科学论文英文写作..
英语科学与自然作文
英语科学与自然作文Science and Nature。
Science and nature are two interconnected and fascinating subjects that have captured the imaginations of people for centuries. Science is the study of the natural world and the laws that govern it, while nature encompasses everything from the smallest microorganisms to the vast expanses of the universe. The study of science and nature is essential to our understanding of the world around us and has led to many technological advancements that have improved our lives.One of the most significant areas of scientific study is biology, which is the study of living organisms. Through the study of biology, we have learned about the complex systems that make up living organisms, from the smallest cells to the largest animals. We have also learned about the interconnectedness of all living things and thedelicate balance that exists in nature.Another important area of scientific study is physics, which is the study of matter and energy. Through the studyof physics, we have learned about the fundamental laws that govern the universe, such as the laws of motion and thelaws of thermodynamics. We have also learned about the nature of light and other forms of radiation, which has led to many technological advancements, such as the development of lasers and other forms of medical technology.Chemistry is another important area of scientific study, which is the study of the properties and behavior of matter. Through the study of chemistry, we have learned about the structure of atoms and molecules and how they interact with each other. We have also learned about the chemicalreactions that occur in nature and how they can be harnessed to create new materials and technologies.The study of science and nature is not just importantfor our understanding of the world around us, but it isalso essential for our survival as a species. As wecontinue to face challenges such as climate change,pollution, and overpopulation, it is essential that we use our knowledge of science and nature to find solutions to these problems. We must also continue to explore the mysteries of the universe and push the boundaries of what we know to unlock new technologies and advancements that can improve our lives.In conclusion, the study of science and nature is essential for our understanding of the world around us and has led to many technological advancements that have improved our lives. We must continue to explore these subjects and use our knowledge to find solutions to the challenges we face as a species. With continued study and exploration, we can unlock the mysteries of the universe and create a better future for ourselves and future generations.。
英语科技论文写作(一)
作业
• 结合你导师给定的课题查文献，列出相关 的文献：中、英文综述文章，中、英文博 士硕士论文、权威书籍、重要杂志文献。 • 查相关的专利、国内外目前开展的项目。
如何写科技学术论文
如何写英语科技学术论文
四川大学制造学院苏真伟教授
Brief CV of Zhenwei Su
• 2004-2009: Sichuan University, professor • 1997-2004: UK Universities visiting scholar,post-doc, research fellow • 1982-1997: Sichuan University, PhD, lecturer, associate professor • 1978-1982: Xian Jiaotong University, Mechanical Engineering Department • 1970-1978: Farmer or worker in Sichuan
如何了解我所在领域最具影响力 的研究人员?
如何选择合适的期刊发表论文？
当我们完成了某项研究之后，通常需要选 择一个合适的途径发表自己的研究成果， 那么怎样找到最合适自己研究领域的期刊 发表发表论文呢？您可以利用Web of Science数据库的检索结果分析功能 (Analyze)来解决这一问题。
眼睛犀利， 才能飞得高！
为什么要阅读文献
我们很多的时候，闷在实验室闭门 造车，实在不如稍抽出一点时间看看 文献。 我的大老板说，要想有成绩，别无 他法，只有读，读，大量的读文献， 尤其国外的。
主要的信息源
• 学术期刊（中文、英文） • 博士、硕士论文（中文、英文） • 学术网站（中文、英文） • 专利网站（中文、英文） • 书籍（中文、英文） 对低级研究人员：中文第一 对高级研究人员：英文第一
How_to_Write_a_Scientific_Paper中英文版
What is a scientific paper? 什么是科技论文？
at the end, mostly outline. The continuous effort to understand, analyze, summarize, and reformulate hypotheses on paper will be immensely more efficient for you than a process in which you collect data and only start to organize them when their collection is “complete.” 工作结束时，应充分的总 结。最有效率的做法是及 时的理解， 分析， 总结， 形成假说； 而不是等到完 成时才开始收集和整理数 据。
