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汽车设计考试试卷A及其答案

汽车设计考试试卷A及其答案

1、简要回答汽车轴距的长短会对汽车的性能产生哪些影响?(10分)(1)轴距对整备质量、汽车总长、汽车最小转弯直径、传动轴长度、纵向通过半径等有影响。

当轴距短时,上述各指标减小。

此外,轴距还对轴荷分配、传动轴夹角有影响。

(2)轴距过短会使车厢(箱)长度不足或后悬过长;汽车上坡、制动或加速时轴荷转移过大,使汽车制动性或操纵稳定性变坏;车身纵向角振动增大,对平顺性不利;万向节传动轴的夹角增大。

(3)原则上对发动机排量大的乘用车、载质量或载客量多的货车或客车,轴距取得长。

对机动要求高的汽车,轴距宜取短些。

为满足市场需要,工厂在标准轴距货车的基础上,生产出短轴距和长轴距的变型车。

对于不同轴距变型车的轴距变化,推荐在0.4~0.6m的范围内来确定为宜。

1汽车设计中必须考虑“三化”是什么?答:产品的系列化、零部件的通用化和零件标准化。

产品的系列化:指汽车制造厂可以供应各种型号的产品(汽车或总成、部件);简化生产;3:1)为可靠传当发动机后备?应选取大些;5)7)发9)双片离合器的4(2123456档:动力从第一轴到齿轮7 ~6,锁环式同步器左移,到第二轴,得直接档;7档:搭档同步器左移,得倒档。

5、传动轴临界转速及提高传动轴临界转速的方法?(10分)答:所谓临界转速,就是当传动轴的工作转速接近于其弯曲固有振动频率时,即出现共振现象,以致振幅急剧增加而引起传动轴折断时的转速。

传动轴的临界转速为式中,n k为传动轴的临界转速(r/min);L c为传动轴长度(mm),即两万向节中心之间的距离;d c和D c分别为传动轴轴管的内、外径(mm)。

在长度一定时,传动轴断面尺寸的选择应保证传动轴有足够高的临界转速。

由上式可知,在D c和L c相同时,实心轴比空心轴的临界转速低。

当传动轴长度超过1.5m时,为了提高n k以及总布置上的考虑,常将传动轴断开成120r r i L =两根或三根。

6、某货车,采用多万向节传动如下图,试计算当量夹角并评价(a ),(b)两种方案哪个更合理,说明理由。

《客户关系管理》试卷A与参考答案

《客户关系管理》试卷A与参考答案

一、单选题1.A2.D3.B4.A5.D6.A7.A8.B9.C 10.B 11.C12.D 13.D 14.C 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.C 19.C 20.A二、多选题1.ABC2.ABC3.ABC4.AB5.ABD6.ABCD7.AD8.ABC9.ABC 10.ABCD 11.AD 12.ABCD 13.ABCD 14.AB 15.ABC 16.ABC 17.ABC 18.ABC19.ABCDE 20.ABC三、辨析题1.这一说法不准确。

在西方企业来看,“顾客”是泛指、统称,抽象的,是“没有名字的一张脸”,而当市场营销观念由“产品导向”、“市场导向”、“社会导向”,发展到“顾客导向”时,随着信息技术的发展,企业开始有意识地收集、记录顾客信息,并加以研究,以便提供更加优质、高效的服务。

此时,“顾客”已变身为“客户”,其影像是生动的、具象的,由一个个鲜活的数据信息组成,完整记录在企业的信息库中。

顾客一般就是普通商品或服务的使用者。

而将“顾客”看作是“客户”,尽管是一字之差,但客户更加强调一种服务,一种往来关系,一种前所未有的重视。

2.客户感知价值是客户在感知到产品或服务的利益之后,减去其在获取产品或服务时所付出的成本,从而得出的对产品或服务效用的主观评价。

客户感知价值的核心是感知利益)与感知付出之间的权衡。

这一概念包含着两层涵义:首先,价值是个性化的,因人而异,不同的客户对同一产品或服务所感知到的价值并不相同;其次,价值代表着一种效用(收益)与成本(代价)间的权衡,客户会根据自己感受到的价值做出购买决定,而绝不是仅仅取决于某单一因素。

因此,客户感知价值具有主观性。

3.大客户不一定就是优质客户。

这是因为企业针对大客户要承担以下风险。

(1)较大的财务风险。

大客户在付款方式上通常要求赊销,这就容易使企业产生大量的、长期的应收账款,大客户也容易成为“欠款大户”,使企业承担呆账、坏账、死账的风险。

《结构力学》试卷A及答案

《结构力学》试卷A及答案

结构力学A卷一、填空题1. 不考虑杆件的________,而几何形状和位置不会发生改变的体系称为________。

2. 功的互等定理、反力互等定理和位移互等定理基于两个条件:(1)材料处于________阶段,应力和应变成比例;(2)结构变形________,内力可以在未变形位置上计算。

