高一英语语法专题---句子成分分析和翻译练习(初高中衔接用)课件(共26张)
• 29. The day when he helped me was one of my happiest.
• 30. You can't imagine how the name of Robben Island made us afraid.
• 31. We read books under our blanket.
• eg. Today, I have a lot of homework to do. • He will not go to attend the meeting
tomorrow. • Does she work hard every day?
什么是宾语？
• 宾语的定义：动作的承受者。宾语可以由 名词或者名词性质的成分充当，英语中可 以接宾语的词有三种：动词、介词、表语 形容词。只记前两种就好，最后一个不考， 没意义。
• 并列句即由并列连词(and、but、or等)连接 的两个或两个以上的简单句。
• eg. The direction is correct, but the road is full of difficulty.
• 复合句，又名主从复合句，即由一个主句 加上一个或者一个以上的从句构成的句子。
• If the weather is fine, we will go out for a walk.
• 21.Your friend has gone on holiday and asked you to take care of his dog.
• 22.I hear that you will travel along the Mekong River.
• 23. If the weather is fine, I think we will be able to ride 75km a day.
• 46. Edison is famous for his inventions in the world.
• 47. Perhaps, we can see some possibilities for next fifty years.
• 48. Winning this award made his chocolate very popular.
• 59. The kindness of a human heart is in a simple act.
• 24. Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in Tibet.
• 25. To climb the mountain was hard work but as we looked around us, we were surprised by the view.
• We took a lot of pictures when we visited the famous palace.
• 简单句的句型结构： •主 系 表 •主 谓 •主 谓 宾 • 主 谓 的定义：句子要表达或者描述的对象， 可以是名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、 动名词、名词化的形容词、短语、句子等。
Beijing. • 14. He is to leave for shanghai tomorrow. • 15. He managed to finish the work in time. • 16. Tom came to ask me for advice. • 17. He found it important to master
• 35. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise.
• 36. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here.
• 55. The electric vehicles can reach a top speed of 40 kilometers per hour.
• 56. What time a person goes to bed and how much they sleep affects how much they worry, according to a new study.
什么是表语？
• 表语的定义：放在系动词之后，用来说明 主语的性质、身份、特征或状态，即用来 说明主语是什么，为什么，怎么样。表语 用在系动词后面和系动词一起构成复合谓 语，即谓语部分。
• eg. I am fine. • This dish smells tasty. • Our teacher looks pretty in red.
• 37.They built the airport years ago, but for some reason they couldn't use it.
• 38. Tom will call his mother as soon as he gets to school.
• 39. Mike can sing as well as his brother.
• 49. Every year has been better than the year before; last year was the best by far.
• 50. We organize small group tours to get close to nature in Africa.
• 40. We should speak English as much as possible in order to be a good English learner.
• 41. When you get lost, you can ask the police for help.
• 42. The lady asked the policeman how to get to the Summer Palace.
• eg. Jim likes football very much. • My grandfather bought me a dictionary. • Girls call her Anne. • Everyone finds it difficult to get along
with the lady.
• 51. All delicious meals do not come from restaurants.
• 52. When foreigners first visit America, one of the first things many want to try is the country's typical snack food.
• 32. We used anything we could find to make candles.
• 33. We read books under our blanket and used anything we could find to make candles.
• 34.Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane.
• 43. My mother often tells me not to spend too much time playing computer games.
• 44. It’s no surprise that students are afraid of exams.
• 45. I am afraid to fail the exam. • 46. Tom is busy doing his homework.
sports shoes. • 5. He broke a piece of glass. • 6. He made it clear that he would leave the
city.
• 7. Trees turn green when spring comes. • 8. They pushed the door open. • 9. Grandpa told me an interesting story last
night. • 10. He wrote carefully some letters to his
friends. • 11. All the students think highly of his
teaching.
• 12. His job is to train swimmers. • 13. He took many photos of the palaces in
• 26. The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.
• 27. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws.
• 28. He offered poor black people guidance on their legal problems.
