American stereotypes of China
英语口语教学大纲
《英语口语》教学大纲课程编号：1002003课程名称：英语口语大纲执笔人：汤姆大纲审核人：陶伟一、课程简介本课程是英语专业重要的专业必修课、考试课。
本系列教材全套共四册，讲授对象为英语专业一、二年级学生及水平相当的学习者。
二、教学目的及要求这门课程主要培养学生进行语言交际的能力，使学生能顺利地用英语进行交流。
课堂教学以实践活动为主，同时培养对话能力要求将功能与语法结合起来。
重点不放在学习语法上，而更多的是重视语言交际过程，以说话流利为口语训练的首要目标。
三、教学重点和难点一年级学生主要掌握口语中的一些基本功能和一些基本意念的表达方法，逐步培养日常生活口语的表达能力；二年级学生应能对社会、政治、经济、文化等个方面的现象和问题进行思考，用基本准确和较为流畅的语言表达自己的看法并能参与讨论和论辩。
四、教学方法课堂讲授、分组讨论，角色扮演和练习五、学时、学分英语听力课程开设两年，四个学期。
每学期课时为34学时，2学分，总学时为132学时，共计8学分。
六、教学时数分配表第一学年七、教学内容第一学年Unit One First Day in College 基本教学目的和要求：要求掌握与主题“Meeting people”相关的词汇和表达式重点及难点：Introduction; Greeting; Address system3.主要教学内容：1）Listening activities：Listen to three conversations and match each dialog with the right picture2）Group work: Ask each other some Get-Acquainted Questions3）Discussion: What courtesy titles do people in China usually use nowadays When do you use themUnit Two Hometown基本教学目的和要求：要求掌握与主题“Hometown”相关的词汇和表达式及相关的风景点知识介绍重点及难点：Describing places; Describing weather主要教学内容：1）Discussion: some places in China are notorious for bad weather. Name three of them and describe the weather briefly2）Reading activities：read the text and discuss the whether in different places 3）Interview: interview three classmates about their hometownsUnit Three What’s he like基本教学目的和要求：要求掌握与主题“Describing people”相关的词汇和表达式重点及难点：Identifying people; Describing appearances主要教学内容：1）Pair work: student A and student B describe three pictures to each other without looking at the other person’s choices. Find out he common one2）Group work: each student in the group describes a friend, a former classmate, or someone that has impressed him/her. Talk about the person’s character, habits, likes and dislikes, and ways of doing things.3）Role play: Imagine that you are David, Linda and Judy. What would you say about your motherUnit Four Lets Go Shopping基本教学目的和要求：要求掌握与主题“Shopping”相关的词汇和表达式及相关的销售技巧重点及难点：Buying and selling; Bargaining主要教学内容：1）Listening activities: Listen to Text A and Text B, then finish the following tasks2）Group work·Have you ever bought anything you didn’t really need simply because of the salesperson’s urging Tell us the story﹗·Divide the class into sellers and buyers, and see if you can strike a hard bargain when holing a yard saleUnit Five Striving for Excellence in Study基本教学目的和要求：要求掌握与主题“English study”相关的词汇和表达式及相关的英语学习方法重点及难点：Asking for and giving suggestions；New methods for learning English主要教学内容：1）Listening activities: Listen to a short passage and then ask some questions about English study mentioned in the story2）Role play: Student A is not very good at spelling and wants to improve it. He asks Student B for help.Student B gives him some suggestions3）Discussion: What are some of the new and popular methods for learning English now What do you know about the advantages and disadvantages of themUnit Six Seeing a Doctor基本教学目的和要求：要求掌握与主题“Seeing a doctor”相关的词汇和表达式及美国医疗制度知识重点及难点：Describing illnesses; Giving advice主要教学内容：1）Listening activities: Listen to th e passage and learn how to describe one’s illness2）Group work: One group plays the role of a patient and the other groups the role of a doctor.3）Discussion: What do you know about the medical system in the United statesUnit Seven Sports基本教学目的和要求：要求掌握与主题“Sports”相关的词汇和表达式及奥运会常识重点及难点：Talking about one’s favorite sports and keeping fit主要教学内容：1）Pair work: One student gives instructions and the other follows his instructions 。
外国人对中国人的刻板印象英语作文结尾
外国人对中国人的刻板印象英语作文结尾全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1I used to have a lot of strange ideas about Chinese people before I actually met some and got to know them better. I think a lot of my misunderstandings came from things I saw on TV, in movies, or even just stories people would tell. It's so easy to believe stereotypes when you don't have much real experience with a group of people.But now that I've become friends with several Chinese kids in my class and their families, I realize how wrong a lot of those stereotypes were. For example, I always imagined Chinese people as being really quiet, shy, and studious. While some of my Chinese friends are on the quieter side, others are just as loud, goofy, and rambunctious as any of my other friends! I was surprised at first, but it makes total sense - people are individuals no matter what country they're from.Another big stereotype I had was that all Chinese people were amazing at math. I'm actually better at math than a couple of my Chinese friends, even though they work really hard at ittoo. That stereotype puts a lot of unfair pressure on Chinese kids. Just because your ancestors invented things like the abacus, it doesn't automatically make you a calculating genius!I also thought that all Chinese people ate really weird foods like chicken feet or duck tongues for every meal. But theirday-to-day food is actually pretty normal - they eat a lot of the same things my family does like rice, noodles, vegetables, and meat. The "weird" dishes I heard about are just special delicacies, not an everyday thing. I tried a chicken foot once with my friend's family and you know what? It was surprisingly tasty!Another silly assumption I had was that all Chinese people practiced kung-fu and could do wild acrobatic flips and kicks. My friend David is actually a basketball player who can barely do a cartwheel. He thought my assumption was hilarious. I think I watched too many Jackie Chan movies growing up!One of the most harmful stereotypes is that Chinese people are dishonest, untrustworthy, and good at scamming others. This is such an unfair generalization. My friend Alice is one of the most honest, trustworthy people I know - she'd never lie or cheat. She gets really upset when she hears people making stereotypes like this about Chinese people. I understand why after becoming friends with her and her family.At the end of the day, I've learned that judging an entire group of people based on their ethnicity or nationality makes no sense. There's so much diversity within every culture. People are individuals first, with their own unique personalities, interests, strengths and flaws. Getting to actually know people as friends is the best way to overcome stereotypes and see each person for who they truly are.My advice? Don't believe everything you hear - seek out real experiences with people from different backgrounds than you. You might just become great friends and learn how inaccurate many of those stereotypes really are. I know I've become a lot wiser and more open-minded thanks to the Chinese friends I've made. Our differences are what make the world such an interesting, amazing place!篇2I think a lot of people from other countries have some weird ideas about Chinese people. It's kind of silly because we're just regular people like everyone else. But I can understand why they might get those impressions from movies, TV shows, and stuff like that.One big stereotype is that all Chinese people know kung fu and can do crazy martial arts moves. While it's true that kung fu originated in China, most Chinese people nowadays don't actually practice it. We take dance classes, play sports, or do other activities for fun and exercise just like kids in other countries. Only a small number of people seriously study martial arts. I'm definitely not a kung fu master - I'm more of a video game master!Another common stereotype is that Chinese people are really good at math. I have to admit, this one is kind of true! Math is really emphasized in Chinese schools from an early age. All of my Chinese friends are math whizzes. I'm decent at it too, but I definitely struggle more than they do. Our parents and teachers just put a lot of importance on building strong math skills. But of course, not every single Chinese person is a genius at math. We're just given a lot of practice and instruction.People also seem to think that all Chinese people are super disciplined and hard workers who do nothing but study all day and night. That's really exaggerated though! We still find time to play, hang out with friends, watch TV, etc. Yes, Chinese parents do push their kids to work hard in school. But we also have a lotof fun. I certainly don't spend every waking hour with my head in a book!One funny stereotype is the idea that Chinese people only eat weird foods like snake, duck feet, and chicken feet. While it's true that some Chinese delicacies may seem a bit exotic, most of the Chinese food people are used to seeing is just normal stuff like rice, noodles, vegetables, and meat. The only thing that might seem unusual is that we use chopsticks instead of forks and knives. But plenty of other Asian cultures use chopsticks too.I've also noticed some people think all Chinese people look exactly the same and have trouble telling us apart. That's pretty understandable since there are over a billion Chinese people, and a lot of us do have similar features like black hair and brown eyes. But we definitely don't all look identical! There's still a ton of diversity in our appearances. It would be like saying all white people look the same - which obviously isn't true either.Ultimately, I think a lot of stereotypes about Chinese people come from not having much exposure or personal interaction with us. The more people from different cultures interact, the more they'll realize that we're not really all that different. We're just regular people with our own customs, values, and quirks - just like every other culture in the world. Stereotypes are never afull or accurate representation of any group of people. The best way to learn about a culture is to experience it firsthand with an open mind. I hope people don't judge all Chinese people by the stereotypes, and give us a chance to show who we really are as individuals.