3. 图示梁中截面K的弯矩(下侧受拉为正)M K=________。

4. 图示刚架K截面的轴力N K=________。

5. 图示抛物线拱的推力H=________。

6. 图示桁架的零杆数目为________。

二、选择题1. 图示体系的几何组成为( )。

A. 几何不变、无多余约束体系B. 几何不变、有多余约束体系C. 瞬变体系D. 常变体系2. 图示的组合结构中杆AB的轴力为( )。

A.—PB.2PC. PD.—2P3. 图示结构中,P=1在梁上移动,截面K的剪力Q K的影响线为( )。

第3题图 第4题图 4. 用单位荷载法求图示结构中A 、B 两截面的相对水平位移,其虚设单位荷载取( )。

5. 图示结构用位移法计算时,其基本未知量数目为( )。

A. 角位移=2, 线位移=2 B. 角位移=4, 线位移=2 C. 角位移=3,线位移=2 D. 角位移=2,线位移=16. 图示结构用力矩分配法计算时,结点A 的约束力矩(不平衡力矩)为 ( )。

(以顺时针转为正)A. qa 2/12B. -qa 2/8C. qa 2/8D. -qa 2/127.在图示简支梁中M C =( )。

A .m/2(上拉) B.m/2(下拉) C.m (下拉) D.不确定第7题图第8题图 8.图示结构A 端作用力偶m ,则B 端转角 B 的值为( )。

A .mlEI6 B .ml EI 3 C .mlEI2 D .mlEI三、计算分析题1. 分析图示体系的几何组成,说明理由并作出结论。

2. 作图示刚架的弯矩、剪力图。

3. 求图示桁架中指定杆1、2的轴力。

《高等数学》A试卷A答案

《高等数学》A试卷A答案

《⾼等数学》A试卷A答案⼀、填空题(每⼩题4分,共20分): 1.设ln(y x =,则1d 2x y dx ==. 2.曲线sin ,1cos x t t y t =-??=-? 在 2t π= 处的切线斜率为1.3.若1lim ()x f x →存在,且111()2lim ()x x f x xf x -→=+,则1()2x f x x e -=-.4.若01()f x '=,则000(2)()lim arctan u f x u f x u u→+--=3.5.若2lim 8xx x a x a →∞+??= ?-??,则a =ln 2.⼆、选择题(每⼩题4分,共20分):1.设()232x x f x =+-,则当0x →时( D ). (A )()f x 与x 是等价⽆穷⼩量(B )()f x 是⽐x 较低阶的⽆穷⼩量(C )()f x 是⽐x 较⾼阶的⽆穷⼩量(D )()f x 与x 是同阶但⾮等价⽆穷⼩量2.若函数()f x 在0x 点存在左、右导数,则()f x 在点0x ( A ).(A )连续(B )可导(C )不可导(D )不连续3.当1x →时,12111x x e x ---的极限( C ). (A )等于2 (B )等于0 (C )不存在但不为∞ (D )为∞4.设函数21()1lim nn xf x x →∞+=+,讨论()f x 的间断点,其结论为( A ).(A )存在间断点1x = (B )存在间断点1x =-(C )存在间断点0x = (D )不存在间断点5.设对任意的x ,总有()()()x f x x ?ψ≤≤,且[]lim ()()0x x x ψ?→∞-=,则lim ()x f x →∞( C ).(A )存在且等于0 (B )存在但不⼀定等于0(C )不⼀定存在(D )⼀定不存在三、计算题(本题共4题,共计24分): 1.(5分)设tan y x y =+,求d y ;解:(tan )()d y d x y =+ 22s c 1e 1sec d ydy dx y d d xyy ==-+2.(6分)求极限:)lim x xx →-∞;解:)lim x xx →-∞limlim 05x x ==-=3.(6分)求极限:lim x +→;解:01lim lim 1()2x x x x ++→→=?22lim lim 212x x x x ++→→===4.(7分)设2(cos )y f x =,且f ⼆阶可导,求22d d yx.解:22(cos )2cos (sin )sin 2(cos )dyf x x x xf x dx''=?-=- (2cos 2)2sin )((cos 2sin )(cos 2cos 2'2''2'2 2xf x x xf x xf dx yd -=---=四、解答题(本题共3⼩题,共计24分): 1.(6分)设1x =1n x +=列{}n x 的极限存在,并求其极限.证明:单调性:当1n =时,1x =,21x x =>,假设当n k =时有1k k x x +>,则当1n k =+时仍然有,21k k x x ++=即,数列}{n x 是单调增加数列。