What is a scientific paper? 什么是科技论文？
A paper is not just an archival device for storing a completed research program, it is also a structure for planning your research in progress. If you clearly understand the purpose and form of a paper, it can be immensely useful to you in organizing and conducting your research. 一篇论文并不仅仅是收集 已经得到的研究结果，它 也有助于形成进一步的研 究工作的框架。如果明确 了论文的目的，这对于计 划开展你的研究工作有很 大益处。
英文科技论文的写作
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四、如何评价科研论文
评论研究问题： (1)看提出的问题是否有研究价值，研究内容有无指导意义，研究 结果能否应用到实践中。 (2)论文立意是否有创新，是否有重复别人的工作，即使是同一个 主题也要不断增加新内容、新方法。 (3)看研究问题的发生率是否高，问题是否带有普遍性。 (4)论文标题是否具体、鲜明、确切和具有吸引力。
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3、科学性和准确性 、
所谓科学性，就是要正确地说明研究对象所具有的特殊矛盾， 并且要尊重事实，尊重科学。具体说来，包括论点正确，论据 必要而充分，论证严密，推理符合逻辑，数据可靠，处理合理， 计算精确，实验重复，结论客观，等等。 所谓准确性，是指对客观事物即研究对象的运动规律和性质表 述的接近程度，包括概念、定义、判断、分析和结论要准确， 对自己研究成果的估计要确切、恰当，对他人研究成果(尤其是 在做比较时)的评价要实事求是，切忌片面性和说过头话。
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三、标题的写法
学术文章的标题主要有三种结构： 名词性词组(包括动名词)，介词词组，名词词组+介词词组。 也用一个疑问句作标题(多用在人文社会科学领域)。 一般不用陈述句或动词词组作标题。
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1、名词性词组 、
名词性词组由名词及其修饰语构成。 名词的修饰语可以是形容词、介词短语，有时也可以是另一个 名词。 名词修饰名词时，往往可以缩短标题的长度。 以下各标题分别由两个名词词组构成。例如： Latent demand and the browsing shopper (名词词组+名词词组) Cost and productivity (名词+名词)
1、创新性或独创性 、
某一篇论文，其创新程度可能大些，也可能很小，但总要有一 些独到之处。“首次提出”，“首次发现”，当然是具有重大 价值的研究成果，这毕竟为数不很多； 在某一个问题上有新意，对某一点有发展，应属于创新的范围。 在实际研究中，有很多课题是在引进、消化、移植国内外已有 的先进科学技术，以及应用已有的理论来解决本地区、本行业、 本系统的实际问题，只要对丰富理论、促进生产发展、推动技 术进步有效果，有作用，报道这类成果的论文也应视为有一定 程度的创新。
科学与技术英文作文
科学与技术英文作文英文：Science and technology play an important role in our daily lives. They have brought us convenience and improved our quality of life. Science is the study of the natural world through observation and experiment, while technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.Science has helped us understand the world around us. For example, the discovery of antibiotics has saved countless lives by fighting off infections. The study of genetics has allowed us to understand the causes of diseases and develop treatments for them. In addition, science has helped us understand the environment and the impact of human activities on it.Technology has also greatly impacted our lives. It has made communication faster and easier, allowing us toconnect with people all over the world. We can now access vast amounts of information through the internet, and we can use technology to improve our health and fitness. For example, wearable fitness trackers can help us track our exercise and monitor our heart rate.However, science and technology also have their downsides. The overuse of technology can lead to addiction and social isolation. The development of weapons and other harmful technologies can lead to war and destruction. We must use science and technology responsibly and ethically to avoid these negative consequences.中文：科学与技术在我们日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。
英文科技论文写作技巧大全
英文科技论文写作技巧大全英文科技论文的基本格式•Title•Author(s)•Affiliation(s) and address(es) •Abstract•Keywords•Introduction •Experimental •Results and discussion •Conclusion (Summary;Concluding remarks) •Appendix (Abbreviation)•Acknowledgement •References2.基本要求（1）Title长短适中，概括性强，重点突出，一目了然。
（2）Author(s)姓氏和名字要容易弄清楚，以免发生以名代姓。
（3）Affiliation(s) and address(es)准确清楚，使读者能按所列信息顺利地与作者联系。
（4）Abstract不宜太详尽，也不宜太简短，应将论文的研究体系、主要方法、重要发现、主要结论等，简明扼要地加以概括。
不要将结论与提要重复使用。
（5）Introduction说明本研究的目的意义。
归纳与本研究密切相关的前人研究结果及有关文献，指出本研究与前人研究的不同之处。
说明本论文要解决的问题及方法、手段等。
不宜将本论文的结果在“绪论”中叙述。
（6）Experimental叙述主要的实验过程、方法、仪器设备、试剂来源及规格等。
不宜将实验结果在“实验部分”中叙述。
（7）Results and discussion是论文的核心部分，要求：–数据及图表的内容及含义交代清楚，有条理；–对数据及现象的归纳、演绎、解释、立论要有逻辑性、自洽性。
–语句要准确、流畅、多样化，不宜重复使用相同的句型和词汇。
（8）Conclusion (Summary, Concluding remarks)简明扼要地归纳出本论文的新发现、新观点、新理论等。
不宜将“结果及讨论”部分的语句直接抄录作为结论。
（9）References要按所投杂志规定的格式准确书写。
科学家关于科学的英语作文
科学家关于科学的英语作文标题，Scientist's Perspective on Science。
