2013 Review of Assignment
忙着写作业英语
1.Review the Assignment Requirements:Start by carefully reading through the instructions for the assignment.Make sure you understand what is expected of you, including the format,word count,and any specific topics or questions you need to address.2.Gather Materials:Collect any textbooks,notes,or online resources that will be useful for your assignment.If youre working on a research paper,this might include academic articles,books,or reputable websites.3.Create an Outline:Before you start writing,organize your thoughts by creating an outline.This will help you structure your essay logically and ensure that you cover all the necessary points.4.Set a Schedule:Determine how much time you have to complete the assignment and create a schedule.Break down the task into smaller parts,such as research,drafting, revising,and proofreading.5.Conduct Research:If your assignment requires research,spend time gathering information from reliable sources.Take notes and keep track of where you found your information for citation purposes.6.Write the Draft:Start writing your assignment,following the outline you created.Dont worry about making it perfect at this stage focus on getting your ideas down on paper.7.Revise Your Work:Once you have a complete draft,go through it to check for clarity, coherence,and consistency.Make sure your arguments are wellsupported and that your essay flows logically from one point to the next.8.Check for Errors:Look for any grammatical,spelling,or punctuation errors.Also, ensure that your citations and references are formatted correctly according to the required style guide APA,MLA,etc..9.Get Feedback:If possible,ask a classmate,friend,or family member to read your assignment and provide feedback.They might spot errors or areas for improvement that you missed.10.Finalize Your Assignment:Incorporate the feedback you received and make any necessary changes.Proofread your work one last time to ensure it is polished and professional.11.Submit Your Assignment:Once you are satisfied with your work,submit it according to your instructors guidelines.Make sure to doublecheck the submission deadline and any specific submission instructions.Remember,writing an assignment is a process that involves multiple steps.By breaking it down and approaching it methodically,you can produce highquality work that meets the assignments requirements.。
awaiting reviewer selection与assignment
awaiting reviewer selection与assignment Awaiting reviewer selection and assignment is a crucial phase in the publication process of any research paper or academic article. This stage marks the transition from the initial submission of the manuscript to the formal evaluation by experts in the relevant field. It involves the careful selection of reviewers who possess the necessary expertise and qualifications to provide meaningful and constructive feedback on the work.等待审稿人选择和分配是任何研究论文或学术文章发表过程中的关键阶段。
这一阶段标志着从手稿的初步提交到相关领域专家正式评审的过渡。
它涉及仔细选择具备必要专业知识和资格的审稿人，以便他们能够提供有意义且建设性的反馈。
During this period, the editors of the journal or publishing house assess the manuscript, ensuring it meets the basic criteria for publication, such as its relevance to the journal's scope, the quality of the research, and the adherence to academic standards and ethical guidelines. Once the manuscript is deemed suitable for review, the next step is to identify potential reviewers.在此期间，期刊或出版机构的编辑会评估手稿，确保其满足出版的基本标准，例如与期刊范围的相关性、研究质量以及对学术标准和道德规范的遵守。
英语推荐信及翻译英语推荐信翻译(精选八篇)
英语推荐信及翻译英语推荐信翻译(精选八篇)最后十几天就开始背大题了，虽然三位老师的资料我都买了，但我全心全意背了腿姐。
腿姐和涛涛课上都会告诉大家，套卷和押题的逻辑，不管背什么都是语料，而从考生的角度，我认为腿姐给的答案素材是考场上最好上手、也最容易根据试卷随机应变的。
其实后来会觉得没太大必要，但是考试之前能做的努力都会扑腾一下，个别知识点上起到一个互为补充的作用。
这种资料肯定不如三位大咖原汁原味的答案有逻辑，但是如果什么课都没上重在参与的选手也可以拿来救命一下。
最后两周，冲刺、押题课讲义我每天都放在枕边，每天背一遍。
我想如果在八月的时候告诉我，这样才能考上，我大概也会放弃考研了。
不要去想怎么可能做得到，有想的功夫不如先去行动。
和背单词一样，不用死记硬背，何况还是中文，编也能八九不离十。
这是我考托福、gre背单词时养成的习惯，过遍数，每一遍都不死扣，白天放空、休息时会回忆大概意思、关键词，实在没有头绪的会重点记忆一下。
理解意思和逻辑很重要，前几天是读着背，最后两三天自然而然就能说出来了。
最后的几天，我是仍然是每天两小时投入的复习政治，并没有像许多同学那样半天的时间都压在政治上。
早上用一个小时背/读一半，晚上再用一个小时把剩下一半背/读完。
但是在吃饭、溜达的时候都会听之前的带背或者回忆早晚不熟悉或者觉得不通畅的部分。
其实，最后十几天里要是能再坚持看背诵手册或许会更好，但是考前难免会被焦虑侵占，所以尽力而为了。
考试前两天晚上，看了之前准备的研木易木子的选择题汇总，听了腿腿子考前事无巨细的叮嘱，唠叨贴心且实用。
针对今年的考卷，应该说各位老师都cover住了，自信的说十二月上旬做完套卷的时候，感觉自己的选择题掌握的还不错，最后冲刺时还是有些忽视了选择题。
考后对了涛涛的答案估分，选择题算上错误的和不确定的大概37+，总分73，总分大约是选择题分数2，所以估分还算比较准。
但是考试时，因为怕所谓的旱区压分，我是真的把马原和毛中特两道题的答题纸都写满了，感觉有些浪费时间，导致时政题只剩下六七分钟，第二问就写了两三行，时间分配有些不合理。
英文Assignment和Dissertation的写作细节(珍藏版)
英文Assignment和Dissertation的写作细节（珍藏版）Dissertation一、Dissertation大体结构1.首先是Cover Page，即封面，包括论文的题目，作者姓名，所在学院，学校和上交时间等信息。
