2020年山东临沂实验学校高考模拟卷(五)
临沂市达标名校2020年高考五月调研化学试卷含解析
临沂市达标名校2020年高考五月调研化学试卷一、单选题（本题包括15个小题，每小题4分，共60分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．下列说法正确的是A．刚落下的酸雨随时间增加酸性逐渐增强，是由于雨水中溶解了CO2B．用浸泡过高锰酸钾溶液的硅藻土保鲜水果C．氧化性：HC1O>稀H2SO4，故非金属性：Cl>SD．将饱和FeCl3溶液煮沸至红褐色，可制得氢氧化铁胶体2．下列说法不正确的是A．己烷有5种同分异构体（不考虑立体异构），它们的熔点、沸点各不相同B．苯的密度比水小，但由苯反应制得的溴苯、硝基苯的密度都比水大C．聚合物（）可由单体CH3CH＝CH2和CH2＝CH2加聚制得D．1 mol葡萄糖能水解生成2 mol CH3CH2OH和2 mol CO23．部分共价键的键长和键能的数据如表，则以下推理肯定错误的是共价键C﹣C C=C C≡C键长（nm）0.154 0.134 0.120键能（kJ/mol）347 612 838A．0.154 nm＞苯中碳碳键键长＞0.134nmB．C=O键键能＞C﹣O键键能C．乙烯的沸点高于乙烷D．烯烃比炔烃更易与溴加成4．下列各组离子能在指定环境中大量共存的是A．在c（HCO3-）=0.1mol/L的溶液中：NH4+、Al3+、Cl－、NO3-B．在由水电离出的c（H+）=1×10－12mol/L的溶液中：Fe2+、ClO－、Na+、SO42-C．pH=1的溶液中：Mg2+、Fe3+、NO3－、[Ag(NH3)2]+D．在使红色石蕊试纸变蓝的溶液中：SO32-、CO32-、Na+、K+5．X、Y、Z、R，W是原子序数依次递增的五种短周期主族元素，它们所在周期数之和为11。
YZ气体遇空气变成红棕色，R的原子半径是五种元素中最大的，W与Z同主族。
下列说法错误的是（）A．简单离子的半径：Y＞XB．气态氢化物的稳定性：Y＞WC．X、Z和R形成强碱D．最高价氧化物对应的水化物的酸性：W＞R6．用表示阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列叙述不正确的是A ．4.6gNa 与含0.1molHCl 的稀盐酸充分反应，转移电子数目为0.2A NB ．25℃时，1L pH=9的3CH COONa 溶液中由水电离的的数目为-5A 10NC ．常温常压下，2414gC H 和36C H 混合气体所含的原子数为A 3ND ．500℃时，232gSO 和232gO 在密闭容器中充分反应后生成3SO 的分子数为A 0.5N7．A 、B 、C 、D 、E 为原子序数依次增大的短周期主族元素，分布在三个不同周期。
〖5套试卷汇总〗山东省临沂市2020年高考理综物理教学质量检测模拟试题
高考理综物理模拟试卷注意事项：1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、单项选择题1．下列说法中正确的是A．法拉第通过研究电磁感应现象得出了法拉第电磁感应定律B．安培通过研究电荷之间相互作用的规律得到了安培定则C．奥斯特发现了电流的磁效应，首次揭示了电现象和磁现象之间的联系D．汤姆孙通过油滴实验精确测定了元电荷e的电荷量2．如图所示，弹性轻绳的一端套在手指上，另一端与弹力球连接，用手将弹力球以某一竖直向下的初速度向下抛出，抛出后手保持不动。
从球抛出瞬间至球第一次到达最低点的过程中(弹性轻绳始终在弹性限度内，空气阻力忽略不计)，下列说法正确的是A．绳伸直以后，绳的拉力始终做负功，球的动能一直减小B．该过程中，手受到的绳的拉力先增大后减小C．该过程中，重力对球做的功大于球克服绳的拉力做的功D．在最低点时，球、绳和地球组成的系统势能最大3．北京时间2019年4月10日21时，人类首张黑洞照片面世。
该黑洞位于室女座一个巨椭圆星系M87的中心，距离地球5500万光年，质量约为太阳的65亿倍。
黑洞的引力很大，使得视界内的逃逸速度不小于光速。
若某黑洞质量M和半径R的关系満足: (其中c为光速，G为引力常量)，且观测到距黑洞中心距离为r的天体以速度v绕该黑洞做匀速圆周运动，则下列说法正确的是( )A．光年是时间的单位B．该黑洞质量为C．该黑润的半径为D．该黑洞表面的重力加速度为4．如图所示，一理想变压器由一个原线圈和两个副线圈组成，匝数比n1：n2：n3=3：2：1，a、b端接正弦交流电，电路中电阻R1=R2=R3，其余电阻均不计。
2020年山东省临沂高考语文模拟试卷
高考语文模拟试卷一、默写（本大题共1小题，共6.0分）1.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。
韩愈《师说》中的“______ ，______ ”与《劝学》的“青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝”都表达了长江后浪推前浪，一代新人胜旧人的观点。
白居易《琵琶行》中，这两句“______ ，______ ”运用侧面烘托的方法描写了琵琶女的技艺高超又美丽出众。
杜甫的《登高》中，开篇“______ ”，从听觉写出了夔州秋天的典型特征，声音哀怨凄惨。
“______ ”表达了远离故乡、长期漂泊在外的无限悲愁。
二、语言表达（本大题共2小题，共11.0分）2.下面是某校为教师编写个人专业发展规划而提供的流程图，请把这个图转写成一段文字介绍，要求内容完整，表述准确，语言连贯，不超过90个字。
3.下面一则文稿在表达上有几处不妥当，请任意找出四处并改正。
山东省实验中学 70 周年校庆公告南依历山，东临趵泉，弦歌不辍，薪火相传。
2018 年 10 月 18 日，山东省实验中学将迎来建校七十周年华诞。
作为齐鲁基础教育的一面旗帜，学校坚持实验性、示范性，在齐鲁文化的深厚滋养中，广育英才，名盛华夏。
为办好此次校庆活动，特面向各届校友，征集在校期间惠存的校徽、校服、奖章、笔记和具有纪念意义的物品。
并藉此向您们发出诚挚邀请：欢迎拨冗光临此次盛会，共商实验发展大计。
特此公告，敬祈传达。
山东省实验中学2018 年 6 月 1 日三、诗歌鉴赏（本大题共1小题，共9.0分）4.阅读下面这首诗，完成各题。
登雨花台魏禧①生平四十老柴荆②，此日麻鞋拜故京。
谁使山河全破碎？可堪翦伐到园陵③！牛羊践履多新草，冠盖④雍容半旧卿。
歌泣不成天已暮，悲风日夜起江生。
[注]：①魏禧：生于明末，明亡后，隐居翠微山。
②老柴荆：老于茅屋，表示甘守贫贱。
③园陵：指南京钟山的明太祖朱元璋墓。
④冠盖：官僚们的华贵冠服车盖。
下列对这首诗歌的分析和鉴赏，不恰当的一项是______A．杜甫曾以“麻鞋见天子，衣袖露两肘”的诗句表示对唐王朝的耿耿忠心。
2020届新高考英语模拟导航卷(山东卷) 第五卷
2020届新高考英语模拟导航卷（山东卷）第五卷1、Two Types of Dog Trainers1. What may cause some people to give up being pet dog trainers?A. Lacking skills to operate a business,B. Hating to be asked so many questions.C. Failing to reach agreements with dog owners.D. Knowing little about how to properly traindogs.2. Which is the benefit of being a service dog trainer?A. The non-profit service pays you well.B. You may become physically fit.C. Service dogs are much easier to train.D. You can train dogs the way you like.3. Where is the text properly taken from?A. A job website.B. A training center ad.C. An animal magazine.D. A pet care brochure.2、Matthew Layton was 20 minutes from home in Sevierville, Sevier County, Tennessee, when he received a cellphone call from his mother. "The mountain is on fire, and McGee’s up there! He needs a hand," she screamed. "The main road is blocked — head for the back road." Layton owned a dozen rental cabins (小木屋）on Shields Mountain，and Layton’s friend, Brian McGee, who lived on the mountain, was apparently up there trying to put the fire out alone.Once Layton and McGee got together, they headed first to Layton’s rental cabins. Layton wanted to make sure his guests were gone and fortunately they were. At that point, the two had a choice：try to save Layton cabins or rescue people renting other cabins nearby. "On the mountain, there aren’t many locals. They’re mostly tourists who don’t know their way around, " he said. So over the next hours, they passed through the smoky mountain, knocking on doors and leading panicked people to safety. They successfully rescued 14 people at last.One who almost didn’t make it was McGee. On the trip down the mountain with the last touristy the two rescuers got separated. By then，the flames regularly heated the road, and Layton was forced to press a wet towel against his nose and mouth. Soon he found McGee near a cabin, nearly unconscious. Minutes later, they were off the mountain.Fourteen people died that night in Sevier County. But the fire didn’t claim a single life on Shields Mountain. "I wasn’t worried about the loss, when I saw those famil ies trapped on the mountain, "Layton said. "I knew I was going to help them. "1. Why did Layton’s mother call him?A. To inform him about the fire.B. To tell him the safe road to home.C. To ask him to help McGee.D. To warn him of danger on the mountain.2. What did the fire on Shields Mountain lead to eventually?A. Deaths of fourteen people.B. Homelessness of many locals.C. Bums on Layton’s and McGee’s bodies.D. Destruction of Layton\s business.3. Who was the last person that got Layton’s help?A. McGee.B. A tourist on the mountain.C. He himself.D. A guest living in one of his cabins.4. What’s the author’s main purpose of writing the text?A. To show damage of a disaster.B. To encourage people to be brave.C. To express admiration for two heroes.D. To report a mountain fire.3、China is a large producer and consumer of rice. But,as a result of climate change,the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping,known as "the father of hybrid rice" ,to look for new ways of growing the grain.Now they’re celebrating successful efforts to grow rice — in sand and seawater. Rice is traditionally grown in soil and fresh water. Starting from January,according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai. They experimented with seawater because it is easier to obtain in the desert than fresh water.China is not the only country facing the issue of overly salty soil. Around the world, there are around 2.35 billion acres of highly saline(含盐的) land. And the number is increasing because of rising sea levels and climate change."Probably only a small part of the world’s saline land could be brough t into production with seawater rice,but that would still have a very important effect on food security," Even R. Pay, a senior analyst, said.Yuan told