英文名片的制作与翻译(教案设计)

英文名片的制作与翻译(教案设计)
英文名片的制作与翻译(教案设计)

英文名片的制作与翻译

在商务活动中,交换名片是一项很流行,也很重要的活动。在对外交流中,将自己的名片印上英文是很有必要的。这就要求名片上的英文写法要规,顺序符合英语规则。

一般的名片上的信息可分为七个部分:

1、公司名称(the name of company)

2、本人(person’s name)

3、职位、职称、衔头(position, title)

4、公司地址(the address of your company)

5、(telephone number)

6、传真(fax number)

7、电子( E-mail address)

(1)关于地名的写法,一般遵循从小地名到名的写法。

一般顺序为:室号—门牌号—街道名—城市名—省(洲)--国家

Room ** No. ** *** Road (Street), *** City

**** Province ******(邮编)

***** (country)

(2)地址在名片上,应该保持一定的完整性。门牌号与街道名不可分开写,必须在同一行,不可断行。名种名称不可断开。

(3)门牌号英美写法可有不同,英语写No. 26美语可写26#

(4)汉语的人名,地名一般写汉语拼音。有些译法可以不同:如中路,可以译为Zhongshan East Road,也可译为Zhongshan Donglu Road,但象一些地名,如南天门,槐南路,就应该直写拼音,而不能将其中某个字译为英语。即:Nantianmeng, Huainan Road而不是South Tianmeng, Huai South Road.

名片翻译

一.公司名称翻译

近几年来,针对我国公司名称翻译中出现的一些问题,不少有识之士相继著文,辨是非、析原因、探正译,为实现译名的规化和增强译名的可读性做了大量富有成效的工作。不过,笔者在研读有关文献时也发现,部分文献在对某些问题的看法上仍有偏颇甚至错误的地方,有再商榷并加以澄清的必要。

(一)、以偏概全的问题

——“公司”并非“不是company,就是corporation”

《企业名称的翻译问题》一文认为:“‘公司’的英语名称不是company(简缩词为Co. 〕,就是corporation(简缩同为Corp。)。”该文作者或许是为强调company与corporation乃“公司”的两个首选对应词才这么说的,但这样做毕竟有以偏概全和误导读者之赚。大家知道,在表示“公司”“及“企业”〕之义时,英文中除了使用company和corporation,也不时使用“公司’’广义上的对应词,

诸如firm,house, business, concern, combine, Partnership, con1plex, group, consortium,establishment, venture, conglomerate, multinational,transnational等。就是在专有公司名称中,“公司”也决非只有company与corporation之说,lines,agency等也是名正言顺的“公司”,有时甚至是前老所不能替代的“公司”。具体说。

1.line(s):(轮船、航空、航运等)公司。例如:

Atlantic Container Line 大西洋集装箱海运公司。

Hawaiian Air Lines,夏威夷航空公司

2.agency:公司,代理行。例如:

The Austin Advertising Agency 奥斯汀广告公司

China Ocean Shipping Agency 中国外轮代理公司

3.store(s) 百货公司。例如:

Great Universal Store 大世界百货公司(英)

Tesco Stores (Holdings)坦斯科百货公司(英〕

4.associates(联合)公司。例如:

British Nuclear Associates 英国核子联合公司

Subsea Equipment Associates Ltd.海底设备联合(英、法、美合办)

5.system(广播、航空等)公司。例如:

Mutual Broadcasting System 相互广播公司(莫)

Malaysian Airline System. 马来西亚航空公司

6.office:公司,多与head,home branch等同连用。例如。

3M China Limited Guangzhou Branch Office 3M中国分公司

China Books Import and Export Corporation (Head Office)中国图书进出口总公司

7.service(s):(服务)公司。例如:

Africa-New Zealand Service 非洲--新西兰服务公司

Tropic Air Services 特罗皮克航空公司

此外,exchange,center等词在特定的上下文中也可转义表示“公司”。例如:

American Manufacturers Foreign Credit Insurance Exchange

美国制造商出口信用保险公司

Binks (Shanghai ) engineering Exhibition Center, Ltd.

