最新高考英语阅读理解专题 猜测词义题 完整版
高一英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题答案解析版
高一英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题答案解析版1.The author uses the word "jubilant" in the passage. What does it mean?A.angryB.happyC.sadD.tired答案：B。
解析：在文章中可以通过作者描述的场景和氛围来猜测词义。
文中提到人们在庆祝活动中，脸上洋溢着笑容，由此可推断“jubilant”是高兴的意思。
选项A“angry”生气不符合庆祝活动的氛围；选项C“sad”悲伤也与场景不符；选项D“tired”疲惫同样不恰当。
2.In the story, the word "scurry" is mentioned. What's the meaning?A.walk slowlyB.run quicklyC.jump highD.stand still答案：B。
解析：根据上下文，文中描述小动物们在听到声音后迅速行动，可推测“scurry”是快速跑的意思。
选项A“walk slowly”走得慢与迅速行动不符；选项C“jump high”跳得高不相关；选项D“stand still”站着不动也不对。
3.The word "mellow" appears in the text. What does it mean?A.sharpB.softC.loudD.quiet答案：B。
解析：从文章中对音乐或氛围的描述可以推断“mellow”的意思。
文中提到音乐让人放松，氛围很温和，所以“mellow”是柔和的意思。
选项A“sharp”尖锐不符合；选项C“loud”大声不对；选项D“quiet”安静不准确。
4.The author writes about a "vivacious" person. What does "vivacious" mean?A.boringB.livelyC.shyD.calm答案：B。
第三部分 专题四 词义猜测题(2022高考英语)
" stands for?
8.According to the passage, the underlined word "
三、选项特点
1.正确选项的特点 (1)相应词语的同义词语。 (2)对相应语句的解释、复述或概括。
英语 第三部分：阅读理解
" is known as
.
英语 第三部分：阅读理解
典例1 [2015新课标全国Ⅰ,C]Salvador Dali (1904—1989)was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.There is also L'Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen
题型突破
英语 第三部分：阅读理解
一、题型概述 词义猜测是英语阅读的重要技巧,词义猜测题也是高考中常考的题型。
(新高考)高考英语小题必练15阅读理解之词义猜测题
1.正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础。
2.英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义在不同的语境中会有所不同，能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。
3.阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来，这是阅读理解中经常检测的一种能力。
1. 根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测【典例1】（2020·山东卷C 篇节选）In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia , which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?A Developing a serious mental disease.B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.【答案】D【解析】词句猜测题。
最新高考英语阅读理解专题猜测词义题完整版
最新高考英语阅读理解专题指导－猜测词义题在阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。
这时许多同学立即翻阅词典，查找词义。
这样做不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度、影响对语篇的整体把握。
事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。
我们可以利用语境(各种已知信息)推测、判断某些生词的词义。
近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查，因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对突破高考阅读理解、提高我们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。
常见的题干有：1) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word ？2) The word... could best be replaced by.3) In the... paragraph, the word... means (refers to).4) According to the passage,... probably means.5) The author uses the word... to mean.猜测词义时，一般可利用以下四个方面的线索：一是针对性的解释针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。
这些解释提供的信息明确具体，所使用的语言通俗易懂，利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。
1. 根据定义( definition )猜测词义如果生词有一个句子(定语从句或是同位语＜同位语前常有or, similarly, that is tosay, in other words, namely, or other, say, i.g. 等＞或是同位语从句)或段落来定义或使用破折号，冒号，分号后的内容和引号括号中的内容加以解释和定义，那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。
定义常用的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。
2025版高考英语一轮总复习专题十二猜测词义习题
专题十二揣测词义5年高考题组一记叙文Passage 1 (2024全国甲,C)话题:人际关系与社会交往难度:中词数:356 When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don t worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe.A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “Safe!Safe!Safe!”And that s what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I d given it up.When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I ve traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear; tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving (穿梭)among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail-thin teenager, in a baggy white T-shirt, skidded(滑)up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. Butsoon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”1.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?A.He felt disappointed.B.He gave up his hobby.C.He liked the weather there.D.He had disagreements with his family.2.What do the underlined words“Safe!Safe!Safe!”probably mean?A.Be careful!B.Well done!C.No way!D.Don t worry!3.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?A.To join the skateboarding.B.To make new friends.C.To learn more tricks.D.To relive his childhood days.4.What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A.Children should learn a second language.B.Sport is necessary for children s health.C.Children need a sense of belonging.D.Seeing the world is a must for children.答案[语篇解读] 作者讲解并描述了自己通过滑板运动与伦敦当地的爱好者沟通、互动的故事。
