古诗词英译之《春晓》
孟浩然《春晓》英文赏析
孟浩然《春晓》英文赏析作者：李琳来源：《青年文学家》2014年第02期摘要：随着中国的不断发展，中国古代诗歌也日益受到国内外的关注。
唐代诗人孟浩然所做的《春晓》脍炙人口，并被多次翻译成英文诗歌，其中有五篇英译本广受好评，本文选取其中三种英译文，并对译文的题目、用词、句型及意境进行分析对比，探讨诗歌的技巧，评价其翻译过程中的得失。
关键词：《春晓》；三种英文译本；对比分析作者简介：李琳，西安外国语大学外国语言学及应用语言学专业硕士研究生。
[中图分类号]：H059 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139（2014）-02--011.引言唐代诗人孟浩然的《春晓》是首人人知晓、传咏百世的经典诗词。
作为五言律诗的杰出代表，其工整的对仗、简单的语言、自然的表述、委婉的音韵，使读者阅读起来真是回味无穷。
《春晓》不仅音韵优美，而且行文跌宕起伏，使得全诗读来朗朗上口，回味无穷。
诗人在表达对春天的喜爱之情时，不直接咏叹，而是通过对景物的描写，让读者有一种如临其境的感觉。
许多学者、翻译家和诗人争相将《春晓》译成英文。
本文选取了许渊冲、吴钧陶、翁显良三位大家的英文翻译进行赏析。
2.三种译文赏析2.1许渊冲的译文赏析许渊冲提出了译文的“三美”理论，即翻译诗词应当达到“音美”、“形美”、“意美”的境界。
如果翻译诗词无法体现原格律诗在形式、音韵上的特点，中国古诗词韵致的美感就丧失了许多。
因此，许先生翻译的诗词较为简单凝练，尽可能的保存了原格律诗的特点，做到音美、形美，婉转悠扬。
但在翻译意象时却带有浓厚的个人主观色彩。
在音韵上，原诗既押头韵，又尾韵整齐，“上声”为主韵，尾音则延长且曲折，读来朗朗上口。
节奏上看，原诗为四句两联五言绝句，抑扬顿挫，错落有序。
许译运用了“抑扬，抑扬，抑扬，抑扬”的模式，以四音步诗的节奏再现了原文音韵整齐的特点，全诗的音韵如行云流水般优美动听，译诗的前两句很好地把握住了原诗的意境。
中文诗虽无主语，但是以作者自身的所见所闻进行描述，译诗直接将其描述为“This morning of spring in bed I’m Lying，Not woke up till I hear birds crying.”译诗中用“crying”表示鸟的啼叫声，为译诗添上了一层悲哀的感情色彩。
从翻译美学浅析《春晓》英译
谢谢！
THE SECOND
诗歌翻译美学原理
许钧教授提出，文学翻译有三个层次：基础层次、
语义层次和审美层次。
许渊冲教授总结提出的译诗要做到意美、音美、形 美的“三美论”。他指出，译唐诗要尽可能传达原诗
的意美、音美和形美，译文即使百分之百地传达了原
诗的意美，但若缺少音美也不可能保存原诗的风格和 情趣。
THE THIRD 译本比较分析
但美中不足的是没有了原诗的意味和意境，没能展现出原诗
跌宕的层次与复杂的感觉；它只是让读者理解了原诗内容， 却没能让读者欣赏原诗的音美和形美、风格和神韵，得不到 原诗的平衡美感，译诗和原诗的“诗味”大不相同。
5、文体风格
细读翁显良的译文，读者可能会产生疑问： 译文内容不切。忽略的部分有：首行五字，除“春”字外，其余意思 均未译出；后两句的动词“闻”、“知”和第三句的“声”也没有译出； 增加的内容如：开篇“Late”一词为原文所无；夜来风雨，何以知天怒而 用“fury”？诗人对花落状态未曾明示，“poor dear”这些限定词又从 何而来？如果将翁的译文做一个回译，“原文”可为： （首先一声叹息）晚了！今日醒来已晚，可惜春光难挽，四周鸟咽空 啼。昨夜风雨无驻，胜似天公已怒。可怜落红无数！ 对比之下，此回译与原文不尽相同。 译文形式上更像自由体诗或散文，缺乏格律诗的音乐性和节奏感。如 果唐诗都是以这种方式来翻译，恐怕会形成误导———外国读者们会以为 这就是享誉世界文学的唐诗的形式。 就其诗的“意似”而言，译者做得深透细致，然而“意美”何如？开 头的那一声叹息太过直白浅露，与原文委婉含蓄的风格不相符合，诗人的 情感一览无遗。自由体诗虽然可以表达出深邃的意境和强烈的感情，却无 法表达古典诗词毋容置疑的婉约、含蓄、言有尽而意无境的艺术性。诗本 身是具有朦胧美的，应给读者留以空间，说得太透则如戳破了纸灯笼。诗 中具有强烈感情色彩的词，无疑也会限制读者的理解和想象。
唐诗《春晓》的22种英译
唐诗《春晓》的22种英译【春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。
夜来风雨声，花落知多少。
】（唐孟浩然《春晓》）①I awake light-hearted this morning of spring. / Everywhere round me the singing of birds –/ But now I remember the night, the storm, / And I wonder how many blossoms were broken. (Witter Bynner & Kiang Kang-hu) ②Into my slumber in spring steal beams of morning, / and now to my ears come the voices of birds all around. / Yet I heard the sounds of winds and rains in the night, / I wonder how many flowers are fallen down to the ground. （万昌盛王僴中）③Oversleeping in spring I missed the dawn; / Now everywhere the cries of birds are heard. / Tumult of wind and rain had filled the night — / How many blossoms fell during the storm? （张廷琛& Bruce M. Wilson）④O’er spring drowse, lo! The morning dawns, / And everywhere b irds’ songs call. / It rained last night, and winds rustled so — / Plenty, me thinks, the blossoms’ fall. （林同济）⑤ Slumbering, I know not the spring dawn is peeping, / But everywhere the singing birds are cheeping. / Last night I heard the rain dripping and wind weeping, / how many petals are now on the ground sleeping? （吴钧陶）⑥Spring slumber slips by till daybreak, / Around me the birds are chirping awake. / Now I recall last night the