if四种条件句
英语条件句的种类与用法
英语条件句的种类与用法英语条件句是我们在日常交流和写作中经常会使用到的一种语法结构。
它用来表达某种条件下发生的情况，可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的观点和意图。
在本文中，我们将介绍英语条件句的种类和用法。
一、零条件句零条件句用来表达自然规律或普遍真理，其中的结果是必然发生的。
它的结构是：if/when + 一般现在时，一般现在时。
例如：1. If water boils, it turns into steam.（水烧开时会变成蒸汽。
）2. When it rains, the ground gets wet.（下雨时地面会湿润。
）二、一般条件句一般条件句用来表达可能性，其中的结果是会发生的，但不一定是必然的。
它的结构是：if + 一般现在时，一般将来时（或can/may/might + 动词原形）。
例如：1. If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.（如果明天下雪，我们会堆雪人。
）2. If she has time, she may come to the party.（如果她有时间，她可能会来参加派对。
）三、非真实条件句非真实条件句用来表达与事实相反或不太可能实现的情况。
它包括了三种类型：虚拟条件句（一般过去时+would/could/might +动词原形）、与现在事实相反的条件句（过去完成时+would/could/might +动词原形）、与过去事实相反的条件句（过去完成时+would/could/might+have + 过去分词）。
例如：1. If I were you, I would go on the trip.（如果我是你，我会去旅行。
）2. If I had studied harder, I could have passed the exam.（如果我学得更努力，我本可以通过考试。
）四、连锁条件句连锁条件句用来表达多个条件之间的关系。
If引导的条件句
16.The foreign friend speaks Chinese so well as if he ___ a Chinese. A. is B. was C. should be D. were
.—If he ___, he___ that food. —Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A.was warned; would not take B.would be warned; had not taken C.had been warned;would not have taken D.would have been warned; had not taken
对过去的虚拟
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If you had taken my advice, you would not have made such a mistake. If I hadn’t lived among the peasants for five years, I shouldn’t have been able to write such good novels. If he had been sent to a better hospital, the man’s life might have been saved. If I had been more careful, I could have done better.
1.If you ___ (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. 2.If they___ (not help) us ,our experiment would have failed. 3. ___ I not ___ (forget) his telephone number, I would have rung him. 4.He is busy now. If he ___ (be) free, he___ (go) with you.
条件句的种类与用法
条件句的种类与用法条件句是英语中非常常见的一种句型，用来表达假设、条件或者对未来可能发生的情况进行推测。
根据条件句的不同形式以及所表达的意义，可以分为四种基本类型：零条件句、一般条件句、虚拟条件句和倒装条件句。
以下将详细介绍每种类型的条件句及其用法。
一、零条件句（Zero Conditional）零条件句是用来表达普遍真理、科学定律或者客观事实时使用的条件句。
它的形式是：if + 现在时态，现在时态。
例句如下：1. If you heat ice, it melts.（你加热冰，它会融化。
）2. If it rains, the ground gets wet.（如果下雨，地面会变湿。
）二、一般条件句（First Conditional）一般条件句是用来表达可能发生的情况或者对将来的情况进行预测时使用的条件句。
它的形式是：if + 现在时态，将来时态。
例句如下：1. If I study hard, I will pass the exam.（如果我学习努力，我会通过考试。
）2. If it doesn't rain, we will go for a picnic.（如果不下雨，我们将去野餐。
）三、虚拟条件句（Second Conditional）虚拟条件句是用来表达假设的情况，或者对过去的情况进行虚拟推测时使用的条件句。
它的形式是：if + 过去时态，虚拟语气。
例句如下：1. If I were rich, I would travel around the world.（如果我有钱，我会周游世界。
）2. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我当时学得更努力，我就能通过考试了。
）四、倒装条件句（Third Conditional）倒装条件句是用来表达与过去事实相反的假设情况时使用的条件句。
