新目标英语级上册单元知识点

新目标英语级上册单元知识点
新目标英语级上册单元知识点

最新(2013秋)人教版八年级上册英语知识点Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?(谈论假期生活,一般过去时)

Unit 2 How often do you exercise?(谈论生活习惯,一般现在时)

Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister(谈论事物对比,形容词比较级)

Unit 4 What's the best movie theater?(谈论事物比较,形容词最高级)

Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?(谈论内心想法,一般现在时)

Unit6 I’m going to study computer science.(谈谈生活的目标,一般将来时)

Unit7 Will people have robots?(对将来生活的预言,一般将来时)

Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?(描述进程,祈使句)

Unit9 Can you come to my party?(学习邀请,作出、接受和拒绝邀请,学习表请求的句子) Unit10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time.(作出决定,学习if的条件状语从句)

①复习一般过去时

②复合不定代词的用法

③反身代词的用法

④系动词的用法

⑤动词后的to do和doing 的区别

⑥ed形容词和ing形容词的区别

⑦“近义词”的区别

⑧本单元中的主谓一致现象

⑨动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表

⑩用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。

⑾感叹句的结构和连词的选择。

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?

重点短语

1. go on vacation去度假

2.stay at home 待在家里

3.go to the mountains 去爬山

4. go to the beach 去海滩

5. visit museums 参观博物馆

6. go to summer camp 去参加夏令

7.quite a few 相当多

8.study for 为……而学习

9.go out 出去10.most of the time 大部分时间

11. taste good 尝起来很好吃12.have a good time 玩得高兴13. of course 当然14.feel like 给……的感觉;感受到15.go shopping 去购物

16.in the past 在过去17. walk around 四处走走18. because of 因为19. one bowl of… 一碗……20. the next day第二天21. drink tea 喝茶22. find out 找出;查明23. go on 继续24.take photos 照相25. something important 重要的事26. up and down 上上下下

27. come up 出来28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物29. taste + adj. 尝起来…… 30. look+adj. 看起来……

31.nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有32.seem+(to be)+ adj. 看起来…… 33. arriv e in+大地点/ arrive at+小地点到达某地34.decide to do sth. 决定去做某事35. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ 36. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事37. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事/ 38. forget to do sth.忘记做某事39. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事40. want to do sth. 想去做某事41. start doing sth. 开始做某事

42. stop doing sth. 停止做某事43. have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得痛快44. keep doing sth. 继续做某事45. Why not do. sth.? 为什么不做……呢46. so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于…… 47. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事

三、重点句子:

1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假的

2. Long time no see. 好久不见。

3. Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去有趣的地方了吗

4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 大多数时间我只呆在家里看书和放松。

5. Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒。

6. I bought something for my father. 我给我爸爸买了些东西。

7. How did you like it 你觉得它怎么样

8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城。

9. For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。10. …but many of the old buildings are still there.

……但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. 今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。

12. And because of the bad weather , we couldn’t see anything below. 并且因为糟糕的天气,我们看不见下面的任何东西。

语法:复合不定代词或副的构成及用法

构成:由some, any, no, every分别加上-body, -thing, -one构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词;加上-where 构成副词。

用法:

(1)合成不定代词在句中可以作主语,宾语或表语等。谓语动词要用单数。Everybody likes reading. (3)some-不定代词,通常用于肯定句中;any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。

但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。

Someone is calling me. There isn’t anyone else there. Is anybody over there? Could you give me something to eat?

(4)形容词修饰不定代词时,通常要放在不定代词之后。There is something delicious on the table.

(5)somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere用作副词。

不规则动词过去式:

am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said give-gave get-got, go-went come-came have-had, eat-ate take-took run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made read-read, write-wrote

draw-drew drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept buy-bought, swim-swam, sit-sat, bring--brought, can-could, cut-cut become-became, begin-began, draw-drew feel-felt find-found forget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept know-knew, learn-learnt(learned)leave-left, let-let, lose-lost, meet-met, read-read, sleep-slept, speak-spoke, take-took teach-taught , tell-told, wake-woke

Unit2 How often do you exercise?

