初中现在完成时讲解和练习_
现在完成时定义:1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2.也可以表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态现在完成时的结构have/has+ done ()如:I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。
现在完成时的时间状语ever, never, twice(once…), so far(到目前为止), , already(肯定句),yet(否定,疑问句), just(刚刚), before(以前), recently(近来)等词连用2.Since+时间点,for+时间段,in the past/last few years说明:already与yet都有“已经”的意思,但already常用于肯定句,并用于句中。
yet常用于否定句和疑问句,并用于句末。
例如:I have already finished my homework.I haven't finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?They have left. (他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里)I have had my lunch. (我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿)I can't find my watch now. I think I have already lost it.注意:1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, lastweek, three years ago 等; 2)不能与when连用现在完成时的用法1 / 12A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调对现在造成的影想或结果)。
例如:The car has arrived.车子来了。
(结果:车子已在门口)Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。
(结果:窗户仍破着)B. 表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。
例如:My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。
Mr. Black has lived in since 2002. 自从____年Mr. Black 一直住在xx。
How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了?用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词,句中谓语动词用现在完成时,时间状语为“for+时间段”或“since+时间点”。
如:He has been in the Green China for three years.He has been a member of the Green China for three years.他加入“绿色xx”已经三年了。
The old man died 4 years ago.---- The old man has been dead for 4 years. He joined the Party 2 years ago.---- He has been in the Party for 2 years.I bought the book 5 days ago.---- I have had the book for 5 days.表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间(for 2 years), since+从句(since he came here), since+时间点名词( since last year, since 5 days ago),how long; for a long time等。
现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别2 / 121一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
I saw this film yesterday.(强调动作发生的时间是yesterday 。
)I have seen this film.(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。
)2一般过去时和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:…ago, last week/...in 2008, in the past, just now, the day before yesterday,yesterday ..then(那时),that day, one day, once(从前)现在完成时常和recently(近来),ever, never, twice, so far(到目前为止), since,for,in the past/last few years , already(肯定句), yet(否定,疑问句), just(刚刚), before(以前)连用。
现在完成时不与表示过去的时间状语连用。
现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.比较have/has been to、have/has gone to 和have been inhave(has) been to...表示“曾去过某地,已经从那里回来了”,可以和ever、never、twice等连用。
have(has) gone to表示“已经去了某地,在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回来”。
have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”,常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如:since, for, how long 等He went to Shanghai last week 上周他去了xxHe has been to . 他(曾经)到/去过xx.(但他人现在肯定不是在xx而是回来了)He has gone to Shanghai.他已经去xx了.(也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里)Mr. Brown has been in for three days. xx先生来xx已经有三天了3 / 12六.过去分词1 、规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。
四点变化规则:(1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ed ”。
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“d ”。
live---lived---lived ,(3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词,将y 变为i ,再加“ed ”。
