美国文学欣赏WashingtonIrving
Washington Irving 课件
In
1815,driven by his sorrow ,
Irving sailed again for
England,thus began remain
abroad for 17 years.
---- Made By Wang Tao
content
Character analyse
Theme
The significance
★ Content ★来自The story is set in 1790 ,happened in a valley called Sleepy Hollow. The valley known as Sleepy Hollow hides from the world in the high hills of New York State. A legend believed dy many people here is about a man who rides a horse at night. The man in this story died many years ago during the American revolutionary war. His head was shot off. Every night he rises from his burial place, jumps on his horse and rides through the valley looking for his missing head. The novel tells the story of Ichabod Crane, a sycophantic, lean, lanky, and extremely superstitious schoolmaster, who competes with Abraham "Brom Bones" Van Brunt, the town rowdy, for the hand of 18-year-old Katrina Van Tassel, the daughter and sole child of a wealthy farmer, Baltus Van Tassel.
washington_irving(美国文学,常耀信,华盛顿欧文)
The Father of American Literature
范莉
济宁学院外国语系
Landscape design
Traveling
Bachelor
Washington Irving
(1783-1859)
Writing
lawyer Diplomacy
P47
Irving is the first belletrist in American
literature, writing for pleasure at a time when writing was practical and for useful purposes. He is the first American literary humorist. He has written the first modern short stories. He is the first to write history and biography as entertainment. He introduced the nonfiction prose as a literary genre. His use of the gothic looks forward to Poe.
Rip Van Winkle is a short story by Washington Irving published in 1819, as well as the name of the story's fictional protagonist. It was part of a collection of stories entitled The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon. The story has become a part of cultural mythology: even for those who have never read the original story, "Rip Van Winkle" means either a person who sleeps for a long period of time, or one who is inexplicably (perhaps even blissfully) unaware of current events.
英美文学-欧文Washington Irving
Unit 1 Washington Irving作家介绍：华盛顿·欧文(Washington Irving，1783 年4 月3 日–1859年11月28日)，出生于纽约一个富商家庭。
幼年体弱多病，16岁辍学，先后在几个律师事务所学法律，但对法律并没有兴趣，喜爱文学、旅游。
1806年在弗吉尼亚州任律师，并与律师霍夫曼的女儿玛蒂尔达订婚。
妻子早逝于1809年，后来虽有过几次恋爱，却一直过着独身生活。
欧文的第一部重要作品是《纽约外史》。
1820年，他的《见闻札记》出版，引起欧洲和美国文学界的重视，也奠定了他在美国文学史上的地位。
该作品包含了他最为脍炙人口的名篇《瑞普·凡·温克尔》和《睡谷的传说》。
晚年他在曾描写过的睡谷附近度过。
因其对美国文学的巨大贡献，欧文被尊称为“美国文学之父”。
内容摘要：瑞普·凡·温克尔是一个心底善良、和蔼可亲的人。
他乐于帮助别人，但在自己家里却十分懒惰。
有一天，为了躲避唠叨凶悍的妻子，他独自到附近的赫德森河畔兹吉尔山上去打猎。
途中，他巧遇了当年发现这条河的赫德森船长及其伙伴，在喝了他们的仙酒后，睡了一觉。
醒后下山回家，才发现时间已过了整整二十年，人世沧桑，一切都十分陌生。
原本闭塞的山村现在一片沸腾，到处是演说、传单、竞选。
恍惚中，瑞普发现酒店招牌上英王乔治的画像变了。
红色的上衣变成了蓝黄色，手中的王笏变成宝剑，头冠三角帽，下面是”华盛顿将军”的字眼。
经过一番曲折后，瑞普终于知道，他现在已由英王的臣民变成”合众国的一个自由的公民”。
但对所有这些变化，瑞普无动于衷，因为他最担心的是家“女人的专政”。
作品导读：《瑞普·凡·温克尔》出自欧文的《见闻札记》。
该作品是作家最知名的代表作，包括小说、散文、杂感等32篇，以幽默风趣的笔调和富于幻想的浪漫色彩，描写了英国和美国古老的风俗习惯以及善良淳朴的旧式人物。
作家喜欢田园生活和古代遗风，爱写随笔和短篇小说，尤为关注奇闻轶事和穷乡僻壤的风俗习惯。
美国浪漫主义时期诗歌欣赏
