高考英语完形填空说题稿
高考英语 完形填空 讲解 10篇 (含答案)

完形填空完形填空是一种旨在测试学生英语语言综合运用能力的填空补缺式障碍性阅读。
它以语篇信息为基础,以中心脉络为主线给学生提供解题信息。
主要考查学生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力,包括词汇辨析能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。
是一种集知识和能力于一体,立意新、要求高的综合性语言测试题。
同时也是高考试题中要求最高、难度最大的一种题型。
近年来,高考完形填空在体裁上以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主,有时也会出现说明文和议论文。
记叙文类完形填空是高考中出现频率很高的一类,是高考完形填空中的重要体裁。
记叙文是记人、叙事、写景、状物的文章,有其鲜明的特点。
这些特点构成了记叙文写作的基本要素,例如时间、地点、事件的发展、高潮和结局。
记叙文完形填空素材的选择通常会注重语言材料的思想性、知识性和时代性,语言材料会突出对情感态度、文化意识的渗透,突出其“励志性”和“教育性”,反映主流价值观,彰显正能量。
夹叙夹议类完形填空是近几年高考经常涉及的一类体裁。
这类完形填空的特点是篇幅略长,思路跳跃性强。
记叙和议论在文中交错运用。
有的是以议论引出记叙;有的是在记叙的基础上发表议论。
夹叙夹议文的主题明确,或告诉读者一个道理,或引人思考,或给人乐趣。
夹叙夹议文完形填空突出考查考生对语言的整体理解能力、把握主题的能力、微语境的识别能力、逻辑推理判断能力及对语言的感悟能力。
一般来说,文章记叙的内容积极向上、情节曲折动人、富有知识性和趣味性;文章的议论部分是记叙的升华,兼具教育性和启发性。
这类完形填空重在描述事件或描写人物,因此要完成此类完形填空需要掌握以下几个基本的解题思路:1.了解作者所叙述的故事的四大要素,即:时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、原因(why),以便对文章进行定位,达到全景化理解故事的目的。
2.注意作者写作的逻辑顺序。
根据故事的不同特点,作者在写作时会采用不同的叙述方式。
有顺叙、倒叙和插叙三种方式。
高二下学期英语完形填空并附高考完形3篇

Unit17 完形填空Every four years, mentally disabled athletes come together to take part in the Special Olympics which has now involved 1 sports. Just like the 2 Olympic Games, the 3 are surrounded by grand ceremony and the competition is fierce, 4 there is also a strong 5 of unity and friendship. Each athlete 6 to train for many years and overcome fear and hardships to reach the games. For many of the special Olympic athletes, simply 7 in the games is a victory. Winning is not about being the first one across the finish line or 8 the most goals, but it is about being the best you 9 .Athletes at the Special Olympic are fighters in 10 one way. Living with a mental disability is perhaps the most difficult 11 a human being can face in life. The disability makes everyday life difficult and society often 12 to treat the mentally disabled with 13 and respect. 14 , we have now realized that there is much 15 can be done to help. The Special Olympics is one example of 16 society can improve the quality of life for all its citizens.The first Special Olympics was held in Chicago in 17 . One thousand participants from Canada and the United States competed in three events. At the 2003 Special Olympics in Ireland, more than 6,500 athletes form over 150 countries 18 and the number of different sports increased to seven times as it was at the beginning. Interest in the Special Olympics has spread across the world and cities are now 19 for the honor to host the event. In 2007, the fortieth Special Olympics will 20 in Shanghai. Athletes, their friends, parents and the audience will be proud to welcome Special Olympics to China.1. A. about 10 B. about 15 C. about 20 D. about 302. A. regular B. old C. Special D. new3. A. games B. events C. competitions D. athletes4. A. and B. but C. so D. \5. A. idea B. opinion C. feeling D. sense6. A. has had B. had C. has D. who has7. A. to take part B. taking part C. participate D. join8. A. scoring B. kicking C. to get D. make9. A. are B. want to C. should be D. can be10. A. no more than B. more thanC. onlyD. other11. A. challenge B. challenging C. challenges D. challenged12. A. fails B. failing C. failed D. to fail13. A. honor B. love C. sympathy D. dignity14. A. Fortunately B. Sadly C. publicly D. Recently15. A. that B. which C. what D. they16. A. why B. how C. what D. if17. A. 1886 B. 1932 C. 1895 D. 196818. A. took part B. joined in C. participated in D. attended19. A. searching B. applying C. competing D. voting20. A. take place B. hold C. be holding D. happen2005高考英语辽宁卷Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed. When they got to the South Pole, they found the Norwegians(挪威人)had 36 them in the race to be