北京市西城区2014-2015学年上学期高一年级期末考试历史试卷
北京市西城区2014-2015学年上学期高一年级期末考试历史试卷试卷满分:120分考试时间:100分钟A卷 [必修模块1] 满分:100分一、选择题(下列各题的四个选项中,只有一项符合题意。
每小题1分,共50分)1. 图1是汪氏家族世代祭祀祖先的庙堂。
与“祠”紧密相关的制度是A. 世卿世禄制B. 宗法制C. 王位世袭制D. 分封制2. 秦朝中央官制中,“掌丞天子,助理万机”的是A. 丞相B. 御史大夫C. 太尉D. 治粟内史3. 下侧结构图所示的汉朝地方行政制度是A. 分封制B. 三公九卿制C. 郡县制D. 郡国并行制4. 唐朝三省六部制中的中书省负责A. 决策B. 审议C. 执行D. 司法5. 为了有效地控制和管理辽阔的疆域,元朝实行了A. 封国制B. 道路制C. 察举制D. 行省制6. “今我朝罢丞相,设五府、六院……以后子孙做皇帝时,并不许立丞相。
”“我朝”指的是A. 宋朝B. 元朝C. 明朝D. 清朝7. 图2是雅典卫城西面的普尼克斯山。
自克利斯提尼执政以来,雅典各等级公民均可参加这座山坡上的集会。
这里的“会”是指A. 四百人议事会B. 陪审法庭C. 五百人议事会D. 公民大会8. 雅典民主制全盛时期的首席将军是A. 梭伦B. 克利斯提尼C. 伯利克里D. 苏格拉底9. 罗马《十二铜表法》主要是为了协调A. 平民与贵族的关系B. 公民与奴隶的关系C. 罗马人与外邦人关系D. 罗马国内民族关系10. 罗马法在世界法律史上有着重要的地位,因为它A. 维护巩固了罗马帝国统治B. 批判私有制的罪恶C. 是近现代西方法律的源头D. 给予奴隶以自由权11. 美国1787年宪法规定各州具有的权力是A. 在不违背宪法的前提下制订地方法律B. 召募士兵,组建军队,宣布对外和战C. 使用武力恢复和维护地方的正常秩序D. 与外国缔结条约或参加各类国际组织12. 近代法国政局变动频繁,1789~1875年,曾出现过君主立宪制、民主共和制、军事帝国、复辟王朝等政体。
这反映了法国A. 地方割据势力强大B. 启蒙思想深入人心C. 民主进程艰难曲折D. 政治体制不断完善13. 法国共和政体建立的标志性文献是A. 《人权宣言》B. 《独立宣言》C. 《拿破仑法典》D. 《法兰西第三共和国宪法》14. 德意志走上资本主义发展道路的途径是A. 社会改革B. 王朝战争C. 工人起义D. 农民暴动15. 1871年颁布的《德意志帝国宪法》的特点是①专制主义色彩浓厚②国家元首掌握国家最高权力③皇帝“统而不治”④宰相不对议会而对君主负责A. ①②③B. ②③④C. ①②④D. ①③④16. 西方某些史学家称鸦片战争是“通商战争”,认为这场战争是英国为维护正常贸易而进行的。
这种观点①掩盖了战争的侵略性质②指出了战争的实质③为英国的殖民侵略辩护④混淆了现象与本质A. ①②③B. ①②④C. ①③④D. ②③④17. 1861年,法国大作家雨果在给朋友的信中怒斥火烧圆明园的罪行:“在我们眼中,中国人是野蛮人,可是你看文明人对野蛮人干了些什么!”信中的“文明人”是指A. 八国联军B. 俄国军队C. 美国军队D. 英法联军18. 太平天国运动兴起的标志是A. 金田起义B. 永安建制C. 定都天京D. 北伐西征19. 下列最能反映帝国主义资本输出侵略要求的条约是A. 《南京条约》B. 《北京条约》C. 《马关条约》D. 《辛丑条约》20. 下列图片记录了侵略者的暴行,其中发生于八国联军侵华战争的是A. 图3B. 图4C. 图5D. 图621. 以“驱除鞑虏,恢复中华,创立民国,平均地权”为政治纲领的资产阶级政党是A. 兴中会B. 华兴会C. 光复会D. 中国同盟会22. 吴玉章说:“从前皇帝自称为天子,如果有人说皇帝是强盗,可以打倒,别人一定把他看作疯子。
……相反在辛亥革命以后,如果有人想做皇帝或者拥护别人做皇帝,一定也被看作疯子。
”辛亥革命前后的这种变化说明A. 清政府统治被彻底推翻B. 中外反动势力受到打击C. 辛亥革命实现民主政治D. 民主共和观念深入人心23. “共争青岛归来,同看国贼罢黜;欢呼学生复课,庆贺商店开门。
”这幅对联反映的历史事件是A. 武昌起义B. 五四运动C. 日本投降D. 重庆谈判24. 想要参观中国共产党的诞生地,我们应该去A. 浙江嘉兴,看南湖游船B. 武汉三镇,参观军政府C. 贵州遵义,走长征路线D. 陕北地区,游览瓦窑堡25. 如果让我们为下图的历史信息键入关键词,应该是A. 太平天国运动B. 国民革命C. 国共十年对峙D. 解放战争26. 1927年8月1日,周恩来、贺龙等率领革命军在南昌起义的重要历史意义是A. 标志着新民主主义革命开始B. 打响了武装反抗国民党第一枪C. 反抗外来侵略的第一次胜利D. 建立了第一个农村革命根据地27. 红色旅游的宣传词中有“井冈山,两件宝。
历史红,山林好。
”这里的“历史红”指的是A. 农村革命根据地的创建B. 国共合作的展开C. 红军会师长征胜利结束D. 人民军队的诞生28. 毛泽东“红军不怕远征难,万水千山只等闲”的诗句歌颂的是A. 武装反抗国民党B. 秋收起义C. 二万五千里长征D. 百团大战29. 有学者在1937年发文指出:“我相信中国文化界的优秀分子以前没有一个不是憎恶战争的,但是现在却没有一个不是讴歌抗战的。
”此感言发表的背景是A. 抵抗英法联军的侵略B. 义和团顽强抵抗侵略C. 武昌起义取得成功D. 抗日战争全面爆发30. 在解放战争中,揭开了战略反攻序幕的历史事件是A. 刘邓大军挺进大别山B. 辽沈战役C. 人民解放军占领南京D. 淮海战役31. 中国新民主主义革命胜利的伟大意义包括①标志封建君主专制制度结束②壮大了世界和平和民主力量③鼓舞了被压迫民族解放斗争④为新中国的建立奠定了基础A. ①②③B. ①②④C. ①③④D. ②③④32. 图9所示历史文献的发表,标志着A. 空想社会主义思潮出现B. 马克思主义诞生C. 巴黎公社的成立D. 工人运动的兴起33. 人类历史上“无产阶级建立政权的第一次伟大尝试”是指A. 法国里昂工人起义B. 法国巴黎公社建立C. 德意志工人运动D. 俄国十月革命成功34. “阿芙乐尔”号巡洋舰现为著名的旅游景点,与之相关的历史事件是A. 英国光荣革命B. 北美独立战争C. 德国统一战争D. 俄国十月革命35. 下列有关俄国的历史事件,按发生时间先后顺序排列,正确的是①二月革命②第一次世界大战③彼得格勒起义④《四月提纲》A. ①②③④B. ②①③④C. ①②④③D. ②①④③36. 2014年12月4日是全国首个国家宪法日。
新中国第一部社会主义类型的宪法是A. 《共同纲领》B. 1954年宪法C. 1978年宪法D. 1982年宪法37. 图10反映的新中国在民主政治建设中的基本政治制度是A. 民族区域自治制度B. 人民代表大会制度C. 多党合作与政治协商制度D. 村民自治和民主选举制度38. 下列属于改革开放新时期民主法制建设成就的是A. 初步建立中共领导的多党合作和政治协商制度B. 确立人民代表大会制度为我国的根本政治制度C. 依法治国,形成中国特色的社会主义法律体系D. 中共与各民主党派实行“长期共存,互相监督”的方针39. 明确提出“一国两制”伟大构想的国家领导人是A. 毛泽东B. 周恩来C. 邓小平D. 叶剑英40. 采用和平方式解决台湾问题的基础和前提是A. 坚持一个中国的原则B. 实现海峡两岸的“三通”C. 台湾改变现有社会制度D. 台湾肃清“台独”势力41. 人民解放军进驻香港和澳门,分别是在A. 1984年和1987年B. 1990年和1999年C. 1997年和1999年D. 1997年和2000年42. 由新中国提出,后来成为解决国与国之间问题基本准则的是A. 独立自主和平外交方针B. 和平共处五项原则C. 反对霸权维护世界和平D. “求同存异”的方针43. 20世纪70年代,中国外交取得的重大成就有①参加上海合作组织②同苏联等17国建交③恢复联合国合法席位④中美关系实现正常化A. ①②B. ③④C. ①③D. ②③44. 二战后,美苏战时同盟关系走向破裂的根本原因是A. 国家利益的冲突B. 社会制度的不同C. 意识形态的对立D. 处置德国的分歧45. 美国出台“马歇尔计划”的实质是A. 抗衡苏联,争夺“中间地带”B. 援助和复兴西欧经济C. 利用经济援助拉拢东欧国家D. 扶持和控制西欧国家46. 下列能够准确反映美国“冷战”政策的一组关键词是A. 朝鲜战争北约轰炸南联盟B. 德国分裂华沙条约组织C. 杜鲁门主义北大西洋公约组织D. 铁幕演说美国“9·11”事件47. 20世纪70年代,日本开始在某些国际事务中向美国说“不”。
这种现象出现的主要背景是A. 美苏两极格局即将解体B. 日本受到不结盟运动影响C. 日本经济发展实力增强D. 中日之间实现邦交正常化48. 20世纪60年代,不结盟运动兴起。
这表明A. 帝国主义殖民体系已经彻底崩溃B. 第三世界国家政治影响力的扩大C. 西方国家放弃对第三世界的控制D. 发展中国家与发达国家平起平坐49. 图11是2014年11月9日,德国举行的“纪念柏林墙倒塌25周年”活动。
与柏林墙倒塌直接有关的历史事件是A. 东欧剧变B. 苏联解体C. 两极格局瓦解D. 东西方冷战结束50. 当今世界多极化的发展趋势日益明显,主要是因为A. 多元文化的交流融合B. 若干政治力量的壮大C. 联合国的作用不断加强D. 各国经济联系日趋紧密二、综合题(51题12分、52题20分、53题18分,共计50分)51. (12分)地方管理制度的变化是中国古代政治制度演变的重要组成。
阅读材料,回答问题。
材料一克敌者,上大夫受县,下大夫受郡。
——《左传》(1)依据材料一,与西周相比,指出春秋时期政治制度出现的变化。
(4分)材料二宋代统治者将全国划分为若干路……首次在“路”这一高层政区设立多个互不统属的机构,常设机构主要有转运司、提刑司、提举常平司,可泛称为“监司”,它们掌管财政、司法、监察、民政等事务,共同治理州县。
——摘编自王晓龙《宋代地方政府与中央关系考论》(2)依据材料二,概括宋代中央政府对“路”的管理方式。
(2分)结合所学,指出这样做的目的。
(2分)材料三寄信上谕是清代特有的,直接由皇帝军机处寄给受命令的人……这种上谕,由军机处拟给皇帝看,皇帝看过以后,封来盖起一个印。
这个印一盖,谁也不能看。
譬如是有关经济财政问题的,送给江苏巡抚,连户部大臣也不能看。
若是有关军事的,送给两广总督,兵部尚书也不能看。
——钱穆《中国历代政治得失》(3)结合材料三,说明清朝管理地方的特点及其作用。
北京市西城区(北区)2012-2013学年高一上学期期末考试历史试题Word版含答案
北京市西城区(北区)2012-2013学年度第一学期高一年级期末考试历史试卷(试卷满分:120分考试时间:100分钟)A卷[必修模块1] 本卷满分:100分一、选择题(下列各题的四个选项中,只有一项符合题意。
每小题1分,共50分)1. 为解决贵族之间在权力、财产和土地继承上的矛盾,西周实行了A. 禅让制B. 分封制C. 宗法制D. 礼乐制2. 古史记载,西周“封建亲戚,以藩屏周”。
“封建”指的是A. 封邦建国B. 营建都城C. 制定周礼D. 建立军队3. 下图为“秦阳陵虎符”,铜铸,纵分为二,左右各有十二字的错金铭文:“甲兵之符,右在_______,左在阳陵。
”军队调动,必须左、右半符验合无误,才能生效。
该铭文中空缺的字应是A. 丞相B. 皇帝C. 太尉D. 廷尉4. 加强中央集权的科举制创立于A. 两汉B. 魏晋C. 隋唐D. 明清5. 下图所示的中央管理体制形成于A. 秦始皇B. 明成祖C. 康熙帝D. 雍正帝6. 明太祖朱元璋废除丞相的意图是A. 加强皇权专制B. 加强对地方的控制C. 提高办事效率D. 使各部门互相牵制7. 伴随古代中国专制主义中央集权制度发展历程的两对基本矛盾是①中央与地方②商品经济与自然经济③皇权与相权④皇帝集权与宦官干政A. ①②B. ①③C. ②④D. ③④8. 奠定雅典民主政治基础的政治家是A. 梭伦B. 克利斯提尼C. 伯利克里D. 柏拉图9. “我们的政府形式之所以称为民主制,是因为权力不掌握在少数人手里,而是由全体人民掌握。
”伯利克里的这番言论中,“人民”指的是A. 雅典妇女B. 雅典成年男性公民C. 奴隶D. 外邦人10. 罗马法体系最终完成的标志是A. 颁布《十二铜表法》B. 出现“公民法”C. 实施“万民法”D. 编成《民法大全》11. 为英国君主立宪制的确立提供法律依据的文献是A. 1215年《大宪章》B. 1689年《权利法案》C. 1776年《独立宣言》D. 1787年宪法12. 1871年,德意志帝国建立。
北京市西城区2014—2015学年度第一学期期末试卷
北京市西城区2014—2015学年度第一学期期末试卷第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)21. They’ve moved to a different house _____ their children can attend a better school.A. in caseB. as long asC. so thatD. even though22. _____ his ID card, Philip had to go to the police station in person and reapply for a new one.A. Having lostB. LosingC. To loseD. Lose23. I believe that the world is _____ you think it is. So smile at the world and it will smile back.A. whatB. howC. thatD. which24. —I was very angry with Kelvin yesterday.—I know your feelings, but if you forgive him, you _____ a bigger man.A. have beenB. would beC. will beD. were25. —What do you do as a volunteer in Africa?—_____! There are many poor people there. They need a lot of help.A. NoneB. SomethingC. LittleD. Everything26. Arriving at the party in a great hurry, we were disappointed to find that the band _____ playing.A. stoppedB. will stopC. has stoppedD. had stopped27. The sign at Gate 8 reads that you _____ show your boarding pass and passport before getting onthe plane.A. canB. mustC. mayD. would28. This ferryboat _____ to transport passengers between the harbor and the island for years.A. is usedB. was being usedC. is being usedD. has been used29. It is becoming a threat to the Chinese language and culture _____ some people can’t writeChinese characters properly.A. whichB. thatC. whetherD. how30. _____ the travelling needs of passengers, China Railway Corporation has decided that peoplecan book tickets 60 days in advance.A. MeetB. To meetC. MetD. Meeting31. The Alibaba Group, _____ was founded in 1999, has become China’s largest e-commercecompany.A. whichB. whatC. whoseD. that32. —Hi, Lucy! What’s the schedule for tomorrow?—Let me check. You _____ an appointment with Thomas at three o’clock.A. haveB. hadC. were havingD. have had33. Peter would have the chance to present his talents in the competition now if he _____ last term.A. signed upB. had signed upC. signs upD. has signed up34. There are 12 lamps hanging _____ the ceiling in the restaurant.A. onB. inC. fromD. around35. In Singapore, people _____ eating or drinking on the subway can be fined up to 500 Singaporedollars.A. having caughtB. catchingC. caughtD. catchCAACD DBDBB AABCC第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)Each of us struggles for self-respect and self-worth to some degree. I spent much time trying to achieve perfection in every aspect of my life.I was a happy kid with a lot of friends and a supportive family. But growing up was really36 and even scary sometimes.During my childhood, I was constantly involved in something that included people’s viewing my achievements or my 37 . I wanted everyone’s praise and acceptance, but I was my own toughest critic(挑剔的人).After I graduated from high school, my 38 to be “thin” began to trouble me. I began trying to diet by 39 my food.In the beginning, I felt great—attractive and successful, almost superhuman. I even thought that I was better than everyone else. What I di dn’t see was that I was slowly 40 myself.People around me began to 41 my weight loss. They said with concern. “You’re losing too much weight.” “Elisa, you’re so thin.” All their words only suggested that I was getting closer to “42 ” .Sadly, I took my physical 43 the first important in my life, 44 that it was the way to become successful and accepted.Then I cut down my 45 more and more, until a 46 day consisted of half a teaspoon of nonfat yoghurt and coffee in the morning, and a cup of grapes at night.But my poor 47 began to cause me to lose 48 . Then one night, like many nights before, I couldn’t sleep, and my heart felt as though it might beat out of my chest. I tried to49 , but I couldn’t. The beating became so rapid and so strong that I could no longer50 . What I had done to diet nearly caused me to have a heart attack. I stood up, and immediately fell down. I was really 51 , and I knew I needed help. My roommate rushed me to the52 , beginning the long road to my 53 . It took a lot—doctors, nurses, nutritionists, food supplements…And most important, a sense of what was true about myself got back on track with reality. I realized that, with my 54 of trying to be “perfect” on the 55 , I had sacrificed who I was on the inside. What I know now is, we are—each and every one of us—already perfect.36.A. natural B. hard C. easy D. possible37.A. natures B. backgrounds C. failures D. scores38.A. problem B. desire C. way D. promise39.A. collecting B. checking C. controlling D. balancing40.A. killing B. forgetting C. asking D. questioning41.A. help B. accept C. reject D. notice42.A. perfection B. devotion C. destination D. attention43.A. strength B. exercise C. examination D. appearance44.A. believing B. realizing C. pretending D. declaring45.A. expense B. movement C. food D. travel46.A. pleasant B. difficult C. different D. typical47.A. memory B. nutrition C. knowledge D. taste48.A. weight B. h ope C. sleep D. job49.A. walk B. relax C. cry D. talk50.A. breathe B. resist C. wake D. remember51.A. scared B. annoyed C. discouraged D. disappointed52.A. bed B. office C. school D. hospital53.A. glory B. recovery C. discovery D. victory54.A. skill B. decision C. experience D. deal55.A. whole B. face C. mind D. outsideBCBCA DADAC DBCBA ADBCD第三部分:阅读理解(共两节,40分)AWelcome to OysterOyster is a smart card which can hold Pay as you go credit, Travelcard and Bus & Tram(有轨电车) Pass season tickets. It is the cheapest way for you to pay for single journeys on bus, Tube, tram, DLR, London Overground and most National Rail services in London.Pay as you go on your Oyster cardUsing Pay as you go is cheaper than paying cash for most journeys.Daily limitIf you’re unsure of the number of journeys you’re going to make, Oyster pay is easy for you to use. Make as many journeys as you like and you’ll never pay more than the daily limit for the zones you’ve travelled in. Daily limits are calculated over a 24-hour period, covering all the journeys starting between 4:30 and 4:29 the next day. There are different limits for different types of transport and times of day.The system calculates the daily limit based on when and how you travel. Money will be taken away from your card each time you travel, until you reach a daily limit. This includes Pay as you go travel on bus, Tube, tram, London Overground and most National Rail services in London. River services and the Emirates Air Line do not contribute to your daily limit. For more information, visit /oyster.Season tickets on your Oyster cardYou can buy Travelcards and Bus & Tram Passes on Oyster. With a Travelcard, you can travel as many times as you like on bus, Tube, London Overground and National Rail services on the dates, and across the trav el zones you’ve paid for. Please ensure your Travelcard covers all the zones you travel through. If your Travelcard includes zone 3, 4, 5 or 6, you can also use it on tram services. Bus & Tram Passes can be used on trams and London buses displaying the red roundel bus symbol on the dates you’ve paid for.The red roundelWhen you first get an Oyster card, you will need to pay a £5 refundable (可退款的) deposit. If you no longer need your Oyster card, we’ll refund any remain ing pay. Find out more at /refunds.56. What do we know about the daily limit?A. You’ll stop paying once you reach the daily limit.B. River services help contribute to your daily limit.C. The daily limit is fixed no matter when you travel.D. You’ll pay more than the daily limit for your travel.57. Season tickets include _____.A. Oyster card and TravelcardsB. Pay as you go and TravelcardsC. Travelcards and Bus & Tram PassesD. Pay as you go and Bus & Tram Passes58. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A brochure.B. A report.C. A novel.D. An essay.56.A 57.C 58.ABMy morning routine varies little from day to day. I walk the dog, eat breakfast at the kitchen counter with Katie and Matt, and then settle in for a day at the computer. And because I work mostly from home, I have learned that little walks into the outside world are important for psychological well-being. So before I begin attempting to put sentences together, I walk over to a little coffee shop in my neighborhood, and chat with the folks behind the counter.The coffee shop is on the other side of the historic Chesapeaker & Ohio Canal from my house. Whenever in season, tourists line up to take a slow boat, if not to India, at least into the 19th century.One warm day last fall, I turned the corner to see one of the boatmen sitting alone on the boat, bathed in early-morning light. He was playing the violin. The scene stopped me in my tracks. What I witnessed could only be described as a perfect moment. Ten seconds at most. But months later I still remember just standing there, watching, listening, and taking it all in.We all have such moments put before us. Little surprises. Whether we’re wise enough to see them is another thing.I thought of the violin man one Sunday afternoon while reading the biographies of those killed in the Columbia incident. The specialist Laurel Clark, talking from the shuttle a few days before it was to land, said it was blissful to see the simple unexpected wonders of space, like a sunset. “There’s a flash; the whole payload bay turns this rosy pink,” she said. “It only lasts about 15 seconds, and then it’s gone.”I once had a friend who had a strange habit that never stopped to amuse me, maybe because I never quite knew when she was going to spring it on me. It could come in the middle of a particularly lively dinner with old friends. Out of the blue, she’d say, “Stop! I want to remember this moment.” I realize now, after her death, what wise advice that is.59. The author goes out for a walk every day in the morning mainly because _____.A. she needs to walk the dog and enjoy the fresh airB. she considers that it is good for her physical healthC. she hates to be left alone at home when others are outD. she benefits psychologically from contacting the outside world60. The underlined word “blissful” in Paragraph 5 probably means _____.A. enjoyableB. valuableC. agreeableD. reasonable61. The main purpose of the passage is to tell people to _____.A. develop a good habitB. enjoy life to the fullestC. catch the valuable moments in lifeD. be willing to follow friends’ advice62. “I” in the passage is probably a _____.A. violinistB. writerC. sailorD. waitress59.D 60.A 61.C 62.BCA lot of us think that we should visit the dentist every six months. Whether those check-ups are really necessary is, however, a matter of debate. In 2000, three-quarters of dentists surveyed in New York were recommending six-monthly check-ups, despite the absence of evidence. Today, many organizations still recommend six-monthly check-ups. But for several decades some have been arguing that the choice of six months as the ideal space between visits is rather questionable. For example, Aubrey Sheiham, a professor of dental public health, published a paper complaining about the lack of evidence for six-monthly check-ups. Almost 40 years, he’s still making the same point.Last year the Cochrane Collaboration performed a review of the research that had been done and they were disappointed with what they found. The quality and quantity of the research was simply too poor to back up the idea of six-monthly check-ups.There’s something else we have to bear in mind. Even when a study finds, for example, that children who go to the dentist frequently have fewer fillings, there may be other factors(因素) at work. Those same children may have other advantages; they may eat more healthily and have better quality dental equipment.How often should you visit the dentist, then? Bodies like Nice, which provides guidance for the National Health Service in England and Wales, say that the frequency of dental visits all depends on the individual. They recommend that children go at least once a year because their teeth can decay(蛀蚀) faster, while adults without problems can wait as long as two years. They even go as far as to say that longer than two years is OK for people who have shown commitment to caring for their teeth.Where does this leave the rest of us the next time we receive a card in the mail reminding us our next dental visit is due? We’d all like an excuse to go less often, and the good news is that if you don’t have any problems you can probably w ait a little longer than six months between visits. But exactly how long you can wait before your appointment with the dentist’s chair will depend on the assessment you and your dentist make of your own risk.63. Who supports six-monthly dental check-ups?A. All the dentists.B. Many organizations.C. Aubrey Sheiham.D. The National Health Service.64. The research may not prove the idea of six-monthly check-ups because _____.A. the researchers were not qualifiedB. the number of the subjects was bigC. there might be other factors at workD. there was a lack of quality dental equipment65. We can learn from the last two paragraphs that _____.A. people often find excuses to avoid the next dental visitB. the frequency of dental visits varies for different peopleC. people should decide when to go to the dentist by themselvesD. the healthier a person is, the less frequent the dental visits are66. What is the best title for this passage?A. How can we go to the dentist less?B. Why do we need to visit our dentist?C. Who should go to the dentist frequently?D. How often do we need to visit our dentist?63.B 64.C 65.B 66.DDDo we really know our best friends?I like my close friends a lot, and yet, on an almost daily basis, they shocked me. I have a friend who thinks voting is a waste of time; I have another friend who never takes any arrangement to meet at a given time and place seriously.It’s generally held that friends are people with whom we choose to develop relationships because we find their personalities agreeable, or similar to our own, and yet experience regularly contradicts this. What is a friend, really? All that one can safely say is that a friend is someone one likes and wishes to see again.The truth is that we don’t know our friends. Numerous studies show that we tend to assume our friends agree with us more than they really do. The striking part is that the problem doesn’t appear to lessen as a friendship deepens. When the researchers Michael Gill and Bill Swann questioned students sharing rooms, they found that, as time passed, people became even more confident in the accuracy of their judgments about the other, and yet, in reality, the judgments grew no more accurate. Two people might become dear friends, yet remain ignorant about vast areas of each other’s inner lives.This seems strange, until you consider, that many of the benefits that friendship provides don’t necessarily depend on perfect familiarity; they come from something closer to reliability. Friendship may be less about being drawn to someone’s personality than about finding someone willing to keep you company, or lend an ear. A friend provides the “social-identity support” we desire. You needn’t be a close match with someone, nor deeply familiar with their mind. And once a friendship has begun, you want to like it, if only to confirm that you made the right decisi on. We don’t want to know everything about our friends. We don’t base friendships on what we learn about people; we decide what to learn about people, and what to ignore, based on having decided to be friends.Perhaps there’s something moving about viewing friendshipas an agreement to keep each other company, ignore each other’sfaults and not probe (刨根问底) too deeply in ways that mightweaken the friendship. Perhaps a true friend is someone whodoesn’t ask many awkward questions.67. Why does the author tell the stories of his two friends in thefirst paragraph?A. To provide background information.B. To introduce the topic of the passage.C. To stress the importance of friendship.D. To show the difference between friends.68. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refers to _____.A. friendsB. judgmentsC. researchersD. benefits69. It can be concluded from the passage that _____.A. close friends usually know each other in depthB. real friends are people you like but don’t wish to see oftenC. we do not necessarily share personalities with close friendsD. the longer we stay with friends, the more accurately we judge them70. Which statement about friends will the author probably accept?A. Stay friends but keep a distance.B. It takes a long time to grow an old friend.C. Real friends will tell you when your face is dirty.D. True friends know all about you and still like you.67.B 68.D 69.C 70.A第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)Real-life Room Escape GamesReal-life room escape games are a type of physical adventure game in which people are locked in a room with other participants and have to use the things in the room to settle a series of puzzles, find clues (线索), and escape the room within a set time limit.The games are based off Escape the Room video games, such as Crimson Room and QP-Shot, created by TAKAGISM Inc. by Toshimitsu Takagi in 2005, in which the player is locked inside a room and must explore his or her surroundings in order to escape. 71 Other inspirations include adventure board games and movies. Real-life room escape games are becoming popular in the United States, Japan, and China. 72 For example, some games require you escape prison cells while others require you escape space stations.73 Soon, they were exported to North America, Asia and Australia. Examples include the two pioneer companies Hint Hunt and Adventure Rooms.The games were so successful that new locations began opening up across China, in cities big and small, according to Want China Times. In the southern city of Shenzhen, for example, the first escape game location opened last August. 74 “These real-life escape games can help those who stay at home on their computers and iPads all day to experience real social circles,” Tian Xiaochuan, who owns two room escape game stores in Jinan, told Want China Times.Earlier this year, The South China Morning Po s t said the real-life escape games are a hit among “highly stressed students and overworked young professionals.” 75 Some players get so involved that they tear down equipment or decorations inside their “prisons”, as Zhu Yumeng, chief operating officer of Beijing room escape game store Taoquan told China Daily.A. Each game adds local themes to settings.B. And seven new game locations quickly followed.C. They should also be brave enough to face their fears.D. Sometimes the excitement becomes a bit much, though.E. Weekend or day event escape games have been held in some stores.F. Permanent real life escape games in a fixed location were first opened in Europe.G. Players must be observant and use their critical thinking skills to escape the room.71.G 72.A 73.F 74.B 75.D第四部分:书面表达(共两节,35分)第一节(15分)你的英国笔友Chris要来北京参加一个汉语冬令营。
北京市西城区2013-2014学年高一下学期期末考试历史试题 Word版含答案
北京市西城区2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期末考试历史试卷(试卷满分:120分考试时间:100分钟)A卷[ 必修模块2 ]本卷满分:100分一、选择题(下列各题的四个选项中,只有一项符合题意。
每小题1分,共50分)1. 中国是世界农业起源地之一,下列农作物最早由中国培植的是A. 小麦B. 玉米C. 水稻D. 高粱2. 图1明代“耕耘图”揭示的中国古代农业生产的基本特征是A. 刀耕火种B. 自给自足C. 男耕女织D. 精耕细作3. “昼出耘田夜绩麻(“绩麻”意为把麻搓成线),村庄儿女各当家。
”这句诗反映了A. 男耕女织的小农经济B. 农业灌溉方式的变化C. 家庭手工业艰难经营D. 农村商品经济的发展4. 《史记·商君列传》记载:“(商鞅)为田开阡陌封疆,而赋税平。
”材料中涉及土地制度的变革是A. 废除井田制,实行均田制B. 井田制取代氏族公社所有制C. 由井田制变为土地私有制D. 从土地私有制向国有制发展5. “农为天下之本务,而工贾(即“商”)皆其末也……惟在平日留心劝导,使民知本业为贵。
”该言论反映的思想是A. 农商并重B. 农本商末C. 重商主义D. 闭关锁国6. 图2所示古代农业灌溉工具最早出现于A. 战国时期B. 秦汉时期C. 曹魏时期D. 唐朝时期7. 中国是瓷器的故乡,古代著名的“瓷都”是A. 景德镇B. 佛山镇C. 唐山D. 苏州8. 宋代城市商业活动发生的重大变化是A. 打破了交易的时间和空间限制B. 形成了地域性的商人群体C. 出现了大规模的长途贩运贸易D. 政府加强了对商业的监管9. 徽商、晋商等诸多商帮活跃于全国是在A. 唐宋时期B. 元代时期C. 明清时期D. 晚清时期10. 清朝时期,由政府特许统一经营对外贸易的“十三行”设在图3中的A. ①B. ②C. ③D. ④11. 明清统治者推行“海禁”和“闭关锁国”政策,其主要影响有①妨碍中国开拓海外市场②抑制了资本的原始积累③避免了西方的殖民侵略④中国对外贸易渐趋萎缩A. ①②③B. ①②④C. ①③④D. ②③④12. 19世纪中期,中国经济结构出现的新变化是A. 资本主义萌芽产生B. 近代工业开始出现C. 商业活动受到限制D. 农业仍占主导地位13. “治国之道,在乎自强,而审时度势,则自强以练兵为要,练兵又以制器为先。
西城区2014~2015学年度期末试题
北京市西城区2014~2015学年度第一学期高三历史期末测验2015.1试卷满分:100分考试时间:120分钟第Ⅰ卷选择题(共40分)本卷共40小题,每小题1分,共40分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
1.“周之有懿德也,犹曰莫如兄弟,故□□之。
……故以亲屏周。
”“□□”中应为A.禅让B.世袭C. 封建D. 宗法2.“(秦)为驰道于天下,东穷燕、齐,南极吴、楚,江湖之上,濒海之观毕至。
”秦朝驰道的修建A.加强了对诸侯国的控制B.有效地扩展了统治疆域C.建立起了垂直管理体系D.有利于经济文化的交流A.农业生产动力有了重大突破B.犁耕技术已在西北地区出现C.北魏均田制推动了农民垦荒D.魏晋时期曲辕犁还没有出现4. “盛唐、中唐以后,传奇小说也成为文学的新品种,红拂小玉、太真莺莺、昆仑奴、聂隐娘,以至南柯黄粱……数量质量都远远超过南北朝的志怪小说。
”出现此现象的相关因素有①城市经济的发展②佛教、道教的广泛传播③开放的社会环境④活字印刷术的广泛应用A. ①②③B. ①②④C.①③④D. ②③④5.王安石变法的措施中,意在“通有无、权贵贱,以平物价,所以抑兼并”的措施是A.青苗法 B.平籴法C.保甲法 D.市易法6.黄仁宇在《中国大历史》中提出:晚明是“一个停滞但注重内省的时代”。
能为其提供佐证的是A. 朱熹的“格物致知”B. 王阳明的“致良知”C. 顾炎武的“经世致用”D. 王夫之的唯物思想7.从《齐民要术》到《农政全书》,中国古代的农书基本都记述了主要耕作方法、农具、技术和农产品加工等内容。
这可以佐证①科研方法注重实验观察②精耕细作的生产特点③农业发展达到很高水平④科技成果多源于经验总结A. ①②③B. ①②④C.②③④D. ①②③④8.中国古代“在最高专制权力中心的边上,总是会不断产生新的权力机构”。
以下与此观点相符的机构是A.汉朝的丞相B.宋朝的中书门下C. 元朝的中书省D.清朝的军机处9.《管子·治国》中写道:“夫富国多粟生于农,故先王贵之。
2014-2015学年上学期高一期末考试(历史)
2014-2015学年上学期高一期末考试(历史)试卷Ⅰ选择题部分一、选择题(本大题有40小题,每题2分,共80分。
每题所列的四个选项中只有一个选项是符合题目要求的)1.马克思主义是马克思、恩格斯在批判继承三大理论的基础上创立起来的,这三大理论是①德国古典哲学②法国启蒙学说③法国空想社会主义④英国古典政治经济学A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④2.1848年诞生的一种新的社会主义理论,被誉为“沐浴全世界工人的阳光”,其诞生的标志是A.《资本论》的出版 B.《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》的发表C.《共产党宣言》的发表 D.《四月提纲》的提出3.第二次世界大战后,以欧洲为中心的世界政治格局被以美苏为两极的世界政治格局所取代。
美苏两极对峙格局正式形成的标志是A.“杜鲁门主义”的提出 B.北约和华约的建立C.经济互助委员会的成立 D.马歇尔计划的实施4.1967年,欧洲的三个机构正式合并,统称为欧洲共同体。
这三个机构不包括...A.欧洲煤钢共同体 B.欧洲联盟C.欧洲原子能共同体 D.欧洲经济共同体5.第一次不结盟国家和政府首脑会议的召开,标志着不结盟运动的诞生。
下列国家,属于不结盟运动发起国的是A.苏联、南斯拉夫、埃及B.美国、埃及、印度C.南斯拉夫、埃及、印度D.中国、印度,南斯拉夫6.“你耕田来我织布,你挑水来我浇园”,有人认为七仙女和董永的美丽传说反映了古代中国农业经济的特点,这主要是指A.刀耕火种是主要的耕作方式B.小农户个体经营为主的农业经营方式C.农业灌溉技术世界领先D.农民生活富足,不存在土地兼并7.右图是著名的商代四羊方尊,它以精美的造型为世人称道,以下关于商周青铜铸造的说法错误的是A.商周青铜铸造的工艺水平很高B.西周青铜器多作为礼器的象征C.商周青铜铸造中已经使用水力鼓风装置D.商周青铜铸造规模相当大8.小明在暑假期间赴陶瓷博物馆参观古代瓷器,拍了不少数码照片,整理照片时把瓷器与产地的对应关系弄乱了,请你帮助确定右图古瓷的产地最可能是A、越州B、邢州C、景德镇D、耀州9.东汉学者班固在《西都赋》中描绘长安“街衢洞达,闾阎且千。
北京市西城区2015届高三上学期期末考试历史试题(附答案)
北京西城区2014—2015学年度第一学期高三期末考试历史试题第I卷(选择题共40分)本卷共40小题,每小题1分,共40分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
1.“周之有懿德也,犹日莫如兄弟,故口口之。
……故以亲屏周。
”“口口”中应为A.禅让B.世袭C.封建D.宗法2.“(秦)为驰道于天下,东穷燕、齐,南极吴、楚,江湖之上,濒海之观毕至。
”秦朝驰道的修建A.加强了对诸侯国的控制B.有效地扩展了统治疆域C.建立起了垂直管理体系D.有利于经济文化的交流3.图1和图2是出土于甘肃省嘉峪关地区魏晋墓葬的两幅壁画。
据此,可以得出的结论是A.农业生产动力有了重大突破B.犁耕技术已在西北地区出现C.北魏均田制推动了农民垦荒D.魏晋时期曲辕犁还没有出现4.“盛唐、中唐以后,传奇小说也成为文学的新品种,红拂小玉、太真莺莺、昆仑奴、聂隐娘,以至南柯黄粱……数量质量都远远超过南北朝的志怪小说。
”出现此现象的相关因素有①城市经济的发展②佛教、道教的广泛传播③开放的社会环境④活字印刷术的广泛应用A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②⑧④5.王安石变法的措施中,意在“通有无、权贵贱,以平物价,所以抑兼并”的措施是A.青苗法B.平籴法C.保甲法D.市易法6.黄仁宇在《中国大历史》中提出晚明是“一个停滞但注重内省的时代”。
能为其提供佐证的是A.朱熹的“格物致知”B.王阳明的“致良知”C.顾炎武的“经世致用”D.王夫之的唯物思想7.从《齐民要术》到《农政全书》,中国古代的农书基本都记述了主要耕作方法、农具、技术和农产品加工等内容。
这可以佐证①科研方法注重实验观察②精耕细作的生产特点③农业发展达到很高水平④科技成果多源于经验总结A.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①②③④8.中国古代“在最高专制权力中心的边上,总是会不断产生新的权力机构”。
以下与此观点相符的机构是A.汉朝的丞相B.宋朝的中书门下C.元朝的中书省D.清朝的军机处9.《管子·治国》中写道:“夫富国多粟生于农,故先王贵之。
北京市西城区2014-2015学年高一下学期期末考试历史Word版含解析
2014-2015学年北京市西城区高一下学期期末考试历史一、单选题:共50题1.作为世界农业起源地之一,下列农作物最早由中国培植的是A.①②B.②③C.①④D.②④2.中国传统农业的主要耕作方式是A.刀耕火种B.耜耕C.石器锄耕D.铁犁牛耕3.下图是2010年中国邮政发行的一枚邮票。
它反映了中国古代农业生产的基本模式是A.男耕女织B.精耕细作C.集体劳作D.粗放经营4.“进之则箭下,入土也深;退之则箭上,入土也浅。
”此工具名称是A.耧车B.翻车C.筒车D.曲辕犁5.中国古代经济重心逐渐转移到江浙地区是在A.秦汉B.隋唐C.两宋D.明清6.“市肆之中多一工作之人,即田亩之中少一耕稼之人。
” 基于此言论,统治者采取的政策是A.农商并重B.重农抑商C.农本商末D.闭关锁国7.下列各项符合元代手工业发展状况的是A.冶铁业使用灌钢法B.形成南青北白两大制瓷系统C.推广了棉纺织技术D.民营手工业超过官营手工业8.下图所示的唐朝城市中,设有市舶使专管对外贸易的是A.①B.②C.③D.④9.“市井经纪之家……夜市直至三更尽,才五更又复开张。
如耍闹去处,通晓不绝。
”材料所描述的商业现象最早出现于A.汉朝洛阳B.宋朝东京C.元朝大都D.明朝北京10.明清统治者推行“海禁”和“闭关锁国”政策,其主要影响是A.妨碍了海外市场的开拓B.保护了民族工业的发展C.避免了西方列强的侵略D.有利于商品经济的发展11.19世纪中期,中国经济结构的主要变化是A.资本主义萌芽产生B.自然经济开始解体C.出现官僚资本主义D.商品经济开始出现12.史学家陈旭麓认为:“洋务运动汲取来的西方知识对中国传统社会的冲击,比十次旧式农民战争更大。
”洋务运动对中国传统经济冲击最大的是A.创办近代企业B.派遣留美学生C.开设新式学堂D.筹建近代海军13.李鸿章说:“古今国势,必先富而后能强,尤必富在民生而国本乃可益固。
”下列企业体现这一思想的是A.安庆内军械所B.福州船政局C.江南制造总局D.轮船招商局14.19世纪六七十年代,中国民族资本主义工业兴起的条件有①外商企业利润的刺激②洋务运动的诱导③实业救国思潮的推动④政府提倡与鼓励A.①②B.③④C.②③D.②④15.民国初年,中国发展最快的民族工业是A.采煤业和运输业B.纺织业和面粉业C.化工业和橡胶业D.皮革业和卷烟业16.中国近代史上“断发易服”的主张始于A.鸦片战争期间B.洋务运动期间C.戊戌变法期间D.辛亥革命期间17.下图是民国时期新式婚礼的照片。
XXX2014-2015学年上学期高一年级期末考试历史试卷后有答案
XXX2014-2015学年上学期高一年级期末考试历史试卷后有答案XXX2014-2015学年上学期高一年级期末考试历史试卷满分为100分。
考试时间为60分钟。
第I卷一、单项选择题(共32小题,每小题2分,共64分。
)1.对下图所示书籍的正确评价是A.反映了农民要求土地的迫切愿望B.是中国发展资本主义的最早方案C.具有强烈的反帝爱国色彩D.首倡在中国实行民主革命2.“再现历史场景,弘扬民族精神”是历史影视剧的主题。
若要再现XXX率领中国海军抗击日本侵略者的悲壮场景,应该选择的素材是A.辽东战役B.平壤战役C.黄海战役D.威海卫战役3.中国古代以干支纪年,天干是“甲、乙、丙、丁、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸”,地支是“子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戌。
亥”。
甲午战争发生于1894年,八国联军侵华的。
1900年应是A.庚子年B.己亥年C.辛丑年D.壬寅年4.近代中国第一个统一的资产阶级革命政党是A.光复会B.XXXD.XXX5.辛亥革命首先取得成功的是A.武昌B.XXX.上海6.以下图是保存在上海的中国近代史上一次爱国是件的档案材料,其中有“欧战和会,外交失败”、“要除卖国贼,要救北京学生”等文字。
这些档案材料反映的历史是A.虎门销烟B.戊戌变法C.辛亥革命D.五四运动7.“打倒列强,打倒列强,除军阀,除军阀。
努力国民革命,努力国民革命,齐奋斗”这首军歌撒布于A.保路运动期间B.秋收起义期间C.北伐战争期间D.南昌起义期间8.下图中数字符号标明的地点,都是XXX十年对峙时期重大事件的发生地,长征的重要转折点发生在A.①B.②C.③D.④9.1936年三大主力红军胜利会师,标志着长征的胜利。
会师是在A.江西瑞金B.贵州遵义C.陕北吴起镇D.甘肃会宁10.“中国不会亡,你看那民族豪杰谢团长;中国一定强,中国一定强,你看那八百壮士孤军奋守东战场;……”歌词所反映的变乱A.卢沟桥事变B.淞沪会战C.国民革命军北伐D.辽沈战役11.解放战争时期,XXX说:“XXX两个拳头这么一伸,他的胸膛就露出来了。
北京市西城区2015-2016学年高一历史上学期期末考试试题
北京市西城区2015 — 2016学年度第一学期期末试卷高一历史 2016.1试卷满分:120分 考试时间:100分钟 A 卷【必修 模块1】 满分100分题号 1—50 51 52 53 总分 分数一、选择题(下列各题的四个选项中,只有一项符合题意。
每小题1分,共50分) 1. 右图是1974年在北京房山琉璃河西周遗址中出土 的青铜器堇鼎,其铭文大意为燕侯派堇前往宗周为召公 奉献食物,并受到召公赏赐。
该考古成果可用于研究A .禅让制B .礼乐制C .分封制D .郡县制2. 宗法制是西周的一项重要政治制度。
维系宗法制的 纽带是A .血缘B .地域C .信仰D .财产 3. 秦朝中央官制中,“执掌奏章,下达诏令,监察百官”的是A .丞相B .御史大夫C .太尉D .治粟内史4.右图是一幅残缺的中国古代“地方机构示意图”。
请依据 留存信息,判断该图反映的朝代是 A. 汉朝 B. 唐朝C. 宋朝D. 元朝5. 中国古代中央与地方关系的变化,对政治制度影响甚大。
下列各项为元朝加强中央集 权的措施是A .颁布推恩令B .设置节度使C .增设三司使D .实行行省制6. 明朝裁撤中书省和丞相,以六部分理全国政务,直接对皇帝负责。
此举目的是A .增加六部权力B .扩大统治基础C .加强专制统治D .提高办事效率 7. 古希腊城邦的基本特征是A .多为藩属关系B .小国寡民和独立自主C .城邦即为城市D .建立中央集权的国家8. 公元前5世纪,罗马的《十二铜表法》规定:“如果有病或因年高有障碍,原告应提 供车子。
”“患重病……承审员、仲裁员或被告应另日诉讼。
”这体现了古罗马法A .保护私有财产B .维护弱者权益C .限制贵族权力D .扩大统治基础 9. 罗马法体系最终完成的标志是A .习惯法的形成B .《十二铜表法》的制定C .公民法的形成 D.《查士丁尼民法大全》的编订堇鼎 堇鼎铭文 堇鼎 堇鼎铭文10. 有学者指出,1688年“光荣革命”开始了一个现代化的英国。
2014-2015学年高一上学期期末考试_历史试题
2014-2015学年高一上学期期末考试历史试题本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,满分100分,考试时间90分钟。
注意:只交第二张卷子(选择题答题纸部分和非选择题部分)。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,80分)第Ⅰ卷共40小题,每小题2分,共80分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.中国人对与父母同辈的称谓非常多,比如有“伯伯、叔叔、舅舅、姑妈、姨妈……”。
这种现象应该受中国古代哪种制度的影响最大A.分封制B.宗法制C.等级制D.禅让制2.易中天在《帝国的终结》中说:“秦,虽死犹存,它亡的悲壮”。
从政治上看,“秦,虽死犹存”主要是指A.统一度量衡、货币B.建立三公九卿制C.建立了统一的多民族的中央集权制国家D.开创皇帝制度3.浙江省古称“江浙行省”。
“江浙行省”这一行政设置最早出现在A.唐朝B.南宋C.元朝D.明朝4.清朝政府在西南少数民族地区实行“改土归流”政策,其中“改土归流”是指A.任用当地少数民族首领进行管理B.把西南少数民族地区纳入清朝版图C.少数民族事务归属理藩院D.由中央政府派遣官员直接统治5.北宋为削弱相权而采取的措施是A.实行三公九卿制B.实行内外朝制度C.设立参知政事等副宰相D.实行三省六部制6.明朝废除丞相制度后,在皇帝和六部之间逐步建立的官制是A.内阁B.军机处C.三司D.枢密院7.“20世纪的大幕拉开了,紫禁城依然巍峨庄严,但太和殿前却留下了中国在20世纪的第一年所遭受的国耻。
1900年,在甲午战争失败五年后,列强再次侵入北京。
”这里说的是A.鸦片战争B.第二次鸦片战争C.甲午中日战争D.八国联军侵华战争8.19世纪八十年代,左宗棠收复的领土是A.香港B.台湾C.山东D.新疆9.卢沟桥事变后,蒋介石发表庐山谈话,说:“我们希望和平而不求苟安,准备应战而决不求战。
”八一三事变后,国民政府自卫宣言中说:“中国决不放弃领土之任何部分,遇有侵略,惟有实行天赋之自卫权以应之。