篇3Lots of people who aren't from China have some funny ideas about what Chinese people are like. Some of these stereotypes are kind of true, but a lot of them aren't very accurate at all. I've learned that we shouldn't judge people just based on where they're from!One big stereotype is that all Chinese people are super smart at math. It's true that schools in China put a lot of emphasis on math and science. We have to take really hard tests and do lots of practice problems. So I guess Chinese students do get really good at those subjects. But it's not like we're all geniuses or anything. I still have to study really hard, and some math concepts give me a ton of trouble just like any other kid.Another common stereotype is that Chinese people only eat with chopsticks and weird foods like chicken feet. While it's true that we do use chopsticks for most meals, Chinese cuisine is waymore diverse than just strange animal parts. My favorite foods are dumplings, noodles, and Peking duck - those are all pretty normal, right? And forks are getting more and more popular, especially for Western foods like pasta or steak. We're not uncivilized cavemen who can't use utensils properly or anything.I've also heard people say that Chinese families are super strict, and we have tons of absurd rules we have to follow. Like we're not allowed to go outside after 6pm, or date until we're 30, or something crazy like that. That's just not accurate at all. Sure, Chinese parents can be a little strict sometimes when it comes to our schoolwork and behavior. But it's not like we're locked up in cages or anything. We still get plenty of freedom and have fun like other kids.One ridiculous rumor I've heard is that Chinese people have no individual personalities - that we're all identical robots who think and act exactly the same. That couldn't be further from the truth! Just look at any classroom in China, and you'll see tons of different personalities. You've got the class clowns, the shy kids, the teacher's pets, the athletes, the artists, the rebels...just like anywhere else. We're all unique individuals with our own interests, strengths, and quirks. That stereotype is just racist nonsense.So in conclusion, while a few stereotypes about Chinese people might have a nugget of truth, most of them are totally ridiculous and inaccurate. We're not all geniuses, we eat way more than just weird animal parts, we have plenty of freedom, and we're definitely not identical robots. We're just regular people - some of us are smart, some are funny, some are creative, and some are clumsy. Just like everywhere else in the world. Stereotypes are almost never a good way to judge an entire group. The best approach is to get to know people as individuals instead of making lazy generalizations. That's what I've learned, anyway!篇4I used to believe a lot of the stereotypes about Chinese people that my friends and even some adults would talk about. But after learning more about China and Chinese culture, I've realized how wrong and unfair those stereotypes are. Chinese people are just regular people, with the same range of personalities, interests, and values as anyone else.One stereotype I bought into for a long time was that Chinese people are really good at math. I thought all Chinese kids were forced by their super-strict parents to do math problems for hours every night until they were calculators onlegs. But then I met Yao, who is Chinese-American and absolutely hates math. His parents don't push him to be good at it at all. And my friend Lina, who is from Beijing, is obsessed with art and poetry instead of numbers. Just like kids from anywhere else, some Chinese kids love math and some couldn't care less about it.Another stereotype is that Chinese people only eat weird foods like chicken feet and duck tongues. Sure, those are delicacies in some parts of China. But Chinese cuisine is so much more than that! My friend Jia's family makes the most delicious dumplings, noodle soups, and stir-fries using really normal ingredients we'd all recognize like beef, vegetables, and sauces. Their homemade meals are just as comforting as any American home cooking. And we all know Chinese takeout like lo mein, fried rice, and egg rolls are popular with everyone.I also used to believe Chinese families were extremely strict, with kids having no freedom and getting screamed at constantly for small mistakes. Some Chinese parents can be quite strict, yes. But so can parents of any culture if they have very high expectations. My friend Ming's parents actually seem morelaid-back than my own! They let Ming have sleepovers, play video games, and stay out pretty late with friends as long as hisgrades are good. They believe in giving him independence and making his own choices.Speaking of making choices, that's another big stereotype - that Chinese people just mindlessly obey authority and don't think for themselves. But every Chinese person I know has really strong opinions and isn't afraid to respectfully disagree with teachers, parents, or anyone else. My friend Mei got into a huge debate with her history teacher over the teacher's interpretation of an event in the Cultural Revolution. She made such thoughtful, well-researched points that she actually changed the teacher's mind! Creative independent thinking is really valued in Chinese culture despite what some people assume.One silly stereotype is that all Chinese people are martial arts experts. Other than doing some basic tai chi with his grandpa, my friend Dewei has zero martial arts training. He's a total klutz who can barely run around the baseball diamond without tripping over his own feet. His parents just enrolled him in little league like many American parents do - martial arts never even came up. While kung fu is amazing and some Chinese people do practice it seriously, it's not like everyone in China is a ninja by default.Another dated stereotype is that Chinese people are hopelessly backwards people still living in the ancient past with antiquated values and technology. This one is just laughable when you see China's ultra modern megacities with soaring skyscrapers and cutting-edge industry. My older cousins in Shanghai have more advanced computers, better internet, and cooler digital lifestyles than I could ever dream of. Their Generation Z culture of gaming, streaming, and trends is really not that different from youth culture anywhere else. Sure, China has long traditions it celebrates. But it's not some feudal society frozen in time - it's an economic and technological superpower!In the end, I've learned that judging an entire country and culture by stereotypes is just ignorant. Chinese people are so diverse, just like Americans or any other group of people on Earth. They have all the same varietRies of personalities, interests, values, and lifestyles that you'd find anywhere. Stereotyping them as all being good at math, eating exotic foods, living under harsh discipline, having no independent thinking, knowing martial arts, or being trapped in the past is completely misguided. Getting to actually know Chinese people as individuals is a real eye-opener in seeing how overgeneralized and inaccurate those stereotypes are.We're all just human beings shaped by our unique experiences, environments, and personal natures - not by stigmas, stereotypes or prejudices based on where we were born. I'm grateful for my Chinese friends expanding my perspective and helping me see the world with more openness and understanding. Hopefully sharing what I've learned can help others avoid falling for those same misguided stereotypes about Chinese people that I once wrongly believed.篇5The world is full of different cultures, and people often have stereotypes or generalized ideas about how other cultures are. When it comes to Chinese people, there are quite a few common stereotypes that foreigners tend to believe. While some have a basis in truth, many are just misconceptions. Here are some of the main ones I've noticed:One big stereotype is that all Chinese people are good at math. It's true that math and academic success are highly valued in Chinese culture. Parents put a lot of emphasis on education from a young age. However, this doesn't mean every single Chinese person is a math genius. There is still a wide range of math abilities, just like any other culture. It can create a lot ofpressure when the expectation is that you'll naturally excel at math just because you're Chinese.Another common stereotype is that Chinese people only eat weird foods like chicken feet or duck tongues. Chinese cuisine does have some foods that seem unusual to Westerners. However, the majority of Chinese dishes are made up of very normal ingredients like vegetables, rice, noodles, meat, etc. Most of the so-called "weird" foods are delicacies that even many Chinese people don't eat regularly. Speaking from experience, my family cooks very typical Chinese dishes at home using basic ingredients.Many foreigners also believe that all Chinese families have strict parenting styles and push their kids to extreme levels. The idea of the stereotypical "tiger mom" comes to mind. While it's true that Chinese parents do tend to have higher academic expectations for their children compared to Western parents, not all take it to an extreme. My parents value education highly, but have always encouraged me to work hard while still leaving time for fun. Every family is different when it comes to parenting approaches.One outdated but still persistent stereotype is that Chinese people are rude, loud, and have no sense of personal space orboundaries. This mostly seems to come from a misunderstanding of Chinese social norms and population density. In crowded cities, it's more accepted to be pushing and assertive to get around. But Chinese culture still absolutely has rules for polite behavior and respecting others. I've always been taught to greet others respectfully and be considerate.There's also an idea that Chinese people are really superstitious and believe in a lot of irrational ideas like lucky numbers, astrology, feng shui, etc. While some Chinese people are superstitious, many are not. Like any culture, you'll find a range of beliefs. My family celebrates traditional holidays, but we don't necessarily buy into every superstition. I think foreigners tend to focus on and exaggerate these cultural elements that seem exotic to them.The last major stereotype I'll mention is that Chinese people are closed off, unfriendly to outsiders, and don't want to assimilate when living abroad. This seems to come from general miscommunication and cultural differences. In China, making direct eye contact, smiling at strangers, or being very outgoing can be seen as rude or awkward. So behaviors that may seem cold to a Westerner aren't necessarily meant that way. As for assimilation, Chinese people value maintaining their culturalidentity, but most are very appreciative when living in other countries.Overall, these stereotypes are generalizations that don't apply to every single Chinese person. There's a wide diversity of personalities, beliefs, and behaviors within Chinese culture, just like any other. It's important to keep in mind that each person is an individual who may or may not fit the stereotypes. The best way to learn about another culture is through open-minded interaction rather than making assumptions. I hope sharing my perspective as a Chinese student gives a more well-rounded view beyond the stereotypes.