• eg. He is my elder brother. • The tree is very old. • To Chinese, six is a pleasing number.
什么是谓语？
• 谓语的定义：用来说明主语做了什么动作 或者处于什么状态。谓语通常是动词，并 位于主语之后。尤其要注意时态和人称的 变化。
• 30. You can't imagine how the name of Robben Island made us afraid.
• 31. We read books under our blanket.
• eg. Today, I have a lot of homework to do. • He will not go to attend the meeting
tomorrow. • Does she work hard every day?
什么是宾语？
• 宾语的定义：动作的承受者。宾语可以由 名词或者名词性质的成分充当，英语中可 以接宾语的词有三种：动词、介词、表语 形容词。只记前两种就好，最后一个不考， 没意义。
• 并列句即由并列连词(and、but、or等)连接 的两个或两个以上的简单句。
• eg. The direction is correct, but the road is full of difficulty.
• 复合句，又名主从复合句，即由一个主句 加上一个或者一个以上的从句构成的句子。
• If the weather is fine, we will go out for a walk.
• 21.Your friend has gone on holiday and asked you to take care of his dog.
• 22.I hear that you will travel along the Mekong River.
• 23. If the weather is fine, I think we will be able to ride 75km a day.
• 46. Edison is famous for his inventions in the world.
• 47. Perhaps, we can see some possibilities for next fifty years.
• 48. Winning this award made his chocolate very popular.
• 59. The kindness of a human heart is in a simple act.
• 24. Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in Tibet.
• 25. To climb the mountain was hard work but as we looked around us, we were surprised by the view.
• We took a lot of pictures when we visited the famous palace.
• 简单句的句型结构： •主 系 表 •主 谓 •主 谓 宾 • 主 谓 的定义：句子要表达或者描述的对象， 可以是名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、 动名词、名词化的形容词、短语、句子等。
Beijing. • 14. He is to leave for shanghai tomorrow. • 15. He managed to finish the work in time. • 16. Tom came to ask me for advice. • 17. He found it important to master
• 35. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise.
• 36. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here.
• 55. The electric vehicles can reach a top speed of 40 kilometers per hour.
• 56. What time a person goes to bed and how much they sleep affects how much they worry, according to a new study.
什么是表语？
• 表语的定义：放在系动词之后，用来说明 主语的性质、身份、特征或状态，即用来 说明主语是什么，为什么，怎么样。表语 用在系动词后面和系动词一起构成复合谓 语，即谓语部分。
• eg. I am fine. • This dish smells tasty. • Our teacher looks pretty in red.
• 37.They built the airport years ago, but for some reason they couldn't use it.
• 38. Tom will call his mother as soon as he gets to school.
• 39. Mike can sing as well as his brother.
• 49. Every year has been better than the year before; last year was the best by far.
• 50. We organize small group tours to get close to nature in Africa.
• 40. We should speak English as much as possible in order to be a good English learner.
• 41. When you get lost, you can ask the police for help.
• 42. The lady asked the policeman how to get to the Summer Palace.
• eg. Jim likes football very much. • My grandfather bought me a dictionary. • Girls call her Anne. • Everyone finds it difficult to get along
with the lady.
• 51. All delicious meals do not come from restaurants.
• 52. When foreigners first visit America, one of the first things many want to try is the country's typical snack food.
• 32. We used anything we could find to make candles.
• 33. We read books under our blanket and used anything we could find to make candles.
• 34.Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane.
• 43. My mother often tells me not to spend too much time playing computer games.
• 44. It’s no surprise that students are afraid of exams.
• 45. I am afraid to fail the exam. • 46. Tom is busy doing his homework.
sports shoes. • 5. He broke a piece of glass. • 6. He made it clear that he would leave the
city.
• 7. Trees turn green when spring comes. • 8. They pushed the door open. • 9. Grandpa told me an interesting story last
night. • 10. He wrote carefully some letters to his
friends. • 11. All the students think highly of his
teaching.
• 12. His job is to train swimmers. • 13. He took many photos of the palaces in
• 26. The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.
• 27. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws.
