牛津高中英语虚拟语气的全部考点和记忆技巧
虚拟语气的基本内容
【开头引入】
If 如果(如果有两种可能,有可能发生的，不可能发生的。)
①有可能发生If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the park.
②不可能发生虚拟语气，例如，如果我是姚明，。。。
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望，假设，猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。所以，凡表示与事实不符的假设，想象，愿望时，需用虚拟语气表达。
一、If 引导的虚拟
（一）If 引导的虚拟语气,可用下表表示。
例如：
①与现在事实相反：If I had wings, I would fly over the sea.
②If she were rich, she would buy a bigger house.
If there were no gravity, we would not be able to walk on the earth.
②与过去事实相反：
If You had gone to the party, You would have seen YaoMing.
If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.
③与将来事实相反：
If he were to tomorrow, We would have the meeting.
If he should come tomorrow, We could go to the park together.
If there were a heavy snow next Monday, we would not go skating.
（二）if虚拟语气条件句的省略倒装。
如果虚拟条件从句中有were, had, should,可把if 省略，把were, had, should 提到主语前面，成为倒装结构。
①If I were you, I would accept the challenges.
----Were I you, I would accept the challenges
②If you had informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract.
----Had you informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract.
③If she should be my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad.
要不是…”
①Were it not for your help, I would never be a good boss.
要不是你的帮助，我永远成不了一个好的老板。
②Had it not been for you, I would have lost my way.
当时要不是你，我就迷路了。
**如果谓语动词是否定形式，不能用动词的缩略形式。
3. If it weren’t for the expense, I would go broad now.
Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.
Exercises.1
1.Had she worked harder, she _____________________ (succeed).
2.If the lawyer had been here last Saturday, he ________________me from going. (prevent)
3.__________ such a disaster _________, the damage would be incalculable. (occur)
4._________he _________ today, he would get there by Friday. (leave)
5.If there were life on Mars, such life forms __________ unable to survive on the earth.(be)
6.--Did you remind him of the meeting?
--No, if I __________at home, I would have.(be)
7.—John went to the hospital alone.
—If he _____ me about it , I would have gone with him.
A. should tell
B. tells
C. told
D. had told
9. If we ____ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A. take
B. had taken
C. took
D. have taken
10. This printer is of good quality. If it ____ break down within the first year, we would repair
it at our expense.
A. would
B. should
C. could
D. might
11. Had I know about this computer program, a huge amount of time and money ____.
A. would have been saved
B. had been saved
C. will be saved
D. was saved
二、错综时间条件句
*注意：考试时会出现一种情况，从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间不一致，被称为“错综时间条件句”，我们要分别根据从句和主句的动作发生的时间对其进行虚拟。
例如：
①If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.
如果你刚才听了我的建议，你现在就好多了。
②If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.
如果你以前好好学习的话，你现在就是大学生了。
③If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing.
如果他今天方便的话，我们就可以把他送到北京去了。
Exercises 2
1.May be if I ____science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied
B. would study
C. had studied
D. was studying
2. Look! If we had begun to do the work yesterday morning, we ____ ourselves just like them.
A. would have enjoyed
B. were to enjoy
C. should enjoy
D. would be enjoying
3. If you had taken the medicine yesterday, you ________ so bad now.
A. wouldn’t have felt
B. don’t feel
C. wouldn’t be feeling
D. aren’t feeling
4. If the United States had built more homes for the poor in 1995, the housing problems now in some parts of this country __________ so serious.
A. wouldn’t be
B. won’t be
C. will not have been
D. would not have been
三、含蓄条件句。
有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件从句，而是通过介词短语，副词，连词替代来代替条件从句。
例如：
1. 如果没有你的帮助，我们不可能提前完成任务。
If it had not been for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.
?Had it not been for your help, …
?Without/ But for your help……
2.我那天生病了，否则，我就参加运动会了。
If I had not been ill that day, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
?I would have taken part in the sports meeting, but I was ill that day.
?I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
四、特殊句式
1. 馒头-面条原理用于表示建议，决定，命令等词语后的that-从句
①用在suggest(建议)，insist(坚决要求)，order(命令，下令)，advise(劝告，忠告)，propose(提议，建议)，recommend(劝告，建议)和require(法规要求，规定)等动词之后的that-宾语从句中，从句谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。
1.He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.
2.They insisted that the boy (should) go with them.
3.He advised that she (should) wait for a few weeks.
