2017何凯文词汇笔记整理
何凯文词汇
environmental-friendly purchasing 环境友好型购物
sustainable
sustainablility
purse n.钱包
terrify v.使恐惧
terror n.恐怖
Horrified
dreadful
distinguished
“y”
parallel[ˈpærəlel] a.平行的；类似的n.类似
upsetting parallel 令人不爽的类似的事情
拟
ratio[ˈreɪʃiəʊ] n.比
rate n.率
feature[ˈfi:tʃə(r)]n.特征 v.以...为特色；新闻特写，专题报道动词：刊登
estate[ɪˈsteɪt]n.房地产;不动产;所有权
stat-词根：站
Real estate = house market = property
stand v.站
underlie v.位于…之下；构成…的基础
A（原因） underlines B（结果）
The confidence almost always underlines all human successes.
enlarge v.增大
temper[ˈtempə(r)] n.脾气，怒气v.控制
temper the spending
lance n.长矛 v.用长矛刺戳
imperative[ɪmˈperətɪv] n.命令 a.强制的
emperor n.皇帝
It is imperative that corresponding laws and regulation be introduced. （should可以省）
何凯文2017考研英语每日一句 136-158
何凯文每日一句116136 KK 大招之二：来源于外刊的必考短语总结 不用任何解释，这样的总结很何凯文！ 1.Be keen on 执着于…They tend to be keen on volume of effort and overlook efficiency. 他们倾向于在乎努力的量而忽略了效率。
2.excel at 擅长 （还有一个搭配是 excel in,是一个意思） Innovators excel at connecting seemingly unconnected things. 创新者擅长联系貌似毫不相关的事物。
3.unwarranted =unjustified 不合理的The public rage was unwarranted.公众的愤怒是没有道理的 4. this time round 这一次（时间状语） 5. be confined to 局限于6. be no mean: 了不起，很出色，很His mother was a painter, and he's no mean artist himself. 他母亲是一位画家，他自己是一位出色的艺术家。
TO be seated in the mean is no mean happiness. 中庸之道是最大的幸福。
7. with no regard for 无论The parent, with no regard for the child's intrinsic urges, seeks to make him over into a replica of an admired relative--or himself.那没有关心孩子们的内在的激励的父母、只是设法使子女变成一个他所羡慕的亲戚或他本人的复制品。
8. brick-and-mortar retailers 实体零售商 9. take account of 考虑 10.spell out 制定11.firing line 处于容易受到攻击的地位 12.all but 几乎=almost13.shy away doing sth ：避免做某事； 14.equip sb with sth 使某人具备..15. A makes eminent sense to do sth. A 对于做某事意义重大！In short, it makes eminent sense to study coding and statistics today, but also history and literature.总而言之，在当下这个时代，学习编程和统计学固然意义重大，学习历史和文学同样十分重要16.Native 先天 Acquired 后天Born 先天 made 后天 Nature 先天 nurture 后天 Intelligence 先天 intellect 后天 intuitive 先天 Cognitive 后天 native talent 先天practice 后天 17.hint at 预示 18.appeal to 吸引Other new ventures are meant to appeal to an audience. 其他一些新的企业，也准备去吸引这样一些用户 19. weigh up 考虑The president must weigh up the impact of any deal on America’s economy. 总统必须考量任何交易对于美国经济的影响 20. go it alone 只身单干The Microsoft decides to go it alone. 微软决定只身单干。
何凯文写作强化班整理笔记
何凯文写作强化班整理笔记1、Just as an old Chinese proverb says.正如一句古老的中国谚语所说。
2、Sample as the picture is, the symbolic meaning behind it is as deep as ocean.尽管图画很简单，寓意却非常深刻。
3、Aspire to inspire until I expire.生命不息，奋斗不止。
aspire/əˈspaɪə/ v(aspiring,aspired,aspires)有志(于)inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə/ v(inspiring,inspired,inspires)鼓舞; 激励expire /ɪkˈspaɪə/ v(expiring,expired,expires)到期; 失效4、With current state of affairs being so sorry, it is high time that we took effective measures to tackle this problem.问题如此严重，是马上采取有效措施解决这个问题的时候了。
tackle /ˈtækəl/ (tackling,tackled,tackles)处理5、It is imperative that corresponding laws and regulations be introduced and enforced to curb and harness this urgent problem.我们必须制定并执行一些法律和政策来解决这个问题。
correspond /ˌkɒrɪˈspɒnd/v (corresponding,corresponded,corresponds)相一致; 相对应imperative /ɪmˈpɛrətɪv/ adj至关重要的curb and harness 解决6、In no country other than China , it has been said , is the problem of environment more serious.在中国，环境问题是最重要的。
考研英语-何凯文写作笔记
考研英语-何凯文写作笔记1. Just as an old Chinese proverb says ：Aspire to inspire untilI expire! 正如中国一句古老的谚语：生命不息，奋斗不止！2. Simple as the picture is, the meaning behind it is as deep as ocean.尽管图画很简单，但寓意很深刻苦。
3. The situation being so serious, it is high time that we took effective measures to tackle this problem. 问题如此严重了，是时候采取有效的措施去解决这个问题了。
4. It is imperative that laws and regulations be introduced and enforced to curb and harness this urgent problem.我们必须制定（work out）并执行一些法律法规（laws and regulations）来解决这些问题。
5. In no country other than China, it has been said, is the problem of environment more serious. 在中国环境问题是最严重的。
6. There has been a heated discussion about a picture in the newspaper. 报纸上有一张图画引起了人们广泛的关注。
7. The past decade has witnessed a huge development in economy owning to the reform and opening-up policy being carried out, bringing some problems at the same time, with the following one being the foremost.在过去的十年间，由于改革开放政策的执行，我国经济有了巨大的发展，同时也带来了很多问题，其中最重要的是…成功的品质、环保类、爱心和社会道德、文化交流、科技与传播、偶像崇拜、健康话题、学校话题作文三段要求：第一段：描述图画（describe）①万能开头句：There has been a heated discussion about a picture in the newspaper. 报纸上有一张图画引起了人们广泛的关注。