宾克斯()涂装工程设备展示

值得一提的是,不仅“公司”的表达法多种多样,就是一些特定的公司往往也不止一种说法,例如,“联合公司”除了associates之说,另外还有以下各灵活表达法。

1.Consolidated coal Company 联合煤炭公司(美)

2.United Aircraft Corporation联合飞机公司(美)

3.Allied Food Industry Co.联合食品工业公司(新加坡)

4.Integrated oil Company联合石油公司

5. Federated Department Stores联合百货公司

6.Union Carbide Coronation联合碳化合物公司(美)

7。Associated British Plectra Corporation英国联合影业公司

8. China Agricultural Machinery Import and Export Joint Company 中国农业机械进出口联合公司

(二)、轻言习惯的问题

--“保险公司”并非都叫‘insurance company’

《实用翻译教程》一书中有这样几句话:“其次,特定的企业也会有自己用词的习惯,久而久之便成了行规,最典型的是`保险公司’,无论哪个国家,也无论规模大小,都叫“insurance company’”,(季春,1996:204)《教程》作者是在讲述company与corporation的用法区别时说这段话的,其言

外之意是说,“保险公司”的“公司”只能用company而不能使用corporation,因为习惯使然,但事实并非如此,笔茬在《英汉对外贸易词典》第464和465两页上就见到了数家Insurance Corporation。如:

Export Credit Insl1rance Corporation出口信贷保险公司(加〕

由此看来,“保险公司’,之“公司”可以是company,也可以是corporation,还可以是exchange,据查,office与concern也可与Insurance连用而表示“保险公司”。值得注意的是,“保险公司”中的“保险”二字也不止insurance一说,有例为证。

1.Development underwriting Ltd.开发保险公司

(三)、似是而非的问题

——“office”非“支公司”

《“总公司”的几种常见英译法》说:“在‘总公司’,‘分公司’或‘支公司’同时出现在一句中时,与‘总公司’(corporation)相对的只能是branch和office了。前者作‘分公司’解,后者作‘支公司’解”。(胡仲胤,1993:57)在我国,认为office就是天经地义的‘支公司’的人或许不在少数。实践中,“支公司”也确有译作office的(e.g. 中国丝绸进出口总公司省分公司市支公司,China National Silk lmp.&Exp. Corp. Guangdong Branch Shantou Office)。可有趣的是,笔者在上千家英文公司名称中竟未找到一家将corporation和office同用于口语并分别表示“总公司”和“支公司”的。自己因此猜想这是否意味着在公司名称中汉英用词习惯有别了或者我们对office-词的理解有讹?带着后一个问题,笔者查询了部分英义工具书,总的看法是:office常作business解,有时也作concern和complex的同义词。而business有这么一种定义,a person,partnership,or corporation engaged in commerce,manufacturing,or a service (Webster‘s Encyclopedia Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language,Updated Revised Deluxe Edition, P.283),由此定义不难看出,office无疑可以指从事商业或生产的corporation。因此,主观地把office与corporation对立起来的做法是欠妥的。其次,从以下几个同组的搭配及所表达的涵中也不难得出office是“公司”而非“支公司”’的结论-head office:总公司;home office:国总公司;branch office,分公司;insurance office:保险公司。

(四)、省译的问题

——“实业”、“开发”等字眼并非可以随意省译

在汉英公司名称中,“公司”有时可以省译;在实践中,“总公司”之“总”字也时有所省,另外,有的同志又主省译“实业”“开发”和“工贸”等字眼,因为“实在找不到可以表明“实业”的字眼”,但有哪一家锐意进取的公司不想开发新产品?“在英语中找不到合适的对等词。”(丁振祺1989:37)笔者以为,在公司名称的翻译上,当省则省,能省才省,切忌动辄乱省,否则名将不“明”(即难以表明公司的规模、隶属关系、经营围、公司性质等信息)。例如,如果可以将“特区发展实业公司”中的“发展”、“实业”“公司”等字眼全部省去,‘`译名”岂不成了“特区”?!当然,“实业公司”“工贸公司”等究竟如何翻译才既忠买又通顺,倒值得进一步探讨。比如,“实业公司”目前至少有五种译文,其中间为佳译或是否还有其它妙译则有待定论和实践的检验。

