2011年6月英语四级真题作文
2011年6月英语四级真题作文作文题目：Online Shopping1、现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2、网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3、我的建议作文范文：Several decades ago, it should be a marvelous wonder to purchase our favorite gifts only by clicking the mouse and then just waiting for the door knock by a smiling expressive delivery courier with the exact package you ordered. While, today, it is no long a rare case. Combined with the fast food, the digital communication , online shopping has been a common part of our life。
Admittedly, on line shopping offers magical convenience. For example, it saves time and offers numerous choices since floods of information can be supplied on Internet. While, every coin has two sides and online shopping is no different. Have you still remembered the annoying time when you found the commodities you buy on Internet was not the slightest(微博) as what you had expected and longtime had to be taken for its replace and even compensation .Actually, just with the seemingly beautiful pictures of the products on Internet, it is hard for us to make rational choices. After all, seeing is believing。
Then, what should we do? The foremost is to enforce establish some relevant laws and regulations, with strong supervision over some shopping websites being reinforced as well. Then, the consumers also should be equipped with more alert in case of being trapped once again. Remember, any fast –and- easy things asks for big prices to be paid。
2010年12月英语四级真题作文【作文真题】Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2了让孩子独立, 父母应该……How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?【参考范文】. 为How should parents help children to be independent?Today in China, many families have only one child. So the children usually doted upon by all family members. Gradually some of them get used to depending on their parents and family members, as a result they lack the ability to face their lives by themselves.There are some ways to help children to be independent. First, the child should have a chance to see the world around him individually to understand that there are various people and competitions in their lives, and learn to find his right position in the society only by individual efforts. Second, it is impossible to ask a child not to depend on parents at once. The parents may give the child enough help and space to make him feel comfortable. A child needs help from their families. Because without any help, the child may lose his faith. Thirdly, parents can help their children make their own decisions, which can challenge his ability to deal with problems. A child should be praised when he is successful or encouraged when he fails.To be independent is vital for the children, because no parents can go with their children for the whole life. Only an independent person can live and enjoy a full and meaningful life.2010年6月英语四级真题作文四级作文题：Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling Due Attention Should Be Given To SpellingDue Attention Should Be Given To Spelling1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写，2. 出现这种现象的原因是…3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为…。
满分范文：Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling Nowadays, students attach less importance to the spelling of words in the process of English study. This phenomenon greatly influences students’writing and brings on worries among teachers。
There are possibly three reasons contributing to this phenomenon. First, exam-oriented education makes the students pay less attention to spelling. Second, some teachers should also be responsible for it because they don’t emphasize the importance of spelling during teaching. Last but not least, some students are too lazy t factors in English study, due attention should be given to it. As for me, I think, first, exams should be modified to add some factors into it, which would help students pay more attention to spelling. Then, schools should also set effective mechanisms to help teachers as well as the students to realize the importance. Finally, for students themselves, they can, through other ways, make them be interested in word spelling. Only by these can we surly realize the importance of spelling and make improvement。
2009年12月英语四级真题作文Create a green campus1.建设绿色校园十分重要2.绿色校园不仅指绿色环境3.为了建设绿色校园我们应该……Create a Green Campus “Green campus”is, to some extent, a relatively new concept to us. It not only means creating a green environment on campus, but also refers to that the students should be educated and have an environmental sense in their mind. Of course, this concept is very important for the students because it sets goals toward the future of the world。
2011年6月四级作文真题优秀范文
2011年6月四级作文真题优秀范文Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2.网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3.我的建议Online ShoppingNowadays, with the rapid development of information technology, online shopping has gained great popularity among more and more web users. For example, it is fashionable for youngsters to purchase daily essentials, such as books, clothes, electrical equipment, on some famous website, like Taobao, EBay and Alibaba.Undoubtedly speaking, online shopping has many advantages. Firstly, compared with traditional shopping, it’s very convenient. What you need to do is just clicking your mouse and waiting instead of going out by foot or driving. Secondly, more choices than real store are another attraction to customers. However, in spite of convenience and more choices of online shopping, we cannot turn a blind eye to its disadvantages. Obviously, quality problem is its first disadvantage. It’s common that articles aren’t so good just as they are described online that customers always buy fake commodities. In addition, it’s troublesome and annoying for many customers to make a change when they are not satisfied with what they bought online.As a college student, I like online shopping but I expected that effective measures should be taken to make it better。
2011年6月英语四级(CET4)真题
2012年12月四级考试作文范文Noting Succeeds Without a Strong WillNo great work can be performed without will. We envy famous men and imagine that fame was due to some trick of luck. But when we know their histories, we find that it is long years of will and constant effort that have brought about their success. Just as we can’t reach the top of a mountain without climbing, we can’t achieve success without will.The modern society provides people with more opportunities than before, and there are stories which tell us the possibility of becoming successful overnight. Actually that is not the case. Before these people become successful, a lot of hard work has been done, unnoticed mostly. What we usually see is the result, but what we ignore is a long process of struggling forward and wrestling with internal or external obstacles. Take “quitting smoking” for example, which is , to most people , a difficult task, so people always give up the idea for they don’t have the strong will.In a nutshell, strong will is an important condition or role of the success the individual should desire to maintain forever. There is no instant success in this world. Strong will is the best policy to make your life distinct and your dreams come true.2012年6月四级考试作文范文Online ShoppingWith the Internet becoming an increasingly closer friend to our daily life, online shopping is prevalent and pervasive among college students, white collars, and housewives. It has become one of the most fashionable and trendy life styles for modern people.There are a series of merits for this kind of shopping. First of all, online shopping helps us to save our valuable time. Moreover, When shopping on the e-mall, we are exposed to more options at the same time. Further, shopping online is a more eco-friendly way of living because it tremendously reduces our use of traffic, plastic bags, and money.However, it also gives rise to a serious of problems annoying and upsetting us. On the one hand, some immoral sellers may send us unsound and fake ones, resulting in bigger loss of our money and mood. On the other, when we fill in our personal information and the credit card number online, which would bring about some undesired and unexpected consequences.To conclude, every new-born phenomenon can be a double-bladed sword. I suggest that we be more cautious when we shop online. This can be achieved by more careful comparison, selection of higher-rated seller on the e-mall, and consultation with our more experienced friends.。
英语四级真题及答案及含解析(2011.6)