2024年春期国家开放大学《马克思主义基本原理概论》形考大作业试卷A参考答案.pptx

2024年春期国家开放大学《马克思主义基本原理概论》形考大作业试卷A参考答案.pptx
.客观性:实践是一种客观的物防活动,它在一定的物质条件下进行,并产生一定的物防结果.实践活动离不开物质 条件的支持.任何脱离物质条件的实践都是不可能的.
.能动性:实践是一种具有目的性和计划性的活动.是人类能动地改造世界的过程.人类在实践中不仅遵循自然规 律和社会规律•还通过自身的智然和创造力•积极改造自然和社会.
论述了实践的观点,揭示了科学实践观的基本内容.他指出,旧唯物主义的主要缺点在于只从客体和直观的形式 理解对象、现实和感性,而不是把它的看作感性的人的活动,即实践。这一观点深刻影响了后来的马克思主义者, 特别是毛泽东,他在£论持久战3中强调了人的“自觉的能动性”,即思想和行动的统一性,
实践的基本内通
2024年春期国家开放大学《马克思主义基 本原理概论》形考大作业试卷A参考答案
2024年国索开放大学《马克思主义蓦本夙理低论》形考大作业参考答案 试卷A
一、的述■(本・共1小■,每小・100分,共100分.)
《关于费尔巴哈的提纲?是马克思1845年春在布鲁塞尔写的笔记,它被恩格斯誉为“包含着新世界观的天才萌芽 的第一个文献”.在《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》中,马克思系统论述了实践的观点,揭示了科学实践观的基本内容.他指 出:“从的的一切唯物主义(包括费尔巴哈的唯物主义)的主要法点是:对对思、现实、感性,只是从客体的或者直 观的形式去理解,而不是把它们当做感性的人的活动,当做实践去理解,不是从主体方面去理解.”毛泽东在£论持久战 2中指出:“思想等等是主观的东西,做或行动是主观见之于客观的东西,椰是人类特殊的能动性.这种能动性,我们名之 日‘自觉的能动性‘,地人之所以区别于物的特点.”
实践的观点是马克思主义哲学首要的和基本的观点,为克思之前的唯物主义者,如费尔巴哈,虽然也生调物质 第•

运动控制系统试卷A答案

运动控制系统试卷A答案

《运动控制系统》课程试卷(A 卷)答案第1篇 直流调速系统(60分)一、填空题(每空1分,共23分)1. 运动控制系统由电动机、功率放大与变换装置、控制器及相应的传感器等构成。

2. 转矩控制是运动控制的根本问题,磁链控制与转矩控制同样重要。

3. 生产机械常见的三种负载是恒转矩负载、恒功率负载和平方率负载。

4. 某直流调速系统电动机额定转速1430/min N n r =,额定速降115/min N n r ∆=,当要求静差率30%s ≤时,允许的调速范围为5.3,若当要求静差率20%s ≤时,则调速范围为3.1,如果希望调速范围达到10,所能满足的静差率是44.6%。

5. 数字测速中,T 法测速适用于低速,M 法测速适用于 高速 。

6. 生产机械对调速系统转速控制的要求有 调速 、稳速和加减速 三个方面。

7、直流电机调速的三种方法是:调压调速、串电阻调速和弱磁调速。

8、双闭环直流调速系统的起动过程分为电流上升阶段、恒流升速阶段和 转速调节三个阶段。

9. 单闭环比例控制直流调速系统能够减少稳态速降的实质在于它的自动调节作用,在于它能随着负载的变化而相应的改变电枢电压,以补偿电枢回路电阻压降的变化。

二、选择题(每题1分,共5分)1、双闭环直流调速系统,ASR 、ACR 均采用PI 调节器,其中ACR 所起的作用为( D )。

A 、实现转速无静差B 、对负载变化起抗扰作用C 、输出限幅值决定电动机允许的最大电流D 、对电网电压波动起及时抗扰作用2、典型I 型系统与典型II 型系统相比,( C )。

A 、前者跟随性能和抗扰性能均优于后者B 、前者跟随性能和抗扰性能不如后者C 、前者跟随性能好,抗扰性能差D 、前者跟随性能差,抗扰性能好3、转速单闭环调速系统对下列哪些扰动无克服能力,( D )。

A 、电枢电阻B 、负载转矩C 、电网电压D 、速度反馈电位器4、下述调节器能消除被控制量稳态误差的为( C )。

(完整word版)正常人体结构试卷和答案A(word文档良心出品)

2017-2018学年第一学期高职护理xxx班护理方向《正常人体结构》试卷 A(闭卷)(考试时间:120分钟)一、名词解释(每小题3分,共15分)1、上消化道:2、胸骨角:3、硬膜外隙:4、眼房:5、基底核:二、填空题(每空1分,共15分)1、骨主要由骨膜和骨髓构成。