何凯文作文听课笔记整理
第一段：第一句：people are drawn by the truth disclosed by this picture.人们悲这幅图画所揭示的事实所吸引。
第二句：simple as the picture is,the author intends to convey much more complicated and profound meaning than what we may sense at the first glance.虽然图画很简单，但是作者却在传递着比我们第一眼看到的要复杂的很多，深刻很多的意义。
个人品质第二段：个人品质第一句：the picture tells us that nothing can be compared with creation or innovation when it comes to the cultivation of individual characteristics/for the personal growth.第二句：to be sure,without the courage to engage in unknown journey and to embrace unexpected detours or setbacks,we would have no any advance to speak of.第三句：people in all walks of life take substantial note of this character.各界人士都十分重视这种品质。
第四局：the key to equation of individual success lies in one's possession of this quality.this is a well-accepted fact that is affirmed by one's focusing on the target and unwavering perseverance.一个人成功的秘诀就在于拥有这一品质，这是一个不争的事实，而且一个人能专注于目标并不懈的努力那就更是如此。
2017版何凯文教学笔记记录
识别： adv； Ving 短语；Ved 短语；不定式短语；介词短语；独立主格
A 结构
区别：A 结构前没有名词可以判定为状语
仅供大家学习
何凯文春季基础班长难句
杜洋整理 何凯文暑期强化班英语一阅读理解
A 结构前有名词可优先判定为定语，如果语义不通顺，则改判为状语。
NOTE：英语写作中常避免将状语（A 结构）置于名词后。
月 介词短语：介词+n 3 处理：1、将后置定语置于名词前；
2、对于过长的后置定语也可以切分后独立成句。 （二）同位语：补充说明 n 或句子
识别： 1、A，- /，/or B
年 A 和 B=名词 2、句子 ，/ - A 7 A=句子；A=句子中的名词
处理：1、删除 B；2、B=A is/are B（独立成句）
As a result，果
理 整 成
完 As a result of A，果
Incentives=causes 4.which：题干定位词、选项定位词、顺序定位（首句）P340 45
（二）替换： 1.同近义词 2.上下义词 3.正话反说 4.归纳不推理 5.原文重现
（三）排除： 1.检查定位是否正确 2.主题为王
日 保留自己的主语，将 Ving—动词；Ved—加被动 9 PS：有时 being 是被省略的，需要加 be 动词；有时去掉 with
（五）同位语的独立成句： 1、A - /，/or B ：B=A is (are) B 2、句子 ，/ - A ：A=This is A （六）某些副词：
3月
1、从……角度讲 2、这是……的 （七）动态名词（adj）的独立成句：
Do/does—doing
Did —having done Be done—done 规则：1、being 可以省；2、两个句子都是过去时：was/were——（having been/being）
10月7日-2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记(何凯文)
2010年真题第一篇.一.1.1）Of all the changes／that have taken place in English-language newspapers ／during the past quarter-century,２）perhaps the most far-reaching（ｃｈａｎｇｅ）has been the inexorable（不可避免的）decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.二.1).It is difficult/2).to imagine a time/3).to the point of impossibility状1=very=impossibly4).for the average reader under the age of forty状25)when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-citynewspapers.（我们很难想象那样一个时代）423152.Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticismpublished in the20th century/consisted in（包含）/large part of newspaperreviews.（但是那样的时代确实存在！）3.1)To read such books today is to marvel at the fact/2)that their learned contents(学术的内容)were once deemed suitable forpublication in general-circulation dailies.21.It is indicated in Paragraphs1and2that[A]arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.[B]English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.1）the inexorable（不可避免的）decline in the scope and seriousness oftheir arts coverage.2）when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-citynewspapers.[C]high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.[D]young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.年轻的读者不相信艺术评论适合刊登在报纸上！marvel at the fact三.1.1)We are even farther removed(更不了解)from the unfocused newspaperreviewsand the eve of World War II（二战前）,3)/at a time/when newsprint was dirt-cheap(非常便宜)and stylish artscriticism was considered an ornament(装饰)to the publications/inwhich it(arts criticism)appeared.2.In those far-off days,it was taken for granted that the critics of majorpapers would write in detail and at length（详尽地）about the events they covered.3.Theirs was a serious business,and even those reviewers who wore theirlearning lightly?,like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman,could be trusted to know what they were about.4.These men believed in journalism as a calling(责任),and were proud to bepublished in the daily press.5.1）“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keeptheir own（自己的作品）end up in journalism,”Newman wrote,2）“that I am tempted to(忍不住)define‘journalism’as‘a term of contempt3）This term is applied by4)writers who are not read作品无人问津的作家5)to writers who are.’”作品受读者欢迎的作家22.Newspaper reviews in England before World War2were characterized byUn focused[A]free themes.（百花齐放）主题多样Sugar-freeCare-freeWifi-free(不提供wifi服务的)Free wifi[B]casual style.风格随意formal style[C]elaborate layout.