〔金牌〕the 2022 winter Olympics〔2022冬奥会〕opening ceremony〔开幕式〕冰墩墩 Bing Dwen Dwen【高级词汇】miracle〔奇迹〕strive〔努力奋斗；拼搏〕significance〔重要性；意义〕display〔展现，呈现〕on behalf of〔代表〕light up〔点亮〕be qualified for〔有资格胜任〕feature 〔以......为特色〕amateur〔业余爱好者〕cooperation〔合作，协作〕sportsmanship〔体育精神〕be suitable for〔适合〕have passion for〔对......有热忱〕fulfill one’s dream〔实现某人的幻想〕together for a shared future〔一起向将来〕4.英雄和模范人物【根底词汇】outstanding〔杰出的〕excellent〔极好的；优秀的〕ambitious〔有野心的〕loyal〔忠诚的〕hero〔英雄〕field〔田地；领域〕hardworking〔努力工作的〕effort〔努力〕intelligent〔才智的〕wisdom〔才智〕easygoing〔平易近人的〕modest〔虚心的〕creative〔有制造力的〕learn from〔向......学习〕make contributions to〔对......做出奉献〕focus on〔专注于〕set a good example for/to〔为......树立典范〕【高级词汇】extraordinary〔非凡的〕perseverance〔毅力；不屈不挠的精神〕be born into 〔诞生于〕be mitted with〔致力于〕devote oneself to 〔致力于，献身于〕be dedicated to〔致力于〕live up to〔不负盛名〕regardless of〔尽管；不管〕the will of steel〔钢铁般的意志〕be highlypraised〔被高度赞扬〕be given the title of〔被授予......的称号〕5.自然和环境爱护【根底词汇】endangered〔濒危的〕pollute〔污染〕release〔释放〕habitat〔栖息地〕splendid 〔壮美的〕scenery〔风景〕landscape〔风景〕conservationist〔环境爱护主义者〕cut down trees〔砍伐树木〕waste water〔废水〕throw rubbish around〔乱扔垃圾〕protect the surroundings〔爱护周边环境〕protect rare animals〔爱护稀有动物〕improve the environment〔改善环境〕save energy〔节约能源〕take action〔实行行动〕lowcarbon 〔低碳的〕responsibilities〔责任〕what’s worse 更糟糕的是try one’s best〔尽最大的努力〕【高级词汇】be aware of〔意识到〕be native to〔源于……的，原产于……〕be blamed on〔归咎于〕catch one’s eye〔引起某人的留意〕bring… to life〔带给……生气〕in favour of〔支持，赞同〕do great harm to〔给.....带来很大危害〕be concerned about〔担忧〕in harmony with〔与......和谐共处〕sustainable development〔可持续开展〕6.个人的爱好与爱好【根底词汇】favorite〔最宠爱的〕taste〔爱好，志趣〕hobby〔业余爱好〕read novels〔读小说〕surf the Internet〔上网〕chat online〔在线谈天〕collect stamps〔集邮〕make efriends〔交网友〕climb mountains〔爬山〕enjoy pop music〔宠爱流行音乐〕be interested in〔对……….感爱好〕;【高级词汇】be fond of〔宠爱〕be keen on〔对……着迷〕have a taste in〔宠爱〕have a great love for〔特别宠爱………〕take up〔开头从事〕be addicted to〔沉迷于〕be fascinated by〔对……着迷〕develop an interest in〔在……方面培育爱好〕;7.个人健康【根底词汇】strong〔强壮的〕unhealthy/healthy〔不健康的/健康的〕fat〔太胖的〕thin〔瘦的〕normal〔正常的〕abnormal〔不正常的〕energetic〔精力旺盛的〕near sighted/short sighted〔近视的〕eating habit〔饮食习惯〕eat too much junk food〔吃太多的垃圾食品〕stay/keep healthy/fit〔保持健康〕enough sleep〔充分的睡眠〕good living habit〔良好的生活习惯〕lose weight〔减肥〕nutrition〔养分〕physical and mental condition〔身体与精神状况〕【高级词汇】overweight〔太胖的〕ease the burden〔减轻负担〕be/go on a diet〔节食〕proper diet〔合理的饮食〕be good for/do good to〔对……有好处〕get oneself into shape〔强身健体〕take regular exercise〔进行有规律的运动〕in (good/bad) shape〔身体〕状况良好/状况不佳build up one's body/improve one's health 〔强身健体〕8.抗疫【根底词汇】Covid19〔新型冠状病毒〕pandemic〔流行病〕outbreak〔爆发〕front line〔前线〕risk〔风险；冒......的风险〕wear masks〔戴口罩〕wash hands frequently〔勤洗手〕avoid〔防止〕crowded〔拥挤的〕vaccine〔疫苗〕spread〔传播，集中〕prevent〔阻挡〕control〔掌握〕concern〔关怀〕treatment〔治疗〕defeat〔战胜〕rumor〔谣言〕panic〔恐慌〕helpless〔无助的〕highrisk area〔高风险地区〕be infected with〔感染〕confirmed case〔确诊病例〕positive cases〔阳性病例〕body temperature〔体温〕have a fever〔发烧〕online courses〔网课〕angel in white〔白衣天使〕fight against〔抗击〕keep social distance〔保持社交距离〕in the front line〔在前线〕【高级词汇】sacrifice〔牺牲〕unite as one〔众志成城〕rage〔快速集中；快速集中〕corresponding〔相应的；相关的〕in response to〔对……做出响应〕with joint efforts〔在共同努力下〕be susceptible to〔易感染的〕pay respect to〔向......表达敬意〕have confidence in〔对……有信念〕keep/stay/maintain/remain optimistic〔保持乐观〕。
与不同话题相关的词汇
话题一：中学生的爱好与兴趣Spare time(业余时间), favorite(最喜欢的), Interest(兴趣), hobby(爱好), appetite(嗜好),taste(口味), read novels(也小说), play football/basketball(打足球/篮球), surf the internet(上网), chat online(在线聊天), play games(玩游戏), collect stamps(集邮), make e-friends(交网友), climb mountains(爬山), watch TV(看电视), enjoy popular music(喜欢流行音乐),be interested in(对…感兴趣), develop an interest in(在…方面发展兴趣), be fond of(喜欢…),be keen on(喜欢…), have love for(喜爱…), have a taste in(对…有兴趣) 等。
话题二：劳动与劳动观念Work(工作), be at work(在工作), work hard(努力工作), produce(生产), worker(工人), labor force(劳动力), labor(劳动), voluntary labor(义务劳动)，serve the people(为人民服务)，heart and soul(全心全意)，physical labor(体力劳动), mental labor(脑力劳动), labor viewpoint(劳动观念), labor Day(劳动节), workday(工作日), means of labor(劳动方式), honorable(光荣的), be devoted to(奉献于..), value(价值), earn money(赚钱) , personal interests(个人利益)等。
120个热门话题流行词汇
热门话题流行词汇1201.AA制Dutch treatment; go Dutch2.按揭/抵押贷款mortgage loan3.八卦the Eight Diagrams/Trigrams/Hexagrams, gossip,nosy/snoopy/gossipy4.白手起家starting from scratch / build up from nothing5.摆架子put on the airs6.拜年pay New Year calls or visits7.搬迁户relocated families8.傍大款(of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a richman; lean on a moneybags9.变相涨价disguised inflation10.不可再生资源non-renewable resources11.产业结构升级upgrading of an industrial structure12.长江三角洲Yangtze River Delta13.超前消费over-consuming, excessive consumption14.朝阳产业sunrise industry15.炒作speculation, sensationalization16.筹资raised capital/funds/money17.出风头show off; in the limelight18.传销pyramid selling; multi-level marketing19.窗口行业service trades20.春运Spring Festival travel season, transport during theSpring Festival21.打白条issue IOU22.打黑crack down on speculation and profiteering23.打假crack down on counterfeit goods24.倒计时countdown25.倒爷profiteer26.盗版VCD pirated VCD27.保持低调keep a low key/ a low profile,low-key(ed)/low-pitched/low-profile(d)28.低碳经济low-carbon economy29.第三产业tertiary industry; service sector30.第三代移动电话(3G手机) third generation mobile; 3Gmobile31.点球penalty kick32.点子公司consultancy company33.电话会议teleconference34.豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects35.夺冠take the crown36.二手房second-hand house37.发烧友fancier; zealot; enthusiastic fan38.反腐倡廉combat corruption and build a clean government39.房产house property 房地产real estate40.分期付款installment payment41.风险投资venture capital; risk investment42.扶贫poverty alleviation43.福利彩票welfare lotteries44.工薪阶层salariat; state employee; salaried person45.公费医疗medical services at state expense /free medicare46.公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds47.股本share capital48.国际惯例international common practice49.国内生产总值gross domestic product (GDP)50.航母aircraft carrier51.好莱坞大片Hollywood blockbuster52.宏观调控macro-control53.户口簿residence booklet54.黄金时段prime time55.回扣(return) commission, rake-off56.灰色收入income from moonlighting57.机构臃肿overstaffing in organizations (government)58.基层组织organizations at the grass-roots level59.基础设施infrastructure60.基因工程genetic engineering61.基因突变genetic mutation62.吉祥物mascot63.集体婚礼collective wedding ceremony64.加班work extra shifts / overwork65.假日经济holiday economy66.减负alleviate burdens on sb.67.减员增效downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improveefficiency68.剪彩cut the ribbon69.节能减排energy (saving/conservation/efficiency) andemission reduction70.进修班class for further studies71.京剧票友Peking Opera fan72.经济全球化economic globalization; economic integration73.经济头脑commercially minded people; people withbusiness sense74.精简机构streamline government organs75.居委会neighborhood committee; residents' committee76.举报电话informants' hot-line telephone77.开夜车burn the midnight oil; work over night78.科技含量technology content79.空头支票accommodation note, lip service80.扣帽子put a label on81.扩大内需to expand domestic demand82.拉关系try to curry favor with83.拉拉队cheering squad84.老字号a time-honored brand85.礼仪小姐ritual girl86.连带责任joint liability87.猎头公司head-hunting company88.流动人口transient/floating population89.龙头企业leading enterprise; flagship of the industry90.裸机bare computer / mobile phone91.孟子Mencius 孔子Confucius92.模拟测试mock test; simulated exam93.脑残brain impairment/disfunction, brain-impaired,illogically-minded, idiot, moron94.年夜饭family reunion dinner95.碰钉子get snubbed, get the cheese96.皮包公司bogus company97.啤酒肚beer belly98.票贩子/黄牛scalper, ticket tout99.票房box office100.强化班intensive training program/class101.勤工俭学part-work and part-study system; work-study program102.全能冠军all-around winner103.全天候服务round-the-clock/all-weather service104.绕/兜圈子beat around the bush105.人才流失brain drain106.人均住房per-capita housing107.人情债debt of gratitude108.软新闻soft news109.三八红旗手woman pace-setter110.三维电影three-dimensional movie111.沙尘暴sand storm; dust storm112.商品房commercial housing113.世界末日doomsday, judgment day114.提成take/deduct a percentage (as commission)115.伪娘pseudo girl116.猥琐wretched in appearance, lewd/obscene (猥亵的), freak/weirdo (怪人)117.蜗居Dwelling Narrowness118.无线应用协议WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) 119.选秀talent show120.赈灾disaster relief, relieve the people in disaster。
国才考试词汇
国际人才英语考试常用词汇汇总以下是国际人才英语考试（International English Language Testing System，简称IELTS）的词汇汇总。
这些词汇可以帮助你准备和练习考试。