2、髋骨由髂骨、和耻骨三骨结合而成。

3、前囟又称额囟、生后时闭合。

4、晶状体位于和玻璃体之间。

5、外耳包括耳廓、和鼓膜。

6、咽腔是和呼吸系统的共同通道。

7、主动脉升部发出和右冠状动脉。

8、脾位于。

9、肺动脉起始于。

10、成人脊髓下端约平。

11、是女性的生殖腺。

12、脑包括端脑、间脑、中脑、脑桥、延髓和。

13、膈神经的运动纤维支配。

14、是人体最大的内分泌腺。

15、人体最粗长的神经是。

三、单项选择题(每小题1分,共15分)()1、参与肋弓形成的是A. 第 6~10 肋软骨B. 第 7~10 肋软骨C. 第 8~10 肋软骨D. 第 9~10 肋软骨E. 以上都不对()2、关于腮腺管的描述,哪项是正确的?A.自腮腺前缘发出,位置不恒定 B.在颧弓上约一横指处,向前横行C.在颧弓下约二横指处,向前横行 D.开口于上颌第2磨牙相对的颊黏膜上E.开口于下颌第1磨牙相对的颊黏膜上()3、人体最粗大最结实的骨是A. 肱骨B.髋骨C. 胫骨D. 股骨E. 腓骨()4、人体重要的呼吸肌是A. 胸大肌B. 膈C. 胸小肌D. 斜方肌E.胸锁乳突肌()5、房水产生于A. 睫状体B. 虹膜C. 玻璃体D. 晶状体E. 巩膜()6、属于下呼吸道的是A. 口腔B. 鼻C. 咽D. 喉E. 气管()7、不参与构成翼点的颅骨是A.额骨 B.顶骨 C.枕骨 D.颞骨 E.蝶骨()8、内囊位于A. 豆状核、尾状核和屏状核之间B. 左侧不能闭眼, 左口角下垂C. 豆状核、尾状核和丘脑之间D. 右侧不能闭眼, 右口角下垂E. 以上都不对()9、上肢常用的穿刺浅静脉是:A、手背浅静脉B、贵要静脉C、大隐静脉D、小隐静脉 E.头静脉()10、人体最大的消化腺是:A、舌下腺B、腮腺C、胰D、肝E、颌下腺()11、新生儿脊髓下端平齐:A. 第 1 骶椎上缘B. 第 2 腰椎下缘C. 第 3 骶椎下缘D. 第 3 腰椎E. 第 1 骶椎下缘()12、心的正常起搏点是:A. 窦房结B. 房室结C. 房室束D. 结间束E. 左、右束支()13、支配三角肌的神经是:A. 肌皮神经B. 腋神经C. 肩胛背神经D. 肩胛上神经E. 桡神经()14、通过肩关节囊内的结构是:A.肱二头肌短头腱 B.肱二头肌长头腱 C.肩胛下肌腱D.冈上肌腱 E.冈下肌腱()15、肱骨中段骨折易损伤:A. 正中神经 B .腋神经 C. 尺神经 D. 肌皮神经 E. 桡神经四、是非题(每小题1分,共15分)()1、胃的入口称幽门、出口称贲门。

2023年社会工作者之初级社会综合能力综合检测试卷A卷含答案

2023年社会工作者之初级社会综合能力综合检测试卷A卷含答案单选题(共30题)1、社会工作督导是专业训练的一种方法,下列关于“咨询式督导”说法正确的是()。

A.督导者扮演师傅的角色B.强调学习过程,焦点集中在一般议题上C.督导者承担更多的责任D.被督导者自己承担更多的责任【答案】 D2、社会工作督导的目标不包括()。

A.保障服务对象权益B.保证专业服务品质C.促进督导对象成长D.提高社会工作的服务态度【答案】 D3、在社会服务机构的志愿者绩效评估中,评估资料的收集应该侧重( )。

A.志愿者的投人程度B.志愿者动机的满足C.志愿者的工作成绩D.志愿者在机构的服务时间【答案】 B4、与个案工作和小组工作相比,社区工作的内容具有( )。

A.经济性B.建设性C.现实性D.政治性【答案】 D5、某社会工作者小胡设计了一个题为“快乐游戏”的活动方案,目的是通过游戏促进贫困家庭孩子进行情绪管理和建立自信心。

小胡将活动方案交给了担任某公司经理的表哥,希望他的企业能捐款,帮助购买一些游戏道具。

这种筹资方式属于()。

A.项目申请B.电话劝募C.私人恳请D.特别事件筹款【答案】 C6、社会工作督导有不同类型,如果督导者与被督导者及其工作没有直接关系和责任,是纯粹的咨询角色。

从专业的角度看,被督导者自己承担更多的责任,也就是说被督导者根据实务工作的要求,主动寻求帮助和支持更为重要。

那么,这种督导是()。

A.训练式督导B.师徒式督导C.管理式督导D.咨询式督导【答案】 D7、社会工作研究以( )及其议题为主要研究对象。

A.环境不适应者B.困难群体C.贫困人口D.失业者【答案】 B8、婴儿地方性甲状腺功能减低症的原因是( )A.孕妇患甲状腺炎B.孕妇血液中有抗体C.孕妇服用甲状腺素D.孕妇饮食中缺乏碘E.以上均不正确【答案】 D9、关于地区发展模式特点的说法,正确的是()。

A.强调遵循理性原则B.注重培育社区自主能力C.体现自上而下的改变D.主要关注任务目标的实现【答案】 B10、初中生小影平时学习很紧张,但她还是希望能挤出时间和同学们一起去唱歌、打球。