the first ever to reach it. After 37 the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves 38 they started the 950-mile journey back.The journey was unexpectedly 39 and the joy and excitement about the Pole had gone out of them. The sun hardly 40 . The snow storms always made it impossible to sight the stones they had 41 to mark their way home. To make things 42 . Evans, whom they had all thought of 43 the strongest of the five, fell , badly into a deep hole in the ice. Having 44 along for several days, he suddenly fell down and died.The four who were 45 pushed on at the best speed they could 46 . Captain Oates had been suffering for some time from his 47 fact; at night his feet swelled(肿胀)so large that he could 48 put his boots on the next morning, and he walked bravely although he was in great 49 . He knew his slowness was making it less likely that 50 could save themselves. He asked them to leave him behind in his sleeping-bag, but they refused, and helped him 51 a few more miles, until it was time to put up the 52 for another night.The following morning, 53 the other three were still in their sleeping-bags, he said. “I am just going outside and may be 54 some time.” He was never seen again. He had walked out 55 into the snow storm, hoping that his death would help his companions.36.A.hit B.fought C.won D.beaten37.A.growing B.putting C.planting D.laying38.A.after B.until C.while D.before39.A.safe B.fast C.short D.slow40.A.rose B.set C.appeared D.disappeared 41.A.taken up B.cut up C.set up D.picked up 42.A.easier B.better C.bitter D.worse43.A.to B.upon C.as D.in44.A.battled B.struggled C.speeded D.waited45.A.left B.lost C.defeated D.saved46.A.manage B.try C.employ D.find47.A.ached B.frozen C.harden D.harmed48.A.hardly B.never C.seldom D.nearly49.A.pain B.fear C.trouble D.danger50.A.all others B.some others C.others D.the others 51.A.away B.with C.off D.on52.A.bed B.tent C.blanket D.sleeping-bag 53.A.while B.since C.for D.once54.A.missed B.separated C.passed D.gone55.A.patiently B.lonely C.alone D.worriedly2005高考英语(湖北卷)You are near the front line of a battle .Around you shells are exploding ;people are shooting from a house behind you .What are you doing there? You aren’t a soldier .You aren’t36 carrying agun .You’re standing in front of a37 and you’re telling the TV38 what is happening.It’s all in a day’s work for a war reporter ,and it can be very 39 .In the first two years of the 40 in former Yugoslavia(前南斯拉夫),28 reporters and photographers were killed .Hundreds more were 41 .What kind of people put themselves in danger to 42 pictures to our TV screens and 43 to our newspapers? Why do they do it ?“I think it’s every young journalist’s44 to be a foreign reporter,” says Michael Nicholson, “that’s45 you find the excitement .So when the first opportunity comes ,you take it 46 it is a war.”But there are moments of 47 . Jeremy Bowen says, “Yes ,when you’re lying on the ground and bullets (子弹)are flying 48 your ears ,you think: ‘What am I doing here? I’m not going to do this again.’ But that feeling49 after a while and when the next war starts , you’ll be 50 .”“None of us believes that we’re going to51 ,” adds Michael .But he always52 a lucky charm(护身符)with him .It was given to him by his wife for his first war .It’s a card which says “Take care of yourself.” Does he ever think about dying?“Oh,53 ,and every time it happens you look to the sky and say to God, ‘If you get me out of this ,I54 I’ll never do it again.’ You can almost hear God 55 ,because you know he doesn’t believe you .”36.A.simply B.really C.merely D.even37.A.crowd B.house C.battlefield D.camera 38.A.producers B.viewers C.directors D.actors 39.A.dangerous B.exciting C.normal D.disappointing 40.A.stay B.fight C.war D.life41.A.injured B.buried C.defeated D.saved42.A.bring B.show C.take D.make43.A.scenes B.passages C.stories D.contents44.A.belief B.dream C.duty D.faith45.A.why B.what C.how D.where46.A.even so B.ever since C.as if D.even if47.A.fear B.surprise C.shame D.sadness48.A.into B.around C.past D.through49.A.returns B.goes C.continues D.occurs50.A.there B.away C.out D.home51.A.leave B.escape C.die D.remain52.A.hangs B.wears C.holds D.carries53.A.never B.many times C.some time D.seldom 54.A.consider B.accept C.promise D.guess 55.A.whispering B.laughing C.screaming D.crying2005高考英语(湖南卷)When I was thirteen, my family moved from Boston to Tucson, Arizona. 36 the move, my father 37 us in the living-room on a freezing January night. My sisters and I sat around the fire, not 38 that the universe would suddenly change its course. "In May, we're 39 to Arizona." The words, so small, didn't seem 40 enough to hold my new life. But the world changed and I awoke on a tram moving across the country. I watched the 41_ change from green trees to flatdusty plains to high mountains as I saw strange new plants that 42 mysteries(奥秘) yet to come. Finally, we arrived and 43 into own new home.44 my older sisters were sad at the loss of friends, I 45 explored(探索) ournew surroundings.One afternoon, I was out exploring 46 and saw a new kind of cactus(仙人掌). I crouched (蹲) down for a closer look. "You'd better not 47 that."I turned around to see an old woman"Are you new lo this neighborhood?" I explained that I was, 48 , new to the entire state. "My name is Ina Thorne. Have you got used to life in the 49 ? It must be quite a _50 after living in Boston."How could I explain how I 51 the desert? I couldn't seem to find the right words."It's vastness," she offered. “That vastness52 you stand on the mountains overlooking the desert -- you can 53 how little you are in comparison with the world. _54 , you feel that the possibilities are limitless.”That was it. That was the feeling I'd bad ever since I'd first seen the mountains of my new home. Again, my 55 would change with just a few simple words."Would you like to come to my home tomorrow? Someone should teach you which plant you should and shouldn't touch."36. A. During B. Until C. Upon D. Before37. A. gathered B. warned C. organized D. comforted38. A. hoping B. admitting C. realizing D. believing39. A. going B. moving C. driving D. flying40. A. good B. simple C. big D. proper41 A. picture B. ground C. sense D. area42. A. suggested B. solved C. discovered D.explained43. A. settled B. walked C. hurried D.stepped44. A. If B. After C. once D.While45. A. bitterly B. easily C. proudly D.eagerly46 A as well B. as usual C. fight away D. on time47. A. move B. dig C. pull D. touch48. A. of course B. in fact C. after all D. at least49. A. desert B. city C. state D.country50. A. luck B. doubt C. shock D. danger51. A. found B. examined C. watched D. reached52. A. why B. when C. how D. where53. A. prove B. guess C. sense D. expect54. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile55. A. idea B. life C. home D. familyKey : 1~5 CABBD 6~10 ABADB 11~15AADAA 16~20BDAC辽宁卷:36—40 DCDDC 41—45 CDCBA 46—50 ABAAD 51—55 DBADC湖北:36.D 37.D 38.B 39.A 40.C 41.A 42.A 43.C 44.B 45.D 46.D 47.A 48.C 49.B 50.A 51.C 52.D 53.B 54.C 55.B湖南:36-40 DACBC 41-45 CAADD 46-50 BDBAC 51-55 ABCDB沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>北国风光,千里冰封,万里雪飘。
高中英语完形填空英文说课稿范文