Xinhua that one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations.Rice is the basic food in many parts of the world. About 90% of rice consumption is from Asia, but demand in Africa and Latin America is on the rise.A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially benefit many countries, "This is a fantastic development, which is likely to have a good effect on agricultural resource and water-poor countries, particularly in North Africa region."Even though the cost of growing salt-tolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once it's commercialized.1.What has caused the scientists to find new ways of growing rice?A.The increase of rice consumers.B.The high cost of rice producing.C.The land shortage of rice growing.D.The severe pollution of fresh water.2.Yuan’s team have successfully grown rice in sand and seawater in _________.A.ChinaB.Dubaitin AmericaD.North Africa3.What can be inferred from the text?A.About 90% of the rice is demanded and consumed in China.B.The production of a new type of rice is larger than expected.C.The increase of saline land is mainly caused by climate change.D.Seawater is used in the experiment because it is cheaper to gain.4.What is the author’s attitude to the rice-growing experiment?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Critical.D.Disappointed.4、Handwriting is quickly becoming a dying art. Few businesses can run nowadays without computers, giving keyboard shortcuts great importance. Elementary and high schools across the country now view typing courses as vital to their curricula. But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance in society?Brainpower, according to science. Researchers from Princeton University and the University of California, Los Angeles conducted a series of studies to show the differences between students who wrote out their notes and those who typed notes. Participants took notes on a lecture using one of the two methods and were tested on the material 30 minutes after the lecture and again a week later. The results showed that both types of notetakers did well on the first test, but students with handwritten notes were able to remember and still understand the concepts of the lecture after a week had passed. These participants were also more open to new ideas. Researchers said that the reason is likely that longhand notes were briefer, more organized, and better caught information from graphs and charts than typed notes.Another problem with typing notes is the tendency to transcribe lecture notes word for word. While this can help in recalling(回忆) facts short-term, it takes the focus away from the main points of the lesson. Students who take handwritten notes need to quickly process the lesson andrewrite it in a way they can understand, giving them an advantage in remembering new concepts in the long term.Computers aren’t going away anytime soon, but that doesn't mean paper notebooks need to become abandoned. In fact, it’s best to start using them at an early age. Choosing a pen over a keyboard does wonders for your memory.1.Why is handwriting becoming a dying art?A.It is not important any longer.B.It is not a must for most people.C.Courses don’t include it any more.D.Typing has already taken the place of it.2.What did the test prove?A.Science is as powerful as the brain.B.Notes are easy to forget as time goes on.C.Handwriting has a further influence.D.Typing involves more complicated thoughts.3.What does the underlined word "transcribe” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Record.B.Present.C.Describe.D.Give.4.What conclusion does the author draw from the text?A.Lecturers prefer typing to handwriting.puters do wonders for memory.C.The existence of typing is a matter of time.D.It is wise to use a pen at an early age.5、Much meaning can be conveyed clearly with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak.Do you have such kind of experience? ①______, but not too long. And if he senses that he is being stared at, he may feel uncomfortable.②______. If you are looked at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you. If nothing goes wrong, you will feel angry toward others, stare at you that way. Eyes do speak, right?③______. But things are different when it comes to staring at the opposite sex. If a man glances at a woman for more than 10 seconds, his intention is obvious, that is, he wishes to attract her attention to make her understand that he admires her. In fact, continuous eye contact occurs between lovers only, who will enjoy looking at each other tenderly for a long time to show affection that words cannot express.However, the normal eye contact between two people engaged in conversation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener is attentive. ④______, as if he tries to control you, you will feel uncomfortable. A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim, since he believes in the false idea that to look him or her straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication. ⑤_______.Evidently, eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the specific situation.A.Quite the contraryB.The same is happening in daily lifeC.In a bus you may look at a strangerD.Looking too long at someone may seem to be rudeE.This shows the listener is interested in your speechF.If a speaker looks at you continuously when speakingG.Sometimes it doesn't matter to look at someone too long6、阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020高考数学(文)冲刺刷题首先练辑：第三部分 2020高考仿真模拟卷(五) Word版含解析
2020高考仿真模拟卷(五)一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．设全集U ＝R ，集合A ＝{x |(2x －1)(x －3)<0}，B ＝{x |(x －1)(x －4)≤0}，则(∁U A )∩B ＝( )A ．[1,3)B ．(－∞，1)∪[3，＋∞)C ．[3,4]D ．(－∞，3)∪(4，＋∞) 答案 C 解析 因为集合A ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫x ⎪⎪⎪12<x <3，B ＝{x |1≤x ≤4}， 所以∁U A ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫x ⎪⎪⎪x ≤12或x ≥3，所以(∁U A )∩B ＝{x |3≤x ≤4}． 2．在复平面内，复数z ＝4－7i2＋3i (i 是虚数单位)，则z 的共轭复数z －在复平面内对应的点位于( )A ．第一象限B ．第二象限C ．第三象限D ．第四象限 答案 B解析 因为z ＝4－7i 2＋3i ＝(4－7i )(2－3i )13＝－13－26i13＝－1－2i ，所以z 的共轭复数z －＝－1＋2i 在复平面内对应的点(－1,2)位于第二象限．3．在△ABC 中，点D 在边AB 上，且BD→＝12DA →，设CB →＝a ，CA →＝b ，则CD →＝( )A.13a ＋23bB.23a ＋13bC.35a ＋45bD.45a ＋35b 答案 B解析 因为BD→＝12DA →，CB →＝a ，CA →＝b ，故CD →＝a ＋BD →＝a ＋13BA →＝a ＋13(b －a )＝23a ＋13b .4．(2019·济南模拟)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，与双曲线x 24－y 23＝1有相同的渐近线，且位于x 轴上的焦点到渐近线的距离为3的双曲线的标准方程为( )A.x 29－y 24＝1B.x 28－y 29＝1 C.x 212－y 29＝1 D.x 216－y 212＝1 答案 C解析 与双曲线x 24－y 23＝1有相同的渐近线的双曲线的方程可设为x 24－y 23＝λ(λ≠0)，因为该双曲线的焦点在x 轴上，故λ>0.又焦点(7λ，0)到渐近线y ＝32x 的距离为3，所以21λ7＝3，解得λ＝3.所以所求双曲线的标准方程为x 212－y 29＝1.5．若正项等比数列{a n }满足a n a n ＋1＝22n (n ∈N *)，则a 6－a 5的值是( ) A. 2 B ．－16 2 C ．2 D ．162 答案 D解析 因为a n a n ＋1＝22n(n ∈N *)，所以a n ＋1a n ＋2＝22n ＋2(n ∈N *)，两式作比可得a n ＋2an＝4(n ∈N *)，即q 2＝4，又a n >0，所以q ＝2，因为a 1a 2＝22＝4，所以2a 21＝4，所以a 1＝2，a 2＝22，所以a 6－a 5＝(a 2－a 1)q 4＝16 2.6．