一般话题词汇：1. Education - 教育2. Technology - 技术3. Environment - 环境4. Health - 健康5. Globalization - 全球化6. Economy - 经济7. Culture - 文化8. Communication - 交流9. Society - 社会10. Politics - 政治学术话题词汇：1. Research - 研究2. Experiment - 实验3. Theory - 理论4. Analysis - 分析5. Conclusion - 结论6. Hypothesis - 假设7. Data - 数据8. Methodology - 方法论9. Literature review - 文献综述10. Peer review - 同行评审常用动词：1. Analyze - 分析2. Evaluate - 评估3. Discuss - 讨论4. Compare - 比较5. Contrast - 对比6. Define - 定义7. Explain - 解释8. Illustrate - 举例说明9. Demonstrate - 展示10. Suggest - 建议常用形容词：1. Significant - 重要的2. Effective - 有效的3. Efficient - 高效的4. Reliable - 可靠的5. Relevant - 相关的6. Essential - 关键的7. Appropriate - 适当的8. Sustainable - 可持续的9. Adequate - 充分的10. Comprehensive - 全面的常用副词：1. Furthermore - 此外2. Moreover - 而且3. Additionally - 另外4. However - 然而5. Nevertheless - 然而6. Furthermore - 此外7. Therefore - 因此8. Similarly - 类似地9. Consequently - 结果10. Nonetheless -另附：一般话题词汇：1. Education - 教育2. School - 学校3. University - 大学4. Student - 学生5. Teacher - 教师6. Classroom - 教室7. Exam - 考试8. Homework - 家庭作业9. Degree - 学位10. Knowledge - 知识11. Learning - 学习12. Study - 学习13. Research - 研究14. Science - 科学15. Technology - 技术16. Computer - 计算机17. Internet - 互联网18. Environment - 环境19. Pollution - 污染20. Climate - 气候21. Global warming - 全球变暖22. Conservation - 保护23. Recycling - 回收利用24. Health - 健康25. Exercise - 锻炼26. Nutrition - 营养27. Diet - 饮食28. Disease - 疾病29. Medicine - 医药30. Doctor - 医生31. Hospital - 医院32. Globalization - 全球化33. Trade - 贸易34. Economy - 经济35. Business - 商业36. Entrepreneur - 企业家37. Market - 市场38. Finance - 金融39. Investment - 投资40. Culture - 文化41. Art - 艺术42. Music - 音乐43. Film - 电影44. Literature - 文学45. Language - 语言46. Communication - 交流47. Speaking - 口语48. Listening - 听力49. Writing - 写作50. Reading - 阅读51. Society - 社会52. Community - 社区53. Family - 家庭54. Friendship - 友谊55. Relationship - 关系56. Marriage - 婚姻57. Politics - 政治58. Government - 政府59. Democracy - 民主60. Human rights - 人权学术话题词汇：1. Research - 研究2. Experiment - 实验3. Theory - 理论4. Analysis - 分析5. Conclusion - 结论6. Hypothesis - 假设7. Data - 数据8. Methodology - 方法论9. Literature review - 文献综述10. Peer review - 同行评审11. Citation - 引用12. Abstract - 摘要13. Academic - 学术的14. Journal - 期刊15. Citation index - 引文索引16. Intellectual property - 知识产权。
英语作文热点话题必备词汇
英语作文热点话题必备词汇热点话题的基本词汇是你顺利完成写作的保证，而其亮点词汇是你得高分的催化剂，两者都掌握才能既有内容又有质量。
话题一：中学生的爱好与兴趣基本词汇：favorite(最喜欢的)；taste(爱好，志趣)； read novels(读小说)；surf the Internet(上网)； chat online(在线聊天)；collect stamps(集邮)； make e\|friends(交网友)； climb mountains(爬山)；enjoy pop music(喜欢流行音乐)亮点词汇：develop an interest in(在……方面培养兴趣)； be fond of(喜欢)；be keen on(对……着迷)； have a taste in(喜爱)；hobby(业余爱好)；be interested in(对……感兴趣)；have a great love for(非常喜爱……) 话题二：友谊基本词汇：make friends with sb.(和某人交朋友)； a strong personality (个性强)； personal matters(私事)； friendly(友好的)； a close friend(一个亲密的朋友)；trust each other (互相信任)；share...with sb.(与某人分享)； keep in touch with sb. (与某人保持联系)； stay best friends with sb. (和某人保持很好的友谊)； a friend in need(患难之交)亮点词汇：get to know sb.(认识某人)； know sb. very well(熟知某人)； precious(珍贵的)；worthy(有价值的)；understanding(善解人意的)；be loyal to(对……忠诚)；keep sb. company.(陪伴，做伴)话题三：招聘与求职基本词汇：employ(雇用)； full\|time(全职的)； part\|time(兼职的)；well\|paid(薪水高的)； be paid by the hour(按小时发工资)；subject(课程)；working experience(工作经验)； health(健康状况)； present address(目前的地址)；graduate from(毕业于)；degree(学位)； scholarship(奖学金)； good grades(良好的成绩)；be good at(擅长)； perienced(有经验的)； confident(自信的)；English and computer ability(英语和计算机能力)亮点词汇：requirement(要求)；resume(简历)；schooling(学校教育)；qualification(资格，学历)； transcript (学生成绩报告单)；apply for(申请)； be skilled in/at(在……方面熟练)； major in(主修)；minor in(辅修)话题四：中学生健康问题基本词汇：physical and mental condition(身体与精神状况)； strong(强壮的)； unhealthy/healthy(不健康的/健康的)； fat(太胖的)；thin(瘦的)； nearsighted/short\sighted(近视的)； normal(正常的)； abnormal(不正常的)； energetic(精力旺盛的)； eating habit(饮食习惯)； eat too much junk food (吃太多的垃圾食品)；stay/keep healthy/fit(保持健康)； enough sleep(充足的睡眠)；good living habit(良好的生活习惯)； lose weight(减肥) ；nutrition(营养)亮点词汇：build up ones body/improve ones health(强身健体)； ease theburden(减轻负担)；be/go on a diet(节食)；overweight(太胖的)； take regularexercise(进行有规律的运动)；proper diet(合理的饮食)；be good for/do good to(对……有益处)话题五：校园文明与安全问题基本词汇：school rules and regulations(学校规章制度)；behave well(表现良好)；be neatly dressed(穿戴整洁)； respect ones teachers and parents(尊敬师长)； be on time(准时)； keep the environment clean(保持环境干净)； break the rules(违反规定)；spit(吐痰)； cheat in the exam(考试作弊)； get in line (排队)；fight with sb.(与某人打架)； punish sb. for (因……处罚某人)亮点词汇：observe discipline(遵守纪律)；civilized(文明的)； be expected to(被期望)；be of no good to (对……毫无益处) 话题六：环境保护基本词汇：pollute(污染)；cut down trees(砍伐树木)；waste water(废水)；throw rubbish around(乱扔垃圾)；protect the surroundings(保护周边环境)；protect rare animals(保护稀有动物)； improve the environment(改善环境)；save energy(节省能源)亮点词汇：do great harm to(给……带来很大危害) 话题七：和谐社会基本词汇：harmonious(和谐的)；honest(诚实的)； credible (可信的)；balanced(平衡的)； social order(社会秩序)； peaceful(和平的)；sustainable development(可持续发展)；help each other(互助)；care for each other(互相关心)； have a liking for (喜爱)；build(创建)； cherish(珍惜)； public morals(社会道德)亮点词汇：devote to(献身)； be public\|spirited(有公德心的)；be concerned with (关心)； live in harmony(和谐共处)阅读原文。
话题词汇整理
话题词汇整理一.工作：【找工作，职位要求，解雇等】Paper(报纸)，want ads (招聘广告)，recruit(招聘), hang out(挂出)，advertisement, job vacancy = job opening(职位空缺), position= post = job(职位), reputationappealing(吸引人的)resume (简历)apply for (申请) , fill in = fill out(填写)，application form (申请表)the letter of application = application letter job interview, candidate = applicant (求职者)short list(最终候选人名单)，qualified (合格的) , slim(希望渺茫)hire , offer，employee , career，professiondegree(学位)，education and experience，devotion and work efficiency，lively and inquiring mind，effective communication skills, the ability to work individually or as a part of the teamquit work= resign fire= lay off = dismiss(解雇), transfer(调任)going out of business(歇业)，unemployment(失业)phased retirement(阶段性退休)【相关人员部门名称】personnel director(人事主管), sales manager(销售经理), Union representative(工会代表)，coworker(同事)= colleague，workplace(工作间), supervisor of personnel(人事管理者)，technician(技师), director(主管), Sales director(销售总监)，district manager(区域经理)，salesrepresentatives(销售代表)，senior manager(高级经理), temporary staff(临时工), marketing consultant(营销顾问)，leisure sector(休闲行业), market research section (市场调查部)advertising section (广告部), public relations officer(公关人员) ，personnel department(人事部门), human resources(人力资源部门) , workforce(劳动力), staff，supervisor. 【关于待遇福利】welfare = benefit package(福利待遇), salary , promotion(升职)job security(就业保障) paid vacation(带薪休假) , relocation expenses (重新安置费用), Travel and social security (旅行和社会保险),【关于工作情绪】Status (状态)好：ambitious，initiative(首创精神)，political correctness ，political-minded(有政治思想的)，Gender sensitive(对性别敏感的)，passion，Get along with=get on with (和睦相处，相处融洽)，beat stress(克服压力)，motivate，shared values and culture(共同的价值观和文化)，user-friendly(人性化)，thrilled(非常激动，开心). ideal(理想) 坏：disappointed，distressed，conservative(保守的)，Sharp(话语尖锐)，indifferent(漠不关心的)，stressful，mental challenge，tedious(乏味的)，arbitrarily(武断地)unbearable(难以忍受的)，partial(偏袒的，不公平的)，Frustration，lonesome complaint(个人抱怨)，be fed up with = be tired of(厌倦)，Gloomy(暗淡，沮丧)，upset (心烦的), emotional problem (情绪问题)【相关描述】odd job(临时工作)，unsocial hours(非正常工作时间)，workload(工作量)feedback(反馈)，prospects(前景)，overwork(过度工作)market share(市场份额)，administrative work(行政工作)，implement plan(执行计划)，specialized work，cut down expenses, utilize resources.二.