篇6In the end, I think it's really important for people from different countries and cultures to try to understand each other better. A lot of the stereotypes foreigners have about Chinese people aren't completely true or fair. We aren't all the same - we come from a huge country with lots of different regions, languages, and customs.Some foreigners think all Chinese people are super smart at math and science. While it's true that we study those subjects really hard in school, not every Chinese person is a genius. We'rejust like students anywhere else - some of us are great at math, while others struggle with it. My best subject is actually art and I'm not that good at algebra and geometry. My friend Xinping is the opposite - he's amazing at physics and calculus but can't draw or paint to save his life!Another stereotype is that Chinese people only care about money and business. Yes, china has become a major economic power and a lot of Chinese companies and entrepreneurs are very successful. But that doesn't mean we're all obsessed with getting rich. My parents actually work for a charity that builds schools in poor areas. And I want to be a writer or filmmaker when I grow up, not a businessperson. Lots of Chinese people these days are pursuing creative careers in the arts, entertainment, academia and other fields.Foreigners also sometimes assume all Chinese people are shy, quiet and super polite all the time. I have to laugh at that one! While it's true we're generally taught to respect our elders and authority figures, Chinese people can actually be quite loud, boisterous and outgoing. Just come to my house for dinner sometime - my grandparents yell at each other constantly and I have three younger siblings who never stop making noise and roughhousing. We know how to have fun and act silly too!I think a lot of these stereotypes come from the fact that China was a relatively poor, rural country for a very long time. But China has changed so much in recent decades as it modernized and opened up to the world. We have massive high-tech cities with flashy architecture and nightlife scenes. Chinese young people nowadays love trendy fashion, western music, video games and all the latest technology. We aren't stuffy orold-fashioned at all!At the same time, China is still a very traditional society in many ways and we have thousandsof years of incredible history, arts and culture. So in some ways, we are still quite different from western countries. For example, the idea of filial piety and revering one's ancestors is still very important to most Chinese families. We celebrate lots of colorful holidays and festivals that foreigners may not be familiar with, like Chinese New Year,Mid-Autumn Festival, Qingming Festival and Dragon Boat Festival. Our language and writing system is completely unique too.So I guess the main thing I want foreigners to understand is that Chinese people can't be summed up by a few overly simplistic stereotypes. We're multi-dimensional, diverse and constantly evolving as a society and culture. The reality is farmore interesting and complex than the cliches! If you meet a Chinese person, don't make assumptions - get to know us as individuals. I think you'll be surprised and fascinated by how dynamic, nuanced and varied we are as a people.Anyway, those are just some of my thoughts as a Chinese elementary school kid. Stereotypes and misunderstandings between cultures are natural to some degree, but we should always try our best to look past them. The world would be such a boring place if we were all exactly the same! Let's celebrate our differences while focusing on the humanity we all share. Thanks for reading and I hope this gave you some new perspective!。
中国人对美国人的刻板印象英语作文
中国人对美国人的刻板印象英语作文The Stereotypes Chinese People Have About AmericansIt is no secret that there are many stereotypes and preconceived notions that Chinese people have about Americans. These stereotypes are often based on limited information or cultural differences and can lead to misunderstandings and biases. As the world becomes more interconnected, it is important to examine these stereotypes and try to gain a more nuanced and accurate understanding of the diverse American culture and people.One of the most common stereotypes that Chinese people have about Americans is that they are loud and obnoxious. This stereotype is often perpetuated by the image of the loud and brash American tourist, who seems to have little regard for local customs or the personal space of others. While it is true that Americans tend to be more extroverted and expressive in their communication styles compared to the more reserved Chinese, this does not mean that all Americans are loud and rude. In fact, many Americans are quite polite and considerate, and simply have a different culturalunderstanding of what is appropriate in terms of volume and personal space.Another stereotype that Chinese people often have about Americans is that they are ignorant and uneducated. This stereotype is often fueled by the perception that Americans are not as well-traveled or knowledgeable about other cultures as their Chinese counterparts. However, this stereotype fails to take into account the vast diversity of the American education system and the fact that many Americans are highly educated and well-informed about the world around them. While it is true that some Americans may have a limited understanding of other cultures, this is not true of all Americans, and it is important to recognize the individual differences and experiences of each person.Additionally, Chinese people often stereotype Americans as being materialistic and obsessed with consumerism. This stereotype is often reinforced by the image of the wealthy American tourist who seems to spend lavishly on luxury goods and experiences. However, this stereotype fails to recognize the economic and cultural diversity within American society. While it is true that there is a significant emphasis on consumerism in American culture, this is not true of all Americans, and there are many who prioritize other values, such as sustainability, community, and personal fulfillment.Another common stereotype that Chinese people have about Americans is that they are overly individualistic and lack a sense of community. This stereotype is often based on the perception that Americans are more focused on their own personal goals and interests than on the needs of the collective. However, this stereotype fails to recognize the diverse range of cultural values and social structures within American society. While it is true that American culture places a greater emphasis on individual autonomy and self-expression compared to the more collectivist Chinese culture, this does not mean that Americans lack a sense of community or social responsibility.Finally, Chinese people often stereotype Americans as being obsessed with guns and violence. This stereotype is often fueled by the media's portrayal of gun violence and mass shootings in the United States. However, this stereotype fails to recognize the complex and nuanced debates around gun control and the diversity of views and experiences within American society. While it is true that gun violence is a significant problem in the United States, it is important to recognize that not all Americans are pro-gun or support the use of violence.In conclusion, the stereotypes that Chinese people have about Americans are often based on limited information or cultural differences, and fail to recognize the diversity and complexity ofAmerican society. As the world becomes more interconnected, it is important to challenge these stereotypes and strive for a more nuanced and accurate understanding of the American people and culture. By doing so, we can foster greater cross-cultural understanding and cooperation, and work towards a more just and equitable global community.。
西方人对中国的刻板印象作文英语
西方人对中国的刻板印象作文英语The relationship between China and the West has a long and complex history marked by both cooperation and conflict. Over the centuries, Western perspectives on China have been shaped by a variety of factors, ranging from direct experiences and encounters to secondhand accounts and cultural biases. As a result, many Western individuals and societies have developed persistent stereotypes and preconceptions about China and its people.One of the most enduring stereotypes is the notion of China as an exotic, mysterious, and inscrutable civilization. This perception has its roots in the early encounters between China and European explorers, missionaries, and traders during the medieval and early modern periods. Captivated by the technological and cultural achievements of the Middle Kingdom, Western observers often depicted China as a land of wonders, from the grandeur of the Great Wall to the intricacies of traditional Chinese medicine and philosophy.However, this sense of fascination was frequently accompanied by a degree of condescension and a belief in the superiority of Westernvalues and institutions. Many Europeans viewed China through the lens of Orientalism, a framework that constructed the "East" as fundamentally different from and inferior to the "West." This mindset manifested in the portrayal of China as a static, despotic, and tradition-bound society, incapable of adapting to the rapid changes of the modern world.The rise of China as a global economic and political power in the20th and 21st centuries has done little to dispel these longstanding stereotypes. In fact, the perceived threat posed by China's ascendance has, in some cases, exacerbated existing biases and given rise to new forms of sinophobia. Western media and