2011年6月大学英语四级真题Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words following the outline givenbelow:1．现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2．网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3．我的建议Online Shopping注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from thefour choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentenceswith the information given in the passage.British Cuisine: the Best of Old and NewBritish cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in recent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new.Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say."The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish."It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says.There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给)."As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food," Tomes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens."They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary (烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kongrestaurants are keeping up," says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. "Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes."Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restaurants are modifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while others are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.Tamlyn is in the second camp. "We select our food very particularly. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊)we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that."Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. We're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged."These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen's club-like in design, Neil Tomes explains his passion for provenance (原产地)."Britain has started to become really proud of the food it's producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats."However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients."We can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK," Tamlyn explains. "But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples."The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of "British cuisine", while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets."We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are pre-sented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish."Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and "mixing it up" is not something commonly done in Britain, but Yorkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner. "That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like," Hill says.This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉馆),Tamlyn says. "Some tables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them."Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的)to mess with, however, Tomes says. "I'd never change a full English breakfast."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2011年6月英语四级(CET4)真题
模拟试题1Part I Listening Comprehension (2 point each, 40 points)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D],and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) Look for a more expensive hotel.B) Go to another hotel by bus.C) Try to find a quiet place.D) Take a walk around the city.2. A) They’re talking about nice children.B) The man has a house for sale.C) The woman lives in a nice house.D) The man has three children.3. A) In a hotel.B) At a dinner table.C) In the street.D) At the man’s house.4. A) Relatives.B) Roommates.C) Colleagues.D) Neighbors.5. A) 5:00.B) 5:15.C) 5:30.D) 5:45.6. A) He wants to have more sleep.B) His wife doesn’t sleep well.C) Women need more sleep than men.D) He doesn’t need as much sleep as his wife.7. A) A student.B) A reporter.C) A visitor.D) A lecturer.8. A) To the school.B) To a friend’s house.C) To the post office.D) Home.9. A) He is afraid he won’t be chosen for the trip.B) The boss has not decided where to go.C) Such a trip is necessary for the company.D) It’s not certain whether the trip will take place.10. A) It was boring.B) It was entertaining.C) It was touching.D) It was encouraging.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D].Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage oneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) He wanted to find a place to read his papers.B) He wanted to kill time before boarding the plane.C) He felt thirsty and wanted some coffee.D) He went there to meet his friends.12. A) Toys for children.B) Important documents.C) Food and coffee.D) Clothes and scientific papers.13. A) The woman took his case on purpose.B) All his papers had been stolen.C) He had taken the wom an’s case.D) The woman played a joke on him.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) The liberation movement of British women.B) Rapid economic development in Britain.C) Changing attitudes to family life.D) Reasons for changes in family life in Britain.15. A) Because millions of men died in the war.B) Because women had proved their worth.C) Because women were more skillful than men.D) Because factories preferred to employ women.16. A) The concept of “the family” as a social unit.B) The attitudes to birth control.C) The attitudes to religion.D) The ideas of authority and tradition.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Those who are themselves spoiled and self-centered.B) Those who expected to have several children but could only have one.C) Those who like to give expensive jewels to their children.D) Those who give birth to their only children when they are below 30.18. A) Because their parents want them to share the family burden.B) Because their parents are too strict with them in their education.C) Because they have nobody to play with.D) Because their parents want them to grow up as fast as possible.19. A) Two types of only children.B) Parents’ responsibilities.C) The necessity of family planning.D) The relationship between parents and children.20. A) They have no sisters or brothers.B) They are overprotected by their parents.C) Their parents expect too much of them.D) Their parents often punish them for minor faults.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (1 point each, 40 points)21.Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people___.A. doB. hearC. do themD. hearing it22. This is an illness that can result in total blindness ___ left untreated.A. afterB. ifC. sinceD. unless23. The central provinces have floods in some years, and ___.A. drought in othersB. droughts are othersC. while other droughtsD. others in drought24. Do help yourself to some fruit,___ you?A. can’tB. don’tC. wouldn’tD. won’t25. There___ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an e nd half an hour earlier.A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be26. My mother can’t get ___ because she has rheumatism (风湿病).A. aboutB. onC. throughD. in27. I was very much put ___ by Mark’s rude behavior; it re ally annoy ed me.A. overB. offC. upD. by28. You ___ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.A. needn’t have toldB. needn’t tellC. mustn’t have toldD. mustn’t tell29. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there___ q uite such a crowd of people there.A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. w ouldn’t be30. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff ___ quality control can be substantially reduced.A. whoseB. asC. whatD. that31. ___ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy.A. LookingB. LookedC. Having lookedD. To look32. Many people are ___ to insect bites, and some even have to go to hospital.A. insensitiveB. allergicC. sensibleD. infected33. When you’re driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right ___.A. wayB. trackC. roadD. lane34. The motorist had to ___to avoid knocking the old woman down in the middle of the road.A. swerveB. twistC. departD. swing35. In winter drivers have trouble stopping their cars from ___ on icy roads.A. skatingB. skiddingC. slidingD. slipping36. This project would ___ a huge increase in defense spending.A. resultB. assureC. entailD. accomplish37. The chances of a repetition of these unfortunate events are ___ indeed.A. distantB. slimC. unlikelyD. narrow38. We should make a clear ___ between ’competent’ and ’proficient’ for the purposes of our discussion.A. separationB. divisionC. distinctionD. difference39. In the present economic ___ we can make even greater progress than previously.A. airB. moodC. areaD. climate40. Rite of Passage is a good novel by any standards;___, it shoul d rank high on any list of science fiction.A. consistentlyB. consequentlyC. invariablyD. fortunately41. The diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seeming ly___ source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.A. exploitedB. controversialC. inexhaustibleD. remarkable42. While he was in Beijing, he