1。太平洋实业公司Pacific Industries

2.华广轻工实业公司Hua Guang Light industrial Corporation

3.广联实业The Guanglian industrial Commerce Corporation

4.特区发展实业公司Zhuhai SEZ Developing Enterprises corporation

5.省外贸实业公司Guangdong Foreign Trade industry Enterprise Corporation

(五)、主观臆断的问题

--以“General”译“总公司”之“总”并非“显然不妥”

由于general可作“通用”“一般用途”解,译界有的同志便认为,“显然,用General表示‘总’字不妥”。笔者以为,用general表示"总”字不仅无可厚非,而且易与国际接轨。君不见,世界上不少著名公司就是使用general来表示其“龙头”之义的吗?例如:

General Transport Company 运输总公司(英)

General American Transportation Corp. 美国运输总公司

Central OiI Company 石油总公司(美)

其实,general 作“总”解在法语公司名称中也可得到佐证,因为在法语总公司名称中,除了用universelle和centrale表示“总”外,也经常使用generale表达同一意思。例如。

Compagnie Generale lntercambi 贸易总公司(意)

Compagnle Generaie de Brasserie 啤酒总公司(法)

Compagnie Generale des Materiaux Atomiques 棱燃料总公司(法)

公司名称的翻译颇为复杂。本文对现有相关文献中某些观点提出商榷意见,旨在疑义相与析;文章行文时辅以较多实例,意在以‘例”服人,但愿此二目的能有所实现。

英语中表示工厂的词更多,现搜集如下:

factory指能成批生产成品或商品的地方或单位,用的最多。

plant多指重工业或军事工企业,也可指自动化、电子、冶炼和机械厂。

(machinery (plant)机械厂,machine tool plant机床厂,power(plant)电厂)

works多指有自己一套完整工序的轻化工厂、车辆、制造及钢铁厂等,工序常露天操作。

(iron works钢铁厂,glass works玻璃厂)

mill轻工业方面的厂,棉纺厂。

(cotton mill棉纺厂,textile mill纺织厂,paper mill造纸厂,

saw mill锯木厂,steel mill钢厂,coffee mill咖啡制粉厂)

refinery精练、提炼、精制、冶炼厂、制糖厂。

foundry 翻砂厂, 铸工厂, 玻璃厂, 铸造厂。

house通常前加一字首,用来表示较小的工厂或手工作坊,如啤酒、印刷。

yard露天的工厂,作坊,常前加字首构成复合词。

(shipyard造船厂)

studio摄影棚,制片厂,录音棚及像馆。

brewery啤酒厂,酿酒厂(生物发酵酿制)。

distillery酒厂,蒸馏厂,酿造厂(添加化学制剂、催化剂)。

tannery制革厂,硝革厂,鞣革厂。

bakery糕饼厂。

cannery罐头食品厂。

filature缫丝厂。

mine矿山厂。

manufacturer制造类厂。

mint制币厂。

printery印刷厂。

qarry采石厂。

saltery盐厂。

smeltery冶炼厂。

pharmaceuticals制药厂。

二、

1. XIE Qing

SU Huiming

ZHUGE Liang

OUY ANG Shuting

2. Xie, Qing

Su, Huiming

Zhuge, Liang

Ouyang, Shuting

3. Tobby Chen

Tom Lee

三、职位、职称

董事长Chairman of the Board, President

总裁Chief Executive Officer (C. E. O.), President

总经理General Manager (G. M.), Managing Director

副……Deputy ~ Manager, ~ Director, ~ Chairman, ~ Editor-in-chief, ~ Minister, ~ Secretary-general, ~ Ambassador, ~ Governor, ~ Attorney-general

