2020考研英语词汇：aside的翻译解析
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2020考研英语词汇：aside的翻译解析
aside的意思 adv. 1.在一边，向一边 2.留着 n. 1.旁白(戏剧角色背着台上其他剧中人对观众所说的话) 2.顺便说的话 英语解释 on or to one side a message that departs from the main subject out of the way (especially away from one's thoughts) placed or kept separate and distinct as for a purpose in a different direction not taken into account or excluded from consideration in reserve; not for immediate use a line spoken by an actor to the audience but not intended for others on the stage 例句 "I will do better than that," said Albert; "my mother is wishing to go to the sea-side--what day is fixed for your dinner?" “我有更好的办法，”阿尔贝说道，“家母本打算到海边去，您定在哪一天请客?” He stepped aside.From behind him there emerged a broad-chested guard with a long black truncheon in his hand 他闪开身子，从他背后出现了一个胸围粗壮的警卫，手中握着一根长长的黑色橡皮棍。 相似短语 aside of 在…旁边 brush aside 扫到一边,扫除;搁到一边,不予理会 take aside v. 把...叫到一旁 to stand aside
岸上火险条款 相似单词 ashore ad. 1.向岸;上岸;在岸上 2.向陆地;上陆地;在陆地 a. 1.在岸上的;在陆上
2020考研英语词汇：ash的中文翻译解析
ash的中文解释 名词 1. 不可数名词： 灰;灰烬 2.(ashes)灰烬;废墟 3.(ashes)骨灰 4. [U,C] 梣;白蜡树
5. 不可数名词： 梣木 6.【术语】(古英语的一个字母，也为音标，表示如cat一词中的元音) 英语解释 the residue that remains when something is burned convert into ashes strong elastic wood of any of various ash trees; used for furniture and tool handles and sporting goods such as baseball bats any of various deciduous pinnate-leaved ornamental or timber trees of the genus Fraxinus 例句 First you wash your hands, then apply the lotion on the wounded place. 你先洗手，然后再把药水涂于患处。 We generated 17 billion in cash in 2001, so we'll have lots of capability to do acquisitions 2001年我们盈利了170亿美元，因此我们有很强的并购能力。 Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot. 尽管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒险徒步跨越圣伯纳德山口。 A condition of ingrowing hairs about an orifice,especially ingrowing eyelashes. 倒睫，倒生毛在某一孔洞周围的毛发向内倒转生长的状态，特指睫毛向内倒转生长 Some parts are filled with ink washes, some painted with colors. 有些部分填了墨色，也有些染色的痕迹。 The captain had it conveyed to the polygon at Washington, challenging the president of the Gun Club to smash it 船长把它运到华盛顿的试炮场，请大炮俱乐部的主席来击碎它。 fash oneself 自己烦恼;气恼 When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed 不久前，有架轻便客机飞出了航线，在山区坠落了，飞行员丧生了。 When a stupid man is doing something he is ashamed of, he always declared that it is his duty.--George Bernard Shaw, British playwright 蠢人做自己感到羞愧的事情时,总是宣称那是他的职责。英国剧作家肖伯纳 attired after the fashion of the Middle Ages, they bore upon their shoulders a splendid pair of wings 他们穿着象中世纪英雄一样的服装，肩上装着两只华丽的假翅膀，但最特殊的地方是装在脸上的那根长鼻子。 相似短语 ash can 灰罐，垃圾箱 ash composition 灰的成分，灰分组成
站开, 靠边站, 站在一边 cast aside 抛弃,丢掉,浪费 put aside v. 1.撇开，储备 stand aside v.站开,躲开,不做事,(竞选时)退出 start aside v. 跳开 leave aside 不管,不考虑,把…搁到一边 push aside 把.推开,避开 相似单词 aside adv. 1.在一边，向一边 2.留着 n. 1.旁白(戏剧角色背着台上其他剧中人对观众所说的话) 2.顺便说的话 lay aside 放置 push...aside 把...推到旁边 set aside 【经】 取消
ash crosion 炉内结渣 ash discharge 出灰 ash ejector 出灰器，排灰器 ash fusibility 灰熔度 ash picker 灰扒 ash viscosity 灰粘度 bagasse ash 蔗渣灰 dry ash 干灰 相似单词 ash n. 1. [U] 灰;灰烬 2.(ashes)灰烬;废墟 3.(ashes)骨灰 4. [U,C] 梣;白蜡树 5. [U] 梣木 6.【术语】(古英语的一个字母，也为音标，表示如ca ASH =Advanced Scout Helicopter 高级侦察直升飞机[美] wood ash 草木灰 ash blonde adj. 有淡金黄色头发的 mountain ash 欧洲花楸树 trap ash 暗色岩灰
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
ash grey n. 浅灰色灰烬类似的颜色 ash bin n. 废物箱,垃圾桶 ash pan 灰盘 ash key n. 梣树的翅果
2020考研英语词汇：ashore的翻译解析
ashore什么意思及同义词 ad. 1.向岸;上岸;在岸上 2.向陆地;上陆地;在陆地 a. 1.在岸上的;在陆上的 英语解释 towards the shore from the water 相似短语 going ashore phr. 上岸，登陆，岸上观光 set ashore phr. 降落，着陆 go ashore 上岸,登陆 to go ashore 下船 ashore and adrift 陆上和海上 unloading ashore 卸岸 tallying ashore 【经】 岸上点数, 岸上理货 thrust ashore 强行登岸 fire risk ashore clause
考研英语核心词汇大全
考研英语核心词汇大全考研英语对于众多学子来说是一道难关，而词汇则是攻克这道难关的基础。
掌握核心词汇，能够让我们在阅读理解、写作、翻译等各个环节中更加游刃有余。
下面为大家整理了一份较为全面的考研英语核心词汇，希望能对大家的备考有所帮助。
首先是“abandon”，这个词常见的意思是“放弃；抛弃”，比如：“He abandoned his studies and went to work”（他放弃了学业去工作了。
）“abide”，有“忍受；遵守”的意思，“abide by”是常见的搭配，表示“遵守”，例如：“Everyone must abide by the law”（每个人都必须遵守法律。
）“ability”，“能力；才能”，“to the best of one's ability”表示“尽某人最大的努力”。
“able”，作为形容词，“能够的；有能力的”，“be able to do sth”是常用的结构。
“abnormal”，意思是“反常的；不正常的”，比如：“His behavior is abnormal”（他的行为不正常。
）“aboard”，“在（船、飞机、火车等）上”，“go aboard”表示“上船/飞机/火车”。
“abolish”，“废除；取消”，例如：“Slavery was abolished in the United States in the 19th century”（奴隶制在 19 世纪的美国被废除了。
）“abound”，“大量存在；充满”，“The forest abounds in wild animals”（这片森林里有很多野生动物。
）“about”，这个词很常见，有“关于；大约”等意思。
“above”，“在……上面；超过”，“above all”表示“首先；尤其是”。
“abroad”，“在国外；到国外”，“go abroad”是“出国”。
“absence”，“缺席；不在”，“in the absence of”表示“在……缺席的情况下”。
考研英语基础词汇
考研英语基础词汇A1a art.一(个)；每一(个)；(同类事物中)任一个2able a.有(能力、时间、知识等)做某事，有本事的3about ad.在周围；大约prep.关于；在周围a.准备4accept vt.接受，领受；认可，同意vi.同意，认可5acre n.英亩；田地；地产6across prep.横过，越过；在的对面ad.横过，穿过7act v.表演；举动；起作用n.行为，法令；一幕8action n.行动，动作；作用；运转；行为；战斗9actor n.男演员；演员，行动者10actress n.女演员11add vt.加；增加(进)；进一步说/写vi.(to)增添12adult n.成年人a.成年的，充分长成的，成熟的13afraid adj.害怕的，恐惧的；犯愁的，不乐意的14after prep.在...以后；在...后面adv.以后，后来15afternoon n.下午，午后16afterward ad.(afterwards)以后，后来17again ad.再次，另一次；重新；除此，再，更，还18against prep.对着，逆；反对；违反；紧靠着；对比19age n.年龄；时代；老年；长时间v.(使)变老20ago ad.(常和一般过去时的动词连用)以前，…前21agree vi.答应，赞同；适合，一致；商定，约定22ahead ad.在前面(头)；向(朝)前；提前23air n.空气；(复数)神气vt.(使)通风；晾干24airline n.(飞机)航线 a.(飞机)航线的25airport n.机场，航空站，航空港26alike a.同样的，相像的ad.一样地；同程度地27alive a.活着的；存在的；活跃的；(to)敏感的28all a.全部的；非常的ad.完全地，很pron.全部29allow vt.允许，准许；承认；给予；(for)考虑到30almost adv.几乎，差不多31alone a.单独的，孤独的ad.单独地，独自地；仅仅32aloud adv.出声地，大声地33already ad.已，已经，早已34also ad.而且(也)，此外(还)；同样地35although conj.尽管，虽然...但是36always ad.总是，无例外地；永远，始终37among prep.在…之中；在一群(组)之中；于…之间38and conj.和，与，而且；那么；接连，又39angel n.天使，安琪儿40anger n.愤怒，气愤vt.使发怒，激怒vi.发怒41angle n.角，角度v.钓鱼；(采用各种方法）取得42angry a.生气的，愤怒的；(天气)风雨交加的43animal n.动物，野兽，牲畜a.动物的，野兽的44annoy vt.使恼怒，使生气；打扰vi.招人讨厌45another a.另一个，又，再pron.另一个，类似的一个46answer vt.回答，答复，答案v.回答，答复，响应47ant n.蚁；蚂蚁48any a.(用于否定句、疑问句等)什么,一些;任何的49anybody pron.(否定句)任何人；(肯定句)随便哪个人50anyhow ad.不管怎么说，无论如何；不论用何种方法51anyone pron.(用于疑问句，否定式)任何人52anything pron.任何东西(事物)；无论什么东西(事物)53anyway ad.不管怎么说，无论如何；不论以何种方式54anywhere ad.无论哪里；(用于否定、疑问等)任何地方55apart ad.分离，离开，隔开a.分离的，分隔的56apologise v.(to,for)道歉，认错57apology n.道歉，认错，辩解，辩护58appear vi.出现；出场；问世；仿佛；出版，发表59appearance n.出现，露面；外表；(在会议等)作短暂露面60apple n.苹果，苹果树61April (名)四月62arch n.拱门，桥拱洞v.拱起，(使)变成弓形63argue vi.辩论，争论vt.辩论，论证；说服，劝说64argument n.争论(吵)，辩论；理由;论证65arm n.手臂，扶手，臂状物v.武装；配备n.武器66army n.军队，陆军，军；大群，大批67arrow n.箭，矢，箭状物；箭头符号68art n.艺术，美术；技术，技艺；文科，人文科学69article n.文章，论文；条款，条文；物件；冠词70artist n.艺术家，美术家；(某方面的)能手71artistic a.艺术(家)的，美术(家)的；善于艺术创作的72as ad.同样地conj.由于；像...一样prep.作为73ash n.灰，灰末；(pl.)骨灰；(pl.)废墟74aside ad.在旁边，到一边n.旁白；离题的话75ask vt.问，询问；请求，要求；邀请，约请76asleep a.睡觉，睡着(用作表语)77assurance n.保证,担保；确信,断言；信心,信念78assure vt.使确信，使放心(of)；向…保证79astonish vt.使惊讶，使吃惊80at prep.[表示价格、速度等]以，达；在..方面81atom n.原子；微粒，微量82audio n./a.音频(响)(的)；声音(的)，听觉(的)83August n.8月84aunt n.姨母，姑母，伯母，婶母，舅母，阿姨85auto n.(automobile)(口语)汽车86await vt.等候，期待；(事情等)降临于B87baby n.婴儿；年龄最小的人；小动物a.婴儿似的88back a.后面的ad.向后v.倒退；支持n.背；后面89background n.背景,经历；幕后90backward a.向后的,倒行的;迟钝的ad.向后,朝反方向91bad a.坏的；低劣的；不舒服的；腐败的；严重的92badly ad.非常，严重地；坏地，差地，拙劣地93badminton n.羽毛球94bag n.袋，提包v.把…装入袋中；猎杀；占有95balance v.称,(使)平衡n.天平;平衡,均衡;差额,余款96balcony n.阳台；(电影院等的)楼厅，楼座97ball n.球(状物);(正式的)舞会vt.把…捏成球状98ballet n.芭蕾舞，芭蕾舞剧；芭蕾舞团99balloon n.气球,飞船；a.气球状的v.乘坐气球；膨胀100banana n.香蕉101bandage n.绷带v.用绷带扎缚102bang n.砰砰的声音;猛击v.砰地关上,猛撞,猛击103bank n.银行；岸,堤；vi.存入(经营)银行；信赖104bar n.条,杆,闩;酒吧;栅,障碍(物) v.闩上,阻拦105barbecue n.烤肉；烤肉用的台架vt.炙烤(肉等) 106bargain n.廉价货;交易,契约,合同v.议价,成交107bark vi.(狗等)吠，叫n.吠声，叫声；树皮108baseball n.棒球109basement n.建筑物的底部,地下室,地窖110Basket n.筐，篮，篓111basketball n.篮球，篮球运动112bat n.球拍,球棒,短棒;蝙蝠113bath n.沐浴,洗澡;浴室(池,盆) v.(给…)洗澡114bathe v.游泳,洗澡,浸,弄湿115bathroom n.浴室;盥洗室,卫生间116be v.(就)是，等于；(存)在；到达，来到，发生117beach n.海滩,湖滩,河滩118bear n.熊v.忍受,容忍;负担;结果实,生子女119beat n.敲打;(心脏等)跳动v.打败;(心脏等)跳动120beautiful a.美的，美丽的；出色的，完美的121beauty n.美，美丽；美人，美丽的事物122because conj.因为，由于123become v i.变成，开始变得vt.适合，同…相称124bed n.床,床位；(苗)床,坛；河床，(湖、海的)底125bee n.蜂，蜜蜂；忙碌的人126beef n.牛肉127beer n.啤酒128before prep.(指时间)在…以前,在..前面，在..之前129beforehand ad.预先,事先130beg vt.请求，乞求vi.恳请，行乞131begin v.(began,begun)开始，着手132beginning n.开始，开端；起源，早期阶段133behind prep.在...的背后，(遗留)在..后面；落后于134being n.生物，生命,存在；135belief n.信任，相信，信念；信仰，信条136believe vt.相信，认为vi.相信，信任，信奉137bell n.钟,铃138belong v.(to)属于,附属,隶属;应归入(类别,范畴等) 139beloved a./n.受爱戴的,敬爱的;爱人,被心爱的人140below prep.在…下面，在…以下ad.在下面，向下141bench n.长凳,条凳;(工作)台,座142beside prep.在...旁边，在...附近；和...相比143besides ad.此外；并且prep.于…之外；除…以外144best a.最好的(good和well最高级) ad.最好地；最145bet v.赌,打赌n.打赌,赌注146better a.较好的ad.更好(地) v.改良n.较佳者147between p rep.在…之间，在(两者)之间ad.在中间148beyond prep.在(或向)...的那边，远于；超出；149Bible n.圣经150bicycle n.(bike)自行车vi.骑自行车151big a.大的；重要的；宽宏大量的；大受欢迎的152bill n.账单;招贴,广告;(人员,职称等的)表;钞票153billion num./n.(美)十亿,(英)万亿154biology n.生物学155bird n.鸟，雀；女人；嘘声156birth n.出生，诞生；出身，血统；起源；出现157birthday n.生日；(成方)纪念日158bite v./n.咬,叮n.一口159black a.黑(色)的；黑暗的n.黑(色)；黑暗；黑人160blackboard n.黑板161blackmail n.讹诈，敲诈，勒索；胁迫，恫吓162bleed v.出血,流血163bless v.祝福,保佑164blind a.盲的，瞎的；盲目的vt.使失明n.百叶窗165blood n.血液，血；血统，血亲；血气166bloody a.流血的,血腥的167blow vi.吹，吹气，打气；吹奏；爆炸；n.打,打击168blue a.蓝色的;青灰色的；沮丧的,阴郁的n.蓝色169board n.板,木板;全体委员;伙食v.上船(车,飞机)170boat n.小船,艇171body n.身体,本体;主体;尸体;物体;(一)群,批,堆172bomb n.炸弹v.投弹于,轰炸173bone n.骨(骼)174book n.书，书籍vt.订(票，座位，房间等)，预定175boot n.靴；(汽车后部的)行李箱；[the-]解雇176born a.出生的，产生的；天生的，十足的177borrow vt.借，借入；(思想、文字等)采用，抄袭178boss n.老板，上司vt.指挥，控制，发号施令179both prep.两者(都)，双方(都）adj.两个..(都)180bottle n.瓶(子) v.装瓶181bow v./n.鞠躬,点头n.弓(形);蝴蝶结182bowl n.碗(状物),钵183bowling n.保龄球运动184box n.盒，箱；包厢v.把…装箱；拳击，打耳光185boy n.男孩子，儿子；男性服务员186brain n.(大)脑,骨髓;(pl.)脑力,智能187branch n.(树)条,分支;分店;(学科)分科,部门;支流188brandy n.白兰地酒189brave a.勇敢的v.勇敢地面对(危险等)190bread n.面包191breadth n.宽度,幅192break vt.打破；中止；违反vi.破(裂) n.休息时间193breakdown n.崩溃；衰竭；(关系、计划或讨论等的)中断194breakfast n.早餐v.(给某人)吃早餐195breast n.胸膛,乳房196breath n.呼吸,气息197breathe v.呼吸,吸入198brick n.砖块，砖；v.用砖围砌，用砖填补199bridge n.桥；桥牌；鼻梁vt.架桥；渡过200brief a.简短的,简洁的v.简短介绍,简要汇报201bright a.明亮的,辉煌的;聪明的;欢快的,美好的202bring v.拿来，带来；产生，引起；使处于某种状态203broad a.宽的,广阔的;广大的;宽宏的,豁达的204broadcast v./n.广播(节目)205brother n.兄弟;同胞;教友206brow n.眉(毛);额207brush n.刷(子),毛刷;画笔v.刷,擦,掸,拂;掠过208bubble n.泡,水泡,气泡v.冒泡,起泡,沸腾209build vt.建造，建筑；建设，建立vi.增大，增强210building n.建筑(物)，房屋，大楼[同]structure211bulb n.灯泡,球状物212bull n.公牛213bullet n.子弹,枪弹214bump v.(against,into)碰;颠簸着前进n.碰撞215burden n.担子，重担，负担vt.给予负担或麻烦216burn v.燃烧，烧着；烧毁；灼伤n.烧伤，灼伤217bus n.公共汽车，总线，信息通路218bush n.灌木(丛)219business n.商业,生意;事务,业务,职责220busy a.忙，忙碌的；热闹的，繁忙的；(电话)占线221but conj.但是prep.除...以外ad.只，才，仅仅222butterfly n.蝴蝶223button n.纽扣,按钮(开关) v.扣紧;扣上纽扣224buy vt.买，买得；向…行贿，收买vi.购买东西225by prep.被；凭借；经由；由于ad.在近旁；经过226bypass n.(by-pass)旁道；vt.绕过C227cafe n.咖啡馆,(小)餐馆228cake n.饼，糕，蛋糕；扁平的块状物229calculate v.计算,推算;计划,打算230call vt.叫，喊；打电话vi.叫；访问n.叫；号召231calm a.(天气,海洋等)静的n.平静v.(使)平静232calorie n.卡路里(食物所产生的热量或能量单位) 233camel n.骆驼234camera n.照相机,摄影机235campus n.(大学)校园236can a ux.v.能；可以n.罐头；容器vt.把…装罐237cancel v.取消,把…作废;删去,划掉238candle n.蜡烛239candy n.糖果240Cap n.便帽,军帽;盖,罩,套v.覆盖于…顶端241capital n.首都;大写字母;资本a.主要的,大写字母的242captain n.首领,队长;船长;上尉v.做…的首领,指挥243car n.汽车，车辆，车；(火车)车厢244card n.卡片,名片;纸牌;纸片245care n.小心;关怀,照料v.(about)关心,介意,计较246careful a.小心的,仔细的;细致的,精心的247carry v.运送,搬运;传送,传播;领,带248cartoon n.漫画,幽默画;动画片249carve v.(雕)刻250cash n.现金,现款v.兑现,付(或收)现款251cashier n.收银员,出纳员252cat n.猫；猫科；253catch v.捕捉,捕获;赶上;感染;理解,听到254cause n.原因;事业,事件,奋斗目标v.使产生,引起255cave n.洞,穴256celebrate vt.庆祝；颂扬，赞美vi.庆祝，过节257cell n.细胞;小房间;蜂房;电池258cent n.分(币);百per cent百分之259centre n.中心，中央，中间vt.集中vi.以..为中心260century n.世纪,(一)百年261certain a.某,某一,某些;(of)一定的,确信的,可靠的262certainly ad.一定,必定,无疑;当然,行263certainty n.必然,肯定;必然的事264chair n.椅子；(会议的)主席vt.当…的主席，主持265chairman n.主席,议长,会长,董事长266chalk n.粉笔,白垩267challenge n.挑战(书);艰巨任务,难题v.向…挑战268chance n.机会;可能性;偶然性,运气v.碰巧,偶然发生269change n.改变,变化;零钱v.更换,调换,交换;改变270chapter n. 章；回，篇271charm n.吸引力,魅力v.迷人,(使)陶醉;施魔法于272chat v./n.闲谈,聊天273cheap a.便宜的;低劣的,不值钱的274cheat v.欺骗;作弊n.骗子;欺诈,欺骗行为275cheer v.(使)振奋,(使)高兴v./n.喝彩,欢呼276cheese n.干酪,乳酪277chemical a.化学的n.(pl.)化学制品,化学药品278chemist n.化学家;药剂师279chemistry n.化学280cheque n.(check)支票,空白支票;总收入281chess n.棋，国际象棋282chicken n.鸡肉；鸡，小鸡，小鸟283chief a.主要的,首要的n.首领,领袖284child n.( [pl.] children)小孩，儿童，儿女285childhood n.幼年,童年286chill n.寒冷,寒气,寒战v.使寒冷287china n.瓷器288chocolate n.巧克力(糖),赭色289choice n.选择(机会),抉择,选择项;入选者a.精选的290choose v.选择,挑选;甘愿291Christ n.基督，救世主，耶稣292Christian n.基督教徒a.基督教徒的293Christmas n．圣诞节294cigar n.雪茄烟295cigaret n.(cigarette)香烟,纸烟,卷烟296cinema n.电影院;电影,影片297circle n.圆,圆周;集团;周期,循环v.环绕,旋转298citizen n.公民;市民,居民299city n．城市；都市；市300clap v.拍手,拍,轻拍n.拍(手),掌声,霹雳声301class n.班级，年级；种类，等级，阶级；(一节)课302classic n.(pl.)杰作,名著a.第一流的,不朽的303classical a.经典的,古典(文学)的304classmate (名)同班同学305classroom n.教室，课堂306clean a.清洁的，干净的v.除去..污垢,把...弄干净307clear a./ad.清晰的(地)vt.清除；使清楚vi.变清澈308clever a.聪明的,伶俐的,机敏的,精巧的309click n.滴答声；vi.发出滴答声310climate n.气候;风气,社会思潮311climb v./n.攀登,爬312clock n.钟vt.记录(时间、速度等)，为…计时313clockwise a.顺时针方向314clone n.无性繁殖，克隆；复制品v.克隆315close v./n.关；结束a./ad.近的(地)；紧密的(地)316closet n.(壁)橱a.私下的vt.把…引进密室会谈317cloth n.(一块)布,织物,衣料318clothe v.(给…)穿衣,供给…衣服319clothes n.衣服(虽为复数，亦不可数)320clothing n.服装,被褥321cloud n.云(状物);遮暗物,阴影;一大群322cloudy a.多云的,阴(天)的;混浊的,模糊的323club n.俱乐部,夜总会;社团;棍棒,球棒324coal n.煤,煤块325coat n.上衣，外套；表皮；层,覆盖物v.涂(盖)上326cocaine n.可卡因，古柯碱（用作局部麻醉剂）327cock n.公鸡,雄鸡;龙头,开关328code n.代码,代号,密码;法典,法规,规划329coffee n.咖啡(色)330coin n.硬币,货币v.铸造(硬币),创造(新词)331coke n.焦炭；可口可乐（COCA-COLA）的缩写332cold a.冷的，寒冷的；冷淡的n.冷，寒冷；伤风333collect v.收集,搜集;领取,接走;收(税等);聚集,堆积334collection n.收藏(品),收集(物)335collective n.集体a.集体的,共同的336college n.学院,高等专科学校,大学337color n.(=colour)颜色；颜料；肤色v.给…着色338come v.来；出现于，产生；是，成为；开始，终于339comfort n.舒适，安逸；安慰，慰问v.安慰，使舒适340comfortable a.舒适的，舒服的；感到舒适的，安逸的341common a.普通的；共同的；一般的；n.公有地342communism n.共产主义343company n.公司;陪伴;宾客;连(队),(一)群,队,伙344compete vi.比赛；竞争；对抗345competent a.有能力的，能胜任的；足够的346competition n.竞争，比赛；角逐，较量；[总称]竞争者347competitive a.竞争的；好竞争的；(价格等的)有竞争力的348complain v.(about,of)抱怨;申诉349complete a.完全的,圆满的v.完成,结束,使完满350ompose v.组成,构成;(of)由…组成;创作(诗歌等)351compute v./n.计算,估计352computer n.计算机,电脑;计算者353comrade n.同志,同事,同伴,朋友354concert n.音乐会,演奏会;一齐,一致355conclusion n.结论，推论；结尾；缔结，议定356confidence n.(in)信任;信心,自信;秘密,机密357Confident n.(of,in)确信的,自信的358confidential a.秘(机)密的；表示信任的；担任机密工作的359confuse v.使混乱,混淆360connect vt.连接；与…联系，接通(电话) vi.连接361connection n.(connexion)联系,连接；亲戚，社会关系362conquer v.征服,战胜,占领;克服,破除(坏习惯等)363conquest n.征服，征服地，掠取物364consequence n.结果,后果,影响;重要性365consequently ad.结果，因此，所以366consider v.考虑，细想；体谅，顾及；认为，把…看作367consult v.请教，向...咨询，找...商量；查阅，查看368consultant n.会诊医师,顾问医生;顾问369contain v.包含，容纳；容忍，抑制；可被...除尽370container n.容器;集装箱371contest n.竞争,竞赛,比赛v.竞争,比赛,争论372context n.（文章等）前后关系；(事件等发生的)背景373continent n.