spent all his time ___ some import ant museums and buildings.A. visitingB. travelingC. watchingD. touring43. Yo u must let me have the annual report without ___ by ten o’cl ock tomorrow morning.A. failureB. hesitationC. troubleD. fail44. As the director can’t come to the reception, I’m representing the c ompanyA. on his accountB. on his behalfC. for his partD. in his interest45. Dreams are___ in themselves, but when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.A. uninformativeB. startlingC.harmlessD. uncontrollable46. The reporters exposed the corruption of several senior officers in the government; consequently, these officers _______ to resign from office.A. have askedB. were askedC. had askedD. had been asked47. The train _______ at th e present speed until it reaches the next city at about seven o’clock this evening.A. will be goingB. wentC. would goD. went48. Such _______ the ease, there are no grounds to justify your complaints.A. wasB. isC. is beingD. being49. I beg _______ your nephew’s wedding.A. to be excusedB. to be excused fromC. to excuse fromD. to be excused to50. The only candidate _______ can hope to defeat him is quit now,A. whoB. whichC. thatD. when51. Humble _______ it may be, there’s no place like home, _______ he may go.A. like, whenB. as, whereverC. although, whereD. which, wherever52. He ought to attend the meeting, _______?A. shou ld heB. ought heC. shouldn’t heD. oughtn’t he53. Mary is 18 years old this year; she _______ 19 next year.A. will beB. is to beC. is going to beD. should be54. Though it was late in the night, _______ he continued to work vigorously.A. butB. yetC. andD. that55. The doctor advised him to stay in bed, saying he was much _______.A. ill enoughB. too illC. so illD. very ill56. I was _______ study French yesterday, but I changed my mind.A. to be startingB. to startC. to have startedD. to have been starting57. You’d rather go to theater with him this evening, _______ ?A. are youB. hadn’t youC. isn’t itD. wouldn’t you58_______ that the formation of the sun, the planets, and other stars began with the condensation of an interstellar gas cloud.A. It is believedB. BelievingC. Being believedD. To believe59. One of the most spectacular qualities of man is notably his _______ to any kind of natural environment.A. tendencyB. adoptabilityC. adaptabilityD. availability60. I’m in no _______ now to go to concert with you.A. moodB. intentionC. emotionD. sensePart III Reading Comprehension (2 points each, 50 points)Directions:There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “fit” in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is thief or a meter reader, and so on.The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume (服装) of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook (钱包). Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apartfrom minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.61. In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help us ________.A) determine whether a person is fit for a certain jobB) behave appropriately in relation to other peopleC) protect ourselves in unfamiliar situationsD) make friends with other people62. According to the writer, people often assume different statuses ________.A) in order to identify themselves with othersB) in order to better identify othersC) as their mental processes changeD) as the situation changes63. The word “appraisal” (Line 5, Para. 2) most probably means “________”.A) involvementB) appreciationC) assessmentD) presentation64. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun “it” refers to “________”.A) fitting our actions to those of other people appropriatelyB) identification of other people’s statusesC) selecting one’s own statusesD) constant mental process65. By saying that “an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that ofa Hindu prince” (Line 2-3, Para. 3), the writer means ________.A) different people have different styles of clothesB) ready-made clothes may need alterationsC) statuses come ready made just like clothesD) our choice of statuses is limitedPassage TwoQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s big difference between “being a writer” and writing. In most cases theseindividuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, no t the long hours alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer.”The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer (自由撰稿者), I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it w as cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual type writer and felt like a genuine writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering, What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test-even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the Shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.66. The passage is meant to ________.A) warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experienceB) advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writerC) show young people it’s unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fameD) encourage young people to pursue a writing career67. What can be concluded from the passage?A) Genuine writers often find their work interesting and rewarding.B) A writer’s success depends on luck rather than on effort.C) Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolation.D) The chances for a writer to become successful are small.68. Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career?A) He wasn’t able to produce a single book.B) He hadn’t seen a change for the better.C) He wasn’t able to have a rest for a whole years.D) He found his dream would never come true.69. “... People who die wondering, What if?” (Line 3, Para. 3) refers to “those ________”.A) who think too much of the dark side of lifeB) who regret giving up their career halfwayC) who think a lot without making a decisionD) who are full of imagination even upon death70. “Shadowland” in the last sentence refers to ________.A) the wonderland one often dreams aboutB) the bright future that one is looking forward toC) the state of uncer tainty before one’s final goal is reachedD) a world that exists only in one’s imaginationPassage ThreeQuestions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.It is everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and late starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyments, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire (能发出的全部声音). This self-imitation leads on to deliberate (有意识的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.71. By “... challenges explanation” (Line 2, Para. 1) the author means that ________.A) no explanation is necessary for such an obvious phenomenonB) no explanation has been made up to nowC) it’s no easy job to provide an adequate explanationD) it’s high time that an explanation was provided72. The third paragraph is mainly about ________.A) the development of babies’ early forms of languageB) the difficulties of babies in learning to speakC) babies’ strong desire to communicateD) babies’ intention to communicate73. The author’s p urpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that children ________.A) usually obey without asking questionsB) are passive in the process of learning to speakC) are born cooperativeD) learn to speak by listening74. From the passage we learn that ________.A) early starters can learn to speak within only six monthsB) children show a strong desire to communicate by making noisesC) imitation plays an important role in learning to speakD) children have various difficulties in learning to speak75. The best title for this passage would be ________.A) How Babies Learn to SpeakB) Early Forms of LanguageC) A Huge Task for ChildrenD) Noise Making and Language LearningPassage FourQuestions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage.Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive (认知学派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary (金钱的) rewards sparks creativity in grade-school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements (刺激) indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it’s easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.”A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing grades.In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.76. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ________.A) the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewardsB) the amount of monetary rewards for stud ent’ creativityC) the study of relationship between actions and their consequencesD) the effects of external rewards on students’ performance77. What is the response of many educators to external rewards for their students?A) They have no doubts about them.B) They have doubts about them.C) They approve of them.D) They avoid talking about them.78. Which of the following can best raise students’ creativity according to Robert Eisenberger?A) Assigning them tasks they have not dealt with before.B) Assigning them tasks which require inventiveness.C) Giving them rewards they really deserve.D) Giving them rewards they anticipate.79. It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their gradingstandards because they believe ________.A) rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of studentsB) punishment is more effective than rewardingC) failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standardsD) discouraging the students’ anticipati on for easy rewards is a matter of urgency80. The phrase “token economies” (Line 1, Para. 5) probably refers to ________.A) ways to develop economyB) systems of rewarding studentsC) approaches to solving problemsD) methods of improving performancePassage FiveGlobal reserves of fresh water add up to more than 37 million cubic kilometers, enough to fill the Mediterranean 10 times over. More than three-fourths of this water is bound up in glaciers and polar ice,however, where it is largely beyond the reach of present technology. Almost all the rest consists of water in underground aquifers, which are not yet exploited intensively. The main sources of supply -- the waters of lakes and rivers and the water vapor in the atmosphere -- make up less than 1 percent of the total.The ultimate source of fresh water is the continuous distillation of the oceans by solar radiation. The annual evaporation of water ( including transpiration by plants) is roughly 500,000cubic kilometers, of which 430,000 comes from the oceans and the remaining 70,000 from waters on the continents. Because the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere is essentially constant the same amount of water must fall back to the surface as rain and snow. It is of vital importance to terrestrial life that a disproportionate share of this precipitation falls on land. Whereas the continents lose 70,000 cubic kilometers of water to evaporation, they receive 110,000 from precipitation, so that the net effect of the hydrologic cycle is to transfer some 40,000 cubic kilometers of fresh water each year from the oceans to the continents.Although the net continental influx is 40,000 cubic kilometers per year, not all of it is available for man's use. Much is lost through floods or is held in the soil or in swamps. The maximum that might reasonably be applied to human purposes is about 14,000 cubic kilometers per year, which is the base flow, or stable runoff excluding flood waters, of all the world's rivers and streams and of those isolated underground aquifers that discharge directly through evaporation. Of this volume about 5,000 cubic kilometers flow in regions that are uninhabited and are likely to remain so because they are climatically unsuited to human settlement. Hence the effective world water resource, from which all needs will have to be met for some years to come, is about 9,000 cubic kilometers per year.81. Of all the reserves of fresh water in the world, about three-fourths is ______.A)consumed by glaciers and polar iceB)in solid formC)out of the reach of present technologyD)converted into sea water annually82. Fresh water, as the passage states, originates from ______.A)the water vapor in the atmosphereB)lakes and riversC)sea water through distillation by solar radiationD)both A and B83. Based on context clues, we can know that "precipitation" means ______.A)the evaporation of water from the landB)the water reserves on landC)the unevenly-distributed rain and snow fallsD)water falling in the form of rain and snow84. Every year the continents get back ______.A)the same amount of water as is lost to evaporationB)less water than that which is lost to evaporationC)more water than that which is lost to evaporationD)different amounts of water based on weather conditions85. The end of the passage implies that the water finally available for mankind to utilize each year ______.A)is enough to meet all human needsB)is a little more than enough for all human needsC)is not adequate for all human needsD)is adequate now but will not be enough for some years to comePart IV Translation (4 points each, 40 points)Direction:Translate the following sentences 86-90 from English to Chinese and sentences 91-95 from Chinese to English.1. Some people say that in the next 30 years the population of Antarctica will grow steadily, so will the population of India.2. Someday, perhaps, scientists will be able to exactly predict the occurrence of earthquake.3. All night long he lay awake, worrying about his financial problem.4. It is widely accepted that the whole structure of our society depends on mutual trust.5. By six thirty every morning, the playground has been full of students doing morning exercises.6.看来人们喜欢我的演讲——至少他们听完了我的演讲并在我讲话结束时鼓掌。
作文范文之2011年6月cet4作文
2011年6月cet4作文【篇一：2011年6月cet6作文题范文】certificate craze on the campus1．目前，大学生们热衷于考取各种各样的证书，“考证热”成为潮流 2．出现这种现象的原因3．我的看法【2011年6月六级真实作文题】essay 8 六级题目：directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of certificate craze. you should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1．现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试2．其目的各不相同3．在我看来certificate craze.【精彩范文】certificate craze on the campus作者：钱坤强（考前预测范文：精确命中考题！观点是平衡型的）nowadays, walking around the campus of any university in china，one cannot fail to be greeted with endless arrays of posters, in front of canteens or around dormitories, that attract students to attend diverse training programs whose sole purpose is to help obtain various professional certificates. it is by no means an exaggeration to claim that every college student has one or many such certificates.behind such a certificate craze are the heightening anxieties of students over their future career. the supply of talents being gravely surplus on the labor market, prospective employers tend to recruit the best graduates with multiple talents. this employment orientation has rendered college education, largely confined to particular specialties, severely insufficient. to enhance their competitiveness on the job market, students have no alternative but to pursue additional qualifications by obtaining one certificate after another. nobody seems to an exception to this nationwide craze.however, such a practice can be a double-edged sword. while the knowledge and skills thus acquired can be a useful supplement to college education, students’ time and energy might be seriously diverted, rendering them unable to concentrate on their proper specialties. nevertheless, your future employer’s primary concern is your in-depth knowledge and skills in your specialty and your failure to possess them might result in your failure to be considered in the first place, no matter how many certificates you can produce!【参考译文】校园里的考证热译者：钱坤强现在漫步于任何一所中国大学的校园，我们眼之所及，无不充斥着一片又一片连绵不断的海报，无论是在食堂前面或寝室周围，吸引学生们去参加名目繁多的培训项目，其唯一的目就是帮助你去获取这样那样的专业证书。
2011年6月英语四级(CET4)真题
主题：低碳生活问题解决性作文1. 低碳生活受到人们的普遍欢迎；2. 低碳生活方式非常有好处；3. 我们应该如何去做[范文]Nowadays, there are a considerable number of individuals who prefer to lead a low-carbon lifestyle which find expression in the fact that more and more commuters are using public transportation system in their daily life.Low carbon lifestyle can endow us and our society with numerous benefits. Firstly, it goes beyond doubt that low carbon lifestyle contributes a lot to the environmental protection and it is a favorable way to slow down the rate of climate change of our earth, which also means a lot to our health.We are supposed to undertake the responsibility to lead a low-carbon lifestyle, which is of great significance. And there is a diversity of measures we can take so as to lead such an environmental-friendly life. For one thing, we are expected to minimize the use of private cars, which emit a large amount of greenhouse gases. For another, we are supposed to cultivate the public awareness of energy conservation for energy in the world today is decreasing rapidly. For instance, we can turn off electrical appliances if not necessary as well as using renewable materials. Furthermore, at our leisure, we can seek opportunities to plant more trees which can absorb carbon-dioxide.In brief, low-carbon lifestyle is nothing but the best choice for us and only in this way can we form a harmonious relationship with the environmentOn Space Project给《**周刊》宇航专栏的编辑写一封信，说明你对太空探索项目的态度(支持或反对)，并简单陈述你的理由。
2011年6月四级作文范文