2.Declaration，也就是声明，“我声明，所有成果除了我已经注释的，其他均为我自己的研究成果，没有剽窃他人的”，之后是上交时间，指导导师，签名，学院等。
3.Acknowledgment，写要感谢的人，导师是必须要感谢的，当然还可以感谢其他人，这个随意。
4.Content，目录，这个要两端对其，整体格式一致，用Word中的目录索引功能自动生成。
一般三级目录就可以了。
比如3，3.1，3.1.2。
5.List of Figures，也就是所有图片的一个目录，包括所有在论文中出现的图片标题，不要把图片也贴上，只要标题。
比如：1.1 XXXX标题名称2.1 XXXX标题名称6.List of T ables，和上面类似，就是表格的目录。
(注：以上内容的页码为罗马数字，从下面的Abstract开始，为阿拉伯数字并从1重新开始，这个在word中可以设置。
目录第一条从Introduction开始，而不是Abstract，切记。
）7.Abstract，也就是摘要。
一般50-60页的论文摘要1页以内即可，最好控制在半页到3/4页，不要多。
8.Introduction，介绍部分。
9.Background 或者Literature Review，题目只要涉及这些方面即可，一般是这两个。
内容也是。
(具体写作我后面会具体说)。
10.Proposed Method也就是主体部分，题目自定或者问问导师，但是内容是你的研究成果的描述。
11.Analytical and T est Results，分析和测试结果，题目自定，内容主要就是测试结果。
12.Discussion,对结果产生的分析和解释，也有并入上面的一说。
英文文章审稿流程
英文文章审稿流程The process of peer review for an English article involves several steps to ensure the quality and validity of the research. Here is a detailed description of the peer review process:1. Submission: The author submits the article to a journal for consideration. The editor reviews the submission to determine if it meets the journal's scope and guidelines.2. Assignment: The editor assigns the article to one or more reviewers who have expertise in the subject matter. Reviewers are usually researchers or scholars in the same field.3. Review: Reviewers read the article carefully to evaluate its quality, originality, methodology, and significance. They provide feedback on the strengths and weaknesses of the research.4. Decision: Based on the reviewers' comments, theeditor makes a decision on whether to accept the article,request revisions, or reject it. The author is informed of the decision along with the reviewers' comments.5. Revision: If revisions are requested, the author revises the article according to the reviewers' feedbackand resubmits it for further review.6. Final decision: The editor makes a final decision on the revised article, taking into account the reviewers' comments and the author's revisions. The article is either accepted for publication or rejected.7. Publication: If the article is accepted, it is published in the journal and made available to thescientific community for reading and citation.中文翻译：英文文章的审稿流程涉及多个步骤，以确保研究的质量和有效性。
国自然评审专家的分配流程和依据
国自然评审专家的分配流程和依据1.专家分配流程首先需要对审稿人员进行资格审查。
The process of assigning experts first requires qualification review of the reviewers.2.依据专家的学术领域和研究方向对其进行分类和归类。
Experts are classified and categorized based on their academic fields and research directions.3.根据稿件的主题和内容匹配相应领域的专家进行分配。
Experts in the corresponding fields are assigned based on the topics and content of the manuscripts.4.确保每个审稿专家在其擅长的领域内进行评审工作。
Ensure that each reviewer carries out the review work within their areas of expertise.5.审稿专家的分配要考虑到其学术声誉和研究成果。
The assignment of reviewers should consider theiracademic reputation and research achievements.6.评审专家的分配还要充分考虑其审稿经验和能力。
The assignment of reviewers must also fully considertheir review experience and capabilities.7.对于一些具有争议性或特殊性的稿件，可能需要多位审稿专家共同评审。
For some controversial or special manuscripts, it may be necessary for multiple reviewers to conduct the review together.8.专家分配流程需要保证公正、客观和科学。
翻译技巧(2)词类转换法
I. Review and comments on the assignment 狗的主人们，请别买那种带卷轴的牵狗皮带。 狗的主人们，请别买那种带卷轴的牵狗皮带。 这种皮带要占上近40英尺长的人行道。 这种皮带要占上近 英尺长的人行道。 英尺长的人行道 给自己省点钱吧，你就别用这种皮带来把行人绊倒吧， 给自己省点钱吧，你就别用这种皮带来把行人绊倒吧， Dog owners; please don’t buy that leash-on-a干脆用大棒算了。 干脆用大棒算了。 reel thing that takes up 40ft. of sidewalk. Save 我把你的狗说成无性别区分的“ 我把你的狗说成无性别区分的“它”的时候 yourself some money: let your dog run free and 难道我还得从你那叭儿狗的趾高气扬的步伐中 你干吗要生气？ 你干吗要生气？ use a看出某种女性的气质来吗？ with instead. large stick to trip people 看出某种女性的气质来吗？ And why do you get offended when I refer to your dog as “it”? Was it supposed to be checking out its genitals the whole time? Or am I just supposed to get some kind of feminine vibe from your bulldog’s strut?
I. Review and comments on the assignment 我认识的一个妇人每年都给她的狗们 举行类似犹太男孩成人仪式． 举行类似犹太男孩成人仪式． 即使是从宗教的角度来看这也是不正确的。 即使是从宗教的角度来看这也是不正确的。 人们还为他们的狗织衣服。 人们还为他们的狗织衣服。 A woman I know throws her dogs a Bar Mitzvah 我可从来没有织过什么东西。 我可从来没有织过什么东西。 如果结婚意味着织衣服，而不是买只戒指， 如果结婚意味着织衣服 correct on a religious every year. That’s not even ，而不是买只戒指， 不过，那么就会出现更多的婚外生育。 编织似乎是件很严肃而费劲的事。 不过 People knit their dogs things. Now 编织似乎是件很严肃而费劲的事 level.，那么就会出现更多的婚外生育。 。 I’ve never knitted anything, but it looks like a pretty serious endeavor. If getting married meant knitting something instead of buying a ring, there would be even more out-of –wedlock births.