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped2 、:AAA型burst burst burst hurt hurt hurt let let letcast cast castcost cost cost cut cut cuthit hit hitput put putshut shut shut spread spread spreadset set setread read read read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/AAB型beat beat beaten特殊情况ABB型bring brought brought buy bought bought build built built4 / 12burn burnt burntcatch caught caught dig dug dugfeel felt feltfight fought fought find found foundhear heard heardhold held heldkeep kept keptlay laid laidlead led ledlose lost lostmake made made meet met metsell sold soldshoot shot shotsit sat satstand stood stoodsweep swept swept teach taught taught tell told toldthink thought thought win won wonABC型begin began begun blow blew blownbreak broke brokenchoose chose chosen draw drew drawndrive drove drivendrink drank drunkfly flew flownforgive forgave forgivenforget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen give gave givengrow grew grownknow knew known ride rode riddenrise rose risenring rang rungshake shook shakensing sang sungsink sank sunkswim swam swumthrow threw thrown write wrote writtenbuy----haveborrow -----keepgo out----be out begin-----be onopen----be openclose -----be closeddie----be dead★1.have代替buyMy brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.5 / 122、用keep或have代替borrowI have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. How long has your sister been a teacher?4、用have a cold代替catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5、用wear代替put onb)用“be+形容词”代1、be+married代marry2、be+ill代fall (get) ill3、be+dead代die4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep5、be+awake代wake/wake up6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave7、be+open代open8、be closed代close/shut9、be+missing(gone,lost)代losec)用“be+副词”代终止性动词1“be+on”代start, begin2“be+up”代get upd)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to常用瞬间动词变表:6 / 12→have been in sw./at…相应的介词6. have got up →have been up;7. have died →have been dead;8. have left sw. →have been away from sw.9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep →have been asleep;11. have married →have been married;12. have started/begun to do sth. →have done sth. ;13. have begun →have been on14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had15. have lost →haven't had16. have put on →have worn17. have caught /get a cold →have had a cold;18. have got to know →haveknown19. have/has gone to →have been in20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army→have been a member of/ have been in/ have been the Party's member/现在完成时练习(一)一、用过去时或现在完成时填空:1. “_________ you __________ (have) lunch ?”“Yes.”“When ________ you __________ (have) it?”“I ____________ (have) it at12:00.”2. “_________ you __________ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?”“Yes, I ___________. I ________________ (write) one last week.”3. “_________ he ___________ (finish) his homework?”“Not yet.”4. “_________ they ever __________ (be) abroad?”“Yes, just once.”7 / 125. Your father _________ just ___________ (finish) his work.6. Your father _________ (finish) his work just now.7. Last term I __________ (learn) many English words.8. They ____________ (not read) the interesting books yet.9. He _____________ never ____________ (go) to the science museum.10. ____________ you ever ____________ (drink) coke?11.Have you _____________ (buy) a dictionary? ““Yes, I __________ .”“Where______ you ___________(buy) it?”“I _________(buy) it in a bookstore.”“When ___________ you _____________ (buy) it?”“Yesterday.”单项选择。
初中现在完成时讲解与练习课件
填空题练习
总结词:测试对现在完成时的运用
01
A. has bought, has read B. bought, read
03
02
练习1:He _______ many books, but he _______ none of them yet.
04
C. has bought, read has read
时间状语使用不当
总结词
时间状语使用不当,导致时态使用错误。
详细描述
时间状语是用来表示动作发生的时间的词语。在使用 现在完成时时,学生常常因为时间状语使用不当而导 致时态错误。例如,学生可能会将“yesterday”误 用于现在完成时,因为“yesterday”表示过去时间 ,而现在完成时强调的是对现在的影响或结果。因此 ,正确的时间状语应该是表示一段时间的词语,如 “in the past few years”等。
现在完成时是英语语法中的一种时态,它表示某个动作在过 去已经发生,但这个动作对现在的情况产生了影响或结果。 这个时态强调的是动作和现在的关系,而不是动作发生的确 切时间。
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
结构
总结词
现在完成时的基本结构是“主语 + have/has + 过去分词”。
详细描述
现在完成时的结构包括“主语”、“have/has”和“过去分词”。其中,“主 语”是执行动作的人或事物;“have/has”是助动词,表示动作的完成状态; “过去分词”是动词的过去形式,表示动作已经发生。
yet
总结词
表示动作尚未完成
详细描述
yet是现在完成时的另一个标志词,用于否定句或疑问句中,表示某个动作或状态尚未完成。例如, “Have you found your keys yet?”(你找到钥匙了吗?)