political discourse have often depicted China as a strategic rival, a human rights abuser, and a source of unfair economic competition, fueling a climate of suspicion and mistrust.At the same time, the increasing interconnectedness of the modern world has facilitated greater cross-cultural exchange and understanding. As more Westerners have the opportunity to visit, study, and engage with China, some of the traditional stereotypes have begun to erode. The complexity and diversity of Chinese society, culture, and politics are becoming more widely recognized, challenging the notion of a monolithic and inscrutable "Middle Kingdom."Nevertheless, the persistence of certain stereotypes and misconceptions continues to shape Western perceptions of China. The idea of China as an authoritarian, repressive, and technologically advanced state, for instance, remains a dominant narrative in much of the Western discourse. Similarly, the perception of Chinese people as hardworking, disciplined, and academically gifted, while containing elements of truth, can also be reductive and oversimplified.These stereotypes are not merely harmless generalizations; they can have real-world consequences, influencing everything from foreign policy decisions to individual interactions and experiences. Stereotyping can lead to the marginalization and discrimination of Chinese and Chinese-American individuals, as well as the perpetuation of harmful biases and prejudices.To overcome these challenges, it is crucial for both Westerners and Chinese to engage in open and honest dialogue, to challenge their own preconceptions, and to seek a deeper understanding of each other's cultures, histories, and perspectives. This process requires a willingness to critically examine one's own biases, to embrace nuance and complexity, and to recognize the inherent diversity and dynamism of Chinese society.By doing so, we can move beyond the reductive stereotypes andcultivate a more nuanced, empathetic, and mutually respectful relationship between China and the West. This is not only a matter of cultural understanding but also a crucial step in fostering global cooperation and addressing the shared challenges facing humanity in the 21st century.。
跨文化交际重点归纳
跨文化交际重点归纳Unit 1 Intercultural CommunicationWhat is culture?Culture is the total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people. Generally speaking, culture is the way of life.Culture is everything and everywhere.Thanks to culture, without it we can’t survive in societyA metaphor比喻of cultureWe compare culture to iceberg.It suggests that only small part of it is visible while most of it lies concealed.Habits, dress and manners are visible.Worldview, value systems, ways of thinking, national character and any other deep concepts are foundation of visible part.“Where are you going?”in China ,we give a general answer to it.Chinese culture emphasizes on social relationship and the heavy interdependence between Chinese people.In western countries, it may be interpreted as an intrusion into one’sprivacy.The underlying individual-oriented relationship is the invisible part of the iceberg.exercise1. If you are a tourist guide, what are you expected to say when you are showing the foreign visitors to another site?A. This way, please.B. Come here, please.C. Follow me, please.D. Move on.2. A visitor stops you in the corridor of your head-office probably to ask for the way. What is your most likely reply to the visitor’s “Excuse me”?A. What’s the matter?B. Yes?C. That’s all right.D. Don’t worry.3. At a fair, a visitor, accidentally having knocked down your poster, says, “I’m terribly sorry.” What should you reply?A. It doesn’t matter.B. Never mind.C. Don’t worry.D. That’s all right.What is Intercultural communication?“Intercultural communication is contact between persons who identify themselves as distinct from one another in cultural terms.” (Collier & Thomas, 1998)intercultural communication refers to any communication between two members of any cultural communities. (Samovar & Porter)To further understand “intercultural communication”, please read the section of “Intercultural Communication Reading” on P.2 and answer the questions:1 In the story, why does Pete could not communicate well with Chinese students?Language problemCulture problemThe way Pete handled the intercultural communication situation2 What are the major barriers in intercultural communication? Language difference.(If we understand others’ language or dialect, but not their communication rules, we can made fluent fools of ourselves.) Nonverbal communication: gestures, postures, facial expression etc. Stereotypes: like culture, religion, idea, value, etc.Watch a video and get a deeper understanding.Classifications of Communicationverbal /nonverbalDirect /indirectInterpersonal / interorganizational / mass media-basedIntracultural /interculturalIntrapersonal / interpersonal/…Case studyRead the passage of “ an Intercultural Classroom”. This is the beginning of this passage:It was a hot day. Since it was still too early to use the air-conditioner, according to the regulations of the university, every class kept its door open to make the classroom cooler. While I was lecturing on Chinese grammar in Class 4, waves of laughter came from the neighboring Class 5. A German student named Stephen raised his hand and stood up. “The laughter from Class 5 is bothering us. I think we should go to their class to protest,” he said….1 How many different solutions did Class 4 propose?2 what is the mode of communication favored by Asians? What cultural values underlie it?Asian people are very courteous and indirect in their communications. They put great emphasis on group harmony, they are very tolerant, even when they are offended. These collectivistic values, shaped by Confusion teachings, were spread from China to many Asian countries.3 what is the mode of communication favored by Westerners? What cultural values underlie it?Westerners are generally very direct and frank in their mode ofcommunication. And they have a strong sense of protecting their own rights. Individualistic values are the underlying principles governing their behavior.Classroom activity 11. Read the story on P1 and answer: Why do you think the driver is asking for $50 instead of $32.5?2. Work in groups and write down 5 ways to deal with the situation. Some likely interpretationsThe taxi driver is trying to cheat Lee.extra charges for luggage that Lee doesn’t know about.Extra charges for tolls that Lee doesn’t know.There is an honest misunderstanding.L ee misunderstood what the driver said, or didn’t hear what he said clearly.The driver has included a tip for himself –an unreasonably large one. Culture NoteTaxi charges: in taxis in the us, it is quite normal to have a small extra charge for each of luggage. In the us there are also sometimes tolls for bridges, tunnels and certain roads. and the taxi driver will pay these first and then add them to the cost of the ride.Tipping: in the us it is normal to add a tip of 10%-15% to the cost of a taxi ride. (tipping is not normal in fast-food restaurants where customs gettheir own food.Taxis in the Us: while taxis can often be found at Us airports, taxis are rare in all but the largest American cities, and to get a taxi people often need to call a taxi company. This is because most Americans drive their cars. (in large cities, taxi drivers are often immigrants form other countries who do not speak English as their first language.)Classroom activity 2Read Letter to Fran: Not Eating and answer the following questions.1. Why did Nancy eat so little?2. Tell the possible reasons for Nancy’s problem.Possible reasonsOn the whole, American cooking tends to be somewhat more bland than the cooking in most parts of China.Some westerners have allergic reactions to MSG（often used in Chinese cooking) and get headaches if they eat food containing it.Some Christians won’t drink alcoholic beverages.Read Fran’s Response: Not Eating after class and get more information. Discuss the differences of table manners between Chinese and Westerners.Chinese people often use words like color 、smell 、taste、shape to describe the food.Westerners usually pay more attention to the calories、vitamins、proteinsand so on.we would invite many people “the more the better”If the host respect you ,he will give you a seat at first and sit on the left chair .The host will prepare all the things ready. The host will get delicious food into the guest’s bowl .Westerners would like to keep quiet. They regard the right as a symbol of respect.The host will let the guests choose what to eat or drink.Individualist and CollectivistWhat are the characteristics of Individualist and Collectivist? Classroom activity 3Read the passage Individualist and Collectivist Cultures and finish the following tasks.What are some differences between an individualist culture and a collectivist one?find out ways of how do Chinese show individualism and how do westerners show their collectivism. You may need to supply your points with examples.Assignment:Review unit 1 and Preview unit 2Work in teams of 6 and deliver a presentation on following topics:What are differences between an individualist culture and a collectivistone?find out ways of how do Chinese show individualism and how do westerners show their collectivism. You may need to supply your points with examples.Unit 2Review: Interpretation解释、翻译of greetings上哪去？Where are you going?It’s none of your business!去哪啦？Where have you been?吃过了吗？Have you had your meal?Are you going to invite me to dinner?Acceptable Greetings中文出去呀？吃饭去？回来了？忙着呢？忙什么呢？在洗车呀？这衣服真漂亮，新买的吧？你看起来气色不错。
中国人对美国人的刻板形象的英语作文
