(完整word版)高级英语(1)修辞格汇总
高级英语第一册修辞手法总结.docx
Lesson 11．"We can batten down and ride it out," he said. (Para. 4)metaphor2 .Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Para. 7) personification3. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade.、metaphorsimile4. He held his head between his hands, and silently prayed:“ Get us through this mess, will You”(Para. 17)alliteration5. It seized a 600,000-gallonpersonificationGulfport oil tank and dumped it miles away.6.Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. simile 、onomatopoeia( 拟声 )7.Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party towatch the storm from their spectacular vantage point.（Para. 20）transferred epithet8 8. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished.（P ara. 20） simile 、 personification9.and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads.simileand medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (Para. 31) metaphorLesson 41. Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm around my shoulder as we were waiting forthe court to open. (para2)Transferred epithet2. The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at secondary school.(para 3)Synecdoche3.After a while, it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century.(para14)Irony4.'' There is some doubt about that'' Darrow snorted.(para 19)Sarcasm5.The Christian believes that man came from above . The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below .(para 20)Antithesis6.Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie.(para 22)Alliteration; Simile7.The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breadth of his oratory as he should have. (Para 22)He appealed for intellectual freedom, and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. (Para 23)The court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that Bryan.Snowball: grow quickly; spar: fight with words; thunder : say angrily and loudly; scorch: thoroughly defeat; duel: life and death struggle; storm of applause: loud applause by manypeople; the oratorical duel ; spring the trump card.Metaphor8. Dudley Field Malone called my conviction a ''victorious defeat '' (para 45)A woman whispered loudly as he finished his address Oxymoron9. My heart went out to the old warrior as spectators pushed by him to shake Darrow's hand. Metonymy10. It is not going to be driven out of this court byThe spectators chuckled and Bryan warmed to his work. -- Line 101 Ridicule⋯Carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies.Ridicule11. With a fan blowing on him punLesson 5 The libido for the ugly1 Here was the very heart of industrial America , the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity (line 6)metaphor; transferred epithet2 Here was wealth beyond computation , almost beyond imagination --and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.Antithesis ( 对偶句） Repetition ( line 10)3There was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the age. Synecdoche(提喻） (line 16)4There was not a single decent house within eye range from the Pittsburgh to the Greensburg yards. There was not one that was misshapen,and there was not one that was not shabby. Understatement; Litotes( 曲言） (line 26)5The country is not uncomely, despite the grim of the endless mills .Litotes; Overstatement (line 29)6. They would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides.Metaphor (line 36)On their low sides they bury themselves swinishly in the mud. Metaphor(line 46)And one and all they are streaked in grim, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks.Metaphor (line 49)When it has taken on the patina of the mills,it is the color of a fried egg. When it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.Line 52 Metaphor7I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer. Irony (line 60)8. and Newport News , in a Pullman , I have whirled through the gloomy(line67)Metonymy9But in the American village and small town the pull is always towards ugliness, and in that Westmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering upon passion. Ridicule (line 88)10 It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror. Irony (line 90)11 On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be positive libido for the ugly,as on the other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the beautiful.line 91Antithesis 12 The taste for them is as enigmatical and yet as common as the taste for the dogmatic theology and the poetry of Edgar .Metaphor13And some of them are appreciably better.Line 109Sarcasm14They let it mellow into its present shocking depravity.Metaphor; sarcasm15The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye.MetaphorLesson 61.Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huch Finn ’s(synecdoche ) idyllic cruisethrough the eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer ’endless summer of freedom and adventure.Hyperbole2. I found another Twain as well synecdoche3. a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead aback wall of night.metaphor4.The geographic core, in Twain ’searly years, was the great valley of the Mississippi River, mainartery of transportation in the young nation’sheart.metaphor5.Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat, and furs moved downstream to the delta country; sugar,molasses, cotton, and whisky traveled north.(antithesis—a cosmos 6. the cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and variedalliteration metaphor7.Steamboats decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but itsflotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well.Metaphor8.For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and persistent,metaphor9.He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever inNevada’sWashoe region. metaphor10.From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way toregional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.metaphor11.The instant riches of a mining strike would not be his in the reporting trade, but for makingmoney, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax.metonymy12.in the spring of 1864, less than two years after joining the Territorial Enterprise, he boardedthe stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopeful young writers.metaphor13.Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing(metonymy) muscles⋯ metaphor14.It was a splendid population ——for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stay athome⋯alliteration15.“ Itwas a splendid population ——for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed athome⋯” alliteration16.“ It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astounding enterprises andrushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring (alliteration) and arecklessness of coat or consequences, which when she projects a new surprise,she (synecdoche) bears onto this day ——and the grave world ( transferred epithet)smiles(personification) as usual, and says‘ Well, this is California all over.’”17.Two years later the opportunity came for him to take a distinctly American look at the oldworld.transferred epithet pleasure cruise( metaphor)18.Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.personification19.America laughed with him.personification and synecdoche20.Tom Sawyer quickly became a classic tale of American boyhood. (Para. 13) synecdoche21.Tom’ s mischievous daring, ingenuity, and sweet innocence of his affection for⋯ ..(transferred epithet22.Six chapters into Tom Sawyers, he drags in“ the juvenile pariah metaphor⋯.”23.I have tried it, and I don’ t work; it don’ t work, Tom. It ain s’byt aforbell;me ⋯ The widder eatshe goes to bed by a bell; she gits up by a bell — everything’ s so awful reg’ lar body can’ t stand it. alliteration parallelism repetition24.Nine years after Tom Sawyer swept the nation. (metaphor25.Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laughed.metaphor26.Now the gloves came off with biting satire. transferred epithet metaphor27.dictating his autobiography late in life, he commented with a crushing sense of despair onmen’ s final release from earthly struggles.metaphor28. where the have left no sign that they had existed—a world which will lament them a day andforget them forever.antithesis personificationLesson 11Alliteration1.brittle and brown2.willow and witch hazel3.great green-and-yellow grasshoppers4.the eagle and the elk5.the badger and the bear6.bent and blind7.sad in the sound, syllables of sorrow8.lean and leather9.jest and gesture10.fright and false alarm, fringed and flowered shawls, bright beadwork11.At a distance in July or August the steaming foliage seems almost to writhe in fire. （）不得是哪个充一下12.It was a long journey toward the dawn, and it led to a golden age.（） metaphor13.no longer were they slaves to the simple necessity of survival; （） metaphor14.I wanted to see in reality what she had seen more perfectly in the mind’seye, and traveledfifteen hundred miles no begin my pilgrimage. （） metaphor15.Descending eastward, the highland meadows are a stairway to the plain.