精心的排版[D]radical viewpoints.激进的观点！23.Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A]It is writers'duty to fulfill journalistic goals.calling[B]It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.[C]Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep theirown（自己的作品）end up in journalism,”四.1.Unfortunately,these critics are virtually forgotten.2.1)Neville Cardus,is now known solely as a writer of essays on the gameof cricket.2)who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from1917until shortly beforehis death in1975,3.During his lifetime,though,he was also one of England’s foremostclassical-music critics,a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography（自传）(1947)became a best-seller.,though,但是Though虽然Foremost可以代替一切最高级！4.He was knighted in1967,the first music critic to be so honored.5.Yet only one of his books is now in print,and his vast body of writings onmusic is unknown（save to specialists除了一些专家）.五.1.Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival?2.The prospect seems remote.3.1)Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death,2)and postmodern readers have little use for(不喜欢，不待见)the richlyupholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized.4.Moreover,the amateur tradition（业余评论的传统）in music criticismhas been in headlong retreat.24.What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?[A]His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.postmodern readers=readers todaypostmodern readers have little use for(不喜欢，不待见)the richlyupholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized.[B]His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C]His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D]His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.[A]Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B]The Lost Horizon in NewspapersHorizon=（艺术评论繁荣的）景象[C]Mournful Decline of Journalism=newspaper[D]Prominent Critics in MemoryOf all the changes／that have taken place in English-language newspapers ／during the past quarter-century,２）perhaps the most far-reaching（ｃｈａｎｇｅ）has been the inexorable（不可避免的）decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.Text2一.1.Over the past decade,thousands of patents have been granted for what arecalled business methods. received one(patent)for its"one-click"online paymentsystem.3.Merrill Lynch got legal protection(patent)for an asset allocationstrategy.4.One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.二.1.1）Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scaleback(减少，限制)on business-method patents,2）business-method patents have been controversial ever since they were first authorized10years ago.2.1)In a move/that has(使)intellectual-property lawyers abuzz（议论纷纷）2)the U.S.court of Appeals for the federal circuit（CAFC）（美国联邦巡回上诉法院）said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review （审查）of business-method patents.3.In re Bilski,as the case is known,is"a very big deal",says Dennis D.Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law.In re Bilski,In re JPP V.S Amen4.It"has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents."recently[A]their limited value to business[B]their connection with asset allocation[C]the possible restriction on their grantingNow the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scaleback(减少，限制)on business-method patents,[D]the controversy over authorization27.Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A]Its ruling complies with the court decisions[B]It involves a very big business transaction[C]It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit[D]It may change the legal practices in the U.S.It"has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents."三. 1.1)Curbs(scale back,review)on business-method claims(=business-method patents)would be a(__change of attitude______)dramatic about-face,2)because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents[A]loss of good will[B]increase of hostility[C]change of attitude[D]enhancement of dignity3)with its1998decision in the so-called state Street Bank case,approving apatent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.