彭博终端机相关说明earnings season
国际商务英语写作模板商业计划书
国际商务英语写作模板：商业计划书篇一：商业计划书模板---英文版精编资料商业计划书模板---英文版BUSINESS PLAN TEMPLATEBUSINESS PLAN[My Company]123 Main StreetAnytown, USA 10000123-4567[Your Name][DATE]TABLE OF CONTENTS...商业计划书商业计划书模板---英文版BUSINESS PLAN TEMPLATEBUSINESS PLAN[My Company]123 Main StreetAnytown, USA 10000123-45671[Your Name][DATE]2TABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive Summary ....................................................................................... (1)Management ................................................................................ (2)[Company] History ............................................................................................ . (5)[Product/Service] Description ................................................................................... .. (7)Objectives....................................................................................... . (9)Competitors ................................................................................. .. (10)Competitive Advantages ................................................................................... . (11)Innovation ..................................................................................... . (13)Pricing ............................................................................................ .. (14)Specific Markets .......................................................................................... . (15)Growth Strategy .......................................................................................... . (16)Market Size and Share ............................................................................................... . (17)Targeting New Markets .......................................................................................... .. (18)Location ......................................................................................... (19)Manufacturing Plan .................................................................................................. (20)Research &Development ............................................................................... (21)Historical Financial Data ................................................................................................. .. (22)Proforma Financial Data ................................................................................................. .. (23)Proforma Balance Sheet ............................................................................................... . (26)Cost Control ........................................................................................... (27)Effects of Loan or Investment .................................................................................... . (28)Attachments ................................................................................. . (29)3Executive Summary [My Company] was formed asa [proprietorship, partnership, corporation] in [Month, Year] in [City, State], by [John Doe] in response to the following market conditions:[Startup, growth] opportunities exist in [Product/Service].The need for use of efficient distribution (转载于: 小龙文档网:国际商务英语写作模板：商业计划书)and financial methods in these overlooked markets.[I/We] have several customers who are willing to place large [orders,contracts] within the next three months.Several other prospective [customers/clients] have expressed serious interest in doing business within six months. [I/We] previously owned a company that was active in the widget markets. Over the past few years I spent much time studying ways to improve overall performance and increase profits. This plan is a result of that study. The basic components of this plan are:1. Competitive pricing2. Expand the markets3. Increased advertising4. Lower our unit costs,5. Thereby achieving higher profits.1. Sign contracts2. Increased advertising3. Increase office staffTo this end, [I/we] need investment from private individuals and/or companies. A total of $XXX is being raised which will be used to finance working capital, plant and equipment. The company will be incorporated and common stock issued to investors. The company will be run as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation].Financial Goals Sales Net Income Earnings pershareYear 1 $25,000 .01 Year 2 $250,000 .12 Year 3 $375,000 .141Management[Name] [Title]??[Experience]??Sales growth from zero to $1,000,000 in five years.??Led market in market share - 30%.Formulated advertising budgets & campaigns.Pioneered new distribution channels. Established national sales force.Established national repair & service centers.Brought new and innovative products to the market.Designed point-of-purchase materials.[Education}University of BostonBoston, MA- Computer SciencesPresidentJohn Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer, and Director since February 1988 and President since January 1990. Mr. Doe was the founder and Chief Executive Officer of the original operating company known as Random Excess, Inc. He has had experience in the widget field with his own firm, John Doe Co., of Oshkosh (Wisconsin), from 1980 to 1987. This firm was sold to FatCat Widgets, Inc. in 1987.篇二：商务英语写作(商业计划书写作格式)商务英语写作:商业计划书写作格式XX-03-24 13:39:08 来源：爱词霸资讯官网封面(Title page)企业的名称和地址Name and address of business负责人的姓名和地址Name(s) and address(es) of principals企业的性质Nature of business报告机密性的陈述Statement of confidentiality目录(Table of contents)1. 