它的形式是：should/ were + 主语，过去完成时态。
条件句的四种类型及应用技巧
条件句的四种类型及应用技巧条件句，也被称为条件从句，是英语中常见的句型结构之一。
它用于表达某个条件下，某件事情将会发生或是不会发生。
在本文中，我们将探讨条件句的四种类型以及应用技巧。
一、零条件句（Zero Conditional Sentences）零条件句用来表达一种普遍的真实情况，通常是科学事实或一般规律。
它的句型结构为：if/when + 简单现在时，主句 + 简单现在时。
例如：1. If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius, it boils.如果将水加热到100摄氏度，它会沸腾。
2. When it rains, the streets get wet.下雨时，街道会变湿。
零条件句的应用技巧在于引述普遍事实或科学规律，揭示因果关系。
二、一般条件句（First Conditional Sentences）一般条件句常用于表达可能会发生的情况。
它的句型结构为：if +简单现在时，主句 + 将来时。
例如：1. If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.如果明天下雨，我将呆在家里。
2. If you work hard, you will succeed.如果你努力工作，你会成功。
一般条件句的应用技巧是预测可能发生的情况，并给出相应的结果。
三、虚拟条件句（Second Conditional Sentences）虚拟条件句用于表达与实际情况相反或不可能实现的假设。
它的句型结构为：if + 过去时，主句 + would/could/might + 动词原形。
例如：1. If I had a million dollars, I would buy a big house.如果我有一百万美元，我会买一所大房子。
2. If I were you, I would apologize to him.如果我是你，我会向他道歉。
总结好的：IF引导的条件状语从句
总结好的：IF引导的条件状语从句IF引导的条件状语从句是英语中常见的一种从句，通过if引导一个条件，通常用于表示假设、条件等语境下的情况。
本文将对IF引导的条件状语从句进行全面的总结，包括用法、语法特点、注意事项等方面，以帮助读者更好地掌握这一语法点。
一、用法2.表示可能性：If he comes early, we’ll have time to chat.（如果他早到，我们将有时间聊天。
）3.表示建议：If I were you, I would take a break.（如果我是你，我就休息一下。
）4.表示对过去事实的假设：If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.（如果他学得更用心，他就能通过这次考试。
）二、语法特点1.时态：条件从句一般使用一般现在时、一般过去时或过去完成时，而主句则根据实际情况使用对应的时态。
2.语序：条件从句的语序与主句相同，即主语+谓语+宾语。
3.连接词：if是最常用的连接词，但在口语中也可使用unless（除非）或provided that（倘若）等。
4.反意疑问句：在IF引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句使用肯定形式，则条件从句要使用否定形式，反之亦然。
如：If she likes coffee, she’ll drink it, won’t she?（如果她喜欢咖啡，她会喝的，对吗？）5.省略：当从句主语与主句主语相同时，可省略从句主语。
如：If you come, I'll be happy. → If come, I'll be happy.三、注意事项1.区别IF和WHETHER：IF表示条件，而whether表示选择，因此在从句中不能用whether代替if。
2.在条件从句中使用“虚拟语气（subjunctive mood）”，表示假设的情况，一般包括三种情况：（1）表示现在或未来时，使用“would/could/might+动词原形”表示虚拟语气。
if_条件状语从句_课件
*If I had known the news, I would have told you about that . =Had I known the news, I would have told you about that.
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Note:省略了if的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的 缩略形式 Were it not for the expense, I would go to Italy（√） Weren’t it for the expense, I would go to Italy. （×）
If引导的条件状语 从句
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1.真实条件句
表示的情况有可能发生，用陈述语气。 I will not go to the party if I am not invited.
2.虚拟条件句
表示的情况不可能发生或者发生的可能很小
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1.真实条件句
1) 主将从现 If it rains tommorow, I will stay at home. 2) 主祈从现 Study hard, if she wants to get good grades. 3) 主情从现 If you are hard-working, your parents may feel happy. 4) 主现从现 If you put ice near the fire, it turns to water.
If I had got there earlier, I would have met her.