某几何体的三视图如图所示(单位：cm)，其俯视图为等边三角形，则该几何体的体积(单位：cm 3)是( )A ．4 3 B.1033 C ．2 3 D.833 答案 B解析 由三视图还原几何体如图所示，该几何体为直三棱柱截去一个三棱锥H －EFG ，三角形ABC 的面积S ＝12×2×22－12＝ 3.∴该几何体的体积V ＝3×4－13×3×2＝1033.7．执行如图所示的程序框图，若输出的结果是59，则判断框中可填入的条件是( )A ．i <10?B ．i <9?C ．i >8?D ．i <8? 答案 B解析 由程序框图的功能可得S ＝1×⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1－122×⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1－132×…×⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤1－1(i ＋1)2＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1－12×⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋12×⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1－13×⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋13×…×⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1－1i ＋1⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋1i ＋1＝12×32×23×43×…×ii ＋1×i ＋2i ＋1＝i ＋22i ＋2＝59，所以i ＝8，i ＋1＝9，故判断框中可填入i <9？.8．现有大小形状完全相同的4个小球，其中红球有2个，白球与蓝球各1个，将这4个小球排成一排，则中间2个小球不都是红球的概率为( )A.16B.13C.56D.23 答案 C解析 设白球为A ，蓝球为B ，红球为C ，则不同的排列情况为ABCC ，ACBC ，ACCB ，BACC ，BCAC ，BCCA ，CABC ，CACB ，CBCA ，CBAC ，CCAB ，CCBA 共12种情况，其中红球都在中间的有ACCB ，BCCA 两种情况，所以红球都在中间的概率为212＝16，故中间两个小球不都是红球的概率为1－16＝56.9．(2019·东北三省三校一模)圆周率是圆的周长与直径的比值，一般用希腊字母π表示．早在公元480年左右，南北朝时期的数学家祖冲之就得出精确到小数点后7位的结果，他是世界上第一个把圆周率的数值计算到小数点后第七位的人，这比欧洲早了约1000年．在生活中，我们也可以通过设计下面的实验来估计π的值：从区间[－1，1]内随机抽取200个数，构成100个数对(x ，y )，其中满足不等式y ＞ 1－x 2的数对(x ，y )共有11个，则用随机模拟的方法得到的π的近似值为( )A.7825B.7225C.257D.227 答案 A解析 在平面直角坐标系中作出边长为1的正方形和单位圆，则符合条件的数对表示的点在x 轴上方、正方形内且在圆外的区域，区域面积为2－π2，由几何概型概率公式可得2－π22×2≈11100，解得π≈7825.故选A.10．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)在长方体ABCD －A 1B 1C 1D 1中，AB ＝BC ＝1，AA 1＝3，则异面直线AD 1与DB 1所成角的余弦值为( )A.15B.55C.56D.22 答案 B解析 解法一：(平行线法)如图1，取DB 1的中点O 和AB 的中点M ，连接OM ，DM ，则MO ∥AD 1，∠DOM 为异面直线AD 1与DB 1所成的角．依题意得DM 2＝DA 2＋AM 2＝1＋⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫122＝54.OD 2＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12DB 12＝14×(1＋1＋3)＝54，OM 2＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12AD 12＝14×(1＋3)＝1.∴cos ∠DOM ＝OD 2＋OM 2－DM 22·OD ·OM ＝54＋1－542×52×1＝15＝55.解法二：(割补法)如图2，在原长方体后面补一个全等的长方体CDEF －C 1D 1E 1F 1，连接DE 1，B 1E 1.∵DE 1∥AD 1，∴∠B 1DE 1就是异面直线AD 1与DB 1所成的角．DE 21＝AD 21＝4，DB 21＝12＋12＋(3)2＝5. B 1E 21＝A 1B 21＋A 1E 21＝1＋4＝5.∴在△B 1DE 1中，由余弦定理得cos ∠B 1DE 1＝DE 21＋DB 21－B 1E 212·DE 1·DB 1＝4＋5－52×2×5＝445＝55，即异面直线AD 1与DB 1所成角的余弦值为55.11．如图所示，椭圆有这样的光学性质：从椭圆的一个焦点发出的光线，经椭圆反射后，反射光线经过椭圆的另一个焦点．根据椭圆的光学性质解决下题：已知曲线C 的方程为x 2＋4y 2＝4，其左、右焦点分别是F 1，F 2，直线l 与椭圆C切于点P ，且|PF 1|＝1，过点P 且与直线l 垂直的直线l ′与椭圆长轴交于点M ，则|F 1M |∶|F 2M |＝()A.2∶ 3 B ．1∶ 2 C ．1∶3 D ．1∶3 答案 C解析 由椭圆的光学性质可知，直线l ′平分∠F 1PF 2， 因为S △PF 1M S △PF 2M ＝|F 1M ||F 2M |，又S △PF 1M S △PF 2M ＝12|PF 1||PM |sin ∠F 1PM 12|PF 2||PM |sin ∠F 2PM ＝|PF 1||PF 2|，故|F 1M ||F 2M |＝|PF 1||PF 2|.由|PF 1|＝1，|PF 1|＋|PF 2|＝4，得|PF 2|＝3，故|F 1M |∶|F 2M |＝1∶3.12．设x 1，x 2分别是函数f (x )＝x －a －x 和g (x )＝x log a x －1的零点(其中a >1)，则x 1＋4x 2的取值范围是( )A ．[4，＋∞)B ．(4，＋∞)C ．[5，＋∞)D ．(5，＋∞) 答案 D解析 令f (x )＝x －a －x ＝0，则1x ＝a x ，所以x 1是指数函数y ＝a x (a >1)的图象与y ＝1x 的图象的交点A 的横坐标，且0<x 1<1，同理可知x 2是对数函数y ＝log a x (a >1)的图象与y ＝1x 的图象的交点B 的横坐标．由于y ＝a x 与y ＝log a x 互为反函数，从而有x 1＝1x 2，所以x 1＋4x 2＝x 1＋4x 1.由y ＝x ＋4x 在(0,1)上单调递减，可知x 1＋4x 2>1＋41＝5，故选D.二、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．13．设某总体是由编号为01,02，…，19,20的20个个体组成，利用下面的随机数表选取6个个体，选取方法是从随机数表第1行的第3列数字开始从左到右依次选取两个数字，则选出来的第6个个体编号为________．1818 0792 4544 1716 5809 7983 8619...第1行6206 7650 0310 5523 6405 0526 6238 (2)答案 19解析 由题意，从随机数表第1行的第3列数字1开始，从左到右依次选取两个数字的结果为：18,07,17,16,09,19，…，故选出来的第6个个体编号为19.14．(2019·湖南师范大学附中模拟三)若函数f (x )＝2sin(ωx ＋φ)(ω>0，φ＞0,0＜φ＜π)的图象经过点⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫π6，2，且相邻两条对称轴间的距离为π2，则f ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫π4的值为________．答案3解析 由题意得2πω＝π，∴ω＝2，则f (x )＝2sin(2x ＋φ)，又函数的图象经过点⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫π6，2，则sin ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫π3＋φ＝1，∵0＜φ＜π，∴φ＝π6，即f (x )＝2sin ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫2x ＋π6，则f ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫π4＝2sin ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫π2＋π6＝ 3.15．已知抛物线y 2＝2px (p >0)的准线方程为x ＝－2，点P 为抛物线上的一点，则点P 到直线y ＝x ＋3的距离的最小值为________．答案 22解析 由题设得抛物线方程为y 2＝8x ， 设P 点坐标为P (x ，y )， 则点P 到直线y ＝x ＋3的距离为 d ＝|x －y ＋3|2＝|8x －8y ＋24|82＝|y 2－8y ＋24|82＝|(y －4)2＋8|82≥22，当且仅当y ＝4时取最小值22.16．(2019·南宁摸底考试)在数列{a n }中，a 1＝－2，a n a n －1＝2a n －1－1(n ≥2，n ∈N *)，数列{b n }满足b n ＝1a n －1，则数列{a n }的通项公式为a n ＝________，数列{b n }的前n 项和S n 的最小值为________．答案3n －13n －4－13 解析 由题意知，a n ＝2－1a n －1(n ≥2，n ∈N *)，∴b n ＝1a n －1＝1⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫2－1a n －1－1＝a n －1a n －1－1＝1＋1a n －1－1＝1＋b n －1，即b n －b n －1＝1(n ≥2，n ∈N *)．又b 1＝1a 1－1＝－13，∴数列{b n }是以－13为首项，1为公差的等差数列，∴b n ＝n －43，即1a n －1＝n －43，∴a n ＝3n －13n －4.又b 1＝－13＜0，b 2＝23＞0，∴S n 的最小值为S 1＝b 1＝－13.三、解答题：共70分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．第17～21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答．第22、23题为选考题，考生根据要求作答．(一)必考题：共60分．17．(本小题满分12分)在△ABC 中，角A ，B ，C 所对的边分别为a ，b ，c .已知A ≠π2，且3sin A cos B ＋12b sin2A ＝3sin C .(1)求a 的值；(2)若A ＝2π3，求△ABC 周长的最大值．解 (1)由3sin A cos B ＋12b sin2A ＝3sin C ，得3sin A cos B ＋b sin A cos A ＝3sin C ，由正弦定理，得3a cos B ＋ab cos A ＝3c ，由余弦定理，得3a ·a 2＋c 2－b 22ac ＋ab ·b 2＋c 2－a 22bc ＝3c ，整理得(b 2＋c 2－a 2)(a －3)＝0，因为A ≠π2，所以b 2＋c 2－a 2≠0，所以a ＝3.(另解：由sin C ＝sin(A ＋B )＝sin A cos B ＋cos A sin B 代入条件变形即可)6分 (2)在△ABC 中，A ＝2π3，a ＝3，由余弦定理得，9＝b 2＋c 2＋bc ，因为b 2＋c 2＋bc ＝(b ＋c )2－bc ≥(b ＋c )2－⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫b ＋c 22＝34(b ＋c )2，所以34(b ＋c )2≤9，即(b ＋c )2≤12，所以b ＋c ≤23，当且仅当b ＝c ＝3时，等号成立．故当b ＝c ＝3时，△ABC 周长的最大值为3＋2 3.12分18．(2019·黑龙江齐齐哈尔市二模)(本小题满分12分)某县共有户籍人口60万，经统计，该县60岁及以上、百岁以下的人口占比为13.8%，百岁及以上老人15人．现从该县60岁及以上、百岁以下的老人中随机抽取230人，得到如下频数分布表：解他们的生活状况，则80岁及以上老人应抽多少人？(2)从(1)中所抽取的80岁及以上老人中，再随机抽取2人，求抽到90岁及以上老人的概率；(3)该县按省委办公厅、省人民政府办公厅《关于加强新时期老年人优待服务工作的意见》精神，制定如下老年人生活补贴措施，由省、市、县三级财政分级拨款：①本县户籍60岁及以上居民，按城乡居民养老保险实施办法每月领取55元基本养老金；②本县户籍80岁及以上老年人额外享受高龄老人生活补贴． (a)百岁及以上老年人，每人每月发放345元的生活补贴；(b)90岁及以上、百岁以下老年人，每人每月发放200元的生活补贴； (c)80岁及以上、90岁以下老年人，每人每月发放100元的生活补贴． 试估计政府执行此项补贴措施的年度预算．解 (1)样本中70岁及以上老人共105人，其中80岁及以上老人30人，所以应抽取的21人中，80岁及以上老人应抽30×21105＝6人.3分(2)在(1)中所抽取的80岁及以上的6位老人中，90岁及以上老人1人，记为A ，其余5人分别记为B ，C ，D ，E ，F ，从中任取2人，基本事件共15个：(A ，B )，(A ，C )，(A ，D )，(A ，E )，(A ，F )，(B ，C )，(B ，D )，(B ，E )，(B ，F )，(C ，D )，(C ，E )，(C ，F )，(D ，E )，(D ，F )，(E ，F )，这15个基本事件发生的可能性相等.6分记“抽到90岁及以上老人”为事件M ，则M 包含5个基本事件， 所以P (M )＝515＝13.8分(3)样本中230人的月预算为230×55＋25×100＋5×200＝16150(元)，10分 用样本估计总体，年预算为⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫16150×6×105×13.8%230＋400×15×12＝6984×104(元)．所以政府执行此项补贴措施的年度预算为6984万元.12分19．(2019·湖南长沙长郡中学一模)(本小题满分12分)如图，在多边形ABPCD 中(图1)，四边形ABCD 为长方形，△BPC 为正三角形，AB ＝3，BC ＝32，现以BC 为折痕将△BPC 折起，使点P 在平面ABCD 内的射影恰好在AD 上(图2)．(1)证明：PD ⊥平面P AB ；(2)若点E 在线段PB 上，且PE ＝13PB ，当点Q 在线段AD 上运动时，求三棱锥Q －EBC 的体积．解 (1)证明：过点P 作PO ⊥AD ，垂足为O . 