California
加利福尼亚英文介绍 做的很认真的
• Los Angeles was founded on September 4, 1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence. In 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality (直辖市)on April 4, 1850, five months before California achieved statehood （独立）.
• California's climate varies from Mediterranean to subarctic. • Much of the state has a Mediterranean climate, with cool, rainy winters and dry summers. The cool California Current offshore often creates summer fog near the coast. Further inland, one encounters colder winters and hotter summers. • Northern parts of the state average higher annual rainfall than the south. California's mountain ranges influence the climate as well: some of the rainiest parts of the state are west-facing mountain slopes. Northwestern California has a temperate climate, and the Central Valley has a Mediterranean climate but with greater temperature extremes than the coast. The high mountains, including the Sierra Nevada, have a mountain climate with snow in winter and mild to moderate heat in summer. • The east side of California's mountains produce a rain shadow, creating expansive deserts. The higher elevation deserts of eastern California see hot summers and cold winters, while the low deserts east of the southern California mountains experience hot summers and nearly frostless mild winters. Death Valley, a desert with large expanses below sea level, is considered the hottest location in North America; the highest temperature in the Western Hemisphere, , was recorded there on July 10, 1913.
美国加州简介
你所不知道的加利福尼亚州加利福尼亚州(State of California，通常简称为加州)是美国西部太平洋岸边的一个州，在面积上是全美第三大州，人口上是全美第一大州。
加利福尼亚无论是在地理、地貌、物产、还是人口构成上都十分多样化。
由于早年的淘金热，加州有一个别名叫做金州(T he Golden State)，邮政缩写是CA。
位于美国西部，美国经济最发达、人口最多的州。
南邻墨西哥，西濒太平洋。
别称黄金州。
面积41.1 万平方千米。
人口2983.9 万（1990 ），城市人口占91.3％，主要集中在太平洋沿岸地区，其中50％聚居在洛杉矶和圣弗朗西斯科（旧金山）一带。
拥有全国50％以上的华裔和墨西哥裔美国人（契卡诺人）。
圣弗朗西斯科的唐人街是华人最密集的居住区。
首府萨克拉门托。
海岸线长2030千米，较平直。
由东部内华达山脉、中央谷地及西部海岸山脉组成。
地理条件相差悬殊。
南部沙漠缺雨，北部沿海冬季因雨雪多发生水灾。
西北部降水量高达4420 毫米，东南部科罗拉多沙漠仅50～75 毫米。
在相距不到140千米的地方，坐落着海拔4418米的惠特尼山和－86 米的死谷，分别是美国本土的最高点和最低点。
夏季，东南部科罗拉多沙漠的温度高达54℃，冬季内华达山巅冷似北极。
原为印第安人聚居地。
1769 年为西班牙殖民地。
1822年归属墨西哥。
1848年归属美国。
同年发现金矿，持续7 年的淘金热使人口急增，城市迅速发展。
1850年加入联邦，成为美国第三十一州。
1869年横贯美国大陆的铁路通车，将本州与其他州连接起来。
19世纪末，洛杉矶地区石油的发现和开采，使工业迅速发展。
第二次世界大战后，新兴工业兴起，农业也因北水南调工程的建成而发达，经济实力及人口跃居前列。
农业最发达的州。
农业用地占全州30％。
主要为灌溉农业。
农牧产品多达几百种。
甘蔗、蔬菜、水果产量居全国突出地位，棉花产量第二；稻米产量第二；为全国重要的牛奶、蛋、肉产区；中央谷地是最富庶的农业地带。
美国加利福尼亚州
美国加利福尼亚州加利福尼亚州（英语：State of California），简称加州，是美国西部太平洋沿岸的一个州。
面积列美国第三。
人口为3,930万，列美国各州第一。
州首府是萨克拉门托。
在地理、地貌、物产、人口构成方面都具有多样化的特点。
加州有一别名叫做“金州”（The Golden State），邮政缩写是CA，此外尚有英文昵称为Cali。
州内的大洛杉矶地区及旧金山湾区分别为美国第二及第五大都会区，人口分别为1870万及880万人。
洛杉矶为全州最大城市，且为美国第二大城市，仅次于纽约。
洛杉矶县为美国人口最多的县；圣贝纳迪诺县为美国面积最大的县。
州旗加利福尼亚州生产总额达2.67兆美元，位居美国各州第一位。
如将加利福尼亚州当作独立个体看待，其位居世界第五大经济体，人口居世界第36位。
大洛杉矶地区及旧金山湾区为美国第二及第三大都会区经济体。
旧金山湾区为美国人均生产总额最高的地区，世界市值前十大公司有4家总部位于此地区，世界前十大富豪有4位亦居住于此地区。
州徽历史殖民地时期在英国伊丽莎白时代，著名的海盗弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士占领了新西班牙和新墨西哥北部所有的土地。
这也成为英国殖民地。
虽然早在17世纪英国人的殖民地已经是“从大海到大海”，但英国人对北美西岸的土地并没有多少兴趣，主要还是原住民部落所有。
到18世纪末，西班牙传教士逐渐开始在西属加利福尼亚北部广博的土地上建立起定居点。
当墨西哥从西班牙独立后，这些传教士定居点也成为了墨西哥政府的财产。
但是很快就被遗弃。
美墨战争与建国西班牙帝国在北美洲西北部的领土被命名为“加利福尼亚省”。
1846年，一群青年自发升起加利福尼亚共和国旗，宣布在这块地方建立新国家，虽然从墨西哥独立了，但尚不成气候，随后卷入1847年的美墨战争之后，这片领土由美国和墨西哥分治。
墨西哥所得到的那部分领土后来成了下加利福尼亚州（Baja California）。
而美国获得的领土则被称为上加利福尼亚，1848年，上加利福尼亚的西班牙裔人口大约为4,000人。
美国加利福尼亚州
灯火璀璨的夜晚
人流如积的街市
鳞次栉比的店铺
唐人街的由来知多少？
• 唐人街概况19世纪末时，中国移民被运来加州 修筑太平洋铁路和淘金，被当时的政府视为“次 等公民”，并规定他们居住在特定区域。后来又 迁入了新的移民，发展至今，便成了现在的“唐 人街”，也是亚洲之外最大的华人社区。这里安 全、紧凑、五彩缤纷，充满了生活的气息。“唐 人街”共占有16条街口，有10万华裔居民，唐人 街的入口是在布什大街上格兰特街的南端，大门 以绿瓦盖顶，几条生动的龙很有中国的味道。旧 金山的唐人街也是美国城市中最大的唐人街。
——初一三班 雷玥儿、何衍颖 43号、9号