大陆,洲374continual a.不断的,连续的,频繁的375continue v.继续,连续,延伸376continuous a.连续的,持续的377control n.(over)控制,支配v.控制,支配378convenience n.便利,方便;(pl.)便利设备379convenient a.(to)便利的,方便的380conversation n.会话,谈话381cook n.厨师v.烹调，烧煮；纂改(账目)，捏造382cool a.凉的；冷静的n.凉快ad.冷静地v.使变凉383cope v.(with)竞争,对抗;(with)对付,妥善处理384copper n.铜;铜币,铜制器385copy n.抄本，摹本；(一)本vt.抄写；考试中抄袭386copyright n.／a.版权(的)387core n.果核;中心,核心388corn n.谷物,庄稼,玉米389corner n.角，街角；偏僻处；vt.将…逼入困境；390correct a.正确的,恰当的,端正的v.改正,纠正,矫正391cost n.成本,费用,代价v.价值为,花费392costly a.昂贵的,价值高的,豪华的393cotton n.棉花;棉线,棉纱;棉制品394couch n.长沙发；(病人躺的)长榻vt.表达395cough v./n.咳嗽396could v.aux.(口语)(表示许可或请求）可以...，行397count v.数,计算;算入;看作,认为n.计数,总数398country n.国家;农村,乡下399countryside n.乡下,农村400county n.(英国)郡,(美国)县401couple n.(一)对,双;夫妇; v.连接,结合402courage n.勇气,胆量403course n.课程,教程;过程,进程;路程,路线;一道菜404cover v.覆盖,包括,涉及n.盖子,套子;(书的)封面405cow n.母牛,奶牛406crab n.螃蟹,蟹肉407crazy a.疯狂的,古怪的,蠢的;(about)狂热的408cream n.乳脂,(鲜)奶油;奶油色409create v.创造,创作;引起,造成,建立410creative a.有创造力的,创造性的411credit v./n.信用,信任n.信用贷款,赊欠;名誉,名望412creep v.爬,爬行;(植物)蔓延413crime n.罪行,犯罪414crisis n.(pl.crises)危机,紧要关头415critic n.批评家,评论家416criticize v.(criticise)批评,评论417crop n.作物,庄稼;(谷类等的)一熟收成;一批,大量418cross n.十字(架)；苦难a.交叉的；发怒的v.穿过419cry n.&v.叫，喊，哭；(鸟兽)叫，啼，鸣，嗥420culture n.文化,文明;修养;耕种；栽培,培育;421cup n.杯子；奖杯，优胜杯；(一)杯，一杯的容量422cupboard n.碗柜,小橱423curious a.好奇的, 求知的, 古怪的, 爱挑剔的424curtain n.窗帘,门帘;幕(布);结束；vt遮掩425custom n.习惯,风俗,惯例;(pl.)海关,关税426customary a.习惯的,惯例的427cut n./v.切，割，削;削减，删节n.切口，伤口428cycle n.自行车;周期,循环v.骑自行车;循环D429daily a.每日的ad.每日,天天n.日报430dam n.水坝,水闸431dance n.舞(蹈)；舞曲，舞会v.跳舞;跳动432danger n.危险;威胁;危险事物433dangerous a.危险的，不安全的434dare v.敢,胆敢435dark a.黑暗的，深(色)的；隐秘的；n.无光，黑暗436darling n.心爱的人,亲爱的437data n.(datum的复数)资料，数据438date n.日期,年代v.注明…的日期n./v.约会439daughter n.女儿440day n.天，一昼夜；白昼，白天；时期，时代441daylight n.日光,白昼,黎明442daytime n.白天,日间443dead a.死的；无生命的；死气沉沉的ad.完全地444deadline n.最后期限445deadly a.致命的;势不两立的; 极度的;必定的446deaf a.聋的;不愿听的447dear a.昂贵的；亲爱的；珍贵的int.呵！哎呀！448death n.死，死亡；灭亡，毁灭，死因449debt n.债,债务450December n.十二月451decrease n.减少,减小;减少量v.减少,变少,降低452deed n.行为,行动;功绩,事迹;证书；契据453deep a.深的,深长的;深奥的;强烈的ad.深入的,迟454deer n.鹿455delete vt.删除456delicious a.美味的;美妙的;使人愉快的457depart vi.离开,起程 a.过去的,逝世的458department n.部,局,处,科,部门;系,学部459depend v.(on)取决于,依靠,信赖,相信460dependent a.依靠的,依赖的,从属的;随…而定的461depth n.深，深度,深奥,深刻462describe v.描述,形容463deserve v.应受,值得464design v.设计;构思;绘制;图案;企图n.设计,图样465desk n.书桌，办公桌，服务台466destroy v.破坏,摧毁,消灭467detect v.察觉,发觉,侦察,探测468determine v.决心,决定;确定,限定469develop v.发展,开发,研制;显现,显影;发育,生长470dew n.露水471diagnose vt.诊断(疾病)；判断(问题)472dialog n.(dialogue)对话,对白473diary n.日记,日记簿474dictionary n.词典,字典475die vi.死，死亡；(草木)枯萎，凋谢；渴望476differ v.(from)与…不同;(with)与…意见不同477difference n.差别,差异,分歧478differenta.差异的,差异的,不同的479difficult a.困难的,艰难的480difficulty n.困难,困境,难题481dig v.挖,掘482dine v.吃饭,进餐483dinner n.正餐,宴会484dip v./n.浸,蘸485direct a./ad.径直的(地) v.管理,指导;(at,to)指向486direction n.方向,方位;指令,说明487directly ad.直接地,径直地;马上,立即488director n.指导者,主任,导演489dirt n.污物,污垢490dirty a.弄脏的;下流的v.弄脏,玷污491disable vt.使残废;使失去能力;丧失能力492disappear v.不见,消失493disappoint vt.失望；(希望等)破灭，挫败(计划等) 494discard vt.丢弃，抛弃，遗弃495discount n.折扣；贴现(率) vt.打折扣;不重视496discourage v.使泄气,使失去信心497discover v.发现,显示498discovery n.发现;被发现的事物499discuss v t.讨论,商议500disgust n.厌恶,恶心v.使厌恶501dish n.碟子,盘子,菜肴502dislike n./v.不喜欢,厌恶503display v./n.陈列,展览,显示(器)504distance n.距离,间隔,远方,路程505distant a.远的;遥远的;疏远的;不亲近的506divide v.分,划分,分开;分配;(by)除507division n.分,分割;部门,科,处;除法;分界线508do aux.v. vt.做，干，办，从事；引起vi.行动509doctor n.医生;博士vt.授以博士学位;诊断;修改510document n.公文,文献511documentary a.文献的n.记录片512dog n.狗，雄兽vt.尾随，跟踪513dollar n.(美国,加拿大等国货币单位)美元,加元514donkey n.驴子；蠢人；顽固的人515door n.门；门口，出入口；门状物；家；通道516doorway n.门口517dot n.点,圆点v.在…上打点518doubt n./v.怀疑,疑虑519dove n.鸽子520down ad.下；由大到小prep.沿着…而下a.向下的521downstairs ad.在楼下,往楼下522downtown ad.在城市的商业区n./a.城市商业区(的) 523downward a.向下的ad.(also downwards)向下,往下524drag v.拖,拖曳525dragon n.龙526drama n.剧本,戏剧;戏剧性事件或场面527dramatic a.戏剧的,戏剧性的;剧烈的528draw v.拉;画;汲取;引出;(to)挨近n.平局;拖曳529drawback n.欠缺,缺点;退还的关税530drawer n.抽屉531drawing n.绘图,图样532dream n./v.梦,梦想,幻想533dress n.服装,童装,女装v.穿衣,打扮534drink v.(drank,drunk)喝，饮n.饮料；喝酒535drip v.滴下,漏水n.滴,水滴,点滴536drive v.开(车);驱;驱动,把(钉,桩)打入n.驾驶537driver n.驾驶员538drop n.滴;落下;微量v.落下;下降;失落539drought n.旱灾,干旱540drug n.药物;麻醉品;毒品;滞销货v.下麻药;吸毒541drum n.鼓;圆桶542drunk a.醉酒的；(喻)陶醉的n.酗酒者，醉汉543dry a.干(旱)的；干渴的；枯燥vt.使干燥，晒干544duck n.鸭,鸭肉v.迅速俯身;快速低头;躲避545dumb a.哑的,无言的546during prep.在…期间547dust n.灰尘,尘土v.拂,掸548duty n.义务,责任;职务;税549dynasty n.王朝,朝代E550each a./pron.各,各自的,每551eager a.(for)渴望的,热切的552eagle n.鹰553ear n.耳，耳朵；听力，听觉；穗554early a.早的,早期的,及早的ad.早,在初期555earth n.地球；陆地；泥土，土壤；尘世，人间556earthquake n.地震557ease v.减轻;使舒适,使安心n.容易;舒适,悠闲558east n.东,东方,东部a.东方的,东部的559Easter n.复活节560eastern a.东方的,东部的561easy a.容易的，不费力的，安逸的，宽裕的562eat vt.吃，喝vi.吃饭，吃东西563economic a.经济(上)的,经济学的564economy n.节约;经济565educate v.教育,培养,训练566education n.教育,培养,训练567egg n.蛋; 卵; 卵形物568eight num.八pron.八(个，只...)569eighteen num.十八，十八个570eighty num./a.八十pron.八十(个，只...)571either ad.也(不) pron.两者之一a.(两者中)任一的572elder a.年长的,资格老的n.长辈573elderly a.较老的，年长的n.[the～]到了晚年的人574elect v.选举,推选;选择,作出选择575elephant n.(动物)象576eleven num.十一pron./a.十一(个，只...)577else ad.其它，另外，别的；[与or连用]否则578elsewhere ad.在别处,向别处579e-mail n.(electronic mail)电子信函，电子邮件580employ n./v.雇用;用,使用581employee n.雇工,雇员582employer n.雇主583employment n.雇用;使用;工作,职业584empty a.空的;空洞的v.倒空,使成为空的585enable v.使能够,使成为可能;授予权利或方法586end n.末端，端，梢；目标，目的v.终止，结束587ending n.结尾,结局588enemy n.敌人，仇敌，反对者；敌人，敌军，敌国589energetica.精力旺盛的;积极的;有力的590energy n.活力,精力;能,能量591engine n.发动机,引擎;火车头592engineer n.工程师593enjoy vt.享受…的乐趣；欣赏；喜爱594enlarge vt.扩大,放大,增大595enough a.(for)足够的n.足够,充分ad.足够地596ensure v.确保,保证;使安全597enter vt.进入；参加，加入；写入vi.进去，进来598entrance n.入口,门口;进入;入学,入会599entry n.进入,入口;通道;记载,条目600envelope n.信封,信皮;封套601environment n.环境,外界602equal a.相等的;胜任的n.相等的事务;对手v.等于603equality n.同等;平等;相等;等式;等同性604error n.错误,过失605especially ad.特别，尤其，格外；专门地，主要地606establish v.建立,设立;安置,使定居607eve n.(节日等的)前夜,前夕608even ad.甚至(更) a.均匀的;平的;相等的；偶数的609evening n.傍晚，黄昏，晚上610ever ad.曾经；永远；在任何时候；究竟611every a.每一个的，每个的；每隔…的；全部的612everybody pron.(everyone)每人，人人613everyday adj.每日的，日常的614everyone pron.(everybody)每人，人人，各人615everything pron.每件事，一切；最重要的东西616everywhere ad.到处，各处，无论何处617exam n.(examination)考试,测验618examine v.检查,调查;对…进行考试619example n.例子,实例;模范,榜样620excel vi.胜过其他;擅长vt.胜过，优于621excellent a.卓越的,极好的622except prep.除…之外v.除外;反对623exception n.例外,除外;反对;异议624exchange v./n.(for)交换,兑换;交流,交易;交换台625excite v.刺激,使激动;激发,激励626excitement n.刺激,激动,兴奋627exciting a.令人兴奋的,使人激动的628excuse v.原谅,宽恕,免除n.借口,辩解629exist v.存在;生存;生活630existence n.存在,实在;生存,生活(方式)631exit n.出口,通道632expand v.(使)膨胀,(使)扩张;张开,展开633expansion n.扩张,膨胀;张开,伸展634expend v.消费,花费635expense n.花费,消费,消耗636expensive a.花费的,昂贵的637experience n./vt.经验;经历;体验;阅历638experiment n.实验;试验v.(on)进行实验;做试验639experimental a.实验(性)的,试验(性)的640expert n.专家,能手a.熟练的,有经验的;专门的641explain v.解释,说明642explanation n.解释,说明643export v./n.输出,出口n.出口商品644expose v.(to)使暴露,受到;使曝光645exposure n.暴露,揭露;方向;陈列;遗弃;照射量646extend v.延长,延伸;扩充;给予;提供;估价647extra a.额外的,附加的n.附加物,额外的东西648extreme a.末端的,尽头的;极度的n.极端;最大程度649eye n.眼(睛)；视力；眼力；监督vt.看，审视650eyebrow n.眉毛651eyesight n.视力F652face n.脸,面貌;表情;正面v.面对着;朝,面向653fact n.事实,实际654factory n.工厂655fail v.失败,不及格;衰退,减弱656failure n.失败,不及格;失败者;故障,失灵;未能657fair a.公平的,合理的;相当的n.集市,交易会658fairly ad.公正地,正当地;相当,还算659fall v.跌倒;下降;减弱;坠落;变成,陷于n.秋季660false a.谬误的,虚伪的,伪造的,假的661familiar a.熟悉的;通晓的;亲近的n.熟客;密友662family n.家,家庭成员;氏族,家庭;族,科663famous a.著名的664fan n.扇子,风扇;(影,球等)迷v.扇,扇动,激起665fantasy n.幻想，空想；空想的产物，幻想作品666far a./ad.远，久远，遥远ad.到…程度，…得多667farewell int.再会,别了n.告别668farm n.农场,饲养场v.种田,经营农牧业669farmer n.农民,农场主670farther ad.更远地,再往前地a.更远的671fashion n.流行式样(或货品),风尚,风气;样子,方式672fashionable a.流行的,时髦的673fast a.快的，迅速的；坚固的ad.紧紧地；迅速地674fasten v.扎牢,使固定675fat a.多脂肪的，肥胖的；丰厚的n.脂肪，肥肉676father n.父亲；创始人，发明者；(Father)神父677favorite n.(favourite)最喜欢的人或物a.喜爱的678fax n./v.传真(机)679fear n.害怕，恐惧；危险vt.畏惧，害怕，担心680fearful a.可怕的，吓人的；害怕，担心，惊恐681feather n.羽毛682February n.二月683fee n.费(会费,学费等);酬金684feed v.(on,with)喂养,饲养;(with)向…供给685feedback n.反馈;反应;回授686feel v.触；认为vi.摸上去有…感觉；摸索；觉得687feeling n.感情;心情;知觉;同情688fell v.击倒;打倒(疾病等);砍伐a.凶猛的;可怕的689fellow n.人,家伙;伙伴,同事a.同样的,同事的690fellowship n.伙伴关系;联谊会,团体691female n.女性;女人;雌兽a.女性的;雌的;柔弱的692fever n.发热,狂热693few a.[表肯定]有些，几个；[表否定]几乎没有的694field n.田野；运动场；(电或磁)场；领域，范围695fifteen num.十五pron./a.十五(个，只...)696fifty num.五十，五十个697fight v./n.打(仗),搏斗,斗争,战斗698file n.锉刀;文件,档案v.锉699fill v.(with)填满,充满700film n.电影；胶片；薄膜，薄层vt.把..拍成电影701final a.最终的,决定性的n.结局;决赛;期末考试702finally ad.最后,最终;决定性地703find v.(found,found)找到；发现；发觉；感到704finding n.发现,发现物;(常pl.)调查/研究结果705fine a.晴朗的,美好的,细致的v./n.罚金,罚款706finger n.手指;指状物;指针707finish n.完成;结束;磨光v.完成;结束;用完;毁掉708finite a.有限的；[数]有穷的,限定的709fire n.火；火灾，失火；炉火vi.开火vt.放(枪)710fireman n.消防队员711Fireplace n.壁炉712firm a.坚固的;坚决的,坚定的n.公司,商号713first a./ad.第一；最初;首次n.开始pron.第一名714fish n.(pl.fish(es))鱼；鱼肉v.捕鱼；钓鱼715fisherman n.渔夫，捕鱼人716fist n.拳头vt.用拳头打；紧握717fit a.(病的)发作，痉挛v./a.n.合适,试穿,安装718five num.五pron./a.五(个，只...)719fix v.(使)固定;修理;安装;决定;注视n.困境720flag n.旗721flash n./a.闪光(的) v.发闪光,闪亮;闪现722flat a.平坦的,扁平的,平淡的n.一套房间;平面723flight n.飞翔,飞行;航班;航程;逃跑;楼梯的一段724flood n.洪水,水灾v.淹没,发大水,泛滥725floor n.地板,(楼房)的层726flow v.流,流动n.流量,流速727flower n.花；精华，精粹，精英；盛时vi.开花728flu n.(influenza)流行性感冒729fly n.飞行;苍蝇v飞行;飘杨a.机敏的730focus n.焦点,(活动,兴趣等的)中心v.(on)使聚集731fold v.折叠;合拢;抱住n.褶,褶痕;羊栏;信徒732follow v.跟随,接着;领会;沿着…前进,遵循;结果是733following a.下列的，下述的，其次的，接着的734food n.食物，粮食，养料735fool n.傻子，笨蛋vt.欺骗，愚弄vi.干蠢事736foolish a.愚笨的,愚蠢的737foot n.(pl.feet)脚，足；英尺；底部738football n.足球739footstep n.脚步(声),足迹740for prep.为了；给；代替；向；支持conj.因为? 741force n.力量,力;势力;(pl.)(总称)军队v.强迫742fore ad.在前面a.先前的；在前部的n.前部743forecast v./n.预测,预报744forehead n.前额;(任何事物的)前部745foreign a.外国的,(to)无关的;外来的;异质的746foreigner n.外国人747foremost a.最先的;最初的; 主要的ad.首要地748foresee v.预见,预知749forest n.森林750forever adv.(for ever)永远；总是751forget v.忘记,遗忘752forth ad.向前；向外，往外753forthcoming a.即将到来的;准备好的;乐意帮助的;n.来临754fortnight n.两星期755forty num./a.四十pron.四十(个，只...)756forward ad.(also forwards)向前a.向前的v.转交757found vt.建立;创立;创办;使有根据;铸造;熔制758four num.四pron./a.四(个，只...)759fourteen num.十四，十四个760fox n.狐狸761frank a.坦白的,直率的762free a.自由的;免费的;免税的;空闲的vt.释放763freedom n.自由,自主,免除,特权764freeze v.使结冰,使凝固765frequency n.频率,周率766frequent a.时常发生的,频繁的767fresh a.新鲜的,无经验的768Friday n.星期五769fridge n.(refrigerator的略语)冰箱770friend n.朋友771friendly a.友好的,友谊的772friendship n.友谊,友好773frog n.蛙774from prep.从，自从；由于；离；根据，按；去除775front a.前面的,前部的n.正面;前线,战线v.面对776frontier n.国境,边境;尖端,新领域777fruit n.水果,果实;成果,效果778fruitful a.多产的;果实累累的,富有成效的779full a.(of)满的,充满的a./ad.完全,充分780Fun n.玩笑,娱乐;有趣的人(或事物)781function n.功能,作用;(pl.)职务;函数v.起作用782funny a.滑稽的,可笑的783fur n.毛,毛皮784further ad./a.更远,更往前;进一步v.促进,增进785furthermore ad.而且,此外786future n.将来,未来;前途,前景a.将来的,未来的G787gain v.获得；增加；表等走快n.增进,增加；收益788gallon n.加仑789game n.游戏，娱乐；比赛；(pl.)运动会vi.赌博790garbage n.垃圾791garden n.(菜,花)园;公园792garlic n.蒜，大蒜粉793gas n.气体；煤气；汽油；毒气vt.毒(死)；加油794gate n.大门；入口；观众人数，门票收入795gay a.快乐的,愉快的,色彩鲜艳的n.同性恋796gear n.齿轮,传动装置v.(to)调整,使适合797gene n.基因798gentleman n.绅士,先生799gently ad.文雅地,有礼貌地;轻轻地800geography n.地理(学)801geology n.地质(学)802geometry n.几何(学)803get v.获得，得到；使，使得；变得，成为；到达804ghost n.鬼魂,幽灵805gift n.礼品,赠品;天赋,才能806girl n.少女，姑娘，女孩；女职员807give v.给，授予；供给；献出，让步；捐赠；发表808glad a.高兴的，快活的；乐意的，情愿的809glass n.玻璃;玻璃杯;镜子;(pl.)眼镜810go v.去，离开；走；放置；变成；运转n.围棋。
【完整版】2020考研英语(二)真题及解析
【完整版】2020考研英语（二）真题及解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Being a good parent is,of course,what every parent would like to be.But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very1,particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting.A calm,rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than,2,a younger sibling.3,There’s another sort of parent that s a bit easier to4:a patient parent.Children of every age benefit from patient parenting.Still,5every parent would like to be patient,this is no easy6. Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a7and composed style with their kids.I understand this.You’re only human,and sometimes your kids can8you just a little too far.And then the9 happens:You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too 10and does nobody any good.You wish that you could11the clock and start over,We’ve all been there:12,even though it’s common,it’s important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue.you can say something to your child that you may13for a long time.This may not only do damage t0your relationship with.your child but also14your child’s self-esteem.If you consistently lose your15with your kids.then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids.We are all becoming increasingly aware of the16of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation.This is a skill that will help them all throughout life.In fact,the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when17by stress is one of the most important of all life’s skillsCertainly,it’s incredibly18to maintain patience at all times with your children.A more practical goal is to try,to the best of your ability,to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with19situations involving your children.I can promise you this:As a result of working toward this goal.you and your children will benefit and20from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.1.[A]tedious[B]pleasant[C]instructive[D]tricky2.[A]in addition[B]for example[C]at once[D]by accident3.[A]fortunately[B]occasionally[C]accordingly[D]eventually4.[A]amuse[B]assist[C]describe[D]train5.[A]while[B]because[C]unless[D]once6.[A]answer[B]task[C]choice[D]access7.[A]tolerant[B]formal[C]rigid[D]critical8.[A]move[B]drag[C]push[D]send9.[A]mysterious[B]illogical[C]suspicious[D]inevitable10.[A]boring[B]naive[C]harsh[D]vague11.[A]turn back[B]take apart[C]set aside[D]cover up12.[A]overall[B]instead[C]however[D]otherwise13.[A]like[B]miss[C]believe[D]regret14.[A]raise[B]affect[C]justify[D]reflect15.[A]time[B]bond[C]race[D]cool16.[A]nature[B]secret[C]importance[D]context17.[A]cheated[B]defeated[C]confused[D]confronted18.[A]terrible[B]hard[C]strange[D]wrong19.[A]trying[B]changing[C]exciting[D]surprising20.[A]hide[B]emerge[C]withdraw[D]escapeSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C orD.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat—one social and one asocial—for5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to sideNext,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across18trials each,the living rats were52percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We’d assumed we’d have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,"says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they displayonly simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.21.Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can.[A]pickup social signals from non-living rats[B]distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one[C]attain sociable traits through special training[D]send out warming messages to their fellow22.What did the social robot do during the experiment?[A]It followed the social robot.[B]It played with some toys.[C]It set the trapped Tats free.[D]It moved around alone.23.According to Quinn,the rats released the social robot because they.[A]tried to practice a means of escape[B]expected it to do the same in return[C]wanted to display their intelligence[D]considered that an interesting game24.James Wiles notes that rats.[A]can remember other rat’s facial features[B]differentiate smells better than sizes[C]respond more to cations than to looks[D]can be scared by a plastic box on wheels25.It can be learned from the text that rats.[A]appear to be adaptable to new surroundings(B]are more socially active than other animals[C]behave differently from children in socializing[D]are more sensitive to social cues than expectedText2It is fashionable today to bash Big Business.And there is one issue on which the many critics agree:CEO pay.We hear that CEOs are paid too much(or too much relative to workers),or that they rig others’pay,or that their pay is insufficiently related to positive outcomes.But the more likely truth is CEO pay is largely caused by intense competition.It is true that CEO pay has gone up—top ones may make300times the pay of typical workers on average,and since the mid-1970s,CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has,by varying estimates,gone up by about500%.The typical CEO of a top American corporation—from the350largest such companies—now makes about$18.9million a year.While individual cases of overpayment definitely exist,in general,the determinants of CEO pay are not so mysterious and not so mired in corruption.In fact,overall CEO compensation for the top companies rises pretty much.In lockstep with the value of those companies on the stock market.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay,though,is that of limited CEOtalent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly.The efforts of America’s highest-earning1%have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy.It’s not popular to say,but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other workers in the U.S.economy.Today’s CEO,at least for major American firms,must have many more skills than simply being able to“run the company.”CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them.They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors,as the costs of even a minor slipup can be significant.Then there’s the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before,with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries.To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly mind-boggling.There is yet another trend:virtually all major American companies are becoming tech companies,one way or another.An agribusiness company,for instance,may focus on R&D in highly IT-intensive areas such as genome sequencing.Similarly,it is hard to do a good job running the Walt Disney Company just by picking good movie scripts and courting stars;you also need to build a firm capable of creating significant CGI products for animated movies at the highest levels of technical sophistication and with many frontier innovations along the way.On top of all of this,major CEOs still have to do the job they have always done—which includes motivating employees,serving as an internal role model,helping to define and extend a corporate culture,understanding the internal accounting,and presenting budgets and business plans to the board.Good CEOs are some of the world’s most potent creators and have some of the very deepest skills of understanding.26.which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?A.The growth in the number of cooperationsB.The general pay rise with a better economyC.Increased business opportunities for top firmsD.Close cooperation among leading economicspared with their predecessors,today’s CEOs are required to__.A.foster a stronger sense of teamworkB.finance more research and developmentC.establish closer ties with tech companiesD.operate more globalized companies28.CEO pay has been rising since the1970s despite__.A.continual internal oppositionB.strict corporate governanceC.conservative business strategiesD.repeated governance warnings29.High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it helps__.A.confirm the status of CEOsB.motive inside candidatesC.boost the efficiency of CEOsD.increase corporate value30.The most suitable title for this text would be__.A.CEOs Are Not OverpaidB.CEO Pay:Past and PresentC.CEOs’Challenges of TodayD.CEO Traits:Not Easy to DefineText3Madrid was hailed as a public health beacon last November when it rolled out ambitious restrictions on the most polluting cars.Seven months and one election day later,a new conservative city council suspended enforcement of the clean air zone,a first step toward its possible demise.Mayor Jose Luis Martínez-Almeida made opposition to the zone a centrepiece of his election campaign,despite its success in improving air quality.A judge has now overruled the city's decision to stop levying fines,ordering them reinstated.But with legal battles ahead,the zone's future looks uncertain at best.Among other weaknesses,the measures cities must employ when left to tackle dirty air on their own are politically contentious,and therefore vulnerable.That’s because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers—who must pay fees or buy better vehicles—rather than on to the car manufacturers whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.It’s not hard to imagine a similar reversal happening in London.The new ultra-low emission zone(Ulez)is likely to be a big issue in next year's mayoral election.And if Sadiq Khan wins and extends it to the North and South Circular roads in2021as he intends,it is sure to spark intense opposition from the far larger number of motorists who will then be affected.It's not that measures such as London’s Ulez are useless.Far from it.Local officials are using the levers that are available to them to safeguard residents'health in the face of a serious threat. The zones do deliver some improvements to air quality,and the science tells us that means real health benefits-fewer heart attacks,stokes and premature births,less cancer,dementia and asthma. Fewer untimely deaths.But mayors and councilors can only do so much about a problem that is far bigger than any one city or town.They are acting because national governments—Britain’s and others across Europe—have failed to do so.Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas—city centres,“school streets”, even individual roads-are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance.Wales has introduced special low speed limits to minimise pollution.We re doing everything but insist that manufacturers clean up their cars.31.Which of the following is true about Madrid’s clean air zone?[A]Its effects are questionable[B]It has been opposed by a judge[C]It needs tougher enforcement[D]Its fate is yet to be decided32.Which is considered a weakness of the city-level measures to tackle dirty air?[A]They are biased against car manufacturers.[B]They prove impractical for city councils.[C]They are deemed too mild for politicians.[D]They put too much burden on individual motorists.33.The author believes that the extension of London’s Ulez will.[A]arouse strong resistance.[B]ensure Khan’s electoral success.[C]improve the city’s traffic.[D]discourage car manufacturing.34.Who does the author think should have addressed the problem?[A]Local residents[B]Mayors.[C]Councilors.[D]National governments.35.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that auto companies.[A]will raise low-emission car production[B]should be forced to follow regulations[C]will upgrade the design of their vehicles[D]should be put under public supervisionText4Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring—the most commonly-accepted definition says this generation was born after1995,give or take a year—the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks.GenZs are about to hit the streets looking for work in a labor market that’s tighter than its been in decades.And employers are planning on hiring about17percent more new graduates for jobs in the U.S.this year than last,according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers.Everybody wants to know how the people who will soon inhabit those empty office cubicles will differ from those who came before them.If“entitled”is the most common adjective,fairly or not,applied to millennials(those born between1981and1995),the catchwords for Generation Z are practical and cautious.According to the career counselors and experts who study them,Generation Zs are clear-eyed,economic pragmatists.Despite graduating into the best economy in the past50years,Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like.They were impressionable kids during the crash of2008,when many of their parents lost their jobs or their life savings or both.They aren’t interested in taking any chances.The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency,especially for those who have college debt.College loan balances in the U.S.now stand at a record$1.5trillion,according to the Federal Reserve.One survey from Accenture found that88percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with a job in mind.In a2019survey of University of Georgia students,meanwhile,the career office found the most desirable trait in a future employer was the ability to offer secure employment(followed by professional development and training,and then inspiring purpose).Job security or stability was the second most important career goal(work-life balance was number one),followed by a sense of being dedicated to a cause or to feel good about serving the greater good.36.Generation Zs graduating college this spring________.[A]are recognized for their abilities[B]are in favor of job offers[C]are optimistic about the labor market[D]are drawing growing public attention37.Generation Zs are keenly aware________.[A]what a tough economic situation is like[B]what their parents expect of them[C]how they differ from past generations[D]how valuable a counselor’s advice is38.The word“assuage”(line9,para2)is closet in meaning to________.[A]define[B]relieve[C]maintain[D]deepen39.It can be learned from Paragraph3that Generation Zs________.[A]care little about their job performance[B]give top priority to professional training[C]think it hard to achieve work-life balance[D]have a clear idea about their future job40.Michelsen thinks that compared with millennials,Generation Zs are________.[A]less realistic[B]less adventurous[C]more diligent[D]more generousPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)[A]Give compliments,just not too many.[B]Put on a good face,always.[C]Tailor your interactions.[D]Spend time with everyone.[E]Reveal,don’t hide information.[F]Slow down and listen.[G]Put yourselves in others’shoes.Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the OfficeIs it possible to like everyone in your office?Think about how tough it is to get together15 people,much less50,who all get along perfectly.But unlike in friendships,you need coworkers. You work with them every day and you depend on them just as they depend on you.Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your side.41.[E]Reveal,don’t hide information.If you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace,you may try stay tight-lipped around them.But you won’t be helping either one of you.A Harvard Business School study foundthat observers consistently rated those who were frank about themselves more highly,while those who hid lost trustworthiness.The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book,but rather,when given the option to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them,you should just be honest.42.[F]Slow down and listen.Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others.We often feel the need to tell others how we feel,whether it’s a concern about a project,a stray thought,or a compliment.Those are all valid,but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers,too.In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don’t value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine,back-and-forth conversation,rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.43.[D]Spend time with everyone.It’s common to have a“cubicle mate”or special confidant in a work setting.But in addition to those trusted coworkers,you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around e your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don’t always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job.It requires minimal effort and goes a long way.This will help to grow your internal network,in addition to being a nice break in the work day.44.[A]Give compliments,just not too many.Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear.And you don’t have to be someone’s boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project.This will help engender good will in others.But don’t overdo it or be fake about it.One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive,possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.45.[C]Tailor your interactions.This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off,but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction.Watch out for how they verbalize with others.Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters,while other are more straightforward.Jokes that work one person won’t necessarily land with another.So,adapt your style accordingly to type.Consider the person that you’re dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese.Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)It’s almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure.People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere.Put simply,they're not really living at all.But,the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as“the end of the world,”or as proof of just how inadequate we are.Or,we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is.Every time we fail at something.we can choose to look for the lesson we’re meant to learn.These lessons arevery important,they’re how we grow,and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance,failure can help you discover how strong a person you are.Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends,or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.【参考译文】人的一生总要经历一些失败。