wind and the rain, / And wonder how many petals have fallen. （刘军平）⑦Unconscious of dawning in the spring, / I hear birds crying all around. / There was sound of wind and rain all night; / How many flowers have fallen aground? （赵甄陶）⑧I wake to find the spring morn bright, / And hear birds singing all around. / Wind and rain was heavy last night, / How many flowers fell aground? （杨纪鹤）⑨This morn of spring in bed I’m lying, not to awake till birds are crying. After one night of wind and showers, how many are the fallen flowers! （许渊冲）⑩I slept in spring, unconscious of the dawn, / When songs of birds were heard on every lawn; / At night came sounds of rain and wind that blew, / How many a blossom fell no one knew！（许渊冲）⑪In springtide’s dreams the dawn is sweetly drowned; / Till everywhere the songs of birds resound. / I heard last night the rush of wind and rain. / How many flowers have fallen to the ground? （许渊冲）⑫Late! This spring morning as I awake I know. / All around me the birds are crying. The storm / last night, I sensed its fury, How many, / I wonder, are fallen, poor dear flowers!（翁显良）⑬I scarcely knew it was dawn, So sound was the sleep of spring; / Everywhere there was birdsong. / All night long was the sough of wind and rain; / How many flowers have fallen to the ground? （翁显良）⑭How suddenly the morning comes in spring! / On every side you hear the sweet birds sing: / Last night amidst the storm —Ah, who can tell, / With wind and rain, how many blossoms fell? （翁显良）⑮Sleeping in the spring, one hardly knows it’s daylight, / Birds are heard everywhere trilling. /There’ve been sounds of wind and rain in the night, / How many blossoms have been falling? （翁显良）⑯I slept in spring not conscious of the dawn, / But heard the gay birds chattering all round, / I remember, there was a storm at night. / Pray, how many blossoms have fallen down? （翁显良）⑰Sleeping in spring oblivious of dawn / everywhere I hear birds / after the wind and rain last night / I wonder how many petals fell (Red Pine) ⑱Asleep in the spring, dawn comes to me unawares; / I hear the birds singing all round. / When night comes there’s the sound of wind and rain; / Who knows how many blossoms fall to the ground. (Peter Harris)⑲I scarcely knew it was dawn, / So round was the sleep of spring; / Everywhere there was birdsong. / All night long was the sough of wind and rain; / How many flowers have fallen to the ground? （刘师舜1967）⑳How suddenly the morning comes in Spring! / On every side you hear the sweet birds sing. / Last night amidst the storm – Ah, who can tell, / With wind and rain, how many blossoms fell? (DAWN IN SPRING John Turner) 21.In drowsy spring I slept till daybreak / When the birds cry here and there, I awake. / Last night I heard a storm of wind and rain, / How many blossoms have fallen again? （《中国翻译》杂志2001年第2期）22. This spring morning in bed I’m lying / Not awake till I hear birds crying. / After one night of wind and showers / How many are the fallen flowers? （《中国翻译》杂志2001年第2期）注：这是本人正在编著的《汉英翻译大辞典》中的一个词条。
唐诗《春晓》的22种英译
唐诗《春晓》的22种英译【春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。