目录
•加州经济发展 •唐人街 •旧金山 •卡斯楚小街——世界同性恋之都
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
中文名称： 加利福尼亚州 外文名称： State of California 别名： 黄金之州、金州 行政区类别： 州级 所属地区： 美国西部 下辖地区： 洛杉矶、旧金山等 政府驻地： 萨克拉门托 面积： 423,970 平方公里 人口： 3836万人(2009年) 气候条件： 南北气候悬殊 现任州长： 杰里· 布朗 官方语言： 英语 人口密度： 83.85 人/平方公里 时区： Pacific: UTC-8/-7 经济： GDP占全美第一，13%
唐人街所在的城市——旧金山
• 旧金山唐人街是美国城市中最大的唐人街，有120余年的 历史，也是美国华人最多、最集中的城市，市区76万人口 中，华人占三分之一，在旧金山中国城内，没有身处他乡 的感觉。广东长大的人对旧金山这个地名绝对熟悉，金山 伯——是人们对那些早年漂洋过海谋生的美国老华侨的尊 称。广东是著名侨乡，自从1848年有人在美国加州西海岸 圣弗朗西斯科半岛的水流中发现了黄金后，许多华人乡亲 便作为苦力被贩卖至这里挖金矿、修铁路，备尝艰辛。此 后大批华工离乡别井到此安家落户，繁衍后代，而当中的 粤人就把这座面积47平方英里，三面环水，环境优美的山 城按译音称作三藩市。
美国加利福尼亚州(California)
美国加利福尼亚州（California）教育部认可的美国加利福尼亚州（California）大学名单Academy of Art College （San Francisco）Academy Education Services （Oxnard）Academy Pacific Travel College （Hollywood）Academy of Professional Careers （La Mesa）The Academy of Radio and Television Broadcasting （Huntington Beach）Adcon Technical Institute （Los Angeles）Adcon Technical Institute （Norwalk）Adelante Career Institute （Van Nuys）Adrian's Beauty College of Turlock （Turlock）Advance Beauty College （Garden Grove）Advanced College （Paramount）Advanced College of Technology （San Diego）Advanced Training Associates （El Cajon）Alameda Beauty College, Inc. （Alameda）Alhambra Beauty College （Alhambra）Allan Hancock College （Santa Maria）Alliant International University （San Francisco）American Academy Of Dramatic Arts West （Hollywood）American Academy of English （San Francisco）American Baptist Seminary of the West （Berkeley）American Beauty College （Bellflower）American Career College （Los Angeles）American Career College, Orange County （Anaheim）American College of Health Professions （Redlands）American College of Medical Technology （Gardena）American Conservatory Theater （San Francisco）The American Film Institute （Los Angeles）American Institute of Health Sciences （Long Beach）American Medical Sciences Center （North Hollywood）American River College （Sacramento）American University of Armenia （Oakland）Antelope Valley College （Lancaster）Antelope Valley Medical College （Lancaster）Art Center College of Design （Pasadena）The Art Institute of California-Los Angeles （Santa Monica）Art Institute of California - Orange County （SantaAna）The Art Institute of California （San Diego）The Art Institute of California - San Francisco （San Francisco）Asian American International Beauty College （Westminster）ASPECT Int'l Language Academies （Santa Barbara）Associated Technical College （Los Angeles）Associated Technical College （San Diego）Associated Technical College （Vista）Avalon Beauty College （Santa Barbara）Avance Beauty College （San Diego）Aviation and Electronic Schools of America （Colfax）Azusa Pacific University （Azusa）Bakersfield College （Bakersfield）Barstow Academy of Beauty （Barstow）Barstow College （Barstow）Bay Vista College of Beauty （National City）Bethany College （Scotts Valley）Bethesda Christian University （Anaheim）Biola University （La Mirada）Brandon College （San Francisco）Brooks College （Long Beach）Brooks College （Sunnyvale）Brooks Institute of Photography （Santa Barbara）Brooks Institute of Photography （Ventura）Brownson Technical School （Anaheim）Bryan College of Court Reporting （Los Angeles）Bryman College （Anaheim）Bryman College （El Monte）Bryman College （Gardena）Bryman College （Hayward）Bryman College （Los Angeles）Bryman College （Ontario）Bryman College （Reseda）Bryman College （San Bernardino）Bryman College （San Francisco）Bryman College （San Jose）Bryman College （Torrance）Bryman College （Whittier）Bureau of Medicine and Surgery - Branch Campus （Camp Pendleton）Bureau of Medicine and Surgery - Branch Campus （San Diego）Butte College （Oroville）Cabrillo