中药学试卷及答案A

中药学试卷及答案A《中药学》试题A一、名词解释(每题4分,共20分)1、归经2、相使3、中药学4、补虚药5、引火下行二、填空(每题2分,共20分)1、四气是指。

2、苦味的作用是,甘味的作用是。

3、桂枝的功效是。

4、被称为“夏月麻黄”的中药是,治风通用之品为。

5、能够活血行气、祛风止痛的药物为。

6、利水渗湿药分为类。

7、半夏的功效是。

8、石膏具有之功效,主要用于气分实热证等。

9、人参的功效是。

10、在清热解毒药中,为治痢要药,是治疗肺痈的要药。

三、判断(每题1分,共10分)1、桔梗药性上行,牛膝药性下行。

()2、在补气血方中,常配入少量肉桂能温运阳气,鼓舞气血生长。

()3、荆芥、防风性较平和缓,有和解退热之功,无论外感风寒、风热表证均可治疗。

()4、白豆蔻可用于胃热呕吐()5、柴胡善升脾胃之阳气而举陷;葛根善直接升举阳气;升麻善疏木达土。

()6、白芨收敛止血,用于治疗多种出血证。

()7、牛黄平肝熄风,用于肝风内动、惊痛抽搐等证。

()8、青蒿具有发汗解表、解毒、截疟之功效。

()9、独活辛散苦燥,善祛风湿止痛,凡风寒湿邪痹着于肌肉关节者,无问新久,均可应用。

()10、麻黄配杏仁能增强润肺止咳之功效。

()四、单选题(每题2分,共20分)1、肺胃出血当选用:()A.大蓟B.仙鹤草 C.白及 D.槐花 E.白茅根2、既通阳散结又行气导滞的药是:()A葱白B薤白C桂枝D沉香E枳壳3、既能运脾消食、固精止遗,又能化结石的药物是A神曲B麦芽C鸡内金D谷芽E莱菔子4、下列功能中,哪项不是桑寄生的功能?()A祛风湿B活血C补肝肾D强筋骨E安胎5、下列哪项不是郁金的功能?()A活血止痛B行气解郁C凉血清心D利胆退黄E开窍醒神6、衡量药物性能主治的主要标志是:()A归经B四气五味C升降浮沉D有毒无毒E配伍7、善除少阴经风寒,治阳虚外感脉沉的首选药是:()A细辛B独活C防风D吴茱萸E玄参8、功能补气固表止汗,兼燥湿的药是:()A桂枝B白术C苍术D防风E黄芪9、善止血止带、制酸止痛的药是:()A金樱子B覆盆子C莲子D瓦楞子E乌贼骨10、用治肺虚久咳、痰少咽燥之证宜选A浙贝母B川贝母C陈皮D黄芩E牛蒡子五、比较题(从功效和主治上比较下列药物的异同)1、黄芩、黄连与黄柏(9分)2、肉桂与附子(6分)六、简答题1、写出“十八反”(5分)2、根据清热药的主要性能可分几类?各写出五味代表药物(10分)《中药学》试题A答案一、名词解释(每题4分,共20分)1、归经:药物对人体具有选择性作用,也就是一种药物往往对某一经或某几经发生明显的作用,而对其它经没有作用或作用较小。