由于点P 在平面ABCD 内的射影恰好在AD 上，∴PO ⊥平面ABCD ，∴PO ⊥AB ，∵四边形ABCD 为矩形，∴AB ⊥AD ，又AD ∩PO ＝O ，∴AB ⊥平面P AD ，2分∴AB ⊥PD ，AB ⊥P A ，又由AB ＝3，PB ＝32，可得P A ＝3，同理PD ＝3，又AD ＝32，∴P A 2＋PD 2＝AD 2， ∴P A ⊥PD ，且P A ∩AB ＝A ， ∴PD ⊥平面P AB .5分(2)设点E 到底面QBC 的距离为h ，则V Q －EBC ＝V E －QBC ＝13S △QBC ×h ，由PE ＝13PB ，可知BE BP ＝23，7分∴h PO ＝23，∵P A ⊥PD ，且P A ＝PD ＝3， ∴PO ＝P A ·PD AD ＝322，∴h ＝23×322＝2，9分 又S △QBC ＝12×BC ×AB ＝12×32×3＝922， ∴V Q －EBC ＝13S △QBC ×h ＝13×922×2＝3.12分20．(本小题满分12分)抛物线y 2＝4x 的焦点为F ，过F 的直线交抛物线于A ，B 两点．(1)若点T (－1,0)，且直线AT ，BT 的斜率分别为k 1，k 2，求证：k 1＋k 2为定值； (2)设A ，B 两点在抛物线的准线上的射影分别为P ，Q ，线段PQ 的中点为R ，求证：AR ∥FQ .证明 (1)设直线AB ：my ＝x －1，A (x 1，y 1)，B (x 2，y 2)， ⎩⎨⎧ my ＝x －1，y 2＝4x ，可得y 2－4my －4＝0，⎩⎨⎧y 1＋y 2＝4m ，y 1y 2＝－4，3分 k 1＋k 2＝y 1x 1＋1＋y 2x 2＋1＝y 1(x 2＋1)＋y 2(x 1＋1)(x 1＋1)(x 2＋1)＝y 1x 2＋y 2x 1＋(y 1＋y 2)(x 1＋1)(x 2＋1)＝y 1(my 2＋1)＋y 2(my 1＋1)＋(y 1＋y 2)(my 1＋1＋1)(my 2＋1＋1)＝2my 1y 2＋2(y 1＋y 2)(my 1＋2)(my 2＋2)＝2m (－4)＋2×4m(my 1＋2)(my 2＋2)＝0.6分(2)A (x 1，y 1)，P (－1，y 1)，Q (－1，y 2)，R ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－1，y 1＋y 22，F (1,0)， k AR ＝y 1＋y 22－y 1－1－x 1＝y 1－y 221＋x 1＝y 1－y 22(1＋x 1)，k QF ＝y 2－0－1－1＝－y 22，8分k AR －k QF ＝y 1－y 22(1＋x 1)＋y 22＝y 1－y 2＋y 2(1＋x 1)2(1＋x 1)＝y 1－y 2＋y 2(my 1＋2)2(1＋x 1)＝(y 1＋y 2)＋my 1y 22(1＋x 1)＝4m ＋m ×(－4)2(1＋x 1)＝0，即k AR ＝k QF ，所以直线AR 与直线FQ 平行.12分21．(2019·山东潍坊一模)(本小题满分12分)已知函数f (x )＝x ln x －(a ＋1)x ，g (x )＝f (x )－a ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12x 2－x －1，a ∈R .(1)当x ＞1时，求f (x )的单调区间；(2)设F (x )＝e x ＋x 3＋x ，若x 1，x 2为函数g (x )的两个不同极值点，证明：F (x 1x 22)＞F (e 2)．解 (1)f ′(x )＝1＋ln x －a －1＝ln x －a ，若a ≤0，x ∈(1，＋∞)，f ′(x )＞0，f (x )单调递增， 若a ＞0，由ln x －a ＝0，解得x ＝e a ，2分 且x ∈(1，e a )，f ′(x )＜0，f (x )单调递减， x ∈(e a ，＋∞)，f ′(x )＞0，f (x )单调递增．综上，当a ≤0时，f (x )的单调递增区间为(1，＋∞)；当a ＞0时，f (x )的单调递增区间为()e a，＋∞，单调递减区间为(1，e a ).5分 (2)证明：F ′(x )＝e x ＋3x 2＋1＞0，故F (x )在R 上单调递增，即证x 1x 22＞e 2，也即证ln x 1＋2ln x 2＞2，又g (x )＝x ln x －ax －x －a 2x 2＋ax ＋a ＝x ln x －a2x 2－x ＋a ，g ′(x )＝1＋ln x －ax －1＝ln x －ax ，所以x 1，x 2为方程ln x ＝ax 的两根，即⎩⎨⎧ln x 1＝ax 1， ①ln x 2＝ax 2， ②即证ax 1＋2ax 2＞2，即a (x 1＋2x 2)＞2， 而①－②得a ＝ln x 1－ln x 2x 1－x 2，8分即证ln x 1－ln x 2x 1－x 2·(x 1＋2x 2)＞2，则证ln x 1x 2·x 1＋2x 2x 1－x 2＞2，变形得ln x 1x 2·x 1x 2＋2x 1x 2－1＞2，不妨设x 1＞x 2，t ＝x 1x 2＞1，即证ln t ·t ＋2t －1＞2，整理得ln t －2(t －1)t ＋2＞0，设h (t )＝ln t －2(t －1)t ＋2，则h ′(t )＝1t －6(t ＋2)2＝t 2－2t ＋4t (t ＋2)2＝(t －1)2＋3t (t ＋2)2＞0，∴h (t )在(1，＋∞)上单调递增，h (t )＞h (1)＝0，即结论成立.12分(二)选考题：共10分．请考生在第22、23题中任选一题作答，如果多做，则按所做的第一题计分．22．(本小题满分10分)选修4－4：坐标系与参数方程在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，以原点O 为极点，x 轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，曲线C 1的方程为x 22＋y 2＝1，曲线C 2的参数方程为⎩⎨⎧x ＝cos φ，y ＝1＋sin φ(φ为参数)，曲线C 3的方程为y ＝x tan α⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫0<α<π2，x >0，曲线C 3与曲线C 1，C 2分别交于P ，Q 两点．(1)求曲线C 1，C 2的极坐标方程； (2)求|OP |2·|OQ |2的取值范围．解 (1)因为x ＝ρcos θ，y ＝ρsin θ，所以曲线C 1的极坐标方程为 ρ2cos 2θ2＋ρ2sin 2θ＝1，即ρ2＝21＋sin 2θ，2分由⎩⎨⎧x ＝cos φ，y ＝1＋sin φ(φ为参数)，消去φ， 即得曲线C 2的直角坐标方程为x 2＋(y －1)2＝1， 将x ＝ρcos θ，y ＝ρsin θ，代入化简， 可得曲线C 2的极坐标方程为ρ＝2sin θ.5分 (2)曲线C 3的极坐标方程为θ＝α⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫ρ>0，0<α<π2.6分由(1)得|OP |2＝21＋sin 2α，|OQ |2＝4sin 2α， 即|OP |2·|OQ |2＝8sin 2α1＋sin 2α＝81sin 2α＋1，8分因为0<α<π2，所以0<sin α<1， 所以|OP |2·|OQ |2∈(0,4).10分23．(本小题满分10分)选修4－5：不等式选讲 已知函数f (x )＝|x －5|－|x ＋3|. (1)解关于x 的不等式f (x )≥x ＋1；(2)记函数f (x )的最大值为m ，若a >0，b >0，e a ·e 4b ＝e 2ab －m ，求ab 的最小值． 解 (1)当x ≤－3时，由5－x ＋x ＋3≥x ＋1，得x ≤7，所以x ≤－3；当－3<x <5时，由5－x －x －3≥x ＋1，得x ≤13，所以－3<x ≤13；当x ≥5时，由x －5－x －3≥x ＋1，得x ≤－9，无解.4分综上可知，x ≤13，即不等式f (x )≥x ＋1的解集为⎝ ⎛⎦⎥⎤－∞，13.5分(2)因为|x －5|－|x ＋3|≤|x －5－x －3|＝8，所以函数f (x )的最大值m ＝8.6分 因为e a ·e 4b ＝e 2ab －8，所以a ＋4b ＝2ab －8.又a >0，b >0，所以a ＋4b ≥24ab ＝4ab ，当且仅当a ＝4b 时，等号成立，7分所以2ab －8－4ab ≥0，即ab －4－2ab ≥0. 所以有(ab －1)2≥5.8分又ab >0，所以ab ≥1＋5或ab ≤1－5(舍去)，ab≥6＋25，即ab的最小值为6＋2 5.10分。
山东临沂实验学校高三高考模拟卷(五)英语试题
2020届山东临沂实验学校高三高考模拟卷（五）英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择This is What a REAL Silver Dollar Looks LikeIf you trust in the yen, the euro,and the dollar...stop reading.Because this is a story aboutthe sliver coin EVERYBODY wants.You read the headlines.You know that troubled economic times have put global currency on a rollercoaster(过山车) ride.But millions have found a smarter way to build long-term value with high-grade collectable silver.And right now, those people are lining up to secure some of the last 2012 U．S.Mint Silver Eagles, America's Newest Silver Eagle Dollars. Today, you can graduate to the front of that line.Buy now and you can own these brilliant uncirculated Silver Dollars for only $38.95!You Can't Afford to LoseWhy are we releasing(发行) this silver dollar for such a remarkable price? Because we want to introduce you to what hundreds of thousands of smart collectors and satisfied customers have known since 1984—New York Mint is the place to find the world's finest high-grade coins.That's why we're offering you this Brilliant Uncirculated 2012 U．S.Silver Eagle for as little as $37.45(plus s/h)．Timing is EverythingOur advice? Keep this to yourself.Because the more people who know about this offer, the worse it is for you.Demand for Silver Eagles in 2011 broke records.Experts predict that 2012 Silver Eagles may break them all over again.Due to rapid changes in the price of silver, prices may be higher or lower and are subject to(受……影响) change without notice.Supplies are limited.Call immediately to add these Silver Eagles to your holdings before it's too late.Offer Limited to 40 per household2012 American Silver Eagle CoinYour cost 1-4 Coins $38.95 each＋s/h5-9 Coins $38.45 each＋s/h10-19 Coins $37.95 each＋s/h20-40 Coins $37.45 each＋s/hNote：$10 s/h(shipping and handling) for each purchaseFor fastest service, call toll-free 24 hours a day1-888-201-7143Offer Code(代码) ASE177-04Please mention this code when you call.New York Mint14101 Southcross Drive W．，Dept.ASE177-04Burnsville, Minnesota 553371．What is stressed in the ad?A．The coin is of high quality and worth collecting.B．The coin can be circulated as a currency.C．Limited supplies guarantee a stable price of the coin.D．Demand for the coin is bound to break records.2．If you buy six 2012 U．S.Mint Silver Eagles by post, you should pay at least ________. A．$230.7 B．$233.7 C．$240.7 D．$243.7 3．The ad strongly encourages people to purchase the silver coins by ________. A．shopping onlineB．making a phone callC．lining up in front of the storesD．