高中英语完形填空英文说课稿范文High School English Cloze Test English Lesson Plan SampleThe English cloze test is a widely used assessment tool in high school English classrooms. It evaluates students' reading comprehension, vocabulary knowledge, and ability to fill in the blanks with appropriate words. Designing an effective cloze test lesson plan requires careful planning and execution to ensure that students not only learn the content but also develop essential language skills.One of the key objectives of a cloze test lesson plan is to help students understand the context and the overall meaning of the passage. This can be achieved by providing students with pre-reading activities that introduce the topic, activate their prior knowledge, and set the stage for the cloze test. For example, the teacher could start the lesson by asking students to discuss the title of the passage or make predictions about the content based on a few keywords or images.During the cloze test itself, students are required to fill in the blanks with the most suitable words based on their understanding of the passage. The teacher should ensure that the selected words are nottoo easy or too difficult, and that they test a range of language skills, such as vocabulary, grammar, and reading comprehension. The teacher should also provide clear instructions and guidelines to the students, emphasizing the importance of considering the context and the overall meaning of the passage when selecting the answers.After the cloze test, the teacher should engage students in post-reading activities that reinforce the key language skills and concepts covered in the passage. This could include discussion questions, vocabulary exercises, or writing tasks that encourage students to apply their newly acquired knowledge. The teacher should also provide feedback and guidance to help students identify their strengths and weaknesses, and develop strategies for improving their performance on future cloze tests.One effective way to enhance the cloze test lesson plan is to incorporate technology-based resources and tools. For example, the teacher could use interactive whiteboards or online platforms to present the passage and the cloze test questions, and provide immediate feedback and support to students. This can help to engage students and make the learning process more interactive and enjoyable.Another important aspect of a successful cloze test lesson plan is the assessment and evaluation of student learning. The teacher shoulduse a variety of assessment methods, such as formative assessments during the lesson and summative assessments at the end of the unit, to monitor student progress and identify areas for improvement. This can help to ensure that students are not only learning the content but also developing the necessary language skills and strategies to succeed in future cloze test assessments.In conclusion, designing an effective cloze test lesson plan is a critical component of high school English instruction. By focusing on developing students' reading comprehension, vocabulary knowledge, and language skills, teachers can help their students become more confident and successful in tackling cloze test challenges. Through careful planning, engaging activities, and effective assessment strategies, teachers can create a learning environment that fosters students' language development and prepares them for academic success.。
高考英语完形填空(正稿)

高考英语完形填空满分秘籍完形填空是高考英语试题中的核心题型,能否突破完形填空的解题能力是考生能否在高考中取得优异成绩的关键。
下面从高考完形填空的命题倾向、解题方法、解题技巧三个方面分析高考完形填空,作者衷心希望此文能够真正帮助考生在高考中考出优异成绩。
高考完形填空命题倾向高考英语试题第三部分:英语知识运用第一节(完形填空):共20小题,每小题1.5分。
满分30分。
在一篇250 词左右的短文中留出20 个空白(通常第一句不留空),要求考生从每题所给的4个选择中选出最佳选项,使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
通过对《考试说明》和最近十年的完形填空进行深入的分析可知高考命题特点和倾向:1.文章短,挖空多一般说来,文章越短,挖空密度越大,失去的语言信息就越多,理解文章的难度就越大,解答试题的难度也就相应增加。
2.选材多样化高考选材根据2017年《课程标准》的要求,网络人与自我、人与自然、人与社会三大主题,出现多样化的趋势。
过去以描写性的叙述文体为主,现在应用文、说明文、夹叙夹议、议论文都可能出现。
而且所选短文内容逻辑性强,文章结构严谨,层次分明。
3.保留提示句不挖空高考完形填空都在文章开头保留了一个完整的提示句。