校园：【校园注册，课程，作业，人物】on campus(校内)，dormitory =dorm(宿舍)，canteen(食堂)，cafeteria(自助餐厅)，lounge(休息室)，library，gym，off campus (校外) Admissions office(招生办公室), sign up = enroll = register/registration(登记，注册), check book(支票本)Class schedule(课程表), course 课程，coursebook(课本) ，lecture(讲课)attend~(上课)，drop class(退课)，skip class(翘课)，extra-curriculum activities(课外活动)，curriculum(总课程)optional course = elective course (选修课)，compulsory course = required course(必须课) subject(学科), major(专业)，philosophy, literature class(文学课), advanced physics(高等物理), Evening /day course(课程)，computer programming(计算机编程)，data processing(数据处理)，statistics(统计学), logic(逻辑学)public administration(公共管理),biology(生物学), psychological counseling(心里咨询), training course，English literature, tutoring service 课后补习班,stay awake(保持清醒)，make a fuss about(小题大做，大惊小怪)，think highly of(高度评价)，help sb out(帮助某人克服困难), concentrate on=focus on ，go over = review = brush up(复习，重新学习)，sleep deficiency= insufficient sleep(睡眠不足), academic difficulty(学业困难), absent ，absent-minded，Assignment 【作业writing~写作任务, seminar, presentation ，deadline,，field trip(实地考察旅行), exam ,take exam, paper, term paper(学期论文), research paper, book list, book report, Oral examination(口试), Contest，speech contest】test-taking strategy(应试策略), scholarship(奖学金)high schooler(美，中学生)，freshman, sophomore，junior，senior，graduates(毕业生)，undergraduates(本科生), , postgraduates(研究生), graduate school (研究生院)，day student(走读学生)，boarding student(寄宿学生), tutor(导师)，professor，lecturer三、酒店：luxury hotel，lodge(旅馆)view(风景)，ocation(位置)，facility(设施) hotel clerk，receptionist(酒店接待) ，holiday-maker(旅行者)，hotel reception(酒店前台), Reservation(预定)，cancellation，guest room(客房)special (特价房) , honeymoon suite [swi:t] (蜜月套房)，luxurioussuite(豪华套房)single / double room(单人间，双人间)charge (收费) ，free of charge(免费)，discount，demand compensation(索赔)，continental breakfast(欧式早餐)，English breakfast(英式早餐)四、饭店：recommendation，dish (一道菜)，routine offer(日常菜)，steak (牛排), French fries (炸土豆条) ,chocolate ice cream (巧克力冰淇淋)，snack，desserts(餐后甜点)apple pie , chocolate cake，seafood，special sauce(特制的调味料)shellfish，be allergic to(对…过敏)，be fussy about(对什么挑剔)Treat(请客)，split the bill(分账)五、交通：【堵车，违规及车祸】road condition(路况)，rush hours= traffic rush=traffic hours (交通高峰期)，Traffic jam= traffic block, be hold up/ stuck in a traffic jam(堵车) break a traffic rule = violate traffic regulations(违反交通规则), parking lot(停车场)，city garage (城区车库)，over speed = speeding(超速),speed limit sign(限速标志)，ran a stop sign (闯停车标志)，overtake(超车), parking ticket(违规停车罚单), fine(v. 罚款n. 罚金)，speedometer(车速表)，driver license (驾照)car crash(撞车), crash/ run into wall (撞向一堵墙) ，completely damaged(严重损毁)，survived the accident (幸存)，minor injuries = slightly hurt (小伤) ，seriously wounded(重伤)六、机场：【机票，航班，登机程序，突发状况】Book ticket ( open~, one way~, round trip~)direct/ non-stop flight (直航)，transfer/ stop over flight(转机)，first/ business / economy cabin ，confirm the flight (确认航班)ticket，passport, check-in counter(登机柜台)，boarding card(登机牌)，security check(安检)，gate(登机口)，board the plane(登机)，take off (起飞)delay(延误)，missed the flight, switch flight (换乘航班)，mechanical problems(机械故障)，wait for further notice.七、运动：【减肥，运动伤害】Gym(健身房), exercising(运动健身，锻炼)，work out(锻炼), waist(腰), out of shape(身材走样)terrific/ perfect( figure / body)(完美身材)?weightlifting(举重) ，keep fit(保持健康)，serious injury / hurt (严重受伤),twisted ankle(扭伤脚踝)，black and blue(遍体鳞伤)，excessive physical training(过度的身体训练)，treatment (治疗)，heal(治愈) 八、租房：【租售房屋，人物关系】Apartment for rent / lease / sale, apartment available, apartment tolet(向外出租的公寓),。
高考英语话题词汇分类
高考英语话题词汇分类一、人物与人际关系类（5题）题1：- 词汇：parent（父母），child（孩子），family（家庭），relative（亲戚），friend（朋友）。
- 解析：这些词汇是描述人物关系的基本词汇。
“parent”可以指父亲或母亲，复数“parents”指父母双亲；“child”的复数“children”表示孩子们，是家庭中的成员；“family”强调家庭这个整体概念，包括家庭成员；“relative”涵盖了各种亲戚关系，如叔叔、阿姨、表亲等；“friend”则是朋友关系，与家庭关系不同，是基于友情建立的关系。
题2：- 词汇：teacher（教师），student（学生），classmate（同学），schoolmate （校友）。
- 解析：在学校环境中，“teacher”是传授知识的人，“student”是接受教育的人。
“classmate”指的是在同一个班级里的同学，他们一起上课、学习；“schoolmate”范围更广，只要是同一个学校的学生都可以称为“schoolmate”，可能不同年级、不同班级。
题3：- 词汇：neighbor（邻居），community（社区），acquaintance（熟人）。
- 解析：“neighbor”是居住在附近的人，邻里关系是社区关系的一部分。
“community”是一个较大的居住区域，包含许多家庭和邻居。
“acquaintance”表示认识的人，但关系不如朋友亲密，可能只是点头之交，邻居和社区里会有很多这样的熟人。
题4：- 词汇：boss（老板），employee（员工），colleague（同事）。
- 解析：在工作场所，“boss”是领导和管理者，“employee”是被雇佣工作的人。
“colleague”指的是在同一个工作单位一起工作的人，同事之间需要合作完成工作任务。
题5：- 词汇：hero（英雄），role model（榜样）。
英语24个话题词汇
高中英语24个话题词汇Topic 1 Personal Information个人出生地信息Place of birth, address, nationality, province, state, community, block, neighborhood, located/situated, etc.个人婚恋信息Marriage, remarry, single, bachelor, fall in love with, abandon, break up, make up with, divorced, heartbroken, widow, etc.个人职业信息Architect, athlete, tutor, general, minister, performer, porter, detective, director, novelist, astronaut, interpreter, accountant, lawyer, statesman, coach, designer, editor, dentist, headmaster, chef, salesman, etc.个人工作资质和能力Suitable, capable, qualified, professional, skillful, determined, talented, lack, motivation, potential, promising, energetic, full-time, part-time, achieve, ambitious, responsible, stress, teamwork, employed, fired, assist, challenge, opportunity, process, tiresome, take charge of, manage, personnel, staff, accomplish, imaginative, intelligent, etc.个人性格信息Adventurous, enthusiastic, creative, generous, moody, friendly, innocent, childish, sensitive, romantic, considerate, humorous, confident, independent, selfish, selfless, easy-going, strong-willed, stubborn, modest, open-minded, optimistic, smart, outgoing, etc.个人其他信息Male, female, e-mail address, ID number, postcode, identification, income, salary, passport, educated, degree, major, hobby, occupation, race, minority, immigrant, orphan, career, status, diploma, position, relative, etc.信息、数据的使用Register, delete, leave out, copy, usage, survey, fill out, questionnaire, application form, chart, table, apply for, look up, download, data, update, material, analyze, input, erase, preserve, store, convey, connection, evaluate, reference, imitate, etc.Topic 2 Family, Friends and People Around家人及关系描述Couple, cousin, father-in-law, mother-in-law, nephew, niece, parent, relationship, relative, sister-in-law, adopt, communicate, anniversary, divorce, inherit, marry, quarrel, raise, shelter, split; close, considerate, distant; break up, bring up, depend on, make up, etc.朋友和周围的人及关系描述Acquaintance, colleague, company, companion, fellow, guest, host, hostess, neighbor; argue, share; familiar; get along with, get on well with, have fun with, make fun of, make one’s acquaintance, play a trick on, rely on, etc.其他Ancestor, argument, bride, bridegroom, generation, harmony, marriage, personality, privacy, widow; engaged, personal, single, married, etc.Topic 3 Personal Environments方位地点描述Be located/situated in, stand, location, off, lie in/on/to, across from/opposite, on the left/right of, to the left/right of, next to, between, at the back of, near, nearby, on top of, bound, behind, etc.周围环境描述Surroundings, improve, take measures, equip, equipment, facility, public, build, scenery, scenic spot, mountainous, landscape, be abundant in, etc.对周围环境感受Comfortable, comfort, dirty, keep a balance, balanced, peaceful, cozy, in order, in harmony, shelter somebody/something from, shelter, convenient, modern, quiet/silent, rough, grand, shabby, impress, etc.房屋内部组成Downstairs, upstairs, entrance, entry, exit, fence, furnished, furniture, study, roof, basement, living room, dining room, bath, bathe, balcony, etc.房屋类型Architecture, architect, design, flat, apartment, house, bungalow, villa, cottage, dormitory, decorate, decoration, one-story house, etc.服务设施Access, accessible, neat, mess, attractive, serve, service, parking lot, laundry, garage, supermarket, museum, stadium, theatre, gallery, hotel, barber shop, restaurant, travel agency, bank, tea house, grocery, green grocery, railway station, subway/metro/underground/tube, drugstore, cafeteria, etc.周围环境变化Change, take place, take on a new look, newly-built, used to be, etc.Topic 4 Daily Routines看电视、上网、聊天Watch, view, surf, chat, email, message, text, interview, report, series, micro-blog, record, impress, move, laugh, broadcast, produce, announce, adapt, enjoy, undated, host, advertise, affect, effect, direct, act, live show, switchon/off, turn over, turn up/down, be on air, etc.就餐Dine, feed, swallow, breakfast, snack, barbeque, picnic, fresh, raw, ripe, cook, heat, bite, drink, book, order, reserve, pay, serve, taste, recommend, tip,atmosphere, seat, toast, diet, nutrition, lay, at table, help oneself to, treat sb. to sth. , etc.家务Sweep, cook, wash, housework, tidy, clean, mess, neat, furniture, equipment, polish, household, put away, water the flower, iron the shirt, etc.外出：Trip, visit, ride, walk, drive, fly, fishing, diving, sailing, breathe, sunbathe, view, relax, nature, refresh, explore, sightseeing, go outing, go camping, drop in at/on, get close to nature, take photos of sth., etc.起居：Brush, shower, wash hands and face, bathe, dress, shave, asleep, awake, sleepy, daily, lay the table, sit around, stay up, wake up, be up, put on, etc.日常学习：Study, learn, write, teach, method, example, think, reflect, attention, focus, concentrate, progress, prepare, break, interval, effort, hurry, go to school, gain, achieve, dream, aim, goal, pay off, be absorbed in, be buried in, problem, trouble, accumulate, pressure, relieve, stick to, etc.