夜来风雨声，花落知多少。
】（唐孟浩然《春晓》）①I awake light-hearted this morning of spring. / Everywhere round me the singing of birds –/ But now I remember the night, the storm, / And I wonder how many blossoms were broken. (Witter Bynner & Kiang Kang-hu) ②Into my slumber in spring steal beams of morning, / and now to my ears come the voices of birds all around. / Yet I heard the sounds of winds and rains in the night, / I wonder how many flowers are fallen down to the ground. （万昌盛王僴中）③Oversleeping in spring I missed the dawn; / Now everywhere the cries of birds are heard. / Tumult of wind and rain had filled the night — / How many blossoms fell during the storm? （张廷琛& Bruce M. Wilson）④O’er spring drowse, lo! The morning dawns, / And everywhere b irds’ songs call. / It rained last night, and winds rustled so — / Plenty, me thinks, the blossoms’ fall. （林同济）⑤ Slumbering, I know not the spring dawn is peeping, / But everywhere the singing birds are cheeping. / Last night I heard the rain dripping and wind weeping, / how many petals are now on the ground sleeping? （吴钧陶）⑥Spring slumber slips by till daybreak, / Around me the birds are chirping awake. / Now I recall last night the wind and the rain, / And wonder how many petals have fallen. （刘军平）⑦Unconscious of dawning in the spring, / I hear birds crying all around. / There was sound of wind and rain all night; / How many flowers have fallen aground? （赵甄陶）⑧I wake to find the spring morn bright, / And hear birds singing all around. / Wind and rain was heavy last night, / How many flowers fell aground? （杨纪鹤）⑨This morn of spring in bed I’m lying, not to awake till birds are crying. After one night of wind and showers, how many are the fallen flowers! （许渊冲）⑩I slept in spring, unconscious of the dawn, / When songs of birds were heard on every lawn; / At night came sounds of rain and wind that blew, / How many a blossom fell no one knew！（许渊冲）⑪In springtide’s dreams the dawn is sweetly drowned; / Till everywhere the songs of birds resound. / I heard last night the rush of wind and rain. / How many flowers have fallen to the ground? （许渊冲）⑫Late! This spring morning as I awake I know. / All around me the birds are crying. The storm / last night, I sensed its fury, How many, / I wonder, are fallen, poor dear flowers!（翁显良）⑬I scarcely knew it was dawn, So sound was the sleep of spring; / Everywhere there was birdsong. / All night long was the sough of wind and rain; / How many flowers have fallen to the ground? （翁显良）⑭How suddenly the morning comes in spring! / On every side you hear the sweet birds sing: / Last night amidst the storm —Ah, who can tell, / With wind and rain, how many blossoms fell? （翁显良）⑮Sleeping in the spring, one hardly knows it’s daylight, / Birds are heard everywhere trilling. /There’ve been sounds of wind and rain in the night, / How many blossoms have been falling? （翁显良）⑯I slept in spring not conscious of the dawn, / But heard the gay birds chattering all round, / I remember, there was a storm at night. / Pray, how many blossoms have fallen down? （翁显良）⑰Sleeping in spring oblivious of dawn / everywhere I hear birds / after the