重点短语

such as例如;诸如junk food n.垃圾食品;无营养食品more than超过;多于;不仅仅;非常less than不到;少于help with housework 帮助做家务on weekends 在周末how often 多久一次hardly ever 几乎从once a week 每周一次twice a month 每月两次

every day 每天be free 有空go to the movies 去看电影use the Internet 用互联网swing dance 摇摆舞play tennis 打网球stay up late 熬夜;睡得很晚at least 至少have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课

go to bed early 早点睡觉play sports 进行体育活动be good for 对……有好处go camping 去野营not…at all 一点儿也不……

in one’s free time 在某人的业余时间the most popular 最受欢迎的such as 比如;诸如old habits die hard 积习难改

go to the dentist 去看牙医morn than 多于;超过less than 少于help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事

How about…? ......怎么样want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句……有多少……? spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光It’s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的……的。ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事

by doing sth. 通过做某事What’s your favorite……? 你最喜爱的……是什么the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式

三.重点语法

(一) 重点句型

1.-----What do you usually do on weekends? -----I often go to the movies.

(1) on weekends/on the weekend在周末(2) go to the movies 去看电影(3) 第一个do 助动词

第二个do 实意动词

2. hardly ever 几乎从不hardly ever 相当于hardly, ever起强调作用。

hard作形容词,意为“困难的,艰苦的,硬的”;hard作副词,意为“努力地,猛烈地”。hardly 意为“几乎不”

3. ----How often do you watch TV? ----Twice a week.

(1) how often 意为“多久一次,多长时间一次”,用来提问频率。(2) twice a week 一周两次拓展: 一

次once 两次twice

三次或三次以上基数词+ times three times four times

4. What's your favorite program? = What program do you like best? 你最喜欢的节目是什么

5. How come?怎么回事怎么会表示某件事情很奇怪,有点想不通;可单独使用,也可引导一个问句。

相当于疑问词why。但how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。

6. I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我也许一个月去看一次电影。maybe 副词,意为“或许,大

概,可能”,常位于句首。

辨析:maybe副词,作状语,意为“或许,大概,可能”,常位于句首。may be 属于“情态动词+be 动词”结构,意为“可能是”。

7. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. ask ab. about sth. 询问某人

某事

8. We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use

the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 我们都知道许多学生经常上网,但是让我们感到惊讶的是90%的学生每天都上网,而另外10%的学生一周至少上网达三至四次。

(1) other: adj. 其他的+名词the other: adj. 其他的+名词(在特定的范围内) one?the other?

一个??另一个

others: 其他的东西the others: 其他的东西(在特定的范围内)

(2) at least 至少at most 最多,至多

9. Most students use it for fun and not for homework. 大多数学生上网是为了娱乐而不是为了写家庭作

业。

10. The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.关于看电视的调查结果

也十分的有趣。

the answers to our questions 问题的答案dance to the music 和着音乐的节奏跳舞key to the lock 这把锁的钥匙11. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看体育节目,但是娱乐节目是最流行的。

12. It is good to relax by using the Internet of watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is

through exercise. 通过使用因特网看娱乐节目来放松很不错,但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼来放松。(1) It’s +adj.+to do sth 做某事??的

(2) by doing sth. 通过做某事(3) the best way to do sth. is做某事的最好方式

13. It is healthy for the mind and the body. 这有益于身心健康。stay healthy = keep healthy = keep

in good health 保持健康

14. Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。

(二)语法知识: 频度副词

1. 频度副词的含义(1) 表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。

常用的频度副词按高低依次为always > usually > sometimes > seldom > hadly ever > never (2) 表示具体的频率、次数时,一次用once,两次用twice,三次或三次以上用“基数词+times”表示: three times, four times, six times

2. 频度副词在句中的位置

(1 )频度副词一般在实意动词之前,be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后

(2)有些频度副词也可位于句首,但表示不同含义sometimes 常位于句首,和位于句中区别不大。

often 用于句首时,通常表示强调,且其前一般有quite,very 修饰Usually 也可位于句首,其前不用修饰语。

Always 一般不用于句首,但可以用在祈使句中。

3. 对频度副词提问时,用how often

Unit3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.