美国浪漫主义时期诗歌欣赏第一篇：美国浪漫主义时期诗歌欣赏Choose one romantic poet and make your comment on one of his/her poem.Song of MyselfWalt WhitmanWhitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon, often called the father of free verse.He spoke highly of individualism and self-affirmation.“Song of Myself” is one of the most popular of all Walt Whitman’s poems and is included in Whitman’s spectacular poetry collection Leaves of Grass.Throughout his poetry, Whitman praised the individual.He imagined a democratic nation as a unified whole composed of unique but equal individuals.“Song of Myself” opens in a triumphant paean to the individual: “I celebrate myself, and sing myself”.But strictly speaking, in “Song of Myself”, Whitman is not writing about himself.Many of the experiences recorded in the poem are purely imaginary.His aim is to embrace the whole human experience by means of imaginative sympathy, which Whitman possessed to an extraordinary degree, and enables him to identify himself with all sorts and conditions of men.He fraternizes with all;their interests are his.All men and women, moreover, are potentially equal in the sight of Whitman.“Song of Myself” is perhaps the most thorou ghly democratic poem in American literature.His style is simple and natural, without such nonterminating as conventional rime or meter, hence it must have an organic growth like a perfect animal or tree, in which each part is propositional and harmonious with the whole.To sum it up, by reading this long poem I have a overall understanding about Song of Myself.In this poem, he taught us how to treatpeople equally, how to respect nature and ourselves, and that we should always be optimistic about life, both current and future, no matter what the outside world is, just believe in ourselves.专业：英语专业学号：B12123104姓名：王利莹第二篇：美国浪漫主义时期文学家及其作品美国浪漫主义时期文学家及其作品华盛顿·欧文（Washington Irving，1783年-1859年），19世纪美国最著名的作家，号称美国文学之父。
华盛顿欧文WashingtonIrving解析
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" is a
short story by Washington Irving
contained in his collection The Sketch
Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent.,
written while he was living in Birmingham,
(1783—1856)
--made by xxx
• The STRUCTURE of The PPT
• 1·His life • 2·His career and works • 3·His style • 4·His Contribution to American literature
Washington Irving was born on April 3,1783 into a wealthy New York merchant family,the youngest son of the family with 11 children.
Plot Summary of “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”
• The story is set in 1790 in the Dutch settlement of Tarry Town，New York，in a secluded（与世隔绝的） glen（峡 谷） called Sleepy Hollow. It tells the story of Ichabod Crane, a lean, lanky（过分瘦长的）, and extremely superstitious schoolmaster from Connecticut（康涅狄格州 Bones" Van Brunt, the rowdy town, for the hand of 18-year-old Katrina Van Tassel, the daughter and sole child of a wealthy farmer.
Rip-van-winkle分析
华盛顿·欧文是美国早期浪漫主义文学的代表，被誉为“美国文学之父”，是第一个为美国文学赢得欧洲乃至世界声誉的作家。
在作品中，欧文常常把美国的现实状况与欧洲的历史传说融合在一起，展现了一幅幅生动的画面。
《瑞普·凡·温克尔》是《见闻札记》中很有特色的一篇。
该小说以哈得逊河流域的一个小村子背景，讲述了一个神奇的故事：主人公瑞普·凡·温克尔脾气温和，天性懒惰，不事生产，“什么赚钱的活儿他都不喜欢，甚至是憎恨。
”经常遭到妻子的责备数落。
为逃避妻子的唠叨，他经常带着猎枪和狗到山中去打猎。
一天，瑞普在山中遇到一群古怪的老人在玩九木桩（some odd-looking personage playing at ninepins）游戏。
贪杯的瑞普·凡·温克尔偷饮了古怪老人的仙酒后酣然入睡(fell into a deep sleep)。
等他一觉醒来回到村子时，却惊奇的发现村里发生了天翻地覆的变化。
村子比以前大了；老朋友死于一场战争或者去了别的地方；妻子已经过世。
孩子们都已长大成人；睡觉前他还是乔治王的臣民，现在竟成了美利坚合众国的公民——原来他一睡就是20年。
在我看来，瑞普·凡·温克尔是个矛盾的人物形象。
一方面他虽然担负着养家糊口的责任，却一切有好处的劳动都深恶痛绝。
因此，瑞普家的田地是最糟糕的，杂草丛生，篱笆倒塌，牲畜乱跑，家人仅靠一小块玉米和马铃薯地勉强生活。
即便这样，懒惰的瑞普也不为所动，依旧无所事事、不事耕耘。
另一方面，瑞普这个对自家的农活儿不理不睬的大懒汉，却一反常态地对帮助邻居表现出极大的积极性。
比如。
无论参加村里剥玉米垒石墙的劳动。
还是给农妇们跑腿打杂，瑞普都有求必应．任劳任怨，乐而不疲。
通过明显的对比体现出了瑞普·凡·温克尔是个惧怕承担家庭责任的胆小鬼，永远长不大的小孩子。
其次，该作品采取对不同人物的描写以及采取不同视角的对人物的刻画，为读者描绘出一幅美国革命前的乡村美景。
英美文学Washington Irving
LIFE EXPERIENCE
He was the US ambassador to Spain until 1846. On the 28th of November, 1859, Irving suffered a heart attack and died at the age of 76.
