生理学专业英语词汇
第一章绪论【专业英语词汇】生理学physiology内环境internal environment 神经调节nervous regulation 体液调节humoral regulation 旁分泌paracrine自身调节autoregulation正反馈positive feedback 组织液interstitial fluid稳态homeostasis反射弧reflex arc激素hormone神经分泌neurosecretion, neurocrine 负反馈negative feedback前馈feed-forward第二章细胞的基本功能【专业英语词汇】单纯扩散simple diffusion失活inactivation钠-钾泵sodium-potassium pump 入胞endocytosis 易化扩散facilitated diffusion主动转运active transport出胞exocytosis化学门控通道chemically gated channel跨膜信号转导transmembrane signal transduction电压门控通道voltage-gated channel 促离子型受体ionotrpic receptor 鸟苷酸结合蛋白, G-蛋白g uanine uncleotide-binding protein, G-protein环一磷酸腺苷cycle adenosine monophosphate, cAMP第二信使second messenger三磷酸肌醇inositol triphosphate, IP3G-蛋白耦联受体G-protein coupled receptor 酪氨酸激酶受体t yrosine kinase receptor兴奋性excitability刺激stimulus阈值threshold动作电位action potential超极化hyperpolarization复极化repolarization锋电位spike potential膜片钳patch clamp相对不应期relative refractory period 局部兴奋local excitation时间性总和temporal summation跳跃式传导saltatory conduction终板电位end-plate potential胆碱酯酶cholinesterase滑行理论sliding theory等长收缩isometric contraction完全强直收缩complete tetanus后负荷afterload长度-张力曲线length-tension curve 磷脂酶C phospholipase C二酰甘油diacylglycerol, DG促代谢型受体metabotropic receptor一氧化氮nitric oxide, NO兴奋excitation阈强度threshold intensity静息电位resting potential极化polarization去极化(除极化) depolarization超射overshoot (potential)“全或无”现象“all or none” phenomenon 绝对不应期absolute refractory period 阈电位threshold (membrane) potential电紧张性扩布electrotonic propagation 空间性总和spatial summation量子式释放quantal release乙酰胆碱acetylcholine, ACh兴奋-收缩耦联excitation-contraction coupling 等张收缩isotonic contraction单收缩single twitch前负荷preload初长度initial length(肌肉)收缩能力contractility (of muscle)张力-速度(关系)曲线force velocity (relation) curve第三章血液【专业英语词汇】血浆plasma粘滞性viscosity胶体渗透压colloid osmotic pressure造血微环境hemopoietic microenvironment 血细胞比容hematocrit晶体渗透压crystal osmotic pressure 渗透脆性osmotic fragility悬浮稳定性suspension stability红细胞沉降率erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ESR 集落刺激因子colony stimulating factor, CSF内因子intrinsic factor促红细胞生成素e rythropoietin, EPO血小板粘附thrombocyte adhesion血栓烷A2(血栓素A2) thromboxane A2, TXA2血液凝固blood coagulation凝血因子blood clotting factor外源性凝血extrinsic coagulation纤维蛋白溶解系统fibrinolytic system 爆式促进因子burst promoting actvator,BPA肝素heparin生理性止血physiological hemostasis血小板聚集thrombocyte aggregation 前列环素prostacyclin, PGI2血清serum内源性凝血intrinsic coagulation 凝血酶thrombin纤溶酶原plasminogen组织因子途径抑制物 tissue factor pathway inhibitor, TFPI纤溶酶(血浆素) plasmin(红细胞)凝集 agglutination凝集素 agglutinin交叉配血试验 cross-match test 血型blood group凝集原agglutinogen人白细胞抗原human leukocyte antigen, HLA成分输血transfusion of blood components第四章血液循环【专业英语词汇】心动周期cardiac cycle心室舒张期ventricular diastole 快速射血期rapid ejection period 心音cardiac sound每搏输出量(搏出量) stroke volume output 心输出量cardiac output 心房收缩期atrial systole等容收缩期isovolumic systole减慢充盈期reduced filling period 心音图phonocardiogram射血分数ejection fraction心指数cardiac index心脏作功(量) myocardial work心力储备cardiac reserve传导性conductivity有效不应期effective refractory period 代偿间歇compensatory pause起搏点pacemaker异位心律ectopic rhythm超速驱动压抑overdrive suppression心电图electrocardiogram, ECG 阻力血管resistant vessel容量血管capacitance vessel血流量blood flow血流速度velocity of blood flow顺应性compliance收缩压systolic pressure脉搏压(脉压) pulse pressure中心静脉压central venous pressure 微循环microcirculation直捷通路thoroughfare channel迂回通路circuitous channel重吸收reabsorption缩血管神经纤维v asoconstrictor fiber心血管中枢cardiovascular center压力感受器baroreceptor心肺感受器cardiopulmonary receptor 化学感受器chemoreceptor脑内渗透压感受器brain osmoreceptor 心室功能曲线ventricular function curve 自动节律性(自律性) autorhythmicity平台(期) plateau期前收缩premature systole起搏离子流pacemaker current窦性心律(normal) sinus rhythm抢先占领capture, preoccupation房-室延搁atrioventricular delay弹性储器血管windkessel vessel毛细血管前阻力血管precapillary resistant vessel短路血管shunt vessel血压blood pressure外周阻力peripheral resistance舒张压diastolic pressure动脉脉搏arterial pulse静脉回心血量venous return毛细血管前括约肌precapillary sphincter动-静脉短路arteriovenous shunt滤过filtration有效滤过压effctive filtration pressure, EFP 舒血管神经纤维vasodilator fiber压力感受性反射baroreceptor reflex缓冲神经buffer nerve容量感受器volume receptor防御反应defence reaction肾素-血管紧张素系统renin-angiotensin system循环系统平均充盈压mean circulatory filling pressure血管紧张素转换酶angiotensin-converting enzyme, ACE肾上腺素epinephrine, E, or adrenalone, A去甲肾上腺素norepinephrine, NE, or noradrenalone, NA血管升压素(抗利尿激素) vasopressin, VP (antidiuretic hormone, ADH) 血管活性肠肽vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, VIP内皮舒张因子endothelium-derived relaxing factor, EDRF内皮缩血管因子endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor factor, EDRF激肽释放酶-激肽系统kallikrein-kinin system血管舒张素kalidin前列腺素prostaglandin, PG冠脉循环coronary circulation血-脑屏障blood-brain