writing to the companyIn 2000, a tiny goose was left behind by his parents in our driveway. He was too young to fly and join the adults. So, we had to bring him onto our back porch to ensure his safety. A week later, the young goose had clearly decided we were his new family. We called the little guy Peeper.A year passed and we were accustomed to the life of taking care of him. Peeper slept on our back porch each night. My da d would spray off all the goose’s droppings daily. Part of this ritual(例行的事)included dad throwing Peeper up into the air so he could fly a loop around the house, coming back again once the porch was clean. One evening, my dad threw him up again, but this time, Peeper just flew off and never back again. Twenty years passed, and Peeper became a fond memory for my family.Geese live to be around 25 years old, are very loyal, and never forget their first home. Even so, it came as a total shock to me when, in 2019, an aging adult goose made his way back to my family home. At first, I assumed it was just another goose. And yet, something about the lone male seemed oddly familiar to me.After two weeks of the goose coming back repeatedly, it became clear to me that this wasn't a random goose. He did all of the same things Peeper used to, like trying to come in through the front door and sleeping in our enclosed pool area. In addition to looking like Peeper's old ways, this goose also responded to the name Peeper. Much to my amazement, my old best friend had returned, 20 years later.This experience has been as meaningful to me as anything in my life. I hope that my children, someday, have the opportunity to connect with nature and a wild being in this same way. People long for connection with the natural world. Through Peeper, I have learned so much about myself and about the nature of love.4．What did the author's family do to the little goose?A．He taught him some tricks.B．They restricted his flight.C．He tried to drive him away.D．They took good care of him.5．What do we know about geese from this text?A．They depend on human very much.B．They always remember the first home.C．They know how to repay human beings.D．They are good at flying long distances.6．What does the author think of the reunion with the goose?A．It is controversial. B．It is quite natural.C．It is of significance. D．It is accidental.7．What can be a suitable title for this text?A．The Reunion of a Family and a GooseB．A Goose with a Great MemoryC．A Goose Will Eventually Fly AwayD．The Desire to Get on Well with AnimalsResearchers have found, for the first time plants letting out sounds when they are stressed. According to a study a team of scientists recorded tomato and tobacco (烟草) plants producing sound frequencies which humans cannot hear in stressful situations—such as when they experienced a lack of water or their stems (茎) were cut.Previous research has shown that plants respond to stress by producing several visual and chemical signals. For example, stressed plants may differ in color and shape compared to unstressed plants. Meanwhile, some are also known to let out things in response to drought (干旱) or being eaten.The latest study, meanwhile, is the first to identify plants making sounds which can be detected over a distance. The team detected the tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour on average when they were exposed to drought conditions, while the tobacco plants produced 11. When the stems of the plants were cut, the tomato plants made 25 sounds an hour on average and the tobacco plants produced 15. As a comparison, unstressed plants made less than one sound per hour on average, according to the study.The team say that while they only tested tomato and tobacco, it’s possible that other plants could also produce sounds, adding that the latest findings could have an influence on agriculture. “Plant sound production could offer a new way for monitoring crops water state—a question of key importance in agriculture”, the authors w rote in the study more precise irrigation can save up to 50 percent of the water cost and increase the production.“In times when more and more areas are exposed to drought due to climate change, while human population and consumption keep increasing, effective water use becomes even more important for food security”, they said “Our results, showing the ability to distinguish between drought-stressed and control plants on the basis of plant sounds, open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture.”8．Which of the following best describes plants’ response to stress in the study?A．Sing. B．Laugh.C．Cry. D．Sigh.9．What can we know from the first 3 paragraphs?A．Humans can hear the sound produced by plants.B．Stressed and unstressed plants look the same.C．Plants in stressful situations make the fewest sounds.D．Stressed tomato plants make more sounds than tobacco.10．How can the study help agriculture?A．Lower the cost. B．Better the quality.C．Monitor climate change. D．Control the pests.11．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A．Science. B．Health.C．Education. D．Culture.We've all spent time in a hospital, whether through medical issues of our own or those of a loved one. And while we're used to seeing the doctors hurry in and out of the room, displaying varying degrees of attention, it's the constant and reliable presence of the nursing staff and their professionalism that gives the most confidence and relief to those in the room.So, while doctors and surgeons tend to get most spotlight, nurses are really at the forefront of patient care. They are often called upon to make important, life-saving decisions multiple times a day and work closely with doctors to analyze records and test results to advise on treatment. It's the nurses that are frequently responsible for identifying a condition and matching the right specialist doctor to a patient, and it's the nurses that are often the first on the scene to treat people in an emergency.A career in Nursing brings job security, a good wage, career mobility, and chance to decide your own career path. You can work part or full time according to your preference. You can be flexible on work location and specialism. If a particular area interests you, you can explore that as there will always be the need for quality nurses across the medical spectrum(医学光谱)with a passion for their work. Jobs in the field are in high demand, with significant opportunities to learn, grow and reach senior leadership positions. However, if you want to undertake a career in Nursing, a good education is compulsory.The University of Texas at El Paso School of Nursing offers high quality and affordable undergraduate and graduate programs reinforced by talented faculty(全体教师), strongclinical partnerships and advanced simulation(模拟)technology. Students do gain much real experience before working in a hospital. Adelphi's College of Nursing and Public Health provides students with a top-rated, comprehensive education grounded in practice, theory and creativity. They are devoted to transforming students' lives through small classes withworld-class faculty, hands-on learning and creative ways to support academic and career success. The Wayne State University College of Nursing, attaching special importance tofirst-hand experience, is dedicated to providing the highest quality education to a diverse population of graduate students. Graduates from the college are prepared to be nurse leaders in research, education and practice.12．