• 28. He offered poor black people guidance on their legal problems.
• eg. He is my elder brother. • The tree is very old. • To Chinese, six is a pleasing number.
什么是谓语？
• 谓语的定义：用来说明主语做了什么动作 或者处于什么状态。谓语通常是动词，并 位于主语之后。尤其要注意时态和人称的 变化。
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初高中衔接 英语句子成分 课件(共36张PPT)
二、谓语 谓语在主语后，只能由动词充当
谓语是对主语动作的陈述和说明，一般在主语之后。表明主语“做
什么”、“是什么”、“怎么样”。有时态、语态的变化，与主语在人
称和数上保持一致。
He likes cold milk. He works hard.
简单谓语
I shall answer your questions after class.
we should do exercise every day.
名词短语 代词
动名词 不定式 宾语从句
四、表语 表语是说明主语「是什么」或「怎么样」的词语，也可以说是说 明主语的情况，或者主语状态的词语。 表语放在连系动词后。 Lily is a Chinese girl. 名词 Five and five is ten. 数词 Mr. Li is over there. 介词 The book is mine. 代词 She looks beautiful in white. 形容词 This is where I first met him. 从句
What is 连系动词？ （1）be动词：am，is，are，was，were （2）感官动词：look，smell，sound，taste，feel （3）变化动词：become，get，go，grow，turn （+adj. 译为“变得”） （4）保持：keep，stay，remain （+adj. 译为“保持”） （5）无实义动词：seem，prove，appear （+adj. 无实际含义，功能类比be动词，译为“是”）
一、主语 主语是一个句子的主题，是句子表达的主体。表示句子所说是“什 么人”“什么事”是动作的发出者。 主语放在谓语动词前 American country music becomes more and more popular. 名词 We often speak English in class. 代词 One-third of the students in this class are girls. 数词 To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 不定式 Smoking does harm to the health. 动名词 When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
初高中英语衔接-句子成分(共34张PPT)
work harder.
（目的状语）
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.
（
（结果状语）
She works very hard though she is old.
（让步状语）
• 同位语：同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词 或代词，对前者加以说明的成分。如：
和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 •
He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.
• She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
状语
1.用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子， 表示事情发生的时间、地点、原因、结果、 程度等等。
•
状语种类如下： How about meeting again at six?
（时间状语）
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party
because of the rain. （原因状语） I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.
注：主语和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英文中一般的句
子必须有主语和谓语）。
• 主语： subject S • 谓语：predicate V • 宾语： object O • 表语：predicative • 定语： attributive • 宾语补足语：object complement • 状语： adverbial
• 7. I think（that）he is fit for his office.
初高中衔接高一第一课 英语句子成分(共23张PPT)
I still remember the day when I first went to York.
将各组句子连接为一个含有状语从句的复合句。
He didn’t come yesterday. He was ill. (原因)
He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.
复合句 = 主句 + 从句
复合句是在简单句的基础上，通过从属连词将两个或两个 以上简单句连接在一起而构成。从属连词所引导的从句起 形容词、名词、副词的作用。复合句主要包含以下从句类 型： 1. 名词性从句： 1）主语从句 2） 宾语从句 3） 表语从句 4）同位语从句 2. 形容词性从句 （ 定语从句） 3. 副词性从句 （状语从句 ）
The child hid behind his mother's skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.
3. He made a promise. He didn’t keep it.
He made a promise, but He didn’t keep it.
主 谓 状（方式） 连 主 谓
表
Frank worked hard and (he ) became a manager.
主 谓 宾 连主 谓
地点
I’ve got a cold, so I’m going to bed.
主 谓 宾 宾补 连 主
谓
宾
They made him chairman, but (they) didn’t increase his salary.
简单句基本句型实例
主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came．/ My head aches. 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语
将各组句子连接为一个含有状语从句的复合句。
He didn’t come yesterday. He was ill. (原因)
He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.