生活娱乐：Live, lead a happy life, positive, attitude, recreate, entertain, enjoy, leisure, keep fit, etc.Topic 5 School Life学校概述Scholarship, academic, course, compulsory course, optional/selective course, cover, be divided into, etc.学科：Mathematics, biology, geography, IT(Information Technology), PE(Physical Education), physics, etc.对待学习的态度：Attitude, be enthusiastic about, amazed, serious, bored, embarrassed, be impressed with, disappointed, etc.课堂活动/表现Behavior, lively, organized, amusing, energetic, popular, hard-working, intelligent, shy, strict, stupid, comprehension, handwriting, instruction,by/with a ... Method, textbook, patient, misunderstanding, get down to, focus on..., consider, make progress, etc.实验课堂：Add...to..., aim, balance, burn, expand, float, equipment, form, liquid, solid, mixture, oxygen, steam, percent, a quarter, draw a conclusion, etc.课外活动：After-school/outdoor activities, punctual, look back on, have fun, competitive, elect, attractive, photography, be keen on..., suit, etc.表达观点：It’s a great pity that..., as far as I am concerned, in my view, as for me, I find it strange/interesting/amusing that..., it seems to me that..., be considered as..., it is up to you, I am with you on that..., to one’s amazement, in other words, as a result, etc.Topic 6 Interests and Hobbies兴趣类别Basketball, soccer, bicycle, bowling, boxing, camp, cartoon, go to the cinema, stamp collecting, comedy, computer, cook, dance, gymnastics, play the guitar, kite, literature, marathon, motorcycle, go to a movie, go to a concert, music,outing, reading, go sightseeing, sport, play table tennis, play ping-pong, symphony, watch television/TV, go to the theatre, trip, travel, walk, etc.喜爱:Be fond of, be keen on, prefer, enjoy, feel like(doing) sth.,have/show/express/take an interest in sth., be interested in, desire, delight, delighted, etc.习惯：Develop/form a habit of (doing) sth., get into/be in the habit of (doing) sth., get/be used to (doing) sth., get/be accustomed to (doing) sth., etc.吸引：Appeal to sb, appeal to sb. to do sth., attract, attractive, fascinate, etc.赞美：Amusement, amazing, amazed, awesome, comfortable, cool, entertainment, enjoyable, fantastic, extreme, extra, extraordinary, favourite(美式：favorite), fun, great, happiness, happy, interesting, joy, pleasant, please, pleased, pleasure, practical, etc.专注投入：Be absorbed in, be buried in, commit oneself to (doing) sth., concentrate on, focus on, be devoted to, devotion, be eager to do sth., be enthusiastic about, be occupied with., etc.收获益处：Gain, obtain, beneficial, benefit, contribute to, make contributions/a contribution to, make a difference (to), have an effect/influence on, affect, influence, harvest, health, healthy, help sb. (do) sth., help (do) sth., help sb. With sth. Helpful, inspire, provide a platform for sb., relax, refresh, tool, treasure, various, variety, value, valuable, useful, worth, worthy, worthwhile, wonderful, wisdom, wise, etc.Topic 7 Emotions愉快与满足：Delighted, delightful, joyful, amused, pleased, pleasant, be satisfied with, satisfaction, etc.厌倦与厌恶：Be/get bored with, be tired of, be fed up with, disgusted, disgusting, etc.恐惧：Frightened, be scared of, scare sb. to death., scary, panic, horror, horrible, make one’s hair stand on end, etc.痛苦、悲伤、失望：Painful, sorrow, miserable, be disappointed at/about/by sth., be disappointed in/with sb., to one’s disappointment, let sb. Down, frustrated, etc.焦虑与压力：Anxious, anxiety, under stress/pressure, be stressed out, stressful, etc.后悔、遗憾：Regret, to one’s regret, regretful, It’s a pity that, what a pity, wish+虚拟语气，etc.愤怒、不快:Anger, annoying, annoyed, upset, depressed, depression, etc.其他：Awkward, embarrassed, astonished, sympathy, be sympathetic with, etc.Topic 8 Plans and Intentions计划：Plan, intend, dream, aim, reserve, draw, approach, outline, scheme, map out, be determined to do sth., long for, make up one’s mind to do sth., etc.建议：Advise, suggest, recommend, proposal, declare, etc.请求许可、禁止：Permit, allow, forbid, ban, prohibit, etc.可能：Possible, probably, likely, be likely to do sth., etc.需要：Want, need, require, deserve, must, demand, etc.Topic 9 Festivals, Holidays and Celebrations中国传统节日：New Year’s Eve, Spring Festival/Chinese New Year’s Day, Lantern Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Double SeventhFestival/Chinese Valentine’s Day, Mid-Autumn Festival/Moon Festival, Double Ninth Festival, etc.西方传统节日：New Year’s Day, Valentine’s Day, April Fool’s Day,Easter Day, Mother’s Day, Father’s Day, Halloween, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, etc.时间：Be celebrated on, celebrate...for...years/since..., on the first/second/...day of the first/second/...month of the lunar/solar calendar, last(for)...on end, date back to/from..., etc.地点：Origin, originate from/in..., be celebrated in/on...意义：Be symbolized by, symbolic/symbolical, symbol, stand for, mark, a mark of穿着：Wear, be dressed in..., dress up, be dressed up...as..., a magnificent costume 活动：Decorate...with..., wander, be crowded with, wear masks, parade, have fun, be made fun of, play a joke on, unite, propose a toast, set off fireworks, family reunion dinner, be reunited with, lucky money, be celebrated with, a celebration of, ceremonyTopic 10 Shopping买卖：Customer, buy/purchase, cheap, valuable, change, select, sell (out), on sale, go shopping, pick out, try on, at least/most, bargain, catalogue, consumer, consume, marketing, charge(free of charge), return, supermarket, etc.产品：Product, produce, production, etc.支付：Money, price, receipt, tax, cost, pay, spend, cash, credit card, bill, exchange rate, interest rate, cheque/check, expense, fare, fee, tip, etc.场所：Counter, mall, shelf, shop, stall, supermarket cashier, cash desk, department store, shopping center, show window, etc.其他：Account, deposit, discount, e-shopping, afford, book, decline, decrease, increase, order, raise, worth, of good/poor value, in need of, run out (of), goods, etc.Topic 11 Food and Drink宴会用语：Guest, entertainment, menu, customer, barbecue, begin with, end up, manners, etc.点评食物：Delicious, appetite, remark, favorite, like, dislike, complain, taste, etc.烹饪或食用方式：Boil, roast, raw, ripe, fry, etc.饮食文化：Fixed, consume, abundant, be popular, etc.饮食与健康：Owe…to…, go against, injure, diet, fit, balance, unhealthy, treat, overweight, patient, have an effect on, symptom, nutrition, nutritious, painful, etc.Topic 12 Weather晴朗天气：Sun, sunny, clear, fair, fine, sunshine, cloudless, warm, fresh, mild, sunny, cosy, shine, brilliant, etc.阴沉天气：Cloud, cloudy, dull, dark, etc.雨雪天气：Rain, rainy, rainfall, ice rain, icy, downpour, rainbow, shower, storm, stormy, thunder, thunderstorm, lightning, pour, snow, snowfall, snowy, frost, dew, chilly, freezing, etc.风：Wind, windy, gentle, etc.雾：Fog, foggy, smoke, mist, misty, haze, dust, etc.自然灾害：Disaster, earthquake, flood, drought, hurricane, volcano, typhoon, sandstorm, desertification, tidal wave, mudflow/landslide, volcanic earthquake, tsunami, tornado, catastrophe, etc.描述天气：Cool, cold, chilly, damp, wet, freeze, freezing, frozen, hot, dry, changeable, terrible, bright, calm, temperature, degree, humidity, forecast, gorgeous, fascinating, expand, fantastic, frequently, go up, go down, reduce, be likely to, colorful, column, erupt, tropical, violent, tidal, frightening, equator, wave, inland, melt, pick up, prediction, solar, vary, decline, annual, extreme, balance, exploration, promote, severe, alarm, decrease, heaven, peaceful, etc.天气影响：Violent, scary, be caught in, one after another, have a bad effect on, give out, cause, bury, occur, strike, ruin, blow, burn, burst, destroy, predict, rescue, shake, supply, survive, survival dangerous, muddy, natural, conditions, pleasant, compared to, urgent, pollute, complain, damage, danger, death, terrifying, affect, influence, sunburnt, current, be blocked with, prevent from, etc.衣着：Coat, hat, sunglasses, sun-cream, umbrella, raincoat, warm clothes, collar, gloves, rubber boots, etc.天气相关：Climate, atmosphere, environment, experience, on average, end up, plenty of, in all, northwest, above zero, below zero/freezing, season, spring, summer, autumn(fall), winter, visibility, desert, scenery, seaside, scene, landscape, etc.Topic 13 Interpersonal Relationship问候与介绍：introduce, make an introduction to sb., greet, recommend, salute sb., give a salute to sb., remember me to sb., give/send one’s (kind/best) regards to sb., etc.感谢： thank, thankful, grateful, appreciate, owe, in return, appreciation, etc. 