for和of引导的不定式结构的区别
for的用法范文

for的用法范文for是个常用词,在英语中出现频率高、含义多、用法广,可以与许多名词、形容词和动词搭配。
下面举例说明,希望对同学们学好、用准英语知识能够有所帮助。
一、用作介词。
1.表示目的,意为“为了”。
例如:Ann goes home for holidays every year with her parents.安每年与她父母一起回家度假。
此外,下列动词后跟双宾语,起间接关系作用的介词for均表目的。
get/buy/make/draw/play(播放,上演)/save(节约)/find/fly/mend/take/do sb.sth.=get/buy/make/draw/play/end/take/do sth. for sb.2.表示对象、用途,意为“对于,供,适合于”。
例如:Walking is good for health.散步有利于健康。
Here are books for children.这些是供儿童阅读的书籍。
3.表示目标、去向,意为“往,向”。
例如:I’ll leave for Shanghai.我要前往上海。
4.表示等值或交换关系,意为“兑,换”。
例如:We can get two tickets for eight yuan.用八元钱,我们可以买两张票。
Don’t put the whole English sentence word for word into Chinese.不要把整个英语句子字对字地译成汉语。
5.表示愿望、爱好、特长等,意为“对于”。
例如:He hopes for the best.他抱着乐观的希望。
The children in China long(vi.渴望) for the Mid-Autumn Festival.中国儿童盼望中秋节。
6.表示原因,意为“由于,因为”。
例如:Ann,thanks a lot for asking me to your birthday party.安,多谢你邀请我参加你的生日聚会。
2023年初中英语语法不定式句法功能详解及典型考题分析

2023年初中英语语法不定式句法功能详解及典型考题分析1.不定式做主语(1)不定式的逻辑主语由引导词来引导,这类引导词最常见的是for 和of。
这一类相应的搭配有以下:absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked, wrong。
如:Doctors say that walking is one of the best methods for human beings to keep fit。
医生说,走路几乎是保持健康最好的方法。
It’s so considerate of to arrange the accommodation for us。
都帮我们安排了食宿,您真是考虑的太周到了。
.(2)不定式做主语补足语:掌握常用不定式做主语补足语的句型。
注意不定式表示的动作发生的时间,并采用相应形式。
如:be said / reported / thought / believed / known / supposed + to do sth.例如:You were warned not to read in the strong light,cause it will hurt your eyesight。
不要在强光下看书,会伤害你的眼睛。
2.不定式做宾语掌握要求接不定式做宾语的动词:afford, arrange, attempt, claim, desire, determine, expect, fail, guarantee, endeavor, intend, pledge, pretend, resolve,request, swear, tend, venture。
介词 of from for by at during behind用法注意

介词of 用法注意1.表示所有关系,用以构成名词的所有格,如the gate of the school(校门),the se cret of success(成功的秘密),等。
注意以下正误表达:正:He is a friend of my father. 他是我父亲的一位朋友。
正:He is a friend of my father’s. 他是我父亲的一位朋友。
正:He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一位朋友。
误:He is a friend of me.以下表达是错误的:误:What’s the name of you?(改为…your name)误:Do you know the father of him?(改为…his father)误:I will show the books of me.(改为…my books)但是以下表达却是对的(of表示动宾关系):正:I hate the sight of him. 我讨厌看到他。
正:His criticism of her is serious. 他对她的批评是严肃的。
2.与age, shape, size, colour, height, design, weight 等名词连用,可用作表语或定语;其中的介词of 有时可省略。
如:The two boys are (of) the same height. 这两个男孩一样高。
Here is a piece of wood (of) the right size. 这有一块木头,其大小刚好适合。
When I was (of) your age, I lived in the country. 我像你这个年纪的时候,我住在乡下。
3.与某些名词(如help, value, interest, importance等)连用,相当于形容词,可用作定语或表语。
如:It’s not of mu ch value. 这没有多大价值。
of和for和to的用法与区别