道富银行federal circuit=the U.S.court of Appeals for the federal circuit（CAFC）=the nation's top patent court2.That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings（申请=claim）,initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out(获得，占有)exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions.ter,more established companies raced to add such patents to their files,ifonly as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch.4.In2005,IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than300business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis forgranting them.for financial products,even as they took positions in court cases opposingthe practice.28.The word"about-face"(Line1,Para3)most probably means[A]loss of good will[B]increase of hostility[C]change of attitude[D]enhancement of dignity四.1.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk inthe energy market.2.1)The Federal circuit issued an unusual order2）stating that the case would be heard by all12of the court's judges, rather than a typical panel of three,3）and that one issue（that）it=Federal circuit wants to evaluate is whether it should"reconsider"its state street Bank ruling.五.1.1)The Federal Circuit's action comes in the wake of(回应)a series ofrecent decisions by the supreme Court/2)supreme Court has narrowed the scope of protections for patentholders.st April,for example，the justices signaled that too many patentswere being upheld for"inventions"that are obvious.3.The judges on the Federal circuit are"reacting to the anti-patent trend atthe Supreme Court",says Harold C.Wegner,a patent attorney andprofessor at George Washington University Law School.29.We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents[A]are immune to legal challenges[B]are often unnecessarily issuedtoo many patents were being upheld for"inventions"that are obvious.[C]lower the esteem for patent holders[D]increase the incidence of risks30.Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A]A looming（有可能！）threat to business-method patents[B]Protection for business-method paten t holders[C]A legal case regarding business-method patents[D]A prevailing trend against business-method patentsText3In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected.The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the"two step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks,brands,or neighborhoods.In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trendsIn their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact,they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers'argument stems from a simple observing about social influence, with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal,influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected,must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example from the initial influential prove resistant,for example the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call"global cascades"–the widespread propagation of influence through networks–is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people,each of whom adopts,say,a look or a brand after being exposed to a single adopting neighbor.Regardless of how influential an individual is locally,he or she can exert global influence only if this critical mass is available to propagate a chain reaction.31.By citing the book The Tipping Point,the author intends to[B]discuss influentials'function in spreading ideas[C]exemplify people's intuitive response to social epidemics[D]describe the essential characteristics of influentials.32.The author suggests that the"two-step-flow theory"[A]serves as a solution to marketing problems[B]has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C]has won support from influentials[D]requires solid evidence for its validity33.What the researchers have observed recently shows that[A]the power of influence goes with social interactions[B]interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C]influentials have more channels to reach the public[D]most celebrities enjoy wide media attention34.The underlined phrase"these people"in paragraph4refers to the ones who[A]stay outside the network of social influence[B]have little contact with the source of influence[C]are influenced and then influence others[D]are influenced by the initial influential35.what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A]The eagerness to be accepted[B]The impulse to influence others[C]The readiness to be influenced[D]The inclination to rely on othersText4一.1.Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public.2.Behind the scenes,they have been taking aim at someone else:theaccounting standard-setters.(会计准则制定者)3.Their rules,moan the banks,have forced them to report enormous losses,and it's just not fair.Bankers=banks4.These rules say they（banker）must value some assets at the price a thirdparty would pay,/not the price managers and regulators would like them to36.Bankers complained that they were forced to[A]follow unfavorable asset evaluation rulesThese rules say they（banker）must value some assets at the price a thirdparty would pay,/not the price managers and regulators would like them tofetch.(模糊替换)[B]collect payments from third parties[C]cooperate with the price managers[D]reevaluate some of their assets.二.1.Unfortunately,banks'lobbying now seems to be working.the accounting standard-setters.（规则改了）2.1）The details may be unknowable,2）but the independence of standard-setters,is being compromised.3）the independence is essential to the proper functioning of capital markets,（规则改了的结果）3.And,unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers,revivingthe banking system will be difficult.三. 1.After a bruising encounter（激烈的争斗）with Congress,America'sFinancial Accounting Standards Board(FASB)rushed through rulechanges.2.These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assetsand more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in theirincome statement.3.Bob Herz,the FASB's chairman,cried out against those who"questionour motives."4.Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group（银行）politely calls"the use of judgment by management."37.According to the author,the rule changes of the FASB may result instandard-settersbut the independence of standard-setters,is being compromised.[A]the diminishing role of management[B]the revival of the banking systembank shares rose[C]the banks'long-term asset losses[D]the weakening of its independence（模糊替换！）四.1.European ministers instantly demanded that the International AccountingStandards Board(IASB)do likewise.2.1）The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning,2）but the pressure to fold is strong.3）when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year3.1)Charlie McCreevy,a European commissioner,warned2)the IASB that it did"not live in a political vacuum"but"in the realworld"and that Europe could yet develop different rules.38.According to Paragraph4,McCreevy objects to the/(IASB's attempt to____)The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning,[A]keep away from political influences.[B]evade the pressure from their peers.[C]act on their own in rule-setting.(主题为王)[D]take gradual measures in reform.五.1.It was banks that were on the wrong planet,with accounts that vastlyovervalued assets.2.Today they argue that market prices overstate losses,because they largelyreflect the temporary illiquidity of markets,not the likely extent of baddebts.3.The truth will not be known for years.4.But bank's shares trade below their book value,suggesting that investors areskeptical.5.And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks/which will not sellassets for fear of booking losses,yet are reluctant to buy all those supposedbargains.39.The author thinks the banks were"on the wrong planet"in that theywith accounts that vastly overvalued assets.[A]misinterpreted market price indicators[B]exaggerated the real value of their assets[C]neglected the likely existence of bad debts.[D]denied booking losses in their sale of assets.六.1.To get the system working again(revival),losses must be recognized and2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记2.America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks markassets to levels which buyers find attractive.3.Successful markets require independent and even combativestandard-setters.4.The FASB and IASB have been exactly that,cleaning up rules on stockoptions and pensions,for example,against hostility from specialinterests.5.But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make moreconcessions.40.The author's attitude towards standard-setters is one of[A]satisfaction.[B]skepticism.[C]objectiveness[D]sympathy。
何凯文老师-每日一句汇总完整版
3. Turn the page（和中文的意思是一样的！翻篇！）
例句：The president told the nation the war was over and asked them to turn the page and work for the reconstruction of the country.