AUD_ISRE_2410_-_Review_of_Interim_Financial_Information_Performed_by_the_Independent_Auditor_of_the_
ISRE 2410July 2005 International Standard on ReviewEngagements 2410Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the EntityConforming AmendmentsMission of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC)To serve the public interest,IFAC will continue to strengthen the worldwide accountancy profession and contribute to the development of strong international economies by establishing and promoting adherence to high-quality professional standards, furthering the international convergence of such standards and speaking out on public interest issues where the profession’s expertise is most relevant.International Federation of Accountants545 Fifth Avenue, 14th FloorNew York, New York 10017, USAFax: +1 (212) 286-9570E-mail: IAASBpubs@Copyright © July 2005 by IFAC. All rights reserved. Permission is granted to make copies of this work provided that such copies are for use in academic classrooms or for personal use and are not sold or disseminated and provided further that each copy bears the following credit line: “Copyright © by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC). All rights reserved. Used by permission.” Otherwise, written permission from IFAC is required to reproduce, store or transmit this document, except as permitted by law. Contact permissions@.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ON REVIEW ENGAGEMENTS 2410REVIEW OF INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION PERFORMED BY THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR OF THE ENTITY(Effective for reviews of interim financial information for periodsbeginning on or after December 15, 2006.Earlier adoption is permissible.)CONTENTSParagraphIntroduction...................................................................................................... 1-3General Principles of a Review of Interim Financial Information....................4-6Objective of an Engagement to Review InterimFinancial Information ...............................................................................7-9Agreeing the Terms of the Engagement ...........................................................10-11Procedures for a Review of Interim Financial Information..............................12-29Evaluation of Misstatements............................................................................. 30-33Management Representations........................................................................... 34-35Auditor’s Responsibility for Accompanying Information................................36-37Communication................................................................................................. 38-42Reporting the Nature, Extent and Results of the Review of Interim Financial Information................................................................................................ 43-63 Documentation.. (64)Effective Date (65)Appendix 1: Example of an Engagement Letter for a Review ofInterim Financial InformationAppendix 2: Analytical Procedures the Auditor May Consider WhenPerforming a Review of Interim Financial InformationAppendix 3: Example of a Management Representation LetterAppendix 4: Examples of Review Reports on Interim Financial InformationAppendix 5: Examples of Review Reports with a Qualified Conclusion for a Departure from the Applicable Financial Reporting FrameworkAppendix 6: Examples of Review Reports with a Qualified Conclusion for a Limitation on Scope Not Imposed by Management1REVIEW OF INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION PERFORMEDBY THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR OF THE ENTITYAppendix 7: Examples of Review Reports with an Adverse Conclusion for a Departure from the Applicable Financial Reporting FrameworkInternational Standard on Review Engagements (ISRE) 2410, “Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity” should be read in the context of the “Preface to the International Standards on Quality Control, Auditing, Assurance and Related Services,” which sets out the application and authority of ISREs.2REVIEW OF INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION PERFORMEDBY THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR OF THE ENTITYIntroduction1. The purpose of this International Standard on Review Engagements (ISRE) is toestablish standards and provide guidance on the auditor’s professional responsibilities when the auditor undertakes an engagement to review interimfinancial information of an audit client, and on the form and content of the report. The term “auditor” is used throughout this ISRE, not because the auditoris performing an audit function but because the scope of this ISRE is limited toa review of interim financial information performed by the independent auditorof the financial statements of the entity.2. For purposes of this ISRE, interim financial information is financial informationthat is prepared and presented in accordance with an applicable financial reporting framework1 and comprises either a complete or a condensed set offinancial statements for a period that is shorter than the entity’s financial year.3. The auditor who is engaged to perform a review of interim financialinformation should perform the review in accordance with this ISRE.Through performing the audit of the annual financial statements, the auditor obtains an understanding of the entity and its environment, including its internalcontrol. When the auditor is engaged to review the interim financial information, this understanding is updated through inquiries made in the courseof the review, and assists the auditor in focusing the inquiries to be made andthe analytical and other review procedures to be applied. A practitioner who isengaged to perform a review of interim financial information, and who is notthe auditor of the entity, performs the review in accordance with ISRE 2400,“Engagements to Review Financial Statements.” As the practitioner does notordinarily have the same understanding of the entity and its environment, including its internal control, as the auditor of the entity, the practitioner needsto carry out different inquiries and procedures to meet the objective of the review.General Principles of a Review of Interim Financial Information 4. The auditor should comply with the ethical requirements relevant to theaudit of the annual financial statements of the entity. These ethical requirements govern the auditor’s professional responsibilities in the followingareas: independence, integrity, objectivity, professional competence and due care, confidentiality, professional behavior, and technical standards.5. The auditor should implement quality control procedures that areapplicable to the individual engagement. The elements of quality control thatare relevant to an individual engagement include leadership responsibilities for1For example, International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.1REVIEW OF INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION PERFORMEDBY THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR OF THE ENTITYquality on the engagement, ethical requirements, acceptance and continuance ofclient relationships and specific engagements, assignment of engagement teams,engagement performance, and monitoring.6. The auditor should plan and perform the review with an attitude ofprofessional skepticism,recognizing that circumstances may exist that cause the interim financial