大学英语(四)A-卷【考试试卷答案】

大学英语(四)课程考试A 卷 适用于;考试日期:; 试卷所需时间:120分钟 闭卷;试卷A 总分:100分。

Part I Listening Comprehension (30 points) Section A Short Conversations ( 10 points) Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, one question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 1. A. 3 blocks ahead. B. On the 3rd Street. C. At the 3rd Avenue. D. On the 5th Street. 2. A. To punish him. B. To pick him up. C. To reward him. D. To ignore him. 3. A. Theater. B. Restaurant. C. Airport. D. Train station. 4. A. She doesn ’t like either of them. B. John copied it from Jim. C. Jim copied it from John. D. One is the copy from the other. 5. A. Peter is going to fly to New York. B. Peter is going to fly to London next week. C. Peter went to London last week. D. Peter will stay in New York. 6. A. He feels Mike did a good thing. B. He doesn ’t think Mike should move. C. H e thinks it’s better to invest later. D. He doesn ’t think Mike should invest money on stocks. 7. A. Go to a movie. B. Go to her classes. C. Shop for some clothes. D. Buy some new glasses. 8. A. Because he doesn ’t have a TV . B. Because he hates to be bothered. C. B ecause he isn’t watching TV . D. Because he doesn ’t like any of the programs. 9. A. $ 100. B. $ 150. C. $ 200. D. $ 250. 10. A. She likes classical music. B. She needs 100 records. C. She prefers to have the same house I have. D. She is a jazz fan. Section B Long Conversation ( 5 points) Directions: In this section, you will hear one long conversation. At the end of the conversation, some questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 11. A. It ’s expensive. B. They are celebrating a birthday. C. It was recommended by a friend. D. They had dinner here before. 12. A. She wants to check the price. B. She wants to see if the menu is in French. C. She is in a hurry to eat. D. She spends a long time choosing her food. 13. A. A year. B. Only a minute. C. A month. D. A long time. 14. A. Snails are not on the menu. B. The restaurant doesn ’t have any left. C. They want shrimp cocktail instead. D. They are afraid of getting sick. 15. A. French cheese and white wine. B. Seafood. C. Duck. D. Salad and French cheese. Section C Passage ( 5 points) Directions: In this section, you will hear one short passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) B) C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre. 16. A. On TV . B. On the radio C. In the newspaper. D. In a magazine 17. A. A scientific research. B. An invention. C. A visit to a scientist. D. A prize for some scientific discovery.18. A. Unpleasant. B. Cooperative. C. Sympathetic. D. Doubtful. 19. A. He refuted him. B. He went to the library. C. He went to the TV station D. He changed his major 20. A. After the age of 50. B. After the age of 30. C. Between the ages of 25 and 30. D. Between the ages of 30 and 50. Section D ( 10 points) Directions: In this section, you will hear a VOA Special English Report three times, and then fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear from the recording. We answered a question last week about how American college students findjobs after they (21)_________________. Now, we discuss foreign graduates. The院系: 班级: 姓名:学号:考场地点装订线(22)________________ for employing foreign workers in the United States is long. It involves different government agencies. It also involves (23)_____________________________________. For example, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act that President Obama signed into law in February dealt with this issue. It included conditions against foreign workers displacing qualified Americans at companies that (24)________________________________. Job (25)______________ have slowed in some industries. But the economic downturn has cost millions of jobs and recovery will take some time. Foreign graduates need a job (26)________________ to get an H-1B visa. This is a (27)_________________ visa for work in the person’s area of specialty. The employer is the one who (28)_______________ for it. The visa is good for 3 years and may be extended for another 3 years. Cheryl Gilman directs visa services at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. She noted that H-1B visas were still (29)_________________ for next year. This tells her that the recession is preventing employers from (30)_________________ as many foreign nationals as they have in the past. Part II Reading Comprehension (30 points) Section A Directions: There are two passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One As people generally use the word “honor ” they do not do so in the context of thinking about moral virtue. As a result they often confuse honor with fame. A virtuous person is an honorable person, a person who ought to be honored by the community in which he or she lives. But the virtuous person does not seek honor, being secure in his or her own self-respect. Lack of honor does not detract from the efficacy of moral virtue as an operative factor in the pursuit of happiness —as a means to leading a good human life. Virtuous persons may be considered fortunate if their virtue is recognized and publicly applauded. Persons lacking moral virtue can achieve fame as readily as, or perhaps more easily than, those who have a high degree of moral virtue. Fame belongs to the great, the outstanding, and the exceptional, without regard to their virtue or lack of it. Infamy is fame, no less than popularity. The great scoundrel can be as famous as the great hero. There can be famous villains as well as famous saints. Existing in the reputation a person has, regardless of his or her accomplishments, fame does not tarnish as honor does when it is unmerited. We normally desire the esteem of our fellow human beings, but is not this wish for the esteem of others a desire for fame rather than for honor? A virtuous person will not seek fame or be unhappy for lack of it. For fame can be enjoyed by bad men and women, as well as good. When it is enjoyed by virtuous persons without being sought by them, it is not distinguishable from honor, for then it is deserved. 31. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. A virtuous person achieves both honor and fame. B. A virtuous person does not seek honor or fame. C. Honor and fame are different concepts. D. Honor and fame are not distinguishable. 32. A virtuous person leads a good human life by means of _________. A. presuming happiness B. achieving moral virtue C. seeking honor D. seeking fame 33. What tends to tarnish with time? A. The reputation a person has. B. A high degree of moral virtue. C. A person ’s accomplishments. D. Honor that is undeserved. 34. Fame differs from honor in that _______. A. bad men and women can enjoy fame B. the great people can enjoy fame C. fame can fade in color D. virtuous persons will not seek fame 35. Which of the following statements is TURE? A. A virtuous person deserves honor. B. A famous person deserves honor. C. A virtuous person is publicly identified. D. A famous person has great accomplishments. Passage Two If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky. If you s ay to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …”, what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache ” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology. Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.院系:班级: 姓名:学号:考场地点装订线Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement. These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies. But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not. 36. If a mother adds “but” to an apology, _______. A. she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized B. she does not realize that the child has been hurt C. the child may find the apology easier to accept D. the child may feel that he owes her an apology 37. According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “_______”. A. You have good reason to get upset B. I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame C. I apologize for hurting your feelings D. I’m at fault for making you upset 38. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because _______. A. it gets one into the habit of making empty promises B. it may make the other person feel guilty C. it is vague and ineffective D. it is hurtful and insulting 39. We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry _______. A. the complexities involved should be ignored B. their ages should be taken into account C. parents need to set them a good example D. parents should be patient and tolerant 40. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is _______. A. a social issue calling for immediate attention B. not necessary among family membersC. a sign of social progressD. not as simple as it seems Section B: Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the blank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Blanks 41 to 50 are based on the following passage. There are two factors which determine an individual ’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ 41 , some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, a (an)42 will have a low intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor in what happens to the individual is the sort of environment in which he is 43 . If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop. And he will never 44 the level of intelligence of which he is capable. The importance of environment in determining an individual ’s intelligence can be 45 by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brain at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in 46 foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor 47 opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be 48 intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to 49 their intelligence. Mark ’s I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the 50 , and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have scored at roughly the same level.院系: 班级: 姓名:学号:考场地点装订线Part III Vocabulary and Structure (10 points) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the One answer that best completes the sentence. 51. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ____. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 52. Would you like a cup of coffee ____shall we get down to business right away? A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise 53. Not until all the fish died in the river ____how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didn't the villagers realize 54. I ____that we would be able to leave tomorrow, but it's beginning to look difficult. A. hoped B. was hoping C. had hoped D. am hoping 55. A study shows that students living in non-smoking dorms are less likely to ____the habit of smoking. A. make up B. turn up C. draw up D. pick up 56. Many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to____honest applicants from the growing number of dishonest ones. A. distinguish B. disguise C. dissolve D. discount 57. According to the key witnesses, a peculiarly big nose is the criminal's most memorable facial____. A. feature B. hint C. spot D. signature 58. It's good to know that quite a few popular English expressions actually ____from the Bible. A. acquire B. obtain C. derive D. result 59. After working all day, he was so tired that he was in no____ to go to the party with us. A. taste B. mood C. sense D. emotion 60. There is already clear ____to show that plants and animals are being affected by climate change. A. witness B. certification C. identity D. evidence 61. Last year the advertising rate ____ by 20 percent. A. raised B. aroused C. arose D. rose 62. The student was just about to ______ the question, when suddenly he found the answer. A. arrive at B. submit to C. give in D. work out 63. Suddenly she grabbed her stomach and ______. A. threw away B. threw in C. threw up D. threw off 64. They have brought her out of the operating room, but she ’s not fully ____ yet. A. cautious B. conscience C. conscious D. confused 65. He _____ the job because it involved too much traveling. A. turns in B. turns out C. turns over D. turns down 66.To some _______, Mary still does not understand this unit. But she herself does not believe so. A. extend B. part C. extent D. content 67. He checked carefully to _______ the possible errors in his design. A. eliminate B. exceed C. enlarge D. vibrate 68. What we need to learn is how to put theory into _______ when we begin our fieldwork here. A. appearance B. application C. accomplish D. achievement 69. Jack is _______ of stealing the books from the library. A. accused B. witnessed C. strained D. found 70. The Foreign Minister made an excellent _______ on the current international situation. A. committee B. command C. comment D. commission Part IV Translation (15 points) Translate the following sentences into English. 71. 我从未受过正式培训,我只是边干边学. 72. 随着年龄越来越大,你应该考虑未来的计划。

