名词单数变复数动词形式规则及练习

英语名词单数变复数规则一、名词可数名词和不可数名词：1.定义：一般来说，个体名词和集体名词多为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词多为不可数名词。

2.可数名词的数：可数名词有单数、复数之分，表示“一个”时用单数，a bird，a teacher，an apple，表示“多个”时用复数。

two birds，five teachers，eight apples.3.可数名词复数的变化规则.A、一般情况下，在单数名词的后面加-s构成。

如：game-games，boy-boys等。

B、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的单数名词变复数，在词尾加-es构成。

如：box-boxes，bus-buses，peach-peaches，dish-dishes。

C、以o结尾，表示有生命的事物的单数名词变复数加-es；表示没有生命的事物的单数名词变复数加-s。

如：potato-potatoes，tomato-tomatoes，photo-photos，piano-pianos等。

D、以辅音字母加y结尾的单数名词变复数，将y改成i后再加-es。

如：factory-factories，story-stories，family-families。

以元音字母＋y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数，如monkey→monkeys，holiday→holidays.E、以f或fe结尾的单数名词变复数，将f或fe改成v，然后再加-es。

如：leaf-leaves，life-lives，knife-knives等。

F、名词单数变复数，除了有规则可循的变化之外，还有一部分的变化是不规则的，我们将这部分名词的变化叫做不规则变化。

这些词有：foot-feet，tooth-teeth，man-men，woman-women，mouse-mice，sheep-sheep，deer-deer, fish-fish, child-children, Chinese- Chinese, Japanese- Japanese，goose-geese, ox-oxen4.不可数名词量的表示不可数名词没有单数、复数之分，但我们在生活中有时候又必需给这些词计量，我们于是采用这种方法：a+表示这些东西的单位+of+不可数名词，如：a cup of tea，a box of milk，a piece of paper等。

如果为了表示多个的概念，我们就将表示这些东西的单位变成复数即可。

如：a cup of tea---3 cups of tea，a box of milk---12 boxes of milk，A piece of paper---100 pieces of paper英语动词变化规则二、动词变第三人称单数①一般情况加–s如：make- makes ; stop- stops ; help- helps②以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加–es如：dress- dresses; pass- passes ; wash- washes ; teach- teaches ; watch- watches ; fix- fixes③以辅音字母+y 变y 为i结尾的词再加es如：study- studies; fly- flies ; try- tries ; carry- carries④以元音字母加y结尾的词，直接加-es如：play- playes ；stay- stayes ; enjoy- enjoyes ;⑤以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，如：go- goes ; do- does三、动词变现在分词（即-ing形式）1. 一般情况，加-ing 如：go- going ; ask- asking ; look- looking ; watch- watching2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e，再加-ing如：write-writing ; make-making ; take-taking; practice-practicing ;3. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing如：get- getting ; sit- sitting ; run- running ; put- putting ; begin- beginning ;swim- swimming ; stop- stopping ; plan- planning ; shop- shopping四．动词变过去式1. 一般情况，加-ed如：look- looked ; play- played ; start-started ; listen- listened2. 以e结尾的动词，加-d如：hope- hoped ; use- used ; live- lived ; decide- decided3. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed 如：stop- stopped ; plan- planned; shop- shopped4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed如：study-studied ; carry-carried ; worry-worried ; try-tried ;五、动词变过去式过去分词不规则变化英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则，可主要分为几种情况。

【AAA型】：put—put—put cut—cut—cut shut—shut—shutset—set—set hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt cost—cost—cost ★read/ri:d/—read/red/—read/red/ let—l et—l etburst—burst—burst （n. / v. 爆发，突发；爆炸）cast—cast—cast (v. 1. 投,掷,抛,扔,撒2. 投射(光、影、视线等)[(+at/on)] 3. 脱落;蜕(皮);丢）rid—rid—rid （vt. 使摆脱；使去掉）spread—spread—spread【ABB型】：(原形→aught / ought→aught / ought)catch— caught— caught teach— taught— taught bring—brought —broughtbuy—bought—bought think—thought— thought【原形→元音变化→元音变化】sit—sat—sat meet—met— met find —found— foundget— got—got stand—stood—stood understand—understood—understoodwin—won— won hold— held—held shine—shone—shonedig— dug—dug hang— hung/hanged —hung/hanged【原形→ “…t” → “…t”】lose— lost—lost build— built—built spill—spilt—spilt spoil—spoilt—spoilt send— sent—sent spend—spent—spentsmell–smelt—smelt feel— felt— felt mean— meant— meant learn— learnt/learned —learnt/learned lend— lent— lent【原形→ “…d” → “…d”】hear —heard— heard make— made— made have(has)— had —had pay— paid —paid say— said— said lay —laid— laidsell —sold— sold tell— told —told【“ee/ea” → “e..t” → “e..t”】sleep —slept —slept sweep —swept— swept keep— kept— kept leave—left— left【ABC型】：【原形→变形→原形+en/ne】be(am,is) —was— been be(are)— were— been see— saw— seen do— did —donego —went —gone beat— beat— beaten eat —ate —eaten give —gave— givenhide— hid —hidden fall— fell —fallen mistake— mistook— mistakentake —took—taken drive—drove—driven rise—rose—risen ride—rode —riddenwrite— wrote— written【原形→ “-o-” → “过去式-n”】break— broke— broken speak— spoke— spoken choose— chose— chosen forget— forgot —forgotten freeze— froze—frozen wake—woke/waked —woken/waked(原形→ “ew” → “原形-n”)draw— drew— drawn blow— blew— blown show— showed— shown*fly— flew— flowngrow— grew— grown throw— threw —thrown know— knew— known 【原形→ “-a-” → “-u-”】begin— began— begun ring— rang —rung drink— drank —drunk sing— sang— sung sink —sank/sunk —sunk/sunken swim— swam —swum 【原形-ear → “-ore” → “-orn”】wear— wore— worn tear— tore— torn bear— bore— born【原形-ake → “-ook” → “-aken”】take— took— taken shake— shook —shaken miatake— mistook —mistaken【原形-i辅e→ “-o辅e” → “-i辅(辅)e”】drive— drove —driven ride— rode— riden rise— rose— risen write—wrote —written strive(v.努力)— strove— striven【ABA型】become— became— become come— came —come run— ran —run overcome— overcame— overcome【AB型】(无过去分词)may— might mus—t must can— could shall— should will— would名词的练习题一.写出以下单词的复数.I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________二、写出下例名词的复数形式1、monkey __________2、boy _______3、duck _____4、house_________5、bus ________6、lady_______7、sheep _________ 8、deer ________ 9、child_____10、foot _________ 11、tomato_________ 1 2、ox _____13、desk________ 14、window ________ 15、pencil_______ 16、dish _____ 17、film _______ 18、day _____19、plane _______ 20、month _________ 21、inch ________ 22、village ___________ 23、city ________ 24、family_______ 25、knife _______ 26、people ___________ 27、man _______ 28、thief _______ 29、chinese _______ 30、glass _______1、LanLan and I________（是学生）.2、There are _________(许多尺子)on the dask.3、There are__________(二十八天)in February this year.4、Give me _________(两瓶兰墨水),please.5、There are________(五个动物园)in ShangHai.6、I have ________(三个新铅笔盒).7、He has __________(许多老照片).8、Have you_______(两张绿纸)?五、把下例各句改成复数形式。