中国人对美国人的刻板形象的英语作文In the global community, stereotypes often arise when people from different cultures interact with one another. China and the United States have a long history of cultural exchanges, and stereotypes of Americans by Chinese people have been a topic of discussion for years.One common stereotype is that Americans are perceived as loud and overconfident. This perception might arise from the loud music, public speaking, and the general enthusiasm often associated with American culture. However, it's important to remember that these traits do not define all Americans, and individuals within the country vary greatly in their behaviors and attitudes.Another stereotype is that Americans are wealthy and materialistic. This perception might be influenced by the high standard of living in the United States and the emphasis on consumerism in American society. However, it's important to note that wealth and materialism are not universal traits among Americans, and many individuals live modestly and prioritize other aspects of life.While stereotypes can be harmful and misleading, they can also provide insights into cultural differences andmisunderstandings. It's important for people to approach each other with an open mind and to recognize that individuals should not be judged based on stereotypes.中文翻译：在全球社区中，当不同文化的人们相互交流时，刻板印象往往会出现。
美国人对中国人的刻板印象英语作文
美国人对中国人的刻板印象英语作文The American Perception of Chinese PeopleThe relationship between the United States and China has been complex and often strained throughout history. As the two largest economies in the world, there is an unavoidable sense of competition and rivalry between the two nations. This has led to the development of various stereotypes and preconceived notions that Americans hold about Chinese people. While some of these perceptions may have a kernel of truth, they often grossly oversimplify and misrepresent the diverse and nuanced reality of Chinese culture and society.One of the most persistent stereotypes of Chinese people in the American consciousness is that they are hardworking and academically gifted. There is a perception that Chinese students, in particular, are hyper-focused on their studies, spending long hours studying and drilling in order to achieve top scores and gain admission to prestigious universities. This stereotype is reinforced by the academic success of many Chinese immigrants and their childrenin the United States. However, this overlooks the immense pressure and stress that is often placed on Chinese youth to perform at the highest levels, as well as the complex societal and familial factors that contribute to this academic drive.Another common stereotype is that Chinese people are inscrutable, mysterious, and difficult to understand. This perception is rooted in the cultural and linguistic differences between China and the West, as well as a lack of direct exposure and interaction between the two populations. Many Americans view Chinese culture as exotic, ancient, and fundamentally alien to their own experiences. This can lead to a sense of unease and wariness when it comes to engaging with Chinese individuals or trying to understand Chinese customs and values.Additionally, there is a perception that Chinese people are conformist and lack individuality. The collectivist nature of Chinese society, with its emphasis on harmony, hierarchy, and the greater good of the group, is sometimes interpreted by Americans as a suppression of individual expression and personal identity. This stereotype fails to recognize the rich diversity of Chinese culture and the nuanced ways in which Chinese people navigate the balance between individual and collective identity.Furthermore, there is a longstanding stereotype of Chinese people asbeing skilled in certain technical and technological fields, particularly in areas such as engineering, mathematics, and computer science. This perception is often rooted in the success of Chinese immigrants in these domains, as well as the rapid technological advancements that have emerged from China in recent decades. However, this stereotype can also lead to the assumption that Chinese people are solely focused on these "hard" sciences, overlooking the vibrant artistic, literary, and cultural contributions of Chinese individuals and communities.Another common stereotype is the perception of Chinese people as being politically repressive and authoritarian. The authoritarian nature of the Chinese government, as well as its strict control over information and media, has led many Americans to view the Chinese people as passive, compliant, and lacking in political agency or civil liberties. This fails to recognize the complex and nuanced ways in which Chinese citizens navigate the political landscape, as well as the diversity of political views and forms of activism that exist within Chinese society.Additionally, there is a persistent stereotype of Chinese people as being environmentally irresponsible and contributing disproportionately to global pollution and climate change. This perception is often fueled by media coverage of China's industrial growth and the country's struggles with air quality andenvironmental degradation. However, it overlooks the significant investments and efforts that China has made in recent years to address environmental issues and transition towards more sustainable development.Finally, there is a longstanding stereotype of Chinese people as being involved in organized crime, such as human trafficking, drug smuggling, and the illegal wildlife trade. This perception is often rooted in historical incidents of criminal activity involving Chinese individuals or organizations, as well as the cultural and linguistic barriers that can make it challenging for American law enforcement to effectively investigate and prosecute such crimes. However, this stereotype fails to recognize the vast majority of Chinese people who are law-abiding citizens and the efforts of the Chinese government to crack down on transnational organized crime.In conclusion, the American perception of Chinese people is often marked by a series of stereotypes and preconceived notions that fail to capture the full complexity and diversity of Chinese culture and society. While some of these stereotypes may have a kernel of truth, they often grossly oversimplify and misrepresent the lived experiences of Chinese individuals both within and outside of the United States. As the relationship between the United States and China continues to evolve, it is crucial for Americans to strive for amore nuanced and empathetic understanding of the Chinese people, their values, and their place in the global community.。
外国人对中国人刻板印象英语作文
外国人对中国人刻板印象英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1China through the Eyes of ForeignersHi everyone! Today I want to tell you about what some foreigners think about Chinese people. Sometimes, people have stereotypes or general ideas about others, and it's important to understand that these ideas might not always be true. Let's explore some of the common stereotypes that foreigners might have about Chinese people.Firstly, some people think that all Chinese people are really good at martial arts like Kung Fu. They might believe that every Chinese person can do amazing moves and fight like a superhero. While it's true that China has a long history of martial arts and it's popular here, not every Chinese person is a Kung Fu master. Just like in any other country, there are people with different skills and interests.Another stereotype is that all Chinese people eat rice with every meal. Rice is indeed a staple food in China, but it doesn't mean that we eat it for breakfast, lunch, and dinner every day.Chinese cuisine is diverse and includes many delicious dishes like dumplings, noodles, and stir-fried vegetables. We enjoy a variety of foods just like people from other countries.Some foreigners also believe that all Chinese people are really good at math and science. They think that every Chinese student is a genius in these subjects. While it's true that education is highly valued in China and many students work hard, it's not fair to assume that every Chinese person is a math or science prodigy. People have different talents and interests, and China is home to artists, athletes, and musicians too.One stereotype that some foreigners have is that all Chinese people are reserved and shy. They might think that we don't like to talk much or express our emotions. But that's not entirely true. Yes, some Chinese people might be more introverted, but there are also many who are outgoing and love to socialize. Just like in any other country, people have different personalities and ways of expressing themselves.Lastly, some foreigners think that all Chinese people know Kung Pao Chicken and Fortune Cookies. They believe that these dishes are typical Chinese food. However, Kung Pao Chicken is actually a dish that originated in the Sichuan province of China, and Fortune Cookies are more commonly found in Chineserestaurants in Western countries. In China, we have a wide variety of regional cuisines that are delicious and unique.It's important to remember that stereotypes are just generalizations and not everyone fits into them. People are diverse and unique, regardless of their nationality or culture. It's always better to get to know individuals and learn about their experiences and interests.So, if you ever meet someone from a different country, like China, don't assume things about them based on stereotypes. Be curious, ask questions, and be open to learning about their individual stories and experiences. This way, we can break down stereotypes and build understanding and friendship among people from different cultures.Remember, it's the diversity that makes our world so interesting and beautiful!That's all for today, friends. I hope you enjoyed learning about what some foreigners think about Chinese people. Let's embrace diversity and celebrate our differences!Take care and see you soon!