of和for和to的⽤法与区别to与for的区别For和to这两个介词,意义丰富,⽤法复杂.这⾥仅就它们主要⽤法进⾏⽐较.⼀、表⽰各种“⽬的”,⽤“for”eg.What do you study English for?你为什么要学英语?She went to france for holiday.她到法国度假去了.扩展资料 2.对于⽤“for”eg.1.She has a liking for painting.她爱好绘画 She had a natural gift for teaching.她对教学有天赋/ 表⽰赞成同情,⽤“for”eg.1.Are you for the idea or against it?你是⽀持还是反对这个想法?3.He expresses sympathy for the common people..他表现了对普通⽼百姓的.同情. 4 表⽰因为,由于(常有较活译法),⽤“for”eg.1 Thank you for coming.2.France is famous for its wines.法国因酒⽽出名. 5.当事⼈对某事的主观看法,对于(某⼈),对…来说(多和形容词连⽤),⽤介词to,不⽤for.eg.He said that money was not important to him.他说钱对他并不重要.To her it was rather unusual.对她来说这是相当不寻常的. 6.和fit,good,bad,useful,suitable 等形容词连⽤,表⽰适宜,适合.⽤for.eg.Some training will make them fit for the job.经过⼀段训练,他们会胜任这项⼯作的.Exercises are good for health.锻炼有益于健康.Smoking and drinking are bad for health.抽烟喝酒对健康有害.You are not suited for the kind of work you are doing. 7.表⽰不定式逻辑上的主语,可以⽤在主语、表语、状语、定语中.1. It would be best for you to write to him.2. The simple thing is for him to resign at once.3. There was nowhere else for me to go.4. He opened a door and stood aside for her to pass.。
介词offromforbyatduringbehind用法注意

介词 of 用法注意1. 表示所有关系,用以构成名词的所有格,如the the gate gate gate of of of the the the school school (校门),the the se se cret cret of of of success success (成功的秘密),等。
(成功的秘密),等。
注意以下正误表达:注意以下正误表达:正:He He is is is a a a friend friend friend of of of my my my father. father. 他是我父亲的一位朋友。
他是我父亲的一位朋友。
正:He He is is is a a a friend friend friend of of of my my my father’s. father’s. 他是我父亲的一位朋友。
他是我父亲的一位朋友。
正:He He is is is a a a friend friend friend of of of mine. mine. 他是我的一位朋友。
他是我的一位朋友。
误:He He is is is a a a friend friend friend of of of me.me. 以下表达是错误的:以下表达是错误的:误:What’s What’s the the the name name name of of of you?you?(改为…your your name name ) 误:Do Do you you you know know know the the the father father father of of of him?him?(改为…his his father father ) 误:I I will will will show show show the the the books books books of of of me.me.(改为…my my books books ) 但是以下表达却是对的(of 表示动宾关系):表示动宾关系):正:I I hate hate hate the the the sight sight sight of of of him. him. 我讨厌看到他。
常用介词用法(for-to--of)

常用介词用法(for-to--of)For的用法1.表示当作、作为”。
如:I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。
What will we have for supper? 我们晚餐吃什么?2.表示理由或原因,意为因为、由于”。
如:Thank you for helpi ng me with my En glish.谢谢你帮我学习英语。
3.表示动作的对象或接受者,意为给……”、对……(而言)”。
如:Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。
Watch ing TV too much is bad for yourhealth.看电视太多有害于你的健康。
4.表示时间、距离,意为计、达”。
如:I usually do the running for an hour in the mornin g. 我早晨通常跑步一小时。
We will stay there for two days. 我们将在那里逗留两天。
5.表示去向、目的,意为向、往、取、买”等。
如: Let ' s go for a walk.我们出去散步吧。
I came here for my schoolbag. 我来这儿取书包。
I paid twenty yua n for the dicti on ary. 我花了20元买这本词典。
6.表示所属关系或用途,意为为、适于……的”。
如:It ' s time for school.到上学的时间了。
Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你的一圭寸信。
7.表示支持、赞成”。
如:Are you for this pla n or aga inst it? 你是支持还是反对这个计划?8.用于一些固定搭配中。
女口:Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁?For example, Mr Gree n is a ki nd teacher. 比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老师。
of-sb及for-sb的区别教学文案