4.We proposed that someone neutral (should) take the chair.
5.Teachers recommend parents (should) not allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to
school for safety.
注意：当suggest 表示“暗示”，“表明”之意，insist表示“坚持认为”，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
1.The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.
2.The man insisted that he had never stole the money.
②用在idea, suggestion, advice, request, proposal, demand, order, plan等名词之后的that-表语从句和同位语从句。从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形。
1.My idea is that we (should) think it over before accepting it.
2.We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Dalian for sightseeing.
3.Your advice that she (should) wait till next week is reasonable.
4.He ignored the neighbor’s requests that he (should) make less noise.
5.My demand is that the information referred in my report (should) be emailed to Mr. Brown
without delay.
③It is suggested/ strange/ important/necessary/ essential/ recommended/ natural/ a pity that +从句。从句的谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。如果从句动作先发生，则用should have+过去分词。
1.It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.
2.It is strange that he should have acted towards his parents like that.
3.It was necessary that he (should) leave immediately.
4.It is absolutely essential that all the facts (should) be examined first.
5.It is recommended that the work (should) not be started until all the preparations have been
made.
注意：当suggest表示“暗示，表明”之意，insist 表示“坚持说，力言”之意，后面不用虚拟语气。例如：
①The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.
他脸上的微笑表明他对我们的工作很满意。
②The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.
那个人坚持他没有偷钱。
VIP Tips :虚拟语气在从句中的运用，主要在在上面这些表示建议命令要求等的词汇后面，用should+动词原形。要熟记上面的词汇，同时要掌握这些词汇的名词形式及有的形容词的形式，在考试时题目有时会故意省略should，自己要根据这些提示词来判断后面的虚拟语气。
Exercises 3
1. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ____________ the rules. (obey)
2. I don’t think it advisable that Tom _____________ to the job since he was experienced. (assign)
3. My suggestion is that the experiment _____________ in another way. (do)
4. It is of utmost importance that you _____________here on time. (be)
5. It was proposed that the matter __________________ at the next meeting. (discuss)
6. The doctor has given the order that the patient ____________a bath every day. (have)
7. It is vital that you ________________ our competitor to know our plan. (permit)
8. Emphasis is laid on the necessity that all the objectives _______________into account before starting a new project. (take)
9. He did his homework carefully for fear that he _____________.
A. made a mistake
B. makes a mistake
C. make a mistake
D. would make a mistake
10. It is decided that he ____________ for a bus to meet the guests from Beijing.
A. call
B. calls
C. arrange
D. arranged
2. wish 引导的宾语从句表示一种不太可能实现的愿望，用虚拟语气。谓语动词的构成如下：
注意：此语法规则同样适用于if only+句子= how I wish +that从句
3. would rather +宾语从句
如用虚拟语气，其构成为would rather+动词过去式/过去完成时（从句动作先发生），意为“我宁愿…”
1.She will get home at dinner time, but I would rater she got home a little earlier.
2.He didn’t attend the meeting. I would rather he had been present.
Exercises 4
1.They offered this expensive wine, but frankly I’d rather they__________(offer) me some beer.
2.I wish I _____________ able to talk it over with him when he was here last night. (be)
3.Look at the terrible situation I am in! How I wish I _______________ your advice. (take)
4.Sometimes I wish I ___________________ in a different time and a different place. (live)
5.Wouldn’t you rather your child ____________ bed early? (go)
6.His wife would rather that they ______________ about the matter any more. (not talk)
7.If only the explosion_________________, those people would not have been killed. (happen)
8.How I wish it _______________(rain). If it ________________ in a few days, the crops
would be saved. (rain)
9.George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I would rather he
___________ more on its culture.(focus)
3. It is (high) time (that)…
意为（现在）该…，表示提议。从句前无that, 谓语动词用过去式。如果有that,用动词过去式或用should+动词原形。
1.It is (high) time you went to school.
2.It is (high) time that you went to school.
3.It is (high) time that we should start out.
4.as if 引导的从句
as if 引导的从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词表达的动作同时发生，从句谓语动词用过去式；先于主句谓语动词，用过去完成式；后于主句谓语动词，用过去将来时。
1.He looks as if he were an artist.
2.He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in America.
3.He learns English so hard as if he would go to the USA.