What can comfort patients most in the hospital?A．Spending less time there.B．Receiving concrete care from nurses.C．Drawing little attention there.D．Getting timely information from doctors.13．What is the second paragraph mainly about?A．The content of different positions.B．The process of patient care.C．The importance of nursing work.D．The contribution of doctors.14．Which of the following can best describe the nurse professional?A．Low-paid and secure.B．Promising and significant.C．Flexible and tiresome.D．Demanding and dangerous.15．What do colleges in the last paragraph have in common?A．They charge high learning fees.B．They offer small-class teaching.C．They require basic nursing education.D．They provide hands-on learning.二、七选五Criticism (批评) is harmful to healthy relations hips. It’s okay to expressdisappointment if someone is behaving in a way that hurts you. 16．The following are some ways to catch criticism before it begins.17．Before you criticize, pause and consider whether you really need to say anything at all. If someone did something to get on your nerves, would you really need to point it out? Sometimes, it’s best to let small rudeness go Take a few deep breaths and leave the room instead of criticizing.Be realistic. Critical people often have very high expectations of those around them. Your tendency to criticize may come from expecting too much from others. Sometimes you may find yourself consistently annoyed or disappointed with others. 18．Separate the individual from their actions. Critical people often focus on the negative aspects of a situation or a person, failing to see good qualities alongside negative ones. If you find yourself making assumptions about a person’s character, stop yourself. 19．We all behave poorly sometimes, but a single action is not a reflection of character.Focus on positives. Oftentimes, being critical results from how you’re choosing to see a situation. 20．However, the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh the bad ones. Try to focus on a person’s positive qualities over their negative ones.A．Never criticize others.B．Think before you speak.C．Everyone has drawbacks and imperfections.D．It may be a good idea to adjust your expectations.E.We should foc us on other people’s disappointing actions.F.Try to separate a disappointing action from the person doing the action.G.Being overly critical, however, can cause tension in a relationship over time.三、完形填空The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.Starbucks literally changed the definition of “a good cup of coffee”. For Starbucks, the brand had three elements: coffee, 21 and stores. Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans 22 that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality. Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and 23 service. Store design, atmosphere and aroma (浓香) all 24 the “Starbucks Experience”.Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled. Starbucks prided itself on the “Starbucks Experience”, 25 coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers.26 those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee. You get great people, first-rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and 27 advice on brewing excellent coffee at home. At home you’re part of a family. At work you’re part of a company. And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself. That’s what a Starbucks store has been 28 to creating for its customers —a kind of “third place” where the y can29 , reflect, read, chat or listen.The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea. It was designed by Terry Heckler, who got the 30 from the wooden statue of the sea. Mermaid logo also 31 original and modern meanings: her face is very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging; the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle.Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of 32 : the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think, through the huge glass windows, watching the crowded streets, 33 sipping a coffee flavor, which is in line with the “Yapi”, the feeling o f experience in the 34 life.But the 35 of Starbucks is not about the coffee, although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.21．A．people B．managers C．customers D．clients 22．A．assured B．promised C．ensured D．predicted 23．A．emergency B．environment C．employment D．customer 24．A．consisted of B．benefited from C．contributed to D．headed for 25．A．going beyond B．coming across C．making up D．depending on 26．A．With regard to B．In addition to C．Compared with D．In terms of 27．A．general B．reasonable C．legal D．fascinating 28．A．committed B．alerted C．subjected D．required 29．A．negotiate B．perform C．conceal D．escape 30．A．imagination B．inspiration C．patent D．philosophy31．A．creates B．cultivates C．credits D．conveys 32．A．brand B．logo C．possession D．experience 33．A．greedily B．gently C．persistently D．indifferently 34．A．busy B．easy C．miserable D．energetic 35．A．product B．vision C．essence D．importance四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
山东省临沂市第一中学2024届高三下学期高考模拟训练(五)物理试题试卷
山东省临沂市第一中学2024届高三下学期高考模拟训练（五）物理试题试卷 注意事项：1． 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、单项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1、在竖直平面内有一条抛物线，在抛物线所在平面建立如图所示的坐标系。
在该坐标系内抛物线的方程为24y x =，在y 轴上距坐标原点 1.5m h =处，向右沿水平方向抛出一个小球，经0.5s 后小球落到抛物线上。
则小球抛出时的速度大小为（g 取210m/s ）A ．1m/sB ．0.75m/sC ．0.5m/sD ．0.25m/s2、如图所示，三条绳子的一端都系在细直杆顶端，另一端都固定在水平面上，将杆竖直紧压在地面上，若三条绳长度不同，下列说法正确的有（ ）A ．三条绳中的张力都相等B ．杆对地面的压力等于自身重力C ．绳子对杆的拉力在水平方向的合力为零D ．绳子拉力的合力与杆的重力是一对平衡力3、如图所示是某同学荡秋千的一种方式： 人站在秋千板上，双手抓着两侧秋千绳：当他从最高点A 向最低点B 运动时，他就向下蹲：当他从最低点B 向最高点C 运动时，他又站立起来；从C 回到B 他又向下蹲……这样荡，秋千会越荡越高。
设秋千板宽度和质量忽略不计，人在蹲立过程中，人的身体中心线始终在两秋千绳和秋千板确定的平面内。
则下列说法中，正确的是（ ）A．人在最低点B时处于失重状态B．在最高点A时，人和秋千受到的合力为0C．若整个过程中人保持某个姿势不动，则秋千会越荡越低D．在题干所述摆动过程中，整个系统机械能守恒4、如图所示,长为L的轻直棒一端可绕固定轴O转动,另一端固定一质量为m的小球,小球搁在水平升降台上,升降平台以速度v匀速上升,下列说法正确的是( )A．小球做匀速圆周运动B．当棒与竖直方向的夹角为α时,小球的速度为v cos LαC．棒的角速度逐渐增大D．当棒与竖直方向的夹角为时,棒的角速度为v sin Lα5、三根通电长直导线平行放置，其截面构成等边三角形，O点为三角形的中心，通过三根直导线的电流大小分别用小I1，I2、I3表示，电流方向如图所示.当I1=I2=I3=I时，O点的磁感应强度大小为B，通电长直导线在某点产生的磁感应强度大小跟电流成正比，则下列说法正确的是（）A．当I1=3I，I2=I3=I时，O点的磁感应强度大小为2BB．当I1=3I，I2=I3=I时，O点的磁感应强度大小为3BC．当I2=3I，I1=I3=I时，O点的磁感应强度大小为32BD．当I3=3I，I1=I2=I时，O点的磁感应强度大小为236、如图所示，相距为L的两条足够长的光滑平行不计电阻的金属导轨与水平面夹角为θ，处于方向垂直导轨平面向下且磁感应强度为B的匀强磁场中。
2020年山东省临沂市高考物理模拟试卷(6月份)(含解析)