o f-s b及f o r-s b的区别it is+adj+for sb和it is+adj+of sb含义及区别一.导入:详见例子It is kind of you to help me.你能帮我太好了.(kind 的是you)It is beneficial for you to do sports.运动对你有益.(beneficial的是do sports)二.表达含义:1.it is+adj+for sb. 就是“做…对某人(for sb)来说怎么样(adj)”2.it is+adj+of sb. 就是“做…说某人(of sb)怎么样(adj)”三.辨析:it is+adj+for sb和it is+adj+of sb.①“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样” 一般用表示人物的性格,品德.表示主观感情或态度的形容词.若形容词是描述逻辑主语(行为者)的性格、品质特征的形容词.这个adj.是用来形容sb.的.of后的宾语能与前面的形容词构成主表关系. 这类形容词有:good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),polite(有礼貌的),clever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的), right(正直的)careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrong(错误的)bad,brave,cruel,honest,naughty,wise,rude等.用of sb.例如:It’s very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)你能帮助我,真好.It's very kind of you to look after my cat.你能照看我的猫,真好.It’s kind of you to say so.(=You are kind to say so)It’s very rude of her to say such words.(=She is very rude to say such words.)她说这样的话,真粗鲁.It’s foolish of him to go alone.(=He is foolish to go alone.)他单独出去太傻了.It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了.It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem. It's very kind of you to look after my cat.你真聪明,解出了这道数学题.②“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”.常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词.若形容词仅仅是描述事物,不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价,用for sb.这类形容词有:important(重要的),necessary(必要的),difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard(艰难的),dangerous(危险的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的),impossible(不可能的), right(正确的) likely(可能的)等.用for sb,例如:It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易.It's very hard for him to study two languages(=To study two languages is very hard for him).对他来说学两门外语是很难的.It’s very important for students to listen to teachers carefully.(=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.)对于学生来说上课认真听老师讲课是非常重要的.It’s necessary for us to get to school on time.(=To get to school on time is necessary for us.)对于我们来说按时到校是非常必要的.It’s important for her to come to the party.=It is important that she should come to the party.对她来说来参加聚会很重要.It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险.It’s difficult for us to finish the work. 对我们来说,完成这项工作很困难.③注意:for 与of 的辨别方法:I.区别:1.含义上的区别:两种句型的主谓关系不一样.It is+adj+for sb to do. adj应该是对做这件事的评价;It is+adj+of sb to do sth. adj应该是对做这件事的人的评价,adj多用形容人的.①It is +adj+for sb to do sth. 形容词(for前的)是多用来形容一件事情(动词不定式所表示的动作),即修饰的是 to do sth. adj是do sth.的属性; sb.跟adj.没有直接联系. for是指干谋事会如何.It's plesant for us to take a walk after supper.②It is+adj+of sb to do sth. 形容词(of前的)是多用来形容人的;修饰的是介词of后面接的宾语. sb.跟adj.有直接联系.③实例辨析:It's very difficult for me to do it. (difficult 指事情很难)It's very kind of you to do it for me. (kind指人的品质好)It is more convenient for him to walk directly.对他来说,直接走过来比较便捷.(convenient指事情很便捷) It is clever of him to come down without ropes.他很聪明,不用绳子就能下来.(convenient指指人很聪明) 2.逻辑结构上的区别:方法:取介词of/for后的代词作逻辑主语和介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子.句子结构:“逻辑主语+be+形容词”.即:sb.is adj to do sth (不定式作句子的状语).