这有助于考生理解文章内容,为考生做好完形填空奠定基础。
4.选择最佳答案完形填空题目下面与一句话:阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后各题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。
这就要求考生在答题时应通篇考虑,掌握大意,综合运用有关知识答题。
这对考生的语篇理解能力提出了较高要求。
5.情景意义选择为主,语法选择极少高考完形填空已没有纯语法选择,只有极少的“语法加意义”选择,即:该小题既有语法排除的内容,又有意义选择的内容。
目前高考完形填空基本上都是情景意义选择,即无需语法知识,而是根据文章内容来确定。
这就要求考生根据文章的整体内容,分层次的结构和内容的逻辑关系,去选择符合文章情景的最佳答案。
6.单词填空为主,短语或词组极少高考完形填空短语或词组填空都在0—3 个。
高中英语说题-完型讲课讲稿

高中英语说题-完型讲课讲稿大家好,今天我们要一起探讨的是高中英语完型填空题。
完型填空题是一种综合性很强的题型,它不仅考查我们对词汇、语法的掌握,还考查我们的阅读理解能力、逻辑推理能力以及上下文语境的把握能力。
下面,我将从命题特点、解题技巧和实例分析三个方面来进行讲解。
一、命题特点完型填空题的命题形式通常是在一篇短文中挖去若干个单词,然后要求我们根据上下文语境将它们还原。
短文通常是一篇记叙文或议论文,长度在200-300词之间。
挖去的单词主要是实词,包括动词、名词、形容词、副词等,偶尔也会涉及到连词、介词等。
二、解题技巧1.通读全文,了解大意。
在开始答题之前,一定要先通读全文,了解文章的大意和结构。
这样可以为我们后续的解题提供线索和方向。
2.逐句阅读,理解语境。
在通读全文的基础上,我们要逐句阅读,理解每个句子的意思和语境。
尤其是对于那些挖去的单词,我们要尝试从上下文中推断出它们的意义。
3.全面考虑,选择答案。
在理解了语境之后,我们要全面考虑每个选项的可能性,结合上下文进行推理。
有时候,某个选项可能从语法上来说是正确的,但放在语境中却不太合适。
因此,我们要注重整体性和连贯性。
4.复查答案,确保无误。
在完成所有题目之后,我们要再次通读全文,检查答案是否符合上下文语境。
如果有任何不合适的选项,要及时进行修正。
三、实例分析下面我们来看一个具体的例子:I had a ______ with my best friend yesterday. We ______ for a long time before we agreed on the date of the meeting.A. discussionB. argumentC. disagreementD. fight这道题目考查的是名词辨析和语境理解。
首先,根据第一句话中的“had a ______ with my best friend yesterday”可以推断出我和我的朋友之间可能发生了不愉快的事情。
超实用高考英语复习:完形填空说题课件

But on the last night we were 50 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 51 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 52 part of my tent.
36. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
37. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
38. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared
D. excited
一、命题立意以及能力说明
此文本是2021年1月浙江高考完形填空,选材贴近生活现实,主要讲述了作者 参加志愿者活动,帮忙用岩石建造楼梯,学会要勇敢面对人生中的困难的故事。 本文落实了立德树人根本任务,进一步促进学生英语学科核心素养。
本题具有适当的难度和必要的区分度。考查考生在一定的语言环境中综合运用 语言知识的能力。包括: 1) 词语辨析能力 2) 语法结构分析能力 3) 语篇理解能力 4) 逻辑推理能力 5) 文化背景透析能力 6) 作者意图剖析能力 7) 生活常识综合运用能力
完型填空---全国卷说题稿

试题扩展
• • • • 1.Where did the story happen? 2.Why was the old man in a hurry? 3.Did his wife recognize him? 4.What can you learn from the passage?
试题扩展
涉及的主要知识点
• 知识点涉及全面,主要在结合上下文具体 语境的基础上考查了: • 1.动词和动词短语(如37,39,41,42, 47,51,54) • 2.名词(如36,43,50,52,55) • 3.连词(如38) • 4.形容词和副词(40,44,46,49,53) • 5.分词(45,48)
B. test
C. seat
D.
Байду номын сангаас
B. promising C. understanding D. telling B. before C. since D. after B. fixing C. looking at D. winding B. also C. seldom D. not B. show off C. come on D. go away B. forgot C. agreed D. happened B. wife C. mother D. sister B. well C. around D. there B. worried C. doubtful D. hungry B. neither C. no longer D. already B. answer C. believe D. expect B. disappointed C. surprised D.
说题流程
• • • • 1.命题立意及能力水平考查 2.涉及的主要知识点 3.如何讲解及指导考生解答 4.试题变式及扩展
高中英语演讲稿格式完形填空题20题答案解析版

高中英语演讲稿格式完形填空题20题答案解析版1English speech is of great significance. It can help us improve our language skills and boost our confidence. An English speech is like a window to the world. It allows us to express our thoughts and ideas in a foreign language. In an English speech competition, we can show our talents and abilities. We can also learn from others and improve ourselves.1. An English speech is like ___ window to the world.A. aB. anC. theD. /答案:A。
这里表示“一个窗户”,用不定冠词,window 是以辅音音素开头,所以用a。
B 选项an 用于元音音素开头的单词前;C 选项the 表示特指;D 选项不符合语法规则。
2. In ___ English speech competition, we can show our talents and abilities.A. aB. anC. theD. /答案:B。
这里表示“一场英语演讲比赛”,用不定冠词,English 是以元音音素开头,所以用an。
A 选项a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前;C 选项the 表示特指;D 选项不符合语法规则。
3. An English speech is of great significance ___ us.A. toB. forC. withD. at答案:B。
be of significance for sb.对某人有意义,是固定搭配。
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高考英语完形填空说题稿
导语:
尊敬的评委,大家好!