概述/总结(Executive summary)2. 行业及市场分析(Industry analysis)对未来的展望和发展趋势(Future outlook and trends)竞争者分析(Analysis of competitors)市场划分(Market segmentation)行业预测(Industry forecasts)3. 企业的描述(The description of the venture)企业的宗旨和目标（Mission statement and objectives）产品或服务的描述(Description of the product or service)企业的规模(Size of business)产品的进一步开发(Future potential/product development)竞争优势(Competitive advantage)办公设备和人员(Office equipment and personnel)创业者的背景(Backgrounds of entrepreneurs)4. 生产计划(Production plan)制造进程/被分包的数量(Manufacturing process / amount subcontracted)选址(Location)厂房(Physical plant）机械和设备(Machinery and equipment）原材料的供给情况(Sources of raw materials to be supplied)生产能力和提高的可能性(Output limitations，if any，and scale-up possibilities）质量控制计划(Quality control plans)5. 营销计划(The marketing plan)定价(Pricing)分销(Distribution)促销(Promotion)产品预测(Product forecasts)预见的涨价(Anticipated mark-up)竞争对手的反映(Competitors’response)市场份额预测(Market share projection)控制(Controls)6. 组织计划(Organizational plan)所有权的形式(Form of ownership)合作者或主要股权所有人的身份(Identification of partners or principal shareholders)负责人的权利(Authority of principals)管理层成员的背景(Management team background)组织成员的角色和责任(Roles and responsibilities of members of organization)7. 风险与对策分析(Assessment of risks)企业弱点的评价(Evaluate weakness if business)新技术(New technologies)应急计划(Contingency plan)8. 财务计划(Financial plan)各类业绩比率和投资回报(Summary of performance ratios, ROI etc.)销售预测(Sales forecasts)财务预测的假设(Assumptions underpinning financial forecasts)损益表(Income statement / Profit and lossstatement)预测现金流量表(Cash flow projections)资产欠债预估表(Pro forma balance sheet)量本利分析(Break-even analysis)资金来源和运用(Sources and applications of funds)9. 融资需求(Financing requirements)融资前的活动小结(Summary of operations prior to financing)此刻的股东和未付债款(Current shareholders, loans outstanding)资金需要量及时间(Funds required and timing)投资回报(The deal on offer)资本欠债比率和盈利与利息比率(Anticipated gearing and interest cover)投资者退出方式(Exit routes for investors)附录(Appendix)1. 管理人员简历(Management team biographies)2. 职业咨询人员背景(Names and details of professional advisors)3. 技术参数和图纸(Technical data and drawings)4. 专利、版权、设计等(Details of patents,copyright, designs）5. 审计的报表(Audited accounts)6. 信件(Letters)7. 市场调研数据(Market research data)8. 租约或合同(Leaser or contracts)9. 供给商的报价单(Price lists from suppliers)10. 客户的定单(Orders from customers)篇三：英文商业计划书模板英语商业计划书（Business Plan）第一讲：概述第二讲：现状分析第三讲：目标肯定第四讲：组织结构第五讲：产品分析第六讲：市场分析第七讲：市场策略第八讲：生产分析第九讲：财务分析第十讲：附件第一讲：概述(executive summary)概述是整个商业计划的第一部份，相当于整个商业计划的浓缩，使整个商业计划的精华所在。
NetCapitalExpenditures：净资本支出
- Amortization of R&D
= $ 485 mil
+ Acquisitions
= $ 2,516 mil
Adjusted Net Capital Expenditures
= $3,723 mil
(Amortization was included in the depreciation number)
7.04%
8.23%
Aswath Damodaran
120
Dividends and Cash Flows to Equity
In the strictest sense, the only cash flow that an investor will receive from an equity investment in a publicly traded firm is the dividend that will be paid on the stock.
In general, the net capital expenditures will be a function of how fast a firm is growing or expecting to grow. High growth firms will have much higher net capital expenditures than low growth firms.
• managers like to hold on to cash to meet unforeseen future contingencies and
investment opportunities
When actual dividends are less than potential dividends, using a model that focuses only on dividends will under state the true value of the equity in a firm.
SHARP EL-738夏普计算器(中文说明书)
第五章：统计函数 ........................................................ 64
统计计算和变量 .................................................................67
附录 ............................................................................. 72
操作注意事项
• 请不要将您的计算器放在衣服后袋内以防止您坐下时毁坏计算 器。显示屏由玻璃制成且极易破碎。 • 计算器应避开极热的环境，例如：汽车仪表盘上或加热器周围， 并避免暴露于过度潮湿或灰尘弥漫的环境。 • 由于该产品不能防水，所以禁止在如水这样的能够溅到计算器 上的液体环境中使用或存储。雨滴、水雾、果汁、咖啡、蒸汽、 汗液等物体也可能会导致功能故障。 • 请使用柔软的干布擦拭。禁止使用溶剂或湿布。 • 避免计算器跌落地面或施加过大力量。 • 严禁将电池置于火中进行任何处理。 • 请将电池置于儿童接触不到的地方。 • 本产品（包括附件在内）可能会由于升级而功能发生改变，恕 不事先通知。
• 除非另外赋值， 本说明书中的范例使用缺省设置（例如：SET UP 菜单项）执行。
第一章
使用前的准备
准备使用计算器
在第一次使用本计算器之前，您必须对其进行复位（初始化） 。
复位计算器
用圆珠笔笔尖或类似物体按下位于计算 器背面的 RESET 开关。严禁使用尖头 易断裂的或过于尖锐的物体。
• 计算器复位后，出现 NORMAL 模式初始显示屏。
第三章：金融函数 ........................................................ 17
草根“彭博”万得之路
草根“彭博”万得之路“还有15%的机构客户不是我们的用户”在08年的上海证券报上，有这么条张扬的广告。
落款为：“上海万得信息技术股份有限公司”。
它是一家土生土长的上海的金融资讯信息提供商。
2007年，万得资讯已经有1200多家金融机构客户、3万多个金融终端，包括100%的全国商业性银行、100%的基金公司、85%的证券公司、78%的保险公司、75%的QFII机构以及众多的海外金融机构。
目前的预测数据显示2009年它拥有5万个客户终端，营业收入为3.5个亿，员工为500人左右。
2009年万得荣获由国家发展改革委员会、工业和信息化部、商务部、税务总局四部委联合颁发的‘2009年度国家级重点软件企业’称号；2010年9月13日下午，中央政治局委员，上海市委书记俞正声同志等一行市政府领导莅临万得资讯总部视察调研工作。
就在最近，真正的“彭博”：Bloomberg在接受第一财经周刊记者专访时，谈到Bloomberg今明2年在中国的新战略的同时，也无可避免地提到了草根“彭博”：万得资讯。
万得的终端产品目前已成为中国金融市场中市场占有率第一的终端产品。
万得资讯是如何成长为今天的金融市场资讯霸主的，以及万得今后的路该怎么走，战略该如何定，可以从波特5个方面的竞争力来分析。
产业内既有竞争者的竞争万得于1994年中国证券市场刚起步的时候成立。
同期成立的还有港澳资讯、聚源数据、巨灵数据三家公司，经过十几年的市场淘汰。
目前的市场格局为：港澳资讯2008年被新华都集团收购，2009年“打工皇帝”唐骏亲自担任公司董事长，目前办公地点在环球金融中心，员工数为500人；聚源数据2009年被恒生电子（600570）收购，作为恒生电子证券业整体解决方案的资讯数据源的角色存在；巨灵数据2006年被金融界（NASDAQ：JRJC）收购，作为其数据提供商，金融界又于2008年收购证券之星（）扩大其财经资讯覆盖面。
在行业内，国内的竞争产品有：港澳资讯的“度量衡”；聚源数据的“E财讯”；财汇信息的财汇金融分析平台（FC Station）（基于财汇强大的金融数据库的高端应用系统，面向中国证券市场的本土和海外资产管理机构，集即时报价、历史数据、新闻资讯和分析工具于一体，FC Station 着眼于中国证券市场的本土特色和国际化趋势，为包括基金管理公司、证券公司、保险公司资产管理部门、商业银行、投资公司等在内的机构投资者提供覆盖面广泛的财经资讯和基本面数据以及专业金融分析工具，能帮助机构投资者做出充分占有信息条件下的投资决策，提高资产管理效能。
常用英语缩写(经济、会计、金融)