道歉与原谅：Apology, apologize, excuse, forgive, pardon, regret, forget it, never mind, etc. 祝愿与祝贺：Celebrate, in celebration of, congratulate, congratulation, wish, hope, bless, good luck, etc.告别：Say goodbye to, see sb. off, departure, get separated, part, break up, etc.打电话：call up, ring up, hang up, hang on, get through, call back, phone, busy, dial, answer, message, etc.约会：date, appointment, cancel, call off, agree on, etc.帮助：help…out, do sb. a favor, aid, assist, assistance, turn to sb. for help, with the help of, etc.允许： allow, permit, approve of, in favor of, admit, permission, etc.拒绝： refuse, reject, turn down, rejection, decline, refusal, etc.要求与命令： require, requirement, order, command, request, demand, ask for, claim, call for, insist, etc.警告与禁止： warn sb. of sth., forbid, prohibit, remind, watch out, look out, caution, etc.劝告与建议： advise, advice, suggestion, suggest, persuade, recommend, urge, propose, etc.交往： make contact with, share…with, get on with, disagree with, argue with, be in disagreement with, rely on, be in conflict with, be on good/bad terms with, get/keep in touch/contact with, quarrel, make up, betray, exchange ideas/views with, communicate with, stay best friends, etc.感受： look upset, get nervous, be pleased with, be worried about/worry about, be/get angry with sb. about sth., be disappointed with/in sb., be disappointed at/about/with sth., be confident of sth., It is a pity that…, be hurt/be in pain, be blessed with, be ashamed of, etc.Topic 14 Health健康： keep energetic, wish you good health, be in poor health, healthy, unhealthy, slim, junk food, keep fit, stay healthy, build up one’s strength, etc. 受伤与： suffer from, headache, get relief from, recover from one’s injury,painstaking efforts, no pains, no gains, stomach pains, wound, hurt, injure, damage, ache, harm, do such great harm to health, the injured, etc.饮食习惯： go on a balanced diet, lose weight, keep fit, develop healthy eating habits, be good for health, get into the habit of, protein, nutrition, physical health, produce far-reaching effect on the health of grown-ups, be iin good health, balance one’s diet, build physical endurance, be high in fat, gain weight, be on a diet, form a good habit of, relax my body, take deep breaths of fresh air, lose weight, cut down, take regular exercise, a well-balanced diet, etc.心理健康： mental ability, mental attitude, physical and mental health/fitness, abnormal mental state, do good to health, be mentally unhealthy, keep optimistic pessimistic, etc.Topic 15 Entertainment and Sports(一)运动项目、场地、器械和服装: marathon, boxing, football, rugby, volleyball, badminton, tennis, table tennis, baseball, golf, wrestling, bowling, swimming, skiing, shooting, skating, diving, athletics, gymnastics; stadium, track, ring, pitch, field, net, bat, club; tracksuit, trainer, brand, sportswear, etc.比赛和参赛人员： race, competition, match, tournament, league, association, final, tie; win, beat, defeat, defend, victory, glory, failure; prize, medal; professional, amateur, etc.其他： participate in/take part in; give up, set/hold/break the record, take the lead, audience, hold on e’s breath, cheer, rise to one’s feet, referee, register, time, retire, challenge, tough, determined, etc.（二）娱乐消遣1. 音乐类型和乐器： country music, popular (pop), classical, rap, blues, rock, folk, symphony, jazz, piece of music, characteristic; instrument, string, drum, violin, piano, etc.听音乐的方式： on the radio, on CD, on television, etc.人员： master musician, band, composer, conductor, pianist, etc.创作演出： tune, perform, put on, concert, interpret, give life to, skillful, album, interval, audience, etc.2. 影视戏剧： action, cartoon, comedy, tragedy, horror, thriller, detective, science fiction, opera, series, etc.人员：director, actor, actress, cast, etc.创作、演出、观看：character, plot, role; act; theatre, cinema, channel, stage, studio, audience, clap; admission, box office, etc.评论：receive reviews, entertainment; amuse, impress; amusing, critical, boring, dull, entertaining, funny, horrible, humorous, impressive, interesting, moving; burst into, etc.Topic 16 Travel and Transport交通方式及工具： aboard, aircraft, airplane, ambulance, cab, canal, carriage, coach, board, means of transport, transfer, traffic jam, ferry, freeway, helicopter, highway, lorry, motorcycle, railway, sail, shuttle, spaceship, tractor, tram, trolleybus, ride a bike/by bike, drive a car/by car, take a bus/by bus, by boat/ship/water/sea, take off, etc.指路与问路： crossroad/crossing; It’s about five minutes’ walk; Take Bus No. 2 and get off at the next stop; Turn right at the second turning. / Take the second turning on the right ; Go/Walk down/along the road and turn right. You’ll see the post office, etc.询问与预订： accommodation, association, agent, travel agency, book, guide, airlines/airways, flight ticket, passport, visa, identity (ID) card, national park, DIY tour, space tourism, group/organized tour, a self-driven trip, reception, receptionist, reservation, etc.描绘旅程：abandoned, accident, adventure, attain, attract, attractive, attraction, camp, cottage, custom, expedition, explore, destination, distant, grand, hilly, luggage, mountainous, natural, outdoors, comfortable, well-organized, outing, parking, path, pedestrian, passenger, portable, primitive, precious, prohibit, recreation, remote, roundabout, scenery, sightseeing, souvenir, steep, sunny, sunrise, sunset, tax-free, tent, tour, journey, trip, voyage, wide, wild, wildlife, worldwide, go on a wildlife tour/a hiking trip, see sb. off, be on holiday/a visit, etc.旅游感受： awesome, awful, enjoyable, flexible, horrible, impress, interesting, appeal to, rare, regret, remote, splendid, sunny, super, superb, fantastic, boring/dull, tiring, in high spirits, etc.描绘（旅游）地点： abroad, accessible, arch, automonous, avenue, bank, barbecue, beach, capital, castle, coast, country, desert, downtown, harbour, inn, jungle, lounge, nearby, nest, offshore, passage, port, pub, pyramid, range, seaside, shelter, sight, skyscraper, stream, temple, terminal, tower, town, urban, valley, places of interest, scenic spots, have access to, etc.Topic 17 Nature（一）动物与植物: horse, bull, cow, pig, sheep, goat, lamb, zebra, deer, giraffe, camel, elephant, cat, lion, tiger, dog, fox, wolf, squirrel, bear, rabbit, rat, mouse, monkey, kangaroo, bat, whale, dolphin, eagle, hen, chicken,parrot, snake, frog, fish, butterfly, mosquito, etc.常见植物名称： rose, pea, apple, pear, orange, pine, bamboo, cabbage,carrot, onion, pumpkin, potato, tomato, wheat, watermelon, banana,cherry, coconut, grape, mango, nut, bean, etc.与动物和植物相关的名词：Insect, nest, tail, zoo, wing, beef, pork, tusk,fur, claw, feather, root, seed, leaf, fruit, flower, trunk, branch, ring,wood, juice, etc.修饰动物和植物的形容词：gentle, fierce, violent, cute, pretty, cold-blooded, aggressive, lazy, tough, thin, bush, high, crisp, juicy, gorgeous, fresh, reproductive, etc.(二)自然环境七大洲、四大洋和两极： Asia, Europe, Africa, Oceania, Antarctica, SouthAmerica, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, theIndian Ocean, the Arctic Ocean, the South Pole, the North Pole, Mt.Qomolangma, etc.地形地貌： plain, plateau, hill, mountain, river, lake, stream, land,ocean/sea, waterfall, gulf, island, rainforest, etc.自然资源： oil, coal, water, air, soil, (natural) gas, wood, sunshine, solid, liquid, oxygen, metal, iron, etc.天气： sunny, rainy, windy, cloudy, fine, snowy, warm, cold, cool, hot, mild, rain, wind, snow, cloud, storm, etc.自然现象与灾害： disaster, flood, hurricane, lightning, thunderstorm, tornado, column, current, equator, wave, ash, lava, volcano, earthquake, sandstorm, tide, stream, etc.自然灾害的发生： strike/hit, erupt, ruin, occur, active, worldwide, extinct, etc.Topic 18 Language LearningListen, speak, read, write, pronounce, spell, copy, repeat, practice, review, translate, memorize, consult, adopt, imitate, attention, dictionary, motivation, vocabulary, atmosphere, confidence, concentration, resource, grammar, effective, selective, etc.语言学习的目的： attempt, communicate, express, convey, exchange, broaden, promote, interpreter, conversation, cooperation, tool, growth, social relationship, proficiency, fluent, appropriateTopic 19 The World and Environment地球环境： atmosphere, soil, farmland, water source, natural resources, ocean circulation, ecosystem, forest, desert, mountain range, ecological balance, etc.环境污染与破坏： pollute, radiate, poison, noise, destroy, harm, increase, bring about, due to, have an influence on sth., etc.