Exercises 5
1.She was sitting quietly in the garden as if nothing _____________ to him. (happen)
2.He fought as hard as if his wife _________ in danger. (are)
3.It’s high time you _____________ him for his being late. (criticize)
4.Looking around the small village, he felt as though he _________ from an evil dream. (wake)
5.Dr. Bethune worked hard as if he ___________________tired. (never fell)
6.It is high time that such a practice _____________ an end to. (put)
7.Isn’t it high time we _____________ responsibly, with our nation’s future in mind? (live)
8.The tree looked as if it ________________ for a long time. ( not water)
9.The whole family greet me as if I __________ a member of the family. (be)
5．在高考中，情态动词运用在虚拟语气中表示责备和批评语气。
“should (ought to / could/ may/ might)+have done ”表示“过去应该做而未做到”的虚拟语气。
该结构的否定形式则表示“过去不该做的事情却做了”的意思，是一种委婉的责备。
语气最强的是should,语气最弱的是might。
1 .could have done 本能够做而未做
○背
2.should / ought to have done本应该做而未做
3.needn’t have done 本不必做而做了
4.might have done 本可能做而未做
5.would rather have done 宁愿做过某事
6．would ( should) like / love to have done 本想做而未做
具体讲解：
1.表示委婉批评
could/ may/ might +have done 结构，常译为“本可以做得更……一些”
①You are late again. You could have come earlier.
你又来晚了，你本应该早一点来的。
②You’ve made a few mistakes. You might have been a little bit more careful.
你犯了几个错误，你本应该更细心些。
2.表示强烈责备
Should/ ought to have done 结构，常译为“本应该做的更…一些…, 结果…”
①You should have told me earlier that you weren’t able to come.
你本应该早点告诉我你不能来的。（暗示我在这里已经等了很长时间了。）
②You shouldn’t have failed this time.
你这次本不该失败的。（暗示对你这次失败的不满）
3.表示本来没有必要
needn’t + have+ 过去分词结构，常译为“做了不必要做的事情”
①You needn’t have told him. He has already known about it.
你当时没有必要告诉他，他已经知道了。
②It’s so near. We needn’t have taken a taxi.
这么近，当时我们没有必要做出租车的。
VIP Tips :情态动词＋have done表示对过去动作或状态的推测时
1．Can / Could +主语＋have done? (疑问句) 可能做过某事吗？
2．Can’t / Couldn’t have done (否定句) 不可能做过某事
3．may/ might + have done (肯定句) 可能做过某事
4. must have done (肯定句) 一定做过某事
高考速递
1.（2012 浙江，19）Had they known what was coming next, they____ second thoughts.
A. may have
B. could have
C. must have had
D. might have had
2. (2012 江苏，35) ——Happy birthday!
——Thank you ! It’s the best present I _____for.
A. should have wished
B. must have wished
C. may have wished
D. could have wished
3. (2012 山东，30) If we ______adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.
A. haven’t made
B. wouldn’t make
C. must have had
D. hadn’t made
4. (2012 安徽，31) Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she _____there, she wouldn’t be able to see his parents very often.
A. lives
B. would live
C. has lived
D. were to live
5.（2012，北京，35）Don’t handle the vase as if it ______made of steel.
A. is
B. were
C. has been
D. had been
Keys: DDDDC
虚拟语气练习题
1.The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _____ the rules.
A. obeys
B. obey
C. will obey
D. would obey
2. I wish I ______ you yesterday.
A. seen
B. did see
C. had seen
D. were to see
3. -----If he ______, he ______ that food.
-----Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take
B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken
D. would have been warned; had not taken
4. Without electricity human life ______ quite different today.
A. is
B. will be
C. would have been
D. would be
5. When a pen is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____.
A. breaks
B. has broken
C. were broken
D. had been broken
6. You did not let me drive. If we _____ in return, you _____ so tired.
A. drove; didn’t
B. drove; wouldn’t
C. driving; wouldn’t get
D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
7. I didn’t see your uncle at the party. If he ______, he would have said hello to me.
A. would come
B. had come
C. came
D. did come
8. ______it _____ for your help, I couldn’t have made any progress.