高考英语阅读专项练习-猜测词义题
一、猜测词义题1. 通过定义或释义猜测词义一般可通过定义、定语从句等来确定需要猜测的词的词义，这类词大多是专有名词、生僻词汇或短文中较为重要的词汇，为了让读者能够正确理解它们，作者会作出定义和解释性的说明。
The Jet d'Eau and the Flower Watch are the main attractions every year for the tourists visiting Geneva. The Jet d'Eau has become the symbol of Geneva for a long time. This is a 140 meters high water monument with a rich history. Eight 13,500-watt projects light the grand column（圆柱）of the fountain in the evening. From early March until the second Sunday of October...Question: The “Jet d'Eau” in the paragraph refers to ________.A. the water fountainB. the English GardenC. a new scene with electric lightingD. the name of a famous watchmaker2. 通过对比猜测词义作者通常用however, but, on the other hand, on the contrary, instead of, while等表示转折的词形成相互对比、相互对照的效果，考生可以根据这些词语推断所出现的需要猜测的词语的意思。
Now, here are some simple ways you can produce less waste at work. When you are at the copier, only make the copies you need.Use both sides of the paper when writing something less important. Turn off your lights when you leave. Use a lower watt bulb（灯泡）in your lamp. Drink your coffee or tea out of your mugs instead of single-use cups. Set up a recycling box for cans and one for bottles.Question: The underlined word “mugs” is most likely to be________.A. machines that makes coffeeB. containers that can be used again and againC. paper products for teaD. something that can only be found in an office3. 通过因果关系猜测词义考生可以通过分析事件的结果，推测出可能造成这种结果的原因；或者通过事物的原因，推测出其结果。
2025届高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测题解题策略及真题练习+课件
3. Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister was quite sedate.
A. pretty
B. passive C. protective D. energetic
Practice 根据上下文语境推断词义。
4. At first, Gao was a hardworking and honest man who sells fish to make a
1. Mr.Green loves to talk,and his brothers are similarly loquacious.
adj.健谈的
同义或近义 synonym or near-synonym
利用上下文中出现的同义或近义的单词或短语推知划线词的 意 思 。 常 见 信 号 词 (clues) ： and, or, also, as...as, just as, similarly等
原因：because，as，since(因为)，for(因为) 结果：so，thus，as a result , therefore, so that …
8.The museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibitions in one day. adj. 大的
利用对比或转折的信号词，然后根据反义词线索猜测词义。 常见信号词/词组有：but, yet(然而), despite(尽管), however, while(但是), unfortunately(不幸地), on the other hand, on the contrary(相反), in contrast, instead of, rather than, not as…as, not the same as…等
高中英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题
高中英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题1.The boy was so excited that he ran around the park like a wild animal. What does “wild” mean?A.tameB.calmC.fierceD.gentle答案：C。
“wild”在这里的意思是“凶猛的、狂野的”。
在这个句子中，男孩像个野生动物一样在公园里跑，说明他非常兴奋，行为比较激烈。
选项A“tame”是“温顺的”；选项B“calm”是“平静的”；选项D“gentle”是“温柔的”，都不符合语境。
通过上下文可以推断出男孩的行为很激烈，所以“wild”应该是“fierce”的意思。
词义猜测的技巧是根据上下文的描述来判断单词的意思。
2.The old man sat on the bench, looking at the beautiful sunset. What does “bench” mean?A.chairB.tableC.sofaD.long seat答案：D。
“bench”在这里的意思是“长凳”。
在这个句子中，老人坐在长凳上看美丽的日落。
选项A“chair”是“椅子”；选项B“table”是“桌子”；选项C“sofa”是“沙发”，都不符合语境。
通过上下文可以推断出老人坐在一个可以坐的地方看日落，而且“bench”通常是指长凳。
词义猜测的技巧是根据上下文的描述和常识来判断单词的意思。
3.The girl was wearing a beautiful dress with colorful flowers on it. What does “colorful” mean?A.blackB.whiteC.monochromeD.multi-colored答案：D。
“colorful”在这里的意思是“多彩的”。
在这个句子中，女孩穿着一件有彩色花朵的漂亮裙子，说明裙子的颜色很丰富。
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最新高考英语阅读理解专题指导－猜测词义题在阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。
这时许多同学立即翻阅词典，查找词义。
这样做不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度、影响对语篇的整体把握。
事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。
我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。
近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查，因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对突破高考阅读理解、提高我们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。
常见的题干有：1) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word？2) The word... could best be replaced by.3) In the... paragraph, the word... means (refers to).4) According to the passage,... probably means.5) The author uses the word... to mean.猜测词义时，一般可利用以下四个方面的线索：一是针对性的解释针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。