环境恶化的表现： acid rain, global warming, greenhouse effect, desertification, deforestation, soil loss, climate change, energy crisis,be threatened with, population explosion, etc.环境保护： protection, preserve, reserve, environmentally-friendly, improve, harmony, sort, garbage classification, solar, take action to do sth. prevent sb. from doing sth., be responsible for, attach importance to sth., advocate doing sth., bring/get sth. under control, raisepeople’s environmental awareness, in return, protect sth. against sth. etc.节约与循环利用： save, economize, conservation, recycle, reuse, alternative, renewable, circulate, make full use of, etc.垃圾和各种废物： rubbish, waste, trash, garbage, litter, landfill, carbon dioxide, greenhouse gases, smog, pollutant, emission, ash, dust, dirt, etc.缺乏与过度开发： short, lack, overdevelop, surplus, water shortage, etc.Topic 20 Tropical Issues――low-carbon lifestyle低碳生活的概念： low-carbon, lifestyle, environment, environmentally-friendly, eco-friendly, alternative, energy, consumption, reduce,carbon-dioxide, emission, attitude, etc.低碳生活的意义、重要性： rewarding, benefit, make a contribution to, contribute to, slow down, meaningful, significant, significance, provide sth. for sb., have access to, harmony, prevent sb. from doing sth., etc.低碳生活的方法、措施：take measures/take action, protect…from, improvement, become devoted to, develop a habit, get rid of, overcome, absorb, undertake, lead to, etc.Topic 21 Popular Science and Modern Technology计算机软件和硬件：computer, keyboard, modern, monitor, mouse, screen, program, software, system, virus, battery, application (apps), break down, etc.信息和网络： data, document, information, e-mail, file, Internet, link, network, website, online, search engine, web page, chat, exchange, message, electronic, communicate, get in touch with, shop online, surf the Internet, on the Internet, etc.操作：access, scan, click, copy, crash, delete, download, editor, insert, operate, switch, click on, shut down, etc.太空旅游与探索：astronaut, astronomer, globe, gravity, orbit, pilot, rocket, satellite, shuttle, space, spaceship, telescope, universe, experiment, explore, solar, plane, aircraft, airline, discover, solar system, remote control, etc.发明与创造： revolution, observe, analyze/analyse, solve, inspire, measure, simplify, conclude, contribute, predict, design, invent, create, patent, update, make a breakthrough, make great contributions to, etc.设备、技术与进步： advance, breakthrough, development, progress, process, procedure, technology, technique, equipment, method, nuclear, etc.科学与生活：science, scientific, disaster, advantage, disadvantage, convenient, intelligent, fundamental, practical, skeptical/skeptical, beneficial, controversial, valid, optional, contradictory, portable, automatic, trend, benefit from, put…into use, have an effect on, change one’s life, bring about, etc.材料与属性：mixture, steel, aluminium, metal, mineral, dioxide, plastic, liquid, steam, expand, react, form, boil, float, resist, radioactive, take the place of, etc.Topic 22 History and Geography(一)历史（history）时期朝代：AD, age, ancient, BC, century, contemporary, decade,dynasty, generation, history, historic, historical, modern, period,previous, permanent, evolution, past, present, primitive, date back to/date from, throughout, all through, etc.文化风俗：ancestor, anniversary, antique, civilization, conventional, culture, cultural, custom, immigration, observe, origin, religion,religious, settle, settlement, tradition, traditional, pyramid, keep up, pass down, know for/as, etc.（二）地理（geography)方位、方向： bottom, centre/center, central, opposite, direction, edge, north, northern, northeast, northeastern, northwest, northwestern, northward(s), south, southern, southeast, southeastern, southward(s), east, eastern, eastward(s), west, western, westward(s), locate, location, position, lie, surface, upper, altitude, offshore, seaside, beginning, end, ahead of, etc.距离、范围： distance, distant, depth, height, kilometer, mile, remote, faraway, apart, throughout, away, spread, extend, extension, as far as, out of reach, within one’s reach, be/get close to, all over, etc.经济、资源： abundant, rich, agriculture, agricultural, industry, industrial, commercial, business, resource, develop, development, boom, increase, decrease, decline, double, export, import, financial, output, energy, trade, etc.人口和面积： area, population, rural, urban, female, male, age group, birth rate, death rate, resident, explode, aging, nationality, grow, fall, expand, explosion, spread, bring/get...under control, etc.自然地貌： land, sea, bay, canal, ocean, vast, coast, harbour, island, lake, port, river, strait, channel, stream, land, boundary, desert, field, forest, jungle, mountain, mountainous, hill, hilly, plain, range, rock, soil, valley, earth, environment, shore, beach, seashore, volcano, volcanic, etc.世界、地区、国家、省、州和城市： continent, country, border,k divide, separate, empire, globe, global, international, mainland, nation, national, nationwide, world, worldwide, native, republic, state, capital, district, downtown, province, region, zone, town, suburb, etc.宇宙、太空和天空： universe, star, planet, satellite, sun, earth, moon,orbit, (outer) space, solar, sky, air, atmosphere, sunrise, sunset, etc.Topic 23 Society遵守与违反： obey, respect, show respect for, observe, keep, behave well, be in harmony with, in support of, break, be suitable for, etc. 社会与社区： society, government, community, neighborhood,household, social order, social issues, social problem, social system, public concern, the nursing home, law, rule, regulation, discipline, the one-child policy, set up, etc.关护： care for, care abo ut, show one’s concern for, take ... intoconsideration, pay attention to, call on, etc.就业：occupation, job, career, employ, employment, employer,unemployed, volunteer, temporary/permanent, apply for, take-home salary, full-time salary, full-time employee, in the demand for, etc.宗教、风俗、文化： religion, religious, race, racial, custom, culture, take it for granted, establish, have (an) effect on, etc.Topic 24, Literature and Art文学作品类型： adventure, biography, crime, fantasy, history, thriller, cartoon, horror, science fiction, etc.电影类型：adventure film, crime film, thriller film, horror film, martial arts film/action film, romantic film, comedy, tragedy, documentary film, detective film, animation/cartoon, fantasy film, military/war film, etc.电视节目类型： TV series, chat show, quiz show, soap (opera), sports program, news, etc.。
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Positive:Encourage 促使Inspire 鼓励Boost 促进Promote -facilitate促进，便于Develop 发展,培养，养成Prosper 繁荣/ thrive/ Flourish/ blossom/ boomSucceedBe credited to 归功于Improve 提高、改善Strengthen/enhance/consolidate/ Underpin / 加强Broaden 拓宽Enable / allow sb to do 使…能够Cultivate/ foster/ nurture 培养minimize/ maximize 最小化/ 最大化optimize 优化favor 偏向prefer 倾向Provide- supply- offer 提供Ensure- make sure 保证Protect-safeguard-preserve 保护Be committed to 致力于Be equipped with 具备Adj:positive-beneficial-helpful-supportive-advantageous-constructive–optimistic–satisfactory- favorable- preferable- popular-dominant- best- optimal-profitableNegative:Hurt 伤害Damage / Impair消弱/ Undermine/ jeopardize/destroy 破坏Stop /Prevent 阻止/ Hinder / deter威慑deprive of 剥夺Get into trouble doing sth/ Have problem in…Limit/Restrict/ Constrain 限制(be restricted to 局限于) FailDevastate 摧毁condemn 谴责threaten 威胁concern 担心out of date 过时n．loss n.损失lack n.缺乏barrier -obstacle—difficulty- -challenge 困难dilemma n.困境disaster n.灾难adj:negative- adverse- damaging-detrimental-harmful- disadvantageous-pessimistic-destructive–dangerous- unfavourable, excessive, traumatic disastrous话题分类词汇表Education:1.eyesight 视力2.be addicted to 沉迷于3.create learning environment创造学习环境4.learning outcome 学习效果5.academic performance 学习成绩cational status 教育水平7.concentrate on / focus on 专注于8.immediate feedback/ response及时反馈/ 回应9.interact--interaction 互动，互相作用10.time arrangement 时间安排11.participate=get involved in= be engaged in参与12.leisure activities 休闲活动13.extra-curriculum activities 课外活动14.tailor a class instruction for a specific group ofstudents 根据特定的学生群调节课堂教学15.be tailored to their needs 满足个性化的需要16.weakness and strength 优缺点、优劣势17.distract-distraction 分散18.attract--attraction吸引19.overall / rounded development 全面发展prehensive skills 综合能力prehensive education 全面教育22.physical and mental health 身心健康23.intellectual development 智力发展24.intelligent 聪明的25.cultivate/ foster/ nourish 培养26.flexibility n. 