A. Had; not been
B. Should; not be
C. Did; not be
D. Not; be
9. Mr Smih was badly ill, or he _____our dinner party.
A. should come to
B. would have attended
C. would come to
D. should have attended
10. If only he _____ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies
B. lay
C. had laid
D. should lie
11. What would have happened ______?
A. Bob had walked father
B. if Bob should walk father
C. had Bob walked father
D. if Bob walked father
12. Bell remembers everything exactly as if it ______yesterday.
A. was happening
B. happens
C. has happened
D. happened
13. It is a pity we can’t find him. If he ______ here, he _____ us how to do it.
A. were; told
B. were; would tell
C. had been; had told
D. had been; told
14. If we ______200 years old, we _____everything.
A. were to be; could change
B. had been; changed
C. were; would have changed
D. should be; changed
15. If your father _____ this, he would be angry.
A. knows
B. knew
C. had known
D. would know
16. ______ your address, I would have written to you.
A. Did I know
B. Were I to know
C. Had I known
D. If I should know
17. The patient insisted that he _____ ill and ______to the hospital.
A. wasn’t; wasn’t sent
B. wasn’t; shouldn’t be sent
C. shouldn’t be; wasn’t sent
D. shouldn’t be; shouldn’t be sent
18. I wish you _____him my telephone number, but you did.
A. didn’t give
B. hadn’t given
C. wouldn’t give
D. shouldn’t give
19. ------Shall I open the window?
-----I would rather you _____.
A. can’t
B. won’t
C. didn’t
D. hadn’t
20. It is already 12:00. It is high time you _____to bed.
A. went
B. had gone
C. would go
D. go
21. I am really busy, or I _____ with you.
A. will go
B. went
C. would go
D. go
22. It is important that a college student _____ a foreign language.
A. will master
B. master
C. masters
D. would master
23. It’s strange that she ____ without saying a word.
A. should have gone out
B. went
C. should go out
D. goes out
24. -----He is a brave man.
-----I wish I _____ his courage.
A. have
B. had
C. will have
D. may have
25. If it _____ rain, the crops would be saved.
A. should
B. will
C. is going to
D. was to
26. He ordered that the medicine ______ by a special plane.
A. was sent
B. would be sent
C. should send
D. be sent
27. If you _____ the medicine, you _____ better now.
A. took; would feel
B. had taken; felt
C. had taken; would feel
D. took; would have felt
28. She is my sister, but she often acts as if ____ my mother.
A. is
B. was
C. were
D. had been
29. I went to bed early last night, but I wish I _____ so.
A. didn’t do
B. hadn’t done
C. haven’t done
D. couldn’t do
30. I’d rather he _____ tomorrow afternoon.
A. will come
B. comes
C. coming
D. came
答案:
1~5 BCBDC 6~10 DBABB 11~15 CDBAB 16~20 CBBCA 21~25 CBABA 26~30 DCCBD
高中英语虚拟语气知识点及练习
高中英语虚拟语气知识 点及练习 内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）
虚拟语气：虚拟证据表示说的话不是事实，或者不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或者与事实相反的假设等，一般常用于正式的书面语中。 一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法： 1、a. If I were you, I would apply for the job. b. If I lived near my office, I would walk to the office. 与现在事实相反，If条件从句谓语：过去式（be用were） 主句谓语：should / would / could / might+动词原形 2、a. If you had been more careful, You could have passed the exam. b. If you had turned off the gas, the house wouldn’t have caught fire. 与过去事实相反，If条件从句谓语：had+动词过去分词 主句谓语：should / would / could / might + have done 3、a. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. b. if it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. c. If it rained tomorrow, we would not go camping. 与将来事实相反：If条件从句谓语：过去式 / should + v原形 / were + to do 主句谓语：should / would / could / might + do 二、混合虚拟条件句：不同时间的虚拟，各遵守各的规则，如： a. If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would be quite all right now. 从句叙述与过去事实相反（had + done），主句叙述与现在事实相反（would + v）
2021年初中英语语法知识—动词的难题汇编及答案(1)
一、选择题 1．—________ you Mary? —Yes, I ________. A．Are; is B．Is; am C．Are; am D．Am; is 2．In the past he often made his sister____, but now he is often made ___by his sister. A．to cry; to cry B．cry; cry C．to cry; cry D．cry; to cry 3．—Do you like watching cooking programs on TV? —No, I don’t , but my twin brother . He's very fond of cooking. A．does B．do C．is D．are 4．These chicken wings taste ________. I want more. A．well B．wonderfully C．nice D．bad 5．Parents always hope their children a happy and healthy life. A．to live B．can live C．living D．should live 6．What kind of music ________ he ________? A．does; listen B．does; listen to C．is; listen D．is; listen to 7．I think the music is great , and it is worth________ A．to listen B．to listen to C．listening D．listening to 8．A number of visitors ________visiting our school. The number of them________ about 180. A．is;are B．are; is C．is; is D．are; are 9．—William, your hat _______ nice. —Thanks. A．buys B．looks C．finds 10．Which of the following sentences is right? A．My books on the desk B．Nice meet you, too C．These are my dictionaries D．Thanks you for your help. 11．Lily and Lucy _______ their mother. They have big eyes and yellow hair. A．like both B．both are like C．both like D．are both like 12．Many students are so crazy about mobile games that they lose interest in their schoolwork, which _________ their parents and teachers a lot. A．worries about B．is worried about C．worries D．is worried 13．—Hey, Jack. Do you want to go to the library? —That ________ great. I love reading. A．hears B．looks C．sounds D．listens 14．— Tom in the library? —Yes,and his friends Eric and Dale in the library,too. A．Is;are B．Is;is C．Are;is 15．I have bought a Chinese – English dictionary. When and where_____ you _____ it?