（） metaphor16.The earth unfolds and the limit of the land recedes. （） metaphor17.going out upon a cane, very slowly as she did when the weight of age came upon her;（）metaphor18.transported so in the dancing light among the shadows of her room,（） metaphor19.houses are like sentinels in the plain, （） metaphorLesson 13 No Signposts in the Sea ★后中的修辞目1. I have never had much of an eye for noticing the clothes of women⋯(Para 1 )Metonymy2.in the evening she wears soft rich colours, dark red, olive green, midnight blue ⋯(Para 1 )Metonymy ★3.He says he used to read me⋯ (Para 2 ) Metonymy ★4.Protests about damage to ‘natural beauty ’froze me with contempt. (Para 3) Metaphor5.And now see how I stand, as sentimental and sensitive as any old maid. (Para 4) Alliteration6.I am gloriously and adolescently silly. (Para 4)Transferred Epithet7.⋯ I want my fill of beauty before I go. (Para 4)Euphemism ★8.The young moon lies on her back tonight as is her habit in the tropics, and as, I think, issuitable if not seemly for a virgin. (Para 5)Personification★9.Not a star but might not shoot down and accept the invitation to become her lover. (Para 5 )Personification ★10. ...even as I enjoy the clean voluptuousness of the warm breeze on my skin and the coolsupport of the water⋯(Para 5) Transferred Epithet ★11.It may be by daylight, looking at the sea, rippled with little white ponies，or with no ripples atall but only the lazy satin of blue, marbled at the edge where the passage of our ship hasdisturbed it. (Para 6)Metaphor12.The stars seemed little cuts in the black cover ⋯ (Para 6)Metaphor13.⋯no sign of habitation, very blenched and barren. (Para 8)Alliteration★14.What I like best are the ① stern cliff, with ranges of mountains ② soaring behindthem ⋯(Para 8)① Personification② Metaphor15.What plants of the high altitudes grow unravished among their crags and valleys (Para 8)Metonymy16...., like delicate flowers, for the discovery of the venturesome. (Para 8) Metaphor17.I wondered what mortal controlled it, in what must be one of the loneliest, most forbiddingspots on earth.(Para 12) Hyperbole18. ...but I must say I find it refreshing to think there are still a few odd fish left in the world.(Para 16)Metaphor19. ...follows a ship only to a certain latitude and then turns back⋯(Para 17) Metonymy20.We might all take a lesson from him, knowing the latitude we can permit ourselves. (Para 17)Metaphor21. ...and the scratchy little flying-fish have the vast circle a ll to themselves⋯(Para 18)Metonymy22.This is the new Edmund Carr with a vengeance. (Para 19)Synecdoche23.God, is there no escape from suffering and sin (Para 25)Rhetorical Question24.⋯we wait for it while the① red ball, cut in half as though by a knife, sinks to its daily②doom. (Para 26)① Innuendo ② Metaphor25.Then come the① twilight colours of sea and heaven(⋯suddenly in ② these latitudes,atany tare on sea level), the winepink width of water merging into③ lawns of aquamarine, and the sky ④ a tender palette of pink and blue⋯(Para 26 ) ①Metaphor② Metonymy③M etaphor ★ ④ Metaphor ★26.Now the indolence of southern latitudes has captured me. (Para 33 )Metonymy27.Blue, the colour of peace. (Para 33 )Metaphor28.⋯I had no temptation to take a flying holiday to the South⋯(Para 33 ) Transferred Epithet★29.And then I like all the small noises of a ship: the faint creaking, as of the saddle-leather to ahorseman riding across turf, the slap of a rope, the hiss of sudden spray. (Para 34 )Onomatopoeia ★30.But above all I love these long purposeless days in which I shed all that I have ever been.(Para 34 )Transferred Epithet1.Lesson 14 Speech on Hitler ’Invasion of the changed conviction into certainty. (Para 1)Alliteration2.I had not the slightest doubt where our duty and policy lay. (Para 1)Litotes3.I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes. (Para 1)Metaphor4.⋯ I asked whether for him, the arch anti-Communist, this was not bowing down in the House5.If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the Houseof Commons. (Hitler is much eviler than the devil.) (Para 5) Hyperbole6.The Maze regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.(Para 8)Metaphor7.It excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferociousaggression. (Para 8)Irony8. I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land⋯. (Para 8) Metaphor9.