2020考研英语二真题 附答案解析
Directions:2020考研英语（二）真题及解析完整版Section I Use of EnglishRead the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Being a good parent is,of course,what every parent would like to be.But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very1,particularly since children respond differentlyto the same style of parenting.A calm,rule-following child might respond better to a different sortof parenting than,2,a younger sibling.3,There’s another sort of parent that s a bit easier to4:a patient parent.Children of every age benefit from patient parenting.Still,5every parent would like to be patient,this is no easy6. Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a7and composed style with their kids.I understand this.You’re only human,and sometimes your kids can8you just a little too far.And then the9 happens:You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too 10and does nobody any good.You wish that you could11the clock and start over,We’ve all been there:12,even though it’s common,it’s important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue.you can say something to your child that you may13for a long time.This may not onlydo damage t0your relationship with.your child but also14your child’s self-esteem.If you consistently lose your15with your kids.then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids.We are all becoming increasingly aware of the16of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation.This is a skill that will help them all throughout life.In fact,the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when17by stress is one of the most important of all life’s skillsCertainly,it’s incredibly18to maintain patience at all times with your children.A more practical goal is to try,to the best of your ability,to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with19situations involving your children.I can promise you this:As a result of working toward this goal.you and your children will benefit and20from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.1.[A]tedious[B]pleasant[C]instructive[D]tricky2.[A]in addition[B]for example[C]at once[D]by accident3.[A]fortunately[B]occasionally[C]accordingly[D]eventually4.[A]amuse[B]assist[C]describe[D]train5.[A]while[B]because[C]unless[D]once6.[A]answer[B]task[C]choice[D]access7.[A]tolerant[B]formal[C]rigid[D]critical8.[A]move[B]drag[C]push[D]send9.[A]mysterious[B]illogical[C]suspicious[D]inevitable10.[A]boring[B]naive[C]harsh[D]vague11.[A]turn back[B]take apart[C]set aside[D]cover up12.[A]overall[B]instead[C]however[D]otherwise13.[A]like[B]miss[C]believe[D]regret14.[A]raise[B]affect[C]justify[D]reflect15.[A]time[B]bond[C]race[D]cool16.[A]nature[B]secret[C]importance[D]context17.[A]cheated[B]defeated[C]confused[D]confronted18.[A]terrible[B]hard[C]strange[D]wrong19.[A]trying[B]changing[C]exciting[D]surprising20.[A]hide[B]emerge[C]withdraw[D]escapeSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C orD.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat—one social and one asocial—for5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to sideNext,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across18trials each,the living rats were52percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We’d assumed we’d have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,"says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they displayonly simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.21.Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can.[A]pickup social signals from non-living rats[B]distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one[C]attain sociable traits through special training[D]send out warming messages to their fellow22.What did the social robot do during the experiment?[A]It followed the social robot.[B]It played with some toys.[C]It set the trapped Tats free.[D]It moved around alone.23.According to Quinn,the rats released the social robot because they.[A]tried to practice a means of escape[B]expected it to do the same in return[C]wanted to display their intelligence[D]considered that an interesting game24.James Wiles notes that rats.[A]can remember other rat’s facial features[B]differentiate smells better than sizes[C]respond more to cations than to looks[D]can be scared by a plastic box on wheels25.It can be learned from the text that rats.[A]appear to be adaptable to new surroundings(B]are more socially active than other animals[C]behave differently from children in socializing[D]are more sensitive to social cues than expectedText2It is fashionable today to bash Big Business.And there is one issue on which the many critics agree:CEO pay.We hear that CEOs are paid too much(or too much relative to workers),or that they rig others’pay,or that their pay is insufficiently related to positive outcomes.But the more likely truth is CEO pay is largely caused by intense competition.It is true that CEO pay has gone up—top ones may make300times the pay of typical workers on average,and since the mid-1970s,CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has,by varying estimates,gone up by about500%.The typical CEO of a top American corporation—from the350largest such companies—now makes about$18.9million a year.While individual cases of overpayment definitely exist,in general,the determinants of CEO pay are not so mysterious and not so mired in corruption.In fact,overall CEO compensation for the top companies rises pretty much.In lockstep with the value of those companies on the stock market.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay,though,is that of limited CEOtalent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly.The efforts of America’s highest-earning1%have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy.It’s not popular to say,but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other workers in the U.S.economy.Today’s CEO,at least for major American firms,must have many more skills than simply being able to“run the company.”CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them.They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors,as the costs of even a minor slipup can be significant.Then there’s the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before,with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries.To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly mind-boggling.There is yet another trend:virtually all major American companies are becoming tech companies,one way or another.An agribusiness company,for instance,may focus on R&D in highly IT-intensive areas such as genome sequencing.Similarly,it is hard to do a good job running the Walt Disney Company just by picking good movie scripts and courting stars;you also need to build a firm capable of creating significant CGI products for animated movies at the highest levelsof technical sophistication and with many frontier innovations along the way.On top of all of this,major CEOs still have to do the job they have always done—which includes motivating employees,serving as an internal role model,helping to define and extend a corporate culture,understanding the internal accounting,and presenting budgets and business plans to the board.Good CEOs are some of the world’s most potent creators and have some of the very deepest skills of understanding.26.which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?A.The growth in the number ofcooperationsB.The general pay rise with a better economyC.Increased business opportunities for top firmsD.Close cooperation among leading economicspared with their predecessors,today’s CEOs are required to.A.foster a stronger sense ofteamworkB.finance more research and developmentC.establish closer ties with tech companiesD.operate more globalized companies28.CEO pay has been rising since the1970s despite.A.continual internal oppositionB.strict corporate governanceC.conservative business strategiesD.repeated governance warnings29.High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it helps.A.confirm the status of CEOsB.motive inside candidatesC.boost the efficiency of CEOsD.increase corporate value30.The most suitable title for this text would be.A.CEOs Are Not OverpaidB.CEO Pay:Past and PresentC.CEOs’Challenges of TodayD.CEO Traits:Not Easy to DefineText3Madrid was hailed as a public health beacon last November when it rolled out ambitious restrictions on the most polluting cars.Seven months and one election day later,a new conservative city council suspended enforcement of the clean air zone,a first step toward its possible demise.Mayor Jose Luis Martínez-Almeida made opposition to the zone a centrepiece of his election campaign,despite its success in improving air quality.A judge has now overruled the city's decision to stop levying fines,ordering them reinstated.But with legal battles ahead,the zone's future looks uncertain at best.Among other weaknesses,the measures cities must employ when left to tackle dirty air on their own are politically contentious,and therefore vulnerable.That’s because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers—who must pay fees or buy better vehicles—rather than on to the car manufacturers whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.It’s not hard to imagine a similar reversal happening in London.The new ultra-low emission zone(Ulez)is likely to be a big issue in next year's mayoral election.And if Sadiq Khan wins and extends it to the North and South Circular roads in2021as he intends,it is sure to spark intense opposition from the far larger number of motorists who will then be affected.It's not that measures such as London’s Ulez are useless.Far from it.Local officials are using the levers that are available to them to safeguard residents'health in the face of a serious threat. The zones do deliver some improvements to air quality,and the science tells us that means real health benefits-fewer heart attacks,stokes and premature births,less cancer,dementia and asthma. Fewer untimely deaths.But mayors and councilors can only do so much about a problem that is far bigger than any one city or town.They are acting because national governments—Britain’s and others across Europe—have failed to do so.Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas—city centres,“school streets”, even individual roads-are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance.Wales has introduced special low speed limits to minimise pollution.We re doing everything but insist that manufacturers clean up their cars.31.Which of the following is true about Madrid’s clean air zone?[A]Its effects are questionable[B]It has been opposed by ajudge[C]It needs tougher enforcement[D]Its fate is yet to be decided32.Which is considered a weakness of the city-level measures to tackle dirty air?[A]They are biased against car manufacturers.[B]They prove impractical for city councils.[C]They are deemed too mild for politicians.[D]They put too much burden on individual motorists.33.The author believes that the extension of London’s Ulez will.[A]arouse strong resistance.[B]ensure Khan’s electoral success.[C]improve the city’s traffic.[D]discourage car manufacturing.34.Who does the author think should have addressed the problem?[A]Local residents[B]Mayors.[C]Councilors.[D]National governments.35.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that auto companies.[A]will raise low-emission car production[B]should be forced to follow regulations[C]will upgrade the design of theirvehicles[D]should be put under public supervisionText4Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring—the most commonly-accepted definition says this generation was born after1995,give or take a year—the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks.GenZs are about to hit the streets looking for work in a labor market that’s tighter than its been in decades.And employers are planning on hiring about17percent more new graduates for jobs in the U.S.this year than last,according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers.Everybody wants to know how the people who will soon inhabit those empty office cubicles will differ from those who came before them.If“entitled”is the most common adjective,fairly or not,applied to millennials(those born between1981and1995),the catchwords for Generation Z are practical and cautious.According to the career counselors and experts who study them,Generation Zs are clear-eyed,economic pragmatists.Despite graduating into the best economy in the past50years,Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like.They were impressionable kids during the crash of2008,when many of their parents lost their jobs or their life savings or both.They aren’t interested in taking any chances.The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency,especially for those who have college debt.College loan balances in the U.S.now stand at a record$1.5trillion,according to the Federal Reserve.One survey from Accenture found that88percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with a job in mind.In a2019survey of University of Georgia students,meanwhile,the career office found the most desirable trait in a future employer was the ability to offer secure employment(followed by professional development and training,and then inspiring purpose).Job security or stability was the second most important career goal(work-life balance was number one),followed by a sense of being dedicated to a cause or to feel good about serving the greater good.36.Generation Zs graduating college this spring.[A]are recognized for their abilities[B]are in favor of job offers[C]are optimistic about the labor market[D]are drawing growing public attention37.Generation Zs arekeenly aware.