复合句 = 主句 + 从句
复合句是在简单句的基础上，通过从属连词将两个或两个 以上简单句连接在一起而构成。从属连词所引导的从句起 形容词、名词、副词的作用。复合句主要包含以下从句类 型： 1. 名词性从句： 1）主语从句 2） 宾语从句 3） 表语从句 4）同位语从句 2. 形容词性从句 （ 定语从句） 3. 副词性从句 （状语从句 ）
The child hid behind his mother's skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.
3. He made a promise. He didn’t keep it.
He made a promise, but He didn’t keep it.
主 谓 状（方式） 连 主 谓
表
Frank worked hard and (he ) became a manager.
主 谓 宾 连主 谓
地点
I’ve got a cold, so I’m going to bed.
主 谓 宾 宾补 连 主
谓
宾
They made him chairman, but (they) didn’t increase his salary.
简单句基本句型实例
主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came．/ My head aches. 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语
英语句子成分分析--初高中英语衔接课 共27张ppt
room.
基本句型五
S
V（及物） O (宾语) C（宾补）
We must keep the door open.
The makes me news
We call
him
happy. Jim.
He told
I
saw
me a thief
troom.
句子种类
按句子的用途分 按句子的结构分
陈述句
简单句
疑问句
并列句
祈使句
复合句
感叹句
句子成分 主语:行为主体，句子描述的主体 谓语: 主语发出的动作 宾语: 动作的承受者
表语:表示主语“是什么”“怎么样” 状语:时间、地点、原因等 定语:用来修饰名词、代词
句子成分
主语：You beat him. 谓语: You beat him. 宾语: You beat him. 表语:He is bad./He is a boy. 状语:You beat him at home. 定语:You beat the bad boy.
英语中那些成分可以充当宾语
❖1. We often help_h_im_ . 代词 ❖2. He likes to play__b_as_k_e_t_b_all.名词 ❖3. We enjoy_li_s_te_n_in_g__to__th_e__m_u_s_ic动. 名词 ❖4. She said _th_a_t_h_e_f_e_lt_s_i_ck.从句 ❖5. They are talking a_b_o_u_t_t_h_e_n_e_w_
你能归纳出定语的位置吗?
定语说明名词特点,性质; 状语则说明 动词何如何.
❖1. We _o_ft_e_n help him. ❖2. I r_e_a_ll_y don’t like the food. ❖3. He did his homework c_a_re_f_u_l_ly ❖a_t_h_o_m__e. ❖4.Her mother goes _o_u_t _to__d_o__s_o_m_e___
基本句型五
S
V（及物） O (宾语) C（宾补）
We must keep the door open.
The makes me news
We call
him
happy. Jim.
He told
I
saw
me a thief
troom.
句子种类
按句子的用途分 按句子的结构分
陈述句
简单句
疑问句
并列句
祈使句
复合句
感叹句
句子成分 主语:行为主体，句子描述的主体 谓语: 主语发出的动作 宾语: 动作的承受者
表语:表示主语“是什么”“怎么样” 状语:时间、地点、原因等 定语:用来修饰名词、代词
句子成分
主语：You beat him. 谓语: You beat him. 宾语: You beat him. 表语:He is bad./He is a boy. 状语:You beat him at home. 定语:You beat the bad boy.
英语中那些成分可以充当宾语
❖1. We often help_h_im_ . 代词 ❖2. He likes to play__b_as_k_e_t_b_all.名词 ❖3. We enjoy_li_s_te_n_in_g__to__th_e__m_u_s_ic动. 名词 ❖4. She said _th_a_t_h_e_f_e_lt_s_i_ck.从句 ❖5. They are talking a_b_o_u_t_t_h_e_n_e_w_
你能归纳出定语的位置吗?
定语说明名词特点,性质; 状语则说明 动词何如何.