Science, the pursuit of knowledge through observation, experimentation, and reasoning, has been the cornerstone of human progress for centuries. Scientists, the torchbearers of this noble endeavor, play a pivotal role in unraveling the mysteries of the universe and improving the quality of human life. In this essay, we delve into the perspectives of scientists regarding science, its significance, challenges, and future prospects.To scientists, science is not merely a profession but a passion, a relentless quest for truth and understanding. It is a systematic approach to deciphering the complexities of nature, from the microscopic world of atoms to the vast expanse of the cosmos. Through meticulous observation and rigorous experimentation, scientists strive to uncover the underlying principles governing the universe, pushing the boundaries of human knowledge ever further.One of the fundamental principles guiding scientific inquiry is skepticism—the questioning of establishedbeliefs and the constant search for evidence-based explanations. Scientists embrace uncertainty, recognizing that our understanding of the world is always provisional and subject to revision in the face of new evidence. This commitment to intellectual honesty distinguishes science from dogma and superstition, fostering a culture of open inquiry and critical thinking.Moreover, scientists acknowledge the collaborative nature of scientific progress, built upon the contributions of countless individuals across generations and disciplines. Collaboration fosters creativity and innovation, as diverse perspectives and expertise converge to tackle complex problems. Through international collaboration andinformation sharing, scientists transcend geographical and cultural boundaries, advancing collective knowledge for the betterment of humanity.However, the pursuit of science is not without itschallenges. Funding constraints, bureaucratic hurdles, and societal skepticism pose formidable obstacles to scientific research. In an era of competing priorities and limited resources, scientists must advocate for robust investment in research and education, emphasizing the long-term benefits of scientific discovery for society as a whole.Furthermore, scientists grapple with ethical dilemmas arising from the misuse of scientific knowledge and technology. The rapid pace of technological advancement raises concerns about the unintended consequences of scientific innovation, from environmental degradation to the erosion of privacy and autonomy. Scientists bear a moral responsibility to consider the broader implications of their research and engage in dialogue with policymakers and the public to ensure that scientific progress is guided by ethical principles and social values.Looking ahead, scientists are optimistic about the future of science, buoyed by recent advances in fields such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and renewable energy. These breakthroughs hold the promise of addressingsome of humanity's most pressing challenges, from climate change and disease to poverty and inequality. However, realizing this potential will require sustained investment in research, education, and infrastructure, as well as a commitment to fostering a diverse and inclusive scientific community.In conclusion, science occupies a central place in the collective human endeavor to understand the world and improve the human condition. Scientists approach their work with humility, curiosity, and a sense of duty to advance knowledge and benefit society. Despite the challenges they face, scientists remain steadfast in their commitment to the pursuit of truth and the betterment of humanity through science.With these perspectives in mind, it is evident that science will continue to shape the course of human history, unlocking new frontiers of knowledge and innovation for generations to come. As we confront the complex challenges of the 21st century, the wisdom and dedication ofscientists will be more indispensable than ever in guiding us toward a brighter future.。
