阅读理解词义猜测题
阅读理解词义猜测题.doc
阅读理解词义猜测题词义猜测题就是考查考生在阅读时不用查词典，仅仅通过上下文的意思就能猜测出生词词义的能力。
突出考查考生对语境的分析和把握能力。
考查的词有时为新词，有时为熟词新义。
设问方式：对单词意思的猜测：1.The underlined word in the … paragraph refers to / means ________2.What does the word “….” In paragraph … stand for /mean?3.“….” could best be replaced by which of the following?4.the word “…..” is closest in meaning to _______________.对短语意思的猜测1.The expression /phrase “….” Means __________2.the underlined expression/ phrase in paragraph refers to / means _________3.“…” could best be replaced by which of the following?4.the phrase “……” is closest in meaning to __________\对句子意思的猜测：1.The sentence “…..” indicates that ______________2.The underlined sentence implies /means that ____________3.what does the underlined sentence mean?4.By “….”, the author means that _____________.对代词的意思猜测What does the word “….” Underlined in the last paragraph refer to ?What does the underlined word refer to?解题技巧：1．根据单词的前缀或后缀猜测单词的意思2．注意文章中能够解释生词的定义性语句3．根据单词与文章其他部分的关系，通过对比、因果、比较等方法猜测词义。
(完整版)词义猜测题
阅读理解之词义猜测题词义猜测题常见设题方式：：1. The word "…” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by __________2. The word "…” is most likely to mea n _________ .3. What do you thi nk the expressi on "…” sta nds for?4. The un derl ined word "…” means. _____ .....解题方法1. Definition 定义法2. Con trast 对比法3. Similarity 相似法4. Cause and effect 因果法5. Example例举法6. Word Formation 构词法7. Con text上下文8. Com mon Se nse 普通常识1. Defin iti on 定义法：一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。
______a. It will be very hard but very brittle —that is , it will break easily.（）b. The herdsma n , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yua n a year._（）2. Contrast 对比法：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。
表示对比______的词有but、while、however、otherwise 等。
a. Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented.（）b. She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. A. on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly3. Similarity 相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题1.The boy was very happy and ran around like a wild animal. What does “wild” mean?A.calmB.angryC.fierce and not controlledD.sad答案：C。
“wild”表示“野蛮的、未被驯服的、不受控制的”。
A 选项“calm”是“平静的”；B 选项“angry”是“生气的”；D 选项“sad”是“悲伤的”。
根据上下文，男孩高兴得像个野生动物一样跑来跑去，可推测“wild”在这里是“fierce and not controlled”（凶猛且不受控制的）的意思。
2.The girl had a beautiful smile that lit up the room. What does “lit up” mean?A.cleanedB.brightenedC.decoratedD.warmed答案：B。
“lit up”表示“照亮、使明亮”。
A 选项“cleaned”是“打扫”；C 选项“decorated”是“装饰”；D 选项“warmed”是“使温暖”。
根据上下文，女孩的微笑照亮了房间，可推测“lit up”在这里是“brightened”（（使明亮）的意思。
3.The old man walked slowly with a cane. What does “cane” mean?A.stickB.hatC.shoeD.coat答案：A。
“cane”表示“手杖”。
B 选项“hat”是“帽子”；C 选项“shoe”是“鞋子”；D 选项“coat”是“外套”。
根据上下文，老人拿着一根手杖慢慢地走，可推测“cane”在这里是“stick”（棍子、手杖）的意思。
4.The dog barked loudly at the stranger. What does “barked” mean?A.jumpedB.ranC.shoutedD.whispered答案：C。
阅读理解专题——推理判断题(词义猜测+推断隐含意思)+课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
推断隐含意思
推断隐 含意思
要求 推断言外之意或弦外之音 常含infer(推断), suggest, imply
题干 常有can, could, probably, likely等
练习：名师指津P108 （四）
My mom's annual visits to my school sparked (激发) interest from other parents as well. Over the years, we had visits from parents who shared how festivals were celebrated in Germany and Italy.
than, on the contrary, on the other hand等
考点4：作出判断和推理
这类试题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行 逻辑推理，推测作者未明确提到的事实或某事件发展的 趋势。这种判断和推理的能力是阅读理解能力的重要组 成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。 每年每套题通常会有 4～6 题。
练习：名师指津P108 （四） Every September, I hated presenting the note my parents had expertly made to a teacher I was just getting to know. The note explained that I would be absent during the Jewish High Holidays of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. I fretted that my teachers would label me the “Jewish kid”.