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河南理工大学2009-2010学年第二学期期末考试卷
《毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论》(A卷)
参考答案
一.单项选择题(共10个小题,每小题2分,共计20分)
1. D
2. C
3.B
4. D
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. D
9. D 10. D
二.多项选择题(共5个小题,每小题2分,共计10分)
1. BCD
2. ABD
3. ABD
4. ABCD
5. ACD
三.多项选择题(共5个小题,每小题6分,共计30分)
1.马克思主义中国化的科学内涵。

(6分)
[答案要点]:马克思主义中国化,就是将马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合。

具体地说,就是把马克思主义的基本原理更进一步和中国实际、中国历史、中国文化结合起来,使马克思主义在中国实现民族化和具体化。

第一.马克思主义中国化就是运用马克思主义解决中国革命、建设和改革的实际问题。

第二.马克思主义中国化就是把中国革命、建设和改革的实践经验和历史经验提升为理论。

第三.马克思主义中国化就是把马克思主义植根于中国的优秀文化之中。

2.社会主义初级阶段的科学内涵。

(6分)
[答案要点]:社会主义初级阶段包含两层含义:第一、我国社会已经是社会主义社会。

我们必须坚持而不能离开社会主义。

第二、我国的社会主义社会还处在初级阶段。

我们必须从这个实际出发,而不能超越这个阶段。

前一层含义是初级阶段的社会性质,后一层含义是我国社会主义社会的发展程度,设社会主义必然要经历的特定阶段。

3.谈谈你对构建和谐社会重要性的认识。

(6分)
[答案要点]:第一.抓住和利用战略机遇期、实现全面建设小康社会宏伟目标的需要。

第二.这是我们把握复杂多变的国际形势、有力应对来自国际环境的各种挑战和风险的必然要求。

第三.巩固党的执政地位的社会基础、实现党的执政历史任务的必然要求。

4.简论“和平统一、一国两制”构想的重大意义。

(6分)
[答案要点]:
第一.“和平统一、一国两制”构想创造性地把和平共处原则用之于解决一个国家的统一问题。

第二.“和平统一、一国两制”构想创造性地发展了马克思主义的国家学说。

第三.“和平统一、一国两制”构想体现了既坚持祖国统一、维护国家主权原则的坚定性,也体现了照顾历史实际和现实可能策略的灵活性,可以避免武力统一会造成的不良后果。

第四.“和平统一、一国两制”构想有利于争取社会主义现代化建设事业所需要的和平的国际环境与国内环境。

第五.“和平统一、一国两制”构想为解决国际争端和历史遗留问题提供了新的思路。

5.中国共产党的性质和宗旨。

(6分)
[答案要点]:中国共产党的性质:中国共产党是中国工人阶级的先锋队,同时是中国人民和中华民族的先锋队,代表中国先进生产力的发展要求,代表中国先进文化的前进方向,代表中国最广大人民的根本利益。

中国共产党的性质决定党的宗旨是全心全意为人民服务。

四.材料分析题(共1个大题,3个小题,共计10分)
[答案要点]
1.这一判断是正确的。

因为民主革命的任务完成后,地主阶级和官僚资产阶级已经被消灭,资产阶级与无产阶级之间的矛盾,资本主义道路与社会主义道路之间的矛盾成为社会的主要矛盾。

2.中共八大政治报告对“国内的主要矛盾”的分析是正确的,因为此时国家对生产资料私有制的社会主义改造已经基本完成,工人阶级与资产阶级的矛盾已经基本解决。

3.即把私营工商业通过社会主义改造,改变为公私合营企业,对资本家进行思想改造,将对企业的改造与对人的改造结合起来。

依据有三:第一、中国民族资产阶级的两面性,社会主义初期,民族资产阶级具有剥削工人取得利润的一面,也有拥护宪法、愿意接受社会主义改造的一面。

第二、中国共产党与民族资产阶级长期保持统一战线关系。

第三、我国强大的人民民主专政国家政权和国营经济掌握国民经济的社会主义优势。

五、论述题(共2题,每题15分,共30分)
1.毛泽东对社会主义社会基本矛盾理论和重要意义。

(15分)
[答案要点] 毛泽东关于社会主义基本矛盾理论的内容包括四个方面:
第一.指出社会主义社会仍然存在着矛盾,生产力与生产关系、经济基础与上层建筑之间的矛盾,正是这些矛盾推动着社会主义社会向前发展。

第二.系统地阐明了社会主义社会基本矛盾的性质和特点。

社会主义社会基本矛盾具有“又相适应又相矛盾”的特点。

是在人民根本利益一致基础上的矛盾,因而不是对抗性而是非对抗性的矛盾。

第三.提出了通过社会主义制度本身解决社会基本矛盾的思想。

即通过对生产关系和生产力、上层建筑和经济基础不相适应的方面进行调整得到解决。

也就是通过社会主义制度自身解决。

第四.进一步分析了中国的社会矛盾。

指出我国存在着两种不同性质的矛盾,即敌我矛盾和人民内部矛盾,正确处理人民内部矛盾是国家政治生活的主题。

毛泽东关于社会主义基本矛盾理论具有重要的意义:
毛泽东关于社会主义社会基本矛盾及其性质、特点、解决办法等的论述,突破了国际共产主义运动中长期流行的否认社会主义社会存在矛盾的形而上学的观点,第一次比较科学地揭示了社会主义社会发展的动力,为后来的社会主义改革提供了哲学基础。

2. 谈谈你对“党的领导是社会主义现代化建设的根本保证”的认识?(15分)
[答案要点]第一.坚持中国现代化建设的正确方向,需要中国共产党的领导。

只有坚持中国共产党的领导,走中国特色社会主义道路,才能保证现代化建设事业的正确方向,才能制定和执行正确的路线、方针、政策,保证现代化建设事业不断取得进步,最终实现中华民族的伟大复兴。

第二.维护国家统一、社会和谐稳定,需要中国共产党的领导。

中国共产党作为中国各族人民根本利益的忠实代表,以科学理论为指导,凭借其丰富的执政经验和驾驭全局的能力,统筹经济社会等各方面发展,努力构建社会主义和谐社会,能够维护国家统一和社会和谐稳定。

第三.正确处理各种复杂的社会矛盾,把亿万人民团结凝聚起来,共同建设美好未来,需要中国共产党的领导。

在中国,只有共产党才能总揽全局,协调各方,正确处理人民内部矛盾,顺利解决前进中的各种困难和问题,才能凝聚人心、汇聚力量,推进现代化建设事业顺利前进。

第四.应对复杂的国际环境的挑战,需要中国共产党的领导。

在复杂的国际局势下,只有坚强的政治核心把全国各族人民团结起来,才能保证我国真正走独立自主的和平发展道路,而不受制于人。

中国共产党就是这样一个能够把人民组织起来、团结起来走和平发展道路的政治核心。

中国共产党的执政地位是历史和人民的选择。

在新的条件下,党的领导、党的建设是经济建设和改革开放取得成功的根本保证。

我们只有坚定不移地坚持中国共产党的领导,才能取得现代化建设事业的伟大胜利。

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