wind and rain last night / I wonder how many petals fell (Red Pine) ⑱Asleep in the spring, dawn comes to me unawares; / I hear the birds singing all round. / When night comes there’s the sound of wind and rain; / Who knows how many blossoms fall to the ground. (Peter Harris)⑲I scarcely knew it was dawn, / So round was the sleep of spring; / Everywhere there was birdsong. / All night long was the sough of wind and rain; / How many flowers have fallen to the ground? （刘师舜1967）⑳How suddenly the morning comes in Spring! / On every side you hear the sweet birds sing. / Last night amidst the storm – Ah, who can tell, / With wind and rain, how many blossoms fell? (DAWN IN SPRING John Turner) 21.In drowsy spring I slept till daybreak / When the birds cry here and there, I awake. / Last night I heard a storm of wind and rain, / How many blossoms have fallen again? （《中国翻译》杂志2001年第2期）22. This spring morning in bed I’m lying / Not awake till I hear birds crying. / After one night of wind and showers / How many are the fallen flowers? （《中国翻译》杂志2001年第2期）注：这是本人正在编著的《汉英翻译大辞典》中的一个词条。
诗歌《春晓》五个译本之对比赏析
诗歌《春晓》五个译本之对比赏析作者：贾文娇来源：《青年文学家》2017年第09期摘要：不同的語言环境，不同的翻译方法，不同的译者会对同一个译本有着多种翻译版本。
本文选取唐朝诗人孟浩然写的诗《春晓》作为研究文本并对其5种译本进行对比分析，体会中外译者在面对同一文本时译者主体性的发挥，从而赏析译文之美。
关键词：译者；主体性；《春晓》作者简介：贾文娇（1992-），西北大学硕士研究生，研究方向：外国语言学及其应用语言学。
[中图分类号]：H315.9 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139（2017）-09-0-02一、引言《春晓》是我国唐代山水派诗人孟浩然所写的一首五言绝句诗。
春晓春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。
夜来风雨声，花落知多少。
《春晓》这首诗仅仅二十字，但诗人以其深厚的语言文字运筹能力写出这篇巧夺天工之佳作，短短四行将人、景、物描写的浑然一体，充分表现出作者惜春、叹春而又哀春的丰富情感。
诗歌语言朴实自然，像高山流水般舒适，反复读之，却别有洞天，思绪良多。
此诗借景抒情，前两句描写实景，给读者展现一副春意盎然的美景，让人憧憬不已；后两句虚写，峰回路转，直抒胸臆，借助悄无声息的风雨声抒发自己心中的苦闷，悲凉之情跃然纸上。
诗歌虚实结合、动静结合，情感真挚细腻，让人流连忘返，遐想翩翩。
二、《春晓》之五首译作对于翻译诗歌，译者不仅仅需要充分领会文本字面含义，更需要在较高文字驾驭能力的基础上挖掘隐藏在文本之后的深层次的含义，通过文本这座沟通之桥，充分领悟以及揣测者意图表达的个人情感，最大程度的建立译者与作者之间思想上的共鸣，译出既贴切文本又符合作者内心情感的译本。
《春晓》英译文共有 31个，本文选取许渊冲、翁显良、吴均陶、WitterBynner、John Turner五位译者的《春晓》英译版进行对比赏析，通过分析每位译者各自的译本以及对比这五个版本的异同，从而来探讨其中如何展现了不同译文的艺术美。
译文（1）许渊冲译Spring Morning This spring morning in bed I’ m lying， Not to awake till birds are crying. After one night of wind and showers，How many are the fallen flowers.译文（2）翁显良译 One Morning in Spring Late！ This spring morning as I awake I know. All around me the birds are crying， crying， The storm last night，I sensed its fury. How many， I wonder， are fallen， poor dear flowers！译文（3）吴钧陶译 The Spring Dawn Slumbering，I know not the spring dawn is peeping，But everywhere the singing birds are cheeping. Last night I heard the rain dripping and wind weeping，How many petals are now on the ground sleeping？译文（4）Witter Bynner 译A Spring Morning I awake light-hearted this morning of spring，Everywhere round me the singing of birds，But now I remember the night， the storm， And I wonder how many blossoms were broken？译文（5）John Turner译Dawn in Spring How suddenly the morning comes in Spring！ On every side you can hear the sweet birds sing. Last night a midst the storm– Ah， who can tell， With wind and rain， how many blossoms fell？许先生的译文不仅“音美”而且“形美”，该译文字数最少，简单凝练，概括性强，与原文对应，每行长度对等，衔接自然巧妙。
中国古典诗词翻译中的意境再现——评孟浩然《春晓》四种英译_百度文库...