灵活性flexible a.27.physical coordinative skill 身体协调能力28.Cognitive skills 认知能力29.academic ability 学习能力30.Uniqueness 独特性31.critical thinking 批判性思维32.analytical skills 分析能力33.logic thinking 逻辑思维34.Creativity n. 创造力creative a. create v. creationn.35.appreciation of beauty 对美的欣赏36.Fine motor skills 动手能力37.reach their full potential.充分发挥潜力38.exploit potential 开发潜能39.Academic performance 成绩40.stimulate one’s interest 激发兴趣41.motivation 动力，积极性；motivate 激发积极性，motivated42.persevere v.坚持perseverance n.43.enthusiasm/passion n.热情enthusiastic / passionatea.44.enjoyable atmosphere令人愉快的氛围45.cooperation/ teamwork合作petition/ rivalry竞争47.challenging 有挑战性的,有难度的48.aspiration for 渴望49.inspiration 灵感，激发灵感的人、物50.ambition n. 抱负ambitious a.51.progress 进步52.achievement/ accomplishment 成就53.be exposed to - exposure 接触54.discipline v.约束self-discipline 自律prehensive school 综合学校56.selective school重点学校57.independent school 私立学校58.evaluate 评价59.curriculum学校课程60.course-subject 课程61.literacy 读写能力；技能pulsory subjects 必修课63.elective subjects 选修课64. a wide range of 广泛的65.divide.. evenly 平均分配66.give priority to 优先考虑67.take advantage of 利用68.shape / form character 形成性格69.self-esteem / self-confidence 自尊/ 自信70.fulfilling 充实的71.rewarding 满意的72.outstand = excel 杰出的73.frustrated/ devastated受挫的74.depressed 抑郁的，depressing令人抑郁的75.be motivated 积极的76.broad-minded心胸开阔77.narrow-minded 狭窄78.attention disorder 注意力不集中79.obedient- rebellious 听话的-叛逆的80.peer pressure 来自同龄人的压力81.be concerned about 关心82.social division 社会分工83.establish themselves in society立足社会84.university entrance standard大学入学标准85.in-depth study 深入学习86.Liberal/ general education 通才教育87.generalist 通才88.career-oriented 以职业为导向的89.job prospect 工作前景petency 称职，能力91.working experience 工作经验92.specialized education 专科教育93.specialist 专才94.technical expertise 专业知识技能95.postsecondary education 高中后教育96.undergraduate 本科97.higher/ tertiary education高等教育cational institution 教育机构99.vocational and technical education职业教育技术教育100.further education 继续教育101.lifelong learning 终身学习102.“o ne size fits all" model 万能模式103.intellectual elite文化精英104.campus life/facilities 校园生活/ 设施105.academic qualification/ credential 学历106.bachelor degree 学士学位107.postgraduate 研究生108.master degree 硕士学位109.theory / principle 理论，原理110.concept 概念111.theoretical knowledge 理论知识112.practical/ specialist/ professional knowledge 专业知识113.discipline 学科114.engineering 工科115.science 理科116.arts 文科117.admission to university 入学Technology1.globalization 全球化2.global market 全球市场3.Export出口4.Import 进口5.Trade 贸易6.vehicle 交通工具7.transport/ ship 运输8.flight 航班9.aviation 航空业10.Tourism 旅游业tourist/ traveller 游客11.tourist destination 旅游胜地12.satisfy one’s curiosity 满足好奇心13.broaden one’s horizon/ extend one’s outlook 拓宽视野14.enrich one’s experience/ knowledge 丰富经历/ 知识15.be biased against对…有偏见16.Create jobs 创造就业岗位17.Increase tax revenues增加税收18.Drive economic and social progress 推动经济和社会的发展19.economic growth 经济增长20.Living standard 生活水平21.material life 物质生活22.diversify v.- diverse a.- diversity n.多元23.daily necessity 日用品24.diet 饮食25.consumer goods/ commodity 消费品26.Alleviate poverty 减少贫穷27.Employment rate 就业率28.Consumption / expenditure消费，开支anic food有机食物30.glasshouse production大棚生产31.sustainable development持续发展32.self-reliance 自给自足33.limit access to 限制准入34.food miles 食物运输里程35.processed food 加工食品36.package v. 包装37.preserve v.保存preservation n.38.deliver 递送39.distribute v. distribution 批发，分配40.in-season 当季的41.out of season 非当季的42.ripe 成熟的43.specialize in 专门从事44.surplus- excess 过剩45.geography- geographic 地理/的46.crop yield 庄稼产量47.fuel 燃料- biofuel 生物燃料48.cargo-freight 货物49.efficiency 效率50.effective use of resources资源的有效使用51.affordability 购买力52.impose stress on 施加压力53.supply 供给- demand 需求54.productivity生产力55.product 产品56.production 生产57.productive 多产的，有成效的58.mass production 规模生产59.stream line 流水线60.manufacture 生产61.work force/ labor force劳动力62.operating/ running cost 运营成本63.profit 利润bor/ time/ energy saving 省力/省时/省电的65.time consuming费时的petitive advantages/ edge 竞争优势67.wealth gap 贫富差距68.consumerism 消费主义69.over-consumption 过度消费70.excessive 过度的71.short-lived = non-durable使用周期短的72.obsolete = unfashionable= out of date 过时的73.purchase = buy 购买74.industrialized farming 工业化畜牧75.farm / agricultural product 农产品76.livestock 家畜77.arable land 可耕地78.artificial ingredients 人造成分79.additives 添加剂80.chemical fertilizer 化肥81.pesticides 杀虫剂82.herbicides 除草剂83.genetically modified food 转基因食品84.substitute for- replace替代85.the majority of大多数86.the minority of 少数87.preferential policy 优惠政策88.tariff 关税89.first-hand= experienced 第一手的90.dominate v. 控制dominant a. 主要的91.enterprise/ corporation /company 企业，公司92.entrepreneur 企业主93.host country所在国94.home country 祖国95.domestic 国内的96.local = native 本地的97.outsourcing 外包98.capital inflow资金流入99.invest/ investment 投资bor cost 劳动力成本101.human /intellectual capital 人力/人才资本102.occupy market share占有市场份额mercial / economic 商业的/ 经济的104.conduct operations 运营105.monopolize v. monopoly n.垄断106.work-life balance 工作与生活的平衡mute 通勤108.rush hour 高峰期109.domain- field领域110.isolate v. isolation n.隔离/隔绝111.dedication-commitment奉献112.practice 做法113.reap 收获114.neutral 中性的115.sophisticated 精密的，复杂的，成熟的116.feasible= practical 可行的117.telecommunication 远程通讯118.digital television 数字电视119.space exploration 太空探索120.updated information 最新信息rmation overload 信息超载cultures and tradition1.urbanization 城市化2.sedentary lifestyle 宅居3.skyscraper – high rise摩天大楼4.overcrowding 过度拥挤5.traffic jam/ congestion 交通拥堵6.cultural diversity 文化多元性7.cultural heritage 文化遗产8.performing art 表演艺术9.lesser-known languages 小语种10.endangered language 濒临灭绝的语言11.cultural conflicts/ culture shock 文化冲突12.ethnic minorities 少数民族13.marginalization 边缘化14.fit-in / adapt to 适应15.national identity 民族特征16.cultural assimilation 文化趋同性17.homogenous 同种的，单一的18.hybrid a. n. 混合的19.standardized 标准化的20.ideology 思想意识形态21.westernized 西化的22.critic 批评家23.consumer culture 消费文化24.resemblance 相似25.ancestor 祖先26.cultural integration文化融合27.traditional / conventional 传统的28.buildings of historic significance有历史意义的建筑29.aesthetic value美学价值30.feature 特征是31.architecture 建筑32.accommodation 空间，住所33.capacity 容量34.Contemporary 现代的35.blur 使…模糊36.erase 抹去37.solidity n. solid v.坚固38.demolish /knock down 拆除39.cell phone/ mobile phone 手机40.radiation 辐射41.talk/ converse/ communicate / chat交流42.device 电子装置43.privacy 隐私44.subtle 微妙的45.be desperate for 渴望46.eye contact 眼神交流47.facial expression 面部表情48.body language 身体语言49.nonverbal cues 非语言信号50.delete 删除51.social network 社交网络52.socialize 社交，交往53.dilemma 困境54.content = satisfied adj.满足55.wellbeing健康快乐56.welfare 福利，安康57.workaholic 工作狂58.collective group 集体59.absenteeism 经常性旷工/旷课60.norms 规范，准则61.fulfill our social value 实现社会价值62.behavior pattern 行为模式63.identify with… identification 认同感，身份64.turnover 员工流动率65.belief 信念66.religious pursuit 宗教追求67.disorientation of life 迷失方向68.dual-income family 双收入家庭69.domestic responsibility 家庭责任70.alienation between people 人际的疏远71.family bonds 家庭纽带72.sense of belonging 归属感73.consumption power 消费能力74.financial independence 经济独立75.gender equity 男女平等76.postpone= put off推迟77.self-worth 自我价值78.demographic trend人口结构的变化79.fertility 生育能力80.Household size 家庭规模81.nuclear family 小家庭82.extended family 大家庭83.marital 婚姻的84.implication 含义85.yield fruitful results 硕果累累86.on moral and economic grounds.