高考英语阅读理解 词义猜测
词义猜测知识摘要一、高考阅读理解词义猜测类题目常见的设问方式1. The word “…” refers to/ probably means ________.2. The underlined word “…” could best be replaced by ________.3. What do you think the expression “…” stands for?4. By saying “…” we mean ________.5. “…” as used in the passage can best be defined as ________.6. Which of the following words can take the place of the word “…”?考点梳理一、利用指代关系猜测找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词所指代的内容。
连读前、后段落，主要看前面的句子所出现的名词及相当于名词的表达。
二、利用定义语猜测对于某个陌生词，作者一般会在文章中给出该词的定义或解释。
这种解释可能是一种重复说明或定义。
线索词有that, which, is等。
三、利用定语或同位语猜测通常引出同位语的词有or, that is, in other words等，还有以括号或破折号的形式出现。
在这些标记词后较易找到同画线词意义相同或相近的词。
四、利用文章中的举例猜测根据文章所举的例子，从具体到一般，猜出该生词的意思。
五、利用对比或比较的词语猜测运用有对比关系的词语，例如反义词，可以暗示出生词的含义。
这类词主要有but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast to等。
标点符号中的分号也可表示对比。
六、利用构词法猜测分析复合词，从该词的各个部分的特定意思及联系上猜出该词的意思。
高三英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题方法总结单选题30题
高三英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题方法总结单选题30题1.The word "procrastinate" in the sentence "He is always procrastinating his work." can be guessed from the context. The possible meaning is _____.A.finish quicklyB.start earlyC.put offD.do carefully答案：C。
本题通过上下文逻辑关系来猜测词义。
句子“He is always procrastinating his work.”表示“他总是拖延工作”，选项A“finish quickly（快速完成）”、选项B“start early（早早开始）”、选项D“do carefully 认真做）”都不符合语境，只有选项C“put off 推迟）”符合“拖延工作”的意思。
解题技巧为通过上下文逻辑关系猜测词义。
2.The new word "biodegradable" can be understood by analyzing its parts. The meaning is related to being able to _____.st foreverB.be broken down by living thingsC.be very expensiveD.be made quickly答案：B。
本题利用构词法来猜测词义。
“bio-”表示“生命、生物”，“degradable”表示“可降解的”，所以“biodegradable”的意思是“可被生物降解的”。
选项A“last forever（ 永远持续）”、选项C“be very expensive非常昂贵）”、选项D“be made quickly（快速制成）”都与构词法分析出的意思不符，只有选项B“be broken down by living things 被生物分解）”符合。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文理解题50题
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文理解题50题1. I saw a “sale” sign in the shop window. What does “sale” mean?A. 购买B. 出售C. 打折D. 交换答案：C。
“sale”常见的意思是“打折”“促销”，在商店橱窗看到的“sale” sign 通常表示商品在打折出售。
A 选项“购买”是“buy”；B 选项“出售”可以用“sell”；D 选项“交换”是“exchange”。
2. The teacher said, “Class, please be quiet.” What does “quiet” mean?A. 大声的B. 安静的C. 活跃的D. 忙碌的答案：B。
“quiet”意为“安静的”，老师说让班级安静下来，就是让大家不要吵闹。
A 选项“大声的”是“loud”；C 选项“活跃的”是“active”；D 选项“忙碌的”是“busy”。
3. We had a picnic in the park yesterday. What does “picnic” mean?A. 会议B. 旅行C. 野餐D. 聚会答案：C。
“picnic”就是“野餐”的意思，在公园里进行的通常是野餐活动。
A 选项“会议”是“meeting”或“conference”；B 选项“旅行”是“trip”或“journey”；D 选项“聚会”是“party”。
4. The students are playing football on the playground. What does “playground” mean?A. 教室B. 操场C. 图书馆D. 实验室答案：B。
“playground”指的是“操场”，学生们踢足球通常在操场上进行。
A 选项“教室”是“classroom”；C 选项“图书馆”是“library”；D 选项“实验室”是“laboratory”。
阅读理解突破之词义猜测题
阅读理解突破之词义猜测题高考命题取向正确理解文中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础，不懂单词含义根本就谈不上理解文章。
但英语单词、短语的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同语境会有所不同。
能根据上下文理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。
在高考阅读理解中，词义猜测题通常有以下三种情况：推测划线单词或短语的含义；推测划线代词指代含义；推测划线句子的含义。
近3年全国高考细节理解题题量统计对于推测划线单词或短语的含义，可以依据定义、同位语、文章中的例子、对比关系或比较关系、构词法、并列结构、因果关系等来解题；对于推测代词含义，可以从宏观上充分把握代词指代内容涉及段落的整体含义，并从微观入手抓住关键词或关键句，弄清逻辑关系（因果关系，转折关系，补充说明，对比关系等）来解题；关于推测划线句含义，采用三步法—一定位，返回原文，定位划线句子，理清句子结构；二分析，分析划线句子前后语境，根据关键信息和逻辑关系（因果关系，转折关系，补充说明，对比关系等）合理推断句意；三比较，比较选项，找出与推断出的句义相似的选项。
高考典题例析推测划线单词或短语的含义例1 (2022·全国甲卷)As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(企鹅)longing to say hello.These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel.Throughout her career(职业)as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland.“I just decided I wanted to go,” she says.“I had no idea about what I'd find there and I wasn't nervous, I just wanted to do it.And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she'd never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica.“From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing.Antarctica left an impre ssion on me that no other place has,” Ginni says.“I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us.You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making under water.”The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.28.Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2?A.Try challenging things.B.Take a degree.C.Bring back lost memories.D.Stick to a promise.28.【解析】选A。