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3).与将来的事实相反 If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.
if条件句
if 的条件从句if 的条件从句•if 的条件从句分为：•真实条件从句和非真实条件句（虚拟条件从句）。
真实条件从句•真实条件从句：是假设有可能发生的。
•“主将从现”（主句将来时，从句（条件句）一般现在时）。
• e.g.•如果我赢了很多钱，我将买一件外套。
•如果我们赢了很多钱，我们将环游世界•如果你把车停在错的地方，交警很快就能找找到它•如果你接到这样的请求，你将会拒绝他！•如果你邀请他，他会来•If I win a lot of money I'll buy you a coat. •If we win a lot of money we'll travel round the world.•If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.•If you receive a request like this, you will refuse it!•He will come if you invite him.非真实条件句（虚拟条件从句）•是假设不太可能发生的。
•if的虚拟语气有三种：•1.与现在事实相反•2.与过去事实相反•3. 与将来事实相反•从句动词过去式，•主句用would/could/should/might+动词原形•e.g. If I were you, I would ask him his telephone number.•从句had+动词过去分词，•主句would/could/should/might +have+动词过去分词•e.g.•If I had know that yesterday, I would have told you.3. 与将来事实相反：•从句should/were to + 动词原形，•主句would/could/should/might+动词原形•e.g.•If it should rain, the crops might be saved.区分下面条件句的类型•If I were you, I would take an umbrella.•If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.•If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.•If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.•If he would come here tomorrow, Ishould/would talk to him.•If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.。
if和unless的用法区别条件状语从句
if和unless的用法区别条件状语从句一、if的用法（一）基本用法1. if在条件状语从句中表示“如果”，引导的从句可以放在主句之前或之后。
如果从句在主句之前，从句和主句之间要用逗号隔开。
例如： - If I study hard, I will get good grades.（如果我努力学习，我就会取得好成绩。
）- I will go to the park if it is sunny tomorrow.（如果明天天气晴朗，我就去公园。
）2. 在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句要用一般现在时表示将来，而主句可以用一般将来时（will+动词原形）或者情态动词（如can, may, must 等）+动词原形等形式。
例如：- If he has time, he cane to my party.（如果他有时间，他能来参加我的派对。
）- If you see her, tell her I miss her.（如果你见到她，告诉她我想她。
）（二）固定搭配1. if only，意思是“要是……就好了”，表达一种强烈的愿望，后面的句子要用虚拟语气。
例如：- If only I were taller.（要是我再高一点就好了。
）- If only she coulde to the concert with me.（要是她能和我一起去音乐会就好了。
）2. even if，意思是“即使，虽然”，表示让步关系。
例如：- I will go for a walk even if it rains.（即使下雨我也要去散步。
）- Even if he doesn't like me, I still want to be his friend.（即使他不喜欢我，我仍然想成为他的朋友。
）（三）双语例句1. If you love someone, should you tell them?（如果你爱一个人，你应该告诉他们吗？）2. If we don't protect the environment, where will we live in the future?（如果我们不保护环境，我们将来住在哪里呢？）3. If the cat gets out of the house, it might get lost.（如果猫跑出房子，它可能会迷路。
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Main clause would/could/might + have + past participle
If I had studied hard, I would have passed my exams.
IIf you had studied hard, you wouldn’t have failed your exam.
If you go to London, you must look right before crossing a street
If clause If + Past Simple
Main clause would / could / might + verb
If I were an astronaut, I would travel in a spaceship.
If I met a Martian, I wouldn’t understand him.
?
IfI aved
If I didn’t understand him, I would come back to the Earth.
If clause If + Past Perfect tense
If I were an astronaut, I would travel in a spaceship.
If I travelled in a spaceship, I would go to Mars.
If I went to Mars, I would meet a Martian.
Nice to meet you!
If I go to London,
I will see the Big Ben.
If I go to London …
I will see the Big Ben.
If I go to Buckingham Palace, I can take a photo of the Royal Guard.
Hale Waihona Puke IIf you had passed your exam, you could have gone to the beach.
IIf I had gone to the beach, I would have made sand castles.
If I miss the bus, I am late for school.
If I am late for school, my teacher gets angry.
•
If clause If + Present tense
Main clause will / can / may / must + verb
ZERO FIRST SECOND THIRD
If clause If + Present simple
Main clause Present simple
If I am late for school,
my teacher gets angry.
If I oversleep …
I miss the bus.