Vice- Vice-president, Vice-chairman, Vice-minister, Vice-consul, Vice-premier

Associate ~ Professor, ~ Chief Physician, ~ Research Fellow

Assistant ~ Engineer, ~ Research Fellow, ~ Manager

名誉……Honorary Chairman; Emeritus President

代……Acting Factory Director

兼……President and Chief Operating Officer

董事长Board Chairman

总经理General Manager

副总经理Vice General Manager

总经理秘书Secretary

总经理助理General Manager's Assistant

市场营销部经理Manager of Marketing Department 销售部经理Sales Manager

餐饮部经理Food and Beverage Manager

客房部经理Housekeeper

康乐部经理Recreation Dept Manager

财务部经理Financial Controller

人事部经理Personnel Manager

工程部经理Chief Engineer

保安部经理Chief Security Officer

办公室主任Director of Executive Office

大堂副理Asst Manager

物资经理Logistic & Purchasing Dept.Manager

会计Accountant

销售工程师Sales Engineer

生产经理Production Dept.Manager

销售工程师Sales Engineer

工会主席Labour Union chairman

操作工Operator

库管员Warehouse Keeper

技术工程师Technicial Engineer

销售一部经理Sales Dept.Manager

接待员Receiptionalist

配料员Operator

保洁员Purifier

人事经理助理HR Assistant

炊事员Canteen Worker 会计Accountant

质保经理QC Dept.Manager

机械师Machinist

工程主管Facilities Supervisor

采购员Buyer

车间班长Group Leader

叉车司机Driver

机修工Operator

采购主管Purchase Manage

综合管理部Colligation and Management Dep

财务部部长Finance Dep.Minister

市场部部长助理Market Dep.Minister's assistant 生产部部长助理Produce Dep. Ministarls assistant 研发工程师Develop Engineer

业务主办Operation Direct

计划员Programmer

更夫Bellman

技术服务部经理Technical Service Dept.Manager 物资勤Secretary

技术服务工程师Technician Service Engineer

销售二部经理Sales Dept.Manager

车间主管Production Supervisor

勤Secretary

出纳Cashier

检验员hecker

市场部经理Marketing Dept.Manager

区域销售经理Regional Sales Manager

IT工程师IT Engineer

研磨工Operator

司机Driver

清扫工Purifier

人力资源部经理Human Resources Manager

文员Clerk

财务经理Finance Dept.Manager

技术发展部经理Technical Development Dept.Manager

电工Electrician

送货员Deliveryman

挤压工Operator

行政经理Administrative Dep.Manager

运输协调员Traffic Coordinator

副总工程师Vice - Chief Engineer 综合管理部部长Colligation and Management Dep.Minister

网络主管Network Manage

综合管理部总务Colligation and Management Dep.General Affair

市场部部长Market Dep.Minister

市场部项目总理Market Dep.Item Manager

质保部Quantity Engineer

工艺员Engineer

调度员Dispatcher

秘书Secretary

四、单位部门名称

董事会Board of Directors

登记中心Central Registry

总经理室General Manager Office

物流部Logistics Dept.

总办公室General Office

对外联络部Liaising Dept.

行政管理办公室Administration Dept. 项目部Project Dept.

销售部Sales Dept.

工会Trade Union

发货部Dispatch Dept.

系统分析部System Analysis Dept.

采购部Purchasing Dept.

复印间Photocopying Room

生产部Production Dept.

收发室Post Room

产品部Product Dept.

数据处理部Data Processing Dept.

财务部Accounts/Finance Dept.

餐饮部Canteen

人事部Personnel Dept.

簿籍室Bookkeeping Room

人力资源部Human Resources Dept. 营销部Marketing Dept.

研究开发部R. & D. Dept.

市场部Market Dept.

广告部Advertising Dept.

业务部Business Dept.

售后服务部After-sales Dept.

技术部Technology Dept. 公关部P. & R. Dept.

维修保养科Maintenance Dept.

计划部Planning Dept.

运作部Operation Dept.

质量控制部Q. & C. Dept.

管理部Management Dept.

包装部Packing Dept.

信息技术部IT Dept.

法律部Legal Dept.

监管部Supervision Dept.

发票科Invoice Dept.

贸易部Trade Dept.

进出口部Import & Export Dept.

保卫科Security Dept.

国销售部Home Sales Dept.

客户服务部Customer Service Section 国外销售部Overseas Sales Dept.

秘书办公室Secretary Office

材料科Materials Dept.

董事会会议室Boardroom

工业部Industrial Dept.

会议室Conference Room

定单处理部Order Processing Dept. 工厂理事会Works Council

工程部Engineering Dept.

产品展览室Showroom

培训部Training Dept.

医务室Clinic

打字间Typing Room

实验室Laboratory

五、通讯地址

路Zhongshan Rd. Zhongshan Rd. (S.) Second Zhongshan Rd. (S.)

工业设计专业英语英文翻译

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