information to require a material adjustmentfor it to be prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework. An attitude of professional skepticism means that the auditor makes a critical assessment, with a questioning mind, of the validity of evidence obtained and is alert to evidencethat contradicts or brings into question the reliability of documents or representations by management of the entity.Objective of an Engagement to Review Interim Financial Information7.The objective of an engagement to review interim financial information is toenable the auditor to express a conclusion whether, on the basis of the review,anything has come to the auditor’s attention that causes the auditor to believethat the interim financial information is not prepared, in all material respects, inaccordance with an applicable financial reporting framework. The auditor makes inquiries, and performs analytical and other review procedures in orderto reduce to a moderate level the risk of expressing an inappropriate conclusionwhen the interim financial information is materially misstated.8.The objective of a review of interim financial information differs significantlyfrom that of an audit conducted in accordance with International Standards onAuditing (ISAs). A review of interim financial information does not provide abasis for expressing an opinion whether the financial information gives a trueand fair view, or is presented fairly, in all material respects, in accordance withan applicable financial reporting framework.9. A review, in contrast to an audit, is not designed to obtain reasonable assurancethat the interim financial information is free from material misstatement. A review consists of making inquiries, primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures. A review may bring significant matters affecting the interim financial information to the auditor’s attention, but it does not provide all of theevidence that would be required in an audit.Agreeing the Terms of the Engagement10. The auditor and the client should agree on the terms of the engagement.11. The agreed terms of the engagement are ordinarily recorded in an engagementletter. Such a communication helps to avoid misunderstandings regarding the nature of the engagement and, in particular, the objective and scope of the2REVIEW OF INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION PERFORMEDBY THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR OF THE ENTITY3review, management’s responsibilities, the extent of the auditor’s responsibilities, the assurance obtained, and the nature and form of the report. The communication ordinarily covers the following matters:•The objective of a review of interim financial information. •The scope of the review. •Management’s responsibility for the interim financial information. • Management’s responsibility for establishing and maintaining effectiveinternal control relevant to the preparation of interim financialinformation.• Management’s responsibility for making all financial records and relatedinformation available to the auditor.• Management’s agreement to provide written representations to theauditor to confirm representations made orally during the review, as wellas representations that are implicit in the entity’s records.• The anticipated form and content of the report to be issued, including theidentity of the addressee of the report.•Management’s agreement that where any document containing interimfinancial information indicates that the interim financial information hasbeen reviewed by the entity’s auditor, the review report will also beincluded in the document. An illustrative engagement letter is set out in Appendix 1 to this ISRE. The terms of engagement to review interim financial information can also be combined with the terms of engagement to audit the annual financial statements.Procedures for a Review of Interim Financial InformationUnderstanding the Entity and its Environment, Including its Internal Control12. The auditor should have an understanding of the entity and itsenvironment, including its internal control, as it relates to the preparation of both annual and interim financial information, sufficient to plan and conduct the engagement so as to be able to:(a) Identify the types of potential material misstatement and consider thelikelihood of their occurrence; and(b) Select the inquiries, analytical and other review procedures that willprovide the auditor with a basis for reporting whether anything hascome to the auditor’s attention that causes the auditor to believe thatthe interim financial information is not prepared, in all materialREVIEW OF INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION PERFORMEDBY THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR OF THE ENTITY4respects, in accordance with the applicable financial reportingframework.13. As required by ISA 315, “Understanding the Entity and its Environment andAssessing the Risks of Material Misstatement,” the auditor who has audited the entity’s financial statements for one or more annual periods has obtained an understanding of the entity and its environment, including its internal control, as it relates to the preparation of annual financial information that was sufficient to conduct the audit. In planning a review of interim financial information, the auditor updates this understanding. The auditor also obtains a sufficient understanding of internal control as it relates to the preparation of interim financial information as it may differ from internal control as it relates to annual financial information.14. The auditor uses the understanding of the entity and its environment, includingits internal control, to determine the inquiries to be made and the analytical and other review procedures to be applied, and to identify the particular events, transactions or assertions to which inquiries may be directed or analytical or other review procedures applied.15. The procedures performed by the auditor to update the understanding of theentity and its environment, including its internal control, ordinarily include the following:• Reading the documentation, to the extent necessary, of the precedingyear’s audit and reviews of prior interim period(s) of the current year andcorresponding interim period(s) of the prior year, to enable the auditor toidentify matters that may affect the current-period interim financialinformation.• Considering any significant risks, including the risk of managementoverride of controls, that were identified in the audit of the prior year’sfinancial statements.• Reading the most recent annual and comparable prior period interimfinancial information.• Considering materiality with reference to the applicable financialreporting framework as it relates to interim financial information to assistin determining the nature and extent of the procedures to be performedand evaluating the effect of misstatements.• Considering the nature of any corrected material misstatements and anyidentified uncorrected immaterial misstatements in the prior year’sfinancial statements.• Considering significant financial accounting and reporting matters thatmay be of continuing significance such as material weaknesses in internalcontrol.REVIEW OF INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION PERFORMEDBY THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR OF THE ENTITY5• Considering the results of any audit procedures performed with respect tothe current year’s financial statements.