我抽到的题目是()号题,试题考查的内容是(),在整个试卷中的地位是(),下面我就以下几个方面来解读分析此题。
1.命题立意及能力水平说明
2.本题涵盖的主要知识点
3.分析学生学情,知错纠错
4.指导学生解答及教师分析讲解
5.试题变式及扩展
6.备考建议及自我小结
说题过程表述
一、命题立意和能力水平说明
1.命题原则上:“突出语篇,强调应用,注重交际”
此文本选材新颖,是一篇的文章。
主要讲述
在命题上具有现代气息,它遵循了原汁原味,贴近时代,贴近生活的原则,且语篇融合了思想性,教育性。
干扰项设计严密,四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴,干扰项填入后在语法上一般不存在错误,对考生有很大的迷惑作用。
命题符合《考试说明》中对阅读理解语言知识与语言运用能力的考核目标与要求。
2.能力上:本题具有较高的信度、效度,适当的难度和必要的区分度。
考查考生在一定的语言环境中综合运用语言知识的能力。
包括:
1) 词语辨析能力
2) 语法结构分析能力
3) 语篇理解能力
4) 逻辑推理能力
5) 文化背景透析能力
6) 作者意图剖析能力
7) 生活常识综合运用能力
二、本题涵盖的主要知识点
完形填空考什么?——词汇、句际关系和语篇理解
溯源,回归课本”的理念,因此我们在高考复习中应当充分重视教材,研究教材,汲取教材的营养价值,发挥课本的示范功能.
(2)完形填空多考查实词,重视对实词在具体语境中词义辨析的考查。
另外,根据高考完形填空对虚词的考查情况来看,高考完形填空会设置一些情景判断和行文逻辑推理题,间或考查在文中起衔接作用的过渡词。
三、学情分析,知错纠错
只有清楚学生的错误原因,才能在教学中采取有效的方法,有针对性地训练,才能事半功倍。
1.没有严格遵循答题步骤:很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案,不认真分析通篇文章,单纯求快,忽略语篇理解,只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构。
表面上解题速度挺快,但是这种见树不见林的做法只会影响解题的质量和效率。
2. 不注意积累答题技巧:
a.忽略文章首句的提示作用;
b.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;
c.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.
3.时间安排不当:在几个选项上过分纠缠,追求完美,导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。
四、指导学生解答及教师分析讲解
解题主要从以下四步做起:
总的原则:“先完意,后完形”。
第一步重视首尾句。
完形填空一般无标题,首、尾句通常是不挖空的。
先跳读这两句,便可判断体裁,猜想它要讲什么。
若首句交代了when, where, who, what,即四个W,那么就是记叙文,很可能就是一个故事,为了测试语篇的理解能力,出题者特别注意选材的趣味性,其结尾往往出人意料,耐人寻味;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物,一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点,那么就是议论文。
首句往往开宗明义,是文章的主题。
细读首句可启示全文。
而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。
所以,它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口,对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。
因此,要充分利用段首句提供的信息,去挖掘文章的思路,寻找文章的脉络与线索。
第二步速读全文,掌握大意。
速读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方,仍要快速读下去。
读时要注意找出关键词、中心词,划出某些代表人物和情节的词,以便于形成思路。
要注意不要在未掌握大意的基础上,边阅读,边做题,这样速度慢、准确率低。
第三步瞻前顾后,灵活答题。
“瞻前顾后”,即先读所填词的句子,回顾上一句,兼顾下一句。
如果一句中有两个空白待填,在初定答案时要“双管齐下”,在两处同时试填,然后通读全句,确定答案。
答题方法:1)择优法:根据文章及结构边读边填,如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的,不必再去逐个考证其余答案。
2)排除法:如答案一时难以确定,可按空格位置,从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面,对选项逐项分析试填。
排除干扰项,从而确定正确答案。
第四步复核全文,调整答案。
把填好的短文通读一遍,进行核查同时注意以下三点:
1.上下文的一致性:即时态语态的一致;代词、名词、单复数的一致。
2.从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手,看是否符合上下文的逻辑。
3.段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。
这次复核至关重要,常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。
同时对极难确定的答案,也要凭语感任猜一个,决不可不选。
具体分析讲解:
(一)词汇题