经济会计金融常用英文缩写--—--—--—-—-——-———------------———-—--—-----—-——-—-—-———-——--—-—————---—--——--—--Abb. English Chinesea accepted 承兑AA Auditing Administration （中国)审计署AAA 最佳等级abs. abstract 摘要a/c，A/C account 帐户、帐目a/c，A/C account current 往来帐户、活期存款帐户A＆C addenda and corrigenda 补遗和勘误Acc。
acceptance or accepted 承兑Accrd.Int accrued interest 应计利息Acct。
account 帐户、帐目Acct。
accountant 会计师、会计员Acct。
accounting 会计、会计学Acct。
No. account number 帐户编号、帐号Acct。
Tit。
account title 帐户名称、会计科目ACN air consignment 航空托运单a/c no. account number 帐户编号、帐号Acpt. acceptance or accepted 承兑A/CS Pay。
accounts payable 应付帐款A/CS Rec. accounts receivable 应收帐款ACT advance corporation tax 预扣公司税ACU Asia Currency Unit 亚洲货币单位A.C.V actual cash value 实际现金价值a。
d。
，a/d after date 开票后、出票后ADRS asset depreciation range system 固定资产分组折旧法Adv. advance 预付款ad.val。
，A/V ad valorem to （according value）从价Agt。
Bloomberg 分析
Bloomberg Overview
•
-Growth Rate ~10 % for the past 5 years -Operating Margin ~35% -Americas (~40%) CEMA (~25%), -Asia (~20%) and UKI (~15%)
Jan 2011, reached 300,000 Sales Mark • Building social network type of stickiness around its terminal
• Peaked in November, 2008 at 286,800, Witnessed a fall of ~4% (11,470 terminals) • Bounced back since August 2009
350,000
310,000
300,000
274,000 247,000
*Estimates based on Press Releases, WSJ, Outsell, Fortune Magazine, Inside Market Data, Strategy Team Analysis ** Transaction revenues consists of revenue from Tradebook and data-licensing 6
• • •
Product and Offerings
- Business Segments
Bloomberg Customer Support Strategic Summary (Includes - RDEs, Commercial Policy,)
- Terminal and Content strategy - Non financial and New expansion strategies
Bloomberg使用指令
Bloomberg培训课程基本指令汇总研究所用户——用户名：YJSYJS密码：YJSYJS一、功能键F1——帮助键F2——国债F3——公司债券F4——抵押债券，可看房贷信息（美国）F5——货币市场F6——地方债券（美国）F7——优先股F8——股票F9——大宗商品，包含现货和期货F10——指数，宏观统计数据F11——货币，外汇F12——自建投资组合MENU——返回上一级目录页面PAGE back——返回上一页PAGE fwd——进入下一页二、基本指令HL——搜索功能，类似于google。
进入后，可输入关键字、选择股票类型范围，国家范围等条件，进行检索。
LANG——语言设定。
Bloomberg共给出10种语言，可根据需要选择语言界面。
也可直接键入LANG1 ——表示用英语界面，LANG10 ——表示用中文界面三、宏观数据指令EPR ——世界交易所代码列表。
WEI ——世界股票指数列表，检索指数代码。
FXC——世界主要货币货币交叉汇率列表。
F11 TK ——全球货币价值。
是以某一货币为基准货币，对比全球其他主要货币价值。
还可利用该指令查询主要货币代码。
IBQ——Bloomberg 编制的行业指数列表。
QSRC——股票检索。
可设定不同的条件：国家，交易所，行业……进行股票池的建立。
F8 TKI ——Bloomberg对世界股票的分类。
可查出某类行业全世界上市公司股票列表。
ECMX ——全球经济数据矩阵。
ECST——全球经济统计数据。
IB HELP——Bloomberg 24小时在线服务四、指数数据指令1、根据WEI 功能选取所需要的指数代码。
例如：标普500指数代码为SPX，上证综合指数代码为SHCOMPW，沪深300指数代码为SHSZ300。
2、进入所选择的指数，例如，察看标普500指数，输入指令为：SPX F103、查看某指数各方面的情况，可直接点页面上所列的功能项，也可输入指令，常用的指令有：MEMB——指数成份股列表DES——指数简介IMN——指数行情显示MOV——指数驱动股列表TRA——指数各个股票总回报分析RV——相对价值分析五、股票数据指令1、进入某一指股票，键入命令格式为：股票代码交易所代码F8例如，查看长江电力，键入命令为：600900 CH F82、查看某股票各方面的情况，可直接点页面上所列的功能项，也可输入指令，常用的指令有：BETA ——察看BETA值。
管理咨询工具SME实用手册中英文版
最新资料，WORD文档，可下载编辑！SME实用手册SME Manual本手册指在帮助中小企业所有人在自己企业内建立操作手册。
The manual is designed to assist SME owners to implement an operations amnaul within their business.目录TABLE OF CONTENTS概述OVERVIEW ..................................................................... 经营手册Operations Manual .......................................................... 企业概述Business Overview .......................................................... 人力资源管理HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT .............................................. 雇佣政策Employment Policies ........................................................ 员工记录Team Member Records ........................................................ 招聘和选拔Recruitment and Selection ................................................ 业绩管理Performance Management ..................................................... 培训Training ....................................................................... 沟通和激励Communication and Motivation ............................................. 职业健康和安全Occupational Health and Safety ....................................... 客户服务CUSTOMER SERVICE ........................................................... 服务标准Service Standards .......................................................... 顾客选择Customer Selection ......................................................... 顾客反馈Customer Feedback .......................................................... 市场营销MARKETING .................................................................. 企业识别Corporate Identity ......................................................... 战略营销Strategic Marketing ........................................................ 公共关系Public Relations ........................................................... 采购和存货管理PURCHASING AND STOCK MANAGEMENT ...................................... 采购Purchasing ..................................................................... 存货管理Stock Management ........................................................... 行政管理ADMINISTRATION ............................................................. 电话、信息和电子邮件Telephone, Messages and Email .................................. 邮件和重要信函Mail and Couriers .................................................... 计算机和互联网Computers and the Internet ........................................... 安全Security ....................................................................... 会计ACCOUNTING ................................................................... 应付账款Creditors .................................................................. 应收账款Debtors .................................................................... 银行往来账Bank Accounts ............................................................ 固定资产Fixed Assets ............................................................... 领导能力LEADERSHIP .................................................................概述OVERVIEW经营手册Operations Manual经营手册的目的Purpose of the Operations Manual本经营手册旨在提供必要的资源, 以帮助员工改进工作表现, 并帮助企业达成目标。