牛津高中英语模块六M6U4虚拟语气练习
M6U4虚拟语气讲解 2011.12.16 一、虚拟条件句 1．非真实条件句的形式，根据时间的不同可分为如下三种： ⑴表示与将来的事实或愿望相反 ①If it snowed / should snow / were to snow tomorrow, we would change our plan． 要是明天下雪的话，我们就改变计划。 ②If we changed / should change / were to change our plan, they would be disappointed． 如果我们改变计划，他们会失望的。 ⑵表示与现在的事实或愿望相反(be动词常用were) ①If I knew the answer, I would tell you．如果我知道答案，我会告诉你。 ②If 1 were rich，I would donate money to the Hope Project． 要是我富有的话，我会捐款给希望工程。 ⑶表示与过去的事实或愿望相反 If you had arrived ten minutes earlier, you could have danced with the American Indians． 如果你早十分钟来的话，你就可以和印第安人跳舞了。 2．可以省去条件句中的if，使用倒装句，即把从句中的should，were和had置于句首。 ①Should it snow tomorrow, we would put off our celebration． 如果明天下雪，我们就推迟庆祝会。 ②Were I rich, I would buy an expensive cal．要是我有钱，我就买一辆昂贵的汽车。 ③Had you attended the lecture, you could have known the special custom． 如果你听了讲座，你就会知道这种特殊的习俗了。 3．虚拟条件句中的谓语可用进行时，表示“如果……正在……”等含义，主句中的谓语仍用would（或might，should，could），并根据情况选用时态。如： ① If we weren’t living in the 21st century, people would treat the event in an old way. 要不是生活21世纪，人们会用旧有的方式对待这个事件。 ②If Mary were living a hard life, her parents should be responsible for it. 要是玛丽生活艰难的话，她的父母应该对此负责。 4．错综虚拟语气(也叫混合时间虚拟语气) 如果虚拟句的主、从句中动词表达不同的虚拟动作时间，则该句被称为“混合条件虚拟句”。句中动词采用何种形式（现在或过去虚拟式）要依据主、从句中的时间状语（或上下文）来确定。如： ①If you worked hard now, you would get a good job in the future． 如果你现在努力，将来会有好工作。 ②If he had not been caught in the rain yesterday, he wouldn’t be ill now． 要是他昨天不淋雨的话，现在就不会生病了。 ③If David had received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now． 如果大卫在上次的选举中多赢得六张选票，那么他就会是我们的现任主席。 【注意】在混合条件虚拟句中，要注意事实和虚拟假设的混合。要根据所述事实发生的时间确定它的时态形式。 ①I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible，but I Was fully occupied the whole of last week．如有可能，我本来会到医院去看望他的，但整个上周我实在是太忙了。（说明过去情况，用一般过去时） ② If Tom didn’t work overtime today, he would come to our reception. However, he is preparing the coming exam now. 如果Tom今天不加班，他回来我们的宴会的。然而，他现在正准备即将到来的考试。（说明现在情况，用现在进行时） ③Should it not rain tomorrow, I might travel around our town. What a pity! I will have to help my father on the farm. 万一明天不下雨，我可能会周游我们镇。真遗憾，我不得不在农场上帮助我父亲。（说明将来情况，用一般将来时） 5．“could have + 过去分词”也可用于虚拟条件句中，这时的could是情态动词，表示“能够”，相当于：had been able to……。比如： ① If I could have earned enough money, I should have traveled over the world. 要是我挣的钱足够多的话，我就会周游世界了。 ② If you could have prevented mistakes, you might have been more successful. 如果你能避免错误的话，你会更加成功的。 6．Were it not for sth: （与现在或将来情况相反）要不是因为…… Had it not been for sth: (与过去情况相反) 要不是因为…… ① Were it not for the heavy traffic today, I would set off to my school. 要不是因为今天繁忙的交通，我就动身去学校了。 ② Had it not for the delay, they could have completed their long march yesterday. 要不是因为耽误，他们昨天就能结束他们的长征。 7．隐含条件虚拟句 虚拟句中没有明显的虚拟条件，而是利用其他手段来暗示所存在的虚拟条件(可转化为if 条件虚拟句)，此类虚拟句被称为“隐含条件虚拟句”。 ⑴由without，but for，with（要不是因为）等词引导的介词短语表示隐含条件。 ①I couldn’t have lived through Christmas without giving you a present．(=I couldn’t have lived through Christmas if I hadn’t given you a present.) 若不送给你礼物，我无法过这圣诞节。 ②But for your timely help，we couldn’t have finished the work on time. (=We couldn’t have finished the work on time if you hadn’t given us your timely help.) 要不是你们及时给予帮助，我们不可能按时完成工作。
高中英语虚拟语气用法复习总结