篇2The Stereotypes of Chinese People in the Eyes of ForeignersHello everyone! Today, I want to talk about something interesting. Do you know what stereotypes are? Stereotypes are generalizations or assumptions that people make about others based on their nationality, race, or culture. Sometimes, people have stereotypical views about different countries and the people who live there. Today, I will tell you some common stereotypes that foreigners have about Chinese people.One common stereotype is that all Chinese people eat rice every day. Some foreigners believe that rice is the only food we eat, and they think we don't like other types of food. But in reality, Chinese cuisine is incredibly diverse! We have a wide variety of dishes like dumplings, noodles, hot pot, and so much more. Chinese people enjoy a rich and varied diet just like people from other countries.Another stereotype is that all Chinese people know kung fu. Thanks to movies and martial arts legends like Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan, many people around the world think every Chinese person is a kung fu master. While it's true that kung fu originated in China and has a long history here, not every Chinese person knows kung fu. Just like in any other country, some people practice martial arts, but most of us are not martial arts experts.Some foreigners also believe that all Chinese people are very serious and hardworking. They think we spend all our time studying or working and have no time for fun or leisure activities. While it's true that education is highly valued in Chinese culture and many of us work hard, we also know how to have fun! We enjoy playing sports, watching movies, playing games, and spending time with friends and family, just like people all over the world.Another stereotype is that all Chinese people are good at math. Some foreigners believe that every Chinese student is a math genius. While it's true that math is an important subject in our education system, not all of us are math prodigies. We have students who excel in different subjects like art, music, literature, and science too.Lastly, some people think that all Chinese people are shy and reserved. They believe that we don't like to express our emotions openly and prefer to keep to ourselves. But in reality, Chinese people are warm and friendly! We love making new friends, helping others, and celebrating together during festivals and special occasions.It's important to remember that stereotypes are not always true. Every person is unique, and we should not judge othersbased on preconceived notions. We should embrace diversity and learn about different cultures, so we can have a better understanding of the world around us.In conclusion, there are several stereotypes that foreigners may have about Chinese people. They may think we only eat rice, all know kung fu, are serious all the time, excel in math, and are reserved. However, we know that these stereotypes are not entirely accurate. Chinese people are diverse, talented, and friendly, just like people from any other country. Let's break down these stereotypes and embrace the rich culture and individuality of every person we meet!I hope you enjoyed learning about stereotypes today. Remember, it's important to treat everyone with respect and kindness, no matter where they come from.篇3My Thoughts on Foreign Stereotypes About Chinese PeopleHi, my name is Emily and I'm 10 years old. Today I want to share my thoughts on the stereotypes that some foreigners have about Chinese people. A stereotype is an oversimplified idea that many people wrongly believe represents every person from a particular group. While some stereotypes may contain a smallkernel of truth, they are ultimately unfair and inaccurate generalizations. Let me talk about a few common stereotypes related to Chinese people and culture.One widespread stereotype is that all Chinese people are good at math. It's true that math, science, and academic success are highly valued in Chinese culture. Many Chinese parents push their kids to excel in these subjects from a young age. However, not every Chinese person is automatically a math whiz. Just like any other group, Chinese people have a wide range of talents, interests, and abilities. Some are great at math, while others struggle with it. Some prefer artistic or creative pursuits instead. Assuming every Chinese person is a genius at math is simply wrong.Another common stereotype is that Chinese people only eat rice and weird/exotic foods like snake, frog legs, or chicken feet. While it's true that rice is a staple grain in Chinese cuisine, the variety of Chinese foods is incredibly diverse across the many regional cuisines. Yes, some Chinese dishes may seem unusual to those unfamiliar with them, but no more so than foods like haggis, blood sausages, or even cheese might seem strange to some Chinese people at first. The reality is Chinese cuisine offers a rich tapestry of flavors and dishes ranging from simple stir-friesto complex banquet dishes worthy of the most sophisticated palates. To label all Chinese food as "weird" is narrow-minded.Some foreigners also believe that Chinese people are largely insular, uncurious about the outside world, and dismissive of foreign cultures. Perhaps this perception arises from China's immense size and ancient history as one of the world's earliest civilizations. It's true that Chinese traditional culture places a high value on filial piety, deference to authority, and social harmony. However, in the modern era, tens of millions of Chinese people travel, study, and live abroad every year. Many are profoundly interested in experiencing new cultures. Chinese Americans, Chinese Canadians and other diaspora Chinese communities have also adopted tremendously diverse beliefs and lifestyles. To claim that Chinese people are culturally insular and resistant to foreign influences is to ignore the incredibleOpenMindedness and diversity present across the Chinese world.I've also noticed some foreigners assume Chinese people are largely poor, unsophisticated peasant farmers living in rural areas with low standards of living. While poverty unfortunately still exists in some rural areas, this stereotype is increasingly outdated. China has undergone one of the most rapidurbanization and economic development periods in human history over the past few decades. The number of middle class and affluent urban residents in China's cities now numbers in the hundreds of millions. Chinese megacities like Shanghai are at the cutting edge of art, architecture, finance, technology and culture. Dismissing Chinese people as universally poor or backwards is ignorant of modern realities.A more pernicious stereotype, which has racist overtones, portrays Chinese people as dishonest, corrupt, blindly loyal to their government, and even hostile threats to the outside world. Like other xenophobic stereotypes, these harmful myths hugely oversimplify the ethical beliefs and political views of 1.4 billion Chinese individuals. In truth, Chinese people have the same wide range of viewpoints and moral standards as any other group. Many ardently believe in democracy, human rights, and personal freedoms - sometimes even protesting against injustice at great personal risk. Meanwhile others may express more nationalistic tendencies. But the same can be said of any large, diverse population. To lazily lump all Chinese people together as unethical or hostile threats is unrealistic fearmongering at best, and racist demonization at worst.At the end of the day, stereotypes about any group are more misleading than insightful. They erase the wonderfully rich diversity present both within China and among the global Chinese diaspora. My Chinese ancestry is one part of my identity, but it hardly defines me or billions of other Chinese individuals entirely. We are environmentalists and scientists, fashionistas and pop stars, philosophers and poets, tech entrepreneurs and sports icons. We span the entire spectrum of human experiences, talents and beliefs just like any other group. I hope people will take the time to look beyond reductive stereotypes and see the glorious tapestry of cultures and individuals that encompass the human family - including those of Chinese descent. We're not all that different, and our wondrous diversity is something to celebrate, not diminish through small-minded stereotypes.篇4Chinese People: Breaking StereotypesHello everyone! Today, I want to talk about what some foreigners think about Chinese people. It's important to remember that stereotypes are not always true, but it's interesting to explore different perspectives. Let's dive in!One common stereotype about Chinese people is that they are all really smart. Some people think that every Chinese student is a math genius or a walking dictionary. While it's true that many Chinese students work hard and excel in their studies, not everyone fits this stereotype. Just like in any other country, there are all kinds of students in China with different strengths and interests. Some love sports, others enjoy art, and some are great musicians!Another stereotype is that Chinese people eat strange and exotic foods. Some foreigners might think that we eat insects or strange animals. Well, it's true that Chinese cuisine is diverse and unique, but not everyone eats those things. Chinese food includes delicious dishes like dumplings, noodles, and rice. We have a rich culinary heritage with a wide variety of flavors and cooking styles. So, next time you visit a Chinese restaurant, don't be afraid to try something new!Did you know that some people also believe that all Chinese people know Kung Fu? Kung Fu is a traditional Chinese martial art, but not everyone practices it. Chinese people have different hobbies and interests, just like people from other countries. Some enjoy playing soccer, others love dancing, and some preferpainting. It's important to remember that we are all individuals with our own unique talents and passions.Another stereotype is that Chinese people are always serious and never smile. Well, that's definitely not true! Chinese people love to smile and laugh, just like people from any other country. We have joyous festivals like the Spring Festival, where families come together, exchange gifts, and have fun. Chinese people are friendly and welcoming, and we enjoy making new friends from all around the world.Finally, some people think that all Chinese people speak the same language. In reality, China has many different dialects and languages. Mandarin is the most widely spoken language in China, but there are also other languages like Cantonese and Shanghainese. It's fascinating to learn about the linguistic diversity in China!In conclusion, it's important to remember that stereotypes don't always reflect the reality. Chinese people are diverse, just like people from any other country. We have different talents, interests, and traditions. So, let's break the stereotypes and embrace the beauty of cultural diversity!Remember, we should always treat others as individuals and not make assumptions based on stereotypes. By doing so, wecan build understanding, respect, and friendship among people from different backgrounds.Thank you for listening, and remember to keep an open mind!