• Considering the results of any internal audit performed and the subsequentactions taken by management.• Inquiring of management about the results of management’s assessment ofthe risk that the interim financial information may be materially misstatedas a result of fraud.• Inquiring of management about the effect of changes in the entity’sbusiness activities.• Inquiring of management about any significant changes in internal controland the potential effect of any such changes on the preparation of interimfinancial information.•Inquiring of management of the process by which the interim financialinformation has been prepared and the reliability of the underlyingaccounting records to which the interim financial information is agreed orreconciled. 16. The auditor determines the nature of the review procedures, if any, to beperformed for components and, where applicable, communicates these matters to other auditors involved in the review. Factors to be considered include the materiality of, and risk of misstatement in, the interim financial information of components, and the auditor’s understanding of the extent to which internal control over the preparation of such information is centralized or decentralized.17. In order to plan and conduct a review of interim financial information, arecently appointed auditor, who has not yet performed an audit of the annual financial statements in accordance with ISAs, should obtain an understanding of the entity and its environment, including its internal control, as it relates to the preparation of both annual and interim financial information.18. This understanding enables the auditor to focus the inquiries made, and theanalytical and other review procedures applied in performing a review of interim financial information in accordance with this ISRE. As part of obtaining this understanding, the auditor ordinarily makes inquiries of the predecessor auditor and, where practicable, reviews the predecessor auditor’s documentation for the preceding annual audit, and for any prior interim periods in the current year that have been reviewed by the predecessor auditor. In doing so, the auditor considers the nature of any corrected misstatements, and any uncorrected misstatements aggregated by the predecessor auditor, any significant risks, including the risk of management override of controls, and significant accounting and any reporting matters that may be of continuing significance, such as material weaknesses in internal control.REVIEW OF INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION PERFORMEDBY THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR OF THE ENTITY6Inquiries, Analytical and Other Review Procedures19. The auditor should make inquiries, primarily of persons responsible forfinancial and accounting matters, and perform analytical and other review procedures to enable the auditor to conclude whether, on the basis of the procedures performed, anything has come to the auditor’s attention that causes the auditor to believe that the interim financial information is not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework.20. A review ordinarily does not require tests of the accounting records throughinspection, observation or confirmation. Procedures for performing a review of interim financial information are ordinarily limited to making inquiries, primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures, rather than corroborating information obtained concerning significant accounting matters relating to the interim financial information. The auditor’s understanding of the entity and its environment, including its internal control, the results of the risk assessments relating to the preceding audit and the auditor’s consideration of materiality as it relates to the interim financial information, affects the nature and extent of the inquiries made, and analytical and other review procedures applied.21. The auditor ordinarily performs the following procedures:• Reading the minutes of the meetings of shareholders, those charged withgovernance, and other appropriate committees to identify matters that mayaffect the interim financial information, and inquiring about matters dealtwith at meetings for which minutes are not available that may affect theinterim financial information.• Considering the effect, if any, of matters giving rise to a modification ofthe audit or review report, accounting adjustments or unadjustedmisstatements, at the time of the previous audit or reviews.• Communicating, where appropriate, with other auditors who areperforming a review of the interim financial information of the reportingentity’s significant components.• Inquiring of members of management responsible for financial andaccounting matters, and others as appropriate about the following:o Whether the interim financial information has been prepared andpresented in accordance with the applicable financial reportingframework.oWhether there have been any changes in accounting principles or inthe methods of applying them.o Whether any new transactions have necessitated the application of a new accounting principle.o Whether the interim financial information contains any known uncorrected misstatements.o Unusual or complex situations that may have affected the interim financial information, such as a business combination or disposal ofa segment of the business.o Significant assumptions that are relevant to the fair value measurement or disclosures and management’s intention and abilityto carry out specific courses of action on behalf of the entity.o Whether related party transactions have been appropriately accounted for and disclosed in the interim financial information.o Significant changes in commitments and contractual obligations.o Significant changes in contingent liabilities including litigation or claims.o Compliance with debt covenants.o Matters about which questions have arisen in the course of applying the review procedures.o Significant transactions occurring in the last several days of the interim period or the first several days of the next interim period.o Knowledge of any fraud or suspected fraud affecting the entity involving:−Management;−Employees who have significant roles in internal control; or−Others where the fraud could have a material effect on the interim financial information.o Knowledge of any allegations of fraud, or suspected fraud, affecting the entity’s interim financial information communicated byemployees, former employees, analysts, regulators, or others.o Knowledge of any actual or possible noncompliance with laws and regulations that could have a material effect on the interim financialinformation.•Applying analytical procedures to the interim financial information designed to identify relationships and individual items that appear to be unusual and that may reflect a material misstatement in the interim7financial information. Analytical procedures may include ratio analysisand statistical techniques such as trend analysis or regression analysis andmay be performed manually or with the use of computer-assistedtechniques. Appendix 2 to this ISRE contains examples of analyticalprocedures the auditor may consider when performing a review of interimfinancial information.