（１）汹矾圈删
№ｔⅧｂ印ｄｌｌ
佻皿，ｎ】崦ｏｆ咖ｉＩｌｂｅｄＩ锄蚺１９，
胁咄血咖ｏｆ、枷ａｎｄ ｓｈｏ螂，
№ｗ删啊舭妇舢ｅｎ ｆｌｏ溯ｓ！
（２）（ｗｃ唱Ⅺ锄ｌｉ∞曲
Ｉｌｌｅ蕾硫也ｃ啪】孚
恬淡氛围相符。１ｉ嗽的译文为感叹句，突出作者对一觉
动，末两句笔锋一转，道出了作者的内心深处的沉呤，这由 表及里的转换，仿佛电影镜头从远处切换一下子拉到近前， 让读者体验到作者的内心。原诗呈汉语特有的多分句线性 轴排结构，每个方向紧扣诗人活动的—个瞬间，体现了汉语
重“意义”、“神摄”的特点，但语义环环相扣，呈递进状态。
第一、二句为动宾（短语）结构，第三句为名词短语，最后一个 为感叹句。作为汉诗英译，译文的形式与源文形式不可能 对应。“译者选择的形式可以多种多样，必须能最大程度地 传递原文的语义和意境”（黄国文１９９９：１０６一１１５），也就是说 形式的选择会不可避免地影响语义和意境的传达。 对于第一句，许渊冲和吴钧陶都将源句的短语处理为 小句（陈述句），这样的处理显得波澜不兴，平稳自然，与原诗
转化不但使叙述的重心由暗含的“我”转为明指的“你”，也 与两句译文中的插入语“Ａｈ，谢Ｄ 人的内心活动。
ｃａｎ
胁眦哪妇恤ｓｉｌ咖ｂｉｒ凼躺ｃｈｃ砸咯
脚唧ｐｃｔａＩｓ眦∞ｗｏｎｔｈｅ孕ｏｌ刚ｓＩｅ印岫眇
Ｌａｓｔ血班Ｉｌｌｅ钌ｄｔｌ砖期ｉｎ∞啦ａｎｄ诚ｎｄｗ∞ｐｉｌ唱，
从译文形式上与原文变化不似翁译那样明显。第三句
砸他ｒ译文形式上测变为更为自然；吴氏译文中第三
句处理为主谓结构的陈述句。也十分自然贴切。
第４句许译为感叹句，句式和语气与原作十分贴切，翁
译为宾语从句，吴译与１＇呲盯的译文都是疑问句。
《春晓》原诗及其英译文及物性对比
春晓》原诗及其英译文及物性对比一、引言诗在任何国家的语言中都被认为是思维表达的最高形式，近年来，一些学者以Halliday 的系统功能语法为理论框架，对古诗及其翻译的汉、英语篇进行对比分析，揭示语言分析对文学翻译研究的实用价值。
[2] 唐代诗人孟浩然的《春晓》一诗脍炙人口，本文拟从韩礼德的语篇纯理功能方面中的概念功能对《春晓》及其四种英译文进行及物性系统的分析，试图分析出各个译文的得失，以期对古诗翻译研究有所启示。
二、理论概述在Halliday 的系统功能语法中，语言有三大纯理功能：概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能。
概念功能在语言系统中通过及物性系统来体现。
及物性包括六个不同的过程：物质过程；心理过程；关系过程；言语过程；行为过程和存在过程。
[1]三、《春晓》原诗及其译作的及物性分析春晓春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。
夜来风雨声，花落知多少。
下面，我们对这首诗及其五个译本进行详细的分析。
1. 春眠不觉晓徐忠杰译为One slumbers late in the morning in spring ；许渊冲译为This morn of spring in bed I 'm lying ；吴均陶译为Slumbering ，I know not the spring dawn in peeping ，翁显良译为Late ！this spring morning as I awake I know.第一句诗的翻译的处理，徐将此句译为一个行为过程，我们可以看到睡眠是与我们生理有关的，所以我们不把它归入物质过程，而归入行为过程。
许在这里把第一句理解为一个物质过程，其中动作者是“ I ”，过程是“ amlying in ”，目标是“ bed”，而“ this morn of spring ”是环境成分. 我们从吴的译文发现了既有行为过程，又有心理过程，首先来看行为过程，我们把“slumbering ” 认为是一个行为过程，如上对徐的分析，至于心理过程，我们可以看到其中“ I” 为感觉者（sensor ），“know” 代表这是一个表示认知的心理过程，被感知的现象是“the spring dawn ”，而“ in peeping ” 这个介词短语属于环境成分；翁的译文也属于心理过程，分析同上。
论古诗英译中人称的确定——以唐诗《春晓》的四个英译本为例
作者： 安登贤
作者机构： 天水师范学院外国语学院,甘肃天水741001
出版物刊名： 天水师范学院学报
页码： 131-132页
年卷期： 2011年 第1期
主题词： 古诗英译;《春晓》;原诗意境;人称
摘要：中国古诗凝练、含蓄，人称代词通常省略。
译者在英译古诗时，由于受英语形合特点的影响．往往不可避免地要根据自己的理解补出人称以符合英文的表达习惯。
唐诗《春晓》的四个英译本选用了不同人称所产生的情景联想和抒情效果表明正确理解与再现原诗意境，对确定恰当的译文人称起着决定性作用。
意境是中国古典诗歌的灵魂，也是古诗翻译的审美评价标准。
为了正确理解与再现原诗的意境．我们应不断提高自身的文学修养，全面分析原诗中的价值观念、人生追求以及对世界的感知方式和审美情趣．从而确定恰当的英文人称．使译文读者获得与原文读者一样的感受．。