1. 根据上下文语境和前后句的提示(复现、同/近义词、反义词)确定最佳选项近年来完形填空在选项的设置上越来越淡化语法结构,重在文意的干扰,即把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去,考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示,对整体文意进行把握的能力。
这种考查方式所占的比例较大,且难度也大,若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析,或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的,若放在全局,则不一定正确。
因此,快速浏览全文,领悟文章主旨,通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。
2.根据词语的习惯用法和固定搭配来选择答案词的固定搭配,特别是动词的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例也是比较大的,多数题目涉及到动词的用法和各种搭配关系,这是由动词在句子中的重要性决定的。
动词在搭配关系上与名词、介词、副词的用法紧密相关。
解决这类题目要求考生多读、多记,对所学习语或固定搭配牢固掌握,并能灵活运用。
3.根据词汇的意义及用法结合语境辨析词义从而确定答案。
完形填空题的考查虽然越来越淡化语法,但对语言点的考查依然存在,不过主要体现在词汇搭配和语义辨析两个方面。
要做好这种题目,必须尽量将词语辨析与情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来,从词汇意义入手,抓住情节线索解决问题。
4.根据动作发出者确定所选的词
5根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理。
高考完形填空往往以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息,其间交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识,考查考生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。
解决这类题目,考生不仅要有广博的知识、丰富的生活经历,还要能够驾驭全文,不仅理解文章的表层意义,而且要弄清文章的深层意义。
当对语言的把握不很准确时,可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断。
(二)句际关系
1.语法手段
完形填空虽然以语境填空为主,但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。
对于这类题,考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识,分析单词(组)的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物,并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。
2.逻辑手段
尝试从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握,就会不无惊喜地发现逻辑关系才是征服完形填空的最佳途径。
所谓逻辑关系并不缥缈,它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。
通过逻辑关系的方法,我们可以通过确切、具体的线索,把答案的逻辑意义推测出来,从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。
这样做,使得题目的难度大大降低。
(1) 句中逻辑关系(2) 句间逻辑关系(3) 段间逻辑关系
(三)语篇整体理解
主题,作者观点、态度
五、试题变式及扩展
六、备考建议及自我小结
备考建议:
1.熟练运用,而非机械记忆英语语法和英语语句、惯用法的搭配。
语法知识越丰富,单词越熟练,阅读速度就越快,对文章得理解就越全面、深刻和准确。
完形填空不直接考察语法,而是通过检查理解程度间接的考查语法。
2.丰富词汇知识和提高词汇辨析能力。
单词的语法知识是基础中的基础。
在阅读中要注意形近和近义词在含义和语法搭配上的差异。
3.熟练掌握阅读技巧,提高语篇阅读能力,要在快速阅读时留意关键的信息词句。
完形填空的主旨在于考察阅读理解能力,而不是字斟句酌的能力,所以要学会扫读、略读和寻读,以加快阅读速度,并善于抓语篇的关键词句、主题句和结论句。
4.加强语篇、语境和语义的概念体系,将语言知识灵活准确地加以运用,只有正确理解语境、语义,才能把握文章的脉络。
要增加知识和阅读的储备量,扩大知识面,既要理解字面意思,也要理解深层含义,根据所给材料,形成正确的逻辑推断能力,锐化思维。
较强的逻辑思维能力有助于对文章深层次意义的理解,它能使“完形”恢复文章的原貌,变得更加容易。
总之,要突破完形填空这个难关,每个考生都必须认真对待,进行强化训练,既要做足量练习,又要避免不加选择的重复练习,要有针对性。
日积月累,一定会大有进步。
自我小结:
1. 教师可以从不同的切入点对这道题进行讲解,产生的结果也是不同的。
2. 了解命题思路和命题结构的同时,还要把握高考的方向。
同时更要关注学生的情感教育。
3. 对于不同学校,不同基础的学生,试题的指导还需要细化。
同时在方法上,应该更加突出学生的主体地位,培养他们自主学习的能力。
以上是本人对这个试题的理解分析,请评委批评指正。