•Reading the interim financial information, and considering whether anything has come to the auditor’s attention that causes the auditor tobelieve that the interim financial information is not prepared, in allmaterial respects, in accordance with the applicable financial reportingframework.22. The auditor may perform many of the review procedures before orsimultaneously with the entity’s preparation of the interim financial information. For example, it may be practicable to update the understanding of the entity and its environment, including its internal control, and begin reading applicable minutes before the end of the interim period. Performing some of the review procedures earlier in the interim period also permits early identification and consideration of significant accounting matters affecting the interim financial information.23. The auditor performing the review of interim financial information is alsoengaged to perform an audit of the annual financial statements of the entity. For convenience and efficiency, the auditor may decide to perform certain audit procedures concurrently with the review of interim financial information. For example, information gained from reading the minutes of meetings of the board of directors in connection with the review of the interim financial information also may be used for the annual audit. The auditor may also decide to perform, at the time of the interim review, auditing procedures that would need to be performed for the purpose of the audit of the annual financial statements, for example, performing audit procedures on significant or unusual transactions that occurred during the period, such as business combinations, restructurings, or significant revenue transactions.24. A review of interim financial information ordinarily does not requirecorroborating the inquiries about litigation or claims. It is, therefore, ordinarily not necessary to send an inquiry letter to the entity’s lawyer. Direct communication with the entity’s lawyer with respect to litigation or claims may, however, be appropriate if a matter comes to the auditor’s attention that causes the auditor to question whether the interim financial information is not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework, and the auditor believes the entity’s lawyer may have pertinent information.25. The auditor should obtain evidence that the interim financial informationagrees or reconciles with the underlying accounting records. The auditor8may obtain evidence that the interim financial information agrees or reconciles with the underlying accounting records by tracing the interim financial information to:(a)The accounting records, such as the general ledger, or a consolidatingschedule that agrees or reconciles with the accounting records; and(b)Other supporting data in the entity’s records as necessary.26. The auditor should inquire whether management has identified all eventsup to the date of the review report that may require adjustment to or disclosure in the interim financial information. It is not necessary for the auditor to perform other procedures to identify events occurring after the date of the review report.27. The auditor should inquire whether management has changed itsassessment of the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern.When, as a result of this inquiry or other review procedures, the auditor becomes aware of events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern, the auditor should:(a)Inquire of management as to its plans for future actions based on itsgoing concern assessment, the feasibility of these plans, and whethermanagement believes that the outcome of these plans will improvethe situation; and(b)Consider the adequacy of the disclosure about such matters in theinterim financial information.28. Events or conditions which may cast significant doubt on the entity’s ability tocontinue as a going concern may have existed at the date of the annual financial statements or may be identified as a result of inquiries of management or in the course of performing other review procedures. When such events or conditions come to the auditor’s attention, the auditor inquires of management as to its plans for future action, such as its plans to liquidate assets, borrow money or restructure debt, reduce or delay expenditures, or increase capital. The auditor also inquires as to the feasibility of management’s plans and whether management believes that the outcome of these plans will improve the situation.However, it is not ordinarily necessary for the auditor to corroborate the feasibility of management’s plans and whether the outcome of these plans will improve the situation.29. When a matter comes to the auditor’s attention that leads the auditor toquestion whether a material adjustment should be made for the interim financial information to be prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework, the auditor should make additional inquiries or perform other procedures to enable the auditor to express a conclusion in the review report. For example, if the9。
知识作文之知识产权合同英文版本
知识产权合同英文版本【篇一：知识产权专业术语中英文对照】知识产权专业术语中英文对照世界贸易组织《wto》 worldtradeorganization关税及贸易总协定《gatt》general agreementontariffsandtrade 亚太经济合作组织《apec》asiapacificeconomiccooperation与贸易有关的知识产权协议《trips》agreementontraderelatedaspectsofintellectualpropertyrights 世界知识产权组织《wipo》worldintellectualpropertyorganization保护知识产权联合国际局internationalboardofintellectualpropertyright 保护工业产权巴黎公约parisconventionfortheprotectionofindustrialproperty商标国际注册马德里协定madridagreementconcerningtheinternationalregistrationofmar ks 商标注册条约《trt》trademarkregistrationtreaty商标注册用商品与国际分类尼斯协定niceagreementconcerningtheinternationalclassificationofggod sand servicesforthepurposeoftheregistrationofmarks建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定viennaagreementforestablishingand internationalclassficationofthefigurativeelementsofmarks 专利合作条约《pct》patentco－operationtreaty共同体专利公约community产patentconvention斯特拉斯堡协定《sa》strasbourgagreement工业外观设计国际保存海牙协定thehague agreementconcerningtheinternationaldepositofindustrialdesig ns工业外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定locarnoagreement onestablishingandinternationalclassificationforindustrialdesig ns商标，外观设计与地理标记法律常设委员会（sct）standingcommitteeonthelawoftrademarks，industrial designandgergraphicalindication国际专利文献中心《inpadoc》internationalpatentdocumentationcenter 欧洲专利局《epo》europeanpatentoffice欧洲专利公约 european patentconvention比荷卢商标局trademarkoffiiceofbelgium－holland－luxemburg 法语非洲知识产权组织 organizationof africanintellectualproperty 国际商标协会theinternationaltrademarkassociation中华人民共和国商标法 ttrademarklaw ofthepeoplesrepublicofchina 英国商标法trademarklawofunitedkingdomofgreatbritainandnorthernirelan d 美国商标法trademarklawoftheunitedstatesofamerica日本商标法japanesetrademarklaw商标trademark商标局 trademarkofficce商标法trademarklaw文字商标 wordmark图形商标 figurativemark组合商标associatedmark保证商标 certificationmark集体商标 collectivemark驰名商标well－knownmark著名商标 famouysmark近似商标 similarmark防御商标defensivemark服务标记 servicemark注册商标 registeredmark商标注册申请人trademarkregistrant注册申请日 applicationdateoftrademark注册申请号applicationnumber商标注册证 trademarkregistrationcertificate商标注册号trademarkregistrationnumber商标注册日 trademarkregistrationdate商标注册簿trademarkregisteredbook注册有效期 thetermofvalidity商标注册官examinationfortrademarkregistration注册查询 trademarkenquiries注册续展renewaloftrademark分别申请 separateapplication重新申请newregistration别行申请 newapplication变更申请applicationregardingchanges注册代理 trademarkagency注册公告trademarkpublication申请注册 applicationforregistration续展注册renewalofregistration转让注册registrationofassignment变更注册人名义／地址／其它注册事项modificationofname／addressofregistrant／othermatters补发商标证书reissuanceofregistrationcertificate注销注册商标 removal证明 certification异议 opposition使用许可合同备案recordaloflicensecontract驳回商标复审 reviewofrefusedtrademark驳回续展复审reviewofrefusedrenewal驳回转让复审 