2020年山东省临沂市高考物理模拟试卷(6月份)一、单选题（本大题共8小题，共24.0分）1.科学的研究方法促进了人们对事物本质和规律的认识，以下说法中正确的是()A. 法拉第在研究电磁感应现象时，利用了理想实验的方法B. 螺旋测微器的设计主要采用了放大法C. 确定交流电的有效值应用了控制变量法D. 库仑对点电荷间相互作用的研究采用了等效替代法2.关于分子热运动和温度，下列说法正确的是()A. 分子的平均动能越大，物体的温度越高B. 波涛汹涌的海水上下翻腾，说明水分子热运动剧烈C. 水凝结成冰，表明水分子的热运动已停止D. 运动快的分子温度高，运动慢的分子温度低3.如图所示，在同一轨道平面上的几个人造地球卫星A、B、C绕地球做匀速圆周运动，某一时刻恰好在同一直线上，下列说法中正确的是()A. 根据v=√gr可知，运行速度满足v A>v B>v CB. 向心加速度满足a A<a B<a CC. 运转角速度满足ωA>ωB>ωCD. 运动一周后，A最先回到图示位置4.如图所示，一带电小球沿与CD平行方向，(垂直AD方向)射入倾角为θ的光滑斜面上，斜面所在区域存在和AD平行的匀强电场，小球运动轨迹如图中虚线所示，则()A. 若微粒带正电荷，则电场方向一定沿斜面向下B. 微粒从M点运动到N点电势能一定增加C. 微粒从M点运动到N点动能一定增加D. 微粒从M点运动到N点机械能一定增加5.如图所示，平行板电容器通过一滑动变阻器R与直流电源连接，G为一零刻度在表盘中央的灵敏电流计，闭合开关S后，下列说法正确的是()A. 若只在两板间插入电介质，电容器的两板间电压将增大B. 若只在两板间插入电介质，电容器的电容将保持不变C. 若只将滑动变阻器滑片P向上移动，电容器储存的电量将增加D. 若只将电容器下极板向下移动一小段距离，此过程电流计中有从a到b方向的电流6.如图所示，用与水平方向成θ的力F，拉质量为m的物体水平匀速前进x，已知物体和地面间的动摩擦因数为μ，则在此过程中F做功为()A. mgxB. μmgxC. μmgxcosθ+μsinθD. μmgx1+μtanθ7.如图所示，物块以初速度沿光滑斜面向上滑行，速度减为零后返回．取沿斜面向上为速度正方向，物块的图象正确的是()A.B.C.D.8.如图所示，交流电源通过理想变压器对负载D供电，交流电源的输出电压随时间变化的关系是u=U m sin100πtV，理想变压器原、副线圈匝数比为n1：n2=1：2，下列说法正确的是()A. 交流电源输入电压的频率是100HzB. 理想变压器输出电压的频率是100HzC. 理想变压器输出电压是2U m VD. 若负载D是光敏电阻，将原来照射D的光遮挡住，则电源输出功率减小二、多选题（本大题共4小题，共16.0分）9.一定量的理想气体从状态a开始，经历三个过程ab、bc、ca回到原状态，其p−T图象如图所示．下列判断正确的()A. 过程ab中气体体积一定增大B. 过程bc中内能不变C. a、b和c三个状态中，状态a分子的平均动能最小D. b和c两个状态的温度相同10.如图甲所示，MN左侧有一垂直纸面向里的匀强磁场．现将一边长为l、质量为m、电阻为R的正方形金属线框置于该磁场中，使线框平面与磁场方向垂直，且bc边与磁场边界MN重合．当t=0时，对线框施加一水平拉力F，使线框由静止开始向右做匀加速直线运动；当t=t0时，线框的ad边与磁场边界MN重合．图乙为拉力F随时间t变化的图线．由以上条件可知，磁场的磁感应强度B的大小及t0时刻线框的速率v为()A. B=1l √mRt0B. B=1l√2mRt0C. v=F0t0mD. v=2F0t0m11.如图所示，图甲为某一列简谐横波在t=0.5s时的波形，图乙为介质中P处质点的振动图象，则关于该波的说法正确的是()A. 传播方向沿+x方向传播B. 波速为16m/sC. P处质点振动频率为1HzD. P处质点在5 s内路程为10mE. P处质点在5 s内的位移为0.5m12.如图为儿童游乐场的滑梯示意图，滑梯可视为倾角为θ、质量为M的斜面固定在地面上，小美手持细线下端悬挂一小球沿滑梯滑下，小美连同小球的质量为m，下滑时，细线呈竖直状态，则在下滑过程中，下列说法正确的是()A. 滑梯对地面的压力大小为(M+m)gB. 小美、小球组成的系统机械能守恒C. 小美与滑梯间的动摩擦因数一定为tanθD. 系统增加的内能大于小美减少的机械能三、实验题（本大题共2小题，共14.0分）13.用落体法验证机械能守恒定律，器材安装如图甲．(1)请指出图甲中的错误及不妥之处(至少写出两处)①②(2)改进实验中错误及不妥之处后，打出如图乙所示一条纸带．已知打点计时器所用交流电的频率为50Hz，根据纸带所给数据，可求出打C点时重物的速度为m/s(结果保留3位有效数字)．(3)某同学利用打出的纸带，测量出了各计数点到打点计时器打下的第一个点的距离h，算出了v 2为纵轴，以h为横轴，画出了如图丙所示的图线．图线未过原点各计数点对应的速度v，以12O的原因是___________________________________．(4)某同学选用两个形状相同质量不同的重物a和b进行实验测得几组数据，画出 v2−ℎ的图象如2图丁所示，求出图线的斜率k，则图像斜率不同的原因是，由图象可知a的质量m 1b 的质量m 2(选填“大于”或“小于”)．14.某一实验小组用如图甲所示电路测量电源E的电动势和内阻，图中电压表的量程是3V，虚线框内为用电流计改装的电流表．甲(1)已知电流计的满偏电流I g=200mA、内阻r g=1.0Ω，电路中已将它改装为量程400mA的电流表，则R1=________Ω．(2)通过移动变阻器R的滑片，得到多组电压表的读数U和电流计的读数I，作出如图乙所示的图像．(3)某次测量时，电压表的示数如图丙所示，则此时通过电源E的电流为________mA．(4)根据图乙得出电源E的电动势等于________V，内阻等于________Ω.(小数点后保留两位)(5)本实验中电压表的内阻对实验的测量结果________(填“有”或“无”)影响．四、计算题（本大题共4小题，共46.0分）15.质量m=1.5kg的物块(可视为质点)在水平恒力F作用下，从水平面上A点由静止开始运动，运动一段距离x=1m后撤去该力，物块继续滑行t=2s停在B点，已知物块与水平面间的动摩擦μ=0.2，重力加速度g=10m/s2，求：(1)撤去恒力时，物块的速度大小；(2)恒力F的大小．16.如图所示，平底方形水池宽度L=6.4m，一人站在水池边，其眼睛E距离水面的高度为ℎ1=1.8m，对面水池边沿正上方有一灯S1，S1距离水面的高度为ℎ2=3.0m，池底边沿有一灯S2，人向水面看去，看到S1经水面反射成的像与S2的像重叠．已知水的折射率n=4，求水池中水的深度．317.在电子技术中，科研人员经常通过在适当的区域施加磁场或电场束控制带电粒子的运动。
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2020 年山东临沂实验学校高考模拟卷(五）英语（考试时间：100 分钟）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AThis is What a REAL Silver Dollar Looks LikeIf you trust in the yen, the euro, and the dollar... stop reading.Because this is a story about the silver coin EVERYBODY wants.You read the headlines. You know that troubled economic times have put global currency on a rollercoaster ride. But millions have found a smarter way to build long-term value with high-grade collectable silver. And right now, those people are lining up to secure some of the last 2012 U. S. Mint Silver Eagles, America's Newest Silver Eagle Dollars. Today, you can graduate to the front of that line. Buy now and you can own these brilliant uncirculated Silver Dollars for only $38.95!You Can't Afford to LoseWhy are we releasing this silver dollar for such a remarkable price? Because we want to introduce you to what hundreds of thousands of smart collectors and satisfied customers have known since 1984—New York Mint is the place to find the world's finest high-grade coins. That's why we're offering you this Brilliant Uncirculated 2012 U. S. Silver Eagle for as little as $37.45 (plus s/h).Timing is EverythingOur advice? Keep this to yourself. Because the more people who know about this offer, the worse it is for you. Demand for Silver Eagles in 2011 broke records. Experts predict that 2012 Silver Eagles may break them all over again. Due to rapid changes in the price of silver, prices may be higher or lower and are subject to(受...影响) change without notice. Supplies are limited. Call immediately to add these Silver Eagles to your holdings before it's too late. Offer Limited to 40 per household 2012 American Silver Eagle CoinYour cost1-4 Coins $38.95 each + s/h5-9 Coins $38.45 each + s/h10-19 Coins $37. 95 each + s/h20-40 Coins $37.45 each + s/hNote: $10 s/h (shipping and handling) for each purchaseFor fastest service, call toll-free 24 hours a dayNew York Mint 141011-888-201-7143Southcross Drive W.,Dept. ASE177-04Offer Code (代码) ASE177-04Burnsville, Minnesota 55337Please mention this code when you call.www. NewYorkMint. com1. What is stressed in the ad?A. The coin can be circulated as a currency.B. Demand for the coin is bound to break records.C. The coin is of high quality and worth collecting.D. Limited supplies guarantee a stable price of the coin.2. If you buy six 2012 U. S. Mint Silver Eagles by post, you should pay at least .A. $230.7B. $233.7C. $240.7D. $243.73. The ad strongly encourages people to purchase the silver coins by .A. shopping onlineB. making a phone callC. writing to the companyD. lining up in front of the storesBIn 2000,a tiny goose was left behind by his parents in our driveway.He was too young to fly and join the adults.So,we had to bring him onto our back porch to ensure his safety.A week later,the young goose had clearly decided we were his new family.We called the little guy Peeper.A year passed and we were accustomed to the life of taking care of him.Peeper slept on our back porch each night.My dad would spray off all the goose's droppings daily.Part of this ritual(例行的事）included dad throwing Peeper up into the air so he could fly a loop around the house,coming back again once the porch was clean.One evening,my dad threw him up again,but this time,Peeper just flew off and never back again. Twenty years passed,and Peeper became a fond memory for my family.Geese live to be around 25 years old,are very loyal,and never forget their first home.Even so,it came as a total shock to me when,in 2019,an aging adult goose made his way back to my family home.At first,I assumed it was just another goose.And yet,something about the lone male seemed oddly familiar to me.After two weeks of the goose coming back repeatedly,it became clear to me that this wasn't a random goose.He did all of the same things Peeper used to,like trying to come in through the front door and sleeping in our enclosed pool area.In addition to looking like Peeper's old ways,this goose also responded to the name Peeper.Much to my amazement,my old best friend had returned,20 years later.This experience has been as meaningful to me as