虚拟语气的规则总结(word版)
(完整word版)虚拟语气用法详解(word文档良心出品)

虚拟语气用法详解一、条件句中的虚拟语气1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件,主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。
条件句中的2. 条件句中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如:If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话,他就会充分利用他的时间了。
If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话,他会通知我们一声。
(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如:If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话,它会帮助我们的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话,它会对你很熟悉。
(3)过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如:If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影,我会把电影内容告诉你了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿,我就会会到了李先生。
3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时,须注意的几个问题(1)当从句的主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词若是系动词be时,可用was 代替were。
但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were 中,只能用were。
如:Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话,我会去国外学习。
If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话,我要尽力抓住这次机会。
(完整版)虚拟语气用法小结

虚拟语气用法小结一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件何.在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如: If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。
如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it。
如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。
(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。
)1。
在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:2。
错综时间条件句:有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now。
如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了。
(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在)3。
省略连词if (倒装)。
在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had 或 should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装.Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up.Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it。
Were I to meet him tomorrow (= if I were to met him tomorrow), I should ask him about it。
要是我明天见到他,我就会问他这件事的。
Had I had the money last year (= if I had had the money last year), i would have bought the house. 如果我去年有了这笔钱,我就买那所房子了.Should there be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply. 假如锅炉出问题的话,自控装置会自动切断燃油的供给.4。
(完整)虚拟语气用法总结,推荐文档

虚拟语气的用法总结语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
语气的种类:(1 )陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的,确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句,疑问句和某些感叹句。
如We are ready. What a fine day it is!(2 )祈使语气表示说话人的建议,请求,邀请,命令等。
如Ope n the door, Please.应注意以下几点:1. 主语通常是第二人称you,但多不出现,动词用原形,否定用don ot或者don'加动词原形(或be)女口Be careful next time. Don 'smoke here.2. 有时为了强调,主语也可以出现,而且可以是第三人称,谓语动词不加-s或者-es如You be quiet.He sta nd up.3. 祈使语气可以用do加强语气女口Do come to see this Sunday.4. 在Let's的祈使句后,疑问部分通常用shall we ;在Let us后,疑问部分用will you女口Let' goout for a walk after supper , shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you?5. 祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句,而and之后则是表示结果。
如Think hardand you will have a good idea.(3)虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。
女口If I were you, I should study En glish.一. 虚拟语气在条件从句的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。
如If it doesn S rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。
虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。
一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。
例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。
例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。
例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。
虚拟语气用法总结(超好)

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法现象,它用于表达与事实相反、与现实相反或与过去事实相反的假设或愿望。
虚拟语气不仅存在于从句中,也可以出现在主句中。
虽然虚拟语气的用法较为多样,但是掌握其基本规则能够帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。
本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行总结和归纳。
一、过去时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句当表示与现实相反的假设或条件时,使用虚拟条件句。
这种句子通常包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句,条件从句使用过去完成时,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。
例如:- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我当时学得更努力,我就能通过考试。
)- If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared dinner.(如果我知道你要来,我就会准备晚餐。
)2. 虚拟表达愿望或建议当表达与现实相反的愿望或建议时,使用虚拟语气,即将过去时态的动词形式改为"would"加动词原形。
例如:- I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高。
)- She suggested that he take a bus.(她建议他坐公交车。
)二、现在时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句与过去时的虚拟条件句类似,现在时的虚拟条件句也包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句。
条件从句使用"were to"结构或"should"加动词原形,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。
例如:- If I were to win the lottery, I would travel the world.(如果我中了彩票,我会周游世界。
(word完整版)虚拟语气表格归纳,推荐文档

去if:Were she younger,she,would do it.
虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的方式状语从句中
1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑,谓语动词用过去式。
2.表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去完成时。
在“It is (was)+名词+that…..”结构句中的虚拟语气
表示建议,命令,请求,道歉,怀疑,惊奇等。
这类名词有:advice,decision,desire,demand,idea,order,pity,proposal,recommendation,suggestion,surprise,wish,wonder等。
3.表示与将来事实相反
注意:1.在as if/as though句中,如果有可能成为事实,用陈述语气。例:He looks as if he going to be ill.
2.as though或as if引导的状语从句,从句主语和主句主语相同时,从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。
虚拟语气用在lest,for fear that,so that及in order that引导的目的状语从句中表示“以防,以免”等意思
表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气
2.也可以用陈述语气。
例:They are willing to surrender provided they are given free pardon..
“In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句,也可以用虚拟语气
(should)+动词原型
例:1.The game will be put off in case it (should) snow.
(完整word版)虚拟语气表格归纳

状语从句中的虚构语气虚构语气在 if 指引的条从句(条件)主句(目的)件句中的用法三点:表示于此刻事实相反的If+ 主语 +动词的过去式( be 用主语 +would(shouldcould虚构条件句were)might)+ 动词原型表示与过去事实相反的If+ 主语 +had+ 动词的过去分主语 +would ( should could 拟条件句词might ) +have+动词的过去分词表示与未来事实相反的If+ 主语 +should( were to) + 主语 +would ( could should 虚构条件句动词原型 / 动词的过去式might ) +动词原型混淆条件句——主从句有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作,发生的时间不一致,时间不一致的状况下的这是动作的形式应依据它所表示的时间加以调整。
虚构语气有时虚构条件句并没用if从句表示出来,而是用介词短语委婉条件句( otherwise ,or ,without ,but for )上下文或其余方式来表示。
条件从句中省略 if 采纳倒装语序的状况虚拟语气在 as if/as though 指引的方式状语从句中1.条件暗含在短语中;2.条件暗含在上下文中;3.虚构式变成习惯说法,很难找出其暗含的条件。
在if 指引的表示虚构的条件状语从句中,有时能够把虚构条件中的连词 if 省去,而将 had , should , were 等助动词提到主语以前。
例:原句: If she were younger,she,would do it.去if : Were she younger,she,would do it.1.表示与此刻事实相反或对此刻状况有思疑,谓语动词用过去式。
2.表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去达成时。
3.表示与未来事实相反注意: 1.在 as if/as though 句中,假如有可能成为事实,用陈说语气。
例: He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though 或 as if 指引的状语从句,从句主语和主句主语同样时,从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。
完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳

完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
语气的种类包括陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
陈述语气用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句,表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的。
例如:“XXX.”,“XXX?”和“How good a teacher she is!”祈使语气表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。
例如:“Never be XXX!”和“Don’t et to turn off the light.”虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
例如:“If I were a bird。
I could fly in the air.”,“I wish I could pass the XXX.”和“May you succeed!”在简单句中,虚拟语气常用于情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气,常用于日常会话中。
例如:“XXX to show me the way to the post office?”和“It would be better for you not to stay up too late.”虚拟语气还可以用于表达祝愿,常用“may+动词原形”表示。
例如:“May good luck be yours!”,“May you be happy!”和“May you do even better!”。
还可以用于表达愿望和建议。
例如:“If only XXX.”和“XXX.”如果我现在有时间,我会和他们一起去。
(陈述语气)如果我现在是你,我就会和他们一起去。
(虚拟语气)与过去事实相反:若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(be动词用had been),主句谓语用“should (would。
could。
might)+have+过去分词”。
如:如果我昨天有时间,我就和他们一起去了。
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虚拟语气
虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
一、if从句:
(二)错综时间的虚拟句:通常情况下,在条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间一致, 但有
时也可能指不同的时间,这时主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时
间,其动词形式要根据时间而定。
1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。
2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。
3. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.
(从句指过去,主句指现在)。
4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.(从句指过去,主句指现在)。
5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. (从句指现在,主句指将来)
(三)省略:If 从句中含有were, should, had时,可省略if并把were, should, had提前。
例如:Were I you, I wouldn’t quarrel with him.
备注:注:would, should, could与might的选择:
①一般常用would,如同在真实条件句中主句常要用will一样。
常译作“将、就会”。
如:
If I knew him, I would ask him for help. 如果我认识他的话,我就会向他求助。
②should在虚拟条件句中用得最少,现在几乎不用。
可能是因为在陈述语气中第一人称后面
可以用shall,所以在虚拟语气中,理论上讲,第一人称后也可用should。
但在现代英语中,特别是美语中,人们常说:I’ll go home.或I will go home. 但很少人说I shall go home. 因此,在虚拟条件句中,should也很少用。
③could用于虚拟条件句中时,有“能够,可能”之意。
如:
If you had come back a little earlier, you could have seen it yourself.
如果你回来得再稍早一点,你就可能亲眼目睹这件事了。
④might用于虚拟条件句时,常译作“或许”,表示可能性有,但不敢肯定。
如:
If I had been there, I might have quarreled with him. 如果我当时在场的话,我或许会和他吵起来。
二、(should)do (should可以省略)形式的虚拟:宾语、表语、同位语都要求虚拟
(一)一坚持(insist)一推荐(recommend)三命令(order, command, direct) 三建议(suggest, advice, propose) 五要求(demand, require, request, urge, ask)
口诀:①I drop cars. ②Crid soap
即“I:insist坚决,D:demand/desire要求/请求,R:request请求require要求/需要,O:order命令,P:propose 建议,C:command命令,A:ask命令,advise建议,P:prefer宁愿,S:suggest建议”
注意:insist:①坚决宣称, 坚持认为,坚持说,固执己见(不虚拟)②坚决要求,坚持(虚拟)suggest:①暗示(不虚拟)②建议, 提议(虚拟)
1. The man insisted that he didn’t steal the wallet and should be set free now.
2. Her pale face suggested that she was badly ill, so I suggested that she should go to see a doctor at once.
3. My suggestion is that he should go there at once.
4. It is suggested that he should go there at once.
5. I made a suggestion that he should go there at once.
6. This is the suggestion that/ which he made at the meeting.(定语从句不用虚拟)
(二)It is adj. for sb. that 主语+(should) do. (也可不虚拟)
It is a pity/ a shame/ no wonder that主语+(should) do. (也可不虚拟)
例如:1. It is necessary that he should be sent to the hospital at once.
2. It is a pity that he should miss such a golden chance.
三、It is (high) time that 虚拟)过去式
should do(should不能省略)
It is time that we got up.
should get up.
四、would / could / might / should +have done
(一)without, but for…, 主语+ would / could / might / should +have done。
(如果不…;要不是…)例:But for your help yesterday, I couldn’t have done it well.
(二)but: 主语+ would / could / might / should +have done, but+句子.(真实的)otherwise:句子(真实的),otherwise主语+ would / could / might / should +have done.
例:I would have taken part in the sports meeting, but I was ill.
I was ill; otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
五、wish, as if/ though, if only的从句:过去式(did)(be常用were) (表示与现在事实情况相反)
过去完成式(had done) (表示与过去事实情况相反)
would / could / might + do(表示与将来事实情况相反)例如:If only he had visited us yesterday.
六、would rather do than do
+句子(虚拟)过去式(did)(be常用were)表示与现在或将来情况相反
过去完成式(had +done) 表示与过去情况相反
七、Long live +主语!例:Long live the people!
May you do sth.! 例:May you succeed!
八、had+ expected/wanted/intended/planned/hoped/wished/thought/dreamed等表个人意志、打
算、想法的动词的过去分词,表示“本来要做某事(暗含但是后来没有做成的)”。
其宾语从句的谓语用“would+动词原形”。
例:I had hoped that she would go to the U.S. and study there, but she said she liked to stay in China.。