ATP 交易系统说明书（客户端版）
ATP交易系统V6.0使用说明书(客户端版) ATPlatform Technology Limited 2020年10月26日目录系统入门 (5)1.1登陆 (5)1.2注销 (5)1.3退出 (5)1.4修改密码 (5)1.5语言 (6)1.6系统界面 (6)账户栏 (8)2.1账户信息 (8)报价区 (8)3.1报价区显示 (8)3.2合约组管理 (9)3.2.1合约添加/删除/调整顺序 (9)3.2.2合约组添加/删除/重命名 (9)3.3切换报价档数 (10)3.4切换合约组 (10)3.5多视图报价 (10)3.6二十档报价 (10)3.7合约报价区 (10)3.8打开K线图 (11)3.9添加价格监控 (12)合约区 (15)4.1合约区展示 (15)4.2添加合约到报价区 (15)4.3合约表设置 (15)策略区 (16)5.1策略展示 (16)5.2策略添加\修改\删除\调整顺序 (17)5.3策略单模式 (18)5.4快速下单 (19)5.5多视图策略 (19)下单区 (20)6.1普通单下单方向模式 (20)6.2限价单 (21)6.3市价单 (21)6.4市价止损单 (22)6.5限价止损单 (22)6.6 Iceberg单 (23)6.7策略单 (23)6.8 Stop 单 (25)6.9 Gain Best 单 (25)6.10止盈止损单 (26)6.11定时单 (27)6.12快速下单 (28)6.13.批量下单 (29)挂单区 (30)7.1挂单区展示 (30)7.2普通单 (30)7.3自动单 (30)自动单区 (32)成交单区 (33)9.1明细 (33)9.2按单 (33)9.3合并 (33)9.4锁定滚动条 (34)经纪行持仓区 (35)连接状态 (35)撤单限制 (36)日志区 (38)状态栏 (39)菜单 (39)14.1窗口 (39)14.2帮助 (40)系统设置 (40)15.1默认选项 (40)15.2 声音设置 (42)15.2.1 系统默认 (42)15.2.2用户自定义 (42)15.3字体设置 (43)界面布局 (44)16.1布局展示 (44)16.2改变布局 (44)16.3界面管理 (45)16.3.1新建布局 (45)16.3.2重置布局 (46)16.3.3切换布局 (46)16.3.4删除布局 (46)系统入门1.1登陆●选择系统语言。
会计学原理FinancialAccountingbyRobertLibby第八版第十一
会计学原理FinancialAccountingbyRobertLibby第八版第十一Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityChapter 11Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ Equity__ TO __NS1. A corporation is a separate legal entity (authorized by law to operate as an individual).It is owned by a number of persons and/or entities whose ownership is evidenced by shares of capital stock. Its primary advantages are: (a) transferability of ownership, (b) limited liability to the owners, and (c) the ability to accumulate large amounts of resources. 2. The charter of a corporation is a legal document from the state that authorizes itscreation as a separate legal entity. The charter specifies the name of the entity, its purpose, and the kinds and number of shares of capital stock it can issue. 3. (a) Authorized capitalstock―the maximum number of shares of stock that can be sold and issued as specified in the charter of the corporation.(b) Issued capital stock―the total number of shares of capital stock that havebeen issued by the corporation at a particular date. (c) Outstanding capital stock―the number of shares currently owned by thestockholders.4. Common stock―the usual or normal stock of the corporation. It is the voting stockand generally ranks after the preferred stock for dividends and assets distributed upon dissolution. Often it is called the residual equity. Common stock may be either par value or no-par value.Preferred stock―when one or more additional classes of stock are issued, the additional classes are called preferred stock. Preferred stock has modifications that make it different fromcommon stock. Generally, preferred stock has both favorable and unfavorable features in comparison with common stock. Preferred stock usually is par value stock and usually specifies a dividend rate such as D6% preferred stock.‖Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ Equity5. Par value is a nominal per share amount established for the common stock and/orpreferred stock in the charter of the corporation, and is printed on the face of each stock certificate. The stock that is sold by a corporation to investors above par value is said to have sold at a premium, while stock that is sold below par is said to have sold at a discount. The laws of practically all states forbid the initial sale of stock by a corporation to investors below par value. No-par value stock does not have an amount per share specified in the charter. As a consequence, it may be issued at any price without involving a discount or a premium. It avoids giving the impression of a value that is not present. 6. The usual characteristics of preferred stock are: (1) dividend preferences, (2) conversion privileges, (3) asset preferences, and (4) nonvoting specifications. 7. The two basic sources of stockholders’ equity are:Contributed capital―the amount invested by stockholders by purchase from the corporation of shares of stock. It is comprised of two separate elements: (1) the par or stated amount derived from the sale of capital stock (common or preferred) and(2) the amount received in excess of par or stated value.Retained earnings―the accumulated amount of all ne t income since the organization of the corporation, less losses and less the accumulated amount of dividends paid by the corporation since organization.8. Stockholders’ equity is accounted for in terms of source. This means that severalaccounts are maintained for the various sources of stockholders’ equity, such as common stock, preferred stock, contributed capital in excess of par, and retained earnings. 9. Treasury stock is a corporation’s own capital stock that was sold (issued) andsubsequently reacquired by the corporation. Corporations frequently purchase shares of their own capital stock for sound business reasons, such as to obtain shares needed for employees’ bonus plans, to influence the market price of the stock, to increase earnings per share amounts, and to have shares on hand for use in the acquisition of other companies. Treasury stock, while held by the issuing corporation, confers no voting, dividend, or other stockholder rights. 