虚拟语气的用法总结 语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 语气的种类： （1）陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的，确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句，疑问句和某些感叹句。如We are ready. What a fine day it is! （2）祈使语气表示说话人的建议，请求，邀请，命令等。如Open the door, Please. 应注意以下几点： 1.主语通常是第二人称you，但多不出现，动词用原形，否定用do not 或者don’t 加动词原形（或be）如Be careful next time. Don’t smoke here. 2.有时为了强调，主语也可以出现，而且可以是第三人称，谓语动词不加-s或 者-es 如You be quiet. He stand up. 3.祈使语气可以用do加强语气如Do come to see this Sunday. 4.在Let’s 的祈使句后，疑问部分通常用shall we；在Let us后，疑问部分用 will you 如Let’s go out for a walk after supper，shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you? 5.祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句，而and之后则是表示结果。如 Think hard and you will have a good idea. （3）虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一．虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气，列表如下：
初中英语语法专项练习——虚拟语气(2)
初中英语语法专项练习——虚拟语气（2） 1. Well, it is high time you ________the train. A. had caught B. caught C. will catch D. catch 2. He talks as though eh ________all the work himself, but in fact Jim and John did most of it. A. did B. has done C. does D. had done 3. He spoke as though he ________in space at that moment. A. walked B. would walk C. were walking D. would have walked 4. He looked ________he had just woken. A. that B. if though C. as if D. like 5. If only we ________a recorder of our own. A. had B. have C. will have D. would have 6. Mother told me to put on my coat ________I should catch cold. A. if B. unless C. in order that D. for fear that 7. She insisted that we ________there for another two days. A. stay B. would stay C. stayed D. must stay 8. I requested that he ________ us some advice on how to do it. A. must give B. give C. were to give D. gave 9. It was requested that the play ________again.
牛津高中英语虚拟语气的全部考点和记忆技巧
虚拟语气的基本容 【开头引入】 If 如果(如果有两种可能,有可能发生的，不可能发生的。) ①有可能发生If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the park. ②不可能发生虚拟语气，例如，如果我是明，。。。 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望，假设，猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。所以，凡表示与事实不符的假设，想象，愿望时，需用虚拟语气表达。 一、If 引导的虚拟 （一）If 引导的虚拟语气,可用下表表示。 例如： ①与现在事实相反：If I had wings, I would fly over the sea. ②If she were rich, she would buy a bigger house. If there were no gravity, we would not be able to walk on the earth. ②与过去事实相反： If You had gone to the party, You would have seen YaoMing. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam. ③与将来事实相反： If he were to tomorrow, We would have the meeting. If he should come tomorrow, We could go to the park together. If there were a heavy snow next Monday, we would not go skating. （二）if虚拟语气条件句的省略倒装。 如果虚拟条件从句中有were, had, should,可把if 省略，把were, had, should 提到主语前面，成为倒装结构。 ①If I were you, I would accept the challenges. ----Were I you, I would accept the challenges ②If you had informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract. ----Had you informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract. ③If she should be my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad. ----Should she be my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad.