LIFE EXPERIENCE
When he grew older, he longed to travel. Tales of voyages became his passion.
LIFE EXPERIENCE
In 1798,, there was a outbreak of yellow fever(黄热病), so Irving went to stay with a friend in Terrytown. Nearby, he discovered the small town, Sleepy Hollow.
LIFE EXPERIENCE
Washington, the youngest of eleven children, being sickly in childhood, was not sent to school. His English-born mother had him educated at home. Three of his siblings died.
In 1809
Hedaughter, Matilda Hoffman. After she died , he continued writing.
…
He rarely signed his own name to his works, he enjoyed creating personas and narrators that readers could relate to.
美国文学欣赏WashingtonIrving
(3) The plot
❖ One autumn day he escapes his nagging wife by wandering up the mountains.
❖ There he encounters strangely dressed men, rumored to be the ghosts of Henry Hudson's crew, who are playing nine-pins.
❖ The stories (including “Rip Van Winkle” and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”) appeared serially in 1819– 20.
❖ Their enthusiastic reception made Irving the best-known figure in American literature both at home and abroad.
❖ The first American author to win international recognition
❖ The first prose stylist of American romanticism
❖ In his Sketch Book appeared the first modern American short stories.
❖ part of a collection entitled The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon
❖ The story is set in the years before and after the American Revolutionary War.
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❖ Irving's mother was born in England ❖ studied law ❖ amused himself by writing for periodicals ❖ From 1804 to 1806 his older brothers financed
his tour of France and Italy.
Mark Twain also is called ❖ the Father of American
Literature ❖ the true Father of American
Literature
II. life and literary career
❖ Born: 3 April 1783 ❖ Birthplace: New York, New York ❖ Died: 28 November 1859 ❖ named for George Washington; his parents
❖ Under the pseudonym Diedrich Knickerbocker, he published A History of New York (1809), a satire that has been called the first great book of comic literature written by an American.
❖ The stories (including “Rip Van Winkle” and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”) appeared seriaiastic reception made Irving the best-known figure in American literature both at home and abroad.
entertainment
❖ 9. His use of the gothic looks forward to Poe.
❖ 10. the messenger sent from the new world to the old world
❖ 11. “the American Goldsmith”
were admirers of General Washington.
❖ Irving was born in 1783, the year in which Benjamin Franklin signed at Paris the treaty of peace with England after the Revolutionary War.
of George Washington ❖ a biography of Christopher
Columbus is still considered a classic.
Irving’s grave
III. Major Works
❖ (1809: A History of New York《纽约外 史》
❖ In search of colorful material, he made a journey to the frontier and wrote about the American West in A Tour of the Prairies (《大
草原游记》,1835).
Late life: ❖ a colossal 5-volume biography
I. Position in American literature
Father of American literature ❖ 1. the first American (true) literary writer ❖ 2. the first American man of letters ❖ 3. America’s first genuine internationally best-
❖ In 1820, Irving published The Sketch Book under the pseudonym Geoffrey Crayon.
❖ The hit book made Irving the first American author to gain real fame in Europe.
❖ 5. the first American writer to earn his living solely by his pen
❖ 6. the first American literary humorist ❖ 7. the first modern short story writer ❖ 8. the first to write history and biography as
Washington Irving (1783-1859)
“Rip Van Winkle” （《瑞普·凡·温克尔》)
Washington Irving(1783-1859)
❖ I. Position in American literature ❖ II. Life ❖ III. Works ❖ IV. Literary Achievements ❖ V. Style ❖ VI. Contributions
selling author
❖ 4. the first belletrist in American literature, writing for pleasure at a time when writing was practical and for useful purposes
------------------------------------------------------------------------belletrist n. 纯文学作者