❖1. We _o_ft_e_n help him. ❖2. I r_e_a_ll_y don’t like the food. ❖3. He did his homework c_a_re_f_u_l_ly ❖a_t_h_o_m__e. ❖4.Her mother goes _o_u_t _to__d_o__s_o_m_e___
句子成分分析课件-2023-2024学年高中英语初高中衔接
谓语 2 （用来说明主语“干什么”或者“怎么样”）
1.谓语，谓语动词，是句子最核 心、必不可少的成分。 2.只有动词、动词短语才可以充 当谓语。 3. 一般位于句中，主语之后。 4. 谓语动词有时态、情态、语态、 否定形式四种变化。 5. 有简单谓语He has caught a bad cold. 2. He cried. 3. I don’t like snakes. 4. I must learn English well. 5. The apple was eaten by me.
有些动词后可以跟双宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语） 句式：V.+sb.+sth.= V.+sth.+to+sb. (人间物直)
6 定语
修饰名词或者代词，说明人或者事物的品 质或者特征，有前置定语&后置定语。常 由名词、形容词、数词、介词短语、或相 当于形容词的词、短语或从句充当。
Examples: He is a clever boy.
宾语
1.宾语就是动作的对象，是行为或者动作的 承受者。 2.一般位于及物动词(谓语)或者介词之后。 3.名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从 句均可做宾语。
5
5 Examples
1.Show you passport,please.（名词） 2.They won’t hurt us.（代词） 3.I want to leave now.（不定式） 5.I like staying with you. (动名词) 4.Can you pass me that English book? （名词短语）
1
英语中的句子成分
组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分
1.主语（Subject）：动作的发出者 I eat apples. 2.谓语(Predicate)：主语的动作或状态 I eat apples.
英语句子成分分析分析解析(课堂PPT)(2024版)
6. I prefer my coffee hot.
7. Don’t worry about me; just take care of yourself.
8. You can rely on him to do anything that is necessary.
与全句没有什 么语法关系， 有感叹词、肯 定与否定的答 语、插入语、 呼语等
常用词 例句 类
名词、 I find the book very boring. 形容词, 分词, 不定式 介词短 语等
名词、 This is Mr. Li, our 数词、 headmaster. 代词或 The news that he is ill 从句 worries us.
2024/11/13
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主动语态变成被动语态后, 宾语补足语变成主补.
I last saw him playing near the river. →He was seen playing near the river. The teacher caught the student cheating →in the exam.
machine off. ● She wondered why Jim was so angry
with her.
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㈤宾语补足语
We must keep it a secret.
I found the book interesting.
Please keep the dog out.
The student was caught cheating in the exam.
We elected him monitor. →He was elected monitor.
高中英语句子成分分析课件(共19张)
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.形容词 The man over there is my old friend. 副词 The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister介. 词短语 The boys playing football are from Class 2.现在分词 The trees planted last year are growing well now.
练习：找出下列句中的谓语： We l_o__v_e_ China. We h__a__v_e___f_i_n__is__h__e_d__ reading this book. He c_a__n___s_p__e__a__k_ English. She _s_e__e_m___s__t__ir__e_d__.
3. 表语（predicative）:
概念：
用在系动词后表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
如：
He is a teacher.
名词
Five and five is ten.
数词
He is asleep. 形容词
His father is in.
副词
The picture is on the wall. 介词短语
I enjoy working with you. 动名词
I hope to see you again. 不定式
Did you write down what he said? 宾语从句
练习：找出下列句子的宾语并指出由什么充当
We often help_h__i_m__.
代词
He likes _t_o__p__l_a__y__b__a__s_k__e_t__b_a__l_l_.
初高中英语衔接教学专题之英语句子成分和简单句的翻译课件 (共19张PPT)
Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. Whenever he gets drunk，John makes Mary very angry． As he was ill, he didn’t come to class yesterday.
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2 谓语：说明主语做什么，是什么
或怎么样。谓语部分主要的词是动词。 谓语在人称和数方面必须和主语一致。
The sun rises in the east. He likes English. Her parents are workers. She is running.