这些解释提供的信息明确具体，所使用的语言通俗易懂，利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。
1.根据定义（definition）猜测词义如果生词有一个句子（定语从句或是同位语<同位语前常有 or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say, i.g. 等>或是同位语从句）或段落来定义,或使用破折号，冒号，分号后的内容和引号括号中的内容加以解释和定义，那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。
定义常用的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。
例1.Do you know what a territory is ? A territory is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims（声称）as its own.（湖北卷）[分析]由定义可推知，这里territory指的是：动物的地盘。
例2.In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today．（浙江卷）[分析]由同位语an endangered wild cat我们很快猜出生词ocelots的义域：一种濒临灭绝野猫。
例3. Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou ,wild boar ,and reindeer with surprising sauces . （福建卷）According to the passage ,The Pines is a .A．place in which you can see many mobile homesB．mountain where you can get a good view of the valleyC．town which happens to be near the Banff National ParkD．restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food[分析]通过whose引导的定语从句，我们可以推测到：The Pines 是一家餐馆的名字，由此不难推出理解题的答案为：D。
2.根据举例猜测词义恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。
例4. The course gives you chances to know great power polities between nation states. It will provide more space to study particular issues such as relationship among countries in the European Union, third world debt, local and international disagreement, and the work of such international bodies as the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, and the World Bank.（辽宁卷）[分析]根据such as 后面列举的一系列例子，我们应该能推断出句中的issue 是指议题。
二是内在逻辑关系根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指应用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系，然后根据逻辑联系推断生词词义或大致义域。
1.根据对比、比较关系猜测词义在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以根据生词的反义词猜测其词义。
表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要有：unlike, not, but, however, despite, in spite of, in contrast 等。
表示对比关系的句子结构：while 引导的并列句。
同对比关系相反，比较关系表示意义上的相似关系。
表示比较关系的词和短语主要有：similarly, like, just as, also, as well as 等。
例5.A childs birthday party doesnt have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.What does the underlined word hassle (paragraph 1) probably mean? （2002年NMET）A.a party designed by specialistsB.a plan requiring careful thoughtC.a situation causing difficulty or troubleD.a demand made by guests[分析]根据对比关系，这里hassle 和 a basket of fun 是相反的意义，很容易判断理解题的答案为C。
例6.Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious.该句中副词similarly表明短语loves to talk和loquacious 之间的比较关系，其意义相近。
由此我们可推断出loquacious的意思是健谈的。
2.根据因果关系猜测词义在句子或段落中，若两个事物现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推测生词词义。
例7.feel that since you are my superior , it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .（上海卷）The word presumptuous in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to .A．full of respect B．too confident and rude C．lacking in experience D．too shy and quiet[分析]根据since 引导的原因状语从句的内容（既然你是我的上司），我们可以推断这里presumptuous的意思是：冒失的，放肆的意思，后半句的意思是：我告诉你怎么做会是一种放肆/冒失的行为。
对应的理解题答案为：B。
例8.Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots,or young leaves.（江西卷）根据原因状语从句的内容，我们可以判断Pruning的意思是：修剪（树枝等）的意思。
3.根据说明、并列、同等同义近义、、反义等关系猜测词义在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表面的关系猜测词义。
例9.William Shakespeare said. The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together. （江苏卷）The underlined word mingled in the last paragraph most probably means .A．simple B．mixed C．sad D．happy[分析]句中good and ill together 更具体地说明了a mingled yarn的意义，据此我们不难推测mingled的意思是：混合的，交织的。
例10.Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs ? The answer is yes, according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers. （湖北卷）[分析]根据and three other medical centers 这种并列关系，我们很容易推断出：Johns Hopkins是一家医疗中心。
例11.There is no reason to insult and defame the man simply because you do not agree with him.[分析]根据与insult侮辱的同等关系猜测defame为诋毁，中伤或诽谤例12.The game Americans call soccer is known around the world as football.[分析]运用与football的同义关系推断为足球。
例13.The house stood at the end of a quiet neat street. The littledwelling,however,looked neglected and cheerless.[分析]运用与The house近义关系可以推断dwelling与住所有关例14.Most women in China ---educated and illiterated, urban and rural, the young and old-----work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.[分析]后面的urban and rural, the young and old之间都有反义关系，运用这个关系可以推断illiterated为未接受过教育的，即文盲三是通过构词法在猜测词义过程中，我们还可以依靠构词法方面的知识，从生词本身猜测词义。