初中英语语法三大从句总结
初中英语语法三大从句总结 在初中英语中，主要有三大从句，即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句（包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。 宾语从句 一、定义:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 二、连接词 that: I think that you can pass the exam. Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means. “Wh”: I don’t know what the word means. I don’t know where he found the book. 只用whether的情况： 1. 与or not连用： I don’t know whether it’s raining or not. 2. 与动词不定式连用： He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation. 3. 连接词前有介词时： It depends on whether he is coming. 三、时态 1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam. 2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。 1）She said that she was a student. 2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3）She said that she had finished her homework already. 3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 定语从句 一、定义:在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。 二、先行词 先行词指人who /that 先行词指物which/ that 定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后
高二英语虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气的常见句型------
高二英语虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气的常见 句型 虚拟语气的用法归纳虚拟语气的三种时态 高二英语虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气的常见句型。高中家教班老师整理出知识点，虚拟语气：什么是虚拟语气？是的，我们要学习虚拟语气就必须先弄明白它的概念。 虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。 另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如和suggest、
order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。 大家知道以上两类虚拟语气后，我们就从从句的角度来系统学习虚拟语气。紧跟高中家教班老师的步伐哦！ 一. 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were)
主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do If I were you，I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I knew his telephone number，I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）
If there were no air or water，there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done
高中英语虚拟语气知识点
高中英语虚拟语气知识点 1）虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。 2）条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 16.1 真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况有可能发生。各种结构参见下表： 句型条件从句主句 一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形 祈使句 情态动词一般现在时 例如：If he comes, he will bring his violin. 如果他来，会带小提琴来的。 典型例题 The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 注意： 1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. （错）If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. （对）If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词不用shall （will）+动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 16.2 非真实条件句 1）虚拟语气可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况，时态的基本特点是时态往后推移。 a. 与现在事实相反的假设 条件从句主句 一般过去时（be用were）should（would）等+动词原形 例如：If they were here, they would help you. 如果他们在这儿，会帮助你的。 含义：They are not here, they can’t help you. b. 与过去事实相反的假设 条件从句主句 过去完成时should（would）等+ have+ 过去分词 例如：If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.如果他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。 含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it. c. 表示对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想
(完整)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解
高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气 1. 语气的定义和种类 （1）语气的定义 语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 （2）语气的种类 A. 陈述语气 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 We are not ready. Did it rain all day yesterday? What a fine day today！ B. 祈使语气 表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。 Be careful. Don’t forget to clo se the window. Open the door, please. C. 虚拟语气 表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 2. 虚拟语气 一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。如： If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。 虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。 如： If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 （事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 （事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。） 2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+ have ＋过去分词。 如：She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.
(完整word版)初中英语语法专项虚拟语气
初中英语语法专项练习十四——虚拟语气 1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______. A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken 解析：答案为C。本题考查的是as if 引导的让步状语从句中的语气问题，as if引导的状语从句如果与事实一致，不用虚拟语气，如果与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。题中“当铅笔的一部分浸在水中，铅笔看上去好像断了”。而实际上铅笔并未断，与事实相反，前半部分陈述是一般现在时，因而本句是对一般现在时的虚拟，用were broken。 2. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ___________, she would have met my brother. A.has come B.did come C.came D.had come 解析：答案为D。本题考查的是if条件句中的虚拟语气。题意是：我在会议上没看到你姐姐，故你姐姐没来。因此如果“她来了”与事实相反，前面一句交代了虚拟语气的时态是一般过去时的虚拟，所以if从句中用had+过去分词。 3. —If he ___________, he ________that food. —Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A.was warned; would not take B.had been warned; would not have taken C.would be warned; had not taken D.would have been warned; had not taken 解析：答案为B。本题考查的是条件状语从句与主句表示与事实相反时虚拟语气的用法。根据下一句语境可知，他事先并没有得到警告，表示过去时间的虚拟语气，故选B。 4. If there were no subjunctive, English ______ much easier. A.will be B.would have been C.could have been D.would be 解析：观察题干，可知全句表达的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故答案为D。 5. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ______ the rules. A.obeys B.obey C.will obey D.would obey 解析：根据insist后的宾语从句谓语要用(should) do形式规律，可定正确答案是B。 6. I wish I _____ you yesterday. A.seen B.did see C.had seen D.were to see 解析：此题表与过去事实相反的原望，答案应为C。 7. ——If he _____ , he _____ that food. ——Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A.was warned;would not take B.had been warned;would not have taken C.wuld be warned;had not taken D.would have been warned;had not taken 解析：从对话看，是表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为B。 8. Without electricity human life _____ quite different today. A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would be 解析：without引出一个含蓄条件句，主句表述的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为D。 9. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it look as if it _____. A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken
高中英语虚拟语气详解及练习含复习资料
虚拟语气 第一节语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气（Indicative Mood），祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。 第二节虚拟语气的概念 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 第三节虚拟语气在条件句中 １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． ２．在条件句中，可省略if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式． If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him.