篇5Stereotypes of Chinese People: What Foreigners ThinkHi everyone! Today, I want to talk about stereotypes. Do you know what stereotypes are? Well, stereotypes are generalizations or assumptions that people make about a whole group of people based on limited information or experiences. Sometimes, people have stereotypes about different countries and the people who live there. Today, let's talk about the stereotypes that some foreigners have about Chinese people.One common stereotype is that all Chinese people know Kung Fu. Foreigners might think that if you are from China, then you are automatically a Kung Fu master. They might even ask you to show them some Kung Fu moves! But the truth is, not everyone in China knows Kung Fu. Kung Fu is a traditional martial art that originated in China, but just like in any other country, only some people practice it. Chinese people have manydifferent talents and interests, just like people from any other country.Another stereotype is that all Chinese people eat rice every day. While it is true that rice is a staple food in China and is consumed by many people, it doesn't mean that everyone eats it every single day. Chinese cuisine is incredibly diverse, and there are so many delicious dishes to try! From dumplings to noodles to stir-fried vegetables, there is something for everyone. Chinese people enjoy a wide variety of foods, just like people from other countries.Some people also think that all Chinese people have black hair and brown eyes. While it is true that many Chinese people have black hair and brown eyes, there is also a lot of diversity in physical appearances. China is a vast country with different ethnic groups, and people can have different hair colors, eye colors, and skin tones. It's important to remember that appearances can vary among individuals, no matter where they come from.Another stereotype is that Chinese people are really good at math. Some people might think that if you are from China, you must be a math genius. While it is true that China has a strong emphasis on education and places importance on subjects likemath and science, not everyone is a math prodigy. People have different talents and interests, and some might be great at math while others excel in art, music, or sports. It's important not to assume that someone is good at something just because of their nationality.Lastly, some people believe that all Chinese people are quiet and shy. They might think that Chinese people don't like to speak up or express their opinions. But this couldn't be further from the truth! Chinese people, just like people from any other country, have different personalities. Some might be outgoing and talkative, while others might be more reserved. It's not fair to make assumptions about someone's personality based on their nationality.In conclusion, it's important to remember that stereotypes are often based on limited knowledge or experiences. While some foreigners might have these stereotypes about Chinese people, it's essential to recognize that individuals are unique and cannot be defined solely by their nationality. By learning more about each other and embracing our differences, we can break down these stereotypes and build a more understanding and inclusive world.Remember, it's always important to treat others with respect and kindness, no matter where they come from. Let's celebrate our diversity and learn from each other!That's all for now. I hope you enjoyed learning about stereotypes. Bye-bye!篇6Chinese People: Breaking Stereotypes!Hi everyone! I want to share with you something really interesting today. Have you ever wondered what people from other countries think about us, Chinese people? Some of them might have stereotypes or fixed ideas about us, but it's important to remember that stereotypes are not always true. Let's explore some common stereotypes and break them together!One stereotype is that all Chinese people eat only rice and noodles. But guess what? China is a vast country with a diverse cuisine! We have so many different types of food. Some regions prefer rice, while others enjoy noodles. But that's not all! We also have dumplings, hot pot, steamed buns, and many other delicious dishes. So, not all Chinese people eat rice and noodles every day!Another stereotype is that all Chinese people know kung fu. While it's true that martial arts like kung fu originated in China and are an important part of our culture, not every Chinese person knows kung fu. Just like in any other country, people have different interests and hobbies. Some of us enjoy practicing martial arts, while others prefer painting, playing music, or playing sports like basketball or soccer. We are a diverse group of people with different talents and passions.Some people also think that all Chinese people are good at math and science. Well, it's true that education is highly valued in China, and many Chinese students excel in these subjects. But it's important to remember that not every Chinese person is a math genius. We have artists, writers, musicians, and athletes who excel in their respective fields. Each person has their own strengths and interests, and it's not fair to generalize based on stereotypes.Lastly, there's a stereotype that Chinese people are all the same and think alike. This couldn't be further from the truth! China is a country with a rich history and diverse population. We have different languages, dialects, and traditions across different regions. Our country is a melting pot of cultures and beliefs. Wecelebrate our differences and learn from each other, just like people do in any other country.So, you see, it's important not to judge or have fixed ideas about people based on stereotypes. We should embrace diversity and learn about different cultures with an open mind. Breaking stereotypes is not only important for others to understand us better but also for us to understand ourselves better.Next time, if you meet someone from another country, take the opportunity to share and learn about each other's cultures. Together, we can build bridges and create a world where stereotypes no longer define us. Let's celebrate our uniqueness and show the world the true spirit of the Chinese people!That's all for today, my friends. Remember, stereotypes are like clouds blocking the sun, but we can always find the sunshine behind them!。
跨文化交际重点归纳
跨文化交际重点归纳Unit 1 Intercultural CommunicationWhat is culture?Culture is the total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people. Generally speaking, culture is the way of life.Culture is everything and everywhere.Thanks to culture, without it we can’t survive in societyA metaphor比喻of cultureWe compare culture to iceberg.It suggests that only small part of it is visible while most of it lies concealed.Habits, dress and manners are visible.Worldview, value systems, ways of thinking, national character and any other deep concepts are foundation of visible part.“Where are you going?”in China ,we give a general answer to it.Chinese culture emphasizes on social relationship and the heavy interdependence between Chinese people.In western countries, it may be interpreted as an intrusion into one’sprivacy.The underlying individual-oriented relationship is the invisible part of the iceberg.exercise1. If you are a tourist guide, what are you expected to say when you are showing the foreign visitors to another site?A. This way, please.B. Come here, please.C. Follow me, please.D. Move on.2. A visitor stops you in the corridor of your head-office probably to ask for the way. What is your most likely reply to the visitor’s “Excuse me”?A. What’s the matter?B. Yes?C. That’s all right.D. Don’t worry.3. At a fair, a visitor, accidentally having knocked down your poster, says, “I’m terribly sorry.” What should you reply?A. It doesn’t matter.B. Never mind.C. Don’t worry.D. That’s all right.What is Intercultural communication?“Intercultural communication is contact between persons who identify themselves as distinct from one another in cultural terms.” (Collier & Thomas, 1998)intercultural communication refers to any communication between two members of any cultural communities. (Samovar & Porter)To further understand “intercultural communication”, please read the section of “Intercultural Communication Reading” on P.2 and answer the questions:1 In the story, why does Pete could not communicate well with Chinese students?Language problemCulture problemThe way Pete handled the intercultural communication situation2 What are the major barriers in intercultural communication? Language difference.(If we understand others’ language or dialect, but not their communication rules, we can made fluent fools of ourselves.) Nonverbal communication: gestures, postures, facial expression etc. Stereotypes: like culture, religion, idea, value, etc.Watch a video and get a deeper understanding.Classifications of Communicationverbal /nonverbalDirect /indirectInterpersonal / interorganizational / mass media-basedIntracultural /interculturalIntrapersonal / interpersonal/…Case studyRead the passage of “ an Intercultural Classroom”. This is the beginning of this passage:It was a hot day. Since it was still too early to use the air-conditioner, according to the regulations of the university, every class kept its door open to make the classroom cooler. While I was lecturing on Chinese grammar in Class 4, waves of laughter came from the neighboring Class 5. A German student named Stephen raised his hand and stood up. “The laughter from Class 5 is bothering us. I think we should go to their class to protest,” he said….1 How many different solutions did Class 4 propose?2 what is the mode of communication favored by Asians? What cultural values underlie it?Asian people are very courteous and indirect in their communications. They put great emphasis on group harmony, they are very tolerant, even when they are offended. These collectivistic values, shaped by Confusion teachings, were spread from China to many Asian countries.3 what is the mode of communication favored by Westerners? What cultural values underlie it?Westerners are generally very direct and frank in their mode ofcommunication. And they have a strong sense of