基于道德和经济的原因governments1.insurance 保险2.tax revenue 税收—taxation 征税3.impose tax/ put tax on 征税4.health care and social services 医疗保健和社会服务5.ease work pressure 缓解工作压力6.relief of anxiety 缓解焦虑7.mental and physical work 脑力和体力劳动8.be overloaded 超负荷9.the pace of life 生活节奏10.accelerate 加快11.eliminate 消除12.entertainment 娱乐13.life expectancy 平均寿命/ life span/ longevity14.therapy- treatment 治疗方法15.minor medical complaint 小毛病16.fatal 致命的17.medical advance/ breakthrough 医学进步/ 突破18.obesity / overweight 肥胖症/ 超重19.heart attack 心脏病20.high blood pressure 高血压21.epidemic 传染病的流行22.keep balance between work and leisure/reconcile work and rest劳逸结合23.regular physical check-up 定期体检24.mental attitude 心态25.optimistic-pessimistic 乐观-悲观26.basketball court 篮球场27.gymnasium / gym 健身房28.jogging 慢跑29.athlete –athletic 运动员/体育的30.public health 大众健康31.Olympic games 奥运会32.International event 国际事件33.remove prejudice and bias 摒弃偏见34.enhance mutual understanding 促进相互理解35.Raise profile of city 提高城市形象36.host the Olympics 举办奥运会37.recognition / acceptance 认可38.promote civic virtues 提高公民素质39.sporting venue 运动场40.stadium 体育场41.cater for /satisfy 满足42.infrastructure 基础设施43.spectator / audience 观众44.physical injury 受伤45.protective measures46.ban/ prohibit取缔，禁止47.diet-dietary practice 饮食习惯48.eating healthily 健康饮食49.nutrition—nutrient --nutritious 营养50.fried food 油炸51.fat 脂肪52.fiber 纤维53.protein 蛋白质54.vitamins 维生素55.carbohydrate 碳水化合物56.calories 热量57.sound legal system 健全的法律体制58.criminal justice 司法公正59.make laws / legislate 立法60.formulate/ enact policy 制定/颁布政策61.enforce the law 执法62.take effect 奏效63.national security/ 国家安全64.abide by the law/ comply with/ conform to 守法65.break the law / commit a crime 违法/犯罪66.violence 暴力67.juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪68.detention center 管教中心69.correctional education 矫正教育70.rehabilitation 使…回复正常生活71.criminal/offender/convict/prisoner/inmate罪犯72.ex-prisoner/ released prisoners/ former inmate出狱的犯人73.first-time offender 初犯74.repeat criminal/ recidivist 惯犯75.victim 受害者76.criminal record 犯罪记录77.free man/ lawful 自由人78.crime rate 犯罪率79.discrimination 歧视/ prejudice/ bias 偏见passion 同情81.kidnap 抢劫--theft 偷盗82.revenge 报复83.criminal tendency 犯罪倾向84.be brought to justice 绳之以法85.be imprisoned/ be jailed 监禁v.86.be deprived of 被剥夺…87.release- set free 释放88.punish- punishment/ penalty/ sentence 惩罚89.Reduce temptation 减少诱惑90.surveillance 监视，看守91.closed-circuit television 闭路电视anized Crime 有组织犯罪93.Counteract 对抗，抵制94.flaw 缺陷-loophole 漏洞95.financial burden 经济负担96.reform- reshape 改造97.occupational/ job training 职业培训98.psychological consultation 心理咨询99.mature 成熟的100.earn a living/ support oneself economically 谋生101.emotional support 情感支持102.the advantageous / rich / wealthy有钱人103.privileged 有特权的—deprived 贫困的104.turmoil 混乱105.minimum income 最低收入106.corruption 腐败107.destruction 破坏108.erupt 爆发109.economic recession 经济衰退110.the authorities 权利机构111.budget 预算112.a vicious/ virtuous cycle 恶性/ 良性循环113.monitor 监督114.charity 慈善115.donate / donation 捐款116.allocate money to sth/ fund 拨款/ 资助117.provide financial support/ aid 提供财政援助118.financial crisis 经济危机119.humanism 人道主义120.victim 受害者121.natural disaster 自然灾害—disastrous122.earthquake地震123.tsunami 海啸124.survive- survival生存125.devastate 摧毁126.urgent 紧急的127.emergency 突发事件128.extreme 极端的129.Ageing population130.welfare system 建立福利体系131.Policy intervention 政策干预132.Aged people 老年人133.Working-age population 劳动力人口134.Immigration 移民135.Retirement age 退休年龄pensate/ make up 补偿137.Indicator 标志138.Civil society 文明社会Environment1.population explosion 人口爆炸2.birth control/ family planning /one child policy 计划生育3.overflow 泛滥4.vulnerable / fragile 脆弱的ndfills 填埋场6.environment deterioration 环境恶化7.degradation n. degrade v. 退化8.environmentally friendly 环保的9.ecosystem 生态系统10.ecological balance 生态平衡11.break down 打破12.wild animals and plants=wild life 野生动植物13.flora and fauna 动植物群14.the survival of the fittest 适者生存15.natural resources 自然资源16.deforestation- reforestation 采伐森林-再造森林17.endangered species濒危物种18.become extinct / die out 灭绝extinction n.19.food chain 食物链20.biodiversity 生态多元化21.chain reaction 连锁反应22.habitat 栖息地23.preserve 禁猎区24.natural selection 自然选择25.greenhouse gas emission 温室气体排放26.greenhouse effect温室效应27.carbon dioxide 二氧化碳28.global warming 全球暖化29.raise the public awareness of environmentalprotection 提高大众环保意识30.be treated with care and respect 受到关爱与尊重31.conserve- conservation 保护32.experimentation experiment-test 实验33.side effect 副作用34.ethical a. ethic n 道德35.patient 病人36.drug / medicine药物37.animal abuse 虐待动物38.alternative 可选的puter simulation 计算机模拟40.advocate/ support 倡导（者）41.cycling 骑自行车42.disposable /one-off一次性的43.luxury 奢华luxurious44.household rubbish 日常垃圾45.classify 分类46.recycle 循环47.energy crisis / shortage/ scarcity能源危机/ 短缺48.raw material 原材料49.water scarcity 水资源紧缺50.electricity 电51.household appliance 家电52.energy saving 节能的53.generate/ create/ produce a problem 产生问题54.car exhaust 尾气55.purify 净化56.recycled water 循环水57.desalination 海水淡化st/ final resort 最后一招59.make a difference 起重要作用60.toxic/ poisonous 有毒的61.chemical substance 化学物质62.industrial waste 工业废物63.radiation 辐射64.alternative energy resources 可替代能源65.renewable 可再生的66.clean energy resources清洁能源67.solar energy 太阳能68.hydro energy 水力69.power grid 电网70.fossil fuels：coal, petrol, natural gas 矿物燃料71.dispose 处理72.decompose/ break down 分解73.sewage treatment 污水处理74.waste water/ gas 废水废气75.discharge/ emit/ pump 排放76.lower the risk and cost 降低风险和损失e up/ exhaust 用尽78.fertile- infertile 肥沃的-贫瘠的79.arable land/ farmland 耕地80.international agreement 国际协定81.document 文件82.codes of conduct 行为准则Media1.Mass media 大众媒体2.be flooded with 充满3.the audience 受众（观众，听众，读者）4.journalist=reporter 记者5.correspondent 通讯员、记者6.visual enjoyment 视觉享受7.vivid picture生动的画面8.audio and video effect视听效果9.report-coverage 报道10.insight 洞察ment 评论12.current affairs 时事13.scandals 丑闻rmative 信息量大的15.live Tv broadcast 电视直播16.advertisement/ commercial 广告17.endorse 为某产品做广告18.sponsor 赞助19.propaganda 政治宣传20.campaign for宣传21.marketing 市场营销22.appeal to / attractive 有吸引力的23.publicize 公开24.exaggerate v.夸大25.imitate-imitation v.模仿26.mislead v.误导27.manipulate v.操控28.deceive v.--deceptive a.欺骗29.distorted a.歪曲的30.false a.虚假的31.tactic—strategy n.策略32.stimulate consumption 刺激消费33.impulsive purchase 冲动购买34.sales promotion 促销35.violence and pornography 暴力和色情36.account / description / narration n.描述37.reliable/ trustworthy a.可信的38.in detail 详尽的39.stereotype=bias n.偏见40.objective a.客观41.subjective a.主观的42.neutral-unbiased-impartial 中立的、公正的43.celebrity n.名人44.media hype 炒作45.leaflet/ booklet n.宣传单46.dominate v.-dominant a.支配47.circulate v.流通48.censor v.删减49.rigid a.严格的50.code of ethics 道德准则51.distinguish between ..and …区分52.loyal to 忠实53.honest a.诚实的54.cable television channels 有线电视频道55.verification n. verify v.核实56.interpretation n. interpret v解释，理解常用同义词-SynonymVerb:1.Protect/ conserve/preserve / safeguard 保护2.Strive for / endeavor for 争取3.Cherish/ value/ care 珍惜/在乎4.Identify/ recognize/detect 识别、发现5.Advocate for/ call for / promote/ argue/suggest/ maintain宣传,主张6.Have/ get/ access to / Obtain/ possess/ gain/ achieve获得,占有, 得到7.Be inclined to/ tend to 倾向于8.Change / vary / alter/ transform/ convert/ shift改变/reverse扭转9.Address/ tackle/ deal with 应对，处理10.Abolish- put an end to- remove取消11.reject – refuse- turn down拒绝12.Collaborate-cooperate 合作13.Endure-persist 坚持、忍耐14.Option/ opt for– choice/ choose 选择15.employ-hire-recruit 征聘16.rely on/ depend on 依赖17.substitute-replace- take the place of代替18.need-require 需要e- harness - utilize- employ -deploy-apply使用,应用利用20.disseminate/ transmit传播21.decrease-lower v.降低bined/ together/ total 总共23.start- initiate 发起24.seek to -aspire to追求25.be committed to = be dedicated to 致力于, 献身于26.abandon- give up 放弃27.serve- function起作用28.implement- carry out实施29.equate to 等于30.apply to 适用于31.adapt to/ tune to 协调，适应32.maximize - optimize最大化/ 优化33.minimize- 最小化34.be credited to / be attributed to 归功于，归因于adj1.enough-sufficient-adequate 充足的2. a number of- substantial- a large quantity of- plenty of– an enormous amount of- immense- vast 大量的3.particular – certain 某些/个4.About –estimated 大约/ 估计的5.Traditional-conventional 传统的6.accurate- exact-specific准确的、具体的7.Profound-thorough深刻的，根本的8.important- prominent- major- Major/ main/ dominant/key 主要的，大的9.Different-distinctive-various-varying不同的10.Possible- potential-underlying 潜在的11.Polluted- toxic-poisoned-contaminated 被污染的12.Same- equivalent 相等的，相同的13.Fragile- vulnerable 脆弱的14.Flexible- resilient 灵活的，有弹性的15.Likely- subject to- prone to 易于16.Justifiable- reasonable- legitimate- valid 合理的，正当的17.indispensable /necessary 不可缺少的18.mandatory- compulsory规定的，必须的19.eligible for - appropriate合格的20.contradictory - conflicting矛盾的21.suitable for – appropriate- fitting适合的22.Be relevant to/ be associated to = be linked with与…有关noun1.Impact/ effect/ influence 影响2.situation/ circumstance / case 状况/ 条件3.mission/ goal/ objective 使命、目标4.fulfillment/ achievement/ accomplishment 成就5.approach/ means/ measures 方法6.Difference/ divergence/ distinction 区别/不同之处7.Setting/ environment/ surrounding/ context环境8.Event/ fair事件9.treatment / therapy 治疗10.proximate/ close/ nearby 紧邻11.danger-risk- peril 危险anization-agency-body-department 组织，机构13.proponent - supporter- advocator 支持者14.opponent – rival- challenger 反对者15.an element of – a bit of一点点16.target- aim- purpose 目标17.variety-type-kind 种类18.average/ ordinary people 普通人19.domain /sphere /field 领域20.sacrifice / cost 代价advonly –solely-simply-just 仅仅Initially- at the beginning 最初prep1.before-prior to 之前2.after-subsequent to 之后3.regarding /concerning/ as for 关于。