2011年6月四级作文范文：大都市生活带来的优点【题目】Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place would you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.【范文】The Advantages of City LifeThere are undeniable advantages to both life in a big city and in a small town. The former offers more excitement and convenience while the latter offers a cleaner，quieter and often friendlier place to live. However，despite the advantages of small town life，I prefer to live in a big city for several reasons.First，life in the city is more convenient. More goods are available and stores are open later. Also，there is better public transportation so it is easier to get around. I can find almost anything I want easily in the city. Second，there are more ways to spend leisure time in the city. There are many places I can go to meet friends and have fun. Finally，and most importantly，the city offers more educational and career opportunities. The city often attracts the best teachers and the best companies. There is also a wider choice of jobs so it is easier to move up the career ladder.For all of these reasons，I prefer to live in the city. Although I sometimes miss the fresh air and quiet life of a small town，nothing can make up for the opportunities that the city offers me. If one wants to be successful，2011四级作文范文：电视对人们沟通带来的影响【题目】Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television has destroyed communication among friends and family. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.【范文】The Effects of Television on CommunicationThere is no doubt that television has greatly changed people‟s lives. After its invention，it became an almost indispensable part of most households within the space of just a few years. Nowadays，many families have two or even three television sets so that every member of the family can watch what he wants whenever he wants. In my opinion，this has significantly reduced the amount of time that family and friends spend communicating with each other.Before the invention of television，people spent their leisure time in more active and social pursuits. They often played cards or other games，listened to the radio together or went out to see friends. But now television is widely available and it offers a variety of program choices that appeal to almost every interest. People no longer have to look to others for entertainment. Also，television can be like a sedative. Studies have shown that watching a great deal of television makes people more passive. Finally，people are simply watching increasing amounts of television. And with two or three TV sets in the house，there is no need for them to even watch it t2011新东方四级作文范文：阐述健康在生命中的重要性[题目]Health and LifeAs the saying goes，you don‟t know what happiness is until you lose it‟ you don‟t know what health is until you are ill. “Health is of vital importance to life” sounds like a cliche to everyone，but it is absolutely true.The negligence of the delicate balance of your body and soul，the harmful habits such as smoking，excessive drinking and burning mid-night oil will catch up with you someday. Howmany big plans are interrupted by bad health! Even a normal life is unimaginable without the guarantee of health.How to keep fit is an eternal topic of diversity and controversy. Regardless of all the different suggestions poured from all kinds of sources，one should do at least two things for him/herself. First，hold an active and optimistic attitude toward life and maintain a mental well-being. Second，live a regular life and keep a balanced diet. Anyway，a healthy life is within reach when you begin to adjust your mind and body.2011CET4作文范文：阐述城市公共交通的重要性【题目】Should governments spend more money on improving roads and highways，or should governments spend more money on improving public transportation (buses，trains，subways)? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.【范文】Good transportation is very important to the success of both individuals and a city. Without efficient means of transportation，people will waste a great deal of time going to and from work. This will make them tired and less productive in their jobs. People may rely on either private or public transportation to get them to and from work. If a choice has to be made between spending money on improving the roads for private vehicles or improving public transportation，I would choose the latter for the following reasons.First of all，better public transportation systems，including buses，trains and subways，will encourage more people to use them rather than drive their own cars. This will reduce the total amount of traffic on the roads and make travel quicker for everyone. Second，using public transportation saves energy11年6月四级真题作文范文：儿童教育应群教还是因材施教Some people think educate children of different abilities together will benefit them. others think intelligent children should be taught separately and give special courses，discuss both side and give own opinionEndowed by different talents，every individual is contributing to our society in different ways. Therefore，to treat every student equally is a common practice at existent schools; however，there is a tendency of growing popularity that schools are oriented by producing "elite students". It has aroused fierce controversies，for which reason I suggest that schools should keep their traditional strategy unchanged.To begin with，to separate students according to their individual competence can injure their personality development. Some seemingly intelligent students are instilled with a sense of superiority. Consequently，they place themselves over the rest of the class，but some findings have indicated that those are of great wise are not necessarily of great use.Secondly，to categorize students with a rigid rule can spur the rivalry between students，which is harmful for the academic atmosphere of a school. Schools are prestigious because of their inborn ability to provide children a relaxing and cooperative environment to study. To treat gifted children different would inescapably upgrade t2011年四级作文预测：社会不文明现象On Uncivilized BehaviorsWe cannot fail to notice that countless uncivilized behaviors exist in our daily lives, such as spitting, talking loudly, littering, saying nasty words in public places and so forth. All these arebad manners that we should not lose sight of. As an ancient land enjoying a splendid civilization spanning over 5,000 years, China is witnessing a surge in improper acts that every Chinese citizen should feel ashamed of. Uncivilized behaviors by a host of Chinese both at home and abroad have seriously affected China's image, according to an editorial posted on People Daily's official website。
2011年6月英语四级（CET4）真题
2011年6月英语四级（CET4）真题College English Achievement Testfor College English (New Edition)《大学英语》（全新版）四级学业测试Band 4(2006. 05)Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press上海外语教育出版社Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition. Your composition may consist of two or three paragraphs and include the following main ideas given in Chinese.06年6月的大学英语四级测试中将会增加快速阅读，有些人认为这样做，对于测试考生的真实水平并无太大意义，也有些人认为此举将极大改变学生的学习方法及提高学生的综合能力，请就此改革发表你自己的看法。
Is It Necessary to T est Fast Reading in Band-4 Examination?________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.In many ways, today?s business environment has changed qualitatively since the late 1980s. The end of the Cold War radically altered the very nature of the world?s politics and economics. In just a few short years, globalization has started a variety of trends with profound consequences: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation(解除政府对……的控制) of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital. We have experienced both the benefits and risks of a truly global economy, with both Wall Street and Main Street (平民百姓)feeling the pains of economic disorder half a world away.At the same time, we have fully entered the Information Age.Starting breakthroughs in information technology have irreversibly altered the ability to conduct business unconstrained by the traditional limitations of time or space. Today, it?s almost impossible to imagine a world without intranets, e-mail, and portable computers. With stunning speed, the Internet is profoundly changing the way we work, shop, do business, and communicate.As a consequence, we have truly entered the Post-Industrial economy. We are rapidly shifting from an economy based on manufacturing and commodities to one that places the greatest value on information, services, support, and distribution. That shift, in turn, places an unprecedented premium on “knowledge workers,” a new class of wealthy, educated, and mobile people who view themselves as free agents in a seller?s market.Beyond the realm of information technology, the accelerated pace of technological change in virtually every industry has created entirely new business, wiped out others, and produced a Pervasive(广泛的)demand for continuous innovation. New product, process, and distribution