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阅读理解词义猜测题词义猜测题就是考查考生在阅读时不用查词典，仅仅通过上下文的意思就能猜测出生词词义的能力。
突出考查考生对语境的分析和把握能力。
考查的词有时为新词，有时为熟词新义。
设问方式：对单词意思的猜测：1.The underlined word in the … paragraph refers to / means ________2.What does the word “….” In paragraph … stand for /mean?3.“….” could best be replaced by which of the following?4.the word “…..” is closest in meaning to _______________.对短语意思的猜测1.The expression /phrase “….” Means __________2.the underlined expression/ phrase in paragraph refers to / means _________3.“…” could best be replaced by which of the following?4.the phrase “……” is closest in meaning to __________\对句子意思的猜测：1.The sentence “…..” indicates that ______________2.The underlined sentence implies /means that ____________3.what does the underlined sentence mean?4.By “….”, the author means that _____________.对代词的意思猜测What does the word “….” Underlined in the last paragraph refer to ?What does the underlined word refer to?解题技巧：1．根据单词的前缀或后缀猜测单词的意思2．注意文章中能够解释生词的定义性语句3．根据单词与文章其他部分的关系，通过对比、因果、比较等方法猜测词义。
4．根据同义词或近义词猜测词义答题步骤1．首先要认真阅读文章，对文章的内容有一个大体的了解，把握好文章的整体脉络。
2．对题目中出现的要求考生猜测的短语、单词或句子的部分进行反复的阅读，力求从一下句或一些定义性的语句中找到有用的信息。
3．将猜出的单词、短语或句子的意思带入文中进行检验，看是否符合上下句的意思，文章上下是否衔接、连贯。
方法指导：单词：对单词的意思猜测时要利用构词法、同义词、近义词、反义词或提示句进行猜测，并通过文章的大意来验证。
1. 根据上下文解释作出判断根据短文中出现一个需猜测其意义的词或短语，在上文或下文出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
例1 The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up.（09湖南C）66. The underlined words “the evicted fish" in Paragraph 3 refer to _____.A. the fish beaten upB. the fish found outC. the fish fattened upD. the fish driven away分析：从前面的“being driven away”可知，得出答案是_______.2. 根据转折或对比关系判断根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。
另外，分号（；）也可以表示转折、对比或不相于的意义。
例2 July 21 st , 2007 was a typical English summer’s day — it rained for 24 hours! As usual, I rushed home from work at midday to check on the house. Nothing was amiss. By the time I lift work at 5 pm, however, the road into our village was flooded. Our house bad never been flooded but, as I opened the front door, a wave of water greeted me. Thank God the kids weren’t with me, because the house was 5 feet deep in water. We lost everything downstairs. And the plaster had to be torn off the walls, ceilings pulled down.45. What does the underlined word “amiss” in the first paragraph mean?A. Wrong.B. Missing.C. Right.D. Found.分析：根据however，可以猜测出nothing was amiss与the road into our village was flooded 是相反的，因此答案为________.4．根据构词法（转化、合成、派生）进行判断在英语中，有很多词可以在其前面加前缀或后缀构成另一个词。
掌握了一定的构词法便可轻松猜出它的词义。
5．根据因果关系进行判断（08全国二B）In nutrition(营养) it was all good news too. This nice-tasting pineapple contained four times more vitamin C(维生素C) than the old green variety. Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitamins, but also good against some diseases. People were understandably eager to be able to buy this wonderful fruit. The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater.62. The underlined word “fixture” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something ______.A. that people enjoy eatingB. that is always presentC. that is difficult to getD. that people use as a gift分析：根据对该水果在营养，口味等方面的优势分析，得出它是购物者的菜篮中的不可或缺的水果。
答案为B。
6．根据同位关系进行判断在篇章中有时出现新词、难词，后面就跟着一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，有时这种解释也用连词or连接。
7．利用文章中的举例来猜测词义可以用从具体到一般，根据文章所举的例子，猜出该词的意思。
（08北京C）You can perhaps help with this. The collection of contributions towards gifts for employee s’ personal-life events is becoming a little troubling.Certainly, the group sending of a gift is reasonable now and then. In the past month, however, there have been collections for two baby shower gifts, one wedding shower gift, two wedding gifts, one funeral（葬礼）remembrance, four birthday gifts, and three graduation gifts.63. The underlined word “contributions” probably means ________.A. moneyB. suggestionsC. reportsD. understanding分析：根据后面the group sending of a gift is reasonable 等猜测出应当是买礼物所需要的钱。
得出答案_____.8．利用同义词或反义词来猜测词义（09全国二A）I know what you’re thinking: pizza（比萨饼）？For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last night’s leftovers in the a.m. if you want to.41. The word “leftovers” in paragraph I probably means______.A. food remaining after a mealB. things left undoneC. meals made of vegetablesD. pizza topped with fruit9．利用常识来猜测词义句子：对句子意思的理解需要我们对文章有一个整体的理解，然后来分析句子在上下文的意思，从而推知句子在文章中的意思。