论文英文写作
论著（original articles）
综述（review）
会议摘要（meeting abstract） 评述类论文（comments） 读者来信（letters） 假说和观点类论文（hypothesis） 病例报道（case report）
SCI论文写作原则
试比较一下题名： a) Study of the solubility of polymers (聚合物的溶解性研 究) b) Study on the thermodynamic problem of polychlorotrifluoroethylene dissolution (聚氯三氟乙烯 的溶解热力学问题)
③ 陈述句式题名
由完整的句子组成，往往具有判断式的语意，即：使用一般 现在时在题名中提出结论，正文中却探讨性地论证。
④ 疑问句式题名
多用于评论性论文，使用探讨性的疑问句型显得比较生动， 激发读者兴趣。
例：
Dynamic capabilities: what are they? (动态能力：它们是 什么？)
SCI论文写作技巧
• 用词
熟悉、具体、简单、短句式
• 时态
过去时 现在时或现在完成时
• 词性
代词： is, this, these, those, that, which 冠词：a, an, the 动词：词性变化-ing, ed, en, d, t
• 标点
句号. 逗号, 括号(插入/附加) 所有格’ 连字符省略号…… 冒号：引号
Isolation of antigens from monkeys using complementfixation techniques (猴子使用补体固定技术分离的抗原) • 介词问题 ① “of”,“ for” 和 “in” 的使用 of——所有关系， for——目的、用途 例如： A design method of sliding mode robust controller with feed forward compensator is presented (提出了一种具有前馈补 偿的滑模鲁棒控制器设计方法)
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多用名词群
如: data transmission systems; high precision instrument;
句式结构(Sentence Structure)
陈述句多 科学论文中,在描述实验、说明现象、明确 定义、表达定理、定律和原理时，多用陈 述句，很少使用疑问句，几乎不用感叹句 如：Gathering facts, confirming them,
常用被动语态
英文科技论文中的被动语态较多，这是因为：第 一，被动语态结构比主动语态结构更少主观色彩， 描述客观事实，进行逻辑推理，正需要这种特征； 第二，被动语态更能突出要论证、说明的对象， 把它放在句子的主语位置上，就更能引人注目； 第三，在很多情况下，被动结构比主动结构更简 短。在论文写作中，最好是主被动句式交替使用， 兼而有之，以使句型多样化。如： It is argued…; The importance of the concept is emphasized; A set of necessary and sufficient conditions is examined.
多用复合词
如：self-design, cross-sectional, dust-free, water-proof, input-orientation, piece-wiselinear 利用缩略词 如：e.g., i.e., vs.（与…相对), ibid.(出处相同）， etc., cit.(在上述引文中), et al.(等人), viz.(即,就是), DEA (data envelopment analysis), OLS( least-squares)
词汇的专业性强
如：work, field ,power, normal dis： 技术规范词 absorb discover observe transmit 日常用词 take in find out look at pass on
选用词义明确、概念鲜明的行为动词
“It be +形容词（分词）+that …”句型 为了叙述方便，避免句子滞重，英文科技 论文写作中常用 it 作形式主语。如：
It is concluded that the behavior of a fluid flowing through a pipe is affected by a number of factors, including the viscosity of the fluid and the speed at which it is pumped. It has been shown though the experiment that the charges of the nucleus and electrons are equal so that the atom is electrically neutral.
As 引出的简略句
英文科技论文中常用As引出的多种主动、被动简 略形式，如：as the illustration shows; as has been stated above; as in figure 2; as follows 等待。
多用三种基本时态
由于科学论文描述的主要对象是客观存在的事实、 现象或真理，其英语句中谓动词的时态主要采用 一般现在时。在有表示过去的时间状语，或叙述 过去发生过的事实这样的情况下，才使用一般过 去时。若强调过去发生的事实对现在仍有影响， 则用现在完成时。
第一部分 科学论文的语言特点
语体（Linguistic Style)
科学论文通常包括摘要、前言、观测（或 实验）、结果与分析、结论、讨论等部分 科技文体：语言表达方式具有抽象性、概 念性和高度的逻辑性 科技文体特性：语义上的准确性、非形象 性、没有明显的感情色彩和叙述的客观性
词汇（Vocabulary)
反义词应用广泛
如: positive----negative; linear---- nonlinear; regular----irregular; connect----disconnect; divisible----indivisible; organic----inorganic; effective----ineffective; parametric---nonparametric;
祈使句多 科学研究论文的一个重要标准，就是所述 理论的可解释性，所做实验具有可重复性, 不论谁照此去做都可以做成。因此,没有必 要指明主语。一般来说，祈使句多用于命 题、解题、顺序论证、实验指导、操作说 明、工艺介绍、文献注释等部分。如：
Now let K equal to zero, then we obtain the following equation. Fill in the tube with cold water, and heat the tube to 100℃.
如：indicate, show, illustrate, demonstrate, review, report, outline, describe, explain,
verify, prove, confirm, define, determine, enumerate, compare, contrast, investigate, develop, conclude 等等。
suggesting theories, testing them, and organizing findings – this is all the work of science. Generally speaking, neither gold nor stone are soluble in water.
复合句多 科学技术是研究外界事物的发展变化规律 极其应用的学问。为了十分准确地反映事 物内在联系，就需要严密的逻辑思维，而 这种思维内容反映在语言的形式上，就必 然是并列关系和多种主从关系的长句。如:
An electric current which reverses its direction at regular intervals, and which is constantly changing in magnitude is called an alternating current, which is usually abbreviated to a.c. …