technologies provide powerful levers for creating competitive value. More companies are learning the importance of destructive technologies—innovations that hold the potential to make a product line, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.Another major trend has been the fragmentation of consumer and business markets. There?s a growing appreciation that superficially similar groups of customers may have very different preferences in terms of what they want to buy and how they want to buy it. Now, new technology makes it easier, faster, and cheaper to identify and serve targeted micro-markets in ways that were physically impossible or prohibitively expensivein the past. Moreover, the trend feeds on itself, a business?s ability to serv e sub-markets fuels customers? appetites for more and more specialized offerings.1. In the past decades, the changes in the business environment can be attributed to globalization.2. The pains of economic disorder can be felt only by financial experts.3. Today, people attach more importance to “knowledge workers” than in the past.4. Destructive technologies can get rid of a total business segment.5. The fragmentation of consumer and business markets cannot serve consumers? needs well.6. As a result of the fragmentation of markets, the consumers will become more and moredemanding.7. There are more risks than benefits about global economy.1.〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕2.〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕3. 〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕4.〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕5.〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕6. 〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕7.〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕8. Information technology has removed the restrictions .9. Destructive technologies are technologies which can .10. New product,process and distribution technologies provide powerful levers forcreating .Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will bea pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), anddecide which is the best answer.11. A) They will be replaced by on-line education sooner or later.B) They will attract fewer kids as on-line education expands.C) They will continue to exist along with on-line education.D) They will limit their teaching to certain subjects only.12. A) Move the washing machine to the basement.B) Turn the basement into a workshop.C) Repair the washing machine.D) Finish his assignment.13. A) It?s quiet in the restaurant.B) The price is high in the restaurant.C) The restaurant serves good food.D) The restaurant is too far from their school.14. A) See a doctor. B) Stay in bed for a few days.C) Get treatment in a better hospital. D) Make a phone call to the doctor.15. A) Alice didn?t seem to be nervous during her speech.B) Alice needs more training in making public speeches.C) The man can hardly understand Alice?s presentation.D) The man didn?t think highly of Alice?s presentation.16. A) The man is late for the trip because he is busy.B) The woman is glad to meet Mr. Brown in person.C) The man is meeting the woman on behalf of Mr. Brown.D) The woman feels sorry that Mr. Brown is unable to come.17. A) Quit delivering flowers.B) Work at a restaurant.C) Bring her flowers every day.D) Leave his job to work for her.18. A) She has learned a lot from the novel.B) She also found the plot difficult to follow.C) She usually has difficulty remembering names.D) She can recall the names of most characters in the novel.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Two different games. B) A meeting.C) Two different communication styles. D) Bowling.20. A) Great Britain. B) China.C) The United States. D) Japan.21. A) During the meeting, some foreign teachers threw balls at the professor.B) The professor left halfway during the meeting.C) The Japanese were rude to foreigners.D) Both the man and the woman were good bowling players.22. A) A match. B) Tennis. C) V olleyball. D) Bowling.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Stingy. B) Heartless. C) Considerate. D) Careless.24. A) Do the laundry by herself.B) Take care of the old washwoman.C) Do nothing at all.D) Take the old lady to the hospital.25. A) The mother cares more about a bundle of clothes thana human being.B) Something terrible has happened to the old lady.C) The son apparently misunderstands his mother.D) The mother is selfish.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).26. A) It takes skill. B) It pays well.C) It?s a full-time job. D) It?s admired worldwide.27. A) A mother with a baby in her arms.B) A woman whose bag is hanging in front.C) A lone female with a handbag at her right side.D) An old lady carrying a handbag on the left.28. A) The back pocket of his tight trousers.B) The top pocket of jacket.C) A side pocket of his jacket.D) A side pocket of his trousers.29. A) Theater lobbies with uniformed security guards.B) Clothing stores where people are relaxed and off guard.C) Airports where people carry a lot of luggage.D) Hotels and restaurants in southeast London.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) He ran a village shop. B) He worked on a farm.C) He worked in an advertising agency. D) He was a gardener.31. A) It was stressful. B) It was colorful.C) It was peaceful. D) It was boring.32. A) His desire to start his own business. B) The crisis in his family life.C) The decline in his health. D) His dream of living in the countryside.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) Because there are no signs to direct them.B) Because no tour guides are available.C) Because all the buildings in the city look alike.D) Because the university is everywhere in the city.34. A) They set their own exams. B) They select their own students.C) They award their own degrees. D) They organize their own laboratory work.35. A) Most of them have a long history.B) Many of them are specialized libraries.C) They have more books than any other university library.D) They each have a copy of book published in Britain.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exactwords you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill inthe missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or writedown the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the thirdtime, you should check what you have written.There are a lot of good cameras available at the moment—most of these are made in Japan but there are also good quality (36)________from Germany and the USA. We have (37) a range of different models to see which the best (38) is for money. After a number of different tests and interviews with people who are (39) with the different cameras being assessed, our researchers (40) the Olympic BY model as the best auto-focus camera available at the moment. It costs $200 although you may well want to spend more—(41) as much as another $200—on buying (42) lenses and other equipment. It is a good Japanese camera, easy to use.(43) , whereas the American versions are considerably more expensive. The Olympic BY model weighs only 320 grams which is quite a bit.(44)____________________________. Indeed one of the other models we looked at weighed almost twice as much. (45) . All the people we interviewed expressed almost total satisfaction with it.(46) .Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passageSports are one of the world?s largest industries, and most athletes are professionals who are paid for their efforts. Because an athlete succeeds by achievement only—not by (47) background or family connections, sports can be a fast (48) to wealth, and many athletes play more for money than for love. This has not always been true. In the ancient Olympics the winner got only a wreath olive leaves(橄榄叶花环).Even though the winners became national heroes, the games remained (49) for centuries. Athletes won fame but no money. As time passed however, the (50) become increasingly less amateur and cities began to hire athletes to (51) them. By the fourth century A.D., the Olympics were ruined, and they were soon ended.In 1896,the Olympic games were revived (使再度兴起) with the same goal of pure amateur (52) . The rules bar athletes who have ever received a $50 prize or an athletic scholar or who have spent four weeks in a training camp. At least one competitor in the 1896 games meets these (53) . He was Spiridon Loues, a water carrier who won the marathon race. After race, a rich Athenian offered him anything he wanted. A true amateur, Loues accepted only a cart and a horse. Then he gave up running forever. But Loues was an exception and now, as the Chairman of the German Olympic Committee said,“Nobody pays any attention to these rules.”Man y countries pay their athletes to train (54) , and Olympic athletes are eager to sell their names to companies that make everything from ski equipment to fast food.Even the games themselves have become a huge business. Countries fight to hold the Olympics not only for honor, but formoney. The 1972 games in Munich cost the Germans 545 million dollars, but by selling medal, (55) , TV rights, food, drink, hotel rooms, and souvenirs (纪念品), they managed to make a profit. Appropriately the symbol of victory in the Olympic Games is no longer a simple olive (56) —it is a gold medal.