[A]what a tough economic situation is like[B]what their parents expect ofthem[C]how they differ from pastgenerations[D]how valuable a counselor’s advice is38.The word“assuage”(line9,para2)is closet in meaning to.[A]define[B]relieve[C]maintain[D]deepen39.It can be learned from Paragraph3that Generation Zs.[A]care little about their job performance[B]give top priority to professional training[C]think it hard to achieve work-lifebalance[D]have a clear idea about their future job40.Michelsen thinks that compared with millennials,Generation Zs are.[A]less realistic[B]less adventurous[C]more diligent[D]more generousPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)[A]Give compliments,just not too many.[B]Put on a good face,always.[C]Tailor your interactions.[D]Spend time with everyone.[E]Reveal,don’t hide information.[F]Slow down and listen.[G]Put yourselves in others’shoes.Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the OfficeIs it possible to like everyone in your office?Think about how tough it is to get together15 people,much less50,who all get along perfectly.But unlike in friendships,you need coworkers. You work with them every day and you depend on them just as they depend on you.Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your side.41.[E]Reveal,don’t hide information.If you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace,you may try stay tight-lipped around them.But you won’t be helping either one of you.A Harvard Business School study foundthat observers consistently rated those who were frank about themselves more highly,while those who hid lost trustworthiness.The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book,but rather,when given the option to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them,you should just be honest.42.[F]Slow down and listen.Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others.We often feel the need to tell others how we feel,whether it’s a concern about a project,a stray thought,or a compliment.Those are all valid,but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers,too.In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don’t value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine,back-and-forth conversation,rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.43.[D]Spend time with everyone.It’s common to have a“cubicle mate”or special confidant in a work setting.But in additionto those trusted coworkers,you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around e your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don’t always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job.It requires minimal effort and goes a long way.This will help to grow your internal network,in addition to being a nice break in the work day.44.[A]Give compliments,just not too many.Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear.And you don’t have to be someone’s bossto tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project.This will help engender good willin others.But don’t overdo it or be fake about it.One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive,possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.45.[C]Tailor your interactions.This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off,but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction.Watch out for how they verbalize with others.Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters,while other are more straightforward.Jokes that work one person won’t necessarily land with another.So,adapt your style accordingly to type.Consider the person that you’re dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese.Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)It’s almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure.People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere.Put simply,they're not really living at all.But,the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as“the end of the world,”or as proof of just how inadequate we are.Or,we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is.Every time we fail at something.we can choose to look for the lesson we’re meant to learn.These lessons arevery important,they’re how we grow,and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance,failure can help you discover how strong a person you are.Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends,or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.【参考译文】人的一生总要经历一些失败。
2020年考研英语一真题及答案解析
Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation’ s great traditions:the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now, the food police are determined that this 3 should be rendered yet another guilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public warning about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin-crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread.But where is the evidence to support such alarmist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof. 12 the precautionary principle, it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 , it was rumoured that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15 .Doubtless a piece of boiled beef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the Yorkshire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 , the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods18 ,but to reduce their lifetime intake. However, their 19 risks cominga cross as being pushy and overprotective.Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1.[A] In [B] Towards [C] On [D]Till2.[A] match [B] express [C] satisfy [D] influence3.[A] patience4.[A] intensified5.[A] issued [B] enjoyment[B] privileged[B] received[C] surprise[C] compelled[C] compelled[D] concern[D] guaranteed[D] guaranteed6. [A] under [B] at [C] for [D] by7. [A] forget [B] regret [C] finish [D] avoid8. [A] partially [B] regular [C] easily [D] initially9.[A] Unless [B] Since [C] If [D] While10.[A] secondary [B] external [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A] insufficient [B] bound [C] likely [D] slow12.[A] On the basis of [B] At the cost of [C] In addition to [D] In contrast to13.[A] interesting [B] advisable [C] urgent [D] fortunate14.[A] As usual [B] In particular [C] By definition [D] After all15.[A] resemblance [B] combination [C] connection [D] pattern16.[A] made [B] served [C] saved [D] used17.[A] To be fair [B] For instance [C] To be brief [D] In general18.[A] reluctantly [B] entirely [C] gradually [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A] follow up [B] pick up [C]open up [D] end upPart A Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of Labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK “town of culture” award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017, and has been awarded to Coventry for 2021. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in £220m of investment and an avalanche of arts, ought not to be confined to cities. Britain’s towns, it is true, are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bid to beat their bigger competitors. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Liverpool in 2008. A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows what will follow----village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run “year of culture” washes in and washes out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light. It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of a complex series of factors that have turned the city into the powerhouse of art, music and theatre that it remains today.s peculiarities —helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people. Jeremy Wright, the culture secretary, should welcome this positive, hope-filled proposal, and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a “town of culture” award could[A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation-among Britain’s towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain’s towns.[D] focus Britain’s limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as[A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-catching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it[A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspiration of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present[A] a contrasting case.[B]a supporting example.[D] a related topic.25.What is the author’s attitude towards the proposal?[A]Skeptical.[B]Objective.[C]Favourable.[D]Critical.Text 2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money. Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the production of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations at a time when the rest of the publishing industry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers produced in the world, made profits of more than £900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than £210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research; both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, an thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every paywalled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselvesmust be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies. In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms: either freely available from the moment of publication, or paywalled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not yet worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their product free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of prep ring an article. These range from around £500to $5,000, and apparently the work gets more expensive the more that publishers do it. A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these “article preparation costs” had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet: labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26.Scientific publishing is seen as “a licence to print money” partly because[A]its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B]its marketing strategy has been successful.[C]its payment for peer review is reduced.[D]its content acquisition costs nothing.27.According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have[A]thrived mainly on university libraries.[B]gone through an existential crisis.[C]revived the publishing industry.28.How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub?[A]Relieved.[B]Puzzled.[C]Concerned.[D]Encouraged.29.It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms[A]allow publishers some room to make money.[B]render publishing much easier for scientists.[C]reduce the cost of publication substantially.[D]free universities from financial burdens.30.Which of the following characterizes the scientific publishing model?[A]Trial subscription is offered.[B]Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D]The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure “gender parity” on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government boards are less than 40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in California, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex-based classifications unless they are designed to address an “important” policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of“equal protection”.But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a “golden skirt” phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feel good but do little to help average women.31.T he author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will[A]help little to reduce gender bias.[B]pose a threat to the state government.[C]raise women’s position in politics.[D]greatly broaden career options.32.Which of the following is true of the California measure?[A]It has irritated private business owners.[B]It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C]It may go against the Constitution.[D]It will settle the prior controversies.33.The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate[A]the harm from arbitrary board decision.[B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C]the pressure on women in global corporations.[D]the needlessness of government interventions.34.Norway’s adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to[A]the underestimation of elite women’s role.[B]the objection to female participation on boards.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35.Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A]Women’s need in employment should be considered.[B]Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.[C]Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D]Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.Text 4Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a “ GAFA tax,” meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google, Apple, Facebook and Amazon—in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks. But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the United States trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies, which in tum could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue.Instead, the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. They have included Britain’s DPT. (diverted profits tax), Australia’s MAAL (multinational anti-avoidance law), and India’s SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the Europeandigital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax, even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach a consensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France’s planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.T he French Senate has passed a bill to[A]regulate digital services platforms.[B]protect French companies’ interests.[C]impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D]curb the influence of advertising.37.It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax[A]may trigger countermeasures against France.[B]is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C]aims to ease international trade tensions.38.The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that[A]redistribution of tech giants’ revenue must be ensured.[B]the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C]tech multinationals’ monopoly should be prevented.[D]all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39.It can be learned from Paragraph 5 that the OECD’s current work[A]is being resisted by US companies.