如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for.如:It is good for you to look at this book. 是说: ....对你有好处. 看这本书对你有好处.It is nice of you to give me such advice.是说: 你很好,感激你给我提供建议.*提取逻辑主语和形容词造句:It is nice of you to help me. 提取you与nice可构成you are nice. (通顺,所以应用of).It's very kind of you to help me.提取you与kind可构成you are kind. (通顺,所以应用of).It is good for you to look at this book.提取you与good可构成you are good(有好处的). (不通,所以应用for) It is hard for him to study two languages.提取he与hard可构成he is hard(困难的). (不通,所以应用for)四.注意:of sb. 的句型通常都可转换为不定式作状语的句子,但for sb.句型不可以.It’s very nice of you to offer me a seat.= You are nice to offer me a seat. 十分感谢你给我让座.It is careless of him to lose so many things.= He is careless to lose so many things. 他丢了这么多东西,真是太粗心了.It’s very important for you to practise your oral English in daily life.在日常生活中练习你的英语口语非常重要的。
英语of和for的用法与区别

英语of和for的⽤法与区别
for的意思是“为了”,为了⼀般与decorate,help,thank等及物动词相连接;of的意思是“的”,后⾯⼀般跟名词,它还连接量词和不可数名词。
表⽰“……的”含义时,应根据不同的关系选⽤不同的介词。
若表⽰“所有,所属”关系时,⽤介词of
若表⽰“解释,说明”关系时,⽤介词for
扩展资料
当不定式短语作主语,谓语是系表结构(即“It+be+adj +不定式”句型)时,若不定式动词需要逻辑主语时,其引导词可以是of也可以是for。
⼆者的选择主要取决于该句型中的形容词。
若这个形容词是描述不定式前的`逻辑主语的性格、品质和特征,不定式前的逻辑主语就应⽤介词of引导。
可⽤于该句型的形容词有:kind,brave,clever,foolish,polite,honest等。
若这个形容词是描写事物性质,⽽不是对逻辑主语的品格进⾏评价时⽤介词for引导.可⽤于该句型的形容词有:difficult,easy,hard,important,necessary,impossible等。
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for和of引导的不定式结构的区别不定式是一种非谓语动词,不能单独作谓语,因此没有语法上的主语。
但由于不定式表示的是动作,在意义上可以有它的主体。
我们称之为逻辑主语。
提起不定式逻辑主语,人们首先想到的会是“for+名词(宾格代词)+不定式”的复合结构。
如:It is important for us to study English well.然而,有时不定式的逻辑主语须要用“of+名词(代词宾格)”才行。
例如:It is kind of you to help me.而不能说:It is kind for you to help me.在选择介词“for”还是“of”时,人们往往总是凭感觉而定。
有时受习惯影响,多选介词“for”。
于是常出现这样的错误:It was careless for him to lose his way.It is cruel for you to do so.由于众多语法书对这种结构中使用“for”与“of”的区别介绍甚少,一些人对其概念认识尚不完全清楚,笔者认为有必要就这一问题作些探讨与介绍。
一、在句中的语法作用不同a.不定式for结构在句中可以作主、宾、表、定、状、同位语:1.It is easy for Tom to do this work.(主语)汤姆做此工作是容易的。
2.I'd like for him to come here.(宾语)我喜欢他来这里。
3.His idea is for us to travel in two different groups.(表语)他的想法是:我们分成两组旅行。
4.Have you heard about the plan for you to go abroad.(定语)你听到让你出国的计划吗?5.The word is too difficult for him to pronounce well.(状语)这单词太难,他念不准。
6.In the most schools,it is the custom for the headmaster to declare the newterm start.在大部分学校,校长宣布新学期开始是一个习惯。
b.不定式of结构只能在句中作主语。
1.It was careless of him to leave his umbrella in the train.他把伞丢在火车上真是太粗心了。
2.It is awfully good of you to come to see me off at the station.谢谢你来车站送我。
二、逻辑主语的名词有所不同a.不定式for结构中的名词可以是人,也可以是无生命的事物:1.It is very important for us to study English well.我们学好英语是非常重要的。
2.It is essential for the classroom to have plenty of light.教室光线充足是必要的。
有时还可以是引导词“there”:3.It is a pity for there to be any disagreement in the family.家庭不和实在是很遗憾。
4.In such case it is impossible for there to be an escape of air from the container.在这种情况下,不存在空气从容器溢出的可能性。
b.不定式of结构中的名词只能是人:It is foolish of you to lend the money.你借钱给人真是太蠢了。