reviewofrefusedassignment撤销商标复审reviewofadjudicationonopposition异议复审reviewofadjudicationonopposition争议裁定adjudicationondisputedregisteredtrademark撤销注册不当裁定adjudicationoncancellationofimproperlyregisteredtrademark 撤销注册不当复审reviewoncancellationofimproperlyregisteredtrademark处理商标纠纷案件dealingwithinfringement优先权 priority注册申请优先日dateofpriority注册商标使用人 userofregisteredtrademark注册商标专用权exclusiverighttouseregisteredtrademark 注册商标的转让assignmentofregisteredtrademark商标的许可使用licensingofregisteredtrademark使用在先原则principleoffirsttouse注册在先原则principleoffirstapplication商标国际分类internationalclassficationofgoods专利 patent专利权 patentright专利权人patentee专利代理patentagency产品专利 productpatent专利性 patentablity专利申请权 righttoapplyforapatent实用新颖utilitymodel专有性 monopoly专利的新颖性 noveltyofpatent专利的实用性practicalapplicability专利的创造性 inventive专利文件 patentdocument专利申请文件patentapplicationdocument专利请求书 patentrequest专利说明书patentspecification专利要求书 patentclaim专利证书 letterofpatent商标淡化法trademarkdilutionact商标权的权利穷竭 exhaustiontrademark 平行进口parallelimport灰色进口 grayimport反向假冒 reversepassing－off显行反向假冒expressreversepassing－off 隐形反向假冒impliedreversepassing－off 附带使用collateraluse知识产权 intellecturlproperty工业产权industrialproperty外观设计 design发明人 inventor货源标记indicationofsource原产地名称 appellationoforigin（aos）地理标记geopraphicalindication（gis）【篇二：国际专利许可合同英文版】patent license contractcon tract no:conclusion date:conclusion place:indexarticle 1 defininitions article 9 guarantees and claimsarticle 2 scope of the contract article 10confidentialityarticle 3 price of the contract article 11infringementsarticle 4 conditions of payment article 12 taxes anddutiesarticfe 5 technical service and training article 13 forcemajeure article 6 technical documentation article 14 arbitrationarticle 7 verification and acceptance article 15 app1icable law article 8 technical improvement article 16 durationappendixesappendis 1 name， content of patent documents and application of the patentsappendix 2 models， specifications and technical lndices of the contract productappendix 3 the starting date and counting methods of royaltyappendix 4 the content and method of licensor’s auditing appendix 5 training of party a’s personnelappendix 6 technical service or specialist send by party bappendix 7 verification and acceptance of the contract product this contract made____on_____________ day of____________，by and be-tween__________，organized and existingunder the laws of the people’s republic of china. with rehistered office at (hereinafterreferred to as party a) of the first part and __________，organized and existing underthe laws of ____________，with its principal officeat________________.witnessthwhereas the patent right which said in the contract os owned by party b.whereas party b has the right and agreed to grant paryt a the rights to use， manufac-ture and sell the contract products of the ppatented technology;whereas party a hope to use the patented technology of partyb to manufacture and sellthecontract products;both parties authorized representatives， through friendly negotiation， have agreeto en-ter into this contract under the ertms as stipulated below; artide 1 definitionsfor the purpose of this contract， the following terms havethe following meanings;1.1.‘patented technology’means those letters patent， and applications thereforpresently owned or hereafter acquired by party b and/or which party bhas or may have therigt to control or grant license thereof during the term hereofin any or all countriesof the world and which are applicable to or may be used in the manufacture of cotract products.1.2. ‘contract products’mians the products described in appendis2 annexed hereto，to-gether with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respectthere-to.1.3. ‘patty a’means____________. or his legal representative，agent and inhetitorto theproperty of the company.1.4. ‘party b’ means___________，or his legal representative，agent and inheritor，to the property of the company.1.5. ‘the contraet factory’ means the place which party party a manufactures thecontract products. that is_______________.1.6.‘spare p`menas replacement parts for contract productsor for any part there-of.1.7. ‘components’means those components and parts of contruct produets which par-tyb has agreed or may from time to time agree in writing topermit party a to manufacture or sell.1.8. ‘technical documents’meane engineering，manufacturing and originating inforna-tion relatiog to the manufacture and servicing of contract products， includingdrawings， blueprints，design sheets， material specifications，photographs， photostats and general da-ta， and designsand pecifications relatingto manufacturing contract producdts， tools and fix-tures，but includes，however， onlysuch information as is available to party b and applicable tothe operations of party aunder this contract which detaile as per appendis 1 to the con-tract.1.9 ‘net selling price’ menans remaining amount of invoice value of the contractprod-ucts， after deduction of packahing，installation and freight charges， trade and discount，commission，insurance and taxes and duties. if any， directly applicable to the prdduct.1.l0 ‘the date of coming into effect of the contract’means the date of raificationofthe contract by the managing constructure of the parties orby the competent authorities ofboth parties， whichevercomes later.article2 scope of the contract2.1. party a agrees to acquire from party b and party b agreesto transfer to party athe patented technology for contract products. such patented technology shall be in exactaccordance with the technologyof party b’s latest products.2.2 party b grants party a the non-exclusive right to designand manufacture contractproducts in china and to markdt the said products in china and abroad.2.3 party b shall be responsible to provide party a with documents relevant to thesaidpaptents and with special fittings of the samplemachine their concrete details andschedule ofdelivary being set out in appendix 2 to the contract.2.4 the contract does not cover the patented technology forthe parts from other coun-tres.but party b shall provide party a with the specimens and the tecincal specifications andthe name of the manufacturers of the parts.2.5 party b shall be responsible for the training of party a’s technicl personnelin party b’s relevant facilities and also do its best to enable party a’s technical personnel to masterthe patentedtechnplogy of the aforesaid contract product (details asper appendix 5 to the contract).2.6 party b is obliged to send at its own expense technical personnel to party a’sfacto-ry for technical service (details as per appendix 6 to the contract).2.7 if it is required by party a. pafrty b shall be under an obligation to provide party aat the most favourable price wity parts， accessories， raw materials， fittings，etc. for con-trade mark the two parties.2.8 party b grants party a the rignt to use party b’s trade mark，and use the combinedtrade，mark of both parties or mark the wouding ’production according to licensor’s licence’on the contract produets.article 3 price of the contract3.1 price of the contract shall be calculated on royalty in accordance with the content and scope sipulated in artice 2 to the contract and shall be paid in___________.3.2 royalty under the contract shall be paid from__________ months after the the dateofcoming into effect of the contract in terms of calendar year. the date of settling accountsshallbe 31，december of each year.3.3 royalty at the rate of__________ % (___________percent ) shall be calcuated interms ofnet selling price after