7.活力(vitality）
8.身强体壮，充满活力(bursting with vitality and good health）
9.独立(independence)
10.感恩(gratitude ,gratification)
11.创新( creation, innovation, critical mind, critical thinking, unconventional thinking )
22.适应性(adaptability）
23.果敢性(decisiveness）
24.羡慕(admiration; )嫉妒(jealousy；envy）
25.榜样（example, model）
26.时间管理（time management）守时（punctuality）
每日一句：看图写作语料
A rumor is a social cancer: It is difficult to constrain and it rots the brains of the masses.However, the real danger is that so many people find rumors enjoyable. That part causes the infection. And in such cases when a rumor is only partially made of truth, it is difficult to pinpoint exactly where the information may have gone wrong. It is passed on and on until some brave soul questions its validity;
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词汇精讲笔记整理2016.4.15 词汇学习的三个重点：（1）正确的方向；（2）多样的方法；（3）科学地计划。
一、正确的方向（一）必考词义1. impossibly=veryIt is an impossibly unpopular behavior. →这是一个非常不受欢迎的行为。
2.unseemly behaviorunseemly 不雅的=unethical 不道德的→ethical 有道德的unseemly →decent 优雅的（反义词）礼貌的：courtesy=decentEg. As a courtesy to the next passenger, may we suggest that you wipe off the wash basin.为了方便下一个乘客，我们建议你清洁洗手池。
3.fashion v.推广fashion policy/laws4.exceptional优秀的 = brilliant, great, well accepted → mediocre 一般、平庸exceptional child 智障pare、contrast、comparison（1）compare v.比较（找出相同点）contrast v.比较（找出相同点）（2）词性：contrast、comparison为名词6.intelligence与intellectual（1）intelligence n.智力；智商；情报→指“智力、智商”时特指天生的/先天的智力Central Intelligence Agency （美国）中央情报局，简称 CIA （2）intellectual adj.有智力的n.知识分子→指后天从知识中获得的智力intellect n.知识分子；智力intellectualism n.知识主义→ anti-intellectualism反智主义（“智”指后天知识）☆：后缀“ism”表示“……主义；……论”7.push n.进取；向上passion（激情）, work（刻苦）, focus（专注）, push（强迫）, ideas（点子）, improve（精通）, serve（服务）,persist（坚持）——《Richard.St.John谈成功是趟持续的旅程》8.weather v.克服 eg. weather financial crisis 克服金融危机9. overlook忽视overrate 高估overestimate 评估词汇精讲笔记整理10.knowledge n.了解In the times of knowledge explosion…在知识爆炸的时代（写作词汇）eg. The habits of consumers have been recorded by the browsers without their knowledge.browser n.浏览器without one’s knowledge 在某人不知情的情况下11.profile high-profile = much-publicized adj.高调的（人）；引人注目的（事）low-profile adj.低调的12.approach n.研究方法（=method=way）v.接近approach study 方法论研究13.discipline n.教训；学科；纪律 v.惩罚14.game n.猎物15.spell①拼写；②导致（A has spelt B A导致了B)；③咒语；④一段时间Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1970s …尽管在 1970 年代早期有过一段乐观的时间initial 早期optimism 乐观→ pessimism 悲观16.edge 优势eg. To gain competitive edge, in the times of knowledge explosion, we should have good command of … →在知识爆炸的时代，要想获得竞争优势，我们应该掌握……【写作万能句】command 掌握17.school n.学派Chicago School 芝加哥学派→“需了解经济学和法学的基础知识”18.cause n.事业great cause 伟大事业misguided cause 误导人的事业→ misguided误导人的（前缀“mis”意为错误；guided意为“…引导的”）19.content内容→ delivery表达方式20.contend主张 = believe = argue21.suspect与doubtsuspect = believe →doubt = don’t believe22.code规则 moral code道德准则词汇精讲笔记整理23.odd①古怪 = strange ；②临时→ odd staff 临时工= low-level staff；③几率→ eg. The odd has jumped eight folds.几率翻了8番24.blame（1）A blames B. A指责 B（2）A is to blame for B原因A负面导致了结果B【例句1】That is not to saythat sth alone is to blame for the sorry state of affairs.这并不是说某物是造成这一遗憾局面的唯一原因。