protecting their own rights. Individualistic values are the underlying principles governing their behavior.Classroom activity 11. Read the story on P1 and answer: Why do you think the driver is asking for $50 instead of $32.5?2. Work in groups and write down 5 ways to deal with the situation. Some likely interpretationsThe taxi driver is trying to cheat Lee.extra charges for luggage that Lee doesn’t know about.Extra charges for tolls that Lee doesn’t know.There is an honest misunderstanding.Lee misunderstood what the driver said, or didn’t hear what he said clearly.The driver has included a tip for himself –an unreasonably large one. Culture NoteTaxi charges: in taxis in the us, it is quite normal to have a small extra charge for each of luggage. In the us there are also sometimes tolls for bridges, tunnels and certain roads. and the taxi driver will pay these first and then add them to the cost of the ride.Tipping: in the us it is normal to add a tip of 10%-15% to the cost of a taxi ride. (tipping is not normal in fast-food restaurants where customs gettheir own food.Taxis in the Us: while taxis can often be found at Us airports, taxis are rare in all but the largest American cities, and to get a taxi people often need to call a taxi company. This is because most Americans drive their cars. (in large cities, taxi drivers are often immigrants form other countries who do not speak English as their first language.)Classroom activity 2Read Letter to Fran: Not Eating and answer the following questions.1. Why did Nancy eat so little?2. Tell the possible reasons for Nancy’s problem.Possible reasonsOn the whole, American cooking tends to be somewhat more bland than the cooking in most parts of China.Some westerners have allergic reactions to MSG（often used in Chinese cooking) and get headaches if they eat food containing it.Some Christians won’t drink alcoholic beverages.Read Fran’s Response: Not Eating after class and get more information. Discuss the differences of table manners between Chinese and Westerners.Chinese people often use words like color 、smell 、taste、shape to describe the food.Westerners usually pay more attention to thecalories、vitamins、proteins and so on.we would invite many people “the more the better”If the host respect you ,he will give you a seat at first and sit on the left chair .The host will prepare all the things ready. The host will get delicious food into the guest’s bowl .Westerners would like to keep quiet. They regard the right as a symbol of respect.The host will let the guests choose what to eat or drink.Individualist and CollectivistWhat are the characteristics of Individualist and Collectivist? Classroom activity 3Read the passage Individualist and Collectivist Cultures and finish the following tasks.What are some differences between an individualist culture and a collectivist one?find out ways of how do Chinese show individualism and how do westerners show their collectivism. You may need to supply your points with examples.Assignment:Review unit 1 and Preview unit 2Work in teams of 6 and deliver a presentation on following topics:What are differences between an individualist culture and a collectivistone?find out ways of how do Chinese show individualism and how do westerners show their collectivism. You may need to supply your points with examples.Unit 2Review: Interpretation解释、翻译of greetings上哪去？Where are you going?It’s none of your business!去哪啦？Where have you been?吃过了吗？Have you had your meal?Are you going to invite me to dinner?Acceptable Greetings中文出去呀？吃饭去？回来了？忙着呢？忙什么呢？在洗车呀？这衣服真漂亮，新买的吧？你看起来气色不错。
论美剧_老友记_里的中国形象_郜丽娜
2014年第6期重庆三峡学院学报No.6.2014第30卷（154期）JOURNAL OF CHONGQING THREE GORGES UNIVERSITY V ol.30 No.154论美剧《老友记》里的中国形象郜丽娜1高鸿雁2（1.滁州学院外国语学院，安徽滁州 239000）（2.淮北师范大学外国语学院，安徽淮北 235000）摘要：美国的情景喜剧因其剧情贴近生活、语言幽默风趣，在全球的电视剧市场占据重要地位。
《老友记》是美国情景喜剧的经典之作，影响非常深远。
通过梳理该剧涉及中国主题的情节和分析频繁出现的中国形象，揭示了美国人对中国的刻板印象及其优越感。
关键词：老友记；中国形象；价值观中图分类号：I135文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009-8135（2014）06-0099-03一、引言情景喜剧因其剧情贴近生活、语言幽默风趣素来广受欢迎，而美国的情景喜剧在全球的电视剧市场更是占据重要地位。
《老友记》（《Friends》）又名《六人行》，是美国NBC电视台于1994年开始推出的电视情景喜剧，共十个播出季，约240集。
这部电视剧，前后一共获得了55次艾美奖的提名，其中6次为“杰出喜剧奖”提名；该剧还获得提名金球奖的最佳电视剧音乐剧喜剧奖4次以及公众选择奖3次；《老友记》第一季获得“观众最喜爱的新上演的戏剧连续剧奖”之后，又3次获得“观众最喜爱的喜剧连续剧奖”。
[1]近二十年一直为全球观众所喜爱吹捧，影响非常深远。
《老友记》中有六位主角，男女各半，都是俊男美女，故事主要讲述的是在美国纽约这个大都市生活的六个年轻人身边发生的事，这部美剧比较客观地再现了美国社会各层面的生活，基本上代表了美国社会的主流价值观，所以观众们可以从剧中更好地认识美国，了解美国大都市中社会民众的日常生活方式并体会他们的价值趣味。
这部剧中有相当一些情节涉及到中国主题，然而在这部情景喜剧中，屡次出现的中国元素却是以负面角色出现，从某种意义上而言，这样的“中国形象”应该比较真实地反映出美国民众对中国的整体印象，这种“中国形象”明显是负面的，这种认识其实是西方文化中心主义的产物，是从19世纪开始美国和西方世界站在自我尊大的角度所勾画构想的“中国”，并不能客观地反映当前中国社会。
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American stereotypes of ChinaUS writer Todd C. Ames concludes his two-part discussion of the ways in which Chinese and Americans think of each other, and the most common misunderstandings that arise.AMERICANS don't know much about China. What they do know comes from three main sources: movies, the news, and history classes. This can be a sensitive subject, and I do not wish to offend anyone - my goal is only to give you an overview of American stereotypes of China.Just as I have encountered many stereotypes that the Chinese have of America (some accurate,some absurd, some insulting), one can similarly encounter American stereotypes of China in the US.- All Chinese know Kungfu and dress like Huang Feihong. (Source: Jet Li, Jackie Chan, and Bruce Lee [Li Xiaolong] movies).- Anything to do with China is "ancient" and "mysterious." (Source: the fact that Chinese language seems to be made up of "mysterious symbols" to Western eyes, movies about Chinese history).- All Chinese are "brainwashed" into worshipping Chairman Mao and can't think independently. (Source: studying the Cultural Revolution in high school history classes.)- "Guangdonghua" (Cantonese) is the official language of China. (Source: Hong Kong movies, Chinese-American immigrants who came to the US from Guangdong and Hong Kong during the 19th and 20th centuries).- Chinese culture is basically the same today as it was 1,000 years ago (e.g., "traditional, conservative, polite," etc.). (Source: studying Chinese history without being familiar with modern China).- In China, no one can express any idea that isn't approved by Chairman Mao - if you do express an "unapproved" idea, you will be instantly sent to jail or shot. (Source: studying the "cultural revolution" (1966-1976) in high school history classes, the events of 1989 in Beijing.).- Chinese (and all "Asians") are good at maths. (Source: I don't know).- China and Japan are basically the same. (Source: ignorance).- "Asian" women are generally subservient to men,anti-feminist, and more "morally pure" than Western women. (Source: movies about ancient Japan, cultural differences.This stereotype is again the result of ignorance of modern China - and thinking that today's China is really 12th-century ancient Japan).Chinese stereotypes of US- As an American, I can give you a unique perspective on the Chinese stereotypes of the US that I have encountered. Some of them really made me laugh - as I'm sure some of the above American stereotypes of China made you laugh.- Americans don't care about their families very much. The opposite is true. Almost every American will tell you that family is the most important thing in life.- Most Americans have AIDS and have sex in the streets. I'm still laughing at this one. One of my friends told me that she thought this was true before coming to the US.- Mixed ethnic background = intelligence. The more mixed your ethnic background, the smarter you must be. This kind of thinking is truly confusing and shocking to most Americans. Many Americans would even consider this kind of thinking "racist," as some sort of inversion of Hitler's "race purity" theories. In any case, I was really surprised to hear this from virtually every Chinese I know. Almost all Americans have adiverse and mixed ethnic background - so we must all be geniuses.- All American men are "se lang (lecher)." (Source: cultural differences.)- The crime rate is so high in the US that your life is always in danger. This is a vast exaggeration.- The US has the most socially liberal society in the world, especially when it comes to sex. This idea comes from Hollywood - and it couldn't be more false. The US in general (especially the Midwest) is very socially conservative. Virtually every European country has a much more "liberal" and "open" view of sex and social relations in general compared to the US. In my opinion, the US is closer to China in this respect than to European countries. You probably don't believe me, but if you get to know some Americans, you will see that it is true. As far as social relations and sex go, I would put Japan and Europe in one category. And I would put China and the US in one category.- All "Western" countries are basically the same. This stereotype is the mirror of the American stereotype that all "Eastern" countries (China, Japan, Korea, etc.) are basically the same. Both stereotypes are completely false and are purely based on the perception that "all foreigners look alike."- Most American college students don't study, party all of the time, and are ignorant of the outside world. This stereotype is pretty accurate.- Every American owns a gun. Roughly 25 per cent of American adults own a gun, which is extremely high compared to most other countries. But still, the vast majority of Americans do not own guns.FoodIn general, Americans love Chinese food. Chinese and Italian foods are probably the two most popular types of food in the US. However, most of the Chinese food you will find in US restaurants is "Americanized." You probably won't find things like stomach or intestines on the menu. Also, pork is not so popular in the US. Beef and chicken are much more popular in the US than pork. So don't be surprised if many Americans you meet don't like pork.One "food stereotype" that I have encountered among Chinese (and everyone else outside the US) is that all Americans eat McDonald's. I don't have any friends who like McDonald's. I hate it. Everyone I know hates it. I think McDonald's is probably more popular in other countries than it is here in the US. Of course, it is popular to some degree; but ittends to be more popular among certain segments of society than others.。