10. Treasury stock is reported on the balance she et under stockholders’ equity as adeduction; that is, as contra stockholders’ equity. Any Dgain or loss‖ on treasury stock that has been sold is reported on the financial statements as an addition to contributed capital if a gain; if a loss, it is deducted from any previous contributed capital, or otherwise from retained earnings.Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ Equity11. The two basic requirements to support a cash dividend are: (1) cash on hand or theability to obtain cash sufficient to pay the dividend and (2) a sufficient balance in retained earnings, because the dividend represents a return of earnings to the stockholders. A cash dividend reduces both the assets of a corporation and stockholders’ equity by the amount o f the dividend. 12. Cumulative preferred stock has a dividend preference such that, should thedividends on the preferred stock for any year, or series of years, not be paid, dividends cannot be paid to the common stockholders until all such dividends in arrears are paid to the preferred stockholders. Noncumulative preferred stock does not have this preference; therefore, dividends not paid in past periods will never be paid to the preferred stockholders. 13. A stockdividend involves the issuance to the stockholders of a dividend in thecorporation’s own stock (rather than cash). A stock dividend is significantly different from a cash dividend in that the corporation does not disburse any assets, while in the case of a cash dividend, cash is decreased by the amount of the dividend.A cash dividend also reduces total stockholders’ equity by the amount of the dividend. In contrast, a stock dividend does not change total stockholders’ equity. 14. The primary purposes for issuing a stock dividend are: (1) to maintain dividendconsistency; that is, to pay dividends each year either in cash or in capital stock, and (2) to capitalize retained earnings; that is, a stock dividend requires a transfer from the Retained Earnings account to the permanent contributed capital accounts for the amount of the dividend. Although this transfer does not change stockholders’ equity in total, it does cause a shift from retained earnings to contributed capital. 15. When a dividend is declared and paid, the three important dates are:Declaration date―the date on which the board of directors votes the dividend. In the case of a cash dividend, a dividend liability comes into existence on this date and must be recordedas a debit to Retained Earnings and as a credit to Dividends Payable.Date of record―this date usually is about one month after the date of declaration. It is the date on which the corporation extracts from its stockholders’ records the list of individuals owning shares. The dividend is paid only to those names listed on the record date. No entry in the accounts is made on this date.Date of payment―the date on which the cash is disbursed to pay the dividend. It follows the date of record as specified in the dividend announcement. The entry to record the cash disbursement for the dividend is a debit to Dividends Payable and a credit to Cash.Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ Equity16. Retained earnings is the accumulated amount of all net income of the corporationless all losses and less the accumulated amount of all dividends declared to date. The primary components of retained earnings are: beginning balance, plus net income, less net losses, minus dividends declared, equals the ending balance.__ TO __E CHOICE1. c) 6. b)2. d) 7. c)3. b) 8. c)4. a) 9. d)5. c) 10. a)Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityAuthors’ Recommended Solution Time(Time in minutes)students will need to complete the assignment. As with any open-ended project, it is possible for students to devote a large amount of time to these assignments. While students often benefit from the extra effort, we find that some become frustrated by the perceived difficulty of the task. You can reduce student frustration and anxiety by making your expectations clear. For example, when our goal is to sharpen research skills, we devote class time to discussing research strategies. When we want the students to focus on a real accounting issue, we offer suggestions about possible companies or industries.Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityMINI- __ESM11C1.Stockholders may:a) Vote in the stockholders’ meeting (or by proxy) on major issues concerning management of the corporation. b) Participate proportionately with other stockholders in the distribution of the corporation’s profits. c) Share proportionately with other stockholders in the distribution of corporate assets upon liquidation.Being able to vote is the most important of the rights because this ensures that the owners have an input at the stockholders’ meeting and some control of the management of the corporation, thus enabling them to protect their rights as stockholders. M11C2.Unissued shares = 90,000 (268,000 C 178,000) M11C3.Cash (170,000 $21) (+A) ...........................................3,570,000Common Stock (170,000 $1) (+SE) ......................Capital in Excess of Par (+SE) .................................The journal entry would be different if the par value were $2: Cash (170,000 $21) (+A) ...........................................3,570,000Common Stock (170,000 $2) (+SE) ......................Capital in Excess of Par (+SE) .................................340,000 3,230,000170,000 3,400,000Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityM11C4.Common stock is the basic voting stock issued by a corporation. It ranks after preferred stock for dividends and assets distributed upon liquidation of thecorporation. The dividend rate for common stock is determined by the board of directors, and is based on the company’s profitability. The dividend rate forpreferred stock is fixed by a contract. Common stock has more potential for growth than preferred stock if the company is profitable. On the other hand, the investor may lose more money with common stock than with preferred stock if the company is not profitable.Usually, It is advisable to invest in the common stock if you believe the company will be profitable. Common stock will receive a higher return on the $100,000 than preferred stock would.Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityM11C7.April 15:Retained Earnings (-SE) .............................................. Dividends Payable (+L) ............................................June 14:Dividends Payable (-L) ................................................. Cash (-A) ..................................................................65,00065,00065,00065,000M11C10.Retained Earnings (-SE) .............................................. Common Stock (+SE) ..............................................800,000800,000Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interp reting Owners’ Equity__ESE11C1.Computation of End of Year Balance for Treasury Stock:Beginning balance Net increase307,532,841 383,407,665Ending balanceComputation of Shares Outstanding: E11C2.Req. 1 The number of authorized shares is specified in the corporate charter: 300,000. Req. 2 Issued shares are the sharessold to the public: 160,000 Req. 3Issued shares 160,000 Treasury stockIssued shares Treasury stock2,109,316,331 1,725,908,666Shares OutstandingOutstanding shares 135,000Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityE11C3. Req. 1Stockholders’ EquityContributed capital: Preferred stock, authorized 4,000 shares, issued and outstanding, 3,000 shares ...................................................... $ 24,000 Common stock, authorized 103,000 shares,issued and outstanding, 20,000 shares .................................................... 200,000 Capital in excess of par, preferred .............................................................. 36,000 Capital in excess of stated value, no-par common ..................................... 120,000 Total contributed capital .......................................................................... 380,000 Retained earnings .......................................................................................... 60,000 Total Stockholders’ Equity .......................................................................Req. 2The answer would depend on the profitability of the company and the stability of its earnings. The preferred stock has a 9% dividend rate. If the company earns more than 9%, the additional earnings would accrue to the current stockholders. If the company earns less than 9%, it would pay a higher rate to the preferred stockholders. E11C4.Req. 1 ($30 x 90,000 shares) - $1,600,000 = $1,100,000 Req.2 $900,000 - $1,000,000 + $800,000 = $700,000 Req.3 90,000 shares C 80,000 shares = 10,000 shares Req.4 EPS = $1,000,000 80,000 = $12.50Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityE11C5.Req. 1a. Cash (5,600 shares x $20) (+A) ............................................ 112,000 Common stock (5,600 shares x $10) (+SE) ...................... Capital in excess of par, common stock (+SE) .................. Sold common stock at a premium.b.Cash (1,000 shares x $25) (+A) ............................................ Common stock (1,000 shares x $10) (+SE) ...................... Capital in excess of par, common stock (+SE) .................. Sold common stockat a premium.25,00056,000 56,000 10,000 15,000Req. 2Stockholders’ EquityContributed capital: Common stock, par $10, authorized 11,500 shares, outstanding 6,600 shares .................................................................... $ 66,000 Contributed capital in excess of par ........................................................ 71,000 Total contributed capital .......................................................................... 137,000 Retained earnings ...................................................................................... 