【写作句】【例句2】PM2.5 is to blame for pneumonoultramicroscpicailicovolcanoconiosisPM2.5 导致了一种病。
（考试时不需要知道这种病具体是指的什么，重点在于懂得短语的意思以及因果关系。
）pneumon o ultra micro scpic ailico volcano coniosis① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ①pneumon表示“肺”③ultra表示“超越” → ultrasonic/ultrasound adj.超声的④micro表示“微观” → Microsoft微软microeconomic微观经济⑤scopic意为“视觉” → scope看，审视⑥silico表示“硅”（silicon）→ silicon valley硅谷⑦volcano n.火山⑧后缀“coniosis”和“knoiosis”都表示“病”【注】通常记忆单词的方法是将单词分解为字母，科学的方法是将单词按构词法分解为词根词缀。
例如：appreciate意为“①欣赏；②理解（=understand）” → 前缀“ap”与前缀“ad”一样，都表示把形容词和名词变为动词；后缀“ate”通常表示词性为动词。
类似的，accompany 意为“陪伴”；accelerate意为“加速”。
（3）A is blamed for B→ “A被指责为B；因为B，A被指责了”be to blame for →原因A负面导致了结果B beblamed for → A被指责为B；因为B，A被指责了25.控制：curb、harness、temper（均 = control ）temper：（内在）控制→ temper the desire of consuming 控制消费的欲望temper → temple n.寺庙→ patriot n.爱国者326.entertain v.热情款待；使有兴趣；抱着，怀有；考虑→entertainment n.娱乐→entertaining = interesting = funny27.far-reaching =profound 影响深远的farfetched 牵强的28.vulnerable adj.易受影响的；易受伤害的；易受控制的（ = susceptible）（1）vulnerable：vulnerable to = likely to = prone to 易于eg. The citizens are prone to the exploitation. 平民容易被剥削。
（2）susceptible：① A is susceptible to B.A容易受B影响eg. The young is susceptible to the advertisement. 年轻人易受广告影响。
②A is susceptible to doing sth.A容易做某事eg. The woman is susceptible to developing disorder when facing stress contrasting to men. 与男性相比，女性在面对压力的时候更容易形成紊乱。
（developing在这里意为“形成”，disorder 意为“紊乱”）③sb is susceptible.某人的性格很敏感29.cover①报道。
eg. BBC covers the disaster.②支付。
eg. Your salary bravely covers the expense.你的薪水很难支付这笔费用。
bravely = hardly expense n.费用30.assume① = believe② assume the responsibility承担责任（这里assume相当于shoulder）③ assume the position of governor出任州长【延伸】美国的立法机关与司法机关：The Court 最高法院→ court 法院 TheCongress 国会→ congress 议会31.buy相信（ = believe） eg.We don’t buy it. 我们不相信。
32.literature文字材料；文学read the literature of this drug 阅读药品说明书munity 与 institution、institute（1）community n.社区；机构；群落eg.legal community 法律机构； the community of the elephant 象群类似的，establishment也可以表示机构，例如：academic establishment学术机构（2）institution n.制度；机构（3）institute做“机构”讲时相当于university例如：Massachusetts Institute of Technology麻省理工学院（MIT）34.anger = seething愤怒 seething anger 极端愤怒35.eyebrow n.眉毛（1）raise eyebrows引起舆论哗然eg. His move raises eyebrows.raise = abuzz →has sb abuzz使某人吃惊 eg.This move has lawyers abuzz. 这个行为让律师觉得吃惊。