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Ask most people how they define the American Dream and chances are they?ll say, “Success.” The dream of individual opportunity has been home in American since Europeans discovered a “new world” in the Western Hemisphere. Early immigr ants like Hector St. Jean de Crevecoeur praised highly the freedom and opportunity to be found in this new land. His glowing descriptions of a classless society where anyone could attain success through honesty and hard work fired the imaginations of many European readers: in Letters from an American Farmer (1782) he wrote. “We are all excited at the spirit of an industry which is unfettered (无拘无束的) and unrestrain ed, because each person works for himself … We have no princes, for whom we toil (干苦力活)，starve, and bleed: we are the most perfect society now existing in the world.” The promise of a land where “the rewards of a man?s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” drew poor immigrants from Europe and fueled national expansion into thewestern territories.Our national mythology (神化)is full of illustration the American success story. There?s Benjamin Franklin, the very model of the self-educated, self-made man, who rose from modest origins to become a well-known scientist, philosopher, and statesman. In the nineteenth century, Horatio Alger, a writer of fiction for young boys, became American?s best-selling author with rags-to-riches tales. The notion of success haunts us: we spend million every year reading about the rich and famous, le arning how to “make a fortune in real estate with no money down,” and “dressing for success.” The myth of success has even invaded our personal relationships: today it?s as important to be “successful” in marriage or parenthoods as it is to come out on top in business.But dreams easily turn into nightmares. Every American who hopes to “make it” also knows the fear of failure, because the myth of success inevitably implies comparison between the haves and thehave-nots, the stars and the anonymous crowd.U nder pressure of the myth, we become indulged in status symbols: we try to live in the “right” neighborhoods, wear the “right” clothes, eat the “right” foods. Th ese symbols of distinction assure us and others that we believe strongly in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens.57. What is the essence of the American Dream according to Crevecoeur?A) People who are honest and working hard can succeed.B) People are free from exploitation and oppression.C) People can fully enjoy individual freedom.D) People are free to develop their power of imagination.58. By saying “the rewards of a man?s indus try follow with equal steps the progress ofhis labor” (Para. 1), the author means ______________.A) a company?s success depends on its employees? hard workB) a man?s business should be developed step by stepC) laborious work ensures the growth of an industryD) the more diligent one is, the bigger his returns59. The characters described in Horatio Alger?s novels are people who _______________.A) became famous despite their modest originsB) became wealthy after starting life very poorC) succeed in real estate investmentD) earned enormous fortunes by chances60. It can be inferred from the last sentence of the second paragraph that _________________.A) Americans wish to succeed in every aspect of lifeB) good personal relationships lead to business successC) business success often contributes to a successful marriageD) successful business people provide good care for their children61. What is the paradox of American culture according to the author?A) Status symbols are not a real indicator of a person?s wealth.B) The American Dream is nothing but an empty dream.C) The American road to success is full of nightmares.D) What Americans strive after often contradicts their beliefs.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.As a wise man once said, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age. This isn?t the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplations, but a fact of Europe?s new economic landscape, embraced by sociologists, real-estate developers and ad executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the “irresistible momentum of individualism” over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have greatly wreaked havoc(扰乱)on Europeans? private lives.Europe?s new economic climate has largely fostered the trend toward independence. The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europe?s shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, today?s tech-savvy (精通技术的) workers have embraced a free market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so.Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage—twenty something professionals or widowed senior citizens. While pensioners, particularly elderly women,make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. Living alonewas conceived to be negative—dark and cold, while being together suggested warmth and light. But then came along the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, strong! Now, young people want to live alone.The boom ing economy means people are working harder than ever. And that doesn?t leave much room for relationships. Pimpi Arroyo, a 35-year-old composer who lives alone in a house in Paris, says he hasn?t got time to get lonely because he has too much w ork. “I have deadlines which would make life with someone else fairly difficult.” Only an Ideal Woman would make him change his lifestyle, he says. Kaufmann, author of a recent book called “The Single Woman and Prince Charm ing,” thinks this fierce new individualism me ans that people expect more and more of mates, so relationships don?t last long—if they start at all. Eppendorf, a blond Berliner with a deep tan, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbathes or sleeps, resting up for going dancing. Just shy of 50, she says she?d never have wanted to do what her mother did—give up a career to raise a family. Instead, “I?ve always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life.”62. More and more young Europeans remain single because ___________________.A) they are driven by an overwhelming sense of individualismB) they have entered the workforce at a much earlier ageC) they have embraced a business culture of stabilityD) they are pessimistic about their economic future63. What is said about European society in the passage?A) It has fostered the trend towards small families.B) It is getting closer to American-style capitalism.C) It has limited consumer choice despite a free market.D) It is being threatened by irresistible privatization.64. According to Paragraph 3, the newest groups of singles are ___________________.A) warm and lighthearted B) on either side of marriageC) negative and gloomy D) healthy and wealthy65. The author quotes Eppendorf to show that __________________.A) some modern women prefer a life of individual freedomB) the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day EuropeC) some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonelyD) most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable66. What is the author?s purpose in writing the passage?A) To review the impact of women becoming high earners.B) To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism.C) To examine the trend of young people living alone.D) To stress the rebuilding of personal relationships.