anything in my life.I hope that my children,someday, have the opportunity to connect with nature and a wild being in this same way.People long for connection with the natural world.Through Peeper,I have learned so much about myself and about the nature of love.4.What did the author's family do to the little goose?A.He taught him some tricks.B.They restricted his flight.C.He tried to drive him away.D.They took good care of him.5.What do we know about geese from this text?A.They depend on human very much.B.They always remember the first home.C.They know how to repay human beings.D.They are good at flying long distances.6.What does the author think of the reunion with the goose?A.It is controversial.B.It is quite natural.C.It is of significance.D.It is accidental.7.What can be a suitable title for this text?A.The Reunion of a Family and a GooseB.A Goose with a Great MemoryC.A Goose Will Eventually Fly AwayD.The Desire to Get on Well with AnimalsCResearchers have found, for the first time plants letting out sounds when they are stressed. According to a study a team of scientists recorded tomato and tobacco (烟草) plants producing sound frequencies which humans cannot hear in stressful situations—such as when they experienced a lack of water or their stems (茎) were cut.Previous research has shown that plants respond to stress by producing several visual and chemical signals. For example, stressed plants may differ in color and shape compared to unstressed plants. Meanwhile, some are also known to let out things in response to drought (干旱) or being eaten.The latest study, meanwhile, is the first to identify plants making sounds which can be detected over a distance. The team detected the tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour on average when they were exposed to drought conditions, while the tobacco plants produced 11. When the stems of the plants were cut, the tomato plants made 25 sounds an hour on average and the tobacco plants produced 15. As a comparison, unstressed plants made less than one sound per hour on average, according to the study.The team say that while they only tested tomato and tobacco, it’s possible that other plants could also produce sounds, adding that the latest findings could have an influence on agriculture. “P lant sound production could offer a new way for monitoring crops water state—a question of key importance in agricultur e”, the authors wrote in the study more precise irrigation can save up to 50 percent of the water cost and increase the production.“In times when more and more areas are exposed to drought due to climate change, while human population and consumption keep increasing, effective water use becomes even more important for food securit y”, they said “Our results, showing the ability to distinguish between drought-stressed and control plants on the basis of plant sounds, open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture.”8. Which of the following best describes plan ts’ response to stress in the study?A. Sing.B. Laugh.C. Cry.D. Sigh.9. What can we know from the first 3 paragraphs?A. Humans can hear the sound produced by plants.B. Stressed and unstressed plants look the same.C. Plants in stressful situations make the fewest sounds.D. Stressed tomato plants make more sounds than tobacco.10. How can the study help agriculture?A. Lower the cost.B. Better the quality.C. Monitor climate change.D. Control the pests.11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Science.B. Health.C. Education.D. Culture.DWe've all spent time in a hospital, whether through medical issues of our own or those of a loved one. And while we're used to seeing the doctors hurry in and out of the room, displaying varying degrees of attention, it's the constant and reliable presence of the nursing staff and their professionalism that gives the most confidence and reliefto those in the room.So, while doctors and surgeons tend to get most spotlight, nurses are really at the forefront of patient care. They are often called upon to make important, life-saving decisions multiple times a day and work closely with doctors to analyze records and test results to advise on treatment. It's the nurses that are frequently responsible for identifying a condition and matching the right specialist doctor to a patient, and it's the nurses that are often the first on the scene to treat people in an emergency.A career in Nursing brings job security, a good wage, career mobility, and chance to decide your own career path. You can work part or full time according to your preference. You can be flexible on work location and specialism. If a particular area interests you, you can explore that as there will always be the need for quality nurses across the medical spectrum （医学光谱）with a passion for their work. Jobs in the field are in high demand, with significant opportunities to learn, grow and reach senior leadership positions. However, if you want to undertake a career in Nursing, a good education is compulsory.The University of Texas at El Paso School of Nursing offers high quality and affordable undergraduate and graduate programs reinforced by talented faculty （全体教师）,strong clinical partnerships and advanced simulation （模拟）technology. Students do gain much real experience before working in a hospital. Adelphi's College of Nursing and Public Health provides students with a top-rated, comprehensive education grounded in practice, theory and creativity. They are devoted to transforming students' lives through small classes with world-class faculty, hands-on learning and creative ways to support academic and career success. The Wayne State University College of Nursing, attaching special importance to first-hand experience, is dedicated to providing the highest quality education to a diverse population of graduate students. Graduates from the college are prepared to be nurse leaders in research, education and practice.12. What can comfort patients most in the hospital?A. Spending less time there.B. Receiving concrete care from nurses.C. Drawing little attention there.D. Getting timely information from doctors.13. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The content of different positions.B. The process of patient care.C. The importance of nursing work.D. The contribution of doctors.14. Which of the following can best describe the nurse professional?A. Low-paid and secure.B. Promising and significant.C. Flexible and tiresome.D. Demanding and dangerous.15. What do colleges in the last paragraph have in common?A. They charge high learning fees.B. They offer small-class teaching.C. They require basic nursing education.D. They provide hands-on learning.第二节(共5 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分12.5 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。