第四节虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用 一、虚拟语气在主语从句中 A.在句型“It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ”中，表示某事重要、奇怪、自然、必要等；that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should + 动词原形（should可以省略）例如：It’s important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 这类的形容词还有advisable（可取的），appropriate（适当的），compulsary（必须的），crucial（关键的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），important(重要的)，possible （可能的），preferable（更好的），probable（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（急迫的），vital （极为重要的）等。 B. 在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required/recommended/requested/required/. that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型，表示愿望，建议，请求等主观意愿等。 It is demanded that we should work out a plan. C. 在It is a pity/a shame/ no wonderproposal/recommendation/suggestion/surprise/advice that…..句型中从句也常用(should )+动词原型,表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。 It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 二、用于宾语从句 用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, suggest, order, command, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc. 注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。 The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. 他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意． He insisted that all of us be there on time by any means. 他坚持要求我们大家想尽办法按时去那里。 The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 那个人坚持说他没有偷钱． 三、用于表语从句和同位语从句 在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /desire/ recommendation/resolution 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形”should可以省略． My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible. 我的建议是你要尽可能经常地练习说英语。 The suggestion that the mayor should present the prizes was accepted by everyone. 每个人都接受由市长颁发奖金这一建议。 第五节虚拟语气在其他从句中 1. It is (high / about ) time that…从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形，should不能省略． It’s high time we went to the laboratory. 该是我们去实验室的时候了。 2. If only 引导的感叹句（要是．．．该有多好啊；但愿)； 2.1 表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望。用过去时或would/could+动词原形表示； If only you listened to us!要是你听我们的话该多好啊！ 2.2 与过去事实相反的愿望，用过去完成时。例如： If only I had listened to the doctor’s advice! 我要是听了医生的话就好了。
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中
①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。如：If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元，你会做什么？ We couldn?t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we
高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题
高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题 一、选择题 1．The board thought it urgent that these files _____ right away. A．printed B．had been printed C．would been printed D．be printed 2．What do you think of the proposal that improvement ____ in the type of vacuum cleaner? A．be made B．will be made C．would be made D．has to be made 3．—Oh, dear. I’m really very busy now. —Would you rather that I to you about my experience at school? A．shouldn’t speak B．didn’t speak C．don’t speak D．won’t speak 4．louder, all the students would hear. A．If the teacher had spoken B．If the teacher will speak C．Had the teacher spoken D．If the teacher spoke 5．—What a pity! You missed my birthday party. —Terribly sorry!___________my uncle not visited me unexpectedly. A．Should B．Would C．Had D．Did 6．I strongly suggest that the information ____ in my report ____ to Mr Brown without delay. A．to be referred to; to be e-mailed B．referring to; e-mail C．referred to; be e-mailed D．being referred to; being e-mailed 7．—Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be complere ly ruined. —I wish they always late. A．weren’t B．hadn’t been C．wouldn’t be D．wouldn’t have been 8．It is time that we ________ a decision on how to approach this problem. A．make B．made C．to make D．will make 9．I ______ to you at that time, but I didn’t know where you lived. A．had written B．wrote C．would write D．would have written 10．It is recommended that the project ______ until all the preparations have been made. A．is not started B．will not be started C．not be started D．is not to be started 11．We require the thief _________ into prison. A．refers to being put B．referred to be put C．refer to being put D．referred should be put 12．_____, the student insisted that he _____ separated from his desk mate, who is very naughty. A．To avoid being affected; be B．To avoid to be affected; would be C．Avoid being affected; should be D．Avoiding to be affected; be 13．It’s high time that we against spreading false information on the Internet. A．will fight B．fought C．would fight D．fight 14．They demanded that the right to vote ___________ to every adult. A．was given B．was giving C．be giving D．be given 15．--- Are you happy now?