[B]needs to be readjusted immediately.[C]is faced with uncertain prospects.[D]needs to in involve more countries.40.Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A]France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B]France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C]France Says “ NO ” to Tech Multinationals[D]France Demands a Role in the Digital EconomyPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C]Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated[F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way. But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor during a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here’s what hard science reveals about eye contact:We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother’s eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In adulthood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone’s attention in a crowded room, “Eye contact and smile” can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.Neuroscientist Bonnie Auyeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer during a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high-functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specificusing advanced methods of brain scanning.With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages, depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it’s more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations.“Whether you’re a politician ora parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you’re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you,” said Minson.When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues “Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ.” A more direct finding is that people who scored highly for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence during the 14th century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17th century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church’s teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored intellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking, including the geocentric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory during a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church’s long-standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe during most of 17th century. (49) As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era - the Age of Reason.The 17th and 18th centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method, reductionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge‘sapere aude’ or ‘dare to know’,after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?. It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:The Students Union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. Write a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the picture below. In your essay, you should1)describe the picture briefly,2)interpret the implied meaning, and3)give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)Section Ⅰ Use of English1.选 C。
新东方红宝书系列考研英语词汇+词根+联想记忆法俞敏洪
新东方红宝书系列之考研英语词汇词根+联想记忆第一部分通过词缀认识单词（常用前缀一）1、a-①加在单词或词根前面，表示"不，无，非"acentric 无中心的（a+centric中心的）asocial 不好社交的（a+social好社交的）amoral 非道德性的（a+moral道德的；注意：immoral不道德的）apolitical. 不关政治的（a+political政治的）anemia 反常的（a+nomal正常的+ous）②加在单词前，表示"在…，…的"asleep 睡着的（a+sleep睡觉）aside 在边上（a+side旁边）ahead 在前地（a+head头）alive 活的（a+live活）awash .泛滥的（a+wash冲洗）2、ab-,abs-加在词根前，表示"相反，变坏，离去"等abnormal 反常的（ab+normal正常的）abuse 滥用（ab+use用→用坏→滥用）absorb 吸收（ab+sorb吸收→吸收掉）absent 缺席的（ab+sent出现→没有出现→缺席的）abduct 诱拐（ab+duct引导→引走→诱拐）abject 可怜的（ab+ject抛→抛掉→可怜的）abstract 抽象的；心不在焉的（abs+tract拉→被拉开→心不在焉）abstain 戒绝（abs+tain拿住→不再拿住→戒绝）abscond 潜逃（abs+cond藏→藏起来→潜逃）abscind 废除（abs+cind剪切→切掉→废除）abscise 切除（abs+cise剪→剪掉→切除）abstinence 节制；禁欲（abs+tin拿住+ense→不在拿住→戒除，禁欲）3、ab-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at-等加在同辅音字母的词根前，表示"一再"等加强意accelerate陪伴（ac+company伙伴→陪伴）accentuate加速（ac+celer速度→一再增加速度）accomplish强制（ac+cent唱歌→一再唱出→强调）accumulate积累（ac+cumul堆积+ate→堆积起来→积累）accustom使习惯（ac+custom习俗→习惯习俗）addict上瘾，入迷（ad+dict说→一再说起→对……入迷）additive上瘾的（addict的形容词）adduce引证，举例（ad+duce引导→一再引导→举例说明）affable亲切的（af+fable说话→不断可以说话→亲切）afford买得起（af+ford拿出→一再拿出{钱}→买得起）affirm肯定（af+firm坚定→肯定）aggression侵略，进攻（ag+gress走+ion→一再往前走→进攻）aggrandize扩大（ag+grand大→一再大→扩大[权力]等）aggravate恶化（ag+grav重+ate病加重）announce通告（an+nounce通知→通告）appal使震惊（ap+pal白色→[脸]变白→受惊）applause鼓掌（ap+pease赞扬→一再赞扬→鼓掌）appreciate欣赏（ap+reci价值+ate→一再给价→欣赏）appoint指定，任命（ap+point指→指定）arrange安排（ar+range排列→安排）arrest逮捕，阻止（ar+rest休息→不让动→逮捕）arrive到达（ar+rive河→到达河边→达到目标）assault进攻（as+saul跳→跳起来→进攻）assiduous勤奋的（as+sid坐+uo us→一再坐着[学习] →勤奋）assist帮助（as+sist站→站过来→帮助）associate联合，结合（as+soci社团+ate→结成团队→联合）assimilate吸收；同化（as+simil相同+ate→成为相同→同化）assure肯定；确信（as+sure确定→一不再确定→肯定）attach附上；依恋（at+tach接角→接触上→附上）attain达到；获得（at+tain拿住→获得）attend（at+tend关心→关心到了→出度）attract吸引（拉→拉过来→吸引）attest证实（at+test试验→一再试验→证实）4、ad-加在在单词或词根前，表示"做…，加强…"adapt适应（ad+apt能力→有适应能力）adept熟练的（ad+ept能力→有做事能力→熟练的）adopt收养；采纳（ad+opt选择→选出来→采纳）adhere坚持（ad+here粘→粘在一起→坚持）adjacent邻近的（ad+jacent躺→躺在一起→邻近的）adjoin贴近；毗连（ad+join参加→参加在一起→贴近）administrate管理；执行（ad+ministr部长+ate→做部长→管理）admire羡慕（ad+mire惊奇→惊喜；羡慕）adumbrate预示（ad+umbr影子+ate→[将来的]影子出现→预示）adjust调整（ad+just+正确→弄正确→调整）adventure冒险（ad+venture冒险）admonish告诫，警告（ad+mon警告+ish→一再警告）advent来临，来到（ad+vent来→来到）5、amphi-表示"两个，两种"amphibian两栖动物（amphi+bi生命+an→两个生命→两栖动物）amphicar水陆两用车（amphi+car车→两用车）6、an-在词根前，表示"不，无"anarchism无政府主义（an+arch统治+ism→无统治→无政府主义）anharmonic不和谐的(an+hamonic和谐的→不和谐的)anechoic无回声的（an+echo回声+ic→无回声的）anonymous匿名的（an+onym名字+ous→匿名的）7、ana-表示"错误，在旁边，分开"analogy类比；类似(ana+logy讲话→再旁边讲→讲一样的东西→类似)analogous类似的（analogy的形容词）analysis分析（ana+lysis分开→分开来→分析）8、ante-表示"前面，先"antedate提前写日期；先于，早于（ante+date日期→提前写日期）anterior前面的（ante+erior[…的] →前面的）antecedent（aute+ced走+ent→走在前面的[事] →前事）9、anti-表示"反对，相反"antiwar反战的（anti+war战争）antipathy反感（anti+pathy感情）antithesis对立；反论（anti+thesis论文；观点）antibacterial 抗菌的（anti+bacterial细菌的）antibody抗体（anti+body身体）10、人，人类-anthrop(o)anthropology[anthropo人类，-logy…学者]人类学anthropologist[anthropo人类，-logist…学者]人类学者anthropogeography[anthropo人类，gegoraphy地理学]人类地理学anthropomorphous[anthropo人，morph形，-ous…的]有人形的，似人的anthroposociology [anthropo人类，sociology社会学]人类社会学11、人民―（1）populpopulation[popul人民→居民，-ation名词字尾]全体居民，人口populous [popul人民→居民，-ous…的]人口稠密的populate [popul人民，-ate动词字尾，使…,做…]使人民居住于…中，使人口集中在…之中，移民于….Repopulate [re-再，重新，见上]使人民重新居住于…Depopulate [de-除去，去掉，popul人民→人口，-ate使…]使（某地）人口减少，减少人口Popularity[见上，-ity名词字尾，表示性质]大众性，通俗性Popularize[见上，- ize…化，使…](使)大众化，（使）普及，推广Popularizer[见上，-er者]普及者，推广者Popularization[见上，-ation表示行为]普及，推广，通俗化Populace[popul人民→平民，-ace名词字尾]平民，大众人民－（２）dem(o)democracy[demo人民，cracy统治；"人民统治"→人民做主→]民主；民主政治，民主政体；民主主义democrat[见上，crat主张…统治的人]民主主义者democratism[见上，-ism主义]民主主义democratize[见上，-ize…化]民主化；使民主化democratic[见上，-ic…的]民主的，民主主义的；民主政体的demography[demo人民→人数，人口，graphy写，记录→统计]人口统计学demographic[见上，-ic…的]人口统计的epidemic[epi-在…之间，dem人民，-ic…的；"流行于人民之中的" →]流行的，传染的；流行病，时疫epidemiology[见上，- io-连接字母，-logy…学]流行病学epidemiologist[见上，-logist…学者]流行病学者epidemiological[见上，-logical…学的]流行病学的男－（１）andr(o)androgyne[andro男人，gyn女人]具有男妇两性的人，阴阳人androgynism[andro男，gyn女，-ism表性质状态]半男半女男－（２）virvirile[vir男，ile形容词字尾，…的]男的，男性的，男子的，有男子气概的，有男性生殖力的virilism[见上，-ism表示现象]男性现象virility[见上，-ity表示性质]男子气概，男生殖力，男子的成年女－（1）gyn(o); gynec(o) gynecology[gyneco妇女，-logy…学]妇科学，妇科gynecologist[见上，-ist人]妇科医生gynecian[gynec妇女，-ian…的]妇女的，妇人的女－（2）fem; feminfemale[fem女，妇女]女性的，妇女的；女子feminine[femin女，-ine…的]女性的，妇女的femininity[femin女，-ality表示性质]女性，妇女的特性femininity[feminine(e)女性的，-ity表示性质]女子的气质，女人气，妇女总称feminism[femin女，-ism主义]男女平等主义；[-ism表示行为]争取女权运动femme妇女；妻子12、be-①构成动词，表示"使…成为"beguile欺骗（be+guile欺骗）belie掩盖（be+lie说慌）bequeath遗留给，传下（be+queath要求→要求给某人→遗留给）besiege围攻(be+siege包围→包围起来)beware注意（be+ware注意）befriend友好对待（be+friend朋友）befool欺骗（be+fool笨蛋→使人成笨蛋→欺骗别人）befall降临；发生（be+fall掉下→掉下来→发生）belittle小看(be+little小→小看人)bewilder使…迷惑（be+wilder迷惑）②构成一些介词before在前面（be+fore前面）beneath在下面（be+neath下面）13、bene- 表示"善，好"benewolent好意的（bene+vol意愿+ent→好意的）benefaction好事；恩惠（bene+fact做+ion→好事）benefit好处，利益（bene+fit做→做事后的好处→利益）benediction祝福（bene+dict说+ion→说好话）beneficent仁慈的，善行的（bene+fic做+ent→做好事的）14、bi-表示"两个，两"biweekly双周刊（bi+week星期+ly→两星期）bilingual双语种的（bi+lingu语言+al→双语的）biennial两年一次的（bi+enn年+ial→两年〔一次〕的）biannual一年两次的（bi+ann[年]+ual→一年两次的）15、by-表示"在旁边，副的"byproduct副产品（by+product产品）byroad辅路（by+road路）byway小道（by+way小路）bygone过时的（by+gone过去的）bypass旁路；忽略（by+pass通过→从旁边通过→忽略）by work副业（by+work工作）16、circum-表示"环绕，周围"circumcise环割（circum+cise切→环切）circumference周长（circum+fer带来→ence→带来一圈→周长）circumnavigate环航世界（circum+navigate航行）circumscribe限制（circum+scribe写→规定范围→限制）circumspect小心谨慎的（circum+stance站→站在周围→环境）circumvent回避（circum+vent走→绕圈走→回避）17、co-表示"共同"，通常放在元音词根前Cooperation合作(co+operation操作→共同操作→合作) Coagulate凝结(co+agul凝聚+ate→凝聚起来)Coalesce联合；合作(co+al=ally联盟+esce)Coexist共存(co+exist存在)Cohere附着；粘着(co+here粘→粘在一起)Coincide一致，符合，巧合(co+in进+cide掉下→共同掉进来→巧合) Coordinate协调：同等的(co+ordin顺序+ate→顺序一样→同等的引申为平等；协调)18、col-,cor在同辅音词根前，表示"共同"collaboration协作；合著(col+labor劳动+ation→共同劳动) collocate并置，排列(col+loc地方+ate→放在同一地方→排列)co lingual用同一种语言的(col+lingu语言+al→同语言的)collapse倒塌(col+lapse滑倒→全部滑倒→倒塌)collate校对(col+late放→放到一起→校对)collateral并列的，并行的(col+later边→al→周边的→并列的) colleague同事(col+→league捆绑→捆绑在一起的人→同事) collect收集(col+lect选择→放在一起选择→收集)collegiate学院的；学生的(col+legi读+ate→共同读书→学院的) colloquial口语的(col+loqu说+ial→两人一起说→口语会话的) collusion共谋，勾结(col+lus玩+ion→共同玩弄→共谋)correct改正，纠正(cor+rect正→全部改正→纠正)correspond通信；符合(cor+respond反应→共同反应→相互通信) corrupt腐败的；变环的(cor+rupt断→全部断→变坏的，腐败的) corrigible能够改正的(cor+rig改正+ible→全部改正的) corroborate证实(cor+robor力量+ate→用力量→证实)19、com-,con-表示"共同"combine联合，结合(com+bine捆→捆在一起→结合) compassion同情(com+passion爱国者→同胞)compatriot同胞(com+patriot动→大家一起动→动乱)commend赞扬；推荐(com+mend信任；命令→大家信任→赞扬；参考；recommend)commemorate纪念(com+memor记住+ate→大家一起记住→纪念) commensurable相等的，相称的(com+mensur测量+able→能放在一起的测量→相等的)comparison比较(com+pari平等+son→一起平等→比较)compact紧密的；合同(com+pact压紧→全部压紧→紧密的) comfort安慰(com+fort加强→[精神]强大→安慰)commodious宽敞的(com+mod动+ious→共同动→有动的地方→宽敞的)compete比赛(com+pete追求→一起追→比赛)component成分(com+pon放+ent→放到一起[的东西]→成分) compress压缩(com+press压→一起压→压缩)concentric同中心的(con+centric中心的)contemporary同时代的(con+tempor时间+ary→同时间的) conclude结束；总结(con+clude关闭→全部关闭→结束) confirm坚定；证实(con+firm坚定)condense凝结；浓缩(con+dense 浓密的)consolidate巩固，加强(con+solid坚固+ate→成为大家的财产→没收)Conflict冲突（con+flict打→一起打斗→冲突）Confluence汇流（con+flu流＋ence→共同流→汇流）Congregate集合的，聚集的（con+greg集合＋ate→集合到一起→聚集的）Console安慰（con+sole安慰→一起安慰）20.contra-表示"反对，相反"contrary相反的（contra+ary→相反的）contradict反驳；矛盾（contra+dict说→反着说→反驳）contravene违反，违背（contra+vene走→反着走→违反）contraband走私（contra+band命令→违反命令做事→走私；参考：ban禁止）21.counter-表示"反对，相反"counteract对抗；抵消（counter+act行为→反着行动→对抗）counterbalance平衡（counter+balance平衡→两边一样→达到平衡）countermand撤消（counter+mand命令→反命令→撤消〔命令〕）22.de-①表示"去掉，变坏，离开，变慢，向下"等destruction破坏（de+struct结构；建造＋ion→弄坏结构→破坏）desalt除去盐分（de+salt盐→去掉盐分）deforest砍伐森林（de+forest森林→去掉森林）devalue降低价值（de+value价值→去掉价值）depress压制，压抑（de+press压→向下压→压制）detrain下火车（de+train火车）decelerate减速（de+celer速度＋ate→使速度变慢）decode破译（de+code密码→去掉密码）defame诽谤，中伤（de+fame名声→名声变坏→诽谤）②表示"使…成为，加强"等delimit 划定界限（de+limit限定→加强限定）depict描绘（de+pict图画→成为图画→描绘）design设计；计划（de+sign做标志→设计）definition定义；清晰（de+fin界限＋ition→划出界限→定义）23.di-①表示"两个，双"dichromatic两色的（di+chrom颜色+atic→两色的）dioxide二氧化物（di+ox氧＋ide→二氧化物）dilemma进退两难（di+lemma争论→二种争论→进退两难）dichotomize分成二，对分（dicho=di+tom切割+ize→切成二分）②表示"使…变成，分开，离开"dilate膨胀，扩大（di+late放→分开放→扩大）dilute冲淡，稀释(di+lute冲洗→冲洗开→冲淡)digest消化；文摘（di+gest带→带下去→消化→经过消化后的精华→文摘）diminish减少；消失（di+mini小+ish→变小，减少）digress离题（di+gress走→走开→离题）divide分开（di+vide分开→分开）divorce离婚（di+vorce=vert转→从〔丈夫身边〕转开→离婚；参考：divert转开）父，祖－patr(i); part(o); paterpatriarch[patri父，祖arch首脑，长]家长；族长patriarchal[见上，－al…的]家长的；族长的；家长似的patriot[patri祖→祖国，-ot名词字尾，表示人]爱祖国者，爱国主义者patriotic〔见上，-otic形容词字尾，…的〕爱国的patriotism[见上，-ism主义]爱国主义；爱国心unpatriotic〔un-不，见上〕不爱国的patenal〔pater父，-n-,-al…的〕父亲的，父系的paternalism[见上，-ism表示行为，现象]家长式统治，家长作风母－matr(i); mater; metromatriarch[matri母→女性，arch首脑，长]女族长；女家长matrimony[matri母→婚姻，-mony名词字尾]婚姻，结婚matrimonial〔见上，-al…的〕婚姻的，结婚的matron〔mart母，-on表示人〕主妇，老妇matronage[见上，－age名词字尾]主妇的身份或职责maternal[matr母，-n-,-al…的]母亲的，母性的maternity[见上，－ity名词字尾]母性的，母性的metropolis[metro母，polis城市；"母城" →首城，最大的城]大城市，主要城市，大都会，首府24.dia-表示"穿过，二者之间"dialogue对话（dia+logue话→对着说话）diameter直径（dia+meter测量→对着测量〔圆〕直径）diaphanous透明的；精致的（dia+phan显示＋ous→对面显示〔影子〕→透明的）dialectic辩证法（dia+lect讲+ic→二人对讲→辩证法）diagnosis诊断（dia+gnosis知道→穿过〔皮肤〕知道→诊断）diagram图表（dia+gram→交叉对着画→图表）25.dif-和辅音重复表示"不，否定，分开"differ不同（dif+fer带来→带来不同→不同）difference不同（differ的名词）diffident自卑的（dit+fid相信＋ent→不相信〔自己〕→自卑的）diffuse散布的，散开的（dif+fusc流→分开流→散布的）difficult困难的（dif+fic做＋ult→不好做→困难的）difform不同形式的；不规则的（dif+form形状→形状不同）26.dis-①表示"不，消失掉"dislike不喜欢（dis+like喜爱→不喜爱）disorder无秩序（dis+order顺序→没有顺序）dishonest不诚实的（dis+honest诚实的）disappear消失（dis+appear出现→不出现→消失）disproof反证，反驳（dis+proof证实→不证实→反证）discourage使失去勇气（dis+courage勇气）disarm解除武装（dis+arm武装→去掉武装）dispel驱除，消除（dis+pel推→推开→驱除）dispassionate平心静气的（dis+passionate有激情的）discover发现（dis+cover盖→把盖揭开→发现）dismay沮丧（dis+may能够→不能做事→沮丧；参考：五月能种粮食，所以叫May）②表示"分开，分离"disseminate散布，传播（dis+semin种子＋ate→散布〔种子〕）dispense分配（dis+pense花费→分开花费→分配〔财富等〕）distract分心（dis+tract拉→把〔心〕拉开→分心）distend膨胀（dis+tend拉→分开拉→膨胀）discriminate辨别；歧视（dis+crimin分辨→ate→分辩开）dismiss解散；开除（dis+miss送→送出→解散）disburse支付，支出（dis+burse钱包→从钱包中分出→支出）discard丢弃，抛弃（dis+card扔→扔出去）discuss讨论（dis+cuss敲打→把〔问题〕分开敲→讨论）27.dys-表示"坏，不良"dyspepsia消化不良（dys+peps消化；胃＋ia病→消化不好）dystrophy营养不良（dys+trophy营养）28.e-,ef-表示"出，出来"elongate延长，拉长（e+long长＋ate→长出来）elaborate精工细做的（e+labor劳动＋ate→劳动出来→精做的）eject投出，掷出（e+ject掷→掷出）emerge浮现（e+merge投入；淹没→淹没的东西出现→浮现）evade逃出，逃避（e+vade走→走出去→逃避）eradicate根除，灭绝（e+radic根＋ate→把根挖出→根除）effluence流出（ef+flu流＋ence→流出）29.em-,en-①表示"进入…之中，包围"embrace拥抱（em+brace胳膊→进入怀抱）embed安置；嵌于（em+bed范围；床→进入范围→安置）empathy感情相融的（em+pathy感情→进入感情）embarrass使难堪（em+barrass套子→进入套子→难堪）embattle整军备战（em+battle战斗）enroll注册，记入名册（en+roll名单）encage关入笼中（en+cage笼子）enchain束缚（en+chain锁链）②表示"使…进入状态"empower授权（em+power权力）embitter使痛苦（em+bitter痛苦的）embody体现（em+body身体→〔精神〕进入身体→体现）embellish装饰（em+bell美好＋ish→进入美好→装饰）emboss使凸出（em+boss凸出→使凸出）emphreal天空的（em+pyre火+al→进入火、太阳→天空的）enact制定；颁布（en+act行动→进入行动→颁布〔法令〕）enchant使迷醉（en+chant咒语→被咒语所迷醉）encompass包围，围绕（en+compass包围）endanger使危险（en+danger危险）encourage鼓励（en+courage勇气→使人进入勇气→鼓励）enlighten启发，开导（en+ligh光＋en→给人光明→启发）30.epi-表示"在….上，在….周围，在….