现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)
现在完成时讲解一、构成:肯定式:主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.过去分词规则变化:a)一般情况下,直接加ed, (work---worked,water---watered, finish---finished等;)b)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, (carry---carried study---studied等;)c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词,要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ed。
(stop---stopped,shop---shopped)d)以不发音的e结尾的动词,只加d (过去分词不规则变化表:二、用法:用法一:表示过去(已经、曾经或从未)发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志词:①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,⑦once/twice/数字+ times例:I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的,不需要打扫了)They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。
)I have been there twice.a)already 往往用于肯定句,用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气;yet 用于否定句和疑问句。
•He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。
•Has he already left here? 他(真的)已经离开这里了吗?(表示加强语气)•My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。
•Have you written to your parents yet? 你已经给你父母写过信了吗?b)never 是否定词,表示“从来没有”,而ever 表示“曾经”•We have never been to the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。
人教新目标初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题(含答案)
现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。
助动词have(has)表明事情发生于现在。
它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。
过去分词在句子中做谓语,说明句子的含义。
2.用法(1)动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在有某种影响和结果。
常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。
如:-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你(已经)吃午饭了吗?我刚刚吃过。
(现在我不饿了)(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍然在进行。
常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。
如:He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。
(可能还要继续教)I have't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。
(3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经验,一般译为汉语“过”,常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如:I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语(1)现在完成时属于现在时范围,故不能和过去的时间状语连用。
如:yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。
但是,在强调动作产生的后果和影响时,可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。
already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
如:We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
b.用ever 和never。
初中现在完成时态讲解带练习
一.现在完成时的含义及用法1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。
2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
现在完成时的根本句型:肯定式:主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.否认式:主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。
Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的)I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙)I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容)I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的)此时,现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用,通常放在助动词之后,过去分词之前。
already: 常用于肯定句中.yet: 用于否认句,翻译为还没。
疑问句尾.翻译为已经1.你已经找到你的书了吗?2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子.3.Judy还没到达.4.你吃过早饭了吗?用法②现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
She has learned English for 5 years.He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born .Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock?for+ 时间段since+时间点, since+ 句子①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years.②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month.③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month .④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday.⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long time .⑥She hasn’t h ad a good cup of coffee ____ years.⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old.二.have been 与have gone 的用法比拟have been to “到过,去过〞,表示曾经到过某处,但现在人不在那儿。
【英语】英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析
【英语】英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、初中英语现在完成时1.—Do you miss your parents far away?—Yes, very much. They the hometown for over two years.A. leftB. have leftC. were away fromD. have been away from【答案】 D【解析】【分析】根据句意“他们已经离家两年多了”可知用现在完成时,时间状语for over two years 表示时间段,动词要具有延续性,left是 leave的过去分词,是短暂性动词,不能和时间段连用,故选D。
【点评】本题考查延续性动词和短暂性动词的转换。
2.—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read?—I've no idea. I _____ there.A. have goneB. have beenC. haven't beenD. haven't gone【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:---你觉得北京怎么样,瑞得小姐?---我不知道,我没有去过那儿。
短语:have been to去过某地(已经返回);have gone to去了某地(尚未返回),根据句意,故答案为C。
【点评】考查短语辨析,区分have been to与have gone to,理解句子,根据语境判断答案。
3.The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010.A. offeredB. have offeredC. are offeringD. will offer【答案】 B【解析】【分析】考查时态.句意"自2010以来,志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助.".A过去时.B现在完成时态.C现在进行时态.D一般将来时态.since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态,结构是have/has+动词的过去分词,主语是volunteers复数,用助动词have.offer的过去分词是offered.答案是B.4.—The drama series The Thunder (破冰行动) hits screens these days.—Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet,A. doesn't watchB. didn't watchC. won't watchD. haven't watched【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。
(完整版)现在完成时讲解及练习
(完整版)现在完成时讲解及练习Unit 9:现在完成时讲解一.基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二.句型:否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)三.用法(1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义:郭子君现在在这儿) My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)(2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)③since+时段+ago④since+从句(过去时)●⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.四.has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方)My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in:呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /sin ce two months ago.五.现在完成时的标志1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
(完整版)初中现在完成时讲解与练习
wash your hands --I have washed them study for English test – I have studied for it visit your grandpa ----I have visited him
Father: Tell your sister to buy some milk, John.
He has lived in Beijing since he was born .