–for the safety of their loved ones, the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, oftheir protector. (Para 8)Innuendo10.I see the ten thousand villages of Russia where the means of existence is wrung so hardlyfrom the soil ⋯ (Para 8)Metaphor11.I see advancing upon all this in hideous onslaught the Nazi war machine, with its clanking,heel-clicking, dandified Prussian officers,⋯ (Para 8)Metaphor12.I see all the ① dull, drilled, docile, brutish, masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on② like aswarm of crawling locusts. (Para 8)① Alliteration② Simile\Ridicule13.I see the German ① bombers and fighters in the sky, still②smarting from many a British③whipping, ④ delighted to find what they believe is an easier and safer ⑤ prey (theRussian soldiers). (Para8)① Synecdoche② ③ ④ Metaphor\Personification⑤Metaphor14.Behind all this ① glare, behind all this ② storm,I see that small group of villainous menwho plan, organize, and launch this③ cataract of horrors upon mankind⋯ (Para 9)①Metaphor ② Metaphor③ Metaphor15.I have to declare the decision of His Majesty ’sGovernment ⋯ (Para 10) Antonomasia16.–for we must spread out now at once, without a day’sdelay. (Para 10) Repetition17.I have to make the declaration,but can you doubt what our policy will be(Para 10)Rhetorical Question18.We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose. (Para 10)Repetition19.We are resolved to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime. (Para 10)Metaphor20.From this nothing will turn us—nothing. (Para 10)Inversion21. We will never parley, we will never negotiate⋯(Para 10)Repetition22.We have rid the earth of his shadow (influence) and liberated its peoples from his yoke(control). (Para 10) Metaphor23.① Any man or state who② marches with Hitler is our foe. (Para 10)① Antithesis② Metaphor24.It follows therefore that we shall⋯.We shall⋯, as we shall faithfully and steadfastly to theend⋯ (Para 10)Parallelism25. But when I spoke ⋯ which have impelled or lured him on his Russian adventure I said therewas one deeper motive behind his outrage. (Para 12)Euphemism26.He wishes to destroy the Russian power ⋯.from the East and hurl it upon this Island, whichhe knows ⋯.of his crimes. (Para 12) ① Metaphor② Synecdoche27.⋯ and that he can overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and airpower of the United Statesmay intervene. (Para 12) Synecdoche28.He has so long thrived and prospered. (Para 12)Repetition29.⋯ and that then the ① scene will be clear for the final ② act,⋯(Para 12)①Metaphor② Euphemism30.⋯, just as the cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of free menand free peoples in every quarter of the globe. (Para 13)Alliteration31. Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience. (Para 13) Alliteration。
高级英语第一册最常用修辞手法总结
高级英语1------常考修辞手法总结1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比，这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如：1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。
高级英语修辞总结完整版
高级英语修辞总结HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】Rhetorical Devices一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如：1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。
2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。
3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets...德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。
2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
三、Allusion（暗引）其特点是不注明来源和出处，一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组，将其融合编织在作者的话语中。
引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。
(完整word版)高级英语各单元修辞
英语修辞手法总结1) Simile：(明喻）是常用as或like等词将具有某种共同特征的两种不同事物连接起来的一种修辞手法。
明喻的表达方法是：A像B。
2) Metaphor：(暗喻)是本体和喻体同时出现，它们之间在形式上是相合的关系，说甲（本体）是（喻词）乙（喻体）。
喻词常由：是、就是、成了、成为、变成等表判断的词语来充当。
暗喻又叫隐喻。
例如：何等动人的一页又一页篇章！这是人类思维的花朵。
（徐迟《哥德巴赫猜想》）3) Analogy: (类比)是基于两种不同事物间的类似,借助喻体的特征,通过联想来对本体加以修饰描摩的一种文学修辞手法。
4) Personification: (拟人)把事物人格化，把本来不具备人的一些动作和感情的事物变成和人一样的。
就像童话里的动物、植物能说话，能大笑。
5) Hyperbole: (夸张)是指为了达到强调或滑稽效果，而有意识的使用言过其实的词语，这样的一种修辞手段。
夸张法并不等于有失真实或不要事实，而是通过夸张把事物的本质更好地体现出来。
6) Understatement: (含蓄陈述）7) Euphemism: (委婉）是指为了策略或礼貌起见,使用温和的,令人愉快的,不害人的语言来表达令人厌恶的,伤心或不宜直说的事实,8) Metonymy:(转喻）是指当甲事物同乙事物不相类似，但有密切关系时，可以利用这种关系，以乙事物的名称来取代甲事物，这样的一种修辞手段。
转喻的重点不是在“相似”；而是在“联想”。
转喻又称换喻，或借代。
9) Synecdoche (提喻）是不直接说某一事物的名称，而是借事物的本身所呈现的各种对应的现象来表现该事物的这样一种修辞手段。
10) Antonomasia (换喻）一种,一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法11) Pun: (双关语）指在一定的语言环境中，利用词的多义和同音的条件,有意使语句具有双重意义，言在此而意在彼的修辞方式。
高级英语一 修辞格归纳
《高级英语（一）》修辞格归纳英语修辞格种类1.音韵修辞格(phonological rhetorical devices)音韵修辞格是利用词语的语音特点创造出来的修辞手法。
主要包括onomatopoeia、alliteration、assonance（元韵）、consonance（辅韵）等。
2.词义修辞格(semantic rhetorical devices)主要借助语义的联想和语言的变化等特点创造出来的修辞手法。
主要包括simile, metaphor, allusion（典故）, metonymy, transferred epithet, personification, hyperbole, irony, euphemism, pun, oxymoron, zeugma（轭式修饰法）, contrast 等。
3.句法修辞格(syntactical rhetorical devices)主要是指通过句子结构的均衡布局或是突出重点创造出来的修辞手法。
这类辞格主要包括repetition, rhetorical question, parallelism, antithesis, apostrophe （顿呼）等。
Anti-climax 渐降、突降法It is the opposite of Climax (渐升、层进法). A climbing down from strong to weak, from most impressive to less impressive. It is often used in humorous writing.1.For God, for American, and for Yale.2.The duties of a solider are to protect his country and peel potatoes.3.O dear!What shall I do?I have lost my beau and lipstick too.4.I love my motherland,I love my people,I love my wife and my son and my daughter,I also love my pretty little dog.幽默风趣讽刺嘲笑出人意料Climax 渐升、层进法A figure of speech in which a series of words or ideas is arranged in order of increasing importance.1.We’re low---we’re very low---we’re very very low, as low as low can be.2.The audience smiled, chuckled and finally howled.3.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed anddigested.4.He who loses wealth loses much; he who loses a friend loses more; but he who loses courageloses all.5.The drunkard smashed the glasses, upturned the table, and hit an old woman.Rhetorical Question 修辞问句Asking a question whose answer is self-evident intended to stir emotions.A question requiring no answer.不需要回答,其答案寓于问句的反面, 其作用是加强语气,表达强烈的感情, 以引起读者或听者深思。
英语修辞格汇总(高级英语第一册)
1.明喻simileSimilereferstoadirectcomparisonbetweentwoormorethings,normallyintroducedbylikeoras. Hehasbeenasdrunkasafiddler ’sbitch.他醉得像小提琴手的母狗。
他曾喝得酊名大醉/烂醉如泥。
IfWehaven ’tgotanymoney,wecan’tbuyItatelevision’asplain.asthenoseonyourface.1.如果我们没有钱，就不能买电视机。
这就像脸上的鼻子一样清楚明了。
没有钱我们就不能买电视机。
这就像秃子头上的虱子——明摆着的事。
Mr.Smithmayserveasagoodsecretary,forheisascloseasanoyster.史密斯先生可以当个好秘书，因为他嘴巴紧得像牦蛎.史密斯先生可以当个好秘书，因为他守口如瓶。
Iseealsothedull,drilled,docile,brutishmassesoftheHunsoldieryploddingonlikeaswarmofcraw linglocusts.2.隐喻metaphorMetaphorisanimpliedcomparisonbetweentwoormorethingsachievedbyidentifyingonewiththeother.Thatladytriestomakesheep’seyesathernewboss.那位女士想向新老板投去绵羊之眼。
那位女士想向新老板献媚。
Littledonkeyswithharmoniouslytinklingbellsthreadtheirwayamongthethrongsofpeopleenteringandleavingthebazaar.Itgrowslouderandmoredistinct,untilyouroundacornerandseeafairylandofdancingflashes,astheburnishedcoppercatchesthelightofinnumerablelampsandbraziers.Thedye-market,thepottery-market,’marketlieelsewhereinthemazeofandthecarpentersvaultedstreetswhichhoneycombthisbazaar.Itisavast,sombercavernofaroom,somethirtyfeethighandsixtyfeetsquare,andsothickwiththedu stofcenturiesthatthemudbrickroofareonlydimlyvisible.Churchill,herevertedtothistheme,andIaskedwhetherforhim,thearchanti-communist,thiswasnotbowingdownintheHouseofRimmon.IseetheRussiansoldiersstandingonthethresholdoftheirnativeland,guardin gthefieldswhichtheirfathershavetilledfromtimeimmemorial.IseetheGermanbombersandfightersinthesky,streetsmartingfrommanyaBritishwhippingButallthisfadesawaybeforethespectaclewhichisnowunfolding.tofindwhattheybelieveisaneasierandasaferprey.3.借代metonymyThereisamixtureofthetigerandtheapeinthecharacterofaFrenchman.法国人的性格中混合有老虎和猿的成分。
高级英语(1)修辞格汇总(DOC)
一．词语修辞格(1) simile 明喻它根据人们的联想，利用不同事物之间的相似点，借助比喻词(如like，as等)起连接作用，清楚地说明甲事物在某方面像乙事物I wandered lonely as a cloud. ( W. Wordsworth: The Daffodils ) 我像一朵浮云独自漫游。
They are as like as two peas. 他们两个长得一模一样。
His young daughter looks as red as a rose. 他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。
①―Mama,‖ Wangero said sweet as a bird . ―C an I have these old quilts?‖②Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail.③My skin is like an uncooked（未煮过的）barley pancake.④The oratorial（雄辩的）storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind though the schools…⑤I see also the dull（迟钝的）, drilled（训练有素的）, docile（易驯服的）, brutish （粗野的）masses of the Hun soldiery plodding（沉重缓慢地走）on like a swarm（群）of crawling locusts（蝗虫）.（2）metaphor 暗喻暗含的比喻。
A是B或B就是A。
All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players演员. ( William Shakespeare )整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。
高级英语第一册所有修辞方法及例子总结（推荐文档）
高级英语第一册所有修辞方法及例子总结（推荐文档）Personification:1.The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you...2.dancing flashes3.the beam groan ... and protesting4.where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay,5.life dealt him profound personal tragedies...6.the river had acquainted him with ...7....to literature's enduring gratitude...8....an entry that will determine his course forever...9.Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.10.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.HyperboleHyperbole is a figure of speech in which exaggeration is used to emphasize a point, to create humor, or to achieve some similar effects1)... takes you ...hundreds even thousands of years2)innumerable lamps3)with the dust of centuries4)I see the ten thousand villages …5)...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...6)America laughed with him.7). The trial that rocked the world8)His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world.9)Now I was involved in a trial reported the world over.Onomatopoeia:1)creak, squeak, rumble, grunt, sigh, groan, etc.tinkling, banging, clashing2). its cl anking, heel cl icking3)appreciative chuckle4)clucked his tongueMetaphor1)I had a lump in my throat2)At last this intermezzo came to an end...3) I was again crushed by the thought..4)hen the meaning ... sank in, jolting me out of my sad reverie5)little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers ...struggle between kimonoand the miniskirtlittle old Japan---- traditional floating houses6)I thought that Hiroshima still felt the impact\Hiroshima----people of Hiroshima, especially those who suffered from the A-bomb (keep her thoughts under control) E.g.1) Whether for him, the arch anti-Communist, this was riot bowing down in the House of Rimmon2) I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.3) The Nazi regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racialdomination.4) Still smarting from many a British whipping5) rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yokea. his wife shot him a swift, warning glance.(give sb. an angry and quick glare)b. The words spat forth with sudden savagery.( the detective said the words suddenly and savagely.)c. Her tone ...withered...(become shorter from her frightening voice)d. ...self-assurance...flickered...( hesitate; move with a quick wavering light emotion)e. The Duchess kept firm tight rein on her racing mind.1) f. Her voice was a whiplash.i.(a heavy blow)2)g. eyes bored into himi.(look at him pointedly or sharply)3)h. I’ll spell it out.a)(explain or speak out frankly and in detail)4) 1. Mark Twain --- Mirror of America5) 2. Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruisethrough eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.6) 3. The geographic core, in Twain's early years was the great valley of the MississippiRiver , main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart .7) 4. The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied — acosmos.8)Cast of characters: people of various sorts; cosmos: a place where one can find all sortsof characters9) 5. Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, butits flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as will.10)current: stream, here not a good choice for the verb teem.11) 6. He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver feverin Nevada 's Washoe region.12)Succumbed…to: gave way to (yielded to, submitted to ) the gold and silver rushprevailing in that area.13)7. For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and thepersistent, and was rebuffed .Flirted…wealth: did not try hard or persistently enough to get the colossalwealth…failed14)8. From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his wayto regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.6. He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver feverin Nevada 's Washoe region.15)Succumbed…to: gave way to (yielded to, submitted to ) the gold and silver rushprevailing in that area.16)7. For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and thepersistent, and was rebuffed .Flirted…wealth: did not try hard or persistently enough to get the colossal wealth…failed17)Digging …fame: working hard to gain regional fame18) Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles .Honed: sharpened/exercised. It is not suitable to say "sharpen one's muscles".19)saw clearly ahead a black wall of night...20) the vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United States21) All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...( submarine comes back to thesurface, here reappear)22) When railroads began drying up the demand...23)...took unholy verbal shots...24)my case would snowball into...25)our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere.26) The street ...sprouted with ...27)He thundered in his sonorous organ tones.28)… had not scorched the infidels...29)…after the preliminary sparring over legalities…30) The case had erupted on my head.31) Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan asa …32) But although Malone had won the oratorical duel with Bryan.33)Then the court broke into a storm of applause that …34) He accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death …Irony: a figure of speech in which the meaning literally expressed is the opposite of themeaning intended and which aims at ridicule, humor or sarcasm.1)H iroshima---the Liveliest City in Japan2)marching backwards to the glorious age of the 16th centuryAnti-climax: the sudden appearance of an absurd or trivial idea following a serioussignificant ideas and suspensions. This device is usu. aimed at creating comic or humorous effects.1) a town known throughout the world for its---oystersParallelismthe repetition of sounds, meanings and structures serve to order, emphasize, and point out relations(1) The past, with its crimes, its follies, and its tragedies...(2) the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, of their protector(3) We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air.(4) where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil, but where thereare still primordial human joys, where maidens laugh and children play.(5) Let us... Let us...(6) He hopes ... He hopes(7) Behind all this glare, behind all this stormLitotes (double negative) (语轻意重法,间接肯定法)a) A negative before another word to indicate a strong affirmative in the oppositedirection.b)I had not the slightest doubt where our duty and our policy lay.Sarcasm1)ah, yes, for there are times when all pray2)There is some doubt about that.3)His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognizedthroughout theworld.Alliteration（头韵）repetition of vowel sound1) E.g. I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses2)its cl anking, heel cl icking3)fighting for his hearth and home4)let us learn the lessonsRhetorical question1) E.g. … but can you doubt what our policy will be?AssonanceI see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like aswarm of crawling locusts.e.g. when bigots lighted faggots to burn...RepetitionE.g. From this nothing will turn us – nothing.1That is our policy and that is our declaration.2 the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, of their protector.3 We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose.4 We will never parley; we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang.Antithesis(两个结构相似但是意思相反的平行从句便是对偶句)1)E.g. Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid. Any man orstate who marches with Hitler is our foe.(E.g. The coward does it with a kiss, the brave man a sword.)2)From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of thedifference between what people claim to be and what theyreally are.3)...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land...4)...a world which will lament them a day and forget them foreverSimilea)I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery ploddingon like a swarm of crawling locusts.b)...a memory that seemed phonographicc)...swept the arena like a prairie fired)...a palm fan like a sword...e)The oratorical storm … blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a freshwind …Periodic sentence (圆周句)Periodic sentences achieve forcefulness by suspense. The essential elements in the sentence are withheld until the end.松散句把主要意思放在次要意思之前，先说最重要的事情，因而读者在看到最初的几个词后就知道这句话的意思。
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一、词语修辞格（1）simile 明喻①...a memory that seemed phonographic②“Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?”③Most American remember M. T. as the father of...④Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail.⑤Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye.⑥My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake.⑦She gasped like a bee had stung her.（2）metaphor 暗喻①It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room,…②Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. ③The dye-market, the pottery market and the carpenters’ market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb the bazaar. A④the last this intermezzo came to an end…⑤…showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse…⑥After I tripped over it two or three times he told me …⑦Mark Twain --- Mirror of America⑧saw clearly ahead a black wall of night...⑨main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart⑩All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...⑪When railroads began drying up the demand...⑫...the epidemic of gold and silver fever...⑬Twain began digging his way to regional fame...⑭Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles...⑮The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.⑯Her voice was a whiplash.⑰and launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind…⑱But all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding.⑲I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.⑳I see the Russian soldiers standing on the thresthold of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial.21The Nazi regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.22I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.23We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke.（3）metonymy 借代，转喻①In short, all of these publications are written in the language that the Third International describes②The Washington Post, in an editorial captioned "Keep Your Old Webster's"（4）synecdoche 提喻①The case had erupted round my head②The case had erupted round my head Or what of those sheets and jets of air that are now being used, in place of old-fashioned oak and hinges ...③But neither his vanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionary's（5）personification 拟人①…until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes…②Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai, where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay…③...to literature's enduring gratitude...④The grave world smiles as usual...⑤Bitterness fed on the man...⑥America laughed with him.⑦Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.（6）transferred epithet 移就①Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder②The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.③Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks.④I have been exhilarated by two days of storms, but above all I love these long purposeless days in which I shed all that I have ever been. (V. Sackville-West, No Signposts in the Sea)（7）hyperbole 夸张①The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.②I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out.③If Hitler invaded Hell and would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.④I see the ten thousand villages of Russia where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil, but where there are still primordial human joys, where maidens laugh and children play. ⑤...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...⑥The cast of characters... - a cosmos.⑦America laughed with him.⑧The trial that rocked the world⑨His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world."（8）oxymoron 矛盾修饰法Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, "victorious defeat. " （9）euphemism 委婉语①… a motley band of Confederate g uerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy.②...men's final release from earthly struggle（10）irony -- the use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning. 反语用词语表达与它们的字面意思相异或相反的用法①Hiroshima—the “liveliest” city in Japan②“Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”. Wangero said, laughing .③… until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century（11）sarcasm -- a cutting, often ironic remark intended to wound. 讽刺，挖苦意在伤害他人的尖刻的，常带讽刺意味的话语①My friend the attorney-general says that John Scopes knows what he is here for," Darrow drawled. "I know what he is here for, too. He is here because ignorance and bigotry(顽固) are, and it is a mighty strong combination.②There is some doubt about that.③a concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life④the Post’ s editorial fails to explain what is wrong with the definition, we can only infer from "so simple" a thing that the writer takes the plain, downright, man-in-the-street attitude that adoor is a door and any damn fool knows that（12）ridicule（嘲笑）Words or actions intended to evoke contemptuous laughter at or feelings toward a person or thing 愚弄有意激起对某人或某事的蔑视的笑或看不起的感情而说的话或做的事①Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted②Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies.③Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.（13）pun 双关①DARWIN IS RIGHT – INSIDE.②Benjamin Franklin: “If we don’t hang together, we shall most assuredly hang separately.” (Peter stone and Sherman Edwards. 1776) 如果我们不能紧密地团结在一起，那就必然分散地走上绞刑架。