后面"epidemic流行性的（epi+dem人民＋ic→在人民周围→流行的）epigram警句，格言（epi+gram写→写在上面的话→格言）epilogue后记，结尾部分（epi+lougue说→在后面说的话→后记）episode一段经历，片段（epi+sode路→在路上→一段经历；片段）epitome梗概，缩影（epi+tome卷册→〔一卷书后的〕梗概）31.eu-表示"好，优秀"eulogize赞美（eu+log说＋ize→说好话）euphemism委婉的词语（eu+phem讲话＋ism→讲好话）euphonious声音优美的（eu+phon声音＋ious→声音好听的）eurhythmic协调的（eu+rhythm节奏＋ic）euphoria幸福愉快感（eu+phor带来＋ia→带来美好→愉快）eugenics优生学（eu+gen产出＋ics→产生优秀〔后代〕→优秀生）32.ex-①表示"出，出去"exclude排外（ex+clude关闭→关出去→排外）expel赶出，逐出（ex+pel推→推出去→逐出）expose暴露（ex+plse放→放出去→暴露）exalt使升高（ex+alt高→高出来→升高）extract抽出，拔出（ex+tract拉→拉出→拔出）excise切除(ex+cise切→切出→切除)exceed超过，超出（ex+ceed走→走出→超出）exhale呼气（ex+hale气→出气→呼气）exhume掘出，挖出（ex+hume土→出土→挖出）expurgate净化；删去（ex+purg冲洗＋ate→冲洗出来→净化）②表示"前面的，前任的"ex-wife前妻（ex前+wife妻子）ex-president前任总统（ex前+president总统）33.exo-表示"外部的，外面"exotic来自异国的（exo+tic→从外面来的）exoteric外界的，外面的（exo+teric→外面的）exocentric外向的，离心的（exo+centric中心的）exosphere外大气层（exo+sphere球；大气层）exodus大批移出（exo+odus大批量）exothermic放出热量的（exo+therm热＋ic→热外出→放热）34.extra-表示"以外的，超过的"extracurriculum课外的(extra+curriculum课程表)extraordinary格外的（extra+ordinary变通的→超出普通）extrasolar太阳系以外的（extra+solar太阳的）extraneous外来的（extra+aneous…的→从外面来的）extravagant奢侈的（extra+vag走＋ant→走得过分→奢侈的）extrovert性格外向的（extra+vert转→〔性格〕向外转→外向）extrapolate推断（extra+polate放→放到〔事实〕外→推断）extraviolet紫外线的（extra+violet紫色的）35.fore-表示"前面，预先"forestall阻止（fore+stall阻止）forebode预兆；凶兆（fore+bode兆头→预兆）forefather前人，祖先（fore+father父亲；祖先）forearm前人，祖先（fore+amr胳膊）forecast预料（fore+cast扔→预先扔下→预料）foreshadow预示，暗示（fore+shadow影子→影子预先来）36.hetero-表示“异类，异种”heterosexual异性的（hetero+sexual性别的）heterodoxy异教，异端（hetero+doxy观点→观点不同）heterogeneous异类的，不同的（hetero+gen产生＋eous→产生不同的）37.homo-表示“同类的”homogeneous同类的；同族的（homo+gen产生＋eous→产生相同的）homosexual同性恋的（homo+sexual性别的）homocentric同中心的（home+centric中心的）相同的方面治疗）homogenize使一致（home+gen产生＋iz e→产生一致→使一致）38.hyper-表示“超过，太多”hyperactive活动过度的（hyper+active活动的）hypersensitive过敏的（hyper+sensitive敏感的）hypercritical吹毛求疵的（hyper+critical批评的）hyperbole夸张法（hyper+bole抛→活抛得高→夸张）hypertension过度紧张；高血压（hyper+tension紧张）39.hypo-表示“下面，次等”hypodermic皮下的（hypo+derm皮＋ic）hypothesis假说，假设（hypo+thesis论文→还不是正式的理论→假说）hypomnesia记忆力减退（hypo+mnes记忆+ia→记忆变得不好）hypotrophy发育不良(hypo+trophy营养→营养不够→〔导致〕发育不良)40.il-,ir-①放在同辅音词根前表示“不，无”illegal非法的（il+legal合法的）illiterate 不识字的（il+literate认字的）illogical不合逻辑的（il+logical逻辑的）illimitable无限的（il+limit限制+able）irregular不规则的（ir+regular规则的）irrational不合理的（ir+rational合理的）irrelative无关的（ir+relative相关的）irresolute无决断力的（ir+resolute果断的）irreproadchable无可指责的（ir+reproachable能被指责的）irrefutable无可反驳的（ir+refutable可反驳的）irresistible不可抗拒的（ir+resistible可抗拒的）irrevocable不可取消的（ir+revocable可取消的；来自：revoke取消）②表示“使….成为，进入”illustrate说明，阐明（il+lustr光＋ate→进入光明→说明）illuminate照亮；使明白（il+lumin光+ate→进入光明→说明）illusion幻觉（il+lus玩弄+ion→被〔幻觉〕玩弄→幻觉）illusory虚幻的（来自illusion）irruption闯入，冲入（ir+rupt断＋ion→打断〔别人〕→闯入）irradiate使明亮，生辉（ir+radi发光+ate→发光→生辉）irritate激怒；刺激（ir+rit擦+ate→进入磨擦→激怒）41.im-,in-①表示“不，无，非”impossible不可能的（im+plssible可能的）immoral不道德的（im+moral道德的）impolite无礼的（im+polite礼貌的）impartial公平的（im+partial有偏见的）impassive无动于衷的（im+pass感情+ive→没感情）impeccable无瑕疵的（im+pecc斑点+ab le→无斑点的）immortal不朽的（im+mortal死的）immutable不变的（im+mutable可变的）inglorious不光彩的（in+glori光荣+ous→不光荣的）incapable无能力的（in+capable有能力的）inhuman不人道的（in+human人道的）injustice不公正（in+justice公正）incorrigible积习难改的（in+corrigible可改正的）inconstant多变的，无常的（in+constant稳定的）indifferent冷漠的（in+different不同的→同与不同的“事不关已” →冷漠的）innocuous无害的（in+noc毒害+ous→无害的）inimitable无可比拟的（in+imit模仿+able→不能模仿的）insubordinate不服从的，反抗的（in+subordnate服从的）②表示“向内，进入”imprison监禁（im+prison监狱）impel驱动（im+pel推→推进，驱动）imperil处于危险中（im+peril危险）impulse冲动（im+pulse跳动→冲动）implicit含蓄的（im+plic重叠+it→进入重叠→不直说→储蓄的）impersonate扮演，模仿（im+person人+ate→进入别人→扮演别人）inborn天生的（in+born出生的）inaugurate举行就职典礼（in+augur预兆，开始+ate→进入开始→就职；参考：augury预兆）incentive激励（in+cent唱歌+ive→把精神唱进去→激励）incorporate合并，并入（in+corpor团体+ate→成为团体）inflame使燃烧；激怒（in+flame火焰）inspired有灵感的（in+spired有呼吸的→有生命的，有灵感的）indoor户内的（in+door门→门内的）42.inter-表示“在…之间，相互”international国际的（inter+national国家的）interpersonal人与人之间的（inter+personal个人的）interpose置于，介入（inter+pose放→放在二者之间）intersect横断（inter+sect切割→在中间切→横断）intervene干涉（inter+vene走→走在二者之间→干涉）interaction相互影响（inter+action行动→相互行动→影响）interchangeable可互换的（inter+changeable可改变的）interlude（活动间的）休息（inter+lude玩→在中间玩→活动间休息）interrelate相互关连（inter+relate关连）43.intro-表示“向内，入内”introduce引入，介绍（intro+duce引→引进）introspect内省，反省（intro+pect看→向内看→内省）introvert内向（intro+vert转→向内转→内向）intromit插入，干预（intro+mit放→放进去→插入）introversible可向内翻的（intro+vers转＋able→能向内转的）44.macro-表示“宏伟，大”macroworld宏观世界（macro+world世界）macrostructure宏观结构（macro+structure结构）macroscale大规模的（macro+scale规模）macrobian长寿的（macro+bi生命＋an→大生命→长寿）macroclimate大气候（macro+climate气候）45.mal-表示“坏，恶”（亦作male）malcontent不满的（mal+content满意的）malpractice不法行为（mal+practice做事，实践→做坏事）malnutrition营养不良（mal+nutrition营养）malediction诅咒（male+dict说+ion→说坏话）malefaction坏事，恶行（male+fact做+ion→做坏事）malodor恶臭（mal+odor气味）maltreat虐待（mal+treat对待）malapropism字的误用（mala＋prop恰当+ism→[用字]不恰当；来自一喜剧中的Mrs.Malaprop,以用词错误闻名）malevolent恶意的（male+vol意志+ent→坏意志）maladroit笨拙的（mal+adroit灵巧的）46.micro-表示“微，小”microscope显微镜（micro+scope看→看小东西→显微镜）microworld微观世界（micro+world世界）microskirt超短裙（micro+skirt裙子）microwave微波（micro＋wave波）microbe微生物（micro+be=bi生命→小生命→微生物）microbiology微生物学（micro+bilolgy生物学）microfilm微缩胶卷（micro+film胶片）47.mini-表示“小”minibus小公共汽车（mini+bus公共汽车）miniskirt超短裙（mini＋skirt裙子）miniwar小规模战争（mini+war战争）miniature小画象，缩影（mini+ature表示物品→小物品→小画象）minify使…缩小（mini+fy→小化）minimal最低限度的（minim=mini+al→最小的）minimum最小量（minim+um）minion仆人（minim+on→小人〔仆人自称小人〕）deminish缩小的，减少的（de+mini小+ish→使…小→缩小）48.mis-表示“错误，坏”mistake错误（mis+take拿→拿错→错误）misspell拼写错误（mis+spell拼写）misunderstand误解（mis+understand理解）misdoing坏事（mis+doing做事）misrule对…施暴政（mis+rule统治→统治不善）misfortune不幸（mis+fortune幸运的）mistrust不信任（mis+trust相信）misanthrope愤世嫉俗者（mis+anthrope人→不喜欢人）miscreant恶棍（mis+creant做事的人→做坏事的人）mishap坏运气，不幸（mis+hap运气→运气不好）mischievous恶作剧的（mis+chiev＝chief首领＋ous→做坏事的首领）49.mono-表示“单个，一个”monarch君主，独裁者（mon+arch统治者→一个统治者）monogamy 一夫一妻制（mono+gamy婚姻）monologue独白（mono+logue说话→一个人说话→独白）monopoly垄断（mono+poly→独家卖→垄断）monotonous单调的（mono+ton声音+ous→一个声音→单调的）50.Multi-表示”很多,很多”multilingual a. 多种语言的(multi+lingual方向的) multidirectional a. 多方向的(multi+directional方向的)multiple a.多样的;多功能的(multi+pile→多的→多功能的)multiply a.乘;繁殖(multi+ply表动词→变多→乘)multiform a.多种多样的(multi+form形式)multicultural a.多种文化的(multi+cultural文化的)multimedia a.多媒体的(multi+media媒介)multitude a.多数;群众(multi+tude状态→多的状态→多数)51.neo-表示”新的”neonatal a.新生的,被生的(neo+natal出生的)neogamist a.新婚者(neo+gamist结婚者)neolithic a.新石器时代的(neo+lith石头+ic)neophilia a.喜新成癖(neo+phil爱+ia 病→爱新的病)neologism a.新词(neo+log词语+ism→新词语)neoteric a.新近的;现代的(neo+oteric表形容词→新近的)52.non-表示”不,非”nonexistent a.不存在的(non+existent存在的)nonsmoking a.不准吸烟的(non+smoking吸烟的)nonstop a.直达的(non+stop停止→不停→直达的)na.冷漠的(non+chalant关心的→不关心的)nonconformist n.不遵循传统竽活的人(non+conform一致+ist→[和传统]不一致的人)53.omni-表示”全部.到处”omnipresent a.无所不在的(omni+present出现的)omnipotent a.全能的(omni+potent的能力的)omniscient a.无所示在的(omni+scient知道的)54.out-①表示”超过.过度”outdo v.胜过,战胜(out+do做→做得超出别人)outlive v.活得比…长(out+live活→超过别人活着)outnumber v.在数量上超过(out+number数量)outsize a.过大的(out+size范围→范围超出)outwear v.穿破(out+wear穿→穿出了[洞])outwit v.以机智取胜(out+wit机智→机智超出别人)outbid v.出价多于(他人)(out+bid出价→出价超出)outlaw n.歹徒(out+law法律→超越法律之人)②表示”出去.过时”outside ad.在外面(out+side旁边→在外边)outgoing a.友善的(out+going走→走出来→心胸宽→待人友善的) outlandish a.奇异的(out+land地→ish→外地来的→奇异的) outrage n.粗暴,暴行(out+rage怒气→怒气外露→粗暴)outskirts n.郊区(out+skirts裙子;城市周边→郊区)outflow v.流出(out+flow流→流出) outbreak n.爆发(out+break断裂→事情断裂→爆发)outline n.大纲;轮廓(out+line线条→划出线条→大纲)outmoded a.过时的(out+moded时髦的→出了时髦→不时髦的)55.over-①表示”过度,过分”overstudy n.用功过度(over+study学习)overwork n.过度劳累(over+work工作)overact v.表演过火(over+act演出)overdose n.药物过量(over+dose剂量)overproduction n.生产过度(over+productoin生产)overcrowded a.挤满的(over+crowded拥挤的)②表示”在……之上”overlap n\v.重叠(over+lap交叉→[大腿]交叉→重叠)iverride v.推翻,不理会(over+ride骑→骑在上面→推翻[下面的]) overwhelm v.压倒;泛滥(over+whelm推翻→翻过来→压倒) overbridge n.天桥(over+bridge桥→上面的桥→天桥)overlook v.俯视;疏忽(over+look看→在上面看→俯视,z上申为疏忽) overcoat n.外套(over+coat衣服→在衣服上的衣服→外套) overcome v.战胜,克服(over+come来→来到上面→战胜)③表示“翻转”overturn 颠覆（over+rurn转→翻转）overthrow推翻（over+throw扔→扔翻了→推翻）overhaul彻底检修（over+haul拉→拉过去检修）56.paleo 表示:”古,旧”paleozoology n. 古动物学(paleo+zoology动物学)Paleotechnic a. 古代技术的(paleo+technic技术的)Paleontology n. 古生物学(paleo+notology存在学→古代存在学→古生物学;参考:ontology本体论)57.pan-表示“广泛的”pan-American 泛美的pandemic大范围流行的（pan+dem人民＋in→人民广泛〔染病〕→广为流行的）panorama 全景，概观（pan+orama视力→视力所及→全景）panegyric颂词；颂扬(pan+egyr聚集+ic→聚集一堂→颂扬〔国王〕) pansophic全知的（pan+soph智慧→ic→智慧广→都知道）58.para-①表示“半，类似，辅助”parastatal半官方的（para+sttal国家的）parapolitical 半政治的（para+political政治的）②表示“在旁边”paradigm范例，示范（para+digm显示→在旁边显示给〔别人〕→示范）paradox矛盾的说法（para+dox观点→观点边上有观点→矛盾）paragon典范（para+gon角→旁边顶尖人物→典范）paralogism不合逻辑的推论（para+logism逻辑→在逻辑边上→不是逻辑）③表示“降落伞”parachute降落伞（para+chute降下）paradrop空投，空降（para+drop扔下）59.pen-表示“近似，差不多”peninsula半岛（pen+insula岛→似岛一样→半岛）penultimate倒数第二的（pen+ultimate最终→靠近最终一个→倒数第二）60.per-①表示“贯穿，自始至终”perspective透视的（per+spect看＋ive→看透了→透视的）perennial全年的（per+ennial年→全年的）perspire出汗（per+spire呼吸→全身呼吸→出汗）permanent永久的（per+man拿住＋ent→永久拿住→永恒的）persist坚持（per+sist站→站到最后→坚持）persuade劝说（per+suade劝→一直劝→劝说）percussion敲打（per+cuss震＋ion→震动→敲打）perspicacious独具慧眼的（per+spic看＋a cious→全部看到→独具慧眼）pernicious有害的，有毒的（per+nic毒+ious→有毒的）perplexed困惑的（per+plex重叠+ed→全部重叠在一起→困惑了）perforate打洞（per+forate打孔→打孔穿过→打洞）permeate渗透（per+me走+ate→走过去→渗透过去）②表示“假，坏”perfidy不忠，背叛（per+fid相信＋y→假相信→不忠诚）perjury伪证，假誓（per+jur发誓＋y→假发誓；参考：jury陪审团）perfunctory草率的（per+funct作用+ory→没起好作用→草率的）perpetrate做坏事；犯罪（per+petr=patr父亲＋ate→以父亲式态度对待别人→专横，做坏事）pervert堕落，滥用（per+vert转→转向坏→堕落）61.peri-表示“周围，靠近”perigon周角，360度角（peri+gon角）perimeter周边（peri+meter测量→测量一圈→周边）periphery外围，不重要部分（peri+pher带有＋y→带到周围→外围）62.poly-表示“多”polyandry一妻多制（poly+andry男人）polyglot通晓多种语言者（poly+math数学；知识）polyfunctional多功能的（poly+functional有功能的）63.post-①表示“在后面”postwar战后的（post+war战争）postpone推迟（post+phone放→放到后面→推迟）postgraduate大学毕业后的（post+graduate毕业）postface刊后语（post+face脸；前面→后面的脸→刊后语）posterior较后的（post＋erity表名词→后面的人→子孙）②表示“邮件，邮政”postage邮资（post+age钱；状态）postoffice邮局（post+office办公室）postcard明信片（post+card卡片）postal邮政的（post+al）64.pre－表示“….前的，预先”preschool 学龄前的（pre+school学校→上学前的）prehistory 史前(pre+history历史) prefix 前缀(pre+fix固定→固定在前面→前缀)preposition 前置词,介词(pre+position位置→位置放在前面→前置词) prepay 预付(pre+pay付钱)prebuilt 预制的(pre+built建造)preamble 前言,绪言(pre+amble跑→跑在前面→前言)precaution 预防措施(pre+caution小心→预先小心→预防)precede (在时间上)先于,早于(pre+cede走→走在前面→[时间上]先于)precedent 先例(pre+ced走+ent→走在前面的东西→先例)precept 规范;格言(pre+cept拿→以前拿好的[名言]→格言)precinct 区域,范围(pre+cinct捆→预先捆好的→范围)precipice 峭壁(pre+cipice头→在前面是尽头→峭壁)precipitation 降落,仓促(pre+cipit头→ation→落在前头→降落,下降) precise 精确的,精细的(pre+cise切→预先切好的→精确的) preclude 妨碍;阻止(pre+clude关闭→提前关闭→阻止)precocious 早熟的(pre+cocious熟→提前煮熟→早熟的)predict 预言,预报(pre+dict说→预先说→预言)predisposition 倾向,癖性(pre+disposition性情→性情预定→癖性) preoccupation 全神贯注(pre+occup占有+ation→优先占有(注意力) →全神贯注)prescient 有先见之明的(pre+scient知道的→预先知道) prerogative 权利,特权(pre+rog要求+ative→预先要求→(有)特权) 65．Pro-①表示“向前，在前”progress 进步（pro+gress走→向前走）project 投射出;工程项目(pro+ject+扔+扔向前面→投射;引申为工程项目)prologue 前言,序言(pro+logue说→在前面说→前言)promote 促进;提升(pro+mote动→向前动→促进)protrude 向前突出(pro+trude突出→向前突出)propel 推进(pro+pel推→向前推)proficient 精通的;熟练的(pro+fici做+ent→做在[别人] 前面→精通) profile 侧面像;轮廓(pro+file纱线→前面的线条)profess 公开表明,坦白(pro+fess说→在前面说坦白)prodigious (数量等)巨大的(pro=pro+ig=act做→做在前面,做得多→大量的)proclivity 倾向性,癖性(pro+cliv倾斜+ity→向前倾斜)procure (费心)取得,获得(pro+cure关心→关心在前→[想要]获得) prominent 显著的,杰出的(pro+min伸+ent→向前伸出→杰出的) prosecute 检举;指控(pro+secu追随+ate→追随到[法院]前面→检举;指控)prospect 景象,前景(pro+spect看→向前看→前景)provident 顾及未来的,有远见的(pro+vid看+ent→向前看的→有远见的)provoke 激怒,刺激(pro+voke喊→在[你]前面喊→激怒[你])②表示“很多…”procrastinate 拖延(pro+crastin明天+ate→有许多明天明日复明日→拖延)procreate 生育(pro+create创造→创造很多→生儿育女)。
考研英语基础词汇
考研英语基础词汇第一部分abide 遵循（…by）；容忍The one thing she cannot abide is lying.abnormal 反常的abnormal behaviorabolish 彻底废除（法律、制度、习俗等）abolish old customabrupt 突然的，意外的an abrupt departureabsolute 纯粹的，完全的have absolute trust in sb.absorb 吸收，吸进 A sponge absorbs water.abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.absurd 荒谬的，荒唐的The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd. abuse 滥用abuse one's authority(office)aaccelerate 加速，增速accelerate one’s stepsaccess 接近（或进入）的机会have regular and immediate access to the President accommodate 使适应，使符合一致accommodate oneself to changed circumstancesaccompany 陪伴，伴随She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend. accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等）accomplish one's purposeaccord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words.account 记述，叙述give a brief account of what has happenedaccumulate 积累，积攒，积聚accumulate wisdomaccurate 准确的，精确的an accurate estimateaccuse 指控，指责They accused her publicly of stealing their books. accustom 使习惯于accustom oneself to rising (to rise) earlyacquaint 使认识，使了解activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed.acute 尖锐的，敏锐的an acute thinkeradapt （使）适应adapt oneself to new conditionsaddress 演说 a television addressadhere 黏附，附着Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another. adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbsadjoin 贴近，与...毗邻His house adjoins the lake.administrate 掌管，料理...的事务In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by the wife.adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescentsadvance 使向前移动advance a chessmanadvantage 有利条件，优点Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term.adverse 不友好的，敌对的She felt adverse to her husband's friends. advocate 拥护，提倡，主张advocate self-defenceaesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美an aesthetic theoryaffliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government affiliated company affirm 断言，申明affirm the truth of a statementaggravate 加重，加剧，恶化aggravate the declining economyaggressive 侵犯的，侵略的an aggressive weaponagitate 搅动（液体等）The machine agitated the mixture.alarm 惊恐，忧虑The bandits scattered in alarm.alert 警惕的，留神的In our reading we should always be alert for new usages. alien 外国的adjust to an alien cultureallege 断言，宣称The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt.allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给allocate funds for new projectsallied 结盟的，有关联的allied nationsallow 允给，准许，允许He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit.allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowancealter 改变，更改alter an attitudealternate 交替，轮流Night and day alternate.amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者an amateur golferamaze 使惊愕，使惊异I am amazed that he should get the post.ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的an ambiguous answerambition （对名利等的）强烈欲望，野心His political ambitions still burn. amend 修改，修订amend the spelling in sb.'s paperamuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣）The clown at the circus amused the children.anchor 锚The anchor catches (drags).announce 宣布，声称It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection. annoy 使恼怒，使生气She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude. annual 每年的，年度的the annual output of steelanonymous 匿名的，无名的an anonymous letter (phone call)answer 回答，响应Henry took ages to answer the door.anticipate 预期，预料The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall).anxious 焦虑的，发愁的(about, at) They become anxious at her delay.apart 成零碎Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.apparent 显然的，明明白白的It was apparent that they all understood. appeal 呼吁，恳求I appealed to the children to make less noise.applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.apply 涂，敷He applied two coats of paint to the table.appoint 任命，委派They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster. appraise 估量，估计appraise the infant's weightappreciate 感激I appreciated your help much.apprehend 对...担心Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty? approach 靠近，接近John is approaching manhood.appropriate 恰当的，相称的Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.approve 赞成，同意I couldn't approve his conduct.approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的The approximate time is 10 o'clock.apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes. arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的an arbitrary choicearise 起立，起身arise from one's seatarouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry.array 排列，队形The troops were formed in battle array.articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的He is articulate about everything in the field of economics.artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的artificial price controlsascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高The airplane ascended into the cloud. ascertain 查明，弄清，确定I ascertained that he was dead.ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的I am ashamed for being so stupid.ashore 向岸，向陆地He swam ashore.aside 在旁边We stood aside to let her pass.assault 攻击，袭击We made an assault on the enemy fort.assemble 集合，召集assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting. assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言He asserted his innocence.assess 估价，评价，评论assess the present state of the economyassign 分配，布置（作业）The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson. assimilate 吸收，消化He is quick to assimilate new ideas.associate （使）联系，（使）结合We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.assume 假定，假设Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather si favarable.assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证assurance 保证，把握，信心He gave me his assurance that he would help. astonish 使惊讶I was astonished at his sudden appearance.attach 系，贴，连接attach a label to a suitcaseattain 达到，获得attain one’s goalattend 出席，参加（会议等）attend a weddingattendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率Our class has perfect attendance today. attentive 注意的，专心的an attentive audienceattribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work.auxiliary 辅助的an auxiliary rocketavail 有利于，有助于Will force alone avail us?average 平均数，平均The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day. avert 挡开，防止，避免Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy. awake 醒，觉醒awake from sleepaward 授予（奖品等）The university awarded him an honorary degree.ban （以官方明令）禁止，取缔He was banned from entering the city.bang （突发的）sudden loud bangbar 条，块，杆，棒 a bar of goldbare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的walk in bare feetbeforehand 预先，事先If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand.behave 举止端正，听话Do behave.bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.bias 偏见，偏心have a bias against sb.(或sth.)blame 责备，责怪Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray. blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of windblaze 火焰The fire sprang into a blaze.blunt 钝的The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红blush with(或for) joyboast 自吹自擂，自夸的话He is full of boasts.bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and boltsboom 低沉有回响的声音The great bell tolled with a deep boom.border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailandbore 钻孔，挖（通道）bore through a wallbounce 弹起，反弹The ball doesn’t bounce well.bound 跳跃，弹回She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加boycott uncooperative manufactures brace 托架，支架He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.breed （使）繁殖Rabbits breed families rapidly.bribe 贿赂accept(或take)a bribe from sb.brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holidaybrisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pacebrittle 易碎的，一碰就破的brittle glassbrush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brushbump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.burst 爆炸，爆裂The boiler burst.calculate 计算，推算calculate the distance between New York and Chicagocall 喊，叫Please call the names of all the people who are present.cancel 取消，废除，删去cancel a tripcapture 俘虏，捕获capture butterfliescase 事例，事实，事情This is a case of poor judgment.cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a schemecasual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meetingcease 停止，终止，结束The music ceased suddenly.certify 证明，证实The accounts were certified (as) correct.challenge 向...挑战Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match.character （事物的）性质，特质The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without character.charge 要（价），收（费）The airlines charge half price for students.charm 魅力，魔力This thriving resort town has retained its village charm. chase 追逐，追求The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last. check 使突然停止，制止check one’s stepscherish 珍爱，珍视cherish one’s native landchew 嚼，咀嚼He chewed a mouthful of meat.choke 窒息，噎住be choked by smokechorus 合唱队chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的chronic indigestionclarity 澄清，阐明clarify an issuecling 粘着The frightened child clung to her mother.clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boycluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of tourists clutch 紧抓，紧握clutch at an opportunitycoherent 一致的，协调的lack coherent political goalscoin 硬币，钱币，金属货币 a silver coincoincide 相符，相一致100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit. collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作He and I collaborated in writing plays.collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow. collide 碰撞，互撞The car collided with the truck.come 来，来到Will you come to the dance tonight?commemorate 纪念，庆祝commemorate a holidaycommend 表扬，称赞commend a soldier for braverycompact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggagecompare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machine compatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的You should choose a roommate more compatible to your tastes.compile 汇编，编制compile an anthology of poemscomply 遵从，顺从，服从comply with rules(safety regulations)compose 组成，构成England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.compress 压缩He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences comprise 包含，包括The shipyard comprises three docks.compromise 妥协，折衷compromise over the hard-fought next.compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subjectconceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽He concealed his disappointment from his friends. conceive 构想出，设想conceive an ideaconcentrate 集中，专心concentrate one’s attentioncondemn 谴责We all condemn cruelty to children.condense （使）压缩，（使）凝结，使简洁condense a speech to halfconfer 商谈，商议confer with sb. Over (on, about, concerning) sth.confess 坦白，供认，承认，忏悔confess one’s crimeconfidence 信任break sb.’s confidenceconfine 限制，使局限They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area. confirm 证实，肯定confirm a rumourconflict （尤指长期的）战争，战斗The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years.conform 遵照，适应confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)confront （使）面临，（使）遭遇The war confronted him with hardships. confuse 使混乱，混淆He confused the arrangements by arriving late.connect 连接，连接The bridge connects the island with(或to) the mainland. conscious 意识到的，自觉地They were conscious that he disapproved. consent 同意，赞同，准许The people will never consent to another war. conserve 保护，保藏，保存conserve natural resourcesconsider 考虑，细想Consider carefully before doing anything.consist 组成，构成(of) The house consists of six rooms.consolidate 巩固，加强consolidate one’s positionconspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on a stage.constant 经常的，不断的 a constant noiseconstitute 组成，构成constitute a threat to sb.consult 请教，与......商量consult a doctor about one’s illnessconsume 消费,花费: consume much of one’s time in readingcontact 接触,联系,交往: be in contact with sbcontain 包括,容纳, a list containing twelve itemscontaminate弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the aircontempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sbcontest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the regioncontract合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact withcontradict反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict his theorycontrary相反的,对抗的:take the contrary viewcontrast对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrast between the two forms of governmentcontribute捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every payday contrive设计,想出:contrive a new methodcontroversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of controversyconvention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a conventionconvert转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gasconvey运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric currentconvict(经审讯)证明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smuggling coordinate调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government agenciescordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation correspondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondentcorresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprintscorrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist between buyer and sellercorrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt lifecount数,计算: count the moneycourse课程,科目:an English coursecourtesy 谦恭有礼。
2020年考研英语二真题解析
2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题及答案【完型填空答案解析】今年完形填空的难度系数很小，基本无生词，长难句也很少。
讲的是家长对孩子要有耐心，属于比较生活的话题。
下面我们一起来看一下答案及解析。
1.【答案】D tricky【解析】此处考察词义辨析+上下文语境。
文章首段首句为主题句：每位父母都想成为好的父母。
空格句开头为but，句意上出现了转折，“但是如何定义好的父母是个难题”，since后给出了原因，“因为不同的孩子对待同样的养育方式反应也是不同的”。
tricky意为“棘手的，困难的”，符合句意。
2.【答案】B for example【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。
前面说了不同的孩子对待同样的养育方式反应也是不同的，此句为例证，如果换一种养育方式，一个冷静而听话的孩子可能会比他的弟弟或妹妹反应更好些。
所以用表示举例分析的for example最合适，其他选项另外、偶尔、意外地都不合适。
3.【答案】A Fortunately【解析】此处考察副词词义辨析+上下文语境。
空格所在句指出：还有一类父母描述起来会容易一些，这类就是非常耐心的父母。
第一段告诉我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题，这里在上下文文义上是个转折，幸运地是/还好，有一类父母比较容易定义，并且各个年龄段的孩子都可以从他们的养育方式中获益。
故选Fortunately，其他选项偶尔，对应地，最终地都不合适。
4.【答案】C describe【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析+上下文语境。
第一段告诉我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题，第二段出现转折说但是有一类父母很好描述/定义，describe与define相呼应，故选C符合句意。
5.【答案】A while【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。
空格所在句指出：虽然每位父母都想成为耐心的父母，但这并不容易。
逗号前后为转折关系，四个选项中while表转折，选A符合句意。
6.【答案】B task【解析】此处考察名词词义辨析。
考研英语二(完形填空)模拟试卷31(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语二（完形填空）模拟试卷31(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Use of EnglishSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the damage can be. Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the University of Calgary performed the first longterm study on the【C1】______of hunger on general health,【C2】______children from birth to 21 years. Most studies to date have【C3】______only snapshots of childhood health,【C4】______the short-term impact of hunger【C5】______a period of time. In the new analysis, the scientists found that children who went hungry at least once in their lives were 2i-times more likely to have【C6】______overall health 10 to 15 years later, compared with those who never had to【C7】______food. “Our research shows that hunger and food insecurity are really damaging【C8】______children’s life chances,”says lead author Sharon Kirkpatrick, a visiting fellow at NCI. The study supports earlier findings that 【C9】______episodes of hunger are more likely to cause ill health than an isolated experience of starvation: children in Kirkpatrick’s analysis who experienced two or more periods of hunger were more than four times as likely to report ill health than those who never went hungry. The relationship, she says, remained strong even after the team accounted【C10】______other factors that could influence health, such as age, sex and household characteristics like income. 【C11】______one experience of hunger can have lasting effects on a child’s health, a fact that is especially troubling in light of the sobering rise in U.S. households that were【C12】______to do without food in 2008: 15% of American families reported some【C13】______in the amount or quality of food they consumed,【C14】______from 11% the previous year. 15 this study did not probe into the【C16】______mechanism by which hunger affects long-term health, Kirkpatrick【C17】______that both psychological and physiological factors may be at work. Aside from the obvious negative impact that missing key nutrients and calories can have on growth and development, she says, the psychological【C18】______of food insecurity—not being able to afford a【C19】______and high-quality source of food—can be【C20】______to youngsters as well.1．【C1】A．possibilitiesB．reasonsC．effectsD．disadvantages正确答案：C解析：从第一段主题段可知，本文主要讨论饥饿对儿童健康的危害结果。
2020年考研英语二真题答案及解析
Directions ：Read the following text.Choose the best word (s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)今年完形填空的难度系数很小，基本无生词，长难句也很少。
讲的是家长对孩子要有耐心，属于比较生活的话题。
下面我们一起来看一下答案及解析。
1.【答案】D tricky【解析】此处考察词义辨析+上下文语境。
文章首段首句为主题句：每位父母都想成为好的父母。
空格句开头为but ，句意上出现了转折，“但是如何定义好的父母是个难题”，since 后给出了原因，“因为不同的孩子对待同样的养育方式反应也是不同的”。
tricky 意为“棘手的，困难的”，符合句意。
2.【答案】B for example【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。
前面说了不同的孩子对待同样的养育方式反应也是不同的，此句为例证，如果换一种养育方式，一个冷静而听话的孩子可能会比他的弟弟或妹妹反应更好些。
所以用表示举例分析的for example 最合适，其他选项另外、偶尔、意外地都不合适。
3.【答案】A Fortunately【解析】此处考察副词词义辨析+上下文语境。
空格所在句指出：还有一类父母描述起来会容易一些，这类就是非常耐心的父母。
第一段告诉我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题，这里在上下文文义上是个转折，幸运地是/还好，有一类父母比较容易定义，并且各个年龄段的孩子都可以从他们的养育方式中获益。
故选Fortunately ，其他选项偶尔，对应地，最终地都不合适。
4.【答案】C describe【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析+上下文语境。
第一段告诉我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题，第二段出现转折说但是有一类父母很好描述/定义，describe 与define 相呼应，故选C 符合句意。