常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用.
since + 时间点 用来说明动作起始时间— “自 从……” for + 时间段 用来说明动作延续时间长度— “长 达……”
eg.--- I’ve lived here for 15 years. eg.--- I’ve lived here since 15 years ago(1998) 选用for和since填空:
6.drink— drank--drunk 8. eat– ate--eaten 10.make— made--made 12.say— said--said
13.see-- saw-seen
14.find—found--found
15.draw--drew--drawn 17.hear--heard-heard
抄写动词以及过去式和过去分词。
1.be--was/were --been e— came--come
3.go--went--gone
4.do— did--done
57..ghiavvee----hgaadv-eh-a-gdiven 9.know--knew--known 11.run-- ran--run
现在完成时讲解及练习(答案)
现在完成时讲解及练习(答案)初中英语主要时态系列(六)——现在完成时讲解及练习1现在完成时的基本结构肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他⼀般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+⼀般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)2现在完成时的⽤法1. 现在完成时⽤来表⽰过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。
也就是说,动作或状态发⽣在过去但它的影响现在还存在,强调的是现在。
I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照⽚。
与此种⽤法连⽤的时间状语时⼀些模糊的过去时间状语,如already(肯定句句中), yet(否定句/疑问句句尾), just, before, recently,still, lately,never 等。
2. 现在完成时也可⽤来表⽰动作或状态发⽣在过去某⼀时刻,持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。
He has lived here since 1978.⾃从1978年以来,他⼀直住在这⼉。
(动作起始于1978年,⼀直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。
)此种⽤法常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句⼦)连⽤。
谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词:go out----be out finish----be over open----be open die----be dead buy---have fall ill---be ill come back----be back catch a cold----have a cold3现在完成时常见考法对于现在完成时的考查,多以单选、句型转换或词语运⽤的形式考查学⽣在具体语境中灵活运⽤时态的能⼒。
在考试中,会让⼤家判断是否该⽤现在完成时,或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤”这⼀知识点。
(完整版)初中现在完成时讲解和练习_.docx
现在完成时I.定:1.表示去生或已完成的作在造成的影响或果。
2.也可以表示去已开始,一直延到在的作或状II.在完成的构have/has+ done (去分 )注意:表示短作的,如:come, go, die, marry , buy 等的完成不能与for , since 等表示一段的用。
用来持的作或状或表去重复的作,如live , study, be, wait 等,常和since(自从)或for ()引的用。
如: I have lived here for more than thirty years. 我已在此住了30 多年。
III.在完成的状1. ever, never, twice(once⋯ ), so far(到目前止), , already (肯定句), yet (否定,疑句), just(), before (以前), recently (近来)等用2.Since+ 点, for+ 段,in the past/last few years表示短作的,如:come,go, die, marry, buy 等的完成不能与for, since 等表示一段的用。
用来持的作或状或表去重复的作,如live , study,be, wait 等,常和 since(自从)或for ()引的用。
明: already 与 yet 都有“已”的意思,但already 常用于肯定句,并用于句中。
yet 常用于否定句和疑句,并用于句末。
例如:I have already finished my homework.I haven’ t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?They have left. ( 他已离开了,也就是在他人不在里)I have had my lunch. ( 我已吃午了,也就是我在不)I can’ t find my watch now. I think I have already lost it.注意:1)在完成不能独与去的状用, 如 yesterday, last week, three years ago 等; 2) 不能与 when 用IV.在完成的用法A.表示去生或已完成的作在造成的影响或果,在造成的影想或果)。
现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)
现在完成时讲解一、构成:肯定式:主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?否认式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.过去分词规那么变化:a)一般情况下,直接加ed, 〔work---worked,water---watered, finish---finished等;〕b)以“辅音字母+ y〞结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, 〔carry-- -carried study---studied等;〕c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词,要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ed。
〔stop---stopped,shop---shopped〕d)以不发音的e结尾的动词,只加d 〔过去分词不规那么变化表:二、用法:用法一:表示过去〔已经、曾经或从未〕发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志词:①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,⑦once/twice/数字+ times例:I have cleaned my room. 我已清扫了房间(房间现在是干净的,不需要清扫了)They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。
)I have been there twice.a〕already 往往用于肯定句,用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气;yet 用于否认句和疑问句。
•He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。
•Has he already left here? 他〔真的〕已经离开这里了吗?〔表示加强语气〕•My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。
•Have you written to your parents yet? 你已经给你父母写过信了吗?b〕never 是否认词,表示“从来没有〞,而ever 表示“曾经〞•We have never been to the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。