the contract products are soldin this year，the contractproducts which not sold shall not be included.3.4 the report of the selling quantity， net selling amount of the contract productsandroyalty which should be paid in last year shall be submitted to party b in written form by party a within 10 (ten) days after the date of settling accounts to royalty. thespecific methods which calculatenet selling amountand royalty are detailed in appendix 3to the contract.3.5 the contract products sold by party a pursuant to the patent license herein granted shall be deemed to have been sold when paid for.3.6 if the contract products are returned or allowances made thereon after the royalty thereon has been paid party a shall be entitled to take ppropriate erdit for such overpay-mentagainst royalties thereafter accruing.3.7 if party b demand to audit the accounts of party a，it shall notice partya withinl0(ten) days after receiving the written notice of party a in accordance with article3.4 of the contract.the speeific content and procedure of auditing accounts are detailed in appendix 4 tothe contract.article 4 couditions of payment4.1 royalty stipulated in section 3 to the contract shall be effected by partya toarty bthrough the bank____________(here it is the business bank of party a， and the bank_________(here it is the busines bank of party b)， payrnent shall be settled in________.4.2 party b shall immediately issue the related documents ofter receiving the writtennotieesubmitted by party a in accordance with artiele 3.4 of the contract， the royaltyshall be paid by party a to party b within 30(thirty) days after party a has received thefol-lowing documents whichare provided by party b and found them in confoumity with thestipulations of thcontract.【篇三：技术开发委托合同(中英文对照)】technology development contract技术开发（委托）合同contract no.: p-1309-33date:2013-11-08entrusting party (party a):委托方（甲方）：address:地址：tel: fax:entrusted party (party b):受托方（乙方）：address:地址:tel: fax:party a entrust party b to research and develop technique proposal of smart t/r verification system. party b will develop key circuits verification for the solution and will be in charge of general thought plan.the following articles are reached and abided by the both parties.甲方委托乙方设计智能收发验证系统技术方案，乙方将设计开发方案的验证电路及负责整体思路的建立，为此订立以下协议，并由双方共同恪守。
Elsevier投稿各种状态总结-SCI-计算机模拟
Elsevier投稿各种状态总结-SCI-计算机模拟Elsevier 投稿各种状态总结1. Submitted to Journal当上传结束后，显示的状态是Submitted to Journal，这个状态是自然形成的无需处理。
2. With editor如果在投稿的时候没有要求选择编辑，就先到主编那，主编会分派给别的编辑。
这当中就会有另两个状态：3. Editor assigned4. Editor Declined Invitation如果编辑接手处理了就会邀请审稿人了。
5. Reviewer(s) invited如果审稿人接受那就会是以下状态：6. Under review这应该是一个漫长的等待。
当然前面各步骤也可能很慢的，要看编辑的处理情况。
如果被邀请审稿人不想审，就会decline，编辑会重新邀请别的审稿人。
7. required review completed审稿结束，等编辑处理。
8. Decision in Process到了这一步就快要有结果了，编辑开始考虑是给修改还是直接拒，当然也有可能直接接受的，但可能性很小，呵呵。
9. Minor revision/Major revision这个时候可以稍微庆祝一下了，问题不大了，因为有修改就有可能。
具体怎么改就不多说了，谦虚谨慎是不可少的。
10. Revision Submitted to Journal又开始了一个循环。
11. Accepted如果不要再审，只是小修改，编辑看后会马上显示这个状态，但如果要再审也会有上面的部分状态。
一步会比较快，但也有慢的。
看杂志的国外期刊投稿、审稿过程以及常用术语1. Author 作者如何在线投稿？在线投稿大致步骤：Step 1: Log In 登陆The login page gives you three options:1. Log in with your known User ID and Password 用户名和密码2. Check to see if you have an existing account 确认是否已经注册过3. Create a new account 没有就注册一个Step 2: Enter your Author Center 进入作者中心To begin a new submission, check a previous submission, continue a submission begun earlier, or submit a revised manuscript, choose Author Center. 确认是新投，还是投修改稿Step 3: Inside Your Author Center 在个人的作者中心里面Existing manuscripts are found in one of three areas: 包括三个区域（这个每个杂志可能有区别的）Manuscripts to be Revised 需修改稿Partially Submitted Manuscripts 部分上传稿Submitted Manuscripts 已上传稿To start a NEW manuscript submission, choose “Submit First Draft of New Manuscript” link. 开始上传新稿Step 4: Entering Data 输入资料The following screens ask you to enter each piece of data associated with your manuscript. Most of this data will also be included in the text of your manuscript, but needs to beentered in this format in order to make the system searchable by these fields. It is used for screen display and e-mail notifications only. You cannot enter text into the Manuscript Data Summary table – scroll down each screen to enter the required information. 按照提示一步一步输入Press “Save and Continue” at the bottom of each screen in order to save all of your work. If you press the "Back" or "Forward" button on your browser your work will not be saved. 继续时选择保存和继续，如果点击back或者forward，原来输入的内容会消失。
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Review of the Assignment
Tutor set assignment 1
1.As a basis for possible improvements to St Edith financial and medical performances,
produce a SWOT analysis, with appropriate qualitative and quantitative dimensions.
Assume neighbouring hospital performance represents best practice.
30 marks
Students are expected to provide quantified evidence that supports the statements made in the SWOT elements.
2. Using appropriate theoretical frameworks critique St Edith budgetary planning and co ntrol
processes for Income and Expenditure, and Capital Investment.
This is to be presented as a report to the Management Committee proposing a new
planning and control system. Justify the change by referencing the current process and
problems.
40 marks
Budgetary and control processes and practices
How does the organisation prepare them?
How does this compare with best practice?
What would be the most appropriate process for the St Edith organisation?
Make recommendations for improve ments
3. Identify possible improvements to St Edith financial and medical performances and incorporate them into a forecast year 1 and year 2 Income Statement. Justify the improvements by reference to quantitative information contained in the case study and using appropriate costing techniques.
30 marks
Prepare a Two year Profit & Loss Forecast:
To return the income & expenditure account to break even.
It is important that the costing of the proposed changes are included to justify the
financially measured changes. Students are expected to apply management
accounting costing techniques.
Tutor set assignment 2
1. Using Cost Benefit Analysis together with investment methodology advise whether St
Edith should immediately proceed with the integrated stock management and creditor
system. 60 marks
1.Apply capital appraisal methods
Include cost-benefit analysis
What is your preferred method
Justify your recommended method
2.Show the impact of the investment on the P&L Account
3.Discuss the capital investment strategy
Tangible issues
Intangible issues
Possible ways forward
HOW CAN YOU COMBINE QUALITATIVE & QUANTITIVE INFORMATION IN YOUR DECISION?
Remember that not all costs and benefits can be measured.
Kaplan and Norton developed the balanced scorecard technique to assist:
The Balanced Scorecard Kaplan & Norton
Another tool/Technique especially useful for the public sector
Output is the central consideration
Measures performance against strategy
Very relevant to the public sector
The Elements:
∙Financial
∙Customer perspective
∙Internal business perspective
∙Innovation & learning
2.. Comment on St Edith arrangements for corporate governance and advise on
improvements. Justify any recommendations you may make.
40 marks
2. Corporate governance is increasingly an issue in modern society.
The code identifies elements that need to be part of a managing an organisation.
Students are expected to compare what is kno wn of St Edith’s operations with best practice, providing examples and justification from the case study.。