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions:Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 87. For my own part, I should certainly hesitate to hire a clerk on his face / appearancealone_________________________________________________ (外表往往是靠不住的).88. Many women today feel the same stress to produce and get ahead and, at the same time,_________________________________________ (又要养育子女，承担起) a variety of domestic responsibilities.89. Initial reports coming out of the region indicate the earthquake has caused_____________________________________________________ (广泛的破坏和重大的人员伤亡).90. _____________________________________________(虽然我们没有见到任何壮观的景物), weenjoyed every minute in the town that lies out of the range of the heavy traffic and noise of the large city.91. The stress we feel arises not from a shortage of time, ______________________________________________________________________ (而是我们试图往时间里塞入过量的事情) .Key to Achievement TestPart I WritingIs It Necessary to T est Fast Reading in Band-4 Examination?In 2006, a fast reading test will be included in the CET-4 test. Many people welcome this as they think the candidates will greatly benefit form the reform. First, the test will make many students get rid of their bad reading habits and cultivate good ones. Second, many studies show that the ability to read fast proves necessary and important in our future work, esp. when we communicate with westerners. Third, fast reading will encourage the students to enlarge their vocabulary, esp. vocabularyessential to work and life.At the same time, many people are opposed to the reform. Their reasons are as follows: First, they fear that they won?t adapt to the new test and will get low scores. Second, they do not see the importance of reading fast and therefore believe that it is no use adding this section.I believe the reform is a good thing and certainly has lots of advantages. I will do a lot ofexercises to improve my reading speed and enlarge my vocabulary so that in my future work, I will communicate smoothly with foreign clients.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. Y2. N3.Y4. Y5. N6.Y7. NG8. of time and space in business transactions.9. eliminate a whole business segment.10. competitive value.Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. C 12. D 13. A 14. A 15. A16. C 17. D 18.B 19. C 20. D21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25.CSection B26. A 27. C 28.A 29.B 30. C31. A 32.B 33. D 34.B 35. D36. passion 37. investigated 38. value 39. familiar40. recommend 41. perhaps 42. additional43. Equivalent German models tend to be heavier and slightly less easy to use.44. less than other cameras of a similar type.45. Similarly, it is smaller than most of its competitors, thus fitting easily into a pocket or ahandbag.46. The only problem was the slight awkwardness in loading the film.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A47. I 48. M 49. H 50.G 51. F52. K 53. L 54. D 55. A 56. CSection B57. C 58.D 59.B 60. A 61. D62. A 63. B 64. D 65. A 66. DPart V Cloze67. D 68. C 69.A 70. B 71. D72. A 73. A 74. D 75. C 76. D77. B 78. C 79. A 80. D 81. A82. C 83. B 84. A 85. B 86. CPart VI Translation87. Appearances are all too often deceptive.88. to nurture their offspring and shoulder89. widespread devastation /damage and heavy casualties90. Though we did not see anything spectacular91. but from the surfeit of things we trying to cram into itTapescript of Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question willbe spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, youmust read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D) and decide which the best answer is.11. M: What do you think of the prospects for online education? Is it going to replace the traditionalschool?W: I doubt it. Schools are here to stay, because there are much more than just book learning. Even though more and more kids are going online. I believe fewer of them will quit school altogether.Q: What does the woman think of the conventional schools?12. M: Allen is in the basement trying to repair the washing machine.W: Shouldn?t he be working on his term paper?Q: What does the woman think Allen should do?13. M: The food in this restaurant is horrible. If only we?d gone to the school dining hall.W: But the food is n?t everything. Isn?t it nice just to get away from all the noise?Q: What can we learn from the conversation?14. W: Carol told us on the phone not to worry about her. Her left leg doesn?t hurt as much as it didyesterday.M: She?d better have it exami ned by a doctor anyway. And I。
2011年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案-推荐下载
2011年6月18日大学英语四级考试真题Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with theinformation given in the passage.British Cuisine: the Best of Old and NewBritish cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in recent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new.Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong’s smartest British restaurants, Alfie’s by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say.“The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England,” the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realize that cooking — and eating — didn’t have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston Blumenthal’s molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish.“It’s no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food,” Tomes says.There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation’s cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain’s food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给).“As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food,” Tomes says. “And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens.”They weren’t looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritization of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn’t compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital’s culinary (烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.With the opening of Alfie’s in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. “With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up,” says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. “Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes.”Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restaurants are modifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while others are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.Tamlyn is in the second camp. “We select our food very particularly. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊) we use Bird’s Custard Powder,” Tamlyn says. “Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard isdifferent, and we stay true to that.”Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. “There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can’t alter these too much. We’re a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged.”These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie’s, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen’s club-like in design, Neil Tomes explains his passion for provenance (原产地). “Britain has started to become really proud of the food it’s producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats.”However, the British don’t have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients.“We can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK,” Tamlyn explains. “But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples.”The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of “British cuisine”, while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets.“We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn’t perhaps associate as British, but are presented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish.”Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and “mixing it up” is not something commonly done in Britain, but Yorkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner. “That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like,” Hill says.This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉馆), Tamlyn says, “Some tables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them.”Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的) to mess with, however, Tomes says, “I’d never change a full English breakfast.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答；8-10题在答题卡1上。
2011年6月英语四级完整版答案及解析
2011年6⽉英语四级完整版答案及解析 Part I Writing 标准版 Doing Shopping Online With the development of the Internet, shopping is no longer a tiring thing. Just click your mouse to choose the articles you like, and the purchase is done. You don't even have to step out of the room. It seems all easy and quick. However, people's opinions vary on this trend. Some believe that on line shopping is time and money saving. With plentiful selection options, they can buy whatever they like at any time convenient. Still others insist that mis-purchasing alone is annoying enough, not to mention the credibility of the sellers and the safety of their accounts. In my opinion, the convenience and excitement of on line shopping is beyond all doubts. In the meantime, we must always bear in mind that certain traps do exist, so we'd better make sure the sellers are trustworthy before buying. In addition, we should also guard ourselves from the potential hackers who might steal our account information. ⽂章点评： 这是⼀篇“中等偏上”的学⽣作⽂。