重点短语. more outgoing 更外向as…as… 与……一样…… the singing comp etition 唱歌比赛be similar to 与……相像的/类似的the same as 和……相同;与……一致be different from 与……不同care about 关心;介意be like a mirror 像一面镜子the most important 最重要的as long as 只要;既然bring out 使显现;使表现出get better grades 取得更好的成绩reach fo 伸手取in fact 事实上;实际上make friends 交朋友the other 其他的touch one’s heart 感动某人be talented in music 有音乐天赋be good at 擅长…… be good with 善于与……相处have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣be good at doing sth 擅长做某事make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与……一样… It’s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做某事……的。

三.重点语法

(一) 重点句型

1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. 萨姆和汤姆都会打

鼓,但是萨姆比汤姆打得要好一些。both (1) 表示“两者都”,both用在含有be动词的句中,应放在be动词的后面;用在含有行为动词的句中,应放在行为动词的前面(2) both…and…表示“两者都”,both...and在句中连接并列成分,如主语、谓语、表语、宾语等,位置比较灵活。

拓展:all表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思,every指三个以上的人或物(含三个),each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。

1.Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力。as...as意为“与……一样……”,as...as

中间接形容词或副词的原级。

其否定结构not as/so...as意为“不如……”。注意:(1) 其否定式为not as/so +adj./adv. +as。

3. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 不过,你能看得出来,丽萨确实想赢。

win此处用作不及物动词,意为“赢;获胜”win还可用作及物动词,意为“赢得;在……中获胜”,此时其后的宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。win表示“赢得;获胜”,用作及物动词时,其宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。 E.g. We won the basketball game.

(2) though此处作副词,意为“不过;可是;然而”,通常用于句末,前面用逗号与句子隔开。

拓展:though作连词,意为“虽然;尽管”,相当于although。注意:although/though与but不能同时出现在一个句子中。

2.But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun. 但是最重要的是学到一些新

东西并获得乐趣。

(1)the most important意为“最重要的”,是important的最高级形式。important的比较级为more

important,形容词的最高级形式前必须有定冠词the。(2) have fun意为“获得乐趣;玩得高兴”。

拓展:have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很有趣”。

5. ....truly cares about me... care about 关心,在意take care当心take care of 照顾

6. I think a good friend makes me laugh. 我认为好朋友会让我发笑。(1) make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”

拓展:make的用法:①make加名词make food 做饭make the bed 铺床make money 赚钱② make + sb./sth. + adj. 使某人感到……;使……处于某种状态③ make sb./sth. + n. 使某人成为…… ④ make sb./sth. + 过去分词让某人被…… ⑤ make sb./sth. + do sth. 使某人做某事(不能带不定式符号to) 注意:当make用于被动语态时,必须带不定式符号to. (2) 辨析:laugh与smile ① laugh一般表示“出声地(大)笑”,不但有面部表情,而且还有声音。laugh at...意为“嘲笑……;因……而发笑”。② smile一般表示“无声地微笑”,指的是面部表情。smile at...意为“向……微笑”。talented为形容词,意为“有才能的,有才干的”,其比较级形式为more talented。be talented in为固定搭配,表示“在……方面有天赋”。拓展:① nothing serious意为“没有什么严重的”。②be serious about... 意为“对……认真”。That’s why...意为“那就是……的原因”,why引导的句子作表语,是表语从句。“It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”是固定结构,意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。结构中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。句中的形容词为描述事物特征的词,如difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous,necessary,possible等。11. But I think friends are like books—you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good. 但是我认为朋友就像书一样——你不需要很多。只要它们好就行。as long as意为“只要;既然”,引导条件状语从句,主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词can时,所引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。12. However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me. 然而,拉里经常帮助我表现出最好的一面。bring out意为“使显现;使表现出”。拓展:①bring out还意为“出版;生产”。②bring out the best/worst in sb. 把某人最好/最坏的一面展现出来14. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches

your heart. 真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。(1) reach for sth.意为“伸手取某物”,reach此处作不及物动词,意为“伸手”。 E.g. He reaches for the box, but he is too short. 拓展:reach作及物动词,意为“到达;抵达”。辨析:reach, get to与arrive ① reach为及物动词,后面直接接宾语。② get to后接地点名词,如果接there,here或home等地点副词,to必须省略。③ arrive为不及物动词,后接地点名词时必须加介词at或in。到达国家、城市等大的地方用in,到迭学校、商店等小的地方用at。接there,here或home等地点副词时不用介词in或at。(2) touch 及物动词,意为“感动;触摸”。

一.重点短语:

1.on weekends

2.on weekdays

3.as for

4.my eating habits

5.have a healthy lifestyle

6.the same as

7.the result of

8.junk food

9.get good grades 10.see a dentist 11.have a healthy habit 12.be stressed out 3.a balanced diet 14.for example 15.at the moment 16.be sorry to do sth 17.go bike riding 18.take walks=go for walk 19.take a vacation 20.plan to do sth 21.western country 22.take sth with sb 23.depend on 24.host family 25.hardly ever 6.ask sb about sth 27.get back to school 8.a balance of 29.kind of

二.考点归纳:

考点1.want sb to do sth 想要某人干某事

考点2.try 的用法:

1).try to do sth 尽力干某事2).try not to do sth 尽力不干某3).try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力干某事

考点3.although 的用法: although /though 引导让步状语从句,“即使,虽然”,不能与but 连用,但可与yet, still 连用。

考点4.finish doing sth 结束干某事

考点5.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地干某事

考点6.decide 的用法:1).decide to do sth 决定干某事2).decide not do sth 决定不干某事3).decide on doing sth 决定干某事

1).It’s +adj +for sb +to do sth = To do sth + be +adj

2).It’s +adj +of sb +to do sth = Sb +be +adj + to do sth

Unit4 What's the best movie theater?

1.movie theater 电影院close to… 离……近clothes store 服装店in town 在镇上

2.so far 到目前为止10 minutes by bu坐公共汽车10分钟的路程talent show 才艺表演

3.in common 共同;共有around the world 世界各地;全世界more and more…… 越来

越……

4.and so on 等等all kinds of…… 各种各样的be up to 是……的职责;由……决定

5.not everybody 并不是每个人make up 编造(故事、谎言等)

6.play a role in… 在……方面发挥作用/有影响for example 例如take…seriously 认真对待

7.give sb. sth . 给某人某物come true (梦想、希望)实现;达到

8.Can I ask you some…? 我能问你一些……吗How do you like…? 你认为……怎么样

9.Thanks for doing sth. 因做某事而感谢。What do you think of…? 你认为……怎么样?

10.much+ adj./adv.的比较级……得多watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事

11.play a role in doing sth 在做某事方面扮演重要的角色one of+可数名词的复数……之一

Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?

talk show 谈话节目game show 游戏节目soap opera 肥皂剧go on 发生watch a movie 看电影 a pair of 一双;一对try one’s best 尽某人最大努力as famous as 与……一样有名have a discussion about 就……讨论one day 有一天such as 例如dress up 打扮;梳理take sb.’s place 代替;替换do a good job 干得好something enjoyable 令人愉快的东西interesting information 有趣的资料one of…… 之一look like 看起来像around the world 全世界 a symbol of ……的象征let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事plan to do sth. 计划/打算做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事expect to do sth. 盼望做某事How about doing…做……怎么样be ready to do st乐于做某事try one’s best to do sth. 尽力做某事动词不定式做宾语think of 认为learn from 从……获得;向……学习find out 查明;弄清楚

人教版新目标英语七年级上册全册课文翻译

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