三、表语形容词的语义不同表语形容词的语义不同是区别for结构和of结构的最重要标志。
a.在“It is(was)+adj.+for sb+to do sth”的句式中,作表语的形容词大多是表事物性质的静态形容词(stative adjective),如:essential,easy,difficult,important,neccessary,(im)possible,hard等等,这类形容词与for后面的名词(代词)关系不密切,无意义上的主表关系。
例如:It is neccessary for us to practise speaking English every day.句中不定式逻辑主语“us”与表语形容词“neccessary”无主表关系,我们不能说:We are neccessary to practise speaking English every day.因为“人”(we)不能与表“事物性质的形容词”(neccessary)连用在一起。
此句的重点,是强调“每天练习说英语”这件事。
同样:It was very difficult for Tom to answer this question.不能说成:Tom was very difficult to answer this question.而可以说:For Tom to answer this question was very difficult.b.在“It is(was)+ adj.+ of sb…”的句式中,作表语的形容词大多是表示人物特征的形容词。
如:bold,absurd,brave,careless,careful,clever,considerate,cruel,foolish,good,honest,(un)kind noble,impudent,polite,right,rude,sweet,nutured,silly,stupid,selfish,thoughtful,ungrateful,wicked,unmanly,(un)wise,wrong等等。
这些表示人物特征的形容词与of后的名词关系十分密切,有意义上的主表关系。
如:1.It is selfish of you to do so.“you”与“selfish”关系密切。
“you”既是不定式“to do so”的逻辑主语,又是形容词“selfish”的逻辑主语。
此句重点强调的是“人”,(你这人太自私了)故可以说成:You are selfish to do so.又如:2.It is kind of you(= You are kind)to send me a nice present.谢谢你送我这么好的礼物。
3.It was stupid of her(=she was stupid)to make such a mistake.出这样的错她真是太蠢了。
另外,在这个句式中,“it”可以根据情况改为“that”、“this”,如:4.That is very kind of you.谢谢你。
5.This is very good of you to repair the TV set for me.谢谢你帮我修电视机。
较长的句子,还可以加逗号,在of sb与to do sth中间停顿一下:6.That was smart of you,to hush up the affair before you heard about it.听到此事之前能保持缄默,你是很聪明的。
四、句子的语气有所不同A.在较多的场合中,不定式for结构的句式语气带有情态意义。
for sb to do sth.的复合结构,相当于一个有情态动词的主语从句。
例如:1.It is neccessary for us to get the preparations done.=(… that weshould get the preparations done.)我们有必要(应该)把准备工作做好。
2.It is hard for which one to be given the reward to.=(… which one should be given the reward to.)难就难在应该给哪个人授奖。
3.In the old society,it was rare for a poor man's son to go to college.(=… that a poor man's son could go to college.)旧社会,穷人的孩子能上大学是很少见的。
B.不定式of结构的句式,在语气上往往对前面表人物特征的表语形容词有着某种感叹意味。
It is/was adj.of sb相当于How adj of sb it is/was.故在翻译时,多加上“太……”“真是……”“实在是……”等字眼,如前面提到的诸例句:1.It was careless of him to leave his umbrella in the train.(= How carelessof him(it was)to leave his umbrella in the train.)他太粗心了,竟会把伞忘在车上。
2.That was stupid of you to make such a mistake.(= How stupid of you tomake such a mistake.)你竟然会犯这样的错误,真是太蠢了。
有时,为了加强感叹的程度还可以在表语形容词前加上修饰词:3.That is really kind of you.4.It is awfully good of him to come to see us off at the station.五、由于某些形容词(如:good,right,foolish,wrong,silly…)在语义上具有两重性,既可以表人物的特征,又可以说明事物的性质,因此它们可以使用在for结构中,也可以使用在of结构中,但两种结构在意义上有所区别。
试比较:1.It is good for Xiao Wang to travel abroad.(= It's good to travel abroad for-Xiao Wang)中心意思是说“旅行是件好事”,重点在“to travel abroad”不定式所表示的动作。
“for Xiao Wang”只表示一种范围。
(对于小王来说)2.It is good of Xiao Wang to lend me the money.“of”表示一种所属关系,“good”是“Xiao Wang”的所属特征。
中心意思是说“小王心眼真好”,重点在“Xiao Wang”这个人上。
又如:3.It is foolish of you to buy that book.(= You are foolish to buy that book.)你这人真傻,竟买了那本书。