2、分类
其中，主语、谓语（主要是动词）、宾语、宾语补足语及表语 称为句子的基本成分。
而定语及状语称为句子的附属成分。
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Noun / Pronoun / The + adj V-ing / Clause / Infinitive Vi
宾语
noun 主 谓 宾语(间) 宾语(直) adj. / adv. Vt 语 语 infinitivபைடு நூலகம் 宾语 宾补 V-ing 表语 V-ed V-l etc. noun pronoun be / feel / seem / look adj appear /become /get Noun / Pronoun / grow / turn infinitive The + adj V-ing / V-ed go / come/ remain/ keep clause taste / smell etc. V-ing / Clause etc. 翻入前页 翻入前页 返回目录页 Infinitive
翻入前页 跳入后页 返回目录页
2 谓语：说明主语做什么，是什么
或怎么样。谓语部分主要的词是动词。 谓语在人称和数方面必须和主语一致。
The sun rises in the east. He likes English. Her parents are workers. She is running.
2、分类
其中，主语、谓语（主要是动词）、宾语、宾语补足语及表语 称为句子的基本成分。
而定语及状语称为句子的附属成分。
翻入前页 跳入后页 返回目录页
Noun / Pronoun / The + adj V-ing / Clause / Infinitive Vi
宾语
noun 主 谓 宾语(间) 宾语(直) adj. / adv. Vt 语 语 infinitivபைடு நூலகம் 宾语 宾补 V-ing 表语 V-ed V-l etc. noun pronoun be / feel / seem / look adj appear /become /get Noun / Pronoun / grow / turn infinitive The + adj V-ing / V-ed go / come/ remain/ keep clause taste / smell etc. V-ing / Clause etc. 翻入前页 翻入前页 返回目录页 Infinitive
初高衔接英语句子成分及基本句型(共26张PPT)
What happened?
He worked hard today.
Action speaks louder than words.
He can speak English well.
She doesn’t like dancing.
（三）表语（predicative）用来说明主语的性质、特征、状态、身 份等，位于系动词之后。一般由名词、代词、数词、形容词、 副词、不定
形容词
2. We try to make our country strong.
3. We found everything in good order there. 介词短语
4. I should advise you to get the chance. 5. I saw him going upstairs. 6. They found the house broken in.
补语 补足主语和宾语的意义
形容词，名词，介词 短语等
She always keeps the house clean.
主谓是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！
（一）主语（subject）是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。 表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不
是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名 词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
Walls have ears.
名词
He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词
5.主+谓+宾+宾补 （S+ Vt+ O+ OC）
He worked hard today.
Action speaks louder than words.
He can speak English well.
She doesn’t like dancing.
（三）表语（predicative）用来说明主语的性质、特征、状态、身 份等，位于系动词之后。一般由名词、代词、数词、形容词、 副词、不定
形容词
2. We try to make our country strong.
3. We found everything in good order there. 介词短语
4. I should advise you to get the chance. 5. I saw him going upstairs. 6. They found the house broken in.
补语 补足主语和宾语的意义
形容词，名词，介词 短语等
She always keeps the house clean.
主谓是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！
（一）主语（subject）是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。 表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不
是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名 词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
Walls have ears.
名词
He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词
5.主+谓+宾+宾补 （S+ Vt+ O+ OC）
2022年英语初升高之句子成分讲解课件(带练习)(共20张PPT)
● 3. Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better。
● 解析：第二个are为谓语，rats为主语，Although there are already robots which can do this job为 让步状语从句， which can do this job作为定语从句此时robots.
二、句子成分详解
● 主语（subject）：句子中说明的人或事物，是谓语动词的发出者，多位于句首 ● 常用名词和代词充当。 ● eg， ● You are my sunshine. ● Doing exercise is beneficial to our body. ● What you said is true.
● 作为定语从句修饰possessions.
● 5. There they met people from other parts of the country, who had also volunteered to help.
● 解析：met为谓语，they为主语，people from other parts of the country为宾语， who had also volunteered to help作为定语从 句修饰people.
● 2. 谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。只能由动词或者动词短语充当。 eg，
● Some students work out that difficult problem. ● The girls are swimming in the pool now.
● 3. 表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 ● 常用名词、形容词和短语充当。 ● 常见系动词: be, 感官动词sound（听）, look（看）, feel(摸)，smell（闻）, taste（尝