College （Aptos）California Baptist University （Riverside）California Beauty College （Modesto）California Career School （Anaheim）California Christian College （Fresno）California College of the Arts （Oakland）California College of Communication （Campbell）California College （Modesto）California College at Modesto （Modesto）California College （Sacramento）California College at Stockton （Stockton）California College of Vocational Careers （Bakersfield）California Cosmetology College, San Jose, Inc. （Santa Clara）California Culinary Academy （San Francisco）California Design College （Los Angeles）California Hair Design Academy （La Mesa）California Healing Arts College （West Los Angeles）California Institute of the Arts （Valencia）California Institute of Integral Studies （San Francisco）California Institute of Technology （Pasadena）California Learning Center （Anaheim）California Lutheran University （Thousand Oaks）California Maritime Academy （Vallejo）California Paramedical and Technical College （Riverside）California Paramedical and Technical （Long Beach）California Paramedical and Technical （Riverside）California Polytechnic State University （San Luis Obispo）California School of Court Reporting-Riverside （Moreno Valley）California School of Culinary Arts （Pasadena）California School of Modern Sciences, Los Angeles （Beverly Hills）California State Polytechnic University （Pomona）California State University （Bakersfield）California State University （Chico）California State University - Dominguez Hills （Carson）California State University （Fresno）California State University （Fullerton）California State University （Hayward）California State University （Long Beach）California State University （Los Angeles）California State University - Monterey Bay （Seaside CA）California State University （Northridge）California State University （Sacramento）California State University （San Bernardino）California State University （San Marcos）California State University - Stanislaus （Turlock）Cambridge Career College （Yuba City）Ca 馻da College （Redwood City）Career Academy of Beauty （Anaheim）Career Academy of Beauty （West Garden Grove）Career Academy （Redding）Career Academy （Yuba City）Career Care Institute （Lancaster）Career Colleges of America （South Gate）Career Networks Institute （Orange）Casa Loma College （Los Angeles）Casa Loma College （Van Nuys）CBD College （Los Angeles）CEI College （Anaheim）CEI College （Panorama City）Central California School of Continuing （Corona）Central California School of Continuing （San Luis Obispo）Central Coast College （Salinas）Cerritos College （Norwalk）Cerro Coso Community College （Ridgecrest）Chabot College （Hayward）Chabot-Las Positas Community College District （Pleasanton）Chaffey College （Rancho Cucamonga）Champion Institute of Cosmetology Inc. （Palm Springs）Chapman University （Orange）Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science （Los Angeles）Chase College （Los Angeles）Christian Heritage College （El Cajon）Church Divinity School of the Pacific （Berkeley）Citrus College （Glendora）City College Of San Francisco （San Francisco）City of Hope （Duarte）Claremont Graduate University （Claremont）Claremont McKenna College （Claremont）Claremont School of Theology （Claremont）Clarita Career College （Canyon Country）Coachella Valley Technical Skills Center （Cathedral City）Coast Community College District （Costa Mesa）Coastline Community College （Fountain Valley）Cogswell Polytechnical College （Sunnyvale）Coleman College （La Mesa）Coleman College （San Marcos）Colleen O'Hara's Beauty Academy （Orange）Colleen O'Hara's Beauty Academy （Santa Ana）College Of Alameda （Alameda）College Of The Canyons （Santa Clarita）College Of The Desert （Palm