12,000 Stockholders’ equity ...................................................................................Chapter 11 - Report ing and Interpreting Owners’ EquityE11C6. Req. 1Req. 2(Note that this solution is based on the number of Class A common shares that areoutstanding. We elect not to include the Class B shares because they are owned by the Dillard family. Usually, students do not question this assumption but when they do, it permits usto discuss reasons for issuing different types of common stock. In this case, owners of Class B shares are permitted to elect two-thirds of the board of directors, effectively letting the founding family maintain control of a public company). Number of shares outstanding 2022年: 118,529,925 shares issued minus 73,099,319 Number of shares outstanding 2022年: 117,706,523 shares issued minus 61,740,439 Req. 3(In thousands) Retained earnings for 2022年: $3,107,344minusnet income for 2022年$463,909 plus dividends for 2022年$10,002 = $2,653,437 Req. 4(thousand). Req. 5Treasury stock transactions decreased stockholders’ equity by $490,786 (thousand) ($1,846,312 - $1,355,526). Req. 6 For 2022年, treasury stock cost per share: $1,846,312 (thousand) ÷ 73,099,319 shares =Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityE11C7.Req. 1a. Cash (50,000 shares x $50) (+A) .......................................... 2,500,000 Common stock (50,000 shares x $2) (+SE) ...................... 100,000 Capital in excess of par, common stock (+SE) ..................2,400,000 Sold common stock at a premium. b.Treasury stock (2,000 shares x $52) (+XSE, -SE) ................ Cash (-A) ........................................................................... Bought treasury stock.104,000104,000Req. 2Stockholders’ EquityContributed capital: Common stock, par $2, authorized 80,000 shares, issued 50,000 shares .......................................................................... $ 100,000 Contributed capital in excess of par ........................................................ 2,400,000 Total contributed capital .......................................................................... 2,500,000 Treasury stock............................................................................................ (104,000 ) Stockholders’ equity ................................................................................... E11C8.Shareholders’ equity (deficit) in thousands:Common stock, par value $.01 per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 33,981,509 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2022年, 34,150,389 shares issued and outstandingat December 31, 2022年Additional paid-in capital Accumulated deficitTotal shareholders’ equity2022年2022年340 342 198,304 200,524 (118,282 ) (98,733 ) 80,362 102,133Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityE11C9.Stockholders’ EquityContributed capital: Preferred stock, 8%, par $50, authorized 59,000 shares, issued and outstanding, 20,000 shares ............................................... $1,000,000 Common stock, par $10, authorized 98,000 shares, issued, 78,000 shares ......................................................................... 780,000 Capital in excess of par, preferred stock ................................................. 600,000 Capital in excess of par, common stock .................................................. 780,000 Treasury stock ..................................................................................... (80,000) Retained earnings* ......................................................................................... 160,000 Total stockholders’ equity........................................................................ *($210,000 C $50,000 = $160,000.) E11C10.a. Cash (20,000 shares x $20) (+A) .......................................... 400,000 Common stock, no-par (+SE) ............................................ .b. Cash (6,000 shares x $40) (+A) ............................................ 240,000 Common stock, no-par (+SE) ...........................................c.Cash (7,000 shares x $30) (+A) ............................................ 210,000 Preferred stock (7,000 shares x $10) (+SE) ...................... Capital in excess of par, preferred (+SE) ..........................400,000 240,000 70,000 140,000Req. 2Yes, it is ethical as long as there is a full disclosure of relevant information. In any arm’slength transaction, an informed buyer will pay the market value of the stock.Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityE11C11. Req. 1Number of preferred shares issued: $100,000 Req. 2Number of preferred shares outstanding: 10,000 shares issued minus 500 shares held Req. 3Average sales price per share of preferred stock when issued: ($100,000 + $15,000) ÷ Req. 4Treasury stock transactions decreased stockholders’ equity by $8,000 (same as the decrease in corporate resources in 4 above). Req. 6Treasury stock cost per share: $9,500 ÷Req. 7Req. 8Issue price of common stock $600,000 ÷Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityE11C12. Req. 1The number of shares that have been issuedis computed by dividing the common stock account ($4,008 million) by the par value of the shares ($1 per share) or approximately 4,008,000,000 shares. Req. 2Retained earnings end of 2022年 ............ $70,682,000,000 Net income for 2022年 ............................ 10,756,000,000 Dividends for 2022年 ............................... (5,811,600,000 ) Retained earnings end of 2022年 ............ $75,626,400,000The amount of retained earnings is an estimate because we do not know the exactnumber of shares outstanding (because we do not know the number of shares in treasury stock). This number is needed todetermine the amount of dividends paid during 2022年. We based the dividends on the estimate calculated in the previous requirement.E11C13.The treasury stock account is a contra equity account, meaning that it subtracts from the total stockholders’ equity. Cash also decreases on the balance sheet by the same amount.Req. 2Many companies repurchase common stock in order to develop an employee bonus plan that provides workers with shares of the company’s stock as part of their compensation. Because of SEC regulations concerning newly issued shares, companies find it cheaper to give their employees shares of stock that were purchased from stockholders than to issue new shares. In this case, the company mentions the goal of enhancing shareholders’ value. If the company main tains its current level of income, earnings per share will increase with fewer shares outstanding. Themanagement expects that the increase in EPS will be reflected in an increase in stock price. Req. 3Shares that are held in treasury stock do not participate individend payments. As a result, the purchase of treasury stock will reduce the amount of dividends that the company must pay in future years.Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityE11C14. Req. 1Stockholders’ Eq uityContributed capital:Common stock, authorized 100,000 shares, issued 34,000 shares, ofwhich 2,000 shares are held as treasury stock .................................. Capital in excess of par ........................................................................ Total contributed capital .................................................................... Retained earnings ................................................................................... Total .................................................................................................. Less: Cost of treasury stock ................................................................. Total Stockholders’ Equity Req. 2The dividend yield ratio is 2.24% ([$16,000 32,000 shares] $22.29). While this yield seems small, it is a typical return on common stock. Investors receive a return from both dividends and stock price appreciation.Treasury stock does not receive dividends. As a result, dividends should be paid on 32,000 shares. E11C15.Req. 1a. Treasury stock (200 shares x $20) (+XSE, -SE) ................... Cash (-A) ........................................................................... Bought treasury stock.b.Cash (40 shares x $25) (+A) ................................................. Treasury stock(40 shares x $20) (-XSE, +SE) .................. Capital in excess of par (+SE) ........................................... Sold treasury stock.Capital in excess of par (-SE) ............................................... Treasury stock (30 shares x $20) (-XSE, +SE) ................ Sold treasury stock.4,0001,000450 1504,000800 200600$680,000 163,000 843,000 89,000 932,000 25,000 c. Cash (30 shares x $15) (+A) .................................................Req. 2It is not possible to make a Dprofit‖ or Dloss‖ on treasury stock transactions. Therefore, these transactions do not affect the income statement.Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Ow ners’ EquityE11C16.Req. 1 Feb. 1:Treasury stock, common (160 shares x $20) (+XSE, -SE) Cash (-A) ........................................................................July 15:Cash (80 shares x $21) (+A) ............................................. Treasury stock, common (-XSE, +SE) ........................... Capital in excess of par (+SE) .......................................Sept. 1:Cash (50 shares x $19) (+A) ............................................. Capital in excess of par (-SE) ............................................ Treasury stock, common (50 shares x $20) (-XSE, +SE) . Req. 2Dividends are not paid on treasury stock. Therefore, the amount of total cash dividends paid is reduced when treasury stock is purchased. Req. 3The sale of treasury stock for more or less than its original purchase price does not have an impact on net income. Thetransaction affects only balance sheet accounts. The cash received from the sale of treasury stock is a cash inflow which would affect the Statement of Cash Flows in the financing activities section.3,2001,680950 503,2001,600 80 1,000Chapter 11 - Reporting and Interpreting Owners’ EquityE11C17. Req. 1Case 1: When companies unexpectedly announce increases in dividends, stock prices typically increase. Depending on course objective, the instructor may want to discuss research in finance concerning dividend policy.Case 2: Stock price is based on expectations. If the increase in operatingperformance was not expected, the stock price should increase. It is not necessary to increase dividends to have a favorable stock price reaction.Case 3: Stock dividends do not provide any economic valuebut they may have a signal effect and are often associated with increases in cash dividends. As a result, stock dividends do not appear to directly cause an increase in stock price but are often associated with factors that do impact favorably on price.Req.2Stock prices react to underlying economic events and not changes in reporting methods, per se. Markets are relatively effective in recognizing the differencebetween profits generated by operations and profits generated by the use of liberal accounting policies.。
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