barrier, BBB 缓激肽bradykinin心房钠尿肽atrial natriuretic peptide, ANP 组胺histamine腺苷adenosine血-脑脊液屏障blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier第五章呼吸【专业英语名词】呼吸respiration吸气inspiration腹式呼吸abdominal breathing平静呼吸eupn(o)ea,or quiet breathing 呼吸困难dysp(o)nea气胸pneumothorax比顺应性specific compliance气道阻力airway resistance 肺通气pulmonary ventilation 呼气expiration胸式呼吸thoracic breathing用力呼吸forced breathing肺内压intrapulmonary pressure 胸膜腔内压intrapleural pressure肺表面活性物质p ulmonary surfactant潮气量tidal volume, TV补吸气量(吸气储备量) inspiratory reserve volume, IRV补呼气量(呼气储备量) exspiratory reserve volume, ERV功能残气量(功能余气量) functional residual capacity, FRC残气量(余气量) residual volume, RV肺活量vital capacity, VC时间肺活量timed vital capacity肺总量total lung capacity, TLC 解剖无效腔anatomical dead space 肺泡通气量alveolar ventilation气体扩散速率diffusion rate of gas氧合oxygenation氧含量oxygen content氧解离曲线 oxygen dissociation curve肺牵张反射pulmonary stretch reflex 深吸气量inspiratory capacity, IC用力肺活量forced vital capacity, FVC用力呼气量forced expiratory volume, FEV 每分通气量minute ventilation volume肺泡无效腔alveolar dead space气体交换gas exchange通气/血流比值ventilation/perfusion ratio氧容量oxygen capacity氧饱和度oxygen saturation呼吸调整中枢pneumotaxic center吸气切断机制inspiratory off-switch mechanism第六章消化和吸收【专业英语名词】消化digestion基本电节律basic electrical rhythm, BER 粘膜下神经丛submucosal plexus胃肠激素gastrointestinal hormone胆囊收缩素cholecystokinin, CCK抑胃肽gastric inhibitory polypeptide 唾液saliva胃液gastric juice 吸收absorption慢波slow wave肌间神经丛myenteric plexus 胃泌素gastrin胰泌素secretin营养作用trophic action蠕动peristalsis盐酸hydrochloric acid胃蛋白酶原pepsinogen粘液-碳酸氢盐屏障mucus-bicarbonate barrier 假饲sham-feeding胃泌素释放肽gastrin-releasing peptide, GRP 肠-胃反射entero-gastric reflex胃排空gastric emptying胰液pancreatic juice胰脂肪酶lipase胰蛋白酶trypsin糜蛋白酶chymotrypsin胆汁bile, or gall 胃蛋白酶pepsin生长抑素somatostatin蛙皮素bombesin肠抑胃素enterogastrone容受性舒张receptive relaxation 迷走-迷走反射vago-vagal reflex 胰淀粉酶pancreatic amylase 胰蛋白酶原trypsinogen糜蛋白酶原chymotrypsinogen 肠致活酶enterokinase胆盐bile salt胆盐的肠肝循环e nterohepatic circulation of bile salt排便defection 分节运动segmentation contraction 第七章能量代谢和体温【专业英语词汇】能量代谢energy metabolism食物的热价thermal equivalent of food 氧债oxygen debt呼吸商respiratory quotient, RQ氧热价(氧卡价) thermal equivalent of oxygen (caloric value of oxygen)食物特殊动力效应specific dynamic effect of food体温body temperature生物节律biorhythm战栗产热shivering thermogenesis寒冷性肌紧张thermal muscle tone辐射散热thermal radiation对流散热thermal convection不感蒸发(不显汗) insensible perspiration 体温调节regulation of body temperature 热敏神经元warm-sensitive neuron 基础代谢率basal metabolism rate, BMR 昼夜节律circadian rhythm生物钟biologic clock产热heat production, or thermogenesis 散热thermolysis, or body heat loss 传导散热thermal conduction蒸发(散热) evaporation发汗perspiration, or sweating调定点set point冷敏神经元cold-sensitive neuron致热源pyrogen视前区-下丘脑前部preoptic-anterior hypothylamus area, POAH 第八章尿的生成和排出【专业英语词汇】尿生成urine formation球旁器(近球小体) juxtaglomerular apparatus 肾血流量renal blood flow肾小球滤过率glomerular filtration rate, GFR 滤过平衡filtration equibibrium分泌secretion尿的浓缩urine concentration渗透性利尿osmotic diuresis定比重吸收constant fraction reabsorption 内移(内化) internalization醛固酮aldosterone菊粉(菊糖) inulin 尿排出urine excretion致密斑macula densa管-球反馈tubuloglomerular feedback 滤过分数filtration fraction肾血浆流量renal plasma flow肾糖阈renal glucose threshold尿的稀释urine dilution球-管平衡glomerulotubular balance 回漏back leak水利尿water diuresis清除率clearance排尿micturition第九章感觉器官的功能【专业英语词汇】感觉器官sense organ适宜刺激adequate stimulus发生器电位generator potential编码(作用) encoding视觉vision视敏度(视力) visual acuity近点near point眼球会聚convergence of the eyeball 视杆细胞rod晚光觉系统 nightlight perceptive system视锥系统cone system视紫红质rhodopsin视黄醛retinene暗适应dark adaptation视野visual field气传导air conduction螺旋器(柯蒂器) Corti’s organ 感受器receptor换能作用transducer function感受器电位receptor potential适应adaptation简化眼reduced eye(眼的)调节accommodation (of the eye) 瞳孔近反射pupillary near reflex瞳孔对光反射pupillary light reflex视杆系统rod system视锥细胞cone昼光觉系统daylight perceptive system 视蛋白opsin传递蛋白transducin明适应light adaptation听觉audition骨传导bone conduction行波理论travelling wave theory(耳蜗)微音器电位(cochlear) microphonic potential前庭自主神经性反应vestibular autonervous reaction平衡感觉quilibrium sensation嗅觉olfactory sensation, or smell 皮肤感觉cutaneous sensation温度觉temperature sensation 眼震颤nystagmus味觉gustatory sensation, or taste 触-压觉touch and pressure sensation 痛觉pain第十章神经系统的功能【专业英语词汇】神经冲动nerve impulse 神经营养性因子n eurotrophin, NT 顺向轴浆运输anterograde anxoplasmic transport逆向轴浆运输retrograde axoplasmic transport兴奋性突触后电位excitatory postsynaptic potential, EPSP抑制性突触后电位inhibitory postsynaptic potential, IPSP突触后抑制 postsynaptic inhibition突触前易化 presynaptic facilitation回返性抑制 recurrent inhibition强直后增强 posttetanic potentiation敏感化sensitization长时程抑制 long-term depression, LTD 突触前抑制presynaptic inhibition传入侧支性抑制afferent collateral inhibition 可塑性plasticity习惯化habituation长时程增强long-term potentiation, LTP 突触延搁synaptic delay非突触性化学传递non-synaptic chemical transmission电突触传递 electrical synaptic transmission局部神经元回路l ocal neuronal circuit, LNC交互性突触reciprocal synapse神经调质neuromodulator递质共存coexistence of transmitters同源脱敏homologous desensitization 胆碱能纤维cholinergic fiber毒蕈碱样作用muscarine-like action烟碱样作用nicotine-like action肌肉型烟碱受体m uscle-type nicotinic receptor儿茶酚胺catecholamine肾上腺素能纤维a drenergic fiber 局部回路神经元local circuit neuron, LCN串联性突触serial synapse神经递质neurotransmitter调制作用modulation突触前受体presynaptic receptor异源脱敏heterologous desensitization胆碱能受体cholinergic receptor毒蕈碱受体muscarinic receptor烟碱受体nicotinic receptor神经元型烟碱受体neuronal-type nicotinic receptor 多巴胺dopamine, DA肾上腺素能受体adrenergic receptor5-羟色胺5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT or serotonin谷氨酸glutamic acid, or glutamate 非条件反射unconditioned reflex辐散状联系divergence connection后放(后发放) after discharge多突触反射polysynaptic reflex非特异投射系统n on-specificprojection system γ-氨基丁酸γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA 条件反射conditioned reflex聚合状联系convergence connection单突触反射monosynaptic reflex特异投射系统specific projection system 感觉柱sensory column网状结构上行激动系统ascending reticular activating system本体感觉peoprioception皮层诱发电evoked cortical potential 牵涉痛referred pain脑电图electroencephalogram, EEG自发脑电活动spontaneous electric activity of the brainα波阻断alpha blocking脑电觉醒electroencephalogram arousal 快波睡眠fast wave sleep, FWS快速眼球运动rapid eye movements, REM 最后公路final common path腱反射tendon reflex肌梭muscle spindle随意运动voluntary movement锥体系pyramidal system脊休克spinal shock屈肌反射flexor reflex去大脑僵直decerebrate rigidity翻正反射righting reflex静止性震颤static tremor意向性震颤intention tremor交感神经sympathetic nerve 行为觉醒behavioral arousal慢波睡眠slow wave sleep, SWS 异相睡眠paradoxical sleep, PS 上行抑制系统ascending inhibitory system 牵张反射stretch reflex肌紧张muscle tonus梭内肌纤维intrafusal fiber运动柱motor column锥体外系extrapyramidal system 姿势反射postural reflex对侧伸肌反射crossed extensor reflex 状态反射attitudinal reflex震颤麻痹paralysis agitans舞蹈病chorea小脑性共济失调cerebellar ataxia副交感神经parasympathetic nerve下丘脑调节肽hypothalamus regulatory peptide, HRP边缘系统limbic system 本能行为instinctual behavior情绪反应emotional reaction饱中枢satiety center假怒sham rage奖赏系统reward system惩罚系统punishment system动机motivation操作式条件反射operate conditioned reflex 长时性记忆long term memory失写症agraphia失读症alexia失用症apraxia 摄食中枢feeding center格斗-逃避反应fight-flight reaction防御反应区defense zone趋向系统approach system回避系统avoidance system强化reinforcement短时性记忆short term memory运动失语症motor aphasia感觉失语症sensory aphasia一侧优势laterality cerebral dominance 裂脑split brain第十一章内分泌【专业英语词汇】内分泌endocrine自分泌autocrine允许作用permissive action增量调节(上调) up regulation远距分泌telecrine神经激素neurohormone亲和力affinity减量调节(下调) down regulation促甲状腺激素释放激素thyrotropin-releasing hormone, TRH促性腺激素释放激素gonadotropin-releasing hormone, GnRH生长素释放抑制激素(生长抑素) growth hormone releasing-inhibiting hormone, GHRIH,or somatostatin生长素释放激素growth hormone releasing hormone, GHRH促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素corticotropin releasing hormone, CRH催乳素释放抑制因子prolactin releasing-inhibiting factor, PIF促黑(素细胞)激素释放抑制因子melanophore-stimulating hormone releasing-inhibiting factor, MIF促黑(素细胞)激素释放因子melanophore-stimulating hormone releasing factor, MRF促甲状腺激素thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH促卵泡激素follicle stimulating hormone, FSH促黑(素细胞)激素melanophore stimulating hormone, MSH催乳素释放因子prolactin releasing factor, PRF促肾上腺皮质激素adrenocorticotropin, ACTH胰岛素样生长因子insulin-like growth factor, IGF黄体生成素luteinizing hormone, LH催乳素prolactin, PRL生长素介质somatomedin, SM甲状腺素(四碘甲腺原氨酸) thyroxin, or 3,5,3’,5’-tetraiodoythyronine, T4甲状旁腺激素parathyroid hormone, PTH1,25-二羟胆钙化醇1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol盐皮质激素mineralocorticoid雌二醇estradiol, E2应急反应emergency reaction胰高血糖素glucagon褪黑素melatonin, MT第十二章生殖【专业英语词汇】生殖reproduction睾酮testosterone, T 抑制素inhibin排卵ovulation月经周期menstrual cycle 孕激素progestogen妊娠pregnancy着床implantation 生精作用spermatogenesis雄激素androgen,or androgenic hormone 生卵作用oogenesis月经menstruation雌激素estrogen孕酮progesterone, P受精fertilization分娩parturition人绒毛膜促性腺激素human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG。
431专业英语词汇
431专业英语词汇专业英语词汇在不同领域中有着不同的特点和用法。
以下是一些常见的专业英语词汇，涵盖了不同领域的词汇：1. 医学领域，anatomy（解剖学）、physiology（生理学）、pharmacy（药房）、diagnosis（诊断）、treatment（治疗）、surgery（手术）、vaccine（疫苗）、symptom（症状）、prescription（处方）等。
2. 工程领域，mechanical engineering（机械工程）、civil engineering（土木工程）、electrical engineering（电气工程）、computer engineering（计算机工程）、structural analysis（结构分析）、project management（项目管理）、quality control（质量控制）等。
3. 商业领域，marketing（市场营销）、finance（金融）、accounting（会计）、management（管理）、advertising（广告）、investment（投资）、entrepreneurship（创业精神）、business administration（工商管理）等。
4. 教育领域，pedagogy（教育学）、curriculum（课程设置）、instruction（教学）、assessment（评估）、classroom management（课堂管理）、educational psychology（教育心理学）、special education（特殊教育）等。
5. 科学领域，biology（生物学）、chemistry（化学）、physics（物理学）、astronomy（天文学）、geology（地质学）、environmental science（环境科学）、research（研究）、experiment（实验）等。
医学领域英语词汇全集
医学领域英语词汇全集以下是医学领域常用的英语词汇全集，供参考：1. Anatomy（解剖学）- Skeleton（骨骼）- Muscles（肌肉）- Organs（器官）- Nerves（神经）2. Physiology（生理学）- Circulatory system（循环系统）- Respiratory system（呼吸系统）- Digestive system（消化系统）- Endocrine system（内分泌系统）3. Diseases（疾病）- Cancer（癌症）- Diabetes（糖尿病）- Hypertension（高血压）- Influenza（流感）4. Medical Procedures（医疗程序）- Surgery（外科手术）- Radiology（放射学）- Physical therapy（物理疗法）- Chemotherapy（化疗）5. Medications（药物）- Antibiotics（抗生素）- Analgesics（止痛药）- Antidepressants（抗抑郁药）- Antihistamines（抗组胺药）6. Medical Equipment（医疗设备）- Stethoscope（听诊器）- X-ray machine（X光机）- Ultrasound machine（超声波机）- Blood pressure monitor（血压计）7. Medical Specialties（医学专业）- Cardiology（心脏病学）- Dermatology（皮肤病学）- Gynecology（妇科学）- Pediatrics（儿科学）8. Medical Ethics（医学伦理）- Informed consent（知情同意）- Confidentiality（保密性）- Patient autonomy（患者自主权）- Non-maleficence（不伤害原则）9. Medical Research（医学研究）- Clinical trials（临床试验）- Case studies（病例研究）- Epidemiology（流行病学）- Genetic research（遗传研究）以上是医学领域常用的英语词汇全集。
医学专业英语词汇：深度解析
医学专业英语词汇：深度解析1. 引言本文将深入解析医学专业英语中的一些重要词汇，旨在帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些词汇。
2. 词汇解析2.1. Anatomy（解剖学）Anatomy是指解剖学，研究生物体的各种结构和器官之间的关系。
在医学专业英语中，anatomy是一个非常重要的词汇，常用于描述人体结构和器官的名称和特征。
2.2. Physiology（生理学）Physiology是指生理学，研究生物体的各种生命活动和功能。
在医学专业英语中，physiology经常用于描述人体各种系统的功能和调节机制。
2.3. Pathology（病理学）Pathology是指病理学，研究疾病的本质、起因和发展过程。
在医学专业英语中，pathology常用于描述疾病的名称、病理变化和诊断方法。
2.4. Pharmacology（药理学）Pharmacology是指药理学，研究药物的作用机制和药物与生物体之间的相互作用。
在医学专业英语中，pharmacology常用于描述药物的分类、药理作用和副作用。
2.5. Diagnosis（诊断）Diagnosis是指诊断，通过对病人的病史、体格检查和实验室检查等综合分析，确定疾病的名称和性质。
在医学专业英语中，diagnosis常用于描述医生对病人进行的诊断过程和结果。
2.6. Treatment（治疗）Treatment是指治疗，采取各种医疗手段和药物措施来治疗疾病。
在医学专业英语中，treatment常用于描述医生对病人进行的治疗方法和方案。
2.7. Prognosis（预后）Prognosis是指预后，根据疾病的性质和治疗效果，对病人的康复情况进行预测。
在医学专业英语中，prognosis常用于描述疾病的预后和病人的康复情况。
3. 结论本文深入解析了医学专业英语中的一些重要词汇，包括anatomy、physiology、pathology、pharmacology、diagnosis、treatment和prognosis。
医学专业英语必备词汇
医学专业英语必备词汇1. Anatomy - 解剖学2. Physiology - 生理学3. Pathology - 病理学4. Pharmacology - 药理学5. Microbiology - 微生物学6. Immunology - 免疫学7. Radiology - 放射学8. Dermatology - 皮肤科学9. Cardiology - 心脏病学10. Gastroenterology - 肠胃病学11. Neurology - 神经病学12. Nephrology - 肾病学13. Hematology - 血液学14. Oncology - 肿瘤学15. Orthopedics - 骨科学16. Ophthalmology - 眼科学17. Obstetrics - 产科学18. Gynecology - 妇科学19. Pediatrics - 小儿科学20. Endocrinology - 内分泌学21. Psychiatry - 精神病学22. Surgery - 外科学23. Anesthesia - 麻醉学24. Radiography - X射线技术25. EKG (Electrocardiogram) - 心电图26. CT Scan (Computerized Tomography) - 计算机断层扫描27. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) - 磁共振成像28. Ultrasound - 超声波29. Biopsy - 活检30. Diagnosis - 诊断31. Treatment - 治疗32. Prescription - 处方33. Medication - 药物34. Surgery - 手术35. Vaccine - 疫苗36. Epidemic - 流行病37. Pandemic - 大流行病38. Symptom - 症状39. Infection - 感染40. Contagious - 传染性的41. Immunity - 免疫力42. Antibiotic - 抗生素43. Antiviral - 抗病毒药物44. Antiseptic - 杀菌剂45. Anesthesia - 麻醉46. Sterilization - 灭菌47. Rehabilitation - 康复48. Prognosis - 预后49. Chronic - 慢性的50. Acute - 急性的。
医学英语专业词汇表
医学英语专业词汇表医学英语专业词汇表Anatomy(解剖学)Abdomen(腹部)Bone(骨骼)Brain(大脑)Cardiovascular system(心血管系统) Digestive system(消化系统)Muscles(肌肉)Organs(器官)Skeleton(骨架)Skin(皮肤)1.Physiology(生理学)Autonomic nervous system(自主神经系统) Biochemical reactions(生化反应)Cell structure and function(细胞结构与功能) Endocrine system(内分泌系统)Energy metabolism(能量代谢)Fluid balance and circulation(水分平衡与循环) Immune system(免疫系统)Metabolism(新陈代谢)Nervous system(神经系统)Respiration(呼吸)Circulatory system(循环系统)1.Medical Terminology(医学术语)Adrenal gland(肾上腺)Arthritis(关节炎)Asthma(哮喘)Back pain(背痛)Blood pressure(血压)Cancer(癌症)Cardiovascular disease(心血管疾病)Diabetes mellitus(糖尿病)Ear infection(耳部感染)Fever(发热)Heart attack(心肌梗死)Heart disease(心脏病)Influenza(流感)Kidney stones(肾结石)这只是一个简短的医学英语专业词汇表，涵盖了一些基本的医学领域。
如果您想深入学习医学英语，建议您查阅相关的教材、课程和资源。
生理学教学大纲[008]
![生理学教学大纲[008]](https://360docs-1393072327.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/29014204a32d7375a4178056.webp)
生理学专业英语词汇第一章绪论【专业英语词汇】生理学physiology内环境internal environment 神经调节nervous regulation 体液调节humoral regulation 旁分泌paracrine自身调节autoregulation正反馈positive feedback 组织液interstitial fluid稳态homeostasis反射弧reflex arc激素hormone神经分泌neurosecretion, neurocrine 负反馈negative feedback前馈feed-forward第二章细胞的基本功能【专业英语词汇】单纯扩散simple diffusion失活inactivation钠-钾泵sodium-potassium pump 入胞endocytosis 易化扩散facilitated diffusion主动转运active transport出胞exocytosis化学门控通道chemically gated channel跨膜信号转导transmembrane signal transduction电压门控通道voltage-gated channel 促离子型受体ionotrpic receptor 鸟苷酸结合蛋白, G-蛋白g uanine uncleotide-binding protein, G-protein环一磷酸腺苷cycle adenosine monophosphate, cAMP第二信使second messenger三磷酸肌醇inositol triphosphate, IP3G-蛋白耦联受体G-protein coupled receptor 酪氨酸激酶受体t yrosine kinase receptor兴奋性excitability刺激stimulus阈值threshold动作电位action potential超极化hyperpolarization复极化repolarization锋电位spike potential膜片钳patch clamp相对不应期relative refractory period 局部兴奋local excitation时间性总和temporal summation跳跃式传导saltatory conduction终板电位end-plate potential 磷脂酶C phospholipase C二酰甘油diacylglycerol, DG促代谢型受体metabotropic receptor一氧化氮nitric oxide, NO兴奋excitation阈强度threshold intensity静息电位resting potential极化polarization去极化(除极化) depolarization超射overshoot (potential)“全或无”现象“all or none” phenomenon 绝对不应期absolute refractory period 阈电位threshold (membrane) potential电紧张性扩布electrotonic propagation 空间性总和spatial summation量子式释放quantal release胆碱酯酶cholinesterase滑行理论sliding theory等长收缩isometric contraction 完全强直收缩complete tetanus后负荷afterload长度-张力曲线length-tension curve 乙酰胆碱acetylcholine, ACh兴奋-收缩耦联excitation-contraction coupling 等张收缩isotonic contraction单收缩single twitch前负荷preload初长度initial length(肌肉)收缩能力contractility (of muscle)张力-速度(关系)曲线force velocity (relation) curve 钙调蛋白calmodulin, CaM第三章血液【专业英语词汇】血浆plasma粘滞性viscosity胶体渗透压colloid osmotic pressure造血微环境hemopoietic microenvironment 血细胞比容hematocrit晶体渗透压crystal osmotic pressure 渗透脆性osmotic fragility悬浮稳定性suspension stability红细胞沉降率erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ESR 集落刺激因子colony stimulating factor, CSF内因子intrinsic factor促红细胞生成素e rythropoietin, EPO血小板粘附thrombocyte adhesion血栓烷A2(血栓素A2) thromboxane A2, TXA2血液凝固blood coagulation凝血因子blood clotting factor外源性凝血extrinsic coagulation纤维蛋白溶解系统fibrinolytic system 爆式促进因子burst promoting actvator,BPA肝素heparin生理性止血physiological hemostasis血小板聚集thrombocyte aggregation 前列环素prostacyclin, PGI2血清serum内源性凝血intrinsic coagulation 凝血酶thrombin纤溶酶原plasminogen组织因子途径抑制物 tissue factor pathway inhibitor, TFPI纤溶酶(血浆素) plasmin(红细胞)凝集 agglutination凝集素 agglutinin交叉配血试验 cross-match test 血型blood group凝集原agglutinogen人白细胞抗原human leukocyte antigen, HLA成分输血transfusion of blood components第四章血液循环【专业英语词汇】心动周期cardiac cycle心室舒张期ventricular diastole 快速射血期rapid ejection period 心房收缩期atrial systole等容收缩期isovolumic systole减慢充盈期reduced filling period心音cardiac sound每搏输出量(搏出量) stroke volume output 心输出量cardiac output 心音图phonocardiogram 射血分数ejection fraction 心指数cardiac index心脏作功(量) myocardial work心力储备cardiac reserve传导性conductivity有效不应期effective refractory period 代偿间歇compensatory pause起搏点pacemaker异位心律ectopic rhythm超速驱动压抑overdrive suppression心电图electrocardiogram, ECG 阻力血管resistant vessel容量血管capacitance vessel血流量blood flow血流速度velocity of blood flow顺应性compliance收缩压systolic pressure脉搏压(脉压) pulse pressure中心静脉压central venous pressure 微循环microcirculation直捷通路thoroughfare channel迂回通路circuitous channel重吸收reabsorption缩血管神经纤维v asoconstrictor fiber心血管中枢cardiovascular center压力感受器baroreceptor心肺感受器cardiopulmonary receptor 化学感受器chemoreceptor脑内渗透压感受器brain osmoreceptor 心室功能曲线ventricular function curve 自动节律性(自律性) autorhythmicity平台(期) plateau期前收缩premature systole起搏离子流pacemaker current窦性心律(normal) sinus rhythm抢先占领capture, preoccupation房-室延搁atrioventricular delay弹性储器血管windkessel vessel毛细血管前阻力血管precapillary resistant vessel短路血管shunt vessel血压blood pressure外周阻力peripheral resistance舒张压diastolic pressure动脉脉搏arterial pulse静脉回心血量venous return毛细血管前括约肌precapillary sphincter动-静脉短路arteriovenous shunt滤过filtration有效滤过压effctive filtration pressure, EFP 舒血管神经纤维vasodilator fiber压力感受性反射baroreceptor reflex缓冲神经buffer nerve容量感受器volume receptor防御反应defence reaction肾素-血管紧张素系统renin-angiotensin system循环系统平均充盈压mean circulatory filling pressure血管紧张素转换酶angiotensin-converting enzyme, ACE肾上腺素epinephrine, E, or adrenalone, A去甲肾上腺素norepinephrine, NE, or noradrenalone, NA血管升压素(抗利尿激素) vasopressin, VP (antidiuretic hormone, ADH) 血管活性肠肽vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, VIP内皮舒张因子endothelium-derived relaxing factor, EDRF内皮缩血管因子endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor factor, EDRF激肽释放酶-激肽系统kallikrein-kinin system血管舒张素kalidin前列腺素prostaglandin, PG冠脉循环coronary circulation血-脑屏障blood-brain barrier, BBB 缓激肽bradykinin心房钠尿肽atrial natriuretic peptide, ANP 组胺histamine腺苷adenosine血-脑脊液屏障blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier第五章呼吸【专业英语名词】呼吸respiration吸气inspiration腹式呼吸abdominal breathing平静呼吸eupn(o)ea,or quiet breathing 呼吸困难dysp(o)nea气胸pneumothorax比顺应性specific compliance气道阻力airway resistance 肺通气pulmonary ventilation 呼气expiration胸式呼吸thoracic breathing用力呼吸forced breathing肺内压intrapulmonary pressure 胸膜腔内压intrapleural pressure肺表面活性物质p ulmonary surfactant潮气量tidal volume, TV补吸气量(吸气储备量) inspiratory reserve volume, IRV补呼气量(呼气储备量) exspiratory reserve volume, ERV功能残气量(功能余气量) functional residual capacity, FRC残气量(余气量) residual volume, RV肺活量vital capacity, VC时间肺活量timed vital capacity肺总量total lung capacity, TLC 解剖无效腔anatomical dead space 肺泡通气量alveolar ventilation气体扩散速率diffusion rate of gas氧合oxygenation氧含量oxygen content氧解离曲线 oxygen dissociation curve肺牵张反射pulmonary stretch reflex 深吸气量inspiratory capacity, IC用力肺活量forced vital capacity, FVC用力呼气量forced expiratory volume, FEV 每分通气量minute ventilation volume肺泡无效腔alveolar dead space气体交换gas exchange通气/血流比值ventilation/perfusion ratio氧容量oxygen capacity氧饱和度oxygen saturation呼吸调整中枢pneumotaxic center吸气切断机制inspiratory off-switch mechanism第六章消化和吸收【专业英语名词】消化digestion基本电节律basic electrical rhythm, BER 粘膜下神经丛submucosal plexus胃肠激素gastrointestinal hormone胆囊收缩素cholecystokinin, CCK抑胃肽gastric inhibitory polypeptide 唾液saliva胃液gastric juice 吸收absorption慢波slow wave肌间神经丛myenteric plexus 胃泌素gastrin胰泌素secretin营养作用trophic action蠕动peristalsis盐酸hydrochloric acid胃蛋白酶原pepsinogen粘液-碳酸氢盐屏障mucus-bicarbonate barrier 假饲sham-feeding胃泌素释放肽gastrin-releasing peptide, GRP 肠-胃反射entero-gastric reflex胃排空gastric emptying胰液pancreatic juice胰脂肪酶lipase胰蛋白酶trypsin糜蛋白酶chymotrypsin胆汁bile, or gall 胃蛋白酶pepsin生长抑素somatostatin蛙皮素bombesin肠抑胃素enterogastrone容受性舒张receptive relaxation 迷走-迷走反射vago-vagal reflex 胰淀粉酶pancreatic amylase 胰蛋白酶原trypsinogen糜蛋白酶原chymotrypsinogen 肠致活酶enterokinase胆盐bile salt胆盐的肠肝循环e nterohepatic circulation of bile salt排便defection 分节运动segmentation contraction第七章能量代谢和体温【专业英语词汇】能量代谢energy metabolism食物的热价thermal equivalent of food 氧债oxygen debt呼吸商respiratory quotient, RQ氧热价(氧卡价) thermal equivalent of oxygen (caloric value of oxygen)食物特殊动力效应specific dynamic effect of food体温body temperature生物节律biorhythm战栗产热shivering thermogenesis寒冷性肌紧张thermal muscle tone辐射散热thermal radiation对流散热thermal convection不感蒸发(不显汗) insensible perspiration 体温调节regulation of body temperature 热敏神经元warm-sensitive neuron 基础代谢率basal metabolism rate, BMR 昼夜节律circadian rhythm生物钟biologic clock产热heat production, or thermogenesis 散热thermolysis, or body heat loss 传导散热thermal conduction蒸发(散热) evaporation发汗perspiration, or sweating调定点set point冷敏神经元cold-sensitive neuron致热源pyrogen视前区-下丘脑前部preoptic-anterior hypothylamus area, POAH第八章尿的生成和排出【专业英语词汇】尿生成urine formation球旁器(近球小体) juxtaglomerular apparatus 肾血流量renal blood flow肾小球滤过率glomerular filtration rate, GFR 滤过平衡filtration equibibrium分泌secretion 尿排出urine excretion致密斑macula densa管-球反馈tubuloglomerular feedback 滤过分数filtration fraction肾血浆流量renal plasma flow肾糖阈renal glucose threshold尿的浓缩urine concentration渗透性利尿osmotic diuresis定比重吸收constant fraction reabsorption 内移(内化) internalization醛固酮aldosterone菊粉(菊糖) inulin 尿的稀释urine dilution球-管平衡glomerulotubular balance 回漏back leak水利尿water diuresis清除率clearance排尿micturition第九章感觉器官的功能【专业英语词汇】感觉器官sense organ适宜刺激adequate stimulus发生器电位generator potential编码(作用) encoding视觉vision视敏度(视力) visual acuity近点near point眼球会聚convergence of the eyeball 视杆细胞rod晚光觉系统 nightlight perceptive system视锥系统cone system视紫红质rhodopsin视黄醛retinene暗适应dark adaptation视野visual field气传导air conduction螺旋器(柯蒂器) Corti’s organ 感受器receptor换能作用transducer function感受器电位receptor potential适应adaptation简化眼reduced eye(眼的)调节accommodation (of the eye) 瞳孔近反射pupillary near reflex瞳孔对光反射pupillary light reflex视杆系统rod system视锥细胞cone昼光觉系统daylight perceptive system 视蛋白opsin传递蛋白transducin明适应light adaptation听觉audition骨传导bone conduction行波理论travelling wave theory(耳蜗)微音器电位(cochlear) microphonic potential前庭自主神经性反应vestibular autonervous reaction平衡感觉quilibrium sensation嗅觉olfactory sensation, or smell 皮肤感觉cutaneous sensation温度觉temperature sensation 眼震颤nystagmus味觉gustatory sensation, or taste 触-压觉touch and pressure sensation 痛觉pain第十章神经系统的功能【专业英语词汇】神经冲动nerve impulse 神经营养性因子n eurotrophin, NT 顺向轴浆运输anterograde anxoplasmic transport逆向轴浆运输retrograde axoplasmic transport兴奋性突触后电位excitatory postsynaptic potential, EPSP抑制性突触后电位inhibitory postsynaptic potential, IPSP突触后抑制 postsynaptic inhibition 突触前易化 presynaptic facilitation 突触前抑制presynaptic inhibition传入侧支性抑制afferent collateral inhibition回返性抑制 recurrent inhibition强直后增强 posttetanic potentiation敏感化sensitization长时程抑制 long-term depression, LTD 可塑性plasticity习惯化habituation长时程增强long-term potentiation, LTP 突触延搁synaptic delay非突触性化学传递non-synaptic chemical transmission电突触传递 electrical synaptic transmission局部神经元回路l ocal neuronal circuit, LNC交互性突触reciprocal synapse神经调质neuromodulator递质共存coexistence of transmitters同源脱敏homologous desensitization 胆碱能纤维cholinergic fiber毒蕈碱样作用muscarine-like action烟碱样作用nicotine-like action肌肉型烟碱受体m uscle-type nicotinic receptor儿茶酚胺catecholamine肾上腺素能纤维a drenergic fiber 局部回路神经元local circuit neuron, LCN串联性突触serial synapse神经递质neurotransmitter调制作用modulation突触前受体presynaptic receptor异源脱敏heterologous desensitization胆碱能受体cholinergic receptor毒蕈碱受体muscarinic receptor烟碱受体nicotinic receptor神经元型烟碱受体neuronal-type nicotinic receptor 多巴胺dopamine, DA肾上腺素能受体adrenergic receptor5-羟色胺5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT or serotonin谷氨酸glutamic acid, or glutamate 非条件反射unconditioned reflex辐散状联系divergence connection后放(后发放) after discharge多突触反射polysynaptic reflex非特异投射系统n on-specificprojection system γ-氨基丁酸γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA 条件反射conditioned reflex聚合状联系convergence connection单突触反射monosynaptic reflex特异投射系统specific projection system 感觉柱sensory column网状结构上行激动系统ascending reticular activating system本体感觉peoprioception皮层诱发电evoked cortical potential 牵涉痛referred pain脑电图electroencephalogram, EEG自发脑电活动spontaneous electric activity of the brain波阻断alpha blocking脑电觉醒electroencephalogram arousal 快波睡眠fast wave sleep, FWS快速眼球运动rapid eye movements, REM 最后公路final common path腱反射tendon reflex肌梭muscle spindle随意运动voluntary movement锥体系pyramidal system脊休克spinal shock屈肌反射flexor reflex去大脑僵直decerebrate rigidity翻正反射righting reflex静止性震颤static tremor意向性震颤intention tremor交感神经sympathetic nerve 行为觉醒behavioral arousal慢波睡眠slow wave sleep, SWS 异相睡眠paradoxical sleep, PS 上行抑制系统ascending inhibitory system 牵张反射stretch reflex肌紧张muscle tonus梭内肌纤维intrafusal fiber运动柱motor column锥体外系extrapyramidal system 姿势反射postural reflex对侧伸肌反射crossed extensor reflex 状态反射attitudinal reflex震颤麻痹paralysis agitans舞蹈病chorea小脑性共济失调cerebellar ataxia副交感神经parasympathetic nerve下丘脑调节肽hypothalamus regulatory peptide, HRP边缘系统limbic system情绪反应emotional reaction饱中枢satiety center假怒sham rage奖赏系统reward system惩罚系统punishment system动机motivation操作式条件反射operate conditioned reflex 长时性记忆long term memory失写症agraphia失读症alexia失用症apraxia 本能行为instinctual behavior摄食中枢feeding center格斗-逃避反应fight-flight reaction防御反应区defense zone趋向系统approach system回避系统avoidance system强化reinforcement短时性记忆short term memory运动失语症motor aphasia感觉失语症sensory aphasia一侧优势laterality cerebral dominance 裂脑split brain第十一章内分泌【专业英语词汇】内分泌endocrine自分泌autocrine允许作用permissive action增量调节(上调) up regulation远距分泌telecrine神经激素neurohormone亲和力affinity减量调节(下调) down regulation促甲状腺激素释放激素thyrotropin-releasing hormone, TRH促性腺激素释放激素gonadotropin-releasing hormone, GnRH生长素释放抑制激素(生长抑素) growth hormone releasing-inhibiting hormone, GHRIH,or somatostatin生长素释放激素growth hormone releasing hormone, GHRH促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素corticotropin releasing hormone, CRH催乳素释放抑制因子prolactin releasing-inhibiting factor, PIF促黑(素细胞)激素释放抑制因子melanophore-stimulating hormone releasing-inhibiting factor, MIF促黑(素细胞)激素释放因子melanophore-stimulating hormone releasing factor, MRF促甲状腺激素thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH促卵泡激素follicle stimulating hormone, FSH促黑(素细胞)激素melanophore stimulating hormone, MSH催乳素释放因子prolactin releasing factor, PRF促肾上腺皮质激素adrenocorticotropin, ACTH胰岛素样生长因子insulin-like growth factor, IGF黄体生成素luteinizing hormone, LH催乳素prolactin, PRL生长素介质somatomedin, SM甲状腺素(四碘甲腺原氨酸) thyroxin, or 3,5,3’,5’-tetraiodoythyronine, T4甲状旁腺激素parathyroid hormone, PTH1,25-二羟胆钙化醇1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol盐皮质激素mineralocorticoid雌二醇estradiol, E2应急反应emergency reaction胰高血糖素glucagon褪黑素melatonin, MT第十二章生殖【专业英语词汇】生殖reproduction睾酮testosterone, T 抑制素inhibin排卵ovulation月经周期menstrual cycle 孕激素progestogen妊娠pregnancy着床implantation 生精作用spermatogenesis雄激素androgen,or androgenic hormone 生卵作用oogenesis月经menstruation雌激素estrogen孕酮progesterone, P受精fertilization分娩parturition人绒毛膜促性腺激素human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG。
医学学术英语主要词汇汇总单词
医学学术英语主要词汇汇总单词以下是医学学术英语中的一些主要词汇：1. Anatomy 解剖学2. Physiology 生理学3. Pathology 病理学4. Pharmacology 药理学5. Epidemiology 流行病学6. Microbiology 微生物学7. Immunology 免疫学8. Genetics 遗传学9. Biochemistry 生物化学10. Molecular biology 分子生物学11. Biotechnology 生物技术12. Radiology 放射学13. Cardiology 心脏病学14. Neurology 神经病学15. Oncology 肿瘤学16. Gastroenterology 胃肠病学17. Pediatrics 儿科学18. Obstetrics and gynecology 妇产科学19. Psychiatry 精神病学20. Dermatology 皮肤病学21. Ophthalmology 眼科学22. Orthopedics 骨科学23. Anesthesiology 麻醉学24. Surgery 外科学25. Cardiac surgery 心脏外科学26. Neurosurgery 神经外科学27. Radiography 放射线摄影术28. Ultrasound 超声波29. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像30. Laboratory 实验室31. Clinical 临床的32. Diagnosis 诊断33. Treatment 治疗34. Prognosis 预后35. Symptoms 症状36. Disease 疾病37. Virus 病毒38. Bacteria 细菌39. Infection 感染40. Immune system 免疫系统41. Cell 细胞42. DNA DNA43. RNA RNA44. Protein 蛋白质45. Enzyme 酶46. Antibiotic 抗生素47. Epidemic 流行病48. Pandemic 大规模的流行病49. Outbreak 爆发50. Vaccine 疫苗。
精选医学专业英语词汇大全
精选医学专业英语词汇大全1. Anatomy (解剖学)- Abdomen: 腹部- Brain: 大脑- Heart: 心脏- Kidney: 肾脏- Liver: 肝脏- Lungs: 肺- Stomach: 胃- Spine: 脊柱2. Physiology (生理学)- Blood pressure: 血压- Digestion: 消化- Respiration: 呼吸- Circulation: 循环- Metabolism: 新陈代谢- Hormones: 激素- Nervous system: 神经系统- Immune system: 免疫系统3. Diseases and Conditions (疾病与病况) - Diabetes: 糖尿病- Cancer: 癌症- Asthma: 哮喘- Hypertension: 高血压- Arthritis: 关节炎- Depression: 抑郁症- Obesity: 肥胖症- Pneumonia: 肺炎4. Medical Procedures (医疗程序)- Surgery: 手术- X-ray: X射线- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): 磁共振成像- Blood test: 血液检查- Vaccination: 疫苗接种- Dialysis: 透析- Chemotherapy: 化疗5. Medical Specialties (医学专科) - Cardiology: 心脏病学- Dermatology: 皮肤科- Gastroenterology: 胃肠病学- Neurology: 神经学- Psychiatry: 精神病学- Obstetrics and Gynecology: 妇产科- Orthopedics: 骨科- Pediatrics: 儿科6. Medical Instruments (医疗器械) - Stethoscope: 听诊器- Thermometer: 温度计- Sphygmomanometer: 血压计- Scalpel: 解剖刀- Syringe: 注射器- Electrocardiograph: 心电图仪- Ultrasound machine: 超声波机- Endoscope: 内窥镜以上是一份精选医学专业英语词汇大全，涵盖了解剖学、生理学、疾病与病况、医疗程序、医学专科和医疗器械等方面的词汇。
生物学英语中英对照
生物学英语中英对照1. 遗传学 Genetics基因 Gene染色体 Chromosome遗传变异 Genetic variation2. 细胞生物学 Cell Biology细胞 Cell细胞核 Nucleus细胞膜 Cell membrane3. 生态学 Ecology生态系统 Ecosystem生物多样性 Biodiversity生物群落 Biome4. 分子生物学 Molecular Biology蛋白质 Protein核酸 Nucleic acid酶 Enzyme5. 发育生物学 Developmental Biology胚胎发育 Embryonic development细胞分化 Cell differentiation形态发生 Morphogenesis6. 植物学 Botany叶绿体 Chloroplast光合作用 Photosynthesis根系 Root system7. 动物学 Zoology器官 Organ组织 Tissue神经系统 Nervous system8. 微生物学 Microbiology细菌 Bacteria病毒 Virus真菌 Fungus9. 生物化学 Biochemistry代谢 MetabolismATP（三磷酸腺苷） ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)酶促反应 Enzymatic reaction10. 生理学 Physiology心脏 Heart肺 Lung肝脏 Liver生物学英语中英对照（续）11. 进化生物学 Evolutionary Biology自然选择 Natural selection物种形成 Speciation进化树 Evolutionary tree12. 行为生物学 Behavioral Biology繁殖行为 Reproductive behavior领域行为 Territorial behavior社会行为 Social behavior13. 神经生物学 Neurobiology神经元 Neuron突触 Synapse神经递质 Neurotransmitter14. 免疫学 Immunology抗体 Antibody免疫系统 Immune system炎症 Inflammation15. 营养学 Nutrition蛋白质 Protein碳水化合物 Carbohydrate脂肪 Fat16. 遗传工程 Genetic Engineering基因克隆 Gene cloning基因编辑 Gene editing转基因技术 Genetic modification 17. 生态遗传学 Ecological Genetics种群 Population环境适应性 Environmental adaptation遗传漂变 Genetic drift18. 生物信息学 Bioinformatics基因组学 Genomics蛋白质组学 Proteomics生物数据挖掘 Bioinformatics data mining19. 生物统计学 Biostatistics实验设计 Experimental design数据分析 Data analysis显著性检验 Significance test20. 环境生物学 Environmental Biology环境污染 Environmental pollution生态修复 Ecological restoration生物降解 Biodegradation这份生物学英语中英对照文档旨在帮助您更全面地了解生物学领域的专业术语。
生理学专业英语词汇
《生理学》专业英语词汇第一章绪论1．内环境（internal environment）2．稳态（homeostasis）3．反射（reflex）4．负反馈（negative feedback）5．正反馈（positive feedback）6. 神经调节（nervous regulation）7. 体液调节( humoral regulation )8. 自身调节（autoregulation）第二章细胞的基本功能1．钠泵（sodium pump）2．静息电位（resting potential，RP）3．动作电位（action potential，AP）4．极化（polarization）5．超极化（hyperpolarization）6．去极化（depolarization）7．复极化（repolarization）8．阈强度（threshold tensen）9．阈电位（threshold potential，TP）10．局部电位（local potential）第三章血液1．血细胞比容（hematocrit）2．红细胞沉降率（erythrocyte sedimentation rate，ESR）3．血型（blood group）4．血液凝固（blood coagulation）5．促红细胞生成素（erythropoietin, EPO）第四章血液循环1．心动周期（cardiac cycle）2．搏出量（stroke volume，SV）3．射血分数（ejection fraction）4．心输出量（cardiac output，CO）5．心指数（cardiac index）6．心力储备（cardiac reserve）7．房-室延搁（atrioventricular delay）8．收缩压（systolic pressure，SP）9．舒张压（diastolic pressure，DP）10．中心静脉压（central venous pressure，CVP）11．肾素（renin）第五章呼吸1．潮气量（tidal volume，TV）2．肺活量（vital capacity，VC）3．用力肺活量（forced vital capacity，FVC）4．解剖无效腔（anatomical dead space）5．肺泡通气量（alveolar ventilation）6．肺通气/血流比值（ventilation/perfusion ratio）7．肺表面活性物质pulmonary surfactant第六章消化和吸收1．消化（digestion）2．吸收（absorption）3．脑-肠肽（brain-gut peptide）4．胃排空（gastic emptying）5．容受性舒张（receptive relaxation）6. 胆盐的肠肝循环（enterohepatic circulation of bile salt）第八章尿的生成和排出1．肾小球滤过率（glomerular filtration rate，GFR）2．滤过分数（filtration fraction，FF）3．肾糖阈（renal thredhold for glucose）4．渗透性利尿（osmotic diuresis）5．球-管平衡（glomerulotubular balance）6．水利尿（water diuresis）7．肾血浆清除率（renal plasma clearance）第九章神经系统的功能1．（感受器的）换能作用（transducer function）2．明适应（light adaptation）3．暗适应（dark adaptation）4．兴奋性突触后电位（excitatory postsynaptic potential，EPSP）5．抑制性突触后电位（inhibitory postsynaptic potential，IPSP）6．牵涉痛（referred pain）7．脊休克（spinal shock）8．牵张反射（stretch reflex）9．肌紧张（muscle tonus）10．去大脑僵直（decerebrate rigidity）第十章内分泌1．（激素的）允许作用（permissive action）2．下丘脑调节肽（hypothalamic regulatory peptide，HRP）3．应激（stress）。