Desert）College Of Marin （Kentfield）College Of Oceaneering （Wilmington）College Of The Redwoods （Eureka）College Of San Mateo （San Mateo）College Of The Sequoias （Visalia）College Of The Siskiyous （Weed）Columbia College Hollywood （Tarzana）Columbia College （Sonora）Community Business College （Modesto）Community Enhancement Services Adult Education Division （Los Angeles）Compton Community College （Compton）Computer Education Institute, Inc. （Lake Forest）Computer Services and Instruction （Vacaville）Computer Training Institute （Newark）Computer Tutor Business & Technical Inst （Modesto）Concorde Career Institute （Garden Grove）Concorde Career Institute （North Hollywood）Concorde Career Institute （San Bernardino）Concorde Career Institute （San Diego）Concordia University （Irvine）Contra Costa College （San Pablo）Contra Costa Community College District （Martinez）Copper Mountain College （Joshua Tree）Cosumnes River College （Sacramento）Court Reporting Institute （San Diego）Crafton Hills College （Yucaipa）Cuesta College （San Luis Obispo）The Culinary Institute of America （St. Helena）Cuyamaca College （El Cajon）Cynthia's Beauty Academy （Bell）Cypress College （Cypress）D-Q University （Lower Division）（Davis）Dale Carnegie Training of Central （Bakersfield）Dale Carnegie Training of Los Angeles （Upland）Dale Carnegie Training of San Francisco （Belmont）Dale Carnegie Training of San Jose （Campbell）De Anza College （Cupertino）Defense Acquisition University - Branch Campus （San Diego）Defense Language Institute （Monterey）Design Institute Of San Diego （San Diego）Design School of Cosmetology （Paso Robles）Diablo Valley College （Pleasant Hill）Diversified Language Institute （Los Angeles）Diversified Language Institute （San Diego）Dominican School of Philosophy and Theology （Berkeley）Dominican University of California （San Rafael）Don Bosco Technical Institute （Rosemead）DVS College （Los Angeles）East Los Angeles College （Monterey Park）Eddie C. Snow & Associates, Inc. （Oakland）Edgewood College of California （Rosemead）EdNet Career Institute, Inc. （Woodland Hills）El Camino College （Torrance）Elegance International （Hollywood）Elegante Beauty College （Burbank）Elegante Beauty College （City of Industry）Elegante Beauty College （Lake Forest）Elegante Beauty College （Moreno）Elite Progressive School of （Sacramento）Empire College （Santa Rosa）English Center for International Women （Oakland）English Language Institute （San Francisco）Escuelas Leicester （Los Angeles）Estes Institute of Cosmetology Arts & Sciences （Visalia）Everest College （Rancho Cucamonga）Evergreen Valley College （San Jose）Fashion Careers of California College （San Diego）The Fashion Institute Of Design And Merchandising （Los Angeles）The Fashion Institute Of Design And Merchandising - Orange County （Irvine）The Fashion Institute Of Design And Merchandising （San Diego）The Fashion Institute Of Design And Merchandising （San Francisco）Feather River College （Quincy）Federico College of Hairstyling （Sacramento）Fielding Graduate Institute （Santa Barbara）Fleet Anti-Submarine Warfare Training Center （San Diego）Fleet Intelligence Training Center, Pacific （San Diego）FLS International （Pasadena）Foothill College （Los Altos Hills）Foothill-De Anza Community College District （Los Altos Hills）Foundation College （San Diego）Four-D College （Colton）Franciscan School of Theology （Berkeley）Fredrick and Charles Beauty College （Eureka）Fresno City College （Fresno）Fresno Pacific University （Fresno）Fuller Theological Seminary （Pasadena）Fullerton College （Fullerton）Galen College of Medical and （Fresno）Galen College of Medical and （Modesto）Galen College of Medical and （Visalia）Gates College （Redondo Beach）Gavilan College （Gilroy）Gemological Institute of America （Carlsbad）Gemological Institute of America （Los Angeles）GEOS English Academy （Costa Mesa）Glendale Career College （Glendale）Glendale Community College （Glendale）Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary （Mill Valley）Golden Gate University （San Francisco）Golden State College （Visalia）Golden West College （Huntington Beach）Golf Academy of San Diego （Vista）Graduate Theological Union （Berkeley）Grossmont College （El Cajon）Grossmont-Cuyamaca Community College District （El Cajon）Haggard School of Theology of Azusa Pacific University （Azusa）Hair California Beauty Academy （Orange）Hair Masters University of Beauty （San Bernadino）Hartnell College （Salinas）Harvey Mudd College （Claremont）Heald College （Concord）Heald College （Fresno）Heald College （Hayward）Heald College （Rancho Cordova）Heald College （Roseville）Heald College （Salinas）Heald College （San Francisco）Heald College, San Jose （Milpitas）Heald College （Stockton）Health Staff Training Institute （Riverside）Health Staff Training Institute （Santa Ana）Healthy Hair Academy Inc. （Inglewood）Heartwood Institute （Garberville）Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion （Los Angeles）High-Tech Institute （Sacramento）Hilltop Beauty School （Daly City）Holy Names College （Oakland）Hope International University （formerly Pacific Christian College）（Fullerton）Hsi Lai University （Rosemead）Humboldt State University （Arcata）Humphreys College （Stockton）Huntington College of Dental Technology （Westminster）Hypnosis Motivation Institute （Tarzana）ICDC College （Huntington Park）ICDC College （Los Angeles）ICDC College （Van Nuys）ICR Graduate School （Santee）Image Schools of Cosmetology, Inc. （Desert Hot Springs）Image Schools of Cosmetology, Inc. （Hemet）Imperial Valley College （Imperial）Inland Technical Skills Center - Branch Campus （Moreno Valley）Inland Technical Skills Center （Redlands）Institute for Business and Technology （Santa Clara）Institute of Computer Technology （Los Angeles）Institute of Network Technology （Signal Hill）Institute of Technology （Clovis）Institute of Technology （Modesto）Institute of Technology-Sacramento （Sacramento）Institute of Transpersonal Psychology （Palo Alto）Integrated Digital Technologies （Pasadena）InterCoast Colleges （Santa Ana）Interior Designers Institute （Newport Beach）International Academy of Cosmetology （South Gate）International Air Academy （Ontario）International Center for American English （La Jolla）International Christian Education （Los Angeles）International School of Beauty, Inc. （Palm Desert）International School of Cosmetology, Inc. （Hawthorne）International Technological University （Santa Clara）INTRAX English Institute （San Francisco）Irvine Valley College （Formerly Saddleback College, North Campus）（Irvine）ITT Technical Institute （Anaheim）ITT Technical Institute （Hayward）ITT Technical Institute （Lathrop）ITT Technical Institute （Oxnard）ITT Technical Institute （Rancho Cordova）ITT Technical Institute （San Bernardino）ITT Technical Institute （San Diego）ITT Technical Institute （Santa Clara）ITT Technical Institute （Sylmar）ITT Technical Institute （Torrance）ITT Technical Institute （West Covina）Ivory Dental T echnology College （Westminster）James Albert School of Cosmetology （Costa Mesa）James Albert & School of Cosmetology Inc. （Anaheim）Je Boutique College of Beauty （El Cajon）Jesuit School of Theology at Berkeley （Berkeley）John F. Kennedy University （Orinda）John Wesley International Barber and Beauty （Long Beach）Joint Intelligence Training Activity, Pacific （San Diego）Kensington College （Santa Ana）Kern Community College District （Bakersfield）Kim Anh Academy of Beauty （Westminster）The King's College （Los Angeles）The King's College and Seminary （Van Nuys）The King's Seminary （Van Nuys）L.A. Lan 2000 （Los Angeles）La Sierra University （Riverside）Laguna College of Art and Design （Laguna Beach）Lake Forest Beauty College （Lake Forest）Lake Tahoe Community College （South Lake Tahoe）Lancaster Beauty School （Lancaster）Laney College （Oakland）Language Studies International （San Diego）Las Positas College （Livermore）Lassen College （Susanville）Learning Tree University （Chatsworth）Liberty Training Institute （Los Angeles）Life Pacific College （San Dimas）Lincoln University （Oakland）Logos Evangelical Seminary （El Monte）Lola Beauty College （Garden Grove）Loma Linda University （Loma Linda）Long Beach City College （Long Beach）Los Angeles City College （Los Angeles）Los Angeles Community College District （Los Angeles）Los Angeles County College Of Nursing And Allied Health （Los Angeles）【。
50州音标表
美国50州音标表一、以字母a开头的州：Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas。
Alabama[ ✌●☜♌✌❍☜]n.阿拉巴马州Alaska[☜●✌♦☜] n.阿拉斯加州Arizona[ ✌❒♓☜◆⏹☜] n.亚利桑那州Arkansas[ ☜⏹♦] n.阿肯色州二、以C开头的州：California, Colorado, ConnecticutCalifornia[ ✌●♓♐⏹☜] n.加利福尼亚, 加州Colorado[ ●☜❒♎☜◆]美国科罗拉多州Connecticut[ ☜⏹♏♦♓☜♦]n. （美国）康涅狄格州三、以字母D、E、F、G、H开头的州（各一个）：Delaware, Florida, Georgia, HawaiiDelaware[ ♎♏●☜♦☪☜]n.(美国东部的)特拉华(州)Florida[ ♐●❒♓♎☜]n.佛罗里达Georgia[ ♎✞♎✞☜]n.乔治亚州Hawaii[♒♦♋♓♓]n.夏威夷四、以字母I开头的州：Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, IowaIdaho[ ♋✋♎☜♒☜☺]n.爱达荷州Illinois[ ♓●♓⏹♓☎✆]n.伊利诺斯州Indiana[ ♓⏹♎♓ ✌⏹☜]n.印地安那州Iowa[ ♋♓☜♦☜]n.爱荷华州五、以K、L开头的：Kansas, Kentucky，LouisianaKansas[ ✌⏹☜♦]n.堪萨斯州Kentucky[ ♏⏹♦✈♓]n.肯塔基州Louisiana[●◆☎✆♓♓✌⏹☜]n.路易斯安那, (美国南部的州名)六、以M开头的：Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, MontanaMaine[❍♏♓⏹]n.缅因州Maryland[ ❍☪☜❒♓●✌⏹♎]n.马里兰Massachusetts[ ❍✌♦☜♦☞◆♦♓♦♦]n.马萨诸塞州Michigan[ ❍✋☞✋♈☜⏹]n.密歇根州Minnesota[ ❍♓⏹♓♦☜◆♦☜]n.明尼苏达州Mississippi[ ❍♓♦♓♦♓☐♓]n.密西西比Missouri[❍♓◆☜❒♓]n.密苏里州Montana[❍⏹♦✌⏹☜]n.蒙大纳七、以N开头的：Nebraska，Nevada，New Hampshire，New Jersey，New Mexico，New York，North Carolina，North DakotaNebraska[⏹♓♌❒✌♦☜]n.内布拉斯加州Nevada[⏹♏♎☜]n.内华达州New Hampshire新罕布什尔州New Jersey[⏹◆ ♎✞☜♓]n.新泽西州New Mexico[⏹◆ ❍♏♦♓☜◆]n.美国新墨西哥州North Carolina[ ⏹✌❒☜●♋♓⏹☜]n.北卡罗来纳州Carolina[ ✌❒☜●♋♓⏹☜]n.卡罗莱纳州North Dakota[ ⏹ ♎☜☜◆♦☜]n.美国北达科他州八、以O开头的：Ohio，Oklahoma ，OregonOhio[☜◆♒♋♓☜◆]n.俄亥俄州Oklahoma[ ☜◆●☜♒☜◆❍☜]n.俄克拉荷马州Oregon[ ❒♓♈☜⏹]n.俄勒冈州九、以P、R、S开头的：Pennsylvania，Rhode Island，South Carolina，South DakotaPennsylvania[☐♏⏹♦♓●♏♓⏹☜ ⏹♓☜]n.宾夕法尼亚州Rhode Island[❒☜◆♎♋♓●☜⏹♎]n.罗得岛州South CarolinaSouth Dakota十、以T、U、V开头的：Tennessee，Texas，Utah，Vermont，Virginia Tennessee[ ♦♏⏹♏♦♓ ⏹☜]n.田纳西州Texas[ ♦♏♦☜♦]n.德克萨斯州Utah[ ◆♦]n.犹他州Vermont[ ☜❍⏹♦]n.佛蒙特州Virginia[ ☜☎✆♎✞♓⏹☜]n.维吉尼亚十一、以W开头的Washington[ ♦☞♓☠♦☜⏹]n.华盛顿West VirginiaWisconsin[♦♓♦⏹♦♓⏹]n.威斯康星州Wyoming[♦♋♓☜◆❍♓☠]n.怀俄明州。
California
California（加利福尼亚州）简称加州，位于美国西海岸，西临太平洋。
之所以把它单独拿出来说一说，是因为它虽然面积只是美国的第三大州，但在我看来，它的每一寸土地都能看到美景，都值得游玩。
在全美最值得游玩的50个城市中，加州就包含了八个，其中包括：Los Angesles（洛杉矶）、San Francisco（旧金山）、San Diego（圣地亚哥）、San Jose（硅谷）、Fresno（弗雷斯诺）、Sacramento（沙加缅度）、Long Beach（长滩）和Oakland（奥克兰）。
加州同时也包含了大大小小的公园，其中国家公园（National Park）就有八个。
先后去过加州两次，第一次走马观花地看了几个大城市和沿途风景；第二次从北到南开了一通，深度游了六个国家公园并且在San Diego（圣地亚哥）居住三个月。
在这三个月期间，周末大玩，平时小玩，可离开的时候依然觉得加州还有很多没有玩到的。
加州除了玩的地方多，也是中国人聚集的大城市之一，所以地道的中餐、中国韩国超市、新鲜的水果和中国的蔬菜也是应有尽有。
Los Angeles（洛杉矶）简称为L.A.，是加州南部的沿海城市，也是仅次于纽约的美国第二大城市。
在San Deigo（圣地亚哥）居住期间，先后去过洛杉矶不知道多少次，有时为了主题公园，有时只是简单地过去吃顿中餐，有时途经此处留宿个一两晚。
洛杉矶虽然是繁华的大城市，可不管怎样都对他没有太多好感；洛杉矶有各种景点和主题公园，可每次来都是行色匆匆；洛杉矶给我的感觉虽繁华，但冷漠，没有丝毫人情味；洛杉矶虽然比纽约更加整洁干净，却一样的拥挤，我想远离喧嚣。
向来不喜欢大城市的我，无论洛杉矶有再多吸引人的地方，也无法让我改变自己的喜好。
另外，南加州的司机也是无比疯狂。
本身限速每小时70英里的高速，司机们都开到90，如果只能开到80他们就说算堵车。
到了高峰的时候，那堵车的状况和北京有一拼，这个时候要拿出在北京开车的车技才能取胜。
美国加利福尼亚州
加利福尼亚State of California
• 加州是美国经济总量最大的州，2008年加州国民生产总 值19423亿美元，占到全美的14% • 如果作为独立经济体，它的国民生产总值在世界上排名第 八[3]，要比除美国、中国、德国、英国、日本、俄罗斯， 法国之外任何国家的都大，人均GDP达50699美元。 • • 加利福尼亚经济的主体是农业（包括水果、蔬菜、牛奶制 品和酒），农业规模是第二大产业的两倍多。 • • 农业之后其他重要的产业包括航空、娱乐（主要是电视， 虽然加州也出品很多电影）和轻工业，包括计算机硬件和 软件，以及硼砂开采。
加利福尼亚State of California
加利福尼亚State of California
California 重要城市
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 洛杉矶(Los Angeles) 好莱坞(Hollywood) 圣路易斯(San Luis Obispo) 圣塔巴巴拉(Santa Barbara) 阿罕布拉（Alhambra） 安那罕(Anaheim) 比佛利山庄(Beverley Hills) 大熊湖Big Bear City 康普顿(Compton) 科斯塔梅萨（Costa Mesa） 都柏林（Dublin) 长滩(Long Beach) 马利布（Malibu） Marina del Rey 蒙特利公园(Monterey Park) 帕洛阿尔托(Palo Alto) 帕萨迪纳(Pasadena) 波莫纳（Pomona） 普莱森顿（Pleasanton） 河滨市Riverside 柔似蜜Rosemead
California ——国家公园 • • • • • • • • 红木林国家公园(Redwoods National Park) 拉森火山国家公园(Lassen Volcanic National Park) 优胜美地国家公园(Yosemite National Park) 三王峡谷国家公园(Kings Canyon National Park) 红杉国家公园(Sequoia National Park) 死亡谷国家公园(Death Valley National Park) 约书亚树国家公园(Joshua Tree National Park) 海峡群岛国家公园(Channel Islands National Park)
California美国加利福尼亚州英文介绍
Location:California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. Nicknamed "The Golden State," it is the most populous and third-largest state by land area, after Alaska and Texas. California's diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast to the west, to the Sierra Nevada Mountains in the east, to the Mojave Desert areas in the southeast and to the Redwood–Douglas-fir forests of the northwest.Its five largest cities are Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, and Fresno.HistoryThe name California once referred to a large area of North America claimed by Spain .Beginning in the late 18th century, the area was colonized by the Spanish Empire as part of New Spain. In 1821, Alta California became a part of Mexico following its successful war for independence. American victory in the war led to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, in which Mexico ceded(Mexico ceded to the United States Upper California and New Mexico) Alta California to the United States. Western areas of Alta California became the state of California, which was admitted as the 31st state on September 9, 1850.languageSettled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, California was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas in pre-Columbian North America;IndustryMeanwhile, attracted to the mild Mediterranean climate, cheap land, and the state's wide variety of geography, filmmakers established the studio system in Hollywood in the 1920s. A couple of decades later, Stanford University and its Dean of Engineering Frederick Terman began encouraging faculty and graduates to stay in California instead of leaving the state, and develop a high-tech region in the area now known as Silicon Valley. As a result of these efforts, California is currently regarded as a world center of the entertainment and music industries, of technology and engineering businesses, and as the U.S. center of agricultural production.The Los Angeles Lakers are a National BasketballAssociation (NBA) team based in Los Angeles, California. Kobe Team captainI’m su re all of you out there are big fans of Hollywood. Who wouldn’t be? It has been the king of entertainment over many decades now and Hollywood has showcased some of the best actors our world has ever seen.Tiger Woodsis an American professional golfer whose achievements to date rank him among the most successful golfers of all time.Lawrence "Larry" Page[2] (born March 26, 1973) is an American computer scientist and industrialist who, with Sergey Brin, is best known as the co-founder of Google.。
加利福尼亚州（California）【精选】
加利福尼亚州（California）【精选】加利福尼亚州(California)加利福尼亚州california is full of natural wonders. here is death valley, 282 feet below sea level―the lowest land in the coun try. “general sherman” can be found in sequoia national park. the general is not a soldier, but the world’s olde st and biggest tree.there is a special kind of stargazing you can do in los angeles―watching hollywood movie stars at work. in los angeles, too, are california’s first “citizens”―fossils of the ice age. they were discovered in the tar pits of la brea one of the richest finds of prehistoric fossils ever unearthed. ahnost a million years ago, saber tooth tigers, giant sloths and other monsters stumbled into the pits where they were preserved forever in the sticky tar.furthere north, on the seacoast, is the vandenburg air base where guided missiles and satellites blast off. you travel quickly in california――from the ice age to the space age.“加利福尼亚州”英语作文译文：加利福尼亚到处是天然奇景。
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Three Prerequisites to Enforcement:
To be enforceable, a release must exhibit the following three characteristics: 1. It must be clear, unambiguous and explicit in expressing the intent of the parties; 2. The injury-causing act must be reasonably related to the object or purpose for which the release is given; and 3. The release cannot contravene public policy. 4. See Madison v. Superior Court, 203 Cal. App. 3d 589, 598 5. (2019).
California’s Public Policy Limitation on Exculpatory Releases
by Karen A. Henry
“Drafters of releases always face the problem of steering between the Scylla of simplicity and the Charybdis of completeness, … only on draftsman’s Olympus is it feasible to combine the elegance of a trust indenture with the brevity of a stop sign.” Nat’l & Int’l Brotherhood of Street Racers, Inc. v. Superior Court, 215 Cal. App. 3d 934, 938-939 (1989).
Claims That Cannot Be Released:
Fraud;
Negligent Misrepresentation; Violation of law;
Negligence Per Se (arising from an alleged
statutory violation); Any intentional tort; and Gross negligence (maybe; stay tuned…).
California Civil Code § 1668
“All contracts which have for their object,
directly or indirectly, to exempt anyone from responsibility for his own fraud, or willful injury to the person or property of another, or violation of law, whether willful or negligent, are against the policy of the law.”
What’s not on the list?
Section 1668 does not proscribe a contract that
releases a person/entity from liability for ordinary negligence, provided the transaction does not “involve the public interest.”
Against the policy of the law?
What does that mean?
An exculpatory provision is “against the policy of the law” if:
It violates the express language of Section 1668;
determine whether an agreement releasing liability for ordinary negligence is enforceable, courts are directed to examine “the overall transaction – with special emphasis upon the importance of the underlying service or program, and the relative bargaining relationship of the parties.” City of Santa Barbara v. Superior Court, 41 Cal. 4th 747, 762 (2019).
“Involves Public Interest?”
What does this mean?
How do you determine whether an exculpatory provision “involves the public interest?”
Examine the Nature of the Transaction: To
or It “involves the public interest.”
Violates the express language of Section 1668:
Section 1668 specifically